{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Medicine\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Medicine\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026page=2\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Medicine\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026page=2\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":16,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Arthur B. Stewart, President, Davis Coal and Coke Company, Correspondence Regarding Medical Treatment for Coal Miners, 1934/1940","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Miller, Joseph L.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of correspondence of Arthur B. Stewart, President of the Davis Coal and Coke Company of Baltimore, Maryland, regarding medical treatment of coal miners. Formats include correspondence (mainly carbon copies), memoranda, and questionaires. The majority of the correspondence is between Stewart and medical doctors; the most frequent correspondent is Dr. Joseph Miller of Thomas, West Virginia. Subjects include health concerns of miners and laborers and treatment for common ailments, as well as unionization.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6453","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6453.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199354","title_ssm":["Arthur B. Stewart, President, Davis Coal and Coke Company, Correspondence Regarding Medical Treatment for Coal Miners"],"title_tesim":["Arthur B. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bd69a88019162e6044794ec53375b809\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Stewart, President of the Davis Coal and Coke Company of Baltimore, Maryland, regarding medical treatment of coal miners. Formats include correspondence (mainly carbon copies), memoranda, and questionaires. The majority of the correspondence is between Stewart and medical doctors; the most frequent correspondent is Dr. Joseph Miller of Thomas, West Virginia. Subjects include health concerns of miners and laborers and treatment for common ailments, as well as unionization.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Davis Coal and Coke Company","Miller, Joseph L.","Stewart, Arthur B.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Arthur B. Stewart, President, Davis Coal and Coke Company, Correspondence Regarding Medical Treatment for Coal Miners, 1934/1940"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur B. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bd69a88019162e6044794ec53375b809\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1779-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1779-1984"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1779/1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"text":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984","Ms.1974.003","Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.","The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers","In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.","The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040","The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"collection_ssim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1974.003"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1974.003"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"creators_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers were donated to Virginia Tech from 1955 to 1990. The American Civil War letters of Harvey Black and the Civil War diaries of John Apperson were donated in 1974."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca show=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/38\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries include the following:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGermanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGlenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2503.xml\"\u003eMedical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml\"\u003eBell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026amp; Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Christian Union\u003c/emph\u003e publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_36b4a62ab56ab232aa259e6ea40349e2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"names_coll_ssim":["A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":172,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:13.394Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1779-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1779-1984"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1779/1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"text":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984","Ms.1974.003","Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.","The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers","In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.","The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040","The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"collection_ssim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1974.003"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1974.003"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"creators_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers were donated to Virginia Tech from 1955 to 1990. The American Civil War letters of Harvey Black and the Civil War diaries of John Apperson were donated in 1974."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca show=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/38\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries include the following:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGermanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGlenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2503.xml\"\u003eMedical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml\"\u003eBell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026amp; Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Christian Union\u003c/emph\u003e publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_36b4a62ab56ab232aa259e6ea40349e2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"names_coll_ssim":["A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":172,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:13.394Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Brown family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1745.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Brown Family Papers","title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965","1850-1894"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"text":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894","Ms.1990.011","Blacksburg (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.","James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown.","The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.","The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"collection_ssim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.011"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.011"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Brown family"],"creator_ssim":["Brown family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"creators_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Brown Family Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990. Additional materials were donated in 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eJames Cartmill Brown\u003c/persname\u003e was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to \u003cpersname\u003eAnnie E. Barnett\u003c/persname\u003e, but her connection to the family is unknown. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. \u003cpersname\u003eHarvey (Harvy) Black\u003c/persname\u003e of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_321a4c445033318e480f18a08ab61ee1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":495,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:00.355Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1745.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Brown Family Papers","title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965","1850-1894"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"text":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894","Ms.1990.011","Blacksburg (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.","James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown.","The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.","The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"collection_ssim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.011"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.011"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Brown family"],"creator_ssim":["Brown family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"creators_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Brown Family Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990. Additional materials were donated in 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eJames Cartmill Brown\u003c/persname\u003e was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to \u003cpersname\u003eAnnie E. Barnett\u003c/persname\u003e, but her connection to the family is unknown. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. \u003cpersname\u003eHarvey (Harvy) Black\u003c/persname\u003e of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_321a4c445033318e480f18a08ab61ee1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":495,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:00.355Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wright, Daniel E.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1246.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wright, Daniel E., Papers","title_ssm":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"title_tesim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1903-1973"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1903-1973"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1903/1973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973"],"text":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973","Ms.1968.007","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Born in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949.","The guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001.","The collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East.","During this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Wright, Daniel E.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973"],"collection_ssim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1968.007"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1968.007"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"creators_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated to the Special Collections prior to 1968 and in 1968, 1969, and 1970."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daniel E. Wright Papers, Ms1968-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daniel E. Wright Papers, Ms1968-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East.","During this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bb6e11d62b81a3f2843c6db2c4f3620e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"persname_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Wright, Daniel E."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:13.394Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1246.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wright, Daniel E., Papers","title_ssm":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"title_tesim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1903-1973"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1903-1973"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1903/1973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973"],"text":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973","Ms.1968.007","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Born in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949.","The guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001.","The collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East.","During this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Wright, Daniel E.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973"],"collection_ssim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers, 1903/1973"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1968.007"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1968.007"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"creators_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated to the Special Collections prior to 1968 and in 1968, 1969, and 1970."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daniel E. Wright Papers, Ms1968-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daniel E. Wright Papers, Ms1968-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East.","During this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bb6e11d62b81a3f2843c6db2c4f3620e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"persname_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Wright, Daniel E."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:13.394Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dillon Family Papers, 1805/1944","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Dillon, Alexander S.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the family and personal correspondence (1806-1897), business correspondence, deeds, legal papers, account books (1849-1862) of Dr. Alexander S. 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Dillon (1813-1870), Edward Dillon (1835-1897), Edward Davis Dillon (1766-1818), Fanny Polk Dillon, and Patrick Henry Dillon (1804-1862).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_65.xml","title_ssm":["Dillon Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Dillon Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1805-1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1805-1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1805/1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dillon Family Papers, 1805/1944"],"text":["Dillon Family Papers, 1805/1944","WLU.Coll.0105","/repositories/5/resources/65","Virginia","Correspondence","Medicine","Stone industry and trade","Limestone industry","Deeds","The Dillon family resided in Prince Edward and Botetourt counties, Virginia.","This collection contains the family and personal correspondence (1806-1897), business correspondence, deeds, legal papers, account books (1849-1862) of Dr. Alexander S. 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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Mary Unity Dillon, Susan P. Dillon, and Frank C. Dillon, 1979-1981."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Medicine","Stone industry and trade","Limestone industry","Deeds"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Medicine","Stone industry and trade","Limestone industry","Deeds"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dillon family resided in Prince Edward and Botetourt counties, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Dillon family resided in Prince Edward and Botetourt counties, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Dillon Family Papers, WLU Coll. 0105, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Dillon Family Papers, WLU Coll. 0105, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the family and personal correspondence (1806-1897), business correspondence, deeds, legal papers, account books (1849-1862) of Dr. Alexander S. Dillon (1813-1870), and family Bible along with ledgers and employee time books of various Dillon limestone companies, especially Edward Dillon and Co. in Botetourt County. Correspondents include Dr. Alexander S. 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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Edward Dillon and Co."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edward Dillon and Co.","Dillon Family"],"famname_ssim":["Dillon Family"],"persname_ssim":["Dillon, Alexander S.","Dillon, Edward","Dillon, Edward Davis","Dillon, Fanny Polk","Dillon, Patrick Henry"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Edward Dillon and Co.","Dillon Family","Dillon, Alexander S.","Dillon, Edward","Dillon, Edward Davis","Dillon, Fanny Polk","Dillon, Patrick Henry"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:39.199Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_65.xml","title_ssm":["Dillon Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Dillon Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1805-1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1805-1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1805/1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dillon Family Papers, 1805/1944"],"text":["Dillon Family Papers, 1805/1944","WLU.Coll.0105","/repositories/5/resources/65","Virginia","Correspondence","Medicine","Stone industry and trade","Limestone industry","Deeds","The Dillon family resided in Prince Edward and Botetourt counties, Virginia.","This collection contains the family and personal correspondence (1806-1897), business correspondence, deeds, legal papers, account books (1849-1862) of Dr. Alexander S. 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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Mary Unity Dillon, Susan P. Dillon, and Frank C. Dillon, 1979-1981."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Medicine","Stone industry and trade","Limestone industry","Deeds"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Medicine","Stone industry and trade","Limestone industry","Deeds"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dillon family resided in Prince Edward and Botetourt counties, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Dillon family resided in Prince Edward and Botetourt counties, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Dillon Family Papers, WLU Coll. 0105, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Dillon Family Papers, WLU Coll. 0105, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the family and personal correspondence (1806-1897), business correspondence, deeds, legal papers, account books (1849-1862) of Dr. Alexander S. Dillon (1813-1870), and family Bible along with ledgers and employee time books of various Dillon limestone companies, especially Edward Dillon and Co. in Botetourt County. Correspondents include Dr. Alexander S. Dillon (1813-1870), Edward Dillon (1835-1897), Edward Davis Dillon (1766-1818), Fanny Polk Dillon, and Patrick Henry Dillon (1804-1862).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the family and personal correspondence (1806-1897), business correspondence, deeds, legal papers, account books (1849-1862) of Dr. Alexander S. Dillon (1813-1870), and family Bible along with ledgers and employee time books of various Dillon limestone companies, especially Edward Dillon and Co. in Botetourt County. Correspondents include Dr. Alexander S. Dillon (1813-1870), Edward Dillon (1835-1897), Edward Davis Dillon (1766-1818), Fanny Polk Dillon, and Patrick Henry Dillon (1804-1862)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Edward Dillon and Co."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edward Dillon and Co.","Dillon Family"],"famname_ssim":["Dillon Family"],"persname_ssim":["Dillon, Alexander S.","Dillon, Edward","Dillon, Edward Davis","Dillon, Fanny Polk","Dillon, Patrick Henry"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Edward Dillon and Co.","Dillon Family","Dillon, Alexander S.","Dillon, Edward","Dillon, Edward Davis","Dillon, Fanny Polk","Dillon, Patrick Henry"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:39.199Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_65"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Billings, Elden E.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1845.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Billings, Elden E., Collection","title_ssm":["Elden E. Billings Collection"],"title_tesim":["Elden E. Billings Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1991"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991"],"text":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991","Ms.1991.036","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Presidents -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged into seven series. Files in each series are arranged alphabetically by folder or item title.","Series I: Civil War Files and Prints contains subject files on various American Civil War topics including specific battles, locations, regiments, and historic figures, as well as works of art, maps, and images. Other files include information on railroads, prisons, ethnic or social groups, and branches of the military.","Series II: Other Subject Files contains files on various topics, some tangentially related to the Civil War. Topics include, but are not limited to, figures from US military history, World Wars I and II, the Mexican War, railroads,","Series III: Lincoln Materials contains historical information about aspects of Abraham Lincoln's life and presidency. The series also includes cartoons, newsletters, portraits, and memorabilia.","Series IV: Elden E. Billings - Personal Files contains biographical information and photographs, correspondence to and from Billings, book catalogs, and notes relating to speaking events and writings.","Series V: Publications contains newsletters and journals, mostly from the Civil War period or about the Civil War. Other publications relate to Civil War Roundtables, historical societies, and military history.","Series VI: Primary Documents contains two subseries. Subseries A: Scrapbooks includes several related to Civil War regiments or individuals. Subseries B: Manuscripts includes originals and typed copies of diaries, correspondence, and ephemera from the Civil War and Reconstruction periods.","Series VII: Artifacts contains several portraits, daguerrotypes, and photographs of Civil War figures, including Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee. This series also contains medals, coins, calling cards, stamps, and other memorabilia. There are two non-Civil War related items: a print of an elephant fight from India, and a notebook that belonged to Ulysses S. Grant III.","The guide to the Elden E. Billings Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Elden E. Billings Collection commenced and was completed in August 2008. Earlier processing of the collection had been done in 1992. Additional description was completed in 2010.","A portion of the American Civil War books in the Special Collections and University Archives's Rare Book Collection were donated by Elden E. Billings. The department also houses a portrait of Elden E. \"Josh\" Billings, Art-120. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991"],"collection_ssim":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.036"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.036"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Billings, Elden E."],"creator_ssim":["Billings, Elden E."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Elden E. Billings Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1991, 2001, and 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Presidents -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Presidents -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25.5 Cubic Feet 22 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["25.5 Cubic Feet 22 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/308\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into seven series. Files in each series are arranged alphabetically by folder or item title. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Civil War Files and Prints contains subject files on various American Civil War topics including specific battles, locations, regiments, and historic figures, as well as works of art, maps, and images. Other files include information on railroads, prisons, ethnic or social groups, and branches of the military.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Other Subject Files contains files on various topics, some tangentially related to the Civil War. Topics include, but are not limited to, figures from US military history, World Wars I and II, the Mexican War, railroads, \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Lincoln Materials contains historical information about aspects of Abraham Lincoln's life and presidency. The series also includes cartoons, newsletters, portraits, and memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Elden E. Billings - Personal Files contains biographical information and photographs, correspondence to and from Billings, book catalogs, and notes relating to speaking events and writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Publications contains newsletters and journals, mostly from the Civil War period or about the Civil War. Other publications relate to Civil War Roundtables, historical societies, and military history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Primary Documents contains two subseries. Subseries A: Scrapbooks includes several related to Civil War regiments or individuals. Subseries B: Manuscripts includes originals and typed copies of diaries, correspondence, and ephemera from the Civil War and Reconstruction periods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Artifacts contains several portraits, daguerrotypes, and photographs of Civil War figures, including Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee. This series also contains medals, coins, calling cards, stamps, and other memorabilia. There are two non-Civil War related items: a print of an elephant fight from India, and a notebook that belonged to Ulysses S. Grant III. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into seven series. Files in each series are arranged alphabetically by folder or item title.","Series I: Civil War Files and Prints contains subject files on various American Civil War topics including specific battles, locations, regiments, and historic figures, as well as works of art, maps, and images. Other files include information on railroads, prisons, ethnic or social groups, and branches of the military.","Series II: Other Subject Files contains files on various topics, some tangentially related to the Civil War. Topics include, but are not limited to, figures from US military history, World Wars I and II, the Mexican War, railroads,","Series III: Lincoln Materials contains historical information about aspects of Abraham Lincoln's life and presidency. The series also includes cartoons, newsletters, portraits, and memorabilia.","Series IV: Elden E. Billings - Personal Files contains biographical information and photographs, correspondence to and from Billings, book catalogs, and notes relating to speaking events and writings.","Series V: Publications contains newsletters and journals, mostly from the Civil War period or about the Civil War. Other publications relate to Civil War Roundtables, historical societies, and military history.","Series VI: Primary Documents contains two subseries. Subseries A: Scrapbooks includes several related to Civil War regiments or individuals. Subseries B: Manuscripts includes originals and typed copies of diaries, correspondence, and ephemera from the Civil War and Reconstruction periods.","Series VII: Artifacts contains several portraits, daguerrotypes, and photographs of Civil War figures, including Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee. This series also contains medals, coins, calling cards, stamps, and other memorabilia. There are two non-Civil War related items: a print of an elephant fight from India, and a notebook that belonged to Ulysses S. Grant III."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Elden E. Billings Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Elden E. Billings Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862-1991, Ms1991-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862-1991, Ms1991-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Elden E. Billings Collection commenced and was completed in August 2008. Earlier processing of the collection had been done in 1992. Additional description was completed in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Elden E. Billings Collection commenced and was completed in August 2008. Earlier processing of the collection had been done in 1992. Additional description was completed in 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of the American Civil War books in the Special Collections and University Archives's Rare Book Collection were donated by Elden E. Billings. The department also houses \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_118.xml\"\u003ea portrait of Elden E. \"Josh\" Billings, Art-120\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A portion of the American Civil War books in the Special Collections and University Archives's Rare Book Collection were donated by Elden E. Billings. The department also houses a portrait of Elden E. \"Josh\" Billings, Art-120. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c4eba887266a72581b7bd2314bbf9fff\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":550,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:00.355Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1845.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Billings, Elden E., Collection","title_ssm":["Elden E. Billings Collection"],"title_tesim":["Elden E. Billings Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1991"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991"],"text":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991","Ms.1991.036","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Presidents -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged into seven series. Files in each series are arranged alphabetically by folder or item title.","Series I: Civil War Files and Prints contains subject files on various American Civil War topics including specific battles, locations, regiments, and historic figures, as well as works of art, maps, and images. Other files include information on railroads, prisons, ethnic or social groups, and branches of the military.","Series II: Other Subject Files contains files on various topics, some tangentially related to the Civil War. Topics include, but are not limited to, figures from US military history, World Wars I and II, the Mexican War, railroads,","Series III: Lincoln Materials contains historical information about aspects of Abraham Lincoln's life and presidency. The series also includes cartoons, newsletters, portraits, and memorabilia.","Series IV: Elden E. Billings - Personal Files contains biographical information and photographs, correspondence to and from Billings, book catalogs, and notes relating to speaking events and writings.","Series V: Publications contains newsletters and journals, mostly from the Civil War period or about the Civil War. Other publications relate to Civil War Roundtables, historical societies, and military history.","Series VI: Primary Documents contains two subseries. Subseries A: Scrapbooks includes several related to Civil War regiments or individuals. Subseries B: Manuscripts includes originals and typed copies of diaries, correspondence, and ephemera from the Civil War and Reconstruction periods.","Series VII: Artifacts contains several portraits, daguerrotypes, and photographs of Civil War figures, including Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee. This series also contains medals, coins, calling cards, stamps, and other memorabilia. There are two non-Civil War related items: a print of an elephant fight from India, and a notebook that belonged to Ulysses S. Grant III.","The guide to the Elden E. Billings Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Elden E. Billings Collection commenced and was completed in August 2008. Earlier processing of the collection had been done in 1992. Additional description was completed in 2010.","A portion of the American Civil War books in the Special Collections and University Archives's Rare Book Collection were donated by Elden E. Billings. The department also houses a portrait of Elden E. \"Josh\" Billings, Art-120. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991"],"collection_ssim":["Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862/1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.036"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.036"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Billings, Elden E."],"creator_ssim":["Billings, Elden E."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Elden E. Billings Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1991, 2001, and 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Presidents -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Presidents -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25.5 Cubic Feet 22 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["25.5 Cubic Feet 22 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/308\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into seven series. Files in each series are arranged alphabetically by folder or item title. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Civil War Files and Prints contains subject files on various American Civil War topics including specific battles, locations, regiments, and historic figures, as well as works of art, maps, and images. Other files include information on railroads, prisons, ethnic or social groups, and branches of the military.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Other Subject Files contains files on various topics, some tangentially related to the Civil War. Topics include, but are not limited to, figures from US military history, World Wars I and II, the Mexican War, railroads, \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Lincoln Materials contains historical information about aspects of Abraham Lincoln's life and presidency. The series also includes cartoons, newsletters, portraits, and memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Elden E. Billings - Personal Files contains biographical information and photographs, correspondence to and from Billings, book catalogs, and notes relating to speaking events and writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Publications contains newsletters and journals, mostly from the Civil War period or about the Civil War. Other publications relate to Civil War Roundtables, historical societies, and military history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Primary Documents contains two subseries. Subseries A: Scrapbooks includes several related to Civil War regiments or individuals. Subseries B: Manuscripts includes originals and typed copies of diaries, correspondence, and ephemera from the Civil War and Reconstruction periods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Artifacts contains several portraits, daguerrotypes, and photographs of Civil War figures, including Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee. This series also contains medals, coins, calling cards, stamps, and other memorabilia. There are two non-Civil War related items: a print of an elephant fight from India, and a notebook that belonged to Ulysses S. Grant III. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into seven series. Files in each series are arranged alphabetically by folder or item title.","Series I: Civil War Files and Prints contains subject files on various American Civil War topics including specific battles, locations, regiments, and historic figures, as well as works of art, maps, and images. Other files include information on railroads, prisons, ethnic or social groups, and branches of the military.","Series II: Other Subject Files contains files on various topics, some tangentially related to the Civil War. Topics include, but are not limited to, figures from US military history, World Wars I and II, the Mexican War, railroads,","Series III: Lincoln Materials contains historical information about aspects of Abraham Lincoln's life and presidency. The series also includes cartoons, newsletters, portraits, and memorabilia.","Series IV: Elden E. Billings - Personal Files contains biographical information and photographs, correspondence to and from Billings, book catalogs, and notes relating to speaking events and writings.","Series V: Publications contains newsletters and journals, mostly from the Civil War period or about the Civil War. Other publications relate to Civil War Roundtables, historical societies, and military history.","Series VI: Primary Documents contains two subseries. Subseries A: Scrapbooks includes several related to Civil War regiments or individuals. Subseries B: Manuscripts includes originals and typed copies of diaries, correspondence, and ephemera from the Civil War and Reconstruction periods.","Series VII: Artifacts contains several portraits, daguerrotypes, and photographs of Civil War figures, including Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee. This series also contains medals, coins, calling cards, stamps, and other memorabilia. There are two non-Civil War related items: a print of an elephant fight from India, and a notebook that belonged to Ulysses S. Grant III."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Elden E. Billings Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Elden E. Billings Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862-1991, Ms1991-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elden E. Billings Collection, 1862-1991, Ms1991-036, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Elden E. Billings Collection commenced and was completed in August 2008. Earlier processing of the collection had been done in 1992. Additional description was completed in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Elden E. Billings Collection commenced and was completed in August 2008. Earlier processing of the collection had been done in 1992. Additional description was completed in 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of the American Civil War books in the Special Collections and University Archives's Rare Book Collection were donated by Elden E. Billings. The department also houses \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_118.xml\"\u003ea portrait of Elden E. \"Josh\" Billings, Art-120\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A portion of the American Civil War books in the Special Collections and University Archives's Rare Book Collection were donated by Elden E. Billings. The department also houses a portrait of Elden E. \"Josh\" Billings, Art-120. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c4eba887266a72581b7bd2314bbf9fff\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains subject files, clippings, memorabilia, and artifacts related to the American Civil War. There are seven series, five of which predominately contain Civil War materials. The other two series in the collection also contains files on other subjects of Billings' historical interests, including aspects of military and United States history."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Billings, Elden E.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":550,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:00.355Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1845"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Correspondence, cards, notes, ephemera, photographs, and souvenirs documenting Genevieve R. Herrell's service as a civilian nurse for the US Army assigned to the White House. The collection documents her service beginning with the Harry S. Truman administration until her retirement when Gerald Ford left office in 1977.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4652.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Herrell, Genevieve R., Collection","title_ssm":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection"],"title_tesim":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1929-1997","1952-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1952-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"text":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977","Ms.2026.066","/repositories/2/resources/4652","Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family","Presidents -- United States","Medicine","White House (Washington, D.C.)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into eleven series.","Series I: Herrell Family includes documents, photogrpahs, and correspondence related to the Herrell family. The series has six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Genevieve Herrell includes items related to Genevieve's education, achievements, and personal life. It is further divided into two sub-series:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Awards and Certificates\nSub-Subseries II: Personal Correspondence\n\nSubseries II: Calvin Brooke Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's husband.\nSubseries III: Gregory Raders Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's son.\nSubseries IV: Photographs includes family photographs.\nSubseries V: Recipes includes recipes not linked to specific presidential administrations.\nSubseries VI: Souvenirs includes souvenirs not linked to specific presidential administrations.","Series II: White House Medical Unit includes materials related to Genevieve's work as part of the White House Medical Unit. It has four subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Staff Materials\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Press Coverage","Series III through X are focused on materials from specific presidential administrations. Each has up to seven subseries depending on the materials in the collection.","Series III: Truman (1945-1953) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.","Series IV: Eisenhower (1953-1961) includes six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Press Coverage\nSubseries VI: Campaign Material","Series V: Kennedy (1961-1963) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Campaign Material","Series VI: Johnson (1963-1969) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Recipes","Series VII: Nixon (1969-1974) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel which has eight subseries:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Brussels, U.K., Germany, Italy, France (1969)\nSub-Subseries II: Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, India, Pakistan, Romania (1969)\nSub-Subseries III: China (1972)\nSub-Subseries IV: Austria, U.S.S.R., Iran, Poland (1972)\nSub-Subseries V: Austria (1974)\nSub-Subseries VI: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel, and Jordan (1974)\nSub-Subseries VII: North Atlantic Council meeting, Brussels (1974)\nSub-Subseries VIII: Moscow Summit (1974)\n\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material\nSubseries VIII: Recipes","Series VIII: Ford (1974-1977) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VI: Press Coverage\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material","Series IX: Reagan (1981-1989) includes Events and Invitations materials from the Reagan White House.","Series X: Bush (1989-1993) includes Correspondence and Campaign Material.","Series XI: Unknown Administration includes undated items that could not be linked to a specific presidential administration.","Genevieve Margaret Raders was born 22 September 1916 in Lena, Illinois and died 03 September 2013 in Kingsport, Tennessee. Genevieve's parents were Edwin Hugo Raders (1884-1956) and (Agnes) Margaret Gaffney (1881-1918). Her father worked as a farmer. She married Calvin Brooke Herrell (1913-1991) in December 1942 and they had one son, Gregory Raders Herrell, in July 1953.","\"[Genevieve] Herrell loved nursing and began her career as a stewardess nurse on the railroad. During this time, she met Cal Herrell in 1942 as he traveled home to be inducted into the Army. They secretly married in December 1942 and settled in Virginia after the war. In 1952, Herrell, then a civilian nurse for the [United States] Army, received an assignment that would change her life: to assist in the care of Margaret Wallace, Harry S. Truman's mother-in-law, who often stayed at the White House. This initial role evolved into a position with the White House Medical Unit, where Herrell would serve until Gerald Ford left office and she retired on December 31, 1976.\"","--Source: Puckett, E. M. (2024, Fall-Winter). The presidents' caregiver: Virginia Tech alumnus donates mother's unique collection, offering private glimpses into presidential history. Imagine: University Libraries at Virginia Tech, 6(2), 22–23.","\"Over a span of two hundred and seventeen years the medical care of the president has shifted from episodic to permanent, informal to formal, civilian to military, and individual to bureaucratic. Emphasis has been redirected from the medical response to an acute illness or a medical emergency towards the maintenance and improvement of the president's baseline health status. Additionally, the responsibilities of the WHMU [White House Medical Unit] physicians have proliferated. These include the medical management of the explosive growth of foreign and domestic presidential travel, the continuous care of the vice president and his family, the demands of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, increased public scrutiny and the extraordinary security requirements of the protracted global war on terror.\"\n--Source: Deppisch, L. M. (2007). The White House physician : a history from Washington to George W. Bush. McFarland \u0026 Company, p. 201.","The first White House physician was Dr. Samuel Bard during the administration of George Washington. From that time until the 1920s, physicians treated presidents for specific instances of illness. In the 1920s, an official government position \"White House Physician\" was created, formalizing a role that Dr. Presley Rixey had performed for around 20 years","Over time, the physician role evolved from treatment of specific instances of illness to oversight of the president's general heath. It then continued to expand to include medical care for the president's family. After the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted, the physician gained responsibility for proper implementation of its provisions regarding presidential disability and succession. Following this, medical care was extended to the vice president and vice president's family.","Eventually, the medical responsibilities within the White House grew beyond the ability of one person to satisfy. The White House Medical Unit was eventually formed to see to the medical care of the president, vice president, and their families. The White House Medical Unit would later add responsibility for medical care of diplomats and foreign leaders visiting the White House as well as rapid emergency medical care for any White House staff or visitors.","The guide to the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was completed in June 2026.","The Genevieve R. Herrell Collection includes documents related to Herrell's family and career. The majority of the collection is focused on her time working in the White House Medical Unit and her interactions with United States Presidents and their families.","The family materials include personal correspondence, awards, photographs, and documents related to Herrell's husband and son.","The career documents include items specific to the White House Medical Unit as well as items related to her work during the presidential administrations of Harry Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Gerald Ford. There are also some items related to presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.","The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","Crewdson, Robert L., and Prince William County (Va). Historical Commission. Crossroads of the Past : A History of Haymarket, Virginia. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1982.","Jensen, Amy La Follette, et al. Paintings in the White House : A Close-Up. [Westinghouse Broadcasting Company], 1965.","Seeley, Mary Evans. Season's Greetings from the White House. A Presidential Christmas, 2007.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Correspondence, cards, notes, ephemera, photographs, and souvenirs documenting Genevieve R. Herrell's service as a civilian nurse for the US Army assigned to the White House. The collection documents her service beginning with the Harry S. Truman administration until her retirement when Gerald Ford left office in 1977.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William","The majority of the materials in the collection are in English. There are some items in Mandarin."],"collection_title_tesim":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"collection_ssim":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2026.066","/repositories/2/resources/4652"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2026.066","/repositories/2/resources/4652"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family"],"geogname_ssim":["Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family"],"places_ssim":["Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family"],"creator_ssm":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","American Greetings Corporation","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","United States. White House Photographic Office","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","American Greetings Corporation","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","United States. White House Photographic Office","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing"],"creators_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives\nin September 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Presidents -- United States","Medicine","White House (Washington, D.C.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Presidents -- United States","Medicine","White House (Washington, D.C.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 11 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 11 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eleven series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Herrell Family\u003c/emph\u003e includes documents, photogrpahs, and correspondence related to the Herrell family. The series has six subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Genevieve Herrell\u003c/emph\u003e includes items related to Genevieve's education, achievements, and personal life. It is further divided into two sub-series:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries I: Awards and Certificates\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries II: Personal Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Calvin Brooke Herrell\u003c/emph\u003e includes documents related to Genevieve's husband.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Gregory Raders Herrell\u003c/emph\u003e includes documents related to Genevieve's son.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e includes family photographs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Recipes\u003c/emph\u003e includes recipes not linked to specific presidential administrations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VI: Souvenirs\u003c/emph\u003e includes souvenirs not linked to specific presidential administrations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: White House Medical Unit\u003c/emph\u003e includes materials related to Genevieve's work as part of the White House Medical Unit. It has four subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Staff Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Press Coverage\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III through X\u003c/emph\u003e are focused on materials from specific presidential administrations. Each has up to seven subseries depending on the materials in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Truman (1945-1953)\u003c/emph\u003e includes five subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Presidential Travel\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Eisenhower (1953-1961)\u003c/emph\u003e includes six subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Press Coverage\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VI: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Kennedy (1961-1963)\u003c/emph\u003e includes five subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VI: Johnson (1963-1969)\u003c/emph\u003e includes five subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Recipes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VII: Nixon (1969-1974)\u003c/emph\u003e includes seven subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Presidential Travel\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e which has eight subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries I: Brussels, U.K., Germany, Italy, France (1969)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries II: Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, India, Pakistan, Romania (1969)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries III: China (1972)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries IV: Austria, U.S.S.R., Iran, Poland (1972)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries V: Austria (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries VI: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel, and Jordan (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries VII: North Atlantic Council meeting, Brussels (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries VIII: Moscow Summit (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VII: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VIII: Recipes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VIII: Ford (1974-1977)\u003c/emph\u003e includes seven subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Presidential Travel\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VI: Press Coverage\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VII: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IX: Reagan (1981-1989)\u003c/emph\u003e includes Events and Invitations materials from the Reagan White House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries X: Bush (1989-1993)\u003c/emph\u003e includes Correspondence and Campaign Material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries XI: Unknown Administration\u003c/emph\u003e includes undated items that could not be linked to a specific presidential administration.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eleven series.","Series I: Herrell Family includes documents, photogrpahs, and correspondence related to the Herrell family. The series has six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Genevieve Herrell includes items related to Genevieve's education, achievements, and personal life. It is further divided into two sub-series:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Awards and Certificates\nSub-Subseries II: Personal Correspondence\n\nSubseries II: Calvin Brooke Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's husband.\nSubseries III: Gregory Raders Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's son.\nSubseries IV: Photographs includes family photographs.\nSubseries V: Recipes includes recipes not linked to specific presidential administrations.\nSubseries VI: Souvenirs includes souvenirs not linked to specific presidential administrations.","Series II: White House Medical Unit includes materials related to Genevieve's work as part of the White House Medical Unit. It has four subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Staff Materials\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Press Coverage","Series III through X are focused on materials from specific presidential administrations. Each has up to seven subseries depending on the materials in the collection.","Series III: Truman (1945-1953) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.","Series IV: Eisenhower (1953-1961) includes six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Press Coverage\nSubseries VI: Campaign Material","Series V: Kennedy (1961-1963) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Campaign Material","Series VI: Johnson (1963-1969) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Recipes","Series VII: Nixon (1969-1974) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel which has eight subseries:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Brussels, U.K., Germany, Italy, France (1969)\nSub-Subseries II: Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, India, Pakistan, Romania (1969)\nSub-Subseries III: China (1972)\nSub-Subseries IV: Austria, U.S.S.R., Iran, Poland (1972)\nSub-Subseries V: Austria (1974)\nSub-Subseries VI: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel, and Jordan (1974)\nSub-Subseries VII: North Atlantic Council meeting, Brussels (1974)\nSub-Subseries VIII: Moscow Summit (1974)\n\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material\nSubseries VIII: Recipes","Series VIII: Ford (1974-1977) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VI: Press Coverage\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material","Series IX: Reagan (1981-1989) includes Events and Invitations materials from the Reagan White House.","Series X: Bush (1989-1993) includes Correspondence and Campaign Material.","Series XI: Unknown Administration includes undated items that could not be linked to a specific presidential administration."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGenevieve Margaret Raders was born 22 September 1916 in Lena, Illinois and died 03 September 2013 in Kingsport, Tennessee. Genevieve's parents were Edwin Hugo Raders (1884-1956) and (Agnes) Margaret Gaffney (1881-1918). Her father worked as a farmer. She married Calvin Brooke Herrell (1913-1991) in December 1942 and they had one son, Gregory Raders Herrell, in July 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"[Genevieve] Herrell loved nursing and began her career as a stewardess nurse on the railroad. During this time, she met Cal Herrell in 1942 as he traveled home to be inducted into the Army. They secretly married in December 1942 and settled in Virginia after the war. In 1952, Herrell, then a civilian nurse for the [United States] Army, received an assignment that would change her life: to assist in the care of Margaret Wallace, Harry S. Truman's mother-in-law, who often stayed at the White House. This initial role evolved into a position with the White House Medical Unit, where Herrell would serve until Gerald Ford left office and she retired on December 31, 1976.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e--Source: Puckett, E. M. (2024, Fall-Winter). The presidents' caregiver: Virginia Tech alumnus donates mother's unique collection, offering private glimpses into presidential history. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImagine: University Libraries at Virginia Tech, 6\u003c/emph\u003e(2), 22–23.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\"Over a span of two hundred and seventeen years the medical care of the president has shifted from episodic to permanent, informal to formal, civilian to military, and individual to bureaucratic. Emphasis has been redirected from the medical response to an acute illness or a medical emergency towards the maintenance and improvement of the president's baseline health status. Additionally, the responsibilities of the WHMU [White House Medical Unit] physicians have proliferated. These include the medical management of the explosive growth of foreign and domestic presidential travel, the continuous care of the vice president and his family, the demands of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, increased public scrutiny and the extraordinary security requirements of the protracted global war on terror.\"\n--Source: Deppisch, L. M. (2007). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe White House physician : a history from Washington to George W. Bush.\u003c/emph\u003e McFarland \u0026amp; Company, p. 201.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first White House physician was Dr. Samuel Bard during the administration of George Washington. From that time until the 1920s, physicians treated presidents for specific instances of illness. In the 1920s, an official government position \"White House Physician\" was created, formalizing a role that Dr. Presley Rixey had performed for around 20 years\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOver time, the physician role evolved from treatment of specific instances of illness to oversight of the president's general heath. It then continued to expand to include medical care for the president's family. After the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted, the physician gained responsibility for proper implementation of its provisions regarding presidential disability and succession. Following this, medical care was extended to the vice president and vice president's family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEventually, the medical responsibilities within the White House grew beyond the ability of one person to satisfy. The White House Medical Unit was eventually formed to see to the medical care of the president, vice president, and their families. The White House Medical Unit would later add responsibility for medical care of diplomats and foreign leaders visiting the White House as well as rapid emergency medical care for any White House staff or visitors.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Genevieve Margaret Raders was born 22 September 1916 in Lena, Illinois and died 03 September 2013 in Kingsport, Tennessee. Genevieve's parents were Edwin Hugo Raders (1884-1956) and (Agnes) Margaret Gaffney (1881-1918). Her father worked as a farmer. She married Calvin Brooke Herrell (1913-1991) in December 1942 and they had one son, Gregory Raders Herrell, in July 1953.","\"[Genevieve] Herrell loved nursing and began her career as a stewardess nurse on the railroad. During this time, she met Cal Herrell in 1942 as he traveled home to be inducted into the Army. They secretly married in December 1942 and settled in Virginia after the war. In 1952, Herrell, then a civilian nurse for the [United States] Army, received an assignment that would change her life: to assist in the care of Margaret Wallace, Harry S. Truman's mother-in-law, who often stayed at the White House. This initial role evolved into a position with the White House Medical Unit, where Herrell would serve until Gerald Ford left office and she retired on December 31, 1976.\"","--Source: Puckett, E. M. (2024, Fall-Winter). The presidents' caregiver: Virginia Tech alumnus donates mother's unique collection, offering private glimpses into presidential history. Imagine: University Libraries at Virginia Tech, 6(2), 22–23.","\"Over a span of two hundred and seventeen years the medical care of the president has shifted from episodic to permanent, informal to formal, civilian to military, and individual to bureaucratic. Emphasis has been redirected from the medical response to an acute illness or a medical emergency towards the maintenance and improvement of the president's baseline health status. Additionally, the responsibilities of the WHMU [White House Medical Unit] physicians have proliferated. These include the medical management of the explosive growth of foreign and domestic presidential travel, the continuous care of the vice president and his family, the demands of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, increased public scrutiny and the extraordinary security requirements of the protracted global war on terror.\"\n--Source: Deppisch, L. M. (2007). The White House physician : a history from Washington to George W. Bush. McFarland \u0026 Company, p. 201.","The first White House physician was Dr. Samuel Bard during the administration of George Washington. From that time until the 1920s, physicians treated presidents for specific instances of illness. In the 1920s, an official government position \"White House Physician\" was created, formalizing a role that Dr. Presley Rixey had performed for around 20 years","Over time, the physician role evolved from treatment of specific instances of illness to oversight of the president's general heath. It then continued to expand to include medical care for the president's family. After the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted, the physician gained responsibility for proper implementation of its provisions regarding presidential disability and succession. Following this, medical care was extended to the vice president and vice president's family.","Eventually, the medical responsibilities within the White House grew beyond the ability of one person to satisfy. The White House Medical Unit was eventually formed to see to the medical care of the president, vice president, and their families. The White House Medical Unit would later add responsibility for medical care of diplomats and foreign leaders visiting the White House as well as rapid emergency medical care for any White House staff or visitors."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929-1997 (bulk 1952-1977), Ms2026-066, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929-1997 (bulk 1952-1977), Ms2026-066, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was completed in June 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was completed in June 2026."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Genevieve R. Herrell Collection includes documents related to Herrell's family and career. The majority of the collection is focused on her time working in the White House Medical Unit and her interactions with United States Presidents and their families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe family materials include personal correspondence, awards, photographs, and documents related to Herrell's husband and son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe career documents include items specific to the White House Medical Unit as well as items related to her work during the presidential administrations of Harry Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Gerald Ford. There are also some items related to presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Genevieve R. Herrell Collection includes documents related to Herrell's family and career. The majority of the collection is focused on her time working in the White House Medical Unit and her interactions with United States Presidents and their families.","The family materials include personal correspondence, awards, photographs, and documents related to Herrell's husband and son.","The career documents include items specific to the White House Medical Unit as well as items related to her work during the presidential administrations of Harry Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Gerald Ford. There are also some items related to presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrewdson, Robert L., and Prince William County (Va). Historical Commission. Crossroads of the Past : A History of Haymarket, Virginia. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJensen, Amy La Follette, et al. Paintings in the White House : A Close-Up. [Westinghouse Broadcasting Company], 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeeley, Mary Evans. Season's Greetings from the White House. A Presidential Christmas, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","Crewdson, Robert L., and Prince William County (Va). Historical Commission. Crossroads of the Past : A History of Haymarket, Virginia. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1982.","Jensen, Amy La Follette, et al. Paintings in the White House : A Close-Up. [Westinghouse Broadcasting Company], 1965.","Seeley, Mary Evans. Season's Greetings from the White House. A Presidential Christmas, 2007."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6fed7c5c95fde00069969e7951aea74c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCorrespondence, cards, notes, ephemera, photographs, and souvenirs documenting Genevieve R. Herrell's service as a civilian nurse for the US Army assigned to the White House. The collection documents her service beginning with the Harry S. Truman administration until her retirement when Gerald Ford left office in 1977.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, cards, notes, ephemera, photographs, and souvenirs documenting Genevieve R. Herrell's service as a civilian nurse for the US Army assigned to the White House. The collection documents her service beginning with the Harry S. Truman administration until her retirement when Gerald Ford left office in 1977."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing"],"names_coll_ssim":["White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008"],"persname_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William"],"language_ssim":["The majority of the materials in the collection are in English. There are some items in Mandarin."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":723,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4652.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Herrell, Genevieve R., Collection","title_ssm":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection"],"title_tesim":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1929-1997","1952-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1952-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"text":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977","Ms.2026.066","/repositories/2/resources/4652","Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family","Presidents -- United States","Medicine","White House (Washington, D.C.)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into eleven series.","Series I: Herrell Family includes documents, photogrpahs, and correspondence related to the Herrell family. The series has six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Genevieve Herrell includes items related to Genevieve's education, achievements, and personal life. It is further divided into two sub-series:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Awards and Certificates\nSub-Subseries II: Personal Correspondence\n\nSubseries II: Calvin Brooke Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's husband.\nSubseries III: Gregory Raders Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's son.\nSubseries IV: Photographs includes family photographs.\nSubseries V: Recipes includes recipes not linked to specific presidential administrations.\nSubseries VI: Souvenirs includes souvenirs not linked to specific presidential administrations.","Series II: White House Medical Unit includes materials related to Genevieve's work as part of the White House Medical Unit. It has four subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Staff Materials\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Press Coverage","Series III through X are focused on materials from specific presidential administrations. Each has up to seven subseries depending on the materials in the collection.","Series III: Truman (1945-1953) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.","Series IV: Eisenhower (1953-1961) includes six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Press Coverage\nSubseries VI: Campaign Material","Series V: Kennedy (1961-1963) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Campaign Material","Series VI: Johnson (1963-1969) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Recipes","Series VII: Nixon (1969-1974) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel which has eight subseries:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Brussels, U.K., Germany, Italy, France (1969)\nSub-Subseries II: Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, India, Pakistan, Romania (1969)\nSub-Subseries III: China (1972)\nSub-Subseries IV: Austria, U.S.S.R., Iran, Poland (1972)\nSub-Subseries V: Austria (1974)\nSub-Subseries VI: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel, and Jordan (1974)\nSub-Subseries VII: North Atlantic Council meeting, Brussels (1974)\nSub-Subseries VIII: Moscow Summit (1974)\n\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material\nSubseries VIII: Recipes","Series VIII: Ford (1974-1977) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VI: Press Coverage\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material","Series IX: Reagan (1981-1989) includes Events and Invitations materials from the Reagan White House.","Series X: Bush (1989-1993) includes Correspondence and Campaign Material.","Series XI: Unknown Administration includes undated items that could not be linked to a specific presidential administration.","Genevieve Margaret Raders was born 22 September 1916 in Lena, Illinois and died 03 September 2013 in Kingsport, Tennessee. Genevieve's parents were Edwin Hugo Raders (1884-1956) and (Agnes) Margaret Gaffney (1881-1918). Her father worked as a farmer. She married Calvin Brooke Herrell (1913-1991) in December 1942 and they had one son, Gregory Raders Herrell, in July 1953.","\"[Genevieve] Herrell loved nursing and began her career as a stewardess nurse on the railroad. During this time, she met Cal Herrell in 1942 as he traveled home to be inducted into the Army. They secretly married in December 1942 and settled in Virginia after the war. In 1952, Herrell, then a civilian nurse for the [United States] Army, received an assignment that would change her life: to assist in the care of Margaret Wallace, Harry S. Truman's mother-in-law, who often stayed at the White House. This initial role evolved into a position with the White House Medical Unit, where Herrell would serve until Gerald Ford left office and she retired on December 31, 1976.\"","--Source: Puckett, E. M. (2024, Fall-Winter). The presidents' caregiver: Virginia Tech alumnus donates mother's unique collection, offering private glimpses into presidential history. Imagine: University Libraries at Virginia Tech, 6(2), 22–23.","\"Over a span of two hundred and seventeen years the medical care of the president has shifted from episodic to permanent, informal to formal, civilian to military, and individual to bureaucratic. Emphasis has been redirected from the medical response to an acute illness or a medical emergency towards the maintenance and improvement of the president's baseline health status. Additionally, the responsibilities of the WHMU [White House Medical Unit] physicians have proliferated. These include the medical management of the explosive growth of foreign and domestic presidential travel, the continuous care of the vice president and his family, the demands of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, increased public scrutiny and the extraordinary security requirements of the protracted global war on terror.\"\n--Source: Deppisch, L. M. (2007). The White House physician : a history from Washington to George W. Bush. McFarland \u0026 Company, p. 201.","The first White House physician was Dr. Samuel Bard during the administration of George Washington. From that time until the 1920s, physicians treated presidents for specific instances of illness. In the 1920s, an official government position \"White House Physician\" was created, formalizing a role that Dr. Presley Rixey had performed for around 20 years","Over time, the physician role evolved from treatment of specific instances of illness to oversight of the president's general heath. It then continued to expand to include medical care for the president's family. After the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted, the physician gained responsibility for proper implementation of its provisions regarding presidential disability and succession. Following this, medical care was extended to the vice president and vice president's family.","Eventually, the medical responsibilities within the White House grew beyond the ability of one person to satisfy. The White House Medical Unit was eventually formed to see to the medical care of the president, vice president, and their families. The White House Medical Unit would later add responsibility for medical care of diplomats and foreign leaders visiting the White House as well as rapid emergency medical care for any White House staff or visitors.","The guide to the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was completed in June 2026.","The Genevieve R. Herrell Collection includes documents related to Herrell's family and career. The majority of the collection is focused on her time working in the White House Medical Unit and her interactions with United States Presidents and their families.","The family materials include personal correspondence, awards, photographs, and documents related to Herrell's husband and son.","The career documents include items specific to the White House Medical Unit as well as items related to her work during the presidential administrations of Harry Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Gerald Ford. There are also some items related to presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.","The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","Crewdson, Robert L., and Prince William County (Va). Historical Commission. Crossroads of the Past : A History of Haymarket, Virginia. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1982.","Jensen, Amy La Follette, et al. Paintings in the White House : A Close-Up. [Westinghouse Broadcasting Company], 1965.","Seeley, Mary Evans. Season's Greetings from the White House. A Presidential Christmas, 2007.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Correspondence, cards, notes, ephemera, photographs, and souvenirs documenting Genevieve R. Herrell's service as a civilian nurse for the US Army assigned to the White House. The collection documents her service beginning with the Harry S. Truman administration until her retirement when Gerald Ford left office in 1977.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William","The majority of the materials in the collection are in English. There are some items in Mandarin."],"collection_title_tesim":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"collection_ssim":["Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929/1997, bulk 1952/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2026.066","/repositories/2/resources/4652"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2026.066","/repositories/2/resources/4652"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family"],"geogname_ssim":["Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family"],"places_ssim":["Presidents--United States--Staff","Presidents' spouses--United States","Presidents--Family"],"creator_ssm":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","American Greetings Corporation","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","United States. White House Photographic Office","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","American Greetings Corporation","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","United States. White House Photographic Office","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing"],"creators_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives\nin September 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Presidents -- United States","Medicine","White House (Washington, D.C.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Presidents -- United States","Medicine","White House (Washington, D.C.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 11 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 11 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eleven series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Herrell Family\u003c/emph\u003e includes documents, photogrpahs, and correspondence related to the Herrell family. The series has six subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Genevieve Herrell\u003c/emph\u003e includes items related to Genevieve's education, achievements, and personal life. It is further divided into two sub-series:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries I: Awards and Certificates\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries II: Personal Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Calvin Brooke Herrell\u003c/emph\u003e includes documents related to Genevieve's husband.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Gregory Raders Herrell\u003c/emph\u003e includes documents related to Genevieve's son.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e includes family photographs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Recipes\u003c/emph\u003e includes recipes not linked to specific presidential administrations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VI: Souvenirs\u003c/emph\u003e includes souvenirs not linked to specific presidential administrations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: White House Medical Unit\u003c/emph\u003e includes materials related to Genevieve's work as part of the White House Medical Unit. It has four subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Staff Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Press Coverage\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III through X\u003c/emph\u003e are focused on materials from specific presidential administrations. Each has up to seven subseries depending on the materials in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Truman (1945-1953)\u003c/emph\u003e includes five subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Presidential Travel\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Eisenhower (1953-1961)\u003c/emph\u003e includes six subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Press Coverage\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VI: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Kennedy (1961-1963)\u003c/emph\u003e includes five subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VI: Johnson (1963-1969)\u003c/emph\u003e includes five subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Recipes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VII: Nixon (1969-1974)\u003c/emph\u003e includes seven subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Presidential Travel\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e which has eight subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries I: Brussels, U.K., Germany, Italy, France (1969)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries II: Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, India, Pakistan, Romania (1969)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries III: China (1972)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries IV: Austria, U.S.S.R., Iran, Poland (1972)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries V: Austria (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries VI: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel, and Jordan (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries VII: North Atlantic Council meeting, Brussels (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSub-Subseries VIII: Moscow Summit (1974)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VII: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VIII: Recipes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VIII: Ford (1974-1977)\u003c/emph\u003e includes seven subseries:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries I: Correspondence\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries II: Events and Invitations\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries III: Presidential Travel\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries IV: Photographs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia\u003c/emph\u003e which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VI: Press Coverage\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries VII: Campaign Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IX: Reagan (1981-1989)\u003c/emph\u003e includes Events and Invitations materials from the Reagan White House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries X: Bush (1989-1993)\u003c/emph\u003e includes Correspondence and Campaign Material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries XI: Unknown Administration\u003c/emph\u003e includes undated items that could not be linked to a specific presidential administration.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eleven series.","Series I: Herrell Family includes documents, photogrpahs, and correspondence related to the Herrell family. The series has six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Genevieve Herrell includes items related to Genevieve's education, achievements, and personal life. It is further divided into two sub-series:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Awards and Certificates\nSub-Subseries II: Personal Correspondence\n\nSubseries II: Calvin Brooke Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's husband.\nSubseries III: Gregory Raders Herrell includes documents related to Genevieve's son.\nSubseries IV: Photographs includes family photographs.\nSubseries V: Recipes includes recipes not linked to specific presidential administrations.\nSubseries VI: Souvenirs includes souvenirs not linked to specific presidential administrations.","Series II: White House Medical Unit includes materials related to Genevieve's work as part of the White House Medical Unit. It has four subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Staff Materials\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Press Coverage","Series III through X are focused on materials from specific presidential administrations. Each has up to seven subseries depending on the materials in the collection.","Series III: Truman (1945-1953) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.","Series IV: Eisenhower (1953-1961) includes six subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Press Coverage\nSubseries VI: Campaign Material","Series V: Kennedy (1961-1963) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Campaign Material","Series VI: Johnson (1963-1969) includes five subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Photographs\nSubseries IV: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries V: Recipes","Series VII: Nixon (1969-1974) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel which has eight subseries:\n\nSub-Subseries I: Brussels, U.K., Germany, Italy, France (1969)\nSub-Subseries II: Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, India, Pakistan, Romania (1969)\nSub-Subseries III: China (1972)\nSub-Subseries IV: Austria, U.S.S.R., Iran, Poland (1972)\nSub-Subseries V: Austria (1974)\nSub-Subseries VI: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel, and Jordan (1974)\nSub-Subseries VII: North Atlantic Council meeting, Brussels (1974)\nSub-Subseries VIII: Moscow Summit (1974)\n\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material\nSubseries VIII: Recipes","Series VIII: Ford (1974-1977) includes seven subseries:\n\nSubseries I: Correspondence\nSubseries II: Events and Invitations\nSubseries III: Presidential Travel\nSubseries IV: Photographs\nSubseries V: Presidential Memorabilia which includes Christmas Gift Prints.\nSubseries VI: Press Coverage\nSubseries VII: Campaign Material","Series IX: Reagan (1981-1989) includes Events and Invitations materials from the Reagan White House.","Series X: Bush (1989-1993) includes Correspondence and Campaign Material.","Series XI: Unknown Administration includes undated items that could not be linked to a specific presidential administration."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGenevieve Margaret Raders was born 22 September 1916 in Lena, Illinois and died 03 September 2013 in Kingsport, Tennessee. Genevieve's parents were Edwin Hugo Raders (1884-1956) and (Agnes) Margaret Gaffney (1881-1918). Her father worked as a farmer. She married Calvin Brooke Herrell (1913-1991) in December 1942 and they had one son, Gregory Raders Herrell, in July 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"[Genevieve] Herrell loved nursing and began her career as a stewardess nurse on the railroad. During this time, she met Cal Herrell in 1942 as he traveled home to be inducted into the Army. They secretly married in December 1942 and settled in Virginia after the war. In 1952, Herrell, then a civilian nurse for the [United States] Army, received an assignment that would change her life: to assist in the care of Margaret Wallace, Harry S. Truman's mother-in-law, who often stayed at the White House. This initial role evolved into a position with the White House Medical Unit, where Herrell would serve until Gerald Ford left office and she retired on December 31, 1976.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e--Source: Puckett, E. M. (2024, Fall-Winter). The presidents' caregiver: Virginia Tech alumnus donates mother's unique collection, offering private glimpses into presidential history. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImagine: University Libraries at Virginia Tech, 6\u003c/emph\u003e(2), 22–23.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\"Over a span of two hundred and seventeen years the medical care of the president has shifted from episodic to permanent, informal to formal, civilian to military, and individual to bureaucratic. Emphasis has been redirected from the medical response to an acute illness or a medical emergency towards the maintenance and improvement of the president's baseline health status. Additionally, the responsibilities of the WHMU [White House Medical Unit] physicians have proliferated. These include the medical management of the explosive growth of foreign and domestic presidential travel, the continuous care of the vice president and his family, the demands of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, increased public scrutiny and the extraordinary security requirements of the protracted global war on terror.\"\n--Source: Deppisch, L. M. (2007). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe White House physician : a history from Washington to George W. Bush.\u003c/emph\u003e McFarland \u0026amp; Company, p. 201.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first White House physician was Dr. Samuel Bard during the administration of George Washington. From that time until the 1920s, physicians treated presidents for specific instances of illness. In the 1920s, an official government position \"White House Physician\" was created, formalizing a role that Dr. Presley Rixey had performed for around 20 years\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOver time, the physician role evolved from treatment of specific instances of illness to oversight of the president's general heath. It then continued to expand to include medical care for the president's family. After the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted, the physician gained responsibility for proper implementation of its provisions regarding presidential disability and succession. Following this, medical care was extended to the vice president and vice president's family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEventually, the medical responsibilities within the White House grew beyond the ability of one person to satisfy. The White House Medical Unit was eventually formed to see to the medical care of the president, vice president, and their families. The White House Medical Unit would later add responsibility for medical care of diplomats and foreign leaders visiting the White House as well as rapid emergency medical care for any White House staff or visitors.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Genevieve Margaret Raders was born 22 September 1916 in Lena, Illinois and died 03 September 2013 in Kingsport, Tennessee. Genevieve's parents were Edwin Hugo Raders (1884-1956) and (Agnes) Margaret Gaffney (1881-1918). Her father worked as a farmer. She married Calvin Brooke Herrell (1913-1991) in December 1942 and they had one son, Gregory Raders Herrell, in July 1953.","\"[Genevieve] Herrell loved nursing and began her career as a stewardess nurse on the railroad. During this time, she met Cal Herrell in 1942 as he traveled home to be inducted into the Army. They secretly married in December 1942 and settled in Virginia after the war. In 1952, Herrell, then a civilian nurse for the [United States] Army, received an assignment that would change her life: to assist in the care of Margaret Wallace, Harry S. Truman's mother-in-law, who often stayed at the White House. This initial role evolved into a position with the White House Medical Unit, where Herrell would serve until Gerald Ford left office and she retired on December 31, 1976.\"","--Source: Puckett, E. M. (2024, Fall-Winter). The presidents' caregiver: Virginia Tech alumnus donates mother's unique collection, offering private glimpses into presidential history. Imagine: University Libraries at Virginia Tech, 6(2), 22–23.","\"Over a span of two hundred and seventeen years the medical care of the president has shifted from episodic to permanent, informal to formal, civilian to military, and individual to bureaucratic. Emphasis has been redirected from the medical response to an acute illness or a medical emergency towards the maintenance and improvement of the president's baseline health status. Additionally, the responsibilities of the WHMU [White House Medical Unit] physicians have proliferated. These include the medical management of the explosive growth of foreign and domestic presidential travel, the continuous care of the vice president and his family, the demands of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, increased public scrutiny and the extraordinary security requirements of the protracted global war on terror.\"\n--Source: Deppisch, L. M. (2007). The White House physician : a history from Washington to George W. Bush. McFarland \u0026 Company, p. 201.","The first White House physician was Dr. Samuel Bard during the administration of George Washington. From that time until the 1920s, physicians treated presidents for specific instances of illness. In the 1920s, an official government position \"White House Physician\" was created, formalizing a role that Dr. Presley Rixey had performed for around 20 years","Over time, the physician role evolved from treatment of specific instances of illness to oversight of the president's general heath. It then continued to expand to include medical care for the president's family. After the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted, the physician gained responsibility for proper implementation of its provisions regarding presidential disability and succession. Following this, medical care was extended to the vice president and vice president's family.","Eventually, the medical responsibilities within the White House grew beyond the ability of one person to satisfy. The White House Medical Unit was eventually formed to see to the medical care of the president, vice president, and their families. The White House Medical Unit would later add responsibility for medical care of diplomats and foreign leaders visiting the White House as well as rapid emergency medical care for any White House staff or visitors."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929-1997 (bulk 1952-1977), Ms2026-066, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Genevieve R. Herrell Collection, 1929-1997 (bulk 1952-1977), Ms2026-066, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was completed in June 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Genevieve R. Herrell Collection was completed in June 2026."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Genevieve R. Herrell Collection includes documents related to Herrell's family and career. The majority of the collection is focused on her time working in the White House Medical Unit and her interactions with United States Presidents and their families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe family materials include personal correspondence, awards, photographs, and documents related to Herrell's husband and son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe career documents include items specific to the White House Medical Unit as well as items related to her work during the presidential administrations of Harry Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Gerald Ford. There are also some items related to presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Genevieve R. Herrell Collection includes documents related to Herrell's family and career. The majority of the collection is focused on her time working in the White House Medical Unit and her interactions with United States Presidents and their families.","The family materials include personal correspondence, awards, photographs, and documents related to Herrell's husband and son.","The career documents include items specific to the White House Medical Unit as well as items related to her work during the presidential administrations of Harry Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Gerald Ford. There are also some items related to presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrewdson, Robert L., and Prince William County (Va). Historical Commission. Crossroads of the Past : A History of Haymarket, Virginia. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJensen, Amy La Follette, et al. Paintings in the White House : A Close-Up. [Westinghouse Broadcasting Company], 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeeley, Mary Evans. Season's Greetings from the White House. A Presidential Christmas, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","Crewdson, Robert L., and Prince William County (Va). Historical Commission. Crossroads of the Past : A History of Haymarket, Virginia. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1982.","Jensen, Amy La Follette, et al. Paintings in the White House : A Close-Up. [Westinghouse Broadcasting Company], 1965.","Seeley, Mary Evans. Season's Greetings from the White House. A Presidential Christmas, 2007."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6fed7c5c95fde00069969e7951aea74c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCorrespondence, cards, notes, ephemera, photographs, and souvenirs documenting Genevieve R. Herrell's service as a civilian nurse for the US Army assigned to the White House. The collection documents her service beginning with the Harry S. Truman administration until her retirement when Gerald Ford left office in 1977.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, cards, notes, ephemera, photographs, and souvenirs documenting Genevieve R. Herrell's service as a civilian nurse for the US Army assigned to the White House. The collection documents her service beginning with the Harry S. Truman administration until her retirement when Gerald Ford left office in 1977."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing"],"names_coll_ssim":["White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008"],"persname_ssim":["Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Greetings Corporation","Hallmark Cards, Inc.","United States. White House Photographic Office","White House Medical Unit (U.S.)","White House Police Force (U. S.)","Min zu fan dian","United States. Army. Special Photographic Office","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Herrell, Genevieve R.  (Genevieve Raders), 1916-2013","Herrell, Calvin B., Sgt. (Calvin Brooke), 1913-1991","Herrell, Gregory Raders, 1953-","Cox, Patricia Nixon, 1946-","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Eisenhower, Julie Nixon","Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 1896-1979","Ford, Betty, 1918-2011","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Johnson, Lady Bird, 1912-2007","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963","Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994","Nixon, Pat, 1912-1993","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Nugent, Luci Baines Johnson","Truman, Bess Wallace","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Truman, Margaret, 1924-2008","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-2024","Carter, Rosalynn","Cox, Edward Finch, 1946-","Eisenhower, David, 1948-","Ford, Gayle Brumbaugh, 1951-","Ford, Jack (John Gardner), 1952-","Ford, Michael Gerald, 1950-","Ford, Steven, 1956-","Ford, Susan, 1957-","Robb, Lynda Bird, 1944-","Tkach, Walter Robert, 1917-1989","Graham, Wallace Harry, M.D., Maj. Gen., 1910-1996","Burkley, George G. (George Gregory), 1902-1991","Woods, Rose Mary, 1917-2005","Snyder, Howard McC. (Howard McCrumb), 1881-1970","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Knudsen, Robert L. (Robert LeRoy), 1929-1989","Grove, Andrew","Thomas, Ricardo","Atkins, Oliver","Schumacher, Karl","Kempton, Greta, 1903-1991","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Rowe, Abbie Alpheus, 1905-1967","Smith, William J., 1942-2021","Horst, 1906-1999","Gaylin, George","Volz, Willard","Stephens, Thomas E., 1885-1966","Stoughton, Cecil W.","Lehman, Edward","Geissinger, Michael A.","Schonbrunn, S.M.","Laessig, Robert E.","Schumaker, Byron","Kightlinger, Jack, 1932-2009","Moore, Robert","Bachrach, Louis F., Jr.","Kennerly, David H.","Fitz-Patrick, William"],"language_ssim":["The majority of the materials in the collection are in English. There are some items in Mandarin."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":723,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4652"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2001.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Di Carlo, Guy, Jr., Civil War Research Papers","title_ssm":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers"],"title_tesim":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-2002, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2002, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002"],"text":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002","Ms.1995.015","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged by subject matter.","The guide to the  Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the original donation from the Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers commenced and was completed by student volunteers in 1996. Additional description was completed several times between 2003 and 2009 as more materials were donated.","The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics. The collection also contains audio and videocassettes from Civil War events and television. Many of these are homemade.","Please Note: Civil War Round Table is abbreviated as CWRT throughout the inventory.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics.","Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002"],"collection_ssim":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.015"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.015"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers were donated to Special Collections in April 1995. Additional materials were donated in 2003, 2004, 2006, and 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25.2 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["25.2 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by subject matter."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the original donation from the Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers commenced and was completed by student volunteers in 1996. Additional description was completed several times between 2003 and 2009 as more materials were donated.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the original donation from the Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers commenced and was completed by student volunteers in 1996. Additional description was completed several times between 2003 and 2009 as more materials were donated."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics. The collection also contains audio and videocassettes from Civil War events and television. Many of these are homemade. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Civil War Round Table is abbreviated as CWRT throughout the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics. The collection also contains audio and videocassettes from Civil War events and television. Many of these are homemade.","Please Note: Civil War Round Table is abbreviated as CWRT throughout the inventory."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5b686835a82934e584ae474641fc0fd0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_39a1684f1639fb1b456ef90e2abd17fe\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":513,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2001.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Di Carlo, Guy, Jr., Civil War Research Papers","title_ssm":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers"],"title_tesim":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-2002, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2002, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002"],"text":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002","Ms.1995.015","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged by subject matter.","The guide to the  Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the original donation from the Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers commenced and was completed by student volunteers in 1996. Additional description was completed several times between 2003 and 2009 as more materials were donated.","The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics. The collection also contains audio and videocassettes from Civil War events and television. Many of these are homemade.","Please Note: Civil War Round Table is abbreviated as CWRT throughout the inventory.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics.","Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002"],"collection_ssim":["Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, 1862/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.015"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.015"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers were donated to Special Collections in April 1995. Additional materials were donated in 2003, 2004, 2006, and 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25.2 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["25.2 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by subject matter."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers, Ms1995-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the original donation from the Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers commenced and was completed by student volunteers in 1996. Additional description was completed several times between 2003 and 2009 as more materials were donated.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the original donation from the Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers commenced and was completed by student volunteers in 1996. Additional description was completed several times between 2003 and 2009 as more materials were donated."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics. The collection also contains audio and videocassettes from Civil War events and television. Many of these are homemade. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Civil War Round Table is abbreviated as CWRT throughout the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics. The collection also contains audio and videocassettes from Civil War events and television. Many of these are homemade.","Please Note: Civil War Round Table is abbreviated as CWRT throughout the inventory."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5b686835a82934e584ae474641fc0fd0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Guy Di Carlo, Jr., Civil War Research Papers consist of newsletters, newspapers clippings, photographs, newspapers articles, photocopies from published literature, maps, and calendars, related to American Civil War topics."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_39a1684f1639fb1b456ef90e2abd17fe\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Di Carlo, Guy, Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":513,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2001"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Snead, Bess Duvall White","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White (1837-1889) to his wife, Mary Virginia \"Jinnie\" Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2047.xml","title_filing_ssi":"White, Isaac, Letters","title_ssm":["Isaac White Letters"],"title_tesim":["Isaac White Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1938"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1938"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1938"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938"],"text":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938","Ms.1997.013","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection, with complete transcripts, has been digitized and is available online.","This collection is arranged chronologically.","Isaac White was born in Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1837. He graduated in 1859 from the Medical College of Virginia. He married Mary Virginia Day (1840-1922) on November 6, 1860. He and Mary bore two sons, John Day White (1864-1923), and George White.","During the American Civil War on May 27, 1861, White was commissioned as an assistant surgeon in the Virginia Active Volunteer Forces, with the rank of captain. He was appointed as an assistant surgeon in the Confederate Army on September 2, 1861, and served in the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment until his resignation on December 6, 1861. On May 13, 1862, he was appointed a major in the 29th Virginia Infantry Regiment, effective until his resignation on October 18, 1862. He served as acting assistant surgeon in Montgomery White Sulphur Springs Hospital (a resort before and after the war) in Montgomery County, Virginia, from September 8, 1862, until January 8, 1863. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the 62nd Virginia Regiment Mounted Infantry on March 24, 1863. It is unknown when he ended his service with this regiment. White was captured on December 10, 1864, and taken as a prisoner of war, until he was released at Camp Hamilton, Virginia, on January 6, 1865.","After the war, White was a resident physician at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs and Allegheny Springs resorts, and wrote for the Lynchburg and Richmond newspapers describing the history and social conditions of the local resorts as they were in the their glory days. Isaac White died on August 3, 1889, at his home in Shawsville, Virginia, and is buried in the family graveyard on the property.","The guide to the Isaac White Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac White Letters commenced and was completed in 1998. Additional description was completed in 2009.","The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White to his wife, Mary Virginia Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. He refers to her as Jinnie in the letters. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, Isaac White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White (1837-1889) to his wife, Mary Virginia \"Jinnie\" Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938"],"collection_ssim":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.013"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1997.013"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889"],"creator_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box, 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/184\"\u003eThe collection, with complete transcripts, has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The collection, with complete transcripts, has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIsaac White was born in Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1837. He graduated in 1859 from the Medical College of Virginia. He married Mary Virginia Day (1840-1922) on November 6, 1860. He and Mary bore two sons, John Day White (1864-1923), and George White. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War on May 27, 1861, White was commissioned as an assistant surgeon in the Virginia Active Volunteer Forces, with the rank of captain. He was appointed as an assistant surgeon in the Confederate Army on September 2, 1861, and served in the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment until his resignation on December 6, 1861. On May 13, 1862, he was appointed a major in the 29th Virginia Infantry Regiment, effective until his resignation on October 18, 1862. He served as acting assistant surgeon in Montgomery White Sulphur Springs Hospital (a resort before and after the war) in Montgomery County, Virginia, from September 8, 1862, until January 8, 1863. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the 62nd Virginia Regiment Mounted Infantry on March 24, 1863. It is unknown when he ended his service with this regiment. White was captured on December 10, 1864, and taken as a prisoner of war, until he was released at Camp Hamilton, Virginia, on January 6, 1865. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, White was a resident physician at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs and Allegheny Springs resorts, and wrote for the Lynchburg and Richmond newspapers describing the history and social conditions of the local resorts as they were in the their glory days. Isaac White died on August 3, 1889, at his home in Shawsville, Virginia, and is buried in the family graveyard on the property.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Isaac White was born in Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1837. He graduated in 1859 from the Medical College of Virginia. He married Mary Virginia Day (1840-1922) on November 6, 1860. He and Mary bore two sons, John Day White (1864-1923), and George White.","During the American Civil War on May 27, 1861, White was commissioned as an assistant surgeon in the Virginia Active Volunteer Forces, with the rank of captain. He was appointed as an assistant surgeon in the Confederate Army on September 2, 1861, and served in the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment until his resignation on December 6, 1861. On May 13, 1862, he was appointed a major in the 29th Virginia Infantry Regiment, effective until his resignation on October 18, 1862. He served as acting assistant surgeon in Montgomery White Sulphur Springs Hospital (a resort before and after the war) in Montgomery County, Virginia, from September 8, 1862, until January 8, 1863. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the 62nd Virginia Regiment Mounted Infantry on March 24, 1863. It is unknown when he ended his service with this regiment. White was captured on December 10, 1864, and taken as a prisoner of war, until he was released at Camp Hamilton, Virginia, on January 6, 1865.","After the war, White was a resident physician at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs and Allegheny Springs resorts, and wrote for the Lynchburg and Richmond newspapers describing the history and social conditions of the local resorts as they were in the their glory days. Isaac White died on August 3, 1889, at his home in Shawsville, Virginia, and is buried in the family graveyard on the property."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Isaac White Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Isaac White Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac White Letters, Ms1997-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac White Letters, Ms1997-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac White Letters commenced and was completed in 1998. Additional description was completed in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac White Letters commenced and was completed in 1998. Additional description was completed in 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White to his wife, Mary Virginia Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. He refers to her as Jinnie in the letters. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, Isaac White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White to his wife, Mary Virginia Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. He refers to her as Jinnie in the letters. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, Isaac White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_72c4cfebba2b7a2a6e5a0698ef3c4a55\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White (1837-1889) to his wife, Mary Virginia \"Jinnie\" Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White (1837-1889) to his wife, Mary Virginia \"Jinnie\" Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"names_coll_ssim":["White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2047.xml","title_filing_ssi":"White, Isaac, Letters","title_ssm":["Isaac White Letters"],"title_tesim":["Isaac White Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1938"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1938"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1938"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938"],"text":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938","Ms.1997.013","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection, with complete transcripts, has been digitized and is available online.","This collection is arranged chronologically.","Isaac White was born in Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1837. He graduated in 1859 from the Medical College of Virginia. He married Mary Virginia Day (1840-1922) on November 6, 1860. He and Mary bore two sons, John Day White (1864-1923), and George White.","During the American Civil War on May 27, 1861, White was commissioned as an assistant surgeon in the Virginia Active Volunteer Forces, with the rank of captain. He was appointed as an assistant surgeon in the Confederate Army on September 2, 1861, and served in the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment until his resignation on December 6, 1861. On May 13, 1862, he was appointed a major in the 29th Virginia Infantry Regiment, effective until his resignation on October 18, 1862. He served as acting assistant surgeon in Montgomery White Sulphur Springs Hospital (a resort before and after the war) in Montgomery County, Virginia, from September 8, 1862, until January 8, 1863. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the 62nd Virginia Regiment Mounted Infantry on March 24, 1863. It is unknown when he ended his service with this regiment. White was captured on December 10, 1864, and taken as a prisoner of war, until he was released at Camp Hamilton, Virginia, on January 6, 1865.","After the war, White was a resident physician at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs and Allegheny Springs resorts, and wrote for the Lynchburg and Richmond newspapers describing the history and social conditions of the local resorts as they were in the their glory days. Isaac White died on August 3, 1889, at his home in Shawsville, Virginia, and is buried in the family graveyard on the property.","The guide to the Isaac White Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac White Letters commenced and was completed in 1998. Additional description was completed in 2009.","The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White to his wife, Mary Virginia Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. He refers to her as Jinnie in the letters. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, Isaac White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White (1837-1889) to his wife, Mary Virginia \"Jinnie\" Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938"],"collection_ssim":["Isaac White Letters, 1861/1938"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.013"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1997.013"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889"],"creator_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box, 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/184\"\u003eThe collection, with complete transcripts, has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The collection, with complete transcripts, has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIsaac White was born in Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1837. He graduated in 1859 from the Medical College of Virginia. He married Mary Virginia Day (1840-1922) on November 6, 1860. He and Mary bore two sons, John Day White (1864-1923), and George White. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War on May 27, 1861, White was commissioned as an assistant surgeon in the Virginia Active Volunteer Forces, with the rank of captain. He was appointed as an assistant surgeon in the Confederate Army on September 2, 1861, and served in the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment until his resignation on December 6, 1861. On May 13, 1862, he was appointed a major in the 29th Virginia Infantry Regiment, effective until his resignation on October 18, 1862. He served as acting assistant surgeon in Montgomery White Sulphur Springs Hospital (a resort before and after the war) in Montgomery County, Virginia, from September 8, 1862, until January 8, 1863. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the 62nd Virginia Regiment Mounted Infantry on March 24, 1863. It is unknown when he ended his service with this regiment. White was captured on December 10, 1864, and taken as a prisoner of war, until he was released at Camp Hamilton, Virginia, on January 6, 1865. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, White was a resident physician at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs and Allegheny Springs resorts, and wrote for the Lynchburg and Richmond newspapers describing the history and social conditions of the local resorts as they were in the their glory days. Isaac White died on August 3, 1889, at his home in Shawsville, Virginia, and is buried in the family graveyard on the property.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Isaac White was born in Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1837. He graduated in 1859 from the Medical College of Virginia. He married Mary Virginia Day (1840-1922) on November 6, 1860. He and Mary bore two sons, John Day White (1864-1923), and George White.","During the American Civil War on May 27, 1861, White was commissioned as an assistant surgeon in the Virginia Active Volunteer Forces, with the rank of captain. He was appointed as an assistant surgeon in the Confederate Army on September 2, 1861, and served in the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment until his resignation on December 6, 1861. On May 13, 1862, he was appointed a major in the 29th Virginia Infantry Regiment, effective until his resignation on October 18, 1862. He served as acting assistant surgeon in Montgomery White Sulphur Springs Hospital (a resort before and after the war) in Montgomery County, Virginia, from September 8, 1862, until January 8, 1863. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the 62nd Virginia Regiment Mounted Infantry on March 24, 1863. It is unknown when he ended his service with this regiment. White was captured on December 10, 1864, and taken as a prisoner of war, until he was released at Camp Hamilton, Virginia, on January 6, 1865.","After the war, White was a resident physician at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs and Allegheny Springs resorts, and wrote for the Lynchburg and Richmond newspapers describing the history and social conditions of the local resorts as they were in the their glory days. Isaac White died on August 3, 1889, at his home in Shawsville, Virginia, and is buried in the family graveyard on the property."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Isaac White Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Isaac White Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac White Letters, Ms1997-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Isaac White Letters, Ms1997-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac White Letters commenced and was completed in 1998. Additional description was completed in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Isaac White Letters commenced and was completed in 1998. Additional description was completed in 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White to his wife, Mary Virginia Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. He refers to her as Jinnie in the letters. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, Isaac White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White to his wife, Mary Virginia Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. He refers to her as Jinnie in the letters. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, Isaac White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_72c4cfebba2b7a2a6e5a0698ef3c4a55\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White (1837-1889) to his wife, Mary Virginia \"Jinnie\" Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of letters written mostly by Isaac White (1837-1889) to his wife, Mary Virginia \"Jinnie\" Day White, while he served with the Confederate Army as an assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Many of the letters are written while encamped along the Shenandoah Valley. Other papers include literature gathered by Bess Duvall White Snead, White's grand-daughter, in her search for military information about Isaac White."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"names_coll_ssim":["White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Snead, Bess Duvall White","White, Isaac, 1837-1889","White, Mary Virginia Day, 1840-1922"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2047"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Tarter, James E., 1857-1921","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from about 1879 to 1941.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4003.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Tarter, James, Ledgers","title_ssm":["James Tarter Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["James Tarter Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1879-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1879-1941"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1879/1941"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941"],"text":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941","Ms.2022.061","Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type:","Series I: Ledgers, 1879-1887, 1890-1920, undated, includes ledgers and large record books.","Series II: Textbooks and Publications, 1885, 1890, 1906, 1910, 1920, includes textbooks and medical publications.","Series III: Account Books and Receipts, 1888-1931, includes account books and receipts.","Series IV: Physician Records and Personal Papers, 1889-1941, undated, includes other physician records and documents.","Series V: Ephemera, undated, includes medical ephemera and one photograph.","James Ephraim Tarter was born to Elijah Tarter and Catherine (Baker) Tarter in Wythe County, Virginia, on March 14, 1857. He married Letitia Virginia \"Lettie\" Gose in Wythe County on December 28, 1882, and they had at least 10 children. Tarter worked as a doctor in Southwest Virginia in the late 1800s and early 1900s. He was a member of the Southern Medical Association. He died in Wytheville on May 31, 1921.","Sources:","United State Censuses, 1900, 1910","\"James E. Tarter\", Virginia, U.S., Marriage Registers, 1853-1935. Wythe County, 1882. Ancestry.com Database. https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214.","Dr James E. Tarter. FindAGrave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter.","The guide to the James Tarter Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the James Tarter Ledgers was completed in October 2022. The ledger for 1879-1881 was added in October 2023.","This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from roughly 1879 to 1941. Materials include ledgers, doctor's record books, textbooks, receipts and checkbooks, medical publications, medical equipment, and one photograph. Tarter's record books list patients treated and some include information about diseases as well as records of patient treatments, births, and deaths.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from about 1879 to 1941.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tarter, James E., 1857-1921","The materials in this collection are written in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941"],"collection_ssim":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.061"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.061"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"creator_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in two accruals in 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.8 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.8 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Ledgers, 1879-1887, 1890-1920, undated, includes ledgers and large record books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Textbooks and Publications, 1885, 1890, 1906, 1910, 1920, includes textbooks and medical publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Account Books and Receipts, 1888-1931, includes account books and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Physician Records and Personal Papers, 1889-1941, undated, includes other physician records and documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Ephemera, undated, includes medical ephemera and one photograph.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type:","Series I: Ledgers, 1879-1887, 1890-1920, undated, includes ledgers and large record books.","Series II: Textbooks and Publications, 1885, 1890, 1906, 1910, 1920, includes textbooks and medical publications.","Series III: Account Books and Receipts, 1888-1931, includes account books and receipts.","Series IV: Physician Records and Personal Papers, 1889-1941, undated, includes other physician records and documents.","Series V: Ephemera, undated, includes medical ephemera and one photograph."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Ephraim Tarter was born to Elijah Tarter and Catherine (Baker) Tarter in Wythe County, Virginia, on March 14, 1857. He married Letitia Virginia \"Lettie\" Gose in Wythe County on December 28, 1882, and they had at least 10 children. Tarter worked as a doctor in Southwest Virginia in the late 1800s and early 1900s. He was a member of the Southern Medical Association. He died in Wytheville on May 31, 1921.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited State Censuses, 1900, 1910\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"James E. Tarter\", Virginia, U.S., Marriage Registers, 1853-1935. Wythe County, 1882. Ancestry.com Database. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr James E. Tarter. FindAGrave. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Ephraim Tarter was born to Elijah Tarter and Catherine (Baker) Tarter in Wythe County, Virginia, on March 14, 1857. He married Letitia Virginia \"Lettie\" Gose in Wythe County on December 28, 1882, and they had at least 10 children. Tarter worked as a doctor in Southwest Virginia in the late 1800s and early 1900s. He was a member of the Southern Medical Association. He died in Wytheville on May 31, 1921.","Sources:","United State Censuses, 1900, 1910","\"James E. Tarter\", Virginia, U.S., Marriage Registers, 1853-1935. Wythe County, 1882. Ancestry.com Database. https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214.","Dr James E. Tarter. FindAGrave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James Tarter Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James Tarter Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James Tarter Ledgers, 1879-1941, Ms2022-061, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James Tarter Ledgers, 1879-1941, Ms2022-061, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the James Tarter Ledgers was completed in October 2022. The ledger for 1879-1881 was added in October 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the James Tarter Ledgers was completed in October 2022. The ledger for 1879-1881 was added in October 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from roughly 1879 to 1941. Materials include ledgers, doctor's record books, textbooks, receipts and checkbooks, medical publications, medical equipment, and one photograph. Tarter's record books list patients treated and some include information about diseases as well as records of patient treatments, births, and deaths.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from roughly 1879 to 1941. Materials include ledgers, doctor's record books, textbooks, receipts and checkbooks, medical publications, medical equipment, and one photograph. Tarter's record books list patients treated and some include information about diseases as well as records of patient treatments, births, and deaths."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5c990b16aa12177f347bf2fd001713e3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from about 1879 to 1941.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from about 1879 to 1941."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are written in English."],"total_component_count_is":39,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4003.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Tarter, James, Ledgers","title_ssm":["James Tarter Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["James Tarter Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1879-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1879-1941"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1879/1941"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941"],"text":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941","Ms.2022.061","Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type:","Series I: Ledgers, 1879-1887, 1890-1920, undated, includes ledgers and large record books.","Series II: Textbooks and Publications, 1885, 1890, 1906, 1910, 1920, includes textbooks and medical publications.","Series III: Account Books and Receipts, 1888-1931, includes account books and receipts.","Series IV: Physician Records and Personal Papers, 1889-1941, undated, includes other physician records and documents.","Series V: Ephemera, undated, includes medical ephemera and one photograph.","James Ephraim Tarter was born to Elijah Tarter and Catherine (Baker) Tarter in Wythe County, Virginia, on March 14, 1857. He married Letitia Virginia \"Lettie\" Gose in Wythe County on December 28, 1882, and they had at least 10 children. Tarter worked as a doctor in Southwest Virginia in the late 1800s and early 1900s. He was a member of the Southern Medical Association. He died in Wytheville on May 31, 1921.","Sources:","United State Censuses, 1900, 1910","\"James E. Tarter\", Virginia, U.S., Marriage Registers, 1853-1935. Wythe County, 1882. Ancestry.com Database. https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214.","Dr James E. Tarter. FindAGrave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter.","The guide to the James Tarter Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the James Tarter Ledgers was completed in October 2022. The ledger for 1879-1881 was added in October 2023.","This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from roughly 1879 to 1941. Materials include ledgers, doctor's record books, textbooks, receipts and checkbooks, medical publications, medical equipment, and one photograph. Tarter's record books list patients treated and some include information about diseases as well as records of patient treatments, births, and deaths.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from about 1879 to 1941.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tarter, James E., 1857-1921","The materials in this collection are written in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941"],"collection_ssim":["James Tarter Ledgers, 1879/1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.061"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.061"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Bland County (Va.)","Wythe County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"creator_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in two accruals in 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.8 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.8 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Ledgers, 1879-1887, 1890-1920, undated, includes ledgers and large record books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Textbooks and Publications, 1885, 1890, 1906, 1910, 1920, includes textbooks and medical publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Account Books and Receipts, 1888-1931, includes account books and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Physician Records and Personal Papers, 1889-1941, undated, includes other physician records and documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Ephemera, undated, includes medical ephemera and one photograph.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type:","Series I: Ledgers, 1879-1887, 1890-1920, undated, includes ledgers and large record books.","Series II: Textbooks and Publications, 1885, 1890, 1906, 1910, 1920, includes textbooks and medical publications.","Series III: Account Books and Receipts, 1888-1931, includes account books and receipts.","Series IV: Physician Records and Personal Papers, 1889-1941, undated, includes other physician records and documents.","Series V: Ephemera, undated, includes medical ephemera and one photograph."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Ephraim Tarter was born to Elijah Tarter and Catherine (Baker) Tarter in Wythe County, Virginia, on March 14, 1857. He married Letitia Virginia \"Lettie\" Gose in Wythe County on December 28, 1882, and they had at least 10 children. Tarter worked as a doctor in Southwest Virginia in the late 1800s and early 1900s. He was a member of the Southern Medical Association. He died in Wytheville on May 31, 1921.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited State Censuses, 1900, 1910\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"James E. Tarter\", Virginia, U.S., Marriage Registers, 1853-1935. Wythe County, 1882. Ancestry.com Database. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr James E. Tarter. FindAGrave. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Ephraim Tarter was born to Elijah Tarter and Catherine (Baker) Tarter in Wythe County, Virginia, on March 14, 1857. He married Letitia Virginia \"Lettie\" Gose in Wythe County on December 28, 1882, and they had at least 10 children. Tarter worked as a doctor in Southwest Virginia in the late 1800s and early 1900s. He was a member of the Southern Medical Association. He died in Wytheville on May 31, 1921.","Sources:","United State Censuses, 1900, 1910","\"James E. Tarter\", Virginia, U.S., Marriage Registers, 1853-1935. Wythe County, 1882. Ancestry.com Database. https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1012304:60214.","Dr James E. Tarter. FindAGrave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195794386/james-e.-tarter."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James Tarter Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James Tarter Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James Tarter Ledgers, 1879-1941, Ms2022-061, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James Tarter Ledgers, 1879-1941, Ms2022-061, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the James Tarter Ledgers was completed in October 2022. The ledger for 1879-1881 was added in October 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the James Tarter Ledgers was completed in October 2022. The ledger for 1879-1881 was added in October 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from roughly 1879 to 1941. Materials include ledgers, doctor's record books, textbooks, receipts and checkbooks, medical publications, medical equipment, and one photograph. Tarter's record books list patients treated and some include information about diseases as well as records of patient treatments, births, and deaths.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from roughly 1879 to 1941. Materials include ledgers, doctor's record books, textbooks, receipts and checkbooks, medical publications, medical equipment, and one photograph. Tarter's record books list patients treated and some include information about diseases as well as records of patient treatments, births, and deaths."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5c990b16aa12177f347bf2fd001713e3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from about 1879 to 1941.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains financial documents, personal records, and ephemera related to the medical practice of Dr. James E. Tarter of Wytheville, Virginia, from about 1879 to 1941."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tarter, James E., 1857-1921"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are written in English."],"total_component_count_is":39,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4003"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":12},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Medicine\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","value":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Medicine\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Washington+and+Lee+University%2C+Leyburn+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","value":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Medicine\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Medicine\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Arthur B. 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