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The loose papers are arranged chronologically with any undated materials last.","\"United States Census, 1900,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MMFC-V7H : accessed 13 September 2017), Mattie E Mowry in household of George A Mowry, Middle River District (New Hope \u0026 Red Mills Precincts) New Hope town, Augusta, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 26, sheet 12B, family 193, NARA microfilm publication T623 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1972.); FHL microfilm 1,241,700.","Find a Grave. Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry Memorial # 58843263. (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr\u0026GRid=58843263) Accessed September 13, 2017.","Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry (September 30, 1852 - July 16, 1924) was born to Franklin and Ann Catherine Fretwell in Augusta County, Virginia. Mattie married into an established family in Augusta County. She lived in New Hope in Augusta County with her husband, George Alexander Mowry, where they ran the Solitude farm. They had seven children, one of which died prior to 1900. George died in November 1900, leaving Martha a widow until her own death. According to George's obituary, he was connected with one of the large agricultural machine manufactories.","Loose papers inside the ledger have been removed and sorted chronologically in a separate folder.","The Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, that documents the Mowry farm \"Solitude,\" includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Many of the items record typical farm items such as eggs and butter but also included are records of hired labor and miscellaneous household expenses such as a bill for a hotel stay in Virginia.","Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers. They include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The papers comprise of the following companies and agencies: the Commonwealth of Virginia, Arm \u0026 Hammer, The International Tailoring Co., Augusta Farmers' Co-Operative Union, Humbert \u0026 Borden, Balers and Threshers, Harrisonburg City Produce Exchange, W.F Fretwell, Crawford and Wilberger, Knightly Milling Company, and Laurel Roller Mills. There is one loose paper that pertains to Alexander Mowry. Some of the papers are older than the official start of the ledger in 1896.","The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies, such as facts for housekeepers and how to clean feathers. The majority of the dates used in the ledger are from 1896 till Mowry's death in 1924 although there are a couple of entries from 1925 and 1926. 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(https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr\u0026GRid=58843263) Accessed September 13, 2017."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMartha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry (September 30, 1852 - July 16, 1924) was born to Franklin and Ann Catherine Fretwell in Augusta County, Virginia. Mattie married into an established family in Augusta County. She lived in New Hope in Augusta County with her husband, George Alexander Mowry, where they ran the Solitude farm. They had seven children, one of which died prior to 1900. George died in November 1900, leaving Martha a widow until her own death. According to George's obituary, he was connected with one of the large agricultural machine manufactories.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry (September 30, 1852 - July 16, 1924) was born to Franklin and Ann Catherine Fretwell in Augusta County, Virginia. Mattie married into an established family in Augusta County. She lived in New Hope in Augusta County with her husband, George Alexander Mowry, where they ran the Solitude farm. They had seven children, one of which died prior to 1900. George died in November 1900, leaving Martha a widow until her own death. According to George's obituary, he was connected with one of the large agricultural machine manufactories."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, SC 0245, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, SC 0245, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLoose papers inside the ledger have been removed and sorted chronologically in a separate folder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Loose papers inside the ledger have been removed and sorted chronologically in a separate folder."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, that documents the Mowry farm \"Solitude,\" includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Many of the items record typical farm items such as eggs and butter but also included are records of hired labor and miscellaneous household expenses such as a bill for a hotel stay in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers. They include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The papers comprise of the following companies and agencies: the Commonwealth of Virginia, Arm \u0026amp; Hammer, The International Tailoring Co., Augusta Farmers' Co-Operative Union, Humbert \u0026amp; Borden, Balers and Threshers, Harrisonburg City Produce Exchange, W.F Fretwell, Crawford and Wilberger, Knightly Milling Company, and Laurel Roller Mills. There is one loose paper that pertains to Alexander Mowry. Some of the papers are older than the official start of the ledger in 1896.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies, such as facts for housekeepers and how to clean feathers. The majority of the dates used in the ledger are from 1896 till Mowry's death in 1924 although there are a couple of entries from 1925 and 1926. The creator of these entries is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, that documents the Mowry farm \"Solitude,\" includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Many of the items record typical farm items such as eggs and butter but also included are records of hired labor and miscellaneous household expenses such as a bill for a hotel stay in Virginia.","Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers. They include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The papers comprise of the following companies and agencies: the Commonwealth of Virginia, Arm \u0026 Hammer, The International Tailoring Co., Augusta Farmers' Co-Operative Union, Humbert \u0026 Borden, Balers and Threshers, Harrisonburg City Produce Exchange, W.F Fretwell, Crawford and Wilberger, Knightly Milling Company, and Laurel Roller Mills. There is one loose paper that pertains to Alexander Mowry. Some of the papers are older than the official start of the ledger in 1896.","The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies, such as facts for housekeepers and how to clean feathers. The majority of the dates used in the ledger are from 1896 till Mowry's death in 1924 although there are a couple of entries from 1925 and 1926. The creator of these entries is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2595d8db9c739f1994bd892c73e55322\"\u003eThe Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers that include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies. The majority of the dates in the ledger are between 1896 and 1924, although there are some 1925 and 1926 dates.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers that include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies. The majority of the dates in the ledger are between 1896 and 1924, although there are some 1925 and 1926 dates."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Mowry, Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell, 1852-1924"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Mowry, Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell, 1852-1924"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_422","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_422","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_422","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_422","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_422.xml","title_ssm":["Mattie E. 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The loose papers are arranged chronologically with any undated materials last.","\"United States Census, 1900,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MMFC-V7H : accessed 13 September 2017), Mattie E Mowry in household of George A Mowry, Middle River District (New Hope \u0026 Red Mills Precincts) New Hope town, Augusta, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 26, sheet 12B, family 193, NARA microfilm publication T623 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1972.); FHL microfilm 1,241,700.","Find a Grave. Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry Memorial # 58843263. (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr\u0026GRid=58843263) Accessed September 13, 2017.","Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry (September 30, 1852 - July 16, 1924) was born to Franklin and Ann Catherine Fretwell in Augusta County, Virginia. Mattie married into an established family in Augusta County. She lived in New Hope in Augusta County with her husband, George Alexander Mowry, where they ran the Solitude farm. They had seven children, one of which died prior to 1900. George died in November 1900, leaving Martha a widow until her own death. According to George's obituary, he was connected with one of the large agricultural machine manufactories.","Loose papers inside the ledger have been removed and sorted chronologically in a separate folder.","The Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, that documents the Mowry farm \"Solitude,\" includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Many of the items record typical farm items such as eggs and butter but also included are records of hired labor and miscellaneous household expenses such as a bill for a hotel stay in Virginia.","Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers. They include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The papers comprise of the following companies and agencies: the Commonwealth of Virginia, Arm \u0026 Hammer, The International Tailoring Co., Augusta Farmers' Co-Operative Union, Humbert \u0026 Borden, Balers and Threshers, Harrisonburg City Produce Exchange, W.F Fretwell, Crawford and Wilberger, Knightly Milling Company, and Laurel Roller Mills. There is one loose paper that pertains to Alexander Mowry. Some of the papers are older than the official start of the ledger in 1896.","The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies, such as facts for housekeepers and how to clean feathers. The majority of the dates used in the ledger are from 1896 till Mowry's death in 1924 although there are a couple of entries from 1925 and 1926. The creator of these entries is unknown.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers that include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies. The majority of the dates in the ledger are between 1896 and 1924, although there are some 1925 and 1926 dates.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Mowry, Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell, 1852-1924","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mattie E. 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(https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr\u0026amp;GRid=58843263) Accessed September 13, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"United States Census, 1900,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MMFC-V7H : accessed 13 September 2017), Mattie E Mowry in household of George A Mowry, Middle River District (New Hope \u0026 Red Mills Precincts) New Hope town, Augusta, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 26, sheet 12B, family 193, NARA microfilm publication T623 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1972.); FHL microfilm 1,241,700.","Find a Grave. Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry Memorial # 58843263. (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr\u0026GRid=58843263) Accessed September 13, 2017."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMartha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry (September 30, 1852 - July 16, 1924) was born to Franklin and Ann Catherine Fretwell in Augusta County, Virginia. Mattie married into an established family in Augusta County. She lived in New Hope in Augusta County with her husband, George Alexander Mowry, where they ran the Solitude farm. They had seven children, one of which died prior to 1900. George died in November 1900, leaving Martha a widow until her own death. According to George's obituary, he was connected with one of the large agricultural machine manufactories.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell Mowry (September 30, 1852 - July 16, 1924) was born to Franklin and Ann Catherine Fretwell in Augusta County, Virginia. Mattie married into an established family in Augusta County. She lived in New Hope in Augusta County with her husband, George Alexander Mowry, where they ran the Solitude farm. They had seven children, one of which died prior to 1900. George died in November 1900, leaving Martha a widow until her own death. According to George's obituary, he was connected with one of the large agricultural machine manufactories."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, SC 0245, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, SC 0245, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLoose papers inside the ledger have been removed and sorted chronologically in a separate folder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Loose papers inside the ledger have been removed and sorted chronologically in a separate folder."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, that documents the Mowry farm \"Solitude,\" includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Many of the items record typical farm items such as eggs and butter but also included are records of hired labor and miscellaneous household expenses such as a bill for a hotel stay in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers. They include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The papers comprise of the following companies and agencies: the Commonwealth of Virginia, Arm \u0026amp; Hammer, The International Tailoring Co., Augusta Farmers' Co-Operative Union, Humbert \u0026amp; Borden, Balers and Threshers, Harrisonburg City Produce Exchange, W.F Fretwell, Crawford and Wilberger, Knightly Milling Company, and Laurel Roller Mills. There is one loose paper that pertains to Alexander Mowry. Some of the papers are older than the official start of the ledger in 1896.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies, such as facts for housekeepers and how to clean feathers. The majority of the dates used in the ledger are from 1896 till Mowry's death in 1924 although there are a couple of entries from 1925 and 1926. The creator of these entries is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, that documents the Mowry farm \"Solitude,\" includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Many of the items record typical farm items such as eggs and butter but also included are records of hired labor and miscellaneous household expenses such as a bill for a hotel stay in Virginia.","Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers. They include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The papers comprise of the following companies and agencies: the Commonwealth of Virginia, Arm \u0026 Hammer, The International Tailoring Co., Augusta Farmers' Co-Operative Union, Humbert \u0026 Borden, Balers and Threshers, Harrisonburg City Produce Exchange, W.F Fretwell, Crawford and Wilberger, Knightly Milling Company, and Laurel Roller Mills. There is one loose paper that pertains to Alexander Mowry. Some of the papers are older than the official start of the ledger in 1896.","The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies, such as facts for housekeepers and how to clean feathers. The majority of the dates used in the ledger are from 1896 till Mowry's death in 1924 although there are a couple of entries from 1925 and 1926. The creator of these entries is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2595d8db9c739f1994bd892c73e55322\"\u003eThe Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers that include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies. The majority of the dates in the ledger are between 1896 and 1924, although there are some 1925 and 1926 dates.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Mattie E. Mowry Farm Ledger, 1896-1926, includes 342 pages, of which, 213 pages are blank. Ledger begins with inventory following expense and sales trackers including grain, livestock, animal products, labor, bills, and miscellaneous. Inside the ledger were a large number of laid in papers that include calculations, personal notes, and tax statements. The back of the ledger includes multiple templates, tables, how-tos, rules, and remedies. The majority of the dates in the ledger are between 1896 and 1924, although there are some 1925 and 1926 dates."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Mowry, Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell, 1852-1924"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Mowry, Martha Elizabeth \"Mattie\" Fretwell, 1852-1924"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_422"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_213.xml","title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1913"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"text":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913","SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912","Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.","Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.","The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044.","J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Records were donated by the present building owner, McHone Brothers, LLC, in 2000. The collection was discovered in the late 1990s during renovations to the Houck Building on Court Square (71 South Main) in downtown Harrisonburg, the former offices of the Houck Tannery and store."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAccount Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunication, 1900-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1891-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDistribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBarb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eCoakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 28 February 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing\u003c/emph\u003e.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 March 1908.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003ePrice, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e III:1, April 1979.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 July 1913.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImages of America: Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlaces, Faces \u0026amp; Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026amp; the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026amp; Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b4734e58550bfc23c19147f1802ed60\"\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:12.722Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_213.xml","title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1913"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"text":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913","SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912","Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.","Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.","The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044.","J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870/1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Records were donated by the present building owner, McHone Brothers, LLC, in 2000. The collection was discovered in the late 1990s during renovations to the Houck Building on Court Square (71 South Main) in downtown Harrisonburg, the former offices of the Houck Tannery and store."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAccount Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunication, 1900-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1891-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDistribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\n      Communication, 1900-1912\n      Financial Documents, 1891-1912\n      Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\n      J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBarb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eCoakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 28 February 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing\u003c/emph\u003e.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 March 1908.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003ePrice, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e III:1, April 1979.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 July 1913.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImages of America: Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlaces, Faces \u0026amp; Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" Daily News-Record, 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M. An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" Harrisonburg Daily News, 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" Rockingham Recorder III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  Daily News-Record, 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Images of America: Harrisonburg.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W. Historic Harrisonburg.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026amp; the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book Historic Harrisonburg that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026amp; Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b4734e58550bfc23c19147f1802ed60\"\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:12.722Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_213"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_790","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"M. E. Greene ledger, 1895/1912","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_790#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Greene, M. E. 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Greene ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1895-1912"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1912"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895/1912"],"normalized_title_ssm":["M. E. Greene ledger, 1895/1912"],"text":["M. E. Greene ledger, 1895/1912","SC 0409","/repositories/4/resources/790","Spottswood (Va.)","Spottswood (Va.) -- Economic conditions","Spottswood (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History","Lumber -- Virginia -- Augusta County","Lumber -- Virginia -- Spottswood","Lumbering -- Virginia -- Augusta County","Lumbering -- Virginia -- Spottswood","Lumber trade -- Virginia -- Augusta County","Lumber trade -- Virginia -- Spottswood","Forest products industry -- Virginia -- Augusta County","Forest products industry -- Virginia -- Spottswood","Industries -- Virginia -- Augusta County","Industries -- Virginia -- Spottswood","Account books -- Virginia -- Augusta County","Augusta County (Va.) -- Economic conditions","Ledgers (account books)","Receipts (financial records)","Account books -- Virginia -- Spottswood","Business records -- Virginia -- Augusta County","Business records -- Virginia -- Spottswood","Rebound.","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Milton Erastus Greene (1876-1942) was a lifelong resident of Augusta County where he was a landowner, real estate dealer, and contractor. Per the 1910 census, Greene was employed as a contractor for the lumber industry (a lumber distributor/wholesale dealer in lumber according to canceled checks laid in the ledger).","From a Shenandoah Valley private collection.","One bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer M. E. Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia. The ledger includes an alphabetical index of customer names followed by pages of individual accounts including descriptions of services rendered, materials (primarily lumber) sold by Greene, and other credits and debits. Greene dealt in oak, chestnut, pine, poplar, etc., with individuals as well as local and national companies including Basic Furniture Co. (Waynesboro), W. W. Putnam Organ Co. (Staunton), Kidd and Buckingham Lumber Co. (Spottswood), Blue Ridge Lumber Co., Valley Tie \u0026 Lumber Co., Cumberland Valley Spoke \u0026 Bending Co., American Lumber and Manufacturing Co., Chicago Lumber Co., Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Hagerstown Table Works, and others. Individual names listed include Campbell, Lilley, Lamb, Noble, Decker, Berry, Southers, McClure, and others.","Assorted receipts for M. E. Greene that were previously attached to pages with straight pins were detached and placed loose in the ledger.","Five Lambert Brothers and Lambert Manufacturing Company (Waynesboro) receipts for chairs and lumber are loose inside the front cover of the ledger. 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Greene ledger, 1895-1912, SC 0409, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], M. E. Greene ledger, 1895-1912, SC 0409, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer M. E. Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia. The ledger includes an alphabetical index of customer names followed by pages of individual accounts including descriptions of services rendered, materials (primarily lumber) sold by Greene, and other credits and debits. Greene dealt in oak, chestnut, pine, poplar, etc., with individuals as well as local and national companies including Basic Furniture Co. (Waynesboro), W. W. Putnam Organ Co. (Staunton), Kidd and Buckingham Lumber Co. (Spottswood), Blue Ridge Lumber Co., Valley Tie \u0026amp; Lumber Co., Cumberland Valley Spoke \u0026amp; Bending Co., American Lumber and Manufacturing Co., Chicago Lumber Co., Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Hagerstown Table Works, and others. Individual names listed include Campbell, Lilley, Lamb, Noble, Decker, Berry, Southers, McClure, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssorted receipts for M. E. Greene that were previously attached to pages with straight pins were detached and placed loose in the ledger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFive Lambert Brothers and Lambert Manufacturing Company (Waynesboro) receipts for chairs and lumber are loose inside the front cover of the ledger. The receipts date from 1895 to 1911.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["One bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer M. E. Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia. The ledger includes an alphabetical index of customer names followed by pages of individual accounts including descriptions of services rendered, materials (primarily lumber) sold by Greene, and other credits and debits. Greene dealt in oak, chestnut, pine, poplar, etc., with individuals as well as local and national companies including Basic Furniture Co. (Waynesboro), W. W. Putnam Organ Co. (Staunton), Kidd and Buckingham Lumber Co. (Spottswood), Blue Ridge Lumber Co., Valley Tie \u0026 Lumber Co., Cumberland Valley Spoke \u0026 Bending Co., American Lumber and Manufacturing Co., Chicago Lumber Co., Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Hagerstown Table Works, and others. Individual names listed include Campbell, Lilley, Lamb, Noble, Decker, Berry, Southers, McClure, and others.","Assorted receipts for M. E. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7ce42ca5b429daf8f505c60081c619ed\"\u003eOne bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer Milton Erastus Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["One bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer Milton Erastus Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"persname_ssim":["Greene, M. E. (Milton Erastus), 1876-1942"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Greene, M. E. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Milton Erastus Greene (1876-1942) was a lifelong resident of Augusta County where he was a landowner, real estate dealer, and contractor. Per the 1910 census, Greene was employed as a contractor for the lumber industry (a lumber distributor/wholesale dealer in lumber according to canceled checks laid in the ledger).","From a Shenandoah Valley private collection.","One bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer M. E. Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia. The ledger includes an alphabetical index of customer names followed by pages of individual accounts including descriptions of services rendered, materials (primarily lumber) sold by Greene, and other credits and debits. Greene dealt in oak, chestnut, pine, poplar, etc., with individuals as well as local and national companies including Basic Furniture Co. (Waynesboro), W. W. Putnam Organ Co. (Staunton), Kidd and Buckingham Lumber Co. (Spottswood), Blue Ridge Lumber Co., Valley Tie \u0026 Lumber Co., Cumberland Valley Spoke \u0026 Bending Co., American Lumber and Manufacturing Co., Chicago Lumber Co., Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Hagerstown Table Works, and others. Individual names listed include Campbell, Lilley, Lamb, Noble, Decker, Berry, Southers, McClure, and others.","Assorted receipts for M. E. Greene that were previously attached to pages with straight pins were detached and placed loose in the ledger.","Five Lambert Brothers and Lambert Manufacturing Company (Waynesboro) receipts for chairs and lumber are loose inside the front cover of the ledger. The receipts date from 1895 to 1911.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","One bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer Milton Erastus Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Greene, M. E. (Milton Erastus), 1876-1942","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["M. E. Greene ledger, 1895/1912"],"collection_ssim":["M. E. 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(Spottswood), Blue Ridge Lumber Co., Valley Tie \u0026amp; Lumber Co., Cumberland Valley Spoke \u0026amp; Bending Co., American Lumber and Manufacturing Co., Chicago Lumber Co., Buffalo Hardwood Lumber Co., Hagerstown Table Works, and others. Individual names listed include Campbell, Lilley, Lamb, Noble, Decker, Berry, Southers, McClure, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssorted receipts for M. E. Greene that were previously attached to pages with straight pins were detached and placed loose in the ledger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFive Lambert Brothers and Lambert Manufacturing Company (Waynesboro) receipts for chairs and lumber are loose inside the front cover of the ledger. The receipts date from 1895 to 1911.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["One bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer M. E. Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7ce42ca5b429daf8f505c60081c619ed\"\u003eOne bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer Milton Erastus Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["One bound ledger documenting the business activities of wholesale lumber dealer Milton Erastus Greene who was based out of Spottswood in Augusta County, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"persname_ssim":["Greene, M. E. (Milton Erastus), 1876-1942"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Greene, M. E. (Milton Erastus), 1876-1942"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_790"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Morrison, G. A.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various other stock related transactions.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4089.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger","title_ssm":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1906"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1906"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891/1906"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906"],"text":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906","Ms.2023.044","/repositories/2/resources/4089","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger appears to have been kept by a G. A. Morrison who was a stock broker in late 18th and early 19th century Virginia. No other information could be found.","The guide to the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was completed in June 2023.","The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various stock related transactions, probably made by G. A. Morrison in Virginia. It also includes a number of pages tracking bills and expenses. Some of the content relates to a \"First National Bank\", but it is unclear if this bank is in Roanoke or elsewhere.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various other stock related transactions.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Morrison, G. A.","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906"],"collection_ssim":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.044","/repositories/2/resources/4089"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.044","/repositories/2/resources/4089"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Morrison, G. A."],"creator_ssim":["Morrison, G. A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Morrison, G. A."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Morrison, G. A.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in July 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger appears to have been kept by a G. 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No other information could be found."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891-1906, Ms2023-044, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891-1906, Ms2023-044, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was completed in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was completed in June 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various stock related transactions, probably made by G. 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Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c29ac9bd1bd1db1499e3320e63709c3b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various other stock related transactions.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various other stock related transactions."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Morrison, G. A."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Morrison, G. A."],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4089.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger","title_ssm":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1906"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1906"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891/1906"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906"],"text":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906","Ms.2023.044","/repositories/2/resources/4089","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger appears to have been kept by a G. A. Morrison who was a stock broker in late 18th and early 19th century Virginia. No other information could be found.","The guide to the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was completed in June 2023.","The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various stock related transactions, probably made by G. A. Morrison in Virginia. It also includes a number of pages tracking bills and expenses. Some of the content relates to a \"First National Bank\", but it is unclear if this bank is in Roanoke or elsewhere.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various other stock related transactions.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Morrison, G. A.","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906"],"collection_ssim":["Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891/1906"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.044","/repositories/2/resources/4089"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.044","/repositories/2/resources/4089"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Morrison, G. A."],"creator_ssim":["Morrison, G. A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Morrison, G. A."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Morrison, G. A.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in July 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger appears to have been kept by a G. A. Morrison who was a stock broker in late 18th and early 19th century Virginia. No other information could be found.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger appears to have been kept by a G. A. Morrison who was a stock broker in late 18th and early 19th century Virginia. No other information could be found."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891-1906, Ms2023-044, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger, 1891-1906, Ms2023-044, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was completed in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger was completed in June 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various stock related transactions, probably made by G. A. Morrison in Virginia. It also includes a number of pages tracking bills and expenses. Some of the content relates to a \"First National Bank\", but it is unclear if this bank is in Roanoke or elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various stock related transactions, probably made by G. A. Morrison in Virginia. It also includes a number of pages tracking bills and expenses. Some of the content relates to a \"First National Bank\", but it is unclear if this bank is in Roanoke or elsewhere."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c29ac9bd1bd1db1499e3320e63709c3b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various other stock related transactions.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Morrison Stock and First National Bank Ledger includes lists of stock holders, stock transfers, and various other stock related transactions."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Morrison, G. A."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Morrison, G. A."],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4089"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4086.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger","title_ssm":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896-1924"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924"],"text":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924","Ms.2023.041","/repositories/2/resources/4086","Pittsylvania County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- Suffrage","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the Commonwealth of Virginia and was established in 1767. The county is named in honor of William Pitt, the Earl of Chatham, in recognition for his support of the American colonies during Stamp Act Crisis in 1765. The county is formed from the western portion of Halifax County and took on its size when Henry and Patrick counties separated from it in 1777.","External source:","\"Pittsylvania County History\", pittsylvaniacountyva.gov, https://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county, accessed on June 7, 2023.","The guide to the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was completed in June 2023.","The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924"],"collection_ssim":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.041","/repositories/2/resources/4086"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.041","/repositories/2/resources/4086"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Pittsylvania County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Pittsylvania County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Pittsylvania County (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in March 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- Suffrage","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- Suffrage","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePittsylvania County is the largest county in the Commonwealth of Virginia and was established in 1767. The county is named in honor of William Pitt, the Earl of Chatham, in recognition for his support of the American colonies during Stamp Act Crisis in 1765. The county is formed from the western portion of Halifax County and took on its size when Henry and Patrick counties separated from it in 1777. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal source:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Pittsylvania County History\", pittsylvaniacountyva.gov, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county\"\u003ehttps://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 7, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the Commonwealth of Virginia and was established in 1767. The county is named in honor of William Pitt, the Earl of Chatham, in recognition for his support of the American colonies during Stamp Act Crisis in 1765. The county is formed from the western portion of Halifax County and took on its size when Henry and Patrick counties separated from it in 1777.","External source:","\"Pittsylvania County History\", pittsylvaniacountyva.gov, https://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county, accessed on June 7, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896-1924, Ms2023-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896-1924, Ms2023-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was completed in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was completed in June 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1ae22b1177febf7bba4c66cd901d6503\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4086.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger","title_ssm":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896-1924"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924"],"text":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924","Ms.2023.041","/repositories/2/resources/4086","Pittsylvania County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- Suffrage","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the Commonwealth of Virginia and was established in 1767. The county is named in honor of William Pitt, the Earl of Chatham, in recognition for his support of the American colonies during Stamp Act Crisis in 1765. The county is formed from the western portion of Halifax County and took on its size when Henry and Patrick counties separated from it in 1777.","External source:","\"Pittsylvania County History\", pittsylvaniacountyva.gov, https://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county, accessed on June 7, 2023.","The guide to the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was completed in June 2023.","The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The material in this collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924"],"collection_ssim":["Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896/1924"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.041","/repositories/2/resources/4086"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.041","/repositories/2/resources/4086"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Pittsylvania County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Pittsylvania County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Pittsylvania County (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in March 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- Suffrage","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- Suffrage","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePittsylvania County is the largest county in the Commonwealth of Virginia and was established in 1767. The county is named in honor of William Pitt, the Earl of Chatham, in recognition for his support of the American colonies during Stamp Act Crisis in 1765. The county is formed from the western portion of Halifax County and took on its size when Henry and Patrick counties separated from it in 1777. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal source:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Pittsylvania County History\", pittsylvaniacountyva.gov, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county\"\u003ehttps://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 7, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the Commonwealth of Virginia and was established in 1767. The county is named in honor of William Pitt, the Earl of Chatham, in recognition for his support of the American colonies during Stamp Act Crisis in 1765. The county is formed from the western portion of Halifax County and took on its size when Henry and Patrick counties separated from it in 1777.","External source:","\"Pittsylvania County History\", pittsylvaniacountyva.gov, https://www.pittsylvaniacountyva.gov/community/about-pittsylvania-county/history-of-pittsylvania-county, accessed on June 7, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896-1924, Ms2023-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger, 1896-1924, Ms2023-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was completed in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger was completed in June 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1ae22b1177febf7bba4c66cd901d6503\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Pittsylvania County Voter Ledger contains the names of individuals registered to vote in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, from 1896-1924. Separated into a folder are lists of women registering to vote in the 1920s for the first time after the passage of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4086"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2578.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger","title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1889-1921"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1889-1921"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1889/1921"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"text":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921","Ms.2010.025","Tazewell County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.","The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.","This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"collection_ssim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in 1997. The volume was purchased under the title \"Norfolk and Western Cash Ledger,\" but upon closer inspection in 2010 was found to relate to the Radford Brick Company."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8c9798b33f18b9398ca2d76d6381fc82\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:23.643Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2578.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger","title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1889-1921"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1889-1921"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1889/1921"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"text":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921","Ms.2010.025","Tazewell County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.","The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.","This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"collection_ssim":["Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, 1889/1921"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in 1997. The volume was purchased under the title \"Norfolk and Western Cash Ledger,\" but upon closer inspection in 2010 was found to relate to the Radford Brick Company."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Radford Brick Company was chartered in 1889 for the purpose of manufacturing and selling brick. The company purchased 30 acres of land at Tiptop (Tazewell County) and located its plant there. Under long-time manager George Shafer, bricks were manufactured with clay dug on site. By 1901, the plant was able to manufacture six million bricks per year and was furnishing all of the brick used by the Norfolk and Western Railway in construction. By 1911, when the plant temporarily closed, it had an annual production capacity of eight million bricks. In 1912, the plant was purchased by Hoge Mason, of Bluefield, West Virginia, and renamed the Tiptop Brick Company, with W. H. Shuff serving as manager."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger, Ms2010-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Radford Brick Company Cash Ledger commenced and was completed in May 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single cash ledger from the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century. The ledger contains entries for the company's income and expenditures. The first entry is dated October 11, 1889 and begins a list of stock sales. Entries for later dates detail income from sales of bricks, as well as expenditures for such items as machinery, equipment, labor, and freight. Following the sale of the company to Hoge Mason in 1912, the ledger's only recorded income derives from interest and Mason's note payments. Stock payments are also recorded. The final entry in the ledger is dated January 1, 1921."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8c9798b33f18b9398ca2d76d6381fc82\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains a cash ledger of the Radford Brick Company, which operated a manufacturing plant at Tiptop (Tazewell County), Virginia around the turn of the twentieth century."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Radford Brick Company (1889-1912) (Tazewell County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:23.643Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2578"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2835.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers","title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-1896"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1896"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/1896"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"text":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896","Ms.2012.081","Pulaski County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.","The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books.","The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.","See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"collection_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.081"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.081"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Reed Island Company Ledgers were acquired by Special Collections prior to 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDirectory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=juo7AQAAMAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA36\u0026amp;ots=xQlmvoQ0U-\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA36#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSupplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=8SYqAAAAYAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;ots=-oar486eHZ\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA33#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\" show=\"new\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2459.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eReed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_48ed9def8be36c8b1649e308496e701e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:53.929Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2835.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers","title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-1896"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1896"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/1896"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"text":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896","Ms.2012.081","Pulaski County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.","The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books.","The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.","See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"collection_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, 1880/1896"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.081"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.081"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Pulaski County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Reed Island Company Ledgers were acquired by Special Collections prior to 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series, both of which are arranged chronologically, Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers, 1880-1893, and Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers, 1886-1896."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDirectory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=juo7AQAAMAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA36\u0026amp;ots=xQlmvoQ0U-\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA36#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSupplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States\u003c/title\u003e. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=8SYqAAAAYAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;ots=-oar486eHZ\u0026amp;dq=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;pg=PA33#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=reed%20island%20iron%20company\u0026amp;f=false\" show=\"new\"\u003eAvailable online at Google Books.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reed Island Iron Furnace, located three miles from Allisonia, Virginia, commenced operation in 1881 and operated until 1908. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day.","The Reed Island Furnace was first operated by the Reed Island Iron Company, in Reed Island, Virginia (near Allisonia), beginning around 1881. The furnace itself was in Pulaski County, while the company was based in Wythe County. By 1898, the furnace and the company appeared to be the property and works of the Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Company, who ran the furnace until about 1906. The furnace produced up to 12 tons of pig iron per day and operated until 1908.","External Sources:","Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1890. Available online at Google Books.","Supplement to the Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States. Philadelphia: The American Iron and Steel Association, 1900. Available online at Google Books."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers, Ms2012-081, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Reed Island Iron Company Ledgers was completed in December 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2459.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eReed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the Reed Island Iron Company Receipts, Ms2009-040, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records dates from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).","Series I: Customer Account and Invoice Ledgers consists of ledgers dating from 1880 through 1893. The majority records are customer accounts (eight of nine ledgers in this series) and include names and transactions, as well as amounts due and paid. The remaining book is a list of customer invoices. There is some overlap among the ledgers and they do not cover all months for the 13 year period.","Series II: Workman's Hours Ledgers contains small booklets from 1886-1896. These ledger include lists of the names of workers for a given month, tracking their hours. There is no apparent overlap between the ledgers and they do not cover the entire time period between August 1886 and April 1896."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_48ed9def8be36c8b1649e308496e701e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes customer account, invoice, and workman's hours ledgers from the Reed Island Iron Company. Records date from 1880-1896, during most of the known active period of the company (c.1880-c.1906)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Reed Island Iron Company (Pulaski County, Va.) (1881-1906)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:53.929Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2835"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Longwood University. Office of the Registrar","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_12.xml","title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"title_tesim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"unitdate_ssm":["1884-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1884-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1884/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"text":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994","LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12","Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)","In 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades.","The volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.","Ledger includes list of names dated from September 1907 to November 1907. Then includes information about enrollment of early 1910s classes and summer sessions, and finally includes counts of students from geographical areas from 1913-1965","This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. 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Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLedger includes list of names dated from September 1907 to November 1907. Then includes information about enrollment of early 1910s classes and summer sessions, and finally includes counts of students from geographical areas from 1913-1965\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Ledger includes list of names dated from September 1907 to November 1907. Then includes information about enrollment of early 1910s classes and summer sessions, and finally includes counts of students from geographical areas from 1913-1965"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:51:43.358Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_12.xml","title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"title_tesim":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994"],"unitdate_ssm":["1884-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1884-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1884/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994"],"text":["Registrar's Office Ledgers, 1884-1994, 1884/1994","LU.108","/repositories/2/resources/12","Longwood University -- Office of the Registrar","Longwood University -- Enrollment","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Students","Student Records -- Virginia -- Farmville","Ledgers (account books)","In 1909, Jennie Masters Tabb was hired as the first official registrar of the State Female Normal School. Prior to this, the duties of the registrar were handled by the office of the normal school president. The duties of the registrar's office, at that time, included admissions, student registration, and official recording of grades.","The volumes in this collection originated in the office of the normal school president and the registrar's office. It is unknown when this collection was transferred to the Greenwood Library Archives.","Ledger includes list of names dated from September 1907 to November 1907. Then includes information about enrollment of early 1910s classes and summer sessions, and finally includes counts of students from geographical areas from 1913-1965","This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. 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Then includes information about enrollment of early 1910s classes and summer sessions, and finally includes counts of students from geographical areas from 1913-1965"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, which ranges in date from 1884 to 1994, contains ledgers which include student registration, student grades, and other statistical information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University. Office of the Registrar"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:51:43.358Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_12"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Zigler, John, 1786-1856","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_275.xml","title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1903"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1903"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1903"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"text":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903","SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275","Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local","Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893","Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.","John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).","The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.","Ledger records quantity, weight, and value of hides being purchased at Zigler's tannery. Also included are sixteen pages of Notes Outstanding Against John Zigler. An Abraham Lincoln is listed as part of these notes (pg. 115). This likely refers to Abraham Lincoln (1799-1851), son of Jacob and Dorcas Robinson Lincoln, who was President Abraham Lincoln's first cousin once removed. Common Rockingham County surnames are present throughout and include Hoover, Kline, Shaver, Miller, Garber, Kratzer, Holsinger, Sites, Gochenour, and others. Also includes four recipes (pgs. 30-31).","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"collection_ssim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"creators_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Robert H. \"Twig\" and Lorraine Strickler donated this collection to Carrier Library in December 1990.","In March 2022, Special Collections aquired from Crown Collectibles a ledger/daybook (Daybook/Ledger 19) belonging to the same John Zigler."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in two series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDaybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eUnbound material, 1843-1893\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJonassen, Diane. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGerman Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMiller, Gordon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eLedger records quantity, weight, and value of hides being purchased at Zigler's tannery. Also included are sixteen pages of Notes Outstanding Against John Zigler. An Abraham Lincoln is listed as part of these notes (pg. 115). This likely refers to Abraham Lincoln (1799-1851), son of Jacob and Dorcas Robinson Lincoln, who was President Abraham Lincoln's first cousin once removed. Common Rockingham County surnames are present throughout and include Hoover, Kline, Shaver, Miller, Garber, Kratzer, Holsinger, Sites, Gochenour, and others. Also includes four recipes (pgs. 30-31).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.","Ledger records quantity, weight, and value of hides being purchased at Zigler's tannery. Also included are sixteen pages of Notes Outstanding Against John Zigler. An Abraham Lincoln is listed as part of these notes (pg. 115). This likely refers to Abraham Lincoln (1799-1851), son of Jacob and Dorcas Robinson Lincoln, who was President Abraham Lincoln's first cousin once removed. Common Rockingham County surnames are present throughout and include Hoover, Kline, Shaver, Miller, Garber, Kratzer, Holsinger, Sites, Gochenour, and others. Also includes four recipes (pgs. 30-31)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0f17978a4786b00a8c40e38435169af3\"\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_275","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_275.xml","title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1903"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1903"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1903"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"text":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903","SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275","Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local","Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893","Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.","John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).","The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.","Ledger records quantity, weight, and value of hides being purchased at Zigler's tannery. Also included are sixteen pages of Notes Outstanding Against John Zigler. An Abraham Lincoln is listed as part of these notes (pg. 115). This likely refers to Abraham Lincoln (1799-1851), son of Jacob and Dorcas Robinson Lincoln, who was President Abraham Lincoln's first cousin once removed. Common Rockingham County surnames are present throughout and include Hoover, Kline, Shaver, Miller, Garber, Kratzer, Holsinger, Sites, Gochenour, and others. Also includes four recipes (pgs. 30-31).","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"collection_ssim":["Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816/1903"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0128","/repositories/4/resources/275"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Timberville (Va.) -- History","Timberville (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","Crown Collectibles"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"creators_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Robert H. \"Twig\" and Lorraine Strickler donated this collection to Carrier Library in December 1990.","In March 2022, Special Collections aquired from Crown Collectibles a ledger/daybook (Daybook/Ledger 19) belonging to the same John Zigler."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanners -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","General stores -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hides and skins -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Bark -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Hemp -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery, American -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Pottery kilns -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Blacksmithing -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoe industry -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Sawmills -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Mills and mill-work -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Timberville -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.9 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Daybooks","Ledgers (account books)","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in two series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDaybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eUnbound material, 1843-1893\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in two series:","Daybooks and ledgers, 1816-1903\n      Unbound material, 1843-1893"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJonassen, Diane. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGerman Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMiller, Gordon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Jonassen, Diane. German Influences on the Early Arts in the Shenandoah Valley. Harrisonburg: James Madison University, 1981.","Miller, Gordon. Rockingham: An Annotated Bibliography of a Virginia County. Harrisonburg: Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1989.","Wayland, John W. A History of Rockingham County. Dayton: Ruebush-Elkins, 1912."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Zigler (b. 1786) moved to Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia in 1814. In this year, he also opened a tannery, which was known as the largest and best in the Shenandoah Valley by the year of his death in 1856. Along with his tannery, he also started a pottery business in 1830, and later opened a hemp mill. John Zigler was also part of a project to build a free bridge across the Shenandoah River in 1833. Zigler and his family were also affiliated with the Church of the Brethern (Dunkers)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Stricklers purchased the John Zigler daybooks at the M. Otto Zigler estate sale held by Green Valley Auctions, Inc. on August 11, 1990."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, SC 0128, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3025.","The ledger acquired from Crown Collectibles was added to the collection in April 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eLedger records quantity, weight, and value of hides being purchased at Zigler's tannery. Also included are sixteen pages of Notes Outstanding Against John Zigler. An Abraham Lincoln is listed as part of these notes (pg. 115). This likely refers to Abraham Lincoln (1799-1851), son of Jacob and Dorcas Robinson Lincoln, who was President Abraham Lincoln's first cousin once removed. Common Rockingham County surnames are present throughout and include Hoover, Kline, Shaver, Miller, Garber, Kratzer, Holsinger, Sites, Gochenour, and others. Also includes four recipes (pgs. 30-31).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists consists primarily of 19 daybooks and ledgers from the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Timberville in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose financial accounts.","Series 1: Daybooks and Ledgers, 1816-1903, contains daybooks and ledgers numbered consecutively according to date. These daybooks include references to Henry Jordan as tanner, Andrew Coffman as potter, use of dollars and pounds, references to hauling hides from Winchester, references to milling hemp, reference to death of John Zigler Sr., and references to the pottery kiln, saw mill, and tons of hay. Daybooks record transactions chronologically; ledgers group transactions under individual account names. Entries made throughout ledgers and daybooks refer to the purchasing of hides and bark. Entries relating to purchasing hemp begin around 1826; entries mentioning pottery and a saw mill begin around 1830. Entries relating to the \"sharping\" of shovels and removing of shoes suggest the presence of a blacksmith. Many entries also suggest the presence of a shoemaker. The later years of the ledgers seem to document a change to a farm supply or general store. Many entries relate to dry goods or to agricultural products and methods such as hay and threshing. Of particular interest is the simultaneous use of both pounds and dollars until around 1845. Also, two types of entries can be found throughout the ledgers and daybooks relating to African Americans. The name of a person is sometimes followed by \"black\" or \"blackman;\" or a name may be followed by \"by his blackman\" or \"blackboy.\" Many inserts were found in apparently random order in the daybooks and ledgers. Some were merely scraps for calculating numbers, while others contained account information. Unless there was a connection between an insert and the pages where it was found, it was filed in a folder. There is also one undated photograph thought to be of the kiln. Oversize daybooks are included in this series and contain accounts of Daniel Zigler and references to buying calfskins in Baltimore.","Series 2: Unbound Material, 1843-1893, consists of financial accounts of the Zigler family, notes, memos, and a photograph of Zigler's Timberville kiln.","Ledger records quantity, weight, and value of hides being purchased at Zigler's tannery. Also included are sixteen pages of Notes Outstanding Against John Zigler. An Abraham Lincoln is listed as part of these notes (pg. 115). This likely refers to Abraham Lincoln (1799-1851), son of Jacob and Dorcas Robinson Lincoln, who was President Abraham Lincoln's first cousin once removed. Common Rockingham County surnames are present throughout and include Hoover, Kline, Shaver, Miller, Garber, Kratzer, Holsinger, Sites, Gochenour, and others. Also includes four recipes (pgs. 30-31)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0f17978a4786b00a8c40e38435169af3\"\u003eThe Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Robert H. and Lorraine Strickler Collection of John Zigler Daybooks, 1816-1903, consists chiefly of daybooks and ledgers related to the John Zigler tannery and pottery businesses in Rockingham County, Virginia. Additional materials include photographs, notes, letters, and loose accounts."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"famname_ssim":["Zigler family"],"persname_ssim":["Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Crown Collectibles","Zigler Tannery (Timberville, Va.)","Zigler family","Zigler, John, 1786-1856","Strickler, Robert H. (Robert \"Twig\" Hopkins), 1928-2019","Strickler, Lorraine Warren, 1932-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_275"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters and documents payments to various companies. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4317.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robeson Family Ledger","title_ssm":["Robeson Family Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Robeson Family Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-1908"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-1908"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894/1908"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908"],"text":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908","Ms.2024.090","/repositories/2/resources/4317","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Robeson family lived in Farmville, Virginia, from at least 1894-1908. The owner of this ledger might be related to Virginia Polytechnic Institute professor Frank L. Robeson, who was also from Farmville, Virginia. No other information could be found.","The guide to the Robeson Family Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robeson Family Ledger was completed in September 2024.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the Frank L. Robeson Papers, Ms2014-014.","The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters, including George Allen, Annie Robinson, and W. E. Anderson. It also documents many payments to various companies, including the Farmville Building and Trust Company, the Equitable Life Assurance Society the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters and documents payments to various companies. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)","The materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908"],"collection_ssim":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.090","/repositories/2/resources/4317"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.090","/repositories/2/resources/4317"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robeson Family Ledger was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in May 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robeson family lived in Farmville, Virginia, from at least 1894-1908. The owner of this ledger might be related to Virginia Polytechnic Institute professor Frank L. Robeson, who was also from Farmville, Virginia. No other information could be found.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Robeson family lived in Farmville, Virginia, from at least 1894-1908. The owner of this ledger might be related to Virginia Polytechnic Institute professor Frank L. Robeson, who was also from Farmville, Virginia. No other information could be found."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robeson Family Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robeson Family Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robeson Family Ledger, 1894-1908, Ms2024-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robeson Family Ledger, 1894-1908, Ms2024-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robeson Family Ledger was completed in September 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robeson Family Ledger was completed in September 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the Frank L. Robeson Papers, Ms2014-014.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the Frank L. Robeson Papers, Ms2014-014."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters, including George Allen, Annie Robinson, and W. E. Anderson. It also documents many payments to various companies, including the Farmville Building and Trust Company, the Equitable Life Assurance Society the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters, including George Allen, Annie Robinson, and W. E. Anderson. It also documents many payments to various companies, including the Farmville Building and Trust Company, the Equitable Life Assurance Society the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6c6cae7ffe0c872a9836ac4622e961db\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters and documents payments to various companies. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters and documents payments to various companies. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4317","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4317.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robeson Family Ledger","title_ssm":["Robeson Family Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Robeson Family Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-1908"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-1908"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894/1908"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908"],"text":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908","Ms.2024.090","/repositories/2/resources/4317","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The Robeson family lived in Farmville, Virginia, from at least 1894-1908. The owner of this ledger might be related to Virginia Polytechnic Institute professor Frank L. Robeson, who was also from Farmville, Virginia. No other information could be found.","The guide to the Robeson Family Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robeson Family Ledger was completed in September 2024.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the Frank L. Robeson Papers, Ms2014-014.","The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters, including George Allen, Annie Robinson, and W. E. Anderson. It also documents many payments to various companies, including the Farmville Building and Trust Company, the Equitable Life Assurance Society the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters and documents payments to various companies. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)","The materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908"],"collection_ssim":["Robeson Family Ledger, 1894/1908"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.090","/repositories/2/resources/4317"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.090","/repositories/2/resources/4317"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Robeson family (Farmville, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robeson Family Ledger was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in May 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robeson family lived in Farmville, Virginia, from at least 1894-1908. The owner of this ledger might be related to Virginia Polytechnic Institute professor Frank L. Robeson, who was also from Farmville, Virginia. No other information could be found.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Robeson family lived in Farmville, Virginia, from at least 1894-1908. The owner of this ledger might be related to Virginia Polytechnic Institute professor Frank L. Robeson, who was also from Farmville, Virginia. No other information could be found."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robeson Family Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robeson Family Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robeson Family Ledger, 1894-1908, Ms2024-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robeson Family Ledger, 1894-1908, Ms2024-090, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robeson Family Ledger was completed in September 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robeson Family Ledger was completed in September 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the Frank L. Robeson Papers, Ms2014-014.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the Frank L. Robeson Papers, Ms2014-014."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters, including George Allen, Annie Robinson, and W. E. Anderson. It also documents many payments to various companies, including the Farmville Building and Trust Company, the Equitable Life Assurance Society the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters, including George Allen, Annie Robinson, and W. E. Anderson. It also documents many payments to various companies, including the Farmville Building and Trust Company, the Equitable Life Assurance Society the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6c6cae7ffe0c872a9836ac4622e961db\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters and documents payments to various companies. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. There is also a loose receipt from the Farmville Steam Laundry in 1908.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Robeson Family Ledger contains various expenses and earnings of the family in Farmville, Virginia, from 1894-1908. The ledger includes records of several tenants and renters and documents payments to various companies. Payments were also made to a fraternal order called the Progressive Endowment Guild of America. Of interest is a mention of one servant, a woman named Lizzie Ligon, who was discharged in 1894. 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