{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Letters+%28correspondence%29\u0026page=28\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Letters+%28correspondence%29\u0026page=27\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Letters+%28correspondence%29\u0026page=29\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Letters+%28correspondence%29\u0026page=47\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":28,"next_page":29,"prev_page":27,"total_pages":47,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":270,"total_count":461,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1010#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1010#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2007.77 consist of thirteen letters, 1942-1944, written by Polish-Lithuanian Princess Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon Sapieha-Kodenski (b. 1894) while residing in the United States during the World War II period. Her outgoing correspondence written from Pennsylvania and Florida document the perspective of a Polish American during the wartime period. Her letters express explicit anti-Semitic views, distaste for Bolshevism, Nazism, the fate of Poland, the lack of Allied help given to Poland, emerging details about the Nazi Holocaust, and her life in the United States. Matilda married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935. Acc. 2010.137 consists of a set of 3 records recorded by Matilda Sapieha under the name Princess Ilda Sapieha: Old Budapest Is Singing. The inside cover of the set is signed \"Matilda Sapieha.\" Also included is a CD containing the content of the records. For a more detailed description of the recording and list of titles, provided by the donor is available.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1010#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1010.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda, Papers","title_ssm":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"title_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1944"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01193","/repositories/2/resources/1010"],"text":["SC 01193","/repositories/2/resources/1010","Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers","Antisemitism","Emigration and immigration--20th century","Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Poland--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935. Prior to 1942 the couple fled Europe to escape the Nazi advance into Eastern Europe. They relocated to Pennsylvania and spent part of their time in Florida.","Processing began by Tramia Jackson in 2007 and finished by Zach Jones in 2007.","Acc. 2007.77 consist of thirteen letters, 1942-1944, written by Polish-Lithuanian Princess Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon Sapieha-Kodenski (b. 1894) while residing in the United States during the World War II period. Her outgoing correspondence written from Pennsylvania and Florida document the perspective of a Polish American during the wartime period. Her letters express explicit anti-Semitic views, distaste for Bolshevism, Nazism, the fate of Poland, the lack of Allied help given to Poland, emerging details about the Nazi Holocaust, and her life in the United States. Matilda married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935.\nAcc. 2010.137 consists of a set of 3 records recorded by Matilda Sapieha under the name Princess Ilda Sapieha: Old Budapest Is Singing. The inside cover of the set is signed \"Matilda Sapieha.\"  Also included is a CD containing the content of the records.  For a more detailed description of the recording and list of titles, provided by the donor is available.","Item 1: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1942 or 1943 January 30","Have not written because of husband's angina heart attack; husband had the attack on the train and it had to stop at Elkten where he was carried off to a local hospital for treatment by a fiendish head nurse; went to Johns Hopkins hospital for further treatment for a week; snowed in at home; mentions Germans holding and exterminating Poles at 24 concentration camps; will hold a piano recital for the Navy Hospital Signed Wladislaw Sapieha (?)","Item 2: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1943 February 12","Cleans and takes care of children; comments on the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the spread of the Bolshevism as happening after the conquest of Germany; Believes that the Jews are apart of the cause of the spread of Bolshevism; comments on civilization [and Germany especially] being led by ambitious men; comments against progress and the effects of the industrial revolution and reforms; comments on Russian character as arrogant, ambitious; explains that peace and the end of war as an illusion if Russia remains powerful; hopes allies can counter Russian conquest of the Baltics and Poland; Says Jews are trying to help spread Bolshevism and destroy and denounce the nobility; likes Americans but remarks on poor leadership; hopes to return to her husband’s Polish landholdings and cattle farm after the war.","Item 3: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, possibly 1943 March 24","Laments over the fact that the clippings the recipient sent to Matilda Sapieha show that Churchill has forgotten Poland; worried that the Russians will take over Europe and Poland as the Germans had; hopes that America will be Poland's salvation; learning to cook and must ration the food; tried to make egg sandwiches for Senator Pepper and his wife but burned them; Senator sent two dozen eggs the next day; Countess Szechenyi visited her; husband is doing better; the weather is cold and snowy; wishes to go to Florida; misses her son who is in the Montgomery Army.","Item 4: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], 1943 April 10","Received a ration card from the recipient and was able to purchase 5 pounds of sugar; comments on the fact that they are doing more domestic work out of self-preservation instinct; complains about her hands aching from washing and cleaning; mentions they are endeavoring to go to Florida the following winter; wish to go to Florida in September and find a home in Palm beach; weather where they are is cold and there are no leaves on the trees even though it is April; will be staying at their current home until June 10, then they will move to a new home in Newport for the Summer, arranged by their friends; mentions retired Senator George Pepper who is a lawyer; reading books suggested by the recipient on Europe and are trying to get the book [Promoscha Conspirators?] book; do not like to go to the library in Philadelphia because they do not like the city; hopes military work will not take them from Florida; mentions mother broke her type writer and must write in cursive; thanks recipient for meatloaf recipe; asks what the recipient thinks about Russia; Sapieha is happy that the Americans will seek Justice for Peace; mentions the Peppers and receiving [soy] from Mrs. Firkelstein?; mentions not being acquainted with Synthetic food; heard she will have to wear certain tapes of suits and clothes after the war; asks when the war will end.","Item 5: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], Villanova. Broughton Lane Pennsylvania, December/November 6","Left Westport in November; Settled in a home in Villanova near a railway station and shopping center at Brynmar; when they left their previous home the cook stayed back, now they have a new old cook; Stayed with friend Gladys Szechenyi Vanderbilt before moving to Villanova; invited to many parties; heard about Germans making soaps and lubrications out of Jews; makes anti-Semitic; mentions a book by Dorothy Thompson called “Listen Hans” about Russia; laments over problems in Europe and does not want Jews to represent Poland in Europe; read the book on American civilization; wishes to set up an account at a library; practices piano; went to Columbia and Victors recordings but could not find aid because of their Jewish clientele; also mentions hardships of getting into Rubinstein or Rosenthal; is getting help from the Peabody in Baltimore and hopes to play a Concert there; has recitals in Newport; asked to perform by the Brush and Pen Club in New York but they would not give them money, therefore she can't go.","Item 6: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], May 14","Complains about her Rheumatism from the weather; receiving pills and injections from the doctor; leaving June 8th to Newport at Bellevue Avenue Wayside c/o Mr. Bruguiere/Rhode Island; comments on the war news and the collapse of the German army to resistance; went to lecture on the Polish/Russian question yesterday and comments on the similarity of appeasement between Russia and Hitler and the consequences; mentions the pro Bolshevik rhetoric of Benes and Check man as dangerous to post war problems; worries about Russian expansion; asks if recipient has read a book about Marshall Pilsudski.","Item 7: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July 9 ","Apologizes for the delayed letter because they were packing and unpacking; wants to go to Florida during the winter; asks about Palm Beach, Florida; house they stay in is large but falling apart; mentions the millionaires being worried about taxes and the upkeep of the house; helps weed the garden of Countess Rjechyi?; mentions the war and asks for her friend's opinion of it; mentions the death of Sikorsky?; found Polish help for the summer who has thirteen children; asks about Butts?; asks about Mrs. Norton; best regards to Mrs. Shepard.","Item 8: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July, 22? ","Discusses living in Rhode Island with the elderly rich widows trying to maintain their illusions of elite status; mentions her friend Gladys Szechenyi; location in America reminds her of her home and position in Europe before the curtain fell; wishes to return to Florida in autumn to visit recipients; asks for best wishes to Mrs. Shepherd; asks advice on gaining a house in Virginia.","Item 9: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient, 1943 August 19","Congratulating friends on the expectation of a baby; tired of taking care of the house; received a letter from Geraldine Norton? Who got her in touch with an agent in Virginia Beach; wants small bungalow to stay at before deciding; hope to see friends and baby in Daytona.","Item 10: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, 1944 February 17","Comments on the destructive spread of Bolshevism; comments on her correspondences last letter about her talk with the pseudo Russian; mentions Russian strategy of conquest must be stopped by allies; comments on how Germany caused the problems but may be better off after the war; comments on how the war was originally meant to be fought for small countries; mentions Mr. Bullitt's speech on Poland, believes that England will fail at trying to balance America and Russia against each other; hopes that England will keep its promises to Poland; complains about how everyone asks them about getting a job; trouble with coping with dealing with money [since they didn't have to worry about it before]; does not like humid North Carolina weather and wishes to move northward when they have more money to buy gas.","Item 11: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, December 26","Thanks her correspondences for Christmas and New Years wishes; would like to see them if it was not for the gasoline shortage; may give a recital in Daytona; mentions Mrs. Butts; she may give a recital at her current location or at Palm Beach; mentions that her hope for peace is ensured by Roosevelt; describes Roosevelt as a dreamer, but that he may be able to convince the other members of the United Nations to give up their lust for conquest and respect the smaller nations and their property; mentions that it would be an injustice if part of Poland was taken by Russia; Poles look to the American sense of justice; hopes that the Russians will not occupy Poland and harm more Poles after the mass-murder committed by the Germans; America is their only hope, they cannot depend on England who is concerned with itself; wishes her correspondences would come to Poland to visit their piano.","Item 12: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha, incomplete, undated","Delayed letter because of Mother Fabiea? Had a stroke that temporarily paralyzed her side; hope to get to Florida soon; asked friends not to mention stroke in their letter to the mother.","Item 13: Genealogical charts of the Mathilda Sapieha-Kodenski family (provided by Special Collections Staff)","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01193","/repositories/2/resources/1010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"creator_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"creators_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Antisemitism","Emigration and immigration--20th century","Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Poland--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Antisemitism","Emigration and immigration--20th century","Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Poland--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMatilda Sapieha-Kodenski married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935. Prior to 1942 the couple fled Europe to escape the Nazi advance into Eastern Europe. They relocated to Pennsylvania and spent part of their time in Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935. Prior to 1942 the couple fled Europe to escape the Nazi advance into Eastern Europe. They relocated to Pennsylvania and spent part of their time in Florida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMatilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing began by Tramia Jackson in 2007 and finished by Zach Jones in 2007.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing began by Tramia Jackson in 2007 and finished by Zach Jones in 2007."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2007.77 consist of thirteen letters, 1942-1944, written by Polish-Lithuanian Princess Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon Sapieha-Kodenski (b. 1894) while residing in the United States during the World War II period. Her outgoing correspondence written from Pennsylvania and Florida document the perspective of a Polish American during the wartime period. Her letters express explicit anti-Semitic views, distaste for Bolshevism, Nazism, the fate of Poland, the lack of Allied help given to Poland, emerging details about the Nazi Holocaust, and her life in the United States. Matilda married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935.\nAcc. 2010.137 consists of a set of 3 records recorded by Matilda Sapieha under the name Princess Ilda Sapieha: Old Budapest Is Singing. The inside cover of the set is signed \"Matilda Sapieha.\"  Also included is a CD containing the content of the records.  For a more detailed description of the recording and list of titles, provided by the donor is available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem 1: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1942 or 1943 January 30\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHave not written because of husband's angina heart attack; husband had the attack on the train and it had to stop at Elkten where he was carried off to a local hospital for treatment by a fiendish head nurse; went to Johns Hopkins hospital for further treatment for a week; snowed in at home; mentions Germans holding and exterminating Poles at 24 concentration camps; will hold a piano recital for the Navy Hospital Signed Wladislaw Sapieha (?)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 2: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1943 February 12\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCleans and takes care of children; comments on the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the spread of the Bolshevism as happening after the conquest of Germany; Believes that the Jews are apart of the cause of the spread of Bolshevism; comments on civilization [and Germany especially] being led by ambitious men; comments against progress and the effects of the industrial revolution and reforms; comments on Russian character as arrogant, ambitious; explains that peace and the end of war as an illusion if Russia remains powerful; hopes allies can counter Russian conquest of the Baltics and Poland; Says Jews are trying to help spread Bolshevism and destroy and denounce the nobility; likes Americans but remarks on poor leadership; hopes to return to her husband’s Polish landholdings and cattle farm after the war.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 3: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, possibly 1943 March 24\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaments over the fact that the clippings the recipient sent to Matilda Sapieha show that Churchill has forgotten Poland; worried that the Russians will take over Europe and Poland as the Germans had; hopes that America will be Poland's salvation; learning to cook and must ration the food; tried to make egg sandwiches for Senator Pepper and his wife but burned them; Senator sent two dozen eggs the next day; Countess Szechenyi visited her; husband is doing better; the weather is cold and snowy; wishes to go to Florida; misses her son who is in the Montgomery Army.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 4: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], 1943 April 10\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReceived a ration card from the recipient and was able to purchase 5 pounds of sugar; comments on the fact that they are doing more domestic work out of self-preservation instinct; complains about her hands aching from washing and cleaning; mentions they are endeavoring to go to Florida the following winter; wish to go to Florida in September and find a home in Palm beach; weather where they are is cold and there are no leaves on the trees even though it is April; will be staying at their current home until June 10, then they will move to a new home in Newport for the Summer, arranged by their friends; mentions retired Senator George Pepper who is a lawyer; reading books suggested by the recipient on Europe and are trying to get the book [Promoscha Conspirators?] book; do not like to go to the library in Philadelphia because they do not like the city; hopes military work will not take them from Florida; mentions mother broke her type writer and must write in cursive; thanks recipient for meatloaf recipe; asks what the recipient thinks about Russia; Sapieha is happy that the Americans will seek Justice for Peace; mentions the Peppers and receiving [soy] from Mrs. Firkelstein?; mentions not being acquainted with Synthetic food; heard she will have to wear certain tapes of suits and clothes after the war; asks when the war will end.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 5: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], Villanova. Broughton Lane Pennsylvania, December/November 6\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeft Westport in November; Settled in a home in Villanova near a railway station and shopping center at Brynmar; when they left their previous home the cook stayed back, now they have a new old cook; Stayed with friend Gladys Szechenyi Vanderbilt before moving to Villanova; invited to many parties; heard about Germans making soaps and lubrications out of Jews; makes anti-Semitic; mentions a book by Dorothy Thompson called “Listen Hans” about Russia; laments over problems in Europe and does not want Jews to represent Poland in Europe; read the book on American civilization; wishes to set up an account at a library; practices piano; went to Columbia and Victors recordings but could not find aid because of their Jewish clientele; also mentions hardships of getting into Rubinstein or Rosenthal; is getting help from the Peabody in Baltimore and hopes to play a Concert there; has recitals in Newport; asked to perform by the Brush and Pen Club in New York but they would not give them money, therefore she can't go.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 6: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], May 14\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComplains about her Rheumatism from the weather; receiving pills and injections from the doctor; leaving June 8th to Newport at Bellevue Avenue Wayside c/o Mr. Bruguiere/Rhode Island; comments on the war news and the collapse of the German army to resistance; went to lecture on the Polish/Russian question yesterday and comments on the similarity of appeasement between Russia and Hitler and the consequences; mentions the pro Bolshevik rhetoric of Benes and Check man as dangerous to post war problems; worries about Russian expansion; asks if recipient has read a book about Marshall Pilsudski.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 7: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July 9 \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for the delayed letter because they were packing and unpacking; wants to go to Florida during the winter; asks about Palm Beach, Florida; house they stay in is large but falling apart; mentions the millionaires being worried about taxes and the upkeep of the house; helps weed the garden of Countess Rjechyi?; mentions the war and asks for her friend's opinion of it; mentions the death of Sikorsky?; found Polish help for the summer who has thirteen children; asks about Butts?; asks about Mrs. Norton; best regards to Mrs. Shepard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 8: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July, 22? \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses living in Rhode Island with the elderly rich widows trying to maintain their illusions of elite status; mentions her friend Gladys Szechenyi; location in America reminds her of her home and position in Europe before the curtain fell; wishes to return to Florida in autumn to visit recipients; asks for best wishes to Mrs. Shepherd; asks advice on gaining a house in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 9: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient, 1943 August 19\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCongratulating friends on the expectation of a baby; tired of taking care of the house; received a letter from Geraldine Norton? Who got her in touch with an agent in Virginia Beach; wants small bungalow to stay at before deciding; hope to see friends and baby in Daytona.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 10: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, 1944 February 17\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComments on the destructive spread of Bolshevism; comments on her correspondences last letter about her talk with the pseudo Russian; mentions Russian strategy of conquest must be stopped by allies; comments on how Germany caused the problems but may be better off after the war; comments on how the war was originally meant to be fought for small countries; mentions Mr. Bullitt's speech on Poland, believes that England will fail at trying to balance America and Russia against each other; hopes that England will keep its promises to Poland; complains about how everyone asks them about getting a job; trouble with coping with dealing with money [since they didn't have to worry about it before]; does not like humid North Carolina weather and wishes to move northward when they have more money to buy gas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 11: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, December 26\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThanks her correspondences for Christmas and New Years wishes; would like to see them if it was not for the gasoline shortage; may give a recital in Daytona; mentions Mrs. Butts; she may give a recital at her current location or at Palm Beach; mentions that her hope for peace is ensured by Roosevelt; describes Roosevelt as a dreamer, but that he may be able to convince the other members of the United Nations to give up their lust for conquest and respect the smaller nations and their property; mentions that it would be an injustice if part of Poland was taken by Russia; Poles look to the American sense of justice; hopes that the Russians will not occupy Poland and harm more Poles after the mass-murder committed by the Germans; America is their only hope, they cannot depend on England who is concerned with itself; wishes her correspondences would come to Poland to visit their piano.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 12: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha, incomplete, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDelayed letter because of Mother Fabiea? Had a stroke that temporarily paralyzed her side; hope to get to Florida soon; asked friends not to mention stroke in their letter to the mother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 13: Genealogical charts of the Mathilda Sapieha-Kodenski family (provided by Special Collections Staff)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Acc. 2007.77 consist of thirteen letters, 1942-1944, written by Polish-Lithuanian Princess Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon Sapieha-Kodenski (b. 1894) while residing in the United States during the World War II period. Her outgoing correspondence written from Pennsylvania and Florida document the perspective of a Polish American during the wartime period. Her letters express explicit anti-Semitic views, distaste for Bolshevism, Nazism, the fate of Poland, the lack of Allied help given to Poland, emerging details about the Nazi Holocaust, and her life in the United States. Matilda married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935.\nAcc. 2010.137 consists of a set of 3 records recorded by Matilda Sapieha under the name Princess Ilda Sapieha: Old Budapest Is Singing. The inside cover of the set is signed \"Matilda Sapieha.\"  Also included is a CD containing the content of the records.  For a more detailed description of the recording and list of titles, provided by the donor is available.","Item 1: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1942 or 1943 January 30","Have not written because of husband's angina heart attack; husband had the attack on the train and it had to stop at Elkten where he was carried off to a local hospital for treatment by a fiendish head nurse; went to Johns Hopkins hospital for further treatment for a week; snowed in at home; mentions Germans holding and exterminating Poles at 24 concentration camps; will hold a piano recital for the Navy Hospital Signed Wladislaw Sapieha (?)","Item 2: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1943 February 12","Cleans and takes care of children; comments on the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the spread of the Bolshevism as happening after the conquest of Germany; Believes that the Jews are apart of the cause of the spread of Bolshevism; comments on civilization [and Germany especially] being led by ambitious men; comments against progress and the effects of the industrial revolution and reforms; comments on Russian character as arrogant, ambitious; explains that peace and the end of war as an illusion if Russia remains powerful; hopes allies can counter Russian conquest of the Baltics and Poland; Says Jews are trying to help spread Bolshevism and destroy and denounce the nobility; likes Americans but remarks on poor leadership; hopes to return to her husband’s Polish landholdings and cattle farm after the war.","Item 3: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, possibly 1943 March 24","Laments over the fact that the clippings the recipient sent to Matilda Sapieha show that Churchill has forgotten Poland; worried that the Russians will take over Europe and Poland as the Germans had; hopes that America will be Poland's salvation; learning to cook and must ration the food; tried to make egg sandwiches for Senator Pepper and his wife but burned them; Senator sent two dozen eggs the next day; Countess Szechenyi visited her; husband is doing better; the weather is cold and snowy; wishes to go to Florida; misses her son who is in the Montgomery Army.","Item 4: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], 1943 April 10","Received a ration card from the recipient and was able to purchase 5 pounds of sugar; comments on the fact that they are doing more domestic work out of self-preservation instinct; complains about her hands aching from washing and cleaning; mentions they are endeavoring to go to Florida the following winter; wish to go to Florida in September and find a home in Palm beach; weather where they are is cold and there are no leaves on the trees even though it is April; will be staying at their current home until June 10, then they will move to a new home in Newport for the Summer, arranged by their friends; mentions retired Senator George Pepper who is a lawyer; reading books suggested by the recipient on Europe and are trying to get the book [Promoscha Conspirators?] book; do not like to go to the library in Philadelphia because they do not like the city; hopes military work will not take them from Florida; mentions mother broke her type writer and must write in cursive; thanks recipient for meatloaf recipe; asks what the recipient thinks about Russia; Sapieha is happy that the Americans will seek Justice for Peace; mentions the Peppers and receiving [soy] from Mrs. Firkelstein?; mentions not being acquainted with Synthetic food; heard she will have to wear certain tapes of suits and clothes after the war; asks when the war will end.","Item 5: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], Villanova. Broughton Lane Pennsylvania, December/November 6","Left Westport in November; Settled in a home in Villanova near a railway station and shopping center at Brynmar; when they left their previous home the cook stayed back, now they have a new old cook; Stayed with friend Gladys Szechenyi Vanderbilt before moving to Villanova; invited to many parties; heard about Germans making soaps and lubrications out of Jews; makes anti-Semitic; mentions a book by Dorothy Thompson called “Listen Hans” about Russia; laments over problems in Europe and does not want Jews to represent Poland in Europe; read the book on American civilization; wishes to set up an account at a library; practices piano; went to Columbia and Victors recordings but could not find aid because of their Jewish clientele; also mentions hardships of getting into Rubinstein or Rosenthal; is getting help from the Peabody in Baltimore and hopes to play a Concert there; has recitals in Newport; asked to perform by the Brush and Pen Club in New York but they would not give them money, therefore she can't go.","Item 6: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], May 14","Complains about her Rheumatism from the weather; receiving pills and injections from the doctor; leaving June 8th to Newport at Bellevue Avenue Wayside c/o Mr. Bruguiere/Rhode Island; comments on the war news and the collapse of the German army to resistance; went to lecture on the Polish/Russian question yesterday and comments on the similarity of appeasement between Russia and Hitler and the consequences; mentions the pro Bolshevik rhetoric of Benes and Check man as dangerous to post war problems; worries about Russian expansion; asks if recipient has read a book about Marshall Pilsudski.","Item 7: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July 9 ","Apologizes for the delayed letter because they were packing and unpacking; wants to go to Florida during the winter; asks about Palm Beach, Florida; house they stay in is large but falling apart; mentions the millionaires being worried about taxes and the upkeep of the house; helps weed the garden of Countess Rjechyi?; mentions the war and asks for her friend's opinion of it; mentions the death of Sikorsky?; found Polish help for the summer who has thirteen children; asks about Butts?; asks about Mrs. Norton; best regards to Mrs. Shepard.","Item 8: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July, 22? ","Discusses living in Rhode Island with the elderly rich widows trying to maintain their illusions of elite status; mentions her friend Gladys Szechenyi; location in America reminds her of her home and position in Europe before the curtain fell; wishes to return to Florida in autumn to visit recipients; asks for best wishes to Mrs. Shepherd; asks advice on gaining a house in Virginia.","Item 9: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient, 1943 August 19","Congratulating friends on the expectation of a baby; tired of taking care of the house; received a letter from Geraldine Norton? Who got her in touch with an agent in Virginia Beach; wants small bungalow to stay at before deciding; hope to see friends and baby in Daytona.","Item 10: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, 1944 February 17","Comments on the destructive spread of Bolshevism; comments on her correspondences last letter about her talk with the pseudo Russian; mentions Russian strategy of conquest must be stopped by allies; comments on how Germany caused the problems but may be better off after the war; comments on how the war was originally meant to be fought for small countries; mentions Mr. Bullitt's speech on Poland, believes that England will fail at trying to balance America and Russia against each other; hopes that England will keep its promises to Poland; complains about how everyone asks them about getting a job; trouble with coping with dealing with money [since they didn't have to worry about it before]; does not like humid North Carolina weather and wishes to move northward when they have more money to buy gas.","Item 11: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, December 26","Thanks her correspondences for Christmas and New Years wishes; would like to see them if it was not for the gasoline shortage; may give a recital in Daytona; mentions Mrs. Butts; she may give a recital at her current location or at Palm Beach; mentions that her hope for peace is ensured by Roosevelt; describes Roosevelt as a dreamer, but that he may be able to convince the other members of the United Nations to give up their lust for conquest and respect the smaller nations and their property; mentions that it would be an injustice if part of Poland was taken by Russia; Poles look to the American sense of justice; hopes that the Russians will not occupy Poland and harm more Poles after the mass-murder committed by the Germans; America is their only hope, they cannot depend on England who is concerned with itself; wishes her correspondences would come to Poland to visit their piano.","Item 12: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha, incomplete, undated","Delayed letter because of Mother Fabiea? Had a stroke that temporarily paralyzed her side; hope to get to Florida soon; asked friends not to mention stroke in their letter to the mother.","Item 13: Genealogical charts of the Mathilda Sapieha-Kodenski family (provided by Special Collections Staff)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:46:04.299Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1010.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda, Papers","title_ssm":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"title_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1944"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01193","/repositories/2/resources/1010"],"text":["SC 01193","/repositories/2/resources/1010","Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers","Antisemitism","Emigration and immigration--20th century","Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Poland--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935. Prior to 1942 the couple fled Europe to escape the Nazi advance into Eastern Europe. They relocated to Pennsylvania and spent part of their time in Florida.","Processing began by Tramia Jackson in 2007 and finished by Zach Jones in 2007.","Acc. 2007.77 consist of thirteen letters, 1942-1944, written by Polish-Lithuanian Princess Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon Sapieha-Kodenski (b. 1894) while residing in the United States during the World War II period. Her outgoing correspondence written from Pennsylvania and Florida document the perspective of a Polish American during the wartime period. Her letters express explicit anti-Semitic views, distaste for Bolshevism, Nazism, the fate of Poland, the lack of Allied help given to Poland, emerging details about the Nazi Holocaust, and her life in the United States. Matilda married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935.\nAcc. 2010.137 consists of a set of 3 records recorded by Matilda Sapieha under the name Princess Ilda Sapieha: Old Budapest Is Singing. The inside cover of the set is signed \"Matilda Sapieha.\"  Also included is a CD containing the content of the records.  For a more detailed description of the recording and list of titles, provided by the donor is available.","Item 1: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1942 or 1943 January 30","Have not written because of husband's angina heart attack; husband had the attack on the train and it had to stop at Elkten where he was carried off to a local hospital for treatment by a fiendish head nurse; went to Johns Hopkins hospital for further treatment for a week; snowed in at home; mentions Germans holding and exterminating Poles at 24 concentration camps; will hold a piano recital for the Navy Hospital Signed Wladislaw Sapieha (?)","Item 2: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1943 February 12","Cleans and takes care of children; comments on the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the spread of the Bolshevism as happening after the conquest of Germany; Believes that the Jews are apart of the cause of the spread of Bolshevism; comments on civilization [and Germany especially] being led by ambitious men; comments against progress and the effects of the industrial revolution and reforms; comments on Russian character as arrogant, ambitious; explains that peace and the end of war as an illusion if Russia remains powerful; hopes allies can counter Russian conquest of the Baltics and Poland; Says Jews are trying to help spread Bolshevism and destroy and denounce the nobility; likes Americans but remarks on poor leadership; hopes to return to her husband’s Polish landholdings and cattle farm after the war.","Item 3: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, possibly 1943 March 24","Laments over the fact that the clippings the recipient sent to Matilda Sapieha show that Churchill has forgotten Poland; worried that the Russians will take over Europe and Poland as the Germans had; hopes that America will be Poland's salvation; learning to cook and must ration the food; tried to make egg sandwiches for Senator Pepper and his wife but burned them; Senator sent two dozen eggs the next day; Countess Szechenyi visited her; husband is doing better; the weather is cold and snowy; wishes to go to Florida; misses her son who is in the Montgomery Army.","Item 4: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], 1943 April 10","Received a ration card from the recipient and was able to purchase 5 pounds of sugar; comments on the fact that they are doing more domestic work out of self-preservation instinct; complains about her hands aching from washing and cleaning; mentions they are endeavoring to go to Florida the following winter; wish to go to Florida in September and find a home in Palm beach; weather where they are is cold and there are no leaves on the trees even though it is April; will be staying at their current home until June 10, then they will move to a new home in Newport for the Summer, arranged by their friends; mentions retired Senator George Pepper who is a lawyer; reading books suggested by the recipient on Europe and are trying to get the book [Promoscha Conspirators?] book; do not like to go to the library in Philadelphia because they do not like the city; hopes military work will not take them from Florida; mentions mother broke her type writer and must write in cursive; thanks recipient for meatloaf recipe; asks what the recipient thinks about Russia; Sapieha is happy that the Americans will seek Justice for Peace; mentions the Peppers and receiving [soy] from Mrs. Firkelstein?; mentions not being acquainted with Synthetic food; heard she will have to wear certain tapes of suits and clothes after the war; asks when the war will end.","Item 5: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], Villanova. Broughton Lane Pennsylvania, December/November 6","Left Westport in November; Settled in a home in Villanova near a railway station and shopping center at Brynmar; when they left their previous home the cook stayed back, now they have a new old cook; Stayed with friend Gladys Szechenyi Vanderbilt before moving to Villanova; invited to many parties; heard about Germans making soaps and lubrications out of Jews; makes anti-Semitic; mentions a book by Dorothy Thompson called “Listen Hans” about Russia; laments over problems in Europe and does not want Jews to represent Poland in Europe; read the book on American civilization; wishes to set up an account at a library; practices piano; went to Columbia and Victors recordings but could not find aid because of their Jewish clientele; also mentions hardships of getting into Rubinstein or Rosenthal; is getting help from the Peabody in Baltimore and hopes to play a Concert there; has recitals in Newport; asked to perform by the Brush and Pen Club in New York but they would not give them money, therefore she can't go.","Item 6: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], May 14","Complains about her Rheumatism from the weather; receiving pills and injections from the doctor; leaving June 8th to Newport at Bellevue Avenue Wayside c/o Mr. Bruguiere/Rhode Island; comments on the war news and the collapse of the German army to resistance; went to lecture on the Polish/Russian question yesterday and comments on the similarity of appeasement between Russia and Hitler and the consequences; mentions the pro Bolshevik rhetoric of Benes and Check man as dangerous to post war problems; worries about Russian expansion; asks if recipient has read a book about Marshall Pilsudski.","Item 7: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July 9 ","Apologizes for the delayed letter because they were packing and unpacking; wants to go to Florida during the winter; asks about Palm Beach, Florida; house they stay in is large but falling apart; mentions the millionaires being worried about taxes and the upkeep of the house; helps weed the garden of Countess Rjechyi?; mentions the war and asks for her friend's opinion of it; mentions the death of Sikorsky?; found Polish help for the summer who has thirteen children; asks about Butts?; asks about Mrs. Norton; best regards to Mrs. Shepard.","Item 8: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July, 22? ","Discusses living in Rhode Island with the elderly rich widows trying to maintain their illusions of elite status; mentions her friend Gladys Szechenyi; location in America reminds her of her home and position in Europe before the curtain fell; wishes to return to Florida in autumn to visit recipients; asks for best wishes to Mrs. Shepherd; asks advice on gaining a house in Virginia.","Item 9: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient, 1943 August 19","Congratulating friends on the expectation of a baby; tired of taking care of the house; received a letter from Geraldine Norton? Who got her in touch with an agent in Virginia Beach; wants small bungalow to stay at before deciding; hope to see friends and baby in Daytona.","Item 10: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, 1944 February 17","Comments on the destructive spread of Bolshevism; comments on her correspondences last letter about her talk with the pseudo Russian; mentions Russian strategy of conquest must be stopped by allies; comments on how Germany caused the problems but may be better off after the war; comments on how the war was originally meant to be fought for small countries; mentions Mr. Bullitt's speech on Poland, believes that England will fail at trying to balance America and Russia against each other; hopes that England will keep its promises to Poland; complains about how everyone asks them about getting a job; trouble with coping with dealing with money [since they didn't have to worry about it before]; does not like humid North Carolina weather and wishes to move northward when they have more money to buy gas.","Item 11: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, December 26","Thanks her correspondences for Christmas and New Years wishes; would like to see them if it was not for the gasoline shortage; may give a recital in Daytona; mentions Mrs. Butts; she may give a recital at her current location or at Palm Beach; mentions that her hope for peace is ensured by Roosevelt; describes Roosevelt as a dreamer, but that he may be able to convince the other members of the United Nations to give up their lust for conquest and respect the smaller nations and their property; mentions that it would be an injustice if part of Poland was taken by Russia; Poles look to the American sense of justice; hopes that the Russians will not occupy Poland and harm more Poles after the mass-murder committed by the Germans; America is their only hope, they cannot depend on England who is concerned with itself; wishes her correspondences would come to Poland to visit their piano.","Item 12: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha, incomplete, undated","Delayed letter because of Mother Fabiea? Had a stroke that temporarily paralyzed her side; hope to get to Florida soon; asked friends not to mention stroke in their letter to the mother.","Item 13: Genealogical charts of the Mathilda Sapieha-Kodenski family (provided by Special Collections Staff)","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01193","/repositories/2/resources/1010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"creator_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"creators_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Antisemitism","Emigration and immigration--20th century","Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Poland--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Antisemitism","Emigration and immigration--20th century","Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Poland--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMatilda Sapieha-Kodenski married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935. Prior to 1942 the couple fled Europe to escape the Nazi advance into Eastern Europe. They relocated to Pennsylvania and spent part of their time in Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935. Prior to 1942 the couple fled Europe to escape the Nazi advance into Eastern Europe. They relocated to Pennsylvania and spent part of their time in Florida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMatilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Matilda Sapieha-Kodenski Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing began by Tramia Jackson in 2007 and finished by Zach Jones in 2007.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing began by Tramia Jackson in 2007 and finished by Zach Jones in 2007."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2007.77 consist of thirteen letters, 1942-1944, written by Polish-Lithuanian Princess Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon Sapieha-Kodenski (b. 1894) while residing in the United States during the World War II period. Her outgoing correspondence written from Pennsylvania and Florida document the perspective of a Polish American during the wartime period. Her letters express explicit anti-Semitic views, distaste for Bolshevism, Nazism, the fate of Poland, the lack of Allied help given to Poland, emerging details about the Nazi Holocaust, and her life in the United States. Matilda married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935.\nAcc. 2010.137 consists of a set of 3 records recorded by Matilda Sapieha under the name Princess Ilda Sapieha: Old Budapest Is Singing. The inside cover of the set is signed \"Matilda Sapieha.\"  Also included is a CD containing the content of the records.  For a more detailed description of the recording and list of titles, provided by the donor is available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem 1: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1942 or 1943 January 30\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHave not written because of husband's angina heart attack; husband had the attack on the train and it had to stop at Elkten where he was carried off to a local hospital for treatment by a fiendish head nurse; went to Johns Hopkins hospital for further treatment for a week; snowed in at home; mentions Germans holding and exterminating Poles at 24 concentration camps; will hold a piano recital for the Navy Hospital Signed Wladislaw Sapieha (?)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 2: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1943 February 12\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCleans and takes care of children; comments on the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the spread of the Bolshevism as happening after the conquest of Germany; Believes that the Jews are apart of the cause of the spread of Bolshevism; comments on civilization [and Germany especially] being led by ambitious men; comments against progress and the effects of the industrial revolution and reforms; comments on Russian character as arrogant, ambitious; explains that peace and the end of war as an illusion if Russia remains powerful; hopes allies can counter Russian conquest of the Baltics and Poland; Says Jews are trying to help spread Bolshevism and destroy and denounce the nobility; likes Americans but remarks on poor leadership; hopes to return to her husband’s Polish landholdings and cattle farm after the war.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 3: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, possibly 1943 March 24\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaments over the fact that the clippings the recipient sent to Matilda Sapieha show that Churchill has forgotten Poland; worried that the Russians will take over Europe and Poland as the Germans had; hopes that America will be Poland's salvation; learning to cook and must ration the food; tried to make egg sandwiches for Senator Pepper and his wife but burned them; Senator sent two dozen eggs the next day; Countess Szechenyi visited her; husband is doing better; the weather is cold and snowy; wishes to go to Florida; misses her son who is in the Montgomery Army.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 4: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], 1943 April 10\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReceived a ration card from the recipient and was able to purchase 5 pounds of sugar; comments on the fact that they are doing more domestic work out of self-preservation instinct; complains about her hands aching from washing and cleaning; mentions they are endeavoring to go to Florida the following winter; wish to go to Florida in September and find a home in Palm beach; weather where they are is cold and there are no leaves on the trees even though it is April; will be staying at their current home until June 10, then they will move to a new home in Newport for the Summer, arranged by their friends; mentions retired Senator George Pepper who is a lawyer; reading books suggested by the recipient on Europe and are trying to get the book [Promoscha Conspirators?] book; do not like to go to the library in Philadelphia because they do not like the city; hopes military work will not take them from Florida; mentions mother broke her type writer and must write in cursive; thanks recipient for meatloaf recipe; asks what the recipient thinks about Russia; Sapieha is happy that the Americans will seek Justice for Peace; mentions the Peppers and receiving [soy] from Mrs. Firkelstein?; mentions not being acquainted with Synthetic food; heard she will have to wear certain tapes of suits and clothes after the war; asks when the war will end.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 5: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], Villanova. Broughton Lane Pennsylvania, December/November 6\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeft Westport in November; Settled in a home in Villanova near a railway station and shopping center at Brynmar; when they left their previous home the cook stayed back, now they have a new old cook; Stayed with friend Gladys Szechenyi Vanderbilt before moving to Villanova; invited to many parties; heard about Germans making soaps and lubrications out of Jews; makes anti-Semitic; mentions a book by Dorothy Thompson called “Listen Hans” about Russia; laments over problems in Europe and does not want Jews to represent Poland in Europe; read the book on American civilization; wishes to set up an account at a library; practices piano; went to Columbia and Victors recordings but could not find aid because of their Jewish clientele; also mentions hardships of getting into Rubinstein or Rosenthal; is getting help from the Peabody in Baltimore and hopes to play a Concert there; has recitals in Newport; asked to perform by the Brush and Pen Club in New York but they would not give them money, therefore she can't go.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 6: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], May 14\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComplains about her Rheumatism from the weather; receiving pills and injections from the doctor; leaving June 8th to Newport at Bellevue Avenue Wayside c/o Mr. Bruguiere/Rhode Island; comments on the war news and the collapse of the German army to resistance; went to lecture on the Polish/Russian question yesterday and comments on the similarity of appeasement between Russia and Hitler and the consequences; mentions the pro Bolshevik rhetoric of Benes and Check man as dangerous to post war problems; worries about Russian expansion; asks if recipient has read a book about Marshall Pilsudski.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 7: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July 9 \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for the delayed letter because they were packing and unpacking; wants to go to Florida during the winter; asks about Palm Beach, Florida; house they stay in is large but falling apart; mentions the millionaires being worried about taxes and the upkeep of the house; helps weed the garden of Countess Rjechyi?; mentions the war and asks for her friend's opinion of it; mentions the death of Sikorsky?; found Polish help for the summer who has thirteen children; asks about Butts?; asks about Mrs. Norton; best regards to Mrs. Shepard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 8: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July, 22? \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses living in Rhode Island with the elderly rich widows trying to maintain their illusions of elite status; mentions her friend Gladys Szechenyi; location in America reminds her of her home and position in Europe before the curtain fell; wishes to return to Florida in autumn to visit recipients; asks for best wishes to Mrs. Shepherd; asks advice on gaining a house in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 9: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient, 1943 August 19\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCongratulating friends on the expectation of a baby; tired of taking care of the house; received a letter from Geraldine Norton? Who got her in touch with an agent in Virginia Beach; wants small bungalow to stay at before deciding; hope to see friends and baby in Daytona.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 10: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, 1944 February 17\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComments on the destructive spread of Bolshevism; comments on her correspondences last letter about her talk with the pseudo Russian; mentions Russian strategy of conquest must be stopped by allies; comments on how Germany caused the problems but may be better off after the war; comments on how the war was originally meant to be fought for small countries; mentions Mr. Bullitt's speech on Poland, believes that England will fail at trying to balance America and Russia against each other; hopes that England will keep its promises to Poland; complains about how everyone asks them about getting a job; trouble with coping with dealing with money [since they didn't have to worry about it before]; does not like humid North Carolina weather and wishes to move northward when they have more money to buy gas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 11: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, December 26\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThanks her correspondences for Christmas and New Years wishes; would like to see them if it was not for the gasoline shortage; may give a recital in Daytona; mentions Mrs. Butts; she may give a recital at her current location or at Palm Beach; mentions that her hope for peace is ensured by Roosevelt; describes Roosevelt as a dreamer, but that he may be able to convince the other members of the United Nations to give up their lust for conquest and respect the smaller nations and their property; mentions that it would be an injustice if part of Poland was taken by Russia; Poles look to the American sense of justice; hopes that the Russians will not occupy Poland and harm more Poles after the mass-murder committed by the Germans; America is their only hope, they cannot depend on England who is concerned with itself; wishes her correspondences would come to Poland to visit their piano.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 12: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha, incomplete, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDelayed letter because of Mother Fabiea? Had a stroke that temporarily paralyzed her side; hope to get to Florida soon; asked friends not to mention stroke in their letter to the mother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItem 13: Genealogical charts of the Mathilda Sapieha-Kodenski family (provided by Special Collections Staff)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Acc. 2007.77 consist of thirteen letters, 1942-1944, written by Polish-Lithuanian Princess Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon Sapieha-Kodenski (b. 1894) while residing in the United States during the World War II period. Her outgoing correspondence written from Pennsylvania and Florida document the perspective of a Polish American during the wartime period. Her letters express explicit anti-Semitic views, distaste for Bolshevism, Nazism, the fate of Poland, the lack of Allied help given to Poland, emerging details about the Nazi Holocaust, and her life in the United States. Matilda married Prince Wladislaw Sapieha-Kodenski (1893-1956) in Budapest, Hungary on 25 September 1935.\nAcc. 2010.137 consists of a set of 3 records recorded by Matilda Sapieha under the name Princess Ilda Sapieha: Old Budapest Is Singing. The inside cover of the set is signed \"Matilda Sapieha.\"  Also included is a CD containing the content of the records.  For a more detailed description of the recording and list of titles, provided by the donor is available.","Item 1: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1942 or 1943 January 30","Have not written because of husband's angina heart attack; husband had the attack on the train and it had to stop at Elkten where he was carried off to a local hospital for treatment by a fiendish head nurse; went to Johns Hopkins hospital for further treatment for a week; snowed in at home; mentions Germans holding and exterminating Poles at 24 concentration camps; will hold a piano recital for the Navy Hospital Signed Wladislaw Sapieha (?)","Item 2: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, 1943 February 12","Cleans and takes care of children; comments on the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the spread of the Bolshevism as happening after the conquest of Germany; Believes that the Jews are apart of the cause of the spread of Bolshevism; comments on civilization [and Germany especially] being led by ambitious men; comments against progress and the effects of the industrial revolution and reforms; comments on Russian character as arrogant, ambitious; explains that peace and the end of war as an illusion if Russia remains powerful; hopes allies can counter Russian conquest of the Baltics and Poland; Says Jews are trying to help spread Bolshevism and destroy and denounce the nobility; likes Americans but remarks on poor leadership; hopes to return to her husband’s Polish landholdings and cattle farm after the war.","Item 3: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient, possibly 1943 March 24","Laments over the fact that the clippings the recipient sent to Matilda Sapieha show that Churchill has forgotten Poland; worried that the Russians will take over Europe and Poland as the Germans had; hopes that America will be Poland's salvation; learning to cook and must ration the food; tried to make egg sandwiches for Senator Pepper and his wife but burned them; Senator sent two dozen eggs the next day; Countess Szechenyi visited her; husband is doing better; the weather is cold and snowy; wishes to go to Florida; misses her son who is in the Montgomery Army.","Item 4: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], 1943 April 10","Received a ration card from the recipient and was able to purchase 5 pounds of sugar; comments on the fact that they are doing more domestic work out of self-preservation instinct; complains about her hands aching from washing and cleaning; mentions they are endeavoring to go to Florida the following winter; wish to go to Florida in September and find a home in Palm beach; weather where they are is cold and there are no leaves on the trees even though it is April; will be staying at their current home until June 10, then they will move to a new home in Newport for the Summer, arranged by their friends; mentions retired Senator George Pepper who is a lawyer; reading books suggested by the recipient on Europe and are trying to get the book [Promoscha Conspirators?] book; do not like to go to the library in Philadelphia because they do not like the city; hopes military work will not take them from Florida; mentions mother broke her type writer and must write in cursive; thanks recipient for meatloaf recipe; asks what the recipient thinks about Russia; Sapieha is happy that the Americans will seek Justice for Peace; mentions the Peppers and receiving [soy] from Mrs. Firkelstein?; mentions not being acquainted with Synthetic food; heard she will have to wear certain tapes of suits and clothes after the war; asks when the war will end.","Item 5: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], Villanova. Broughton Lane Pennsylvania, December/November 6","Left Westport in November; Settled in a home in Villanova near a railway station and shopping center at Brynmar; when they left their previous home the cook stayed back, now they have a new old cook; Stayed with friend Gladys Szechenyi Vanderbilt before moving to Villanova; invited to many parties; heard about Germans making soaps and lubrications out of Jews; makes anti-Semitic; mentions a book by Dorothy Thompson called “Listen Hans” about Russia; laments over problems in Europe and does not want Jews to represent Poland in Europe; read the book on American civilization; wishes to set up an account at a library; practices piano; went to Columbia and Victors recordings but could not find aid because of their Jewish clientele; also mentions hardships of getting into Rubinstein or Rosenthal; is getting help from the Peabody in Baltimore and hopes to play a Concert there; has recitals in Newport; asked to perform by the Brush and Pen Club in New York but they would not give them money, therefore she can't go.","Item 6: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha in Villanova, Pennsylvania to Unknown Recipient], May 14","Complains about her Rheumatism from the weather; receiving pills and injections from the doctor; leaving June 8th to Newport at Bellevue Avenue Wayside c/o Mr. Bruguiere/Rhode Island; comments on the war news and the collapse of the German army to resistance; went to lecture on the Polish/Russian question yesterday and comments on the similarity of appeasement between Russia and Hitler and the consequences; mentions the pro Bolshevik rhetoric of Benes and Check man as dangerous to post war problems; worries about Russian expansion; asks if recipient has read a book about Marshall Pilsudski.","Item 7: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July 9 ","Apologizes for the delayed letter because they were packing and unpacking; wants to go to Florida during the winter; asks about Palm Beach, Florida; house they stay in is large but falling apart; mentions the millionaires being worried about taxes and the upkeep of the house; helps weed the garden of Countess Rjechyi?; mentions the war and asks for her friend's opinion of it; mentions the death of Sikorsky?; found Polish help for the summer who has thirteen children; asks about Butts?; asks about Mrs. Norton; best regards to Mrs. Shepard.","Item 8: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient], 1943 July, 22? ","Discusses living in Rhode Island with the elderly rich widows trying to maintain their illusions of elite status; mentions her friend Gladys Szechenyi; location in America reminds her of her home and position in Europe before the curtain fell; wishes to return to Florida in autumn to visit recipients; asks for best wishes to Mrs. Shepherd; asks advice on gaining a house in Virginia.","Item 9: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at Wayside, Bellevue Avenue, Newport, Rhode Islands to Unknown Recipient, 1943 August 19","Congratulating friends on the expectation of a baby; tired of taking care of the house; received a letter from Geraldine Norton? Who got her in touch with an agent in Virginia Beach; wants small bungalow to stay at before deciding; hope to see friends and baby in Daytona.","Item 10: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, 1944 February 17","Comments on the destructive spread of Bolshevism; comments on her correspondences last letter about her talk with the pseudo Russian; mentions Russian strategy of conquest must be stopped by allies; comments on how Germany caused the problems but may be better off after the war; comments on how the war was originally meant to be fought for small countries; mentions Mr. Bullitt's speech on Poland, believes that England will fail at trying to balance America and Russia against each other; hopes that England will keep its promises to Poland; complains about how everyone asks them about getting a job; trouble with coping with dealing with money [since they didn't have to worry about it before]; does not like humid North Carolina weather and wishes to move northward when they have more money to buy gas.","Item 11: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha at 1845 Nebraska Avenue to Unknown Recipient, December 26","Thanks her correspondences for Christmas and New Years wishes; would like to see them if it was not for the gasoline shortage; may give a recital in Daytona; mentions Mrs. Butts; she may give a recital at her current location or at Palm Beach; mentions that her hope for peace is ensured by Roosevelt; describes Roosevelt as a dreamer, but that he may be able to convince the other members of the United Nations to give up their lust for conquest and respect the smaller nations and their property; mentions that it would be an injustice if part of Poland was taken by Russia; Poles look to the American sense of justice; hopes that the Russians will not occupy Poland and harm more Poles after the mass-murder committed by the Germans; America is their only hope, they cannot depend on England who is concerned with itself; wishes her correspondences would come to Poland to visit their piano.","Item 12: Letter from Mathilda Sapieha, incomplete, undated","Delayed letter because of Mother Fabiea? Had a stroke that temporarily paralyzed her side; hope to get to Florida soon; asked friends not to mention stroke in their letter to the mother.","Item 13: Genealogical charts of the Mathilda Sapieha-Kodenski family (provided by Special Collections Staff)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Sapieha-Kodenski, Matilda Bornemisza de Kaszon, Baroness, b. 1895"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:46:04.299Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1010"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_790","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_790#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Howdershell, Maude A.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_790#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eLetters, 1909-1919 between Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick, a courting couple of Alexandria, Virginia who were engaged toward the later part of their correspondence. Milton F. Kerrick seems to have worked for a railroad since at least one letter-head is that of a railroad brotherhood.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_790#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_790","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_790","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_790.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Howdershell, Maude A. and Milton F. Kerrick papers","title_ssm":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers"],"title_tesim":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1909-1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2009.481","/repositories/2/resources/790"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2009.481","/repositories/2/resources/790","Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers","Love-letters","Courtship--1910-1920","Courtship--United States--History--20th century","Courtship--Virginia--History","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Maude Amanda Howdershell, born December 24, 1889 in Alexandria City, Virginia; died September 29, 1980. Wife of Milton Fristoe Kerrick and mother to Elizabeth \"Bette\" Amanda Kerrick. \nMilton Fristoe Kerrick, birthdate unknown, died 1941. He was an employee, notably a brakeman in 1902, a baggagemaster in 1907, and a flagman in 1919, of Southern Railway, member of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, and a Knights Templar.","Accessioned and minimally processed in October 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Further arranged and described by Peter Klicker, SCRC Staff, in December 2009.","Letters, 1909-1919 between Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick, a courting couple of Alexandria, Virginia who were engaged toward the later part of their correspondence. Milton F. Kerrick seems to have worked for a railroad since at least one letter-head is that of a railroad brotherhood.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Howdershell, Maude A.","Kerrick, Milton F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2009.481","/repositories/2/resources/790"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaude Amanda Howdershell, born December 24, 1889 in Alexandria City, Virginia; died September 29, 1980. Wife of Milton Fristoe Kerrick and mother to Elizabeth \"Bette\" Amanda Kerrick. \nMilton Fristoe Kerrick, birthdate unknown, died 1941. He was an employee, notably a brakeman in 1902, a baggagemaster in 1907, and a flagman in 1919, of Southern Railway, member of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, and a Knights Templar.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Maude Amanda Howdershell, born December 24, 1889 in Alexandria City, Virginia; died September 29, 1980. Wife of Milton Fristoe Kerrick and mother to Elizabeth \"Bette\" Amanda Kerrick. \nMilton Fristoe Kerrick, birthdate unknown, died 1941. He was an employee, notably a brakeman in 1902, a baggagemaster in 1907, and a flagman in 1919, of Southern Railway, member of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, and a Knights Templar."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed in October 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Further arranged and described by Peter Klicker, SCRC Staff, in December 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed in October 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Further arranged and described by Peter Klicker, SCRC Staff, in December 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters, 1909-1919 between Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick, a courting couple of Alexandria, Virginia who were engaged toward the later part of their correspondence. Milton F. 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Kerrick papers","title_ssm":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers"],"title_tesim":["Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1909-1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2009.481","/repositories/2/resources/790"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2009.481","/repositories/2/resources/790","Maude A. Howdershell and Milton F. Kerrick Papers","Love-letters","Courtship--1910-1920","Courtship--United States--History--20th century","Courtship--Virginia--History","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). 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Wife of Milton Fristoe Kerrick and mother to Elizabeth \"Bette\" Amanda Kerrick. \nMilton Fristoe Kerrick, birthdate unknown, died 1941. He was an employee, notably a brakeman in 1902, a baggagemaster in 1907, and a flagman in 1919, of Southern Railway, member of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, and a Knights Templar.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Maude Amanda Howdershell, born December 24, 1889 in Alexandria City, Virginia; died September 29, 1980. Wife of Milton Fristoe Kerrick and mother to Elizabeth \"Bette\" Amanda Kerrick. \nMilton Fristoe Kerrick, birthdate unknown, died 1941. He was an employee, notably a brakeman in 1902, a baggagemaster in 1907, and a flagman in 1919, of Southern Railway, member of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, and a Knights Templar."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaude A. Howdershell and Milton F. 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Kerrick seems to have worked for a railroad since at least one letter-head is that of a railroad brotherhood."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Howdershell, Maude A.","Kerrick, Milton F."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Howdershell, Maude A.","Kerrick, Milton F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:56:08.161Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_790"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Maude Wescott Brown Photographs","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_649#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_649#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_649#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_649.xml","title_ssm":["Maude Wescott Brown Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Maude Wescott Brown Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0307","/repositories/4/resources/649"],"text":["SC 0307","/repositories/4/resources/649","Maude Wescott Brown Photographs","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Commencement ceremonies","Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is housed is a single folder. The photographs are arranged according to the order in which they were received by the donor.","Maude Tyson Wescott (1893-1982), of Painter, Virginia, matriculated into the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg as part of the school's first incoming class of students in 1909 and was a member of the school's first graduating class in 1911.","While a student, Wescott was a member of the Lanier Literary Society, YWCA, Athletic Association, Glee Club, Scalpers Basketball Team, and Pinquet Tennis Club. She married Joseph Leo Brown in 1921 and resided on Virginia's Eastern Shore.","The Haas family members who are documented in most of the photographs were residents of Harrisonburg while Wescott was a student. Judge T. N. Haas was a graduate of the University of Virginia, a member of the Harrisonburg town council from 1901 to 1906, and presided over the 25th judicial circuit courts (Rockingham and Page Counties). He was also involved in local street expansion and improvement efforts. Haas was married to Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad. They had two children together—Hamilton and Elizabeth—in addition to a son, Conrad, from Betty's first marriage. It is unclear the exact relationship between Wescott and the Haases.","The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Brown was a member of this first graduating class.","The photographs include portraits of Judge Talfourd Noon Haas, his wife Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad Haas, and their children Hamilton and Elizabeth. Some photographs are unidentified. One photographic postcard dated June 1910 features Elizabeth Haas, Hamilton Haas, and the family's donkey Julius Caesar with the message \"Your neighbors three.\" Addressed to Miss Maude Wescott, Harrisonburg Normal School.","Two identical images of downtown Harrisonburg labeled \"Sunday Commencement Sermon, Class of 1911, Entire student body\" document part of the 1911 commencement services for the State Normal and Industrial School during which graduates, students, and faculty walked downtown to participate in a commencement sermon at the Presbyterian church on Court Square. W. L. Dechert Insurance and W. A. Meserole \u0026 Bro. dry goods store can be seen in the background.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Haas family","Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Bob Wescott, nephew of Maude Wescott Brown, sent the photographs and postcards to Special Collections in March 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Commencement ceremonies","Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Commencement ceremonies","Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is housed is a single folder. The photographs are arranged according to the order in which they were received by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is housed is a single folder. The photographs are arranged according to the order in which they were received by the donor."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaude Tyson Wescott (1893-1982), of Painter, Virginia, matriculated into the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg as part of the school's first incoming class of students in 1909 and was a member of the school's first graduating class in 1911.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile a student, Wescott was a member of the Lanier Literary Society, YWCA, Athletic Association, Glee Club, Scalpers Basketball Team, and Pinquet Tennis Club. She married Joseph Leo Brown in 1921 and resided on Virginia's Eastern Shore.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Haas family members who are documented in most of the photographs were residents of Harrisonburg while Wescott was a student. Judge T. N. Haas was a graduate of the University of Virginia, a member of the Harrisonburg town council from 1901 to 1906, and presided over the 25th judicial circuit courts (Rockingham and Page Counties). He was also involved in local street expansion and improvement efforts. Haas was married to Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad. They had two children together—Hamilton and Elizabeth—in addition to a son, Conrad, from Betty's first marriage. It is unclear the exact relationship between Wescott and the Haases.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Maude Tyson Wescott (1893-1982), of Painter, Virginia, matriculated into the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg as part of the school's first incoming class of students in 1909 and was a member of the school's first graduating class in 1911.","While a student, Wescott was a member of the Lanier Literary Society, YWCA, Athletic Association, Glee Club, Scalpers Basketball Team, and Pinquet Tennis Club. She married Joseph Leo Brown in 1921 and resided on Virginia's Eastern Shore.","The Haas family members who are documented in most of the photographs were residents of Harrisonburg while Wescott was a student. Judge T. N. Haas was a graduate of the University of Virginia, a member of the Harrisonburg town council from 1901 to 1906, and presided over the 25th judicial circuit courts (Rockingham and Page Counties). He was also involved in local street expansion and improvement efforts. Haas was married to Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad. They had two children together—Hamilton and Elizabeth—in addition to a son, Conrad, from Betty's first marriage. It is unclear the exact relationship between Wescott and the Haases."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, SC 0307, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, SC 0307, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Brown was a member of this first graduating class.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs include portraits of Judge Talfourd Noon Haas, his wife Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad Haas, and their children Hamilton and Elizabeth. Some photographs are unidentified. One photographic postcard dated June 1910 features Elizabeth Haas, Hamilton Haas, and the family's donkey Julius Caesar with the message \"Your neighbors three.\" Addressed to Miss Maude Wescott, Harrisonburg Normal School.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwo identical images of downtown Harrisonburg labeled \"Sunday Commencement Sermon, Class of 1911, Entire student body\" document part of the 1911 commencement services for the State Normal and Industrial School during which graduates, students, and faculty walked downtown to participate in a commencement sermon at the Presbyterian church on Court Square. W. L. Dechert Insurance and W. A. Meserole \u0026amp; Bro. dry goods store can be seen in the background.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Brown was a member of this first graduating class.","The photographs include portraits of Judge Talfourd Noon Haas, his wife Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad Haas, and their children Hamilton and Elizabeth. Some photographs are unidentified. One photographic postcard dated June 1910 features Elizabeth Haas, Hamilton Haas, and the family's donkey Julius Caesar with the message \"Your neighbors three.\" Addressed to Miss Maude Wescott, Harrisonburg Normal School.","Two identical images of downtown Harrisonburg labeled \"Sunday Commencement Sermon, Class of 1911, Entire student body\" document part of the 1911 commencement services for the State Normal and Industrial School during which graduates, students, and faculty walked downtown to participate in a commencement sermon at the Presbyterian church on Court Square. W. L. Dechert Insurance and W. A. Meserole \u0026 Bro. dry goods store can be seen in the background."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_60329ce6d5cfd67ab3bec07ec9eb688f\"\u003eThe Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg."],"names_coll_ssim":["State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Haas family","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. (Talfourd Noon), 1864-1939"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Haas family","Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. (Talfourd Noon), 1864-1939"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"famname_ssim":["Haas family"],"persname_ssim":["Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. (Talfourd Noon), 1864-1939"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:55.421Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_649","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_649.xml","title_ssm":["Maude Wescott Brown Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Maude Wescott Brown Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0307","/repositories/4/resources/649"],"text":["SC 0307","/repositories/4/resources/649","Maude Wescott Brown Photographs","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Commencement ceremonies","Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is housed is a single folder. The photographs are arranged according to the order in which they were received by the donor.","Maude Tyson Wescott (1893-1982), of Painter, Virginia, matriculated into the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg as part of the school's first incoming class of students in 1909 and was a member of the school's first graduating class in 1911.","While a student, Wescott was a member of the Lanier Literary Society, YWCA, Athletic Association, Glee Club, Scalpers Basketball Team, and Pinquet Tennis Club. She married Joseph Leo Brown in 1921 and resided on Virginia's Eastern Shore.","The Haas family members who are documented in most of the photographs were residents of Harrisonburg while Wescott was a student. Judge T. N. Haas was a graduate of the University of Virginia, a member of the Harrisonburg town council from 1901 to 1906, and presided over the 25th judicial circuit courts (Rockingham and Page Counties). He was also involved in local street expansion and improvement efforts. Haas was married to Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad. They had two children together—Hamilton and Elizabeth—in addition to a son, Conrad, from Betty's first marriage. It is unclear the exact relationship between Wescott and the Haases.","The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Brown was a member of this first graduating class.","The photographs include portraits of Judge Talfourd Noon Haas, his wife Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad Haas, and their children Hamilton and Elizabeth. Some photographs are unidentified. One photographic postcard dated June 1910 features Elizabeth Haas, Hamilton Haas, and the family's donkey Julius Caesar with the message \"Your neighbors three.\" Addressed to Miss Maude Wescott, Harrisonburg Normal School.","Two identical images of downtown Harrisonburg labeled \"Sunday Commencement Sermon, Class of 1911, Entire student body\" document part of the 1911 commencement services for the State Normal and Industrial School during which graduates, students, and faculty walked downtown to participate in a commencement sermon at the Presbyterian church on Court Square. W. L. Dechert Insurance and W. A. Meserole \u0026 Bro. dry goods store can be seen in the background.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Haas family","Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. (Talfourd Noon), 1864-1939","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0307","/repositories/4/resources/649"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Maude Wescott Brown Photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["Maude Wescott Brown Photographs"],"collection_ssim":["Maude Wescott Brown Photographs"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob"],"creator_ssim":["Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob"],"creators_ssim":["Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Bob Wescott, nephew of Maude Wescott Brown, sent the photographs and postcards to Special Collections in March 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Commencement ceremonies","Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Commencement ceremonies","Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Photographic postcards","Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is housed is a single folder. The photographs are arranged according to the order in which they were received by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is housed is a single folder. The photographs are arranged according to the order in which they were received by the donor."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaude Tyson Wescott (1893-1982), of Painter, Virginia, matriculated into the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg as part of the school's first incoming class of students in 1909 and was a member of the school's first graduating class in 1911.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile a student, Wescott was a member of the Lanier Literary Society, YWCA, Athletic Association, Glee Club, Scalpers Basketball Team, and Pinquet Tennis Club. She married Joseph Leo Brown in 1921 and resided on Virginia's Eastern Shore.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Haas family members who are documented in most of the photographs were residents of Harrisonburg while Wescott was a student. Judge T. N. Haas was a graduate of the University of Virginia, a member of the Harrisonburg town council from 1901 to 1906, and presided over the 25th judicial circuit courts (Rockingham and Page Counties). He was also involved in local street expansion and improvement efforts. Haas was married to Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad. They had two children together—Hamilton and Elizabeth—in addition to a son, Conrad, from Betty's first marriage. It is unclear the exact relationship between Wescott and the Haases.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Maude Tyson Wescott (1893-1982), of Painter, Virginia, matriculated into the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg as part of the school's first incoming class of students in 1909 and was a member of the school's first graduating class in 1911.","While a student, Wescott was a member of the Lanier Literary Society, YWCA, Athletic Association, Glee Club, Scalpers Basketball Team, and Pinquet Tennis Club. She married Joseph Leo Brown in 1921 and resided on Virginia's Eastern Shore.","The Haas family members who are documented in most of the photographs were residents of Harrisonburg while Wescott was a student. Judge T. N. Haas was a graduate of the University of Virginia, a member of the Harrisonburg town council from 1901 to 1906, and presided over the 25th judicial circuit courts (Rockingham and Page Counties). He was also involved in local street expansion and improvement efforts. Haas was married to Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad. They had two children together—Hamilton and Elizabeth—in addition to a son, Conrad, from Betty's first marriage. It is unclear the exact relationship between Wescott and the Haases."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, SC 0307, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, SC 0307, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Brown was a member of this first graduating class.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs include portraits of Judge Talfourd Noon Haas, his wife Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad Haas, and their children Hamilton and Elizabeth. Some photographs are unidentified. One photographic postcard dated June 1910 features Elizabeth Haas, Hamilton Haas, and the family's donkey Julius Caesar with the message \"Your neighbors three.\" Addressed to Miss Maude Wescott, Harrisonburg Normal School.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwo identical images of downtown Harrisonburg labeled \"Sunday Commencement Sermon, Class of 1911, Entire student body\" document part of the 1911 commencement services for the State Normal and Industrial School during which graduates, students, and faculty walked downtown to participate in a commencement sermon at the Presbyterian church on Court Square. W. L. Dechert Insurance and W. A. Meserole \u0026amp; Bro. dry goods store can be seen in the background.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Brown was a member of this first graduating class.","The photographs include portraits of Judge Talfourd Noon Haas, his wife Margaret Elizabeth \"Bettie\" Conrad Haas, and their children Hamilton and Elizabeth. Some photographs are unidentified. One photographic postcard dated June 1910 features Elizabeth Haas, Hamilton Haas, and the family's donkey Julius Caesar with the message \"Your neighbors three.\" Addressed to Miss Maude Wescott, Harrisonburg Normal School.","Two identical images of downtown Harrisonburg labeled \"Sunday Commencement Sermon, Class of 1911, Entire student body\" document part of the 1911 commencement services for the State Normal and Industrial School during which graduates, students, and faculty walked downtown to participate in a commencement sermon at the Presbyterian church on Court Square. W. L. Dechert Insurance and W. A. Meserole \u0026 Bro. dry goods store can be seen in the background."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_60329ce6d5cfd67ab3bec07ec9eb688f\"\u003eThe Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Maude Wescott Brown Photographs, 1910-1913, comprise ten photographs and photographic postcards documenting the Haas family of Harrisonburg as well as 1911 commencement activities of the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg."],"names_coll_ssim":["State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Haas family","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. (Talfourd Noon), 1864-1939"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Haas family","Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. (Talfourd Noon), 1864-1939"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"famname_ssim":["Haas family"],"persname_ssim":["Brown, Maude Wescott, 1893-1982","Wescott, Bob","Haas, T. N. (Talfourd Noon), 1864-1939"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:55.421Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_649"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8746#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8746#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eLetters, legal and business documents, photographs and news clippings of Maud Miller Buxton and associated families of Miller, Buxton and Ditterick. Maud Miller was born in North Dakota and eventually moved to McMinnville, Oregon via Minnesota. Correspondence spans her early childhood through her marriage to Henry Thurston Buxton and Frank Ditterick. Most letters concern family news. Includes commencement invitations, marriage invitations and clippings of marriage announcements and obituaries. The photograph album appears to cover the 1920's. Loose photographs appear to be members of her family and are undated. A small group of letters to her father, Malcom Miller, is included.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8746#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8746.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Buxton, Maud Miller Family Papers","title_ssm":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1962","1891-1947"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1891-1947"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2011.187","/repositories/2/resources/8746"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2011.187","/repositories/2/resources/8746","Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers","Oregon--Social life and customs","Photograph albums","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Series organized by type of material.","Maud Miller Buxton was born in North Dakota, daughter of Malcom Howard and Louise Pahl Miller.  She lived in Wisconsin and Perham, Minnesota before moving to Forest Grove, Oregon by 1904, where she was a servant in the Henry T. Buxton Family (1910 census).  She married Henry T. Buxton, who was almost 30 years older, by 1913 and Frank Ditterick by May 1946. She passed away in 1985 in Mcminnville Rest Home, Oregon.  Per the 1910 and 1930 census, she was a servant in private homes.","Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in March 2011. Processing completed by Anne Johnson in September 2014.","Letters, legal and business documents, photographs and news clippings of Maud Miller Buxton and associated families of Miller, Buxton and Ditterick. Maud Miller was born in North Dakota and eventually moved to McMinnville, Oregon via Minnesota. Correspondence spans her early childhood through her marriage to Henry Thurston Buxton and Frank Ditterick. Most letters concern family news. Includes commencement invitations, marriage invitations and clippings of marriage announcements and obituaries. The photograph album appears to cover the 1920's. Loose photographs appear to be members of her family and are undated. A small group of letters to her father, Malcom Miller, is included.","In the 1890's, Maud Miller receives letters from friends and past teachers. She lives in Perham, Minnesota. By 1904, Maud is living in Forest Grove, Oregon and by 1913, she is married to H. T. Buxton, who passes away in 1933. The letters during the 1920's are from family members, including Maurice Miller, Howard Miller, Holly Miller, Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner. In 1924, Minnie Ebberson Seay of Perham, Minnesota sends Maud her membership dates in the Rebekah Lodge (January 16, 1902 to September 3, 1903). Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner write Maud in 1933 to thank her for the wonderful arrangements for their father's funeral. (H. T. Bruxton had children by an earlier marriage). A 1935 letter from Georgia describes a trip along the east and gulf coasts. The 1940's letters include letters from Pvt. Maurice Miller, who is twice in the hospital and later dies. By May 1946, Maud is married to Frank Ditterick. A 1962 form letter is addressed to Mrs. Laura Goffrier in McMinnville, Oregon from New Hope Leprosy Million in Cape Palmas Liberia, West Africa.","Scope and Contents A 1894 letter to Malcom Miller, Pelham, Minnesota from \"Aunt Laura\" in Oregon notifies him that his Father is very ill with consumption. 1896 letters from S.L. Miller of Salem, Oregon tell of bad crops, financial problems of neighbors/relatives and his own farming news. He offers to give Malcom $500 to buy a house. A 1924 letter from H.F. Miller, Attorney-at-Law in Fargo, North Dakota and brother of Malcom, talks about the death of their Mother and ideas for handling the estate. He also mentions a trip he took to the \"old home\" in Wisconsin where \"Grandfather Biglow's house\" still stands.","Scope and Contents Invitations to Commencement Exercises at McMinnville High School, John Marshall High School and Salem Hospital. Wedding announcements and an invitation to a Buxton Family Association reunion. Certificate for Mary Goffrier for \"Week Day Bible School.\" Newspaper clippings of weddings and obituaries. Hand drawn picture of \"Annie Minnie\" on a scrap of paper.","1912 contract between Maud Miller and Gee \u0026 Jones for a cemetery marker to be sent to Spokane; 1920 driver's license for Maud Elizabeth Buxton; 1920 Warranty Deed from Niels Nielsen and Kirsten Nielsen to H.T. Buxton for lots in McMinnville, Oregon; 1922 check from M.H. Miller to McMinville Brick \u0026 Tile Company and two 1933 receipts for funeral expenses for Henry Thurston Buxton.","Loose photographs of friends and family, cemeteries and landscapes. Only two photographs are labeled: Maureen McFee (1943) and Maude Mueller. 24 photographs.","Scope and Contents Black photograph album with string laced black pages. All photographs are glued onto the page with handwritten notes in white ink either naming the person in the photograph or making a funny comment about the person. Some fading due to moisture. 7\" x12\" Some people identified are Dot and Jim; Harry Lourton; Larry Miller; Virginia H. (1908); Ruth B. (1905); Earle Buxton; Ethel Buxton; Dr. Goucher's dependables; Father A. Gor \u0026 son-in-law; Maurice Miller (Astoria 1919); 5 nurses named \" The five vampires;\" Esther Brightman; Mother Miller; Florence Ritchie; Mrs. M.S. Miller; Dorothy and her father; Orrin; Thelma Stone; graduating (?) class of 19 nurses with all identified; Mr. and Mrs. Rosensteel and family; Miss Marion Evelyn Miller and Mother (1919) and more. McMinnville High School photographs include: Botany Class of 1911, Jones Howell Janitor of M.H. S., Chemistry Class 1911 and an undated Freshman Class.","Scope and Contents Scrapbook with clippings of wedding announcements, obituaries and birth announcements. Weddings include Holly Miller's marriage to Floyd McFee of Dayton, Ohio, with photograph; Maurice (Bud) Miller to Carol Ruth Hockett; Laura Louise Miller to Herbert P. Goffrier; Pvt. Robert Frederick Miller to Edna Georgene Frink; Mrs. Maud Burton (sic) of McMinnville to Frank Ditterick and a double wedding of H.T. Buxton to Miss Maude Miller and Ethel R. Buxton (H.T.'s daughter) to Walter O. Gardner. Obituaries are for Pvt. Maurice M. Miller, Frank Ditterick and Mrs.M.H. Miller Other clippings include a group photo of Women Brigadiers for the 1944 Red Cross, local news about family visits, announcements of Buxton family reunions and articles about members of the family. Scrapbook with string tied pages. 11 pages. 11\" x 14\"","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Ditterick family","Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2011.187","/repositories/2/resources/8746"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Oregon--Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Oregon--Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"creator_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"creators_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"places_ssim":["Oregon--Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photograph albums","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photograph albums","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries organized by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series organized by type of material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaud Miller Buxton was born in North Dakota, daughter of Malcom Howard and Louise Pahl Miller.  She lived in Wisconsin and Perham, Minnesota before moving to Forest Grove, Oregon by 1904, where she was a servant in the Henry T. Buxton Family (1910 census).  She married Henry T. Buxton, who was almost 30 years older, by 1913 and Frank Ditterick by May 1946. She passed away in 1985 in Mcminnville Rest Home, Oregon.  Per the 1910 and 1930 census, she was a servant in private homes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Maud Miller Buxton was born in North Dakota, daughter of Malcom Howard and Louise Pahl Miller.  She lived in Wisconsin and Perham, Minnesota before moving to Forest Grove, Oregon by 1904, where she was a servant in the Henry T. Buxton Family (1910 census).  She married Henry T. Buxton, who was almost 30 years older, by 1913 and Frank Ditterick by May 1946. She passed away in 1985 in Mcminnville Rest Home, Oregon.  Per the 1910 and 1930 census, she was a servant in private homes."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBuxton Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Buxton Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in March 2011. Processing completed by Anne Johnson in September 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in March 2011. Processing completed by Anne Johnson in September 2014."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters, legal and business documents, photographs and news clippings of Maud Miller Buxton and associated families of Miller, Buxton and Ditterick. Maud Miller was born in North Dakota and eventually moved to McMinnville, Oregon via Minnesota. Correspondence spans her early childhood through her marriage to Henry Thurston Buxton and Frank Ditterick. Most letters concern family news. Includes commencement invitations, marriage invitations and clippings of marriage announcements and obituaries. The photograph album appears to cover the 1920's. Loose photographs appear to be members of her family and are undated. A small group of letters to her father, Malcom Miller, is included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1890's, Maud Miller receives letters from friends and past teachers. She lives in Perham, Minnesota. By 1904, Maud is living in Forest Grove, Oregon and by 1913, she is married to H. T. Buxton, who passes away in 1933. The letters during the 1920's are from family members, including Maurice Miller, Howard Miller, Holly Miller, Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner. In 1924, Minnie Ebberson Seay of Perham, Minnesota sends Maud her membership dates in the Rebekah Lodge (January 16, 1902 to September 3, 1903). Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner write Maud in 1933 to thank her for the wonderful arrangements for their father's funeral. (H. T. Bruxton had children by an earlier marriage). A 1935 letter from Georgia describes a trip along the east and gulf coasts. The 1940's letters include letters from Pvt. Maurice Miller, who is twice in the hospital and later dies. By May 1946, Maud is married to Frank Ditterick. A 1962 form letter is addressed to Mrs. Laura Goffrier in McMinnville, Oregon from New Hope Leprosy Million in Cape Palmas Liberia, West Africa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents A 1894 letter to Malcom Miller, Pelham, Minnesota from \"Aunt Laura\" in Oregon notifies him that his Father is very ill with consumption. 1896 letters from S.L. Miller of Salem, Oregon tell of bad crops, financial problems of neighbors/relatives and his own farming news. He offers to give Malcom $500 to buy a house. A 1924 letter from H.F. Miller, Attorney-at-Law in Fargo, North Dakota and brother of Malcom, talks about the death of their Mother and ideas for handling the estate. He also mentions a trip he took to the \"old home\" in Wisconsin where \"Grandfather Biglow's house\" still stands.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Invitations to Commencement Exercises at McMinnville High School, John Marshall High School and Salem Hospital. Wedding announcements and an invitation to a Buxton Family Association reunion. Certificate for Mary Goffrier for \"Week Day Bible School.\" Newspaper clippings of weddings and obituaries. Hand drawn picture of \"Annie Minnie\" on a scrap of paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1912 contract between Maud Miller and Gee \u0026amp; Jones for a cemetery marker to be sent to Spokane; 1920 driver's license for Maud Elizabeth Buxton; 1920 Warranty Deed from Niels Nielsen and Kirsten Nielsen to H.T. Buxton for lots in McMinnville, Oregon; 1922 check from M.H. Miller to McMinville Brick \u0026amp; Tile Company and two 1933 receipts for funeral expenses for Henry Thurston Buxton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoose photographs of friends and family, cemeteries and landscapes. Only two photographs are labeled: Maureen McFee (1943) and Maude Mueller. 24 photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Black photograph album with string laced black pages. All photographs are glued onto the page with handwritten notes in white ink either naming the person in the photograph or making a funny comment about the person. Some fading due to moisture. 7\" x12\" Some people identified are Dot and Jim; Harry Lourton; Larry Miller; Virginia H. (1908); Ruth B. (1905); Earle Buxton; Ethel Buxton; Dr. Goucher's dependables; Father A. Gor \u0026amp; son-in-law; Maurice Miller (Astoria 1919); 5 nurses named \" The five vampires;\" Esther Brightman; Mother Miller; Florence Ritchie; Mrs. M.S. Miller; Dorothy and her father; Orrin; Thelma Stone; graduating (?) class of 19 nurses with all identified; Mr. and Mrs. Rosensteel and family; Miss Marion Evelyn Miller and Mother (1919) and more. McMinnville High School photographs include: Botany Class of 1911, Jones Howell Janitor of M.H. S., Chemistry Class 1911 and an undated Freshman Class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Scrapbook with clippings of wedding announcements, obituaries and birth announcements. Weddings include Holly Miller's marriage to Floyd McFee of Dayton, Ohio, with photograph; Maurice (Bud) Miller to Carol Ruth Hockett; Laura Louise Miller to Herbert P. Goffrier; Pvt. Robert Frederick Miller to Edna Georgene Frink; Mrs. Maud Burton (sic) of McMinnville to Frank Ditterick and a double wedding of H.T. Buxton to Miss Maude Miller and Ethel R. Buxton (H.T.'s daughter) to Walter O. Gardner. Obituaries are for Pvt. Maurice M. Miller, Frank Ditterick and Mrs.M.H. Miller Other clippings include a group photo of Women Brigadiers for the 1944 Red Cross, local news about family visits, announcements of Buxton family reunions and articles about members of the family. Scrapbook with string tied pages. 11 pages. 11\" x 14\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters, legal and business documents, photographs and news clippings of Maud Miller Buxton and associated families of Miller, Buxton and Ditterick. Maud Miller was born in North Dakota and eventually moved to McMinnville, Oregon via Minnesota. Correspondence spans her early childhood through her marriage to Henry Thurston Buxton and Frank Ditterick. Most letters concern family news. Includes commencement invitations, marriage invitations and clippings of marriage announcements and obituaries. The photograph album appears to cover the 1920's. Loose photographs appear to be members of her family and are undated. A small group of letters to her father, Malcom Miller, is included.","In the 1890's, Maud Miller receives letters from friends and past teachers. She lives in Perham, Minnesota. By 1904, Maud is living in Forest Grove, Oregon and by 1913, she is married to H. T. Buxton, who passes away in 1933. The letters during the 1920's are from family members, including Maurice Miller, Howard Miller, Holly Miller, Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner. In 1924, Minnie Ebberson Seay of Perham, Minnesota sends Maud her membership dates in the Rebekah Lodge (January 16, 1902 to September 3, 1903). Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner write Maud in 1933 to thank her for the wonderful arrangements for their father's funeral. (H. T. Bruxton had children by an earlier marriage). A 1935 letter from Georgia describes a trip along the east and gulf coasts. The 1940's letters include letters from Pvt. Maurice Miller, who is twice in the hospital and later dies. By May 1946, Maud is married to Frank Ditterick. A 1962 form letter is addressed to Mrs. Laura Goffrier in McMinnville, Oregon from New Hope Leprosy Million in Cape Palmas Liberia, West Africa.","Scope and Contents A 1894 letter to Malcom Miller, Pelham, Minnesota from \"Aunt Laura\" in Oregon notifies him that his Father is very ill with consumption. 1896 letters from S.L. Miller of Salem, Oregon tell of bad crops, financial problems of neighbors/relatives and his own farming news. He offers to give Malcom $500 to buy a house. A 1924 letter from H.F. Miller, Attorney-at-Law in Fargo, North Dakota and brother of Malcom, talks about the death of their Mother and ideas for handling the estate. He also mentions a trip he took to the \"old home\" in Wisconsin where \"Grandfather Biglow's house\" still stands.","Scope and Contents Invitations to Commencement Exercises at McMinnville High School, John Marshall High School and Salem Hospital. Wedding announcements and an invitation to a Buxton Family Association reunion. Certificate for Mary Goffrier for \"Week Day Bible School.\" Newspaper clippings of weddings and obituaries. Hand drawn picture of \"Annie Minnie\" on a scrap of paper.","1912 contract between Maud Miller and Gee \u0026 Jones for a cemetery marker to be sent to Spokane; 1920 driver's license for Maud Elizabeth Buxton; 1920 Warranty Deed from Niels Nielsen and Kirsten Nielsen to H.T. Buxton for lots in McMinnville, Oregon; 1922 check from M.H. Miller to McMinville Brick \u0026 Tile Company and two 1933 receipts for funeral expenses for Henry Thurston Buxton.","Loose photographs of friends and family, cemeteries and landscapes. Only two photographs are labeled: Maureen McFee (1943) and Maude Mueller. 24 photographs.","Scope and Contents Black photograph album with string laced black pages. All photographs are glued onto the page with handwritten notes in white ink either naming the person in the photograph or making a funny comment about the person. Some fading due to moisture. 7\" x12\" Some people identified are Dot and Jim; Harry Lourton; Larry Miller; Virginia H. (1908); Ruth B. (1905); Earle Buxton; Ethel Buxton; Dr. Goucher's dependables; Father A. Gor \u0026 son-in-law; Maurice Miller (Astoria 1919); 5 nurses named \" The five vampires;\" Esther Brightman; Mother Miller; Florence Ritchie; Mrs. M.S. Miller; Dorothy and her father; Orrin; Thelma Stone; graduating (?) class of 19 nurses with all identified; Mr. and Mrs. Rosensteel and family; Miss Marion Evelyn Miller and Mother (1919) and more. McMinnville High School photographs include: Botany Class of 1911, Jones Howell Janitor of M.H. S., Chemistry Class 1911 and an undated Freshman Class.","Scope and Contents Scrapbook with clippings of wedding announcements, obituaries and birth announcements. Weddings include Holly Miller's marriage to Floyd McFee of Dayton, Ohio, with photograph; Maurice (Bud) Miller to Carol Ruth Hockett; Laura Louise Miller to Herbert P. Goffrier; Pvt. Robert Frederick Miller to Edna Georgene Frink; Mrs. Maud Burton (sic) of McMinnville to Frank Ditterick and a double wedding of H.T. Buxton to Miss Maude Miller and Ethel R. Buxton (H.T.'s daughter) to Walter O. Gardner. Obituaries are for Pvt. Maurice M. Miller, Frank Ditterick and Mrs.M.H. Miller Other clippings include a group photo of Women Brigadiers for the 1944 Red Cross, local news about family visits, announcements of Buxton family reunions and articles about members of the family. Scrapbook with string tied pages. 11 pages. 11\" x 14\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Ditterick family","Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ditterick family"],"famname_ssim":["Ditterick family"],"persname_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:46:05.299Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8746","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8746.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Buxton, Maud Miller Family Papers","title_ssm":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1962","1891-1947"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1891-1947"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2011.187","/repositories/2/resources/8746"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2011.187","/repositories/2/resources/8746","Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers","Oregon--Social life and customs","Photograph albums","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Series organized by type of material.","Maud Miller Buxton was born in North Dakota, daughter of Malcom Howard and Louise Pahl Miller.  She lived in Wisconsin and Perham, Minnesota before moving to Forest Grove, Oregon by 1904, where she was a servant in the Henry T. Buxton Family (1910 census).  She married Henry T. Buxton, who was almost 30 years older, by 1913 and Frank Ditterick by May 1946. She passed away in 1985 in Mcminnville Rest Home, Oregon.  Per the 1910 and 1930 census, she was a servant in private homes.","Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in March 2011. Processing completed by Anne Johnson in September 2014.","Letters, legal and business documents, photographs and news clippings of Maud Miller Buxton and associated families of Miller, Buxton and Ditterick. Maud Miller was born in North Dakota and eventually moved to McMinnville, Oregon via Minnesota. Correspondence spans her early childhood through her marriage to Henry Thurston Buxton and Frank Ditterick. Most letters concern family news. Includes commencement invitations, marriage invitations and clippings of marriage announcements and obituaries. The photograph album appears to cover the 1920's. Loose photographs appear to be members of her family and are undated. A small group of letters to her father, Malcom Miller, is included.","In the 1890's, Maud Miller receives letters from friends and past teachers. She lives in Perham, Minnesota. By 1904, Maud is living in Forest Grove, Oregon and by 1913, she is married to H. T. Buxton, who passes away in 1933. The letters during the 1920's are from family members, including Maurice Miller, Howard Miller, Holly Miller, Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner. In 1924, Minnie Ebberson Seay of Perham, Minnesota sends Maud her membership dates in the Rebekah Lodge (January 16, 1902 to September 3, 1903). Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner write Maud in 1933 to thank her for the wonderful arrangements for their father's funeral. (H. T. Bruxton had children by an earlier marriage). A 1935 letter from Georgia describes a trip along the east and gulf coasts. The 1940's letters include letters from Pvt. Maurice Miller, who is twice in the hospital and later dies. By May 1946, Maud is married to Frank Ditterick. A 1962 form letter is addressed to Mrs. Laura Goffrier in McMinnville, Oregon from New Hope Leprosy Million in Cape Palmas Liberia, West Africa.","Scope and Contents A 1894 letter to Malcom Miller, Pelham, Minnesota from \"Aunt Laura\" in Oregon notifies him that his Father is very ill with consumption. 1896 letters from S.L. Miller of Salem, Oregon tell of bad crops, financial problems of neighbors/relatives and his own farming news. He offers to give Malcom $500 to buy a house. A 1924 letter from H.F. Miller, Attorney-at-Law in Fargo, North Dakota and brother of Malcom, talks about the death of their Mother and ideas for handling the estate. He also mentions a trip he took to the \"old home\" in Wisconsin where \"Grandfather Biglow's house\" still stands.","Scope and Contents Invitations to Commencement Exercises at McMinnville High School, John Marshall High School and Salem Hospital. Wedding announcements and an invitation to a Buxton Family Association reunion. Certificate for Mary Goffrier for \"Week Day Bible School.\" Newspaper clippings of weddings and obituaries. Hand drawn picture of \"Annie Minnie\" on a scrap of paper.","1912 contract between Maud Miller and Gee \u0026 Jones for a cemetery marker to be sent to Spokane; 1920 driver's license for Maud Elizabeth Buxton; 1920 Warranty Deed from Niels Nielsen and Kirsten Nielsen to H.T. Buxton for lots in McMinnville, Oregon; 1922 check from M.H. Miller to McMinville Brick \u0026 Tile Company and two 1933 receipts for funeral expenses for Henry Thurston Buxton.","Loose photographs of friends and family, cemeteries and landscapes. Only two photographs are labeled: Maureen McFee (1943) and Maude Mueller. 24 photographs.","Scope and Contents Black photograph album with string laced black pages. All photographs are glued onto the page with handwritten notes in white ink either naming the person in the photograph or making a funny comment about the person. Some fading due to moisture. 7\" x12\" Some people identified are Dot and Jim; Harry Lourton; Larry Miller; Virginia H. (1908); Ruth B. (1905); Earle Buxton; Ethel Buxton; Dr. Goucher's dependables; Father A. Gor \u0026 son-in-law; Maurice Miller (Astoria 1919); 5 nurses named \" The five vampires;\" Esther Brightman; Mother Miller; Florence Ritchie; Mrs. M.S. Miller; Dorothy and her father; Orrin; Thelma Stone; graduating (?) class of 19 nurses with all identified; Mr. and Mrs. Rosensteel and family; Miss Marion Evelyn Miller and Mother (1919) and more. McMinnville High School photographs include: Botany Class of 1911, Jones Howell Janitor of M.H. S., Chemistry Class 1911 and an undated Freshman Class.","Scope and Contents Scrapbook with clippings of wedding announcements, obituaries and birth announcements. Weddings include Holly Miller's marriage to Floyd McFee of Dayton, Ohio, with photograph; Maurice (Bud) Miller to Carol Ruth Hockett; Laura Louise Miller to Herbert P. Goffrier; Pvt. Robert Frederick Miller to Edna Georgene Frink; Mrs. Maud Burton (sic) of McMinnville to Frank Ditterick and a double wedding of H.T. Buxton to Miss Maude Miller and Ethel R. Buxton (H.T.'s daughter) to Walter O. Gardner. Obituaries are for Pvt. Maurice M. Miller, Frank Ditterick and Mrs.M.H. Miller Other clippings include a group photo of Women Brigadiers for the 1944 Red Cross, local news about family visits, announcements of Buxton family reunions and articles about members of the family. Scrapbook with string tied pages. 11 pages. 11\" x 14\"","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Ditterick family","Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2011.187","/repositories/2/resources/8746"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Maud Miller Buxton Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Oregon--Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Oregon--Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"creator_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"creators_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"places_ssim":["Oregon--Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photograph albums","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photograph albums","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries organized by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series organized by type of material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaud Miller Buxton was born in North Dakota, daughter of Malcom Howard and Louise Pahl Miller.  She lived in Wisconsin and Perham, Minnesota before moving to Forest Grove, Oregon by 1904, where she was a servant in the Henry T. Buxton Family (1910 census).  She married Henry T. Buxton, who was almost 30 years older, by 1913 and Frank Ditterick by May 1946. She passed away in 1985 in Mcminnville Rest Home, Oregon.  Per the 1910 and 1930 census, she was a servant in private homes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Maud Miller Buxton was born in North Dakota, daughter of Malcom Howard and Louise Pahl Miller.  She lived in Wisconsin and Perham, Minnesota before moving to Forest Grove, Oregon by 1904, where she was a servant in the Henry T. Buxton Family (1910 census).  She married Henry T. Buxton, who was almost 30 years older, by 1913 and Frank Ditterick by May 1946. She passed away in 1985 in Mcminnville Rest Home, Oregon.  Per the 1910 and 1930 census, she was a servant in private homes."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBuxton Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Buxton Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in March 2011. Processing completed by Anne Johnson in September 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in March 2011. Processing completed by Anne Johnson in September 2014."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters, legal and business documents, photographs and news clippings of Maud Miller Buxton and associated families of Miller, Buxton and Ditterick. Maud Miller was born in North Dakota and eventually moved to McMinnville, Oregon via Minnesota. Correspondence spans her early childhood through her marriage to Henry Thurston Buxton and Frank Ditterick. Most letters concern family news. Includes commencement invitations, marriage invitations and clippings of marriage announcements and obituaries. The photograph album appears to cover the 1920's. Loose photographs appear to be members of her family and are undated. A small group of letters to her father, Malcom Miller, is included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1890's, Maud Miller receives letters from friends and past teachers. She lives in Perham, Minnesota. By 1904, Maud is living in Forest Grove, Oregon and by 1913, she is married to H. T. Buxton, who passes away in 1933. The letters during the 1920's are from family members, including Maurice Miller, Howard Miller, Holly Miller, Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner. In 1924, Minnie Ebberson Seay of Perham, Minnesota sends Maud her membership dates in the Rebekah Lodge (January 16, 1902 to September 3, 1903). Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner write Maud in 1933 to thank her for the wonderful arrangements for their father's funeral. (H. T. Bruxton had children by an earlier marriage). A 1935 letter from Georgia describes a trip along the east and gulf coasts. The 1940's letters include letters from Pvt. Maurice Miller, who is twice in the hospital and later dies. By May 1946, Maud is married to Frank Ditterick. A 1962 form letter is addressed to Mrs. Laura Goffrier in McMinnville, Oregon from New Hope Leprosy Million in Cape Palmas Liberia, West Africa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents A 1894 letter to Malcom Miller, Pelham, Minnesota from \"Aunt Laura\" in Oregon notifies him that his Father is very ill with consumption. 1896 letters from S.L. Miller of Salem, Oregon tell of bad crops, financial problems of neighbors/relatives and his own farming news. He offers to give Malcom $500 to buy a house. A 1924 letter from H.F. Miller, Attorney-at-Law in Fargo, North Dakota and brother of Malcom, talks about the death of their Mother and ideas for handling the estate. He also mentions a trip he took to the \"old home\" in Wisconsin where \"Grandfather Biglow's house\" still stands.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Invitations to Commencement Exercises at McMinnville High School, John Marshall High School and Salem Hospital. Wedding announcements and an invitation to a Buxton Family Association reunion. Certificate for Mary Goffrier for \"Week Day Bible School.\" Newspaper clippings of weddings and obituaries. Hand drawn picture of \"Annie Minnie\" on a scrap of paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1912 contract between Maud Miller and Gee \u0026amp; Jones for a cemetery marker to be sent to Spokane; 1920 driver's license for Maud Elizabeth Buxton; 1920 Warranty Deed from Niels Nielsen and Kirsten Nielsen to H.T. Buxton for lots in McMinnville, Oregon; 1922 check from M.H. Miller to McMinville Brick \u0026amp; Tile Company and two 1933 receipts for funeral expenses for Henry Thurston Buxton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoose photographs of friends and family, cemeteries and landscapes. Only two photographs are labeled: Maureen McFee (1943) and Maude Mueller. 24 photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Black photograph album with string laced black pages. All photographs are glued onto the page with handwritten notes in white ink either naming the person in the photograph or making a funny comment about the person. Some fading due to moisture. 7\" x12\" Some people identified are Dot and Jim; Harry Lourton; Larry Miller; Virginia H. (1908); Ruth B. (1905); Earle Buxton; Ethel Buxton; Dr. Goucher's dependables; Father A. Gor \u0026amp; son-in-law; Maurice Miller (Astoria 1919); 5 nurses named \" The five vampires;\" Esther Brightman; Mother Miller; Florence Ritchie; Mrs. M.S. Miller; Dorothy and her father; Orrin; Thelma Stone; graduating (?) class of 19 nurses with all identified; Mr. and Mrs. Rosensteel and family; Miss Marion Evelyn Miller and Mother (1919) and more. McMinnville High School photographs include: Botany Class of 1911, Jones Howell Janitor of M.H. S., Chemistry Class 1911 and an undated Freshman Class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Scrapbook with clippings of wedding announcements, obituaries and birth announcements. Weddings include Holly Miller's marriage to Floyd McFee of Dayton, Ohio, with photograph; Maurice (Bud) Miller to Carol Ruth Hockett; Laura Louise Miller to Herbert P. Goffrier; Pvt. Robert Frederick Miller to Edna Georgene Frink; Mrs. Maud Burton (sic) of McMinnville to Frank Ditterick and a double wedding of H.T. Buxton to Miss Maude Miller and Ethel R. Buxton (H.T.'s daughter) to Walter O. Gardner. Obituaries are for Pvt. Maurice M. Miller, Frank Ditterick and Mrs.M.H. Miller Other clippings include a group photo of Women Brigadiers for the 1944 Red Cross, local news about family visits, announcements of Buxton family reunions and articles about members of the family. Scrapbook with string tied pages. 11 pages. 11\" x 14\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters, legal and business documents, photographs and news clippings of Maud Miller Buxton and associated families of Miller, Buxton and Ditterick. Maud Miller was born in North Dakota and eventually moved to McMinnville, Oregon via Minnesota. Correspondence spans her early childhood through her marriage to Henry Thurston Buxton and Frank Ditterick. Most letters concern family news. Includes commencement invitations, marriage invitations and clippings of marriage announcements and obituaries. The photograph album appears to cover the 1920's. Loose photographs appear to be members of her family and are undated. A small group of letters to her father, Malcom Miller, is included.","In the 1890's, Maud Miller receives letters from friends and past teachers. She lives in Perham, Minnesota. By 1904, Maud is living in Forest Grove, Oregon and by 1913, she is married to H. T. Buxton, who passes away in 1933. The letters during the 1920's are from family members, including Maurice Miller, Howard Miller, Holly Miller, Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner. In 1924, Minnie Ebberson Seay of Perham, Minnesota sends Maud her membership dates in the Rebekah Lodge (January 16, 1902 to September 3, 1903). Earle Buxton and Ethel R. Gardner write Maud in 1933 to thank her for the wonderful arrangements for their father's funeral. (H. T. Bruxton had children by an earlier marriage). A 1935 letter from Georgia describes a trip along the east and gulf coasts. The 1940's letters include letters from Pvt. Maurice Miller, who is twice in the hospital and later dies. By May 1946, Maud is married to Frank Ditterick. A 1962 form letter is addressed to Mrs. Laura Goffrier in McMinnville, Oregon from New Hope Leprosy Million in Cape Palmas Liberia, West Africa.","Scope and Contents A 1894 letter to Malcom Miller, Pelham, Minnesota from \"Aunt Laura\" in Oregon notifies him that his Father is very ill with consumption. 1896 letters from S.L. Miller of Salem, Oregon tell of bad crops, financial problems of neighbors/relatives and his own farming news. He offers to give Malcom $500 to buy a house. A 1924 letter from H.F. Miller, Attorney-at-Law in Fargo, North Dakota and brother of Malcom, talks about the death of their Mother and ideas for handling the estate. He also mentions a trip he took to the \"old home\" in Wisconsin where \"Grandfather Biglow's house\" still stands.","Scope and Contents Invitations to Commencement Exercises at McMinnville High School, John Marshall High School and Salem Hospital. Wedding announcements and an invitation to a Buxton Family Association reunion. Certificate for Mary Goffrier for \"Week Day Bible School.\" Newspaper clippings of weddings and obituaries. Hand drawn picture of \"Annie Minnie\" on a scrap of paper.","1912 contract between Maud Miller and Gee \u0026 Jones for a cemetery marker to be sent to Spokane; 1920 driver's license for Maud Elizabeth Buxton; 1920 Warranty Deed from Niels Nielsen and Kirsten Nielsen to H.T. Buxton for lots in McMinnville, Oregon; 1922 check from M.H. Miller to McMinville Brick \u0026 Tile Company and two 1933 receipts for funeral expenses for Henry Thurston Buxton.","Loose photographs of friends and family, cemeteries and landscapes. Only two photographs are labeled: Maureen McFee (1943) and Maude Mueller. 24 photographs.","Scope and Contents Black photograph album with string laced black pages. All photographs are glued onto the page with handwritten notes in white ink either naming the person in the photograph or making a funny comment about the person. Some fading due to moisture. 7\" x12\" Some people identified are Dot and Jim; Harry Lourton; Larry Miller; Virginia H. (1908); Ruth B. (1905); Earle Buxton; Ethel Buxton; Dr. Goucher's dependables; Father A. Gor \u0026 son-in-law; Maurice Miller (Astoria 1919); 5 nurses named \" The five vampires;\" Esther Brightman; Mother Miller; Florence Ritchie; Mrs. M.S. Miller; Dorothy and her father; Orrin; Thelma Stone; graduating (?) class of 19 nurses with all identified; Mr. and Mrs. Rosensteel and family; Miss Marion Evelyn Miller and Mother (1919) and more. McMinnville High School photographs include: Botany Class of 1911, Jones Howell Janitor of M.H. S., Chemistry Class 1911 and an undated Freshman Class.","Scope and Contents Scrapbook with clippings of wedding announcements, obituaries and birth announcements. Weddings include Holly Miller's marriage to Floyd McFee of Dayton, Ohio, with photograph; Maurice (Bud) Miller to Carol Ruth Hockett; Laura Louise Miller to Herbert P. Goffrier; Pvt. Robert Frederick Miller to Edna Georgene Frink; Mrs. Maud Burton (sic) of McMinnville to Frank Ditterick and a double wedding of H.T. Buxton to Miss Maude Miller and Ethel R. Buxton (H.T.'s daughter) to Walter O. Gardner. Obituaries are for Pvt. Maurice M. Miller, Frank Ditterick and Mrs.M.H. Miller Other clippings include a group photo of Women Brigadiers for the 1944 Red Cross, local news about family visits, announcements of Buxton family reunions and articles about members of the family. Scrapbook with string tied pages. 11 pages. 11\" x 14\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Ditterick family","Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ditterick family"],"famname_ssim":["Ditterick family"],"persname_ssim":["Buxton, Maud Miller, 1881-1985","Miller, Malcom Howard, 1857-1933"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:46:05.299Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8746"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"McGilvray Family papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_4429#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eLetters home to Gatesville, Texas from two brothers, Cam and Burl McGilvray who served in the Army and Marines respectively during World War II. Cam McGilvray was in the Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 in Fargo, North Dakota. Burl McGilvray was stationed overseas and returned in April 1943 to the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego, California due to a heat stroke complication. The collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, song lyrics and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_4429#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_4429.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McGilvray Family papers","title_ssm":["McGilvray Family papers"],"title_tesim":["McGilvray Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1943"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2008.021","/repositories/2/resources/4429"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2008.021","/repositories/2/resources/4429","McGilvray Family papers","Gatesville (Tex.)","United States. Marine Corps","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Postcards","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Burl McGilvray was from Gatesville, Texas and served in the Marines during World War II.","Letters home to Gatesville, Texas from two brothers, Cam and Burl McGilvray who served in the Army and Marines respectively during World War II. Cam McGilvray was in the Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 in Fargo, North Dakota.  Burl McGilvray was stationed overseas and returned in April 1943 to the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego, California due to a heat stroke complication. The collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, song lyrics and postcards.","Poems, writings, and church publications.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2008.021","/repositories/2/resources/4429"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McGilvray Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["McGilvray Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["McGilvray Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Gatesville (Tex.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Gatesville (Tex.)"],"places_ssim":["Gatesville (Tex.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Marine Corps","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Marine Corps","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBurl McGilvray was from Gatesville, Texas and served in the Marines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Burl McGilvray was from Gatesville, Texas and served in the Marines during World War II."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMcGilvray Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["McGilvray Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters home to Gatesville, Texas from two brothers, Cam and Burl McGilvray who served in the Army and Marines respectively during World War II. Cam McGilvray was in the Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 in Fargo, North Dakota.  Burl McGilvray was stationed overseas and returned in April 1943 to the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego, California due to a heat stroke complication. The collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, song lyrics and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoems, writings, and church publications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters home to Gatesville, Texas from two brothers, Cam and Burl McGilvray who served in the Army and Marines respectively during World War II. Cam McGilvray was in the Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 in Fargo, North Dakota.  Burl McGilvray was stationed overseas and returned in April 1943 to the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego, California due to a heat stroke complication. The collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, song lyrics and postcards.","Poems, writings, and church publications."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:18:40.893Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_4429","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_4429.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McGilvray Family papers","title_ssm":["McGilvray Family papers"],"title_tesim":["McGilvray Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1943"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2008.021","/repositories/2/resources/4429"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2008.021","/repositories/2/resources/4429","McGilvray Family papers","Gatesville (Tex.)","United States. Marine Corps","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Postcards","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Burl McGilvray was from Gatesville, Texas and served in the Marines during World War II.","Letters home to Gatesville, Texas from two brothers, Cam and Burl McGilvray who served in the Army and Marines respectively during World War II. Cam McGilvray was in the Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 in Fargo, North Dakota.  Burl McGilvray was stationed overseas and returned in April 1943 to the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego, California due to a heat stroke complication. The collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, song lyrics and postcards.","Poems, writings, and church publications.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 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Marine Corps","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (information artifacts)","Letters (correspondence)","Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBurl McGilvray was from Gatesville, Texas and served in the Marines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Burl McGilvray was from Gatesville, Texas and served in the Marines during World War II."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMcGilvray Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["McGilvray Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters home to Gatesville, Texas from two brothers, Cam and Burl McGilvray who served in the Army and Marines respectively during World War II. Cam McGilvray was in the Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 in Fargo, North Dakota.  Burl McGilvray was stationed overseas and returned in April 1943 to the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego, California due to a heat stroke complication. The collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, song lyrics and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoems, writings, and church publications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters home to Gatesville, Texas from two brothers, Cam and Burl McGilvray who served in the Army and Marines respectively during World War II. Cam McGilvray was in the Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 in Fargo, North Dakota.  Burl McGilvray was stationed overseas and returned in April 1943 to the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego, California due to a heat stroke complication. The collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, song lyrics and postcards.","Poems, writings, and church publications."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Army Officer Candidate School No. 1 (Fargo, N.D.)","United States. Army."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:18:40.893Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_4429"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_213.xml","title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"text":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213","McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895 Communication, 1900-1912 Financial Documents, 1891-1912 Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913 J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912","Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\"  Daily News-Record , 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M.  An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing .  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\"  Harrisonburg Daily News , 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\"  Rockingham Recorder  III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"   Daily News-Record , 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Images of America: Harrisonburg .  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County .  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W.  Historic Harrisonburg .  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.","Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book  Historic Harrisonburg  that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.","The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044 .","J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creators_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Records were donated by the present building owner, McHone Brothers, LLC, in 2000. The collection was discovered in the late 1990s during renovations to the Houck Building on Court Square (71 South Main) in downtown Harrisonburg, the former offices of the Houck Tannery and store."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAccount Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunication, 1900-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1891-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDistribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895 Communication, 1900-1912 Financial Documents, 1891-1912 Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913 J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBarb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCoakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 28 February 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing\u003c/emph\u003e.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 March 1908.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003ePrice, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e III:1, April 1979.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 July 1913.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImages of America: Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlaces, Faces \u0026amp; Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\"  Daily News-Record , 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M.  An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing .  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\"  Harrisonburg Daily News , 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\"  Rockingham Recorder  III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"   Daily News-Record , 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Images of America: Harrisonburg .  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County .  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W.  Historic Harrisonburg .  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026amp; the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book  Historic Harrisonburg  that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026amp; Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b4734e58550bfc23c19147f1802ed60\"\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry."],"names_coll_ssim":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:36.405Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_213.xml","title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"text":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213","McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895 Communication, 1900-1912 Financial Documents, 1891-1912 Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913 J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912","Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\"  Daily News-Record , 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M.  An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing .  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\"  Harrisonburg Daily News , 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\"  Rockingham Recorder  III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"   Daily News-Record , 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Images of America: Harrisonburg .  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County .  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W.  Historic Harrisonburg .  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.","Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book  Historic Harrisonburg  that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.","The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044 .","J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creators_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Records were donated by the present building owner, McHone Brothers, LLC, in 2000. The collection was discovered in the late 1990s during renovations to the Houck Building on Court Square (71 South Main) in downtown Harrisonburg, the former offices of the Houck Tannery and store."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAccount Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunication, 1900-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1891-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDistribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895 Communication, 1900-1912 Financial Documents, 1891-1912 Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913 J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBarb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCoakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 28 February 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing\u003c/emph\u003e.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 March 1908.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003ePrice, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e III:1, April 1979.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 July 1913.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImages of America: Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlaces, Faces \u0026amp; Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\"  Daily News-Record , 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M.  An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing .  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\"  Harrisonburg Daily News , 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\"  Rockingham Recorder  III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"   Daily News-Record , 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Images of America: Harrisonburg .  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County .  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W.  Historic Harrisonburg .  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026amp; the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book  Historic Harrisonburg  that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026amp; Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b4734e58550bfc23c19147f1802ed60\"\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry."],"names_coll_ssim":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:36.405Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Michael A. Cappeto papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_418#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cappeto, Michael Arnold","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_418#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_418#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_418.xml","title_ssm":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-1970","2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-1970"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0053","/repositories/4/resources/418"],"text":["SC 0053","/repositories/4/resources/418","Michael A. Cappeto papers","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Bluestone , 1968. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Bluestone , 1970. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Program for the Sixty-First Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 7, 1970.","Program for the Sixty-Second Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 6, 1971.","A native of Union, New Jersey, Michael Arnold Cappeto transferred to Madison College from New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce College in 1967. While at Madison, Cappeto was an active member of the student body, serving as feature editor of The Breeze, SGO president, and Sigma Phi Epsilon president. In 1970, he was recognized as Man of the Year, the male counterpart to Miss Madison. Cappeto graduated from Madison College in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and in 1971 with his Master of Science in Education degree. He earned his doctoral degree from Virginia Tech. Cappeto went on to have a successful career in higher education. Between 1992 and 2003, he served as vice president and dean of the College at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. From 2005 and 2010, Cappeto served as vice president for assessment, research, and test development at CPS Placement. Additionally, he has held various faculty and administrative positions at Marymount Manhattan College, Harvey Mudd College, and Washington and Lee University.","The donor and his wife Beverlee Johnson Cappeto met with Special Collections staff on June 12, 2017 to describe their experience at Madison College and the conditions under which Michael Cappeto applied.","The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.","In the letter to Michael Cappeto dated June 12, 1967, William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid requests that Cappeto come to campus for a personal interview sometime after June 19, 1967 before the Admissions Committee can take further action on his application. Cappeto describes his interactions with DeLong in a letter dated June 30, 2011 to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations. Of his interview with DeLong, Cappeto, who was transferring from a self-described hippie college, recounted the director's words – Madison College \"doesn't need anyone coming from the north to tell us how to run things in Virginia,\" particularly in reference to African Americans. Cappeto was active in student government at his former college, Franklin Pierce College, and his perception was that the administration assumed that as a student leader, he would attempt to impose his progressive ideals onto Madison College.","Additional materials include a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home where Cappeto lived for a time while a student at Madison College, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon featuring Cappeto as president. ","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Cappeto, Michael Arnold","Smith, Steve (Charles Steven)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0053","/repositories/4/resources/418"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"creator_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"creators_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Michael Cappeto sent the documents relating to his 1967 admission to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations in June 2011. Smith then forwarded them to Special Collections.","Additional materials were donated by Cappeto via Steve Smith in September 2025. They included a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 cubic feet 2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 cubic feet 2 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBluestone\u003c/emph\u003e, 1968. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBluestone\u003c/emph\u003e, 1970. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Sixty-First Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 7, 1970.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Sixty-Second Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 6, 1971.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bluestone , 1968. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Bluestone , 1970. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Program for the Sixty-First Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 7, 1970.","Program for the Sixty-Second Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 6, 1971."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA native of Union, New Jersey, Michael Arnold Cappeto transferred to Madison College from New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce College in 1967. While at Madison, Cappeto was an active member of the student body, serving as feature editor of The Breeze, SGO president, and Sigma Phi Epsilon president. In 1970, he was recognized as Man of the Year, the male counterpart to Miss Madison. Cappeto graduated from Madison College in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and in 1971 with his Master of Science in Education degree. He earned his doctoral degree from Virginia Tech. Cappeto went on to have a successful career in higher education. Between 1992 and 2003, he served as vice president and dean of the College at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. From 2005 and 2010, Cappeto served as vice president for assessment, research, and test development at CPS Placement. Additionally, he has held various faculty and administrative positions at Marymount Manhattan College, Harvey Mudd College, and Washington and Lee University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A native of Union, New Jersey, Michael Arnold Cappeto transferred to Madison College from New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce College in 1967. While at Madison, Cappeto was an active member of the student body, serving as feature editor of The Breeze, SGO president, and Sigma Phi Epsilon president. In 1970, he was recognized as Man of the Year, the male counterpart to Miss Madison. Cappeto graduated from Madison College in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and in 1971 with his Master of Science in Education degree. He earned his doctoral degree from Virginia Tech. Cappeto went on to have a successful career in higher education. Between 1992 and 2003, he served as vice president and dean of the College at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. From 2005 and 2010, Cappeto served as vice president for assessment, research, and test development at CPS Placement. Additionally, he has held various faculty and administrative positions at Marymount Manhattan College, Harvey Mudd College, and Washington and Lee University."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Michael A. Cappeto Letters, 1967-1970, 2011, SC 0053, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Michael A. Cappeto Letters, 1967-1970, 2011, SC 0053, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor and his wife Beverlee Johnson Cappeto met with Special Collections staff on June 12, 2017 to describe their experience at Madison College and the conditions under which Michael Cappeto applied.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The donor and his wife Beverlee Johnson Cappeto met with Special Collections staff on June 12, 2017 to describe their experience at Madison College and the conditions under which Michael Cappeto applied."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter to Michael Cappeto dated June 12, 1967, William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid requests that Cappeto come to campus for a personal interview sometime after June 19, 1967 before the Admissions Committee can take further action on his application. Cappeto describes his interactions with DeLong in a letter dated June 30, 2011 to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations. Of his interview with DeLong, Cappeto, who was transferring from a self-described hippie college, recounted the director's words – Madison College \"doesn't need anyone coming from the north to tell us how to run things in Virginia,\" particularly in reference to African Americans. Cappeto was active in student government at his former college, Franklin Pierce College, and his perception was that the administration assumed that as a student leader, he would attempt to impose his progressive ideals onto Madison College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional materials include a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home where Cappeto lived for a time while a student at Madison College, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon featuring Cappeto as president. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.","In the letter to Michael Cappeto dated June 12, 1967, William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid requests that Cappeto come to campus for a personal interview sometime after June 19, 1967 before the Admissions Committee can take further action on his application. Cappeto describes his interactions with DeLong in a letter dated June 30, 2011 to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations. Of his interview with DeLong, Cappeto, who was transferring from a self-described hippie college, recounted the director's words – Madison College \"doesn't need anyone coming from the north to tell us how to run things in Virginia,\" particularly in reference to African Americans. Cappeto was active in student government at his former college, Franklin Pierce College, and his perception was that the administration assumed that as a student leader, he would attempt to impose his progressive ideals onto Madison College.","Additional materials include a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home where Cappeto lived for a time while a student at Madison College, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon featuring Cappeto as president. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae3530c9385488ce9a3071643c17072e\"\u003eThe Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction."],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Cappeto, Michael Arnold","Smith, Steve (Charles Steven)"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold","Smith, Steve (Charles Steven)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:27:55.820Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_418","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_418.xml","title_ssm":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-1970","2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-1970"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0053","/repositories/4/resources/418"],"text":["SC 0053","/repositories/4/resources/418","Michael A. Cappeto papers","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Bluestone , 1968. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Bluestone , 1970. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Program for the Sixty-First Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 7, 1970.","Program for the Sixty-Second Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 6, 1971.","A native of Union, New Jersey, Michael Arnold Cappeto transferred to Madison College from New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce College in 1967. While at Madison, Cappeto was an active member of the student body, serving as feature editor of The Breeze, SGO president, and Sigma Phi Epsilon president. In 1970, he was recognized as Man of the Year, the male counterpart to Miss Madison. Cappeto graduated from Madison College in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and in 1971 with his Master of Science in Education degree. He earned his doctoral degree from Virginia Tech. Cappeto went on to have a successful career in higher education. Between 1992 and 2003, he served as vice president and dean of the College at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. From 2005 and 2010, Cappeto served as vice president for assessment, research, and test development at CPS Placement. Additionally, he has held various faculty and administrative positions at Marymount Manhattan College, Harvey Mudd College, and Washington and Lee University.","The donor and his wife Beverlee Johnson Cappeto met with Special Collections staff on June 12, 2017 to describe their experience at Madison College and the conditions under which Michael Cappeto applied.","The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.","In the letter to Michael Cappeto dated June 12, 1967, William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid requests that Cappeto come to campus for a personal interview sometime after June 19, 1967 before the Admissions Committee can take further action on his application. Cappeto describes his interactions with DeLong in a letter dated June 30, 2011 to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations. Of his interview with DeLong, Cappeto, who was transferring from a self-described hippie college, recounted the director's words – Madison College \"doesn't need anyone coming from the north to tell us how to run things in Virginia,\" particularly in reference to African Americans. Cappeto was active in student government at his former college, Franklin Pierce College, and his perception was that the administration assumed that as a student leader, he would attempt to impose his progressive ideals onto Madison College.","Additional materials include a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home where Cappeto lived for a time while a student at Madison College, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon featuring Cappeto as president. ","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Cappeto, Michael Arnold","Smith, Steve (Charles Steven)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0053","/repositories/4/resources/418"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Cappeto papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"creator_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"creators_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Michael Cappeto sent the documents relating to his 1967 admission to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations in June 2011. Smith then forwarded them to Special Collections.","Additional materials were donated by Cappeto via Steve Smith in September 2025. They included a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 cubic feet 2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 cubic feet 2 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBluestone\u003c/emph\u003e, 1968. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBluestone\u003c/emph\u003e, 1970. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Sixty-First Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 7, 1970.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Sixty-Second Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 6, 1971.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bluestone , 1968. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Bluestone , 1970. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Program for the Sixty-First Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 7, 1970.","Program for the Sixty-Second Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 6, 1971."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA native of Union, New Jersey, Michael Arnold Cappeto transferred to Madison College from New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce College in 1967. While at Madison, Cappeto was an active member of the student body, serving as feature editor of The Breeze, SGO president, and Sigma Phi Epsilon president. In 1970, he was recognized as Man of the Year, the male counterpart to Miss Madison. Cappeto graduated from Madison College in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and in 1971 with his Master of Science in Education degree. He earned his doctoral degree from Virginia Tech. Cappeto went on to have a successful career in higher education. Between 1992 and 2003, he served as vice president and dean of the College at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. From 2005 and 2010, Cappeto served as vice president for assessment, research, and test development at CPS Placement. Additionally, he has held various faculty and administrative positions at Marymount Manhattan College, Harvey Mudd College, and Washington and Lee University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A native of Union, New Jersey, Michael Arnold Cappeto transferred to Madison College from New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce College in 1967. While at Madison, Cappeto was an active member of the student body, serving as feature editor of The Breeze, SGO president, and Sigma Phi Epsilon president. In 1970, he was recognized as Man of the Year, the male counterpart to Miss Madison. Cappeto graduated from Madison College in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and in 1971 with his Master of Science in Education degree. He earned his doctoral degree from Virginia Tech. Cappeto went on to have a successful career in higher education. Between 1992 and 2003, he served as vice president and dean of the College at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. From 2005 and 2010, Cappeto served as vice president for assessment, research, and test development at CPS Placement. Additionally, he has held various faculty and administrative positions at Marymount Manhattan College, Harvey Mudd College, and Washington and Lee University."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Michael A. Cappeto Letters, 1967-1970, 2011, SC 0053, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Michael A. Cappeto Letters, 1967-1970, 2011, SC 0053, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor and his wife Beverlee Johnson Cappeto met with Special Collections staff on June 12, 2017 to describe their experience at Madison College and the conditions under which Michael Cappeto applied.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The donor and his wife Beverlee Johnson Cappeto met with Special Collections staff on June 12, 2017 to describe their experience at Madison College and the conditions under which Michael Cappeto applied."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter to Michael Cappeto dated June 12, 1967, William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid requests that Cappeto come to campus for a personal interview sometime after June 19, 1967 before the Admissions Committee can take further action on his application. Cappeto describes his interactions with DeLong in a letter dated June 30, 2011 to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations. Of his interview with DeLong, Cappeto, who was transferring from a self-described hippie college, recounted the director's words – Madison College \"doesn't need anyone coming from the north to tell us how to run things in Virginia,\" particularly in reference to African Americans. Cappeto was active in student government at his former college, Franklin Pierce College, and his perception was that the administration assumed that as a student leader, he would attempt to impose his progressive ideals onto Madison College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional materials include a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home where Cappeto lived for a time while a student at Madison College, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon featuring Cappeto as president. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.","In the letter to Michael Cappeto dated June 12, 1967, William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid requests that Cappeto come to campus for a personal interview sometime after June 19, 1967 before the Admissions Committee can take further action on his application. Cappeto describes his interactions with DeLong in a letter dated June 30, 2011 to Steve Smith, Associate Vice President of Constituent Relations. Of his interview with DeLong, Cappeto, who was transferring from a self-described hippie college, recounted the director's words – Madison College \"doesn't need anyone coming from the north to tell us how to run things in Virginia,\" particularly in reference to African Americans. Cappeto was active in student government at his former college, Franklin Pierce College, and his perception was that the administration assumed that as a student leader, he would attempt to impose his progressive ideals onto Madison College.","Additional materials include a 1970 commencement program, a blank sheet of stationery from Wise Tourist Home where Cappeto lived for a time while a student at Madison College, and a 1970 membership photo of Sigma Phi Epsilon featuring Cappeto as president. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae3530c9385488ce9a3071643c17072e\"\u003eThe Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Michael A. Cappeto papers, 1967-1970, 2011, are comprised of several documents including a request from Madison College to prospective student Michael Cappeto for an on-campus interview with William J. DeLong, Director of Admissions and Student Aid and Michael Cappeto's personal reflection on that interaction."],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History","Cappeto, Michael Arnold","Smith, Steve (Charles Steven)"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","James Madison University -- Students -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Cappeto, Michael Arnold","Smith, Steve (Charles Steven)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:27:55.820Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_418"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2566","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Minnie A. Hill Papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2566#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of letters from supervisors or sponsors to Minnie A. Hill, a northern female teacher, who was in Norfolk and then Petersburg, Virginia teaching at freedmen's schools in the late 1860s.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2566#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2566","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2566","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2566","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2566.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hill, Minnie A. Papers","title_ssm":["Minnie A. Hill Papers"],"title_tesim":["Minnie A. Hill Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1869"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1869"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 00932","/repositories/2/resources/2566"],"text":["SC 00932","/repositories/2/resources/2566","Minnie A. Hill Papers","Buffalo (N.Y.)","New York (N.Y.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Petersburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Items are arranged chronologically with each item housed in an individual folder within a larger collection folder.","Minnie A. Hill began her tenure at the National Freedman's Relief Association in 1865, receiving her initial commission to serve as a teacher in Petersburg, Virginia. It appears she previously taught at a school in Norfolk, Virginia. In 1866, the Freedman's Union Commission reappointed Hill to another one year term. In 1867, the Commission appointed Hill as principal of a school on Pocahontas Island in Petersburg, where she served until at least 1869. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Processing and finding aid completed by Peter Klicker, SCRC staff, in 2010.","This collection consists of letters from supervisors or sponsors to Minnie A. Hill, a northern female teacher, who was in Norfolk and then Petersburg, Virginia teaching at freedmen's schools in the late 1860s.","Responding to previous correspondence, pledge of assistance (books, papers, etc.), mention of compensation, description of church.","Answering request for stationery, clothing and books; promise of assistance, words of encouragement.","Instructions for trip to New York.","Certificate of commission for NFRA, description of censure policy, rules and regulations.","Instructions for shipping of clothing, discussion of appropriations, mentions need to consult with Barnes? on legal matter, requests reply, mentions need for M. Whiting? to consult the Committee.","Notification of reappointment as teacher, instructions for trip to New York.","Certificate of commission for AFUC, one year appointment.","Mentions invoice of materials sent to M.A. Hill for herself and Miss Hubbard, discusses W.G. Hawkins proposal for summer employment at \"Rippen Hall\" near Williamsburg.","Letter of recommendation for M.A. Hill.","Mention of recent visit/interview, discussion of possible land purchase and investment.","Notification of appointment as principal at Pocahontas Va., instructions for trip to New York.","Replying to previous correspondence, discussion of possible living arrangements, words of encouragement regarding upcoming school year.","Mentions correspondences with other teachers, expresses confidence in increase of funding.","Discusses recent visit to school, mentions recent shipment of supplies (stationery, benches, desks, etc.) for new school building.","Letter accompanying check for $90 in compensation; $50 for M.A. Hill and $40 for Miss Spalding, discusses communication problem with Miss J.E.S.","Letter accompanying check for $60; one months salary and two months rent, mentions correspondences with other teachers, provides instructions for shipment of readers and other school supplies, discusses possible shortage in funding.","Letter accompanying check for $50, instructions for care of books, provides instructions for Miss Fanny regarding shipment of books, discussion of personal matters.","Invitation to attend monthly meetings of Petersburg Public School Teachers' Association.","Responding to previous correspondence regarding billing issue, requests reply, expresses condolences over unspecified loss, discusses visit to another teacher's schools.","Explains shortage of contents in box, promises to compensate for deficiency.","Responding to previous correspondence, discussion of common acquaintances and personal matters, description of potential trips, new address for future correspondences.","Before publishing or quoting from the memoir, please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 00932","/repositories/2/resources/2566"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Minnie A. Hill Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Minnie A. Hill Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Minnie A. Hill Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Buffalo (N.Y.)","New York (N.Y.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Buffalo (N.Y.)","New York (N.Y.)"],"places_ssim":["Buffalo (N.Y.)","New York (N.Y.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing or quoting from the memoir, please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Education--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Petersburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Education--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Petersburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems are arranged chronologically with each item housed in an individual folder within a larger collection folder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Items are arranged chronologically with each item housed in an individual folder within a larger collection folder."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinnie A. Hill began her tenure at the National Freedman's Relief Association in 1865, receiving her initial commission to serve as a teacher in Petersburg, Virginia. It appears she previously taught at a school in Norfolk, Virginia. In 1866, the Freedman's Union Commission reappointed Hill to another one year term. In 1867, the Commission appointed Hill as principal of a school on Pocahontas Island in Petersburg, where she served until at least 1869. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Minnie_A._Hill\" title=\"Minnie A. Hill\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Minnie A. Hill began her tenure at the National Freedman's Relief Association in 1865, receiving her initial commission to serve as a teacher in Petersburg, Virginia. It appears she previously taught at a school in Norfolk, Virginia. In 1866, the Freedman's Union Commission reappointed Hill to another one year term. In 1867, the Commission appointed Hill as principal of a school on Pocahontas Island in Petersburg, where she served until at least 1869. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinnie A. Hill Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Minnie A. Hill Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Peter Klicker, SCRC staff, in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Peter Klicker, SCRC staff, in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of letters from supervisors or sponsors to Minnie A. Hill, a northern female teacher, who was in Norfolk and then Petersburg, Virginia teaching at freedmen's schools in the late 1860s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResponding to previous correspondence, pledge of assistance (books, papers, etc.), mention of compensation, description of church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnswering request for stationery, clothing and books; promise of assistance, words of encouragement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstructions for trip to New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of commission for NFRA, description of censure policy, rules and regulations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstructions for shipping of clothing, discussion of appropriations, mentions need to consult with Barnes? on legal matter, requests reply, mentions need for M. Whiting? to consult the Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotification of reappointment as teacher, instructions for trip to New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of commission for AFUC, one year appointment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions invoice of materials sent to M.A. Hill for herself and Miss Hubbard, discusses W.G. Hawkins proposal for summer employment at \"Rippen Hall\" near Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of recommendation for M.A. Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMention of recent visit/interview, discussion of possible land purchase and investment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotification of appointment as principal at Pocahontas Va., instructions for trip to New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReplying to previous correspondence, discussion of possible living arrangements, words of encouragement regarding upcoming school year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions correspondences with other teachers, expresses confidence in increase of funding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses recent visit to school, mentions recent shipment of supplies (stationery, benches, desks, etc.) for new school building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter accompanying check for $90 in compensation; $50 for M.A. Hill and $40 for Miss Spalding, discusses communication problem with Miss J.E.S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter accompanying check for $60; one months salary and two months rent, mentions correspondences with other teachers, provides instructions for shipment of readers and other school supplies, discusses possible shortage in funding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter accompanying check for $50, instructions for care of books, provides instructions for Miss Fanny regarding shipment of books, discussion of personal matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation to attend monthly meetings of Petersburg Public School Teachers' Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResponding to previous correspondence regarding billing issue, requests reply, expresses condolences over unspecified loss, discusses visit to another teacher's schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains shortage of contents in box, promises to compensate for deficiency.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResponding to previous correspondence, discussion of common acquaintances and personal matters, description of potential trips, new address for future correspondences.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of letters from supervisors or sponsors to Minnie A. Hill, a northern female teacher, who was in Norfolk and then Petersburg, Virginia teaching at freedmen's schools in the late 1860s.","Responding to previous correspondence, pledge of assistance (books, papers, etc.), mention of compensation, description of church.","Answering request for stationery, clothing and books; promise of assistance, words of encouragement.","Instructions for trip to New York.","Certificate of commission for NFRA, description of censure policy, rules and regulations.","Instructions for shipping of clothing, discussion of appropriations, mentions need to consult with Barnes? on legal matter, requests reply, mentions need for M. Whiting? to consult the Committee.","Notification of reappointment as teacher, instructions for trip to New York.","Certificate of commission for AFUC, one year appointment.","Mentions invoice of materials sent to M.A. Hill for herself and Miss Hubbard, discusses W.G. 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Papers","title_ssm":["Minnie A. Hill Papers"],"title_tesim":["Minnie A. Hill Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1869"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1869"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 00932","/repositories/2/resources/2566"],"text":["SC 00932","/repositories/2/resources/2566","Minnie A. Hill Papers","Buffalo (N.Y.)","New York (N.Y.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Petersburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Letters (correspondence)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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