{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Folk%2C+historical%2C+and+patent+medicine\u0026facet.page=2","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Folk%2C+historical%2C+and+patent+medicine\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=2","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Folk%2C+historical%2C+and+patent+medicine\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=6"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":6,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":55,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of a partial memoir of Atkinson's American Civil War experiences. Atkinson served as a Confederate surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1975.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., Memoir","title_ssm":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir"],"title_tesim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1900"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["ca. 1900"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900"],"text":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900","Ms.1994.022","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","The collection is open for research.","A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.","This collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Archibald Atkinson, Jr. (1832-1903) served as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He was a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. His father Archibald Atkinson  (1792-1872) was a lawyer and politician, representing Virginia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1843-1849.","Additional biographical information is available on the archived version of the Special Collections and University Archives website.","The following is from The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879.","\"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, was born February 23, 1832, near Smithfield, on the James River, Isle of Wight County, Virginia. His father was an eminent lawyer, and represented the Second Congressional District of Virginia in the United States Congress from 1844 to 1848. Dr. Atkinson received his education at the University of Virginia, and graduated inmedicine at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1854. After receiving his diploma he went abroad and enjoyed the advantages of the clinics of the most famous hospitals of Paris for eighteen months, and a six months' residence in the Rotunda Lying-in Hospital of Dublin, Ireland. Returning to America in 1856 he located in Baltimore, where he practiced his profession until the outbreak of the late [American] civil war, when he returned to his native State and was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Wise Legion [of the Confederacy] in West Virginia, and assigned to the charge of the Lewisburg Hospital.","\"In 1862 Dr. Atkinson was selected as the Surgeon of the Tenth Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, belonging to General J.E.B. Stuart's command, and in autumn of 1863 was assigned to the Thirty-first Virginia Regiment of Infantry. Subsequently he was appointed Brigade-Surgeon in General John Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division, Second Army Corps, of the Army of Northern Virginia. At the termination of the war he established himself in the practice of his profession in his native town of Smithfield, Virginia, continuing there until the spring of 1873, when he removed to Baltimore and located on North Charles Street. In the fall of 1875 Dr. Atkinson was elected to the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, a position he has filled with rare ability and eminent success as an imparter of medical knowledge.","\"His maternal ancestors were the Powells and Chiltons of Loudon County, Virginia, whose progenitors originally came from Scotland and Wales. His ancestors on the paternal side were English.He has a brother, Dr. Robert Chilton Atkinson, who is practicing medicine at St. Louis, Missouri. On November 2, 1858, Dr. Atkinson married Mary Elizabeth Thomas, of Smithfield, Virginia, daughter of Samuel Thomas, whose wife was Frances Harrison Woodley, daughter of Major Woodley, of Smithfield. The issue of the marriage is two children, Mary Chilton and Louis Woodley Atkinson, both of whom are living.","\"In religion Dr. Atkinson is inclined to the tenets of the Presbyterian Church, and his political sentiments are of the Jeffersonian State rights Democratic stamp. As a citizen, scholar, physician, or preceptor, none stand higher than he in the community where he is so steadily and successfully practicing his profession.\"","Sources:","Crofts, Daniel W., and Dictionary of Virginia Biography. Archibald Atkinson (1792–1872). (Dec. 22, 2021). In Encyclopedia Virginia. https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Dr Archibald Atkinson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Atikinson, Archibald, Jr.\" In The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. A digitized version is available online from the Internet Archive, and a copy is available from VT University Libaries via the online library catalog.","The guide to the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir commenced and was completed in 1994.","See also the  31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, Company Roll, Ms2010-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Finding aid available online.","Written sometime around 1900, the memoirs recount the military career of Archibald Atkinson, Jr., as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving as a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.","The memoir was writen in a commercially prepared notebook (printed, lined paper) on a total of 58 pages. The memoir seems to begin in the middle of the text; there is no introductory material or conclusion. There may well have been another notebook with the first part of the narrative; if so, there is no indication anywhere on the notebook preserved at Virginia Tech of its existence.","A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of a partial memoir of Atkinson's American Civil War experiences. Atkinson served as a Confederate surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900"],"collection_ssim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.022"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.022"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"creator_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1900],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140307005104/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/civwar/memoirs.htm\"\u003eA transcription of the text is available online.\u003c/a\u003e The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/282\"\u003eThis collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.","This collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArchibald Atkinson, Jr. (1832-1903) served as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He was a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. His father Archibald Atkinson  (1792-1872) was a lawyer and politician, representing Virginia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1843-1849.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20150311225518/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/civwar/encyccw.htm\"\u003ebiographical information\u003c/a\u003e is available on the archived version of the Special Collections and University Archives website. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe following is from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia\u003c/title\u003e,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, was born February 23, 1832, near Smithfield, on the James River, Isle of Wight County, Virginia. His father was an eminent lawyer, and represented the Second Congressional District of Virginia in the United States Congress from 1844 to 1848. Dr. Atkinson received his education at the University of Virginia, and graduated inmedicine at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1854. After receiving his diploma he went abroad and enjoyed the advantages of the clinics of the most famous hospitals of Paris for eighteen months, and a six months' residence in the Rotunda Lying-in Hospital of Dublin, Ireland. Returning to America in 1856 he located in Baltimore, where he practiced his profession until the outbreak of the late [American] civil war, when he returned to his native State and was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Wise Legion [of the Confederacy] in West Virginia, and assigned to the charge of the Lewisburg Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"In 1862 Dr. Atkinson was selected as the Surgeon of the Tenth Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, belonging to General J.E.B. Stuart's command, and in autumn of 1863 was assigned to the Thirty-first Virginia Regiment of Infantry. Subsequently he was appointed Brigade-Surgeon in General John Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division, Second Army Corps, of the Army of Northern Virginia. At the termination of the war he established himself in the practice of his profession in his native town of Smithfield, Virginia, continuing there until the spring of 1873, when he removed to Baltimore and located on North Charles Street. In the fall of 1875 Dr. Atkinson was elected to the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, a position he has filled with rare ability and eminent success as an imparter of medical knowledge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"His maternal ancestors were the Powells and Chiltons of Loudon County, Virginia, whose progenitors originally came from Scotland and Wales. His ancestors on the paternal side were English.He has a brother, Dr. Robert Chilton Atkinson, who is practicing medicine at St. Louis, Missouri. On November 2, 1858, Dr. Atkinson married Mary Elizabeth Thomas, of Smithfield, Virginia, daughter of Samuel Thomas, whose wife was Frances Harrison Woodley, daughter of Major Woodley, of Smithfield. The issue of the marriage is two children, Mary Chilton and Louis Woodley Atkinson, both of whom are living.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"In religion Dr. Atkinson is inclined to the tenets of the Presbyterian Church, and his political sentiments are of the Jeffersonian State rights Democratic stamp. As a citizen, scholar, physician, or preceptor, none stand higher than he in the community where he is so steadily and successfully practicing his profession.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrofts, Daniel W., and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDictionary of Virginia Biography\u003c/title\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eArchibald Atkinson (1792–1872).\u003c/title\u003e (Dec. 22, 2021). In \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEncyclopedia Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/\"\u003ehttps://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed June 24, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dr Archibald Atkinson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson\u003c/a\u003e, accessed June 24, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Atikinson, Archibald, Jr.\" In \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia\u003c/title\u003e,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. A digitized version is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/biographicalcycl02nati/page/n543/mode/2up\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e from the Internet Archive, and a copy is available from VT University Libaries via the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=461866\"\u003eonline library catalog\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr. (1832-1903) served as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He was a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. His father Archibald Atkinson  (1792-1872) was a lawyer and politician, representing Virginia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1843-1849.","Additional biographical information is available on the archived version of the Special Collections and University Archives website.","The following is from The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879.","\"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, was born February 23, 1832, near Smithfield, on the James River, Isle of Wight County, Virginia. His father was an eminent lawyer, and represented the Second Congressional District of Virginia in the United States Congress from 1844 to 1848. Dr. Atkinson received his education at the University of Virginia, and graduated inmedicine at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1854. After receiving his diploma he went abroad and enjoyed the advantages of the clinics of the most famous hospitals of Paris for eighteen months, and a six months' residence in the Rotunda Lying-in Hospital of Dublin, Ireland. Returning to America in 1856 he located in Baltimore, where he practiced his profession until the outbreak of the late [American] civil war, when he returned to his native State and was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Wise Legion [of the Confederacy] in West Virginia, and assigned to the charge of the Lewisburg Hospital.","\"In 1862 Dr. Atkinson was selected as the Surgeon of the Tenth Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, belonging to General J.E.B. Stuart's command, and in autumn of 1863 was assigned to the Thirty-first Virginia Regiment of Infantry. Subsequently he was appointed Brigade-Surgeon in General John Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division, Second Army Corps, of the Army of Northern Virginia. At the termination of the war he established himself in the practice of his profession in his native town of Smithfield, Virginia, continuing there until the spring of 1873, when he removed to Baltimore and located on North Charles Street. In the fall of 1875 Dr. Atkinson was elected to the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, a position he has filled with rare ability and eminent success as an imparter of medical knowledge.","\"His maternal ancestors were the Powells and Chiltons of Loudon County, Virginia, whose progenitors originally came from Scotland and Wales. His ancestors on the paternal side were English.He has a brother, Dr. Robert Chilton Atkinson, who is practicing medicine at St. Louis, Missouri. On November 2, 1858, Dr. Atkinson married Mary Elizabeth Thomas, of Smithfield, Virginia, daughter of Samuel Thomas, whose wife was Frances Harrison Woodley, daughter of Major Woodley, of Smithfield. The issue of the marriage is two children, Mary Chilton and Louis Woodley Atkinson, both of whom are living.","\"In religion Dr. Atkinson is inclined to the tenets of the Presbyterian Church, and his political sentiments are of the Jeffersonian State rights Democratic stamp. As a citizen, scholar, physician, or preceptor, none stand higher than he in the community where he is so steadily and successfully practicing his profession.\"","Sources:","Crofts, Daniel W., and Dictionary of Virginia Biography. Archibald Atkinson (1792–1872). (Dec. 22, 2021). In Encyclopedia Virginia. https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Dr Archibald Atkinson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Atikinson, Archibald, Jr.\" In The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. A digitized version is available online from the Internet Archive, and a copy is available from VT University Libaries via the online library catalog."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, Ms1994-022, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, Ms1994-022, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir commenced and was completed in 1994.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir commenced and was completed in 1994."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the  31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, Company Roll, Ms2010-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2608.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eFinding aid available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the  31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, Company Roll, Ms2010-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWritten sometime around 1900, the memoirs recount the military career of Archibald Atkinson, Jr., as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving as a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe memoir was writen in a commercially prepared notebook (printed, lined paper) on a total of 58 pages. The memoir seems to begin in the middle of the text; there is no introductory material or conclusion. There may well have been another notebook with the first part of the narrative; if so, there is no indication anywhere on the notebook preserved at Virginia Tech of its existence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140307005104/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/civwar/memoirs.htm\"\u003eA transcription of the text is available online.\u003c/a\u003e The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Written sometime around 1900, the memoirs recount the military career of Archibald Atkinson, Jr., as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving as a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.","The memoir was writen in a commercially prepared notebook (printed, lined paper) on a total of 58 pages. The memoir seems to begin in the middle of the text; there is no introductory material or conclusion. There may well have been another notebook with the first part of the narrative; if so, there is no indication anywhere on the notebook preserved at Virginia Tech of its existence.","A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bd4b4650c110ab82ea9ae6732d9ebc99\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of a partial memoir of Atkinson's American Civil War experiences. Atkinson served as a Confederate surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of a partial memoir of Atkinson's American Civil War experiences. Atkinson served as a Confederate surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:10.724Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1975.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., Memoir","title_ssm":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir"],"title_tesim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1900"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["ca. 1900"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900"],"text":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900","Ms.1994.022","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","The collection is open for research.","A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.","This collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Archibald Atkinson, Jr. (1832-1903) served as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He was a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. His father Archibald Atkinson  (1792-1872) was a lawyer and politician, representing Virginia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1843-1849.","Additional biographical information is available on the archived version of the Special Collections and University Archives website.","The following is from The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879.","\"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, was born February 23, 1832, near Smithfield, on the James River, Isle of Wight County, Virginia. His father was an eminent lawyer, and represented the Second Congressional District of Virginia in the United States Congress from 1844 to 1848. Dr. Atkinson received his education at the University of Virginia, and graduated inmedicine at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1854. After receiving his diploma he went abroad and enjoyed the advantages of the clinics of the most famous hospitals of Paris for eighteen months, and a six months' residence in the Rotunda Lying-in Hospital of Dublin, Ireland. Returning to America in 1856 he located in Baltimore, where he practiced his profession until the outbreak of the late [American] civil war, when he returned to his native State and was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Wise Legion [of the Confederacy] in West Virginia, and assigned to the charge of the Lewisburg Hospital.","\"In 1862 Dr. Atkinson was selected as the Surgeon of the Tenth Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, belonging to General J.E.B. Stuart's command, and in autumn of 1863 was assigned to the Thirty-first Virginia Regiment of Infantry. Subsequently he was appointed Brigade-Surgeon in General John Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division, Second Army Corps, of the Army of Northern Virginia. At the termination of the war he established himself in the practice of his profession in his native town of Smithfield, Virginia, continuing there until the spring of 1873, when he removed to Baltimore and located on North Charles Street. In the fall of 1875 Dr. Atkinson was elected to the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, a position he has filled with rare ability and eminent success as an imparter of medical knowledge.","\"His maternal ancestors were the Powells and Chiltons of Loudon County, Virginia, whose progenitors originally came from Scotland and Wales. His ancestors on the paternal side were English.He has a brother, Dr. Robert Chilton Atkinson, who is practicing medicine at St. Louis, Missouri. On November 2, 1858, Dr. Atkinson married Mary Elizabeth Thomas, of Smithfield, Virginia, daughter of Samuel Thomas, whose wife was Frances Harrison Woodley, daughter of Major Woodley, of Smithfield. The issue of the marriage is two children, Mary Chilton and Louis Woodley Atkinson, both of whom are living.","\"In religion Dr. Atkinson is inclined to the tenets of the Presbyterian Church, and his political sentiments are of the Jeffersonian State rights Democratic stamp. As a citizen, scholar, physician, or preceptor, none stand higher than he in the community where he is so steadily and successfully practicing his profession.\"","Sources:","Crofts, Daniel W., and Dictionary of Virginia Biography. Archibald Atkinson (1792–1872). (Dec. 22, 2021). In Encyclopedia Virginia. https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Dr Archibald Atkinson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Atikinson, Archibald, Jr.\" In The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. A digitized version is available online from the Internet Archive, and a copy is available from VT University Libaries via the online library catalog.","The guide to the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir commenced and was completed in 1994.","See also the  31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, Company Roll, Ms2010-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Finding aid available online.","Written sometime around 1900, the memoirs recount the military career of Archibald Atkinson, Jr., as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving as a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.","The memoir was writen in a commercially prepared notebook (printed, lined paper) on a total of 58 pages. The memoir seems to begin in the middle of the text; there is no introductory material or conclusion. There may well have been another notebook with the first part of the narrative; if so, there is no indication anywhere on the notebook preserved at Virginia Tech of its existence.","A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of a partial memoir of Atkinson's American Civil War experiences. Atkinson served as a Confederate surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900"],"collection_ssim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, 1900"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.022"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.022"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"creator_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1900],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140307005104/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/civwar/memoirs.htm\"\u003eA transcription of the text is available online.\u003c/a\u003e The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/282\"\u003eThis collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.","This collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArchibald Atkinson, Jr. (1832-1903) served as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He was a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. His father Archibald Atkinson  (1792-1872) was a lawyer and politician, representing Virginia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1843-1849.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20150311225518/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/civwar/encyccw.htm\"\u003ebiographical information\u003c/a\u003e is available on the archived version of the Special Collections and University Archives website. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe following is from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia\u003c/title\u003e,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, was born February 23, 1832, near Smithfield, on the James River, Isle of Wight County, Virginia. His father was an eminent lawyer, and represented the Second Congressional District of Virginia in the United States Congress from 1844 to 1848. Dr. Atkinson received his education at the University of Virginia, and graduated inmedicine at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1854. After receiving his diploma he went abroad and enjoyed the advantages of the clinics of the most famous hospitals of Paris for eighteen months, and a six months' residence in the Rotunda Lying-in Hospital of Dublin, Ireland. Returning to America in 1856 he located in Baltimore, where he practiced his profession until the outbreak of the late [American] civil war, when he returned to his native State and was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Wise Legion [of the Confederacy] in West Virginia, and assigned to the charge of the Lewisburg Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"In 1862 Dr. Atkinson was selected as the Surgeon of the Tenth Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, belonging to General J.E.B. Stuart's command, and in autumn of 1863 was assigned to the Thirty-first Virginia Regiment of Infantry. Subsequently he was appointed Brigade-Surgeon in General John Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division, Second Army Corps, of the Army of Northern Virginia. At the termination of the war he established himself in the practice of his profession in his native town of Smithfield, Virginia, continuing there until the spring of 1873, when he removed to Baltimore and located on North Charles Street. In the fall of 1875 Dr. Atkinson was elected to the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, a position he has filled with rare ability and eminent success as an imparter of medical knowledge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"His maternal ancestors were the Powells and Chiltons of Loudon County, Virginia, whose progenitors originally came from Scotland and Wales. His ancestors on the paternal side were English.He has a brother, Dr. Robert Chilton Atkinson, who is practicing medicine at St. Louis, Missouri. On November 2, 1858, Dr. Atkinson married Mary Elizabeth Thomas, of Smithfield, Virginia, daughter of Samuel Thomas, whose wife was Frances Harrison Woodley, daughter of Major Woodley, of Smithfield. The issue of the marriage is two children, Mary Chilton and Louis Woodley Atkinson, both of whom are living.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"In religion Dr. Atkinson is inclined to the tenets of the Presbyterian Church, and his political sentiments are of the Jeffersonian State rights Democratic stamp. As a citizen, scholar, physician, or preceptor, none stand higher than he in the community where he is so steadily and successfully practicing his profession.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrofts, Daniel W., and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDictionary of Virginia Biography\u003c/title\u003e. \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eArchibald Atkinson (1792–1872).\u003c/title\u003e (Dec. 22, 2021). In \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEncyclopedia Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/\"\u003ehttps://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed June 24, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dr Archibald Atkinson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson\u003c/a\u003e, accessed June 24, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Atikinson, Archibald, Jr.\" In \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia\u003c/title\u003e,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. A digitized version is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/biographicalcycl02nati/page/n543/mode/2up\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e from the Internet Archive, and a copy is available from VT University Libaries via the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=461866\"\u003eonline library catalog\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Archibald Atkinson, Jr. (1832-1903) served as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He was a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. His father Archibald Atkinson  (1792-1872) was a lawyer and politician, representing Virginia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1843-1849.","Additional biographical information is available on the archived version of the Special Collections and University Archives website.","The following is from The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879.","\"Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, was born February 23, 1832, near Smithfield, on the James River, Isle of Wight County, Virginia. His father was an eminent lawyer, and represented the Second Congressional District of Virginia in the United States Congress from 1844 to 1848. Dr. Atkinson received his education at the University of Virginia, and graduated inmedicine at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1854. After receiving his diploma he went abroad and enjoyed the advantages of the clinics of the most famous hospitals of Paris for eighteen months, and a six months' residence in the Rotunda Lying-in Hospital of Dublin, Ireland. Returning to America in 1856 he located in Baltimore, where he practiced his profession until the outbreak of the late [American] civil war, when he returned to his native State and was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Wise Legion [of the Confederacy] in West Virginia, and assigned to the charge of the Lewisburg Hospital.","\"In 1862 Dr. Atkinson was selected as the Surgeon of the Tenth Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, belonging to General J.E.B. Stuart's command, and in autumn of 1863 was assigned to the Thirty-first Virginia Regiment of Infantry. Subsequently he was appointed Brigade-Surgeon in General John Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division, Second Army Corps, of the Army of Northern Virginia. At the termination of the war he established himself in the practice of his profession in his native town of Smithfield, Virginia, continuing there until the spring of 1873, when he removed to Baltimore and located on North Charles Street. In the fall of 1875 Dr. Atkinson was elected to the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, a position he has filled with rare ability and eminent success as an imparter of medical knowledge.","\"His maternal ancestors were the Powells and Chiltons of Loudon County, Virginia, whose progenitors originally came from Scotland and Wales. His ancestors on the paternal side were English.He has a brother, Dr. Robert Chilton Atkinson, who is practicing medicine at St. Louis, Missouri. On November 2, 1858, Dr. Atkinson married Mary Elizabeth Thomas, of Smithfield, Virginia, daughter of Samuel Thomas, whose wife was Frances Harrison Woodley, daughter of Major Woodley, of Smithfield. The issue of the marriage is two children, Mary Chilton and Louis Woodley Atkinson, both of whom are living.","\"In religion Dr. Atkinson is inclined to the tenets of the Presbyterian Church, and his political sentiments are of the Jeffersonian State rights Democratic stamp. As a citizen, scholar, physician, or preceptor, none stand higher than he in the community where he is so steadily and successfully practicing his profession.\"","Sources:","Crofts, Daniel W., and Dictionary of Virginia Biography. Archibald Atkinson (1792–1872). (Dec. 22, 2021). In Encyclopedia Virginia. https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/atkinson-archibald-1792-1872/, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Dr Archibald Atkinson Jr.\" entry, Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18637290/archibald-atkinson, accessed June 24, 2022.","\"Atikinson, Archibald, Jr.\" In The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and District of Columbia,  pgs. 603-604. Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Co., 1879. A digitized version is available online from the Internet Archive, and a copy is available from VT University Libaries via the online library catalog."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, Ms1994-022, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir, Ms1994-022, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir commenced and was completed in 1994.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Archibald Atkinson, Jr., Memoir commenced and was completed in 1994."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the  31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, Company Roll, Ms2010-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2608.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eFinding aid available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the  31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, Company Roll, Ms2010-055, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWritten sometime around 1900, the memoirs recount the military career of Archibald Atkinson, Jr., as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving as a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe memoir was writen in a commercially prepared notebook (printed, lined paper) on a total of 58 pages. The memoir seems to begin in the middle of the text; there is no introductory material or conclusion. There may well have been another notebook with the first part of the narrative; if so, there is no indication anywhere on the notebook preserved at Virginia Tech of its existence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140307005104/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/civwar/memoirs.htm\"\u003eA transcription of the text is available online.\u003c/a\u003e The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Written sometime around 1900, the memoirs recount the military career of Archibald Atkinson, Jr., as a doctor in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving as a surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.","The memoir was writen in a commercially prepared notebook (printed, lined paper) on a total of 58 pages. The memoir seems to begin in the middle of the text; there is no introductory material or conclusion. There may well have been another notebook with the first part of the narrative; if so, there is no indication anywhere on the notebook preserved at Virginia Tech of its existence.","A transcription of the text is available online. The transcription preserves the page and line breaks as they appear in the original. Links throughout the transcript point to additional information on relevent people and places."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bd4b4650c110ab82ea9ae6732d9ebc99\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of a partial memoir of Atkinson's American Civil War experiences. Atkinson served as a Confederate surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of a partial memoir of Atkinson's American Civil War experiences. Atkinson served as a Confederate surgeon for the 10th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry, followed by appointments with the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry, and the Second Army Corps, Army of Nothern Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Atkinson, Archibald, Jr., 1832-1903"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:10.724Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1975"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1779-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1779-1984"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1779/1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"text":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984","Ms.1974.003","Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.","The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers","In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.","The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040","The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"collection_ssim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1974.003"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1974.003"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"creators_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers were donated to Virginia Tech from 1955 to 1990. The American Civil War letters of Harvey Black and the Civil War diaries of John Apperson were donated in 1974."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca show=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/38\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries include the following:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGermanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGlenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2503.xml\"\u003eMedical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml\"\u003eBell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026amp; Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Christian Union\u003c/emph\u003e publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_36b4a62ab56ab232aa259e6ea40349e2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"names_coll_ssim":["A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":172,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1779-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1779-1984"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1779/1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"text":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984","Ms.1974.003","Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.","The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers","In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.","The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040","The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"collection_ssim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779/1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1974.003"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1974.003"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"creators_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers were donated to Virginia Tech from 1955 to 1990. The American Civil War letters of Harvey Black and the Civil War diaries of John Apperson were donated in 1974."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca show=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/38\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries include the following:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers\nSeries II. Black Family Papers\nSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\nSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\nSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\nSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\nSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\nSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\nSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\nSeries X. Assorted Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGermanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGlenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources\n      Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\n      A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\n      Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\n      \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2503.xml\"\u003eMedical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml\"\u003eBell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026amp; Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Christian Union\u003c/emph\u003e publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and The Christian Union publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_36b4a62ab56ab232aa259e6ea40349e2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"names_coll_ssim":["A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":172,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of a recipe book titled \u003cspan\u003e\"Book for Receipts\"\u003c/span\u003e written in England in 1731 by at least two authors--names unknown. Recipes focus largely on delicacies, not on staple meals, and home remedies.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2345.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Book for Receipts Recipe Book","title_ssm":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book"],"title_tesim":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1731"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1731"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1731"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731"],"text":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731","Ms.2008.024","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","Cookbooks","The collection is open for research.","This item has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged by material type.","No biographical information exists on the authors of the recipe book.","The guide to the Book for Receipts Recipe Book by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Book for Receipts Recipe Book commenced and was completed in May 2008.","The Book for Receipts is a recipe book written in England in 1731. At least two owners added to this work (the names of owners remain unknown) because the handwriting changes in the last third of text. Some recipe contributors are named, such as Lady Westmorland, Mrs. Catherine Sanderson, Mrs. Allston, Mrs. Gilbert, and Sr. Orlando Gees. Recipes focus largely on delicacies-not on staple meals-and home remedies. Categories of recipes include pickles and preserves, cakes, biscuits, jellies, creams, and beverages (wines). One noteworthy example of a home remedy entitled The famous American Receipt for the Rheumatism appears in the volume and, according to the author, is very famous in America; a Hundred Pounds have been given for the Receipt. Recipes also indicate the availability of foodstuff in the eighteenth century-as seen through the use of several pounds of good Jamaican Sugar.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of a recipe book titled Book for Receipts written in England in 1731 by at least two authors--names unknown. Recipes focus largely on delicacies, not on staple meals, and home remedies.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731"],"collection_ssim":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.024"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.024"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Book for Receipts Recipe Book was purchased by Special Collections in 2005."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","Cookbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","Cookbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Cookbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1731],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis item has been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/HFDMss/Ms2008_024_BookReceipts\"\u003edigitized and is available online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["This item has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo biographical information exists on the authors of the recipe book.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["No biographical information exists on the authors of the recipe book."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e Recipe Book by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Book for Receipts Recipe Book by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e Recipe Book, Ms2008-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Book for Receipts Recipe Book, Ms2008-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e Recipe Book commenced and was completed in May 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Book for Receipts Recipe Book commenced and was completed in May 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e is a recipe book written in England in 1731. At least two owners added to this work (the names of owners remain unknown) because the handwriting changes in the last third of text. Some recipe contributors are named, such as Lady Westmorland, Mrs. Catherine Sanderson, Mrs. Allston, Mrs. Gilbert, and Sr. Orlando Gees. Recipes focus largely on delicacies-not on staple meals-and home remedies. Categories of recipes include pickles and preserves, cakes, biscuits, jellies, creams, and beverages (wines). One noteworthy example of a home remedy entitled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eThe famous American Receipt for the Rheumatism\u003c/title\u003e appears in the volume and, according to the author, \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eis very famous in America; a Hundred Pounds have been given for the Receipt.\u003c/title\u003e Recipes also indicate the availability of foodstuff in the eighteenth century-as seen through the use of several pounds of good \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eJamaican Sugar\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Book for Receipts is a recipe book written in England in 1731. At least two owners added to this work (the names of owners remain unknown) because the handwriting changes in the last third of text. Some recipe contributors are named, such as Lady Westmorland, Mrs. Catherine Sanderson, Mrs. Allston, Mrs. Gilbert, and Sr. Orlando Gees. Recipes focus largely on delicacies-not on staple meals-and home remedies. Categories of recipes include pickles and preserves, cakes, biscuits, jellies, creams, and beverages (wines). One noteworthy example of a home remedy entitled The famous American Receipt for the Rheumatism appears in the volume and, according to the author, is very famous in America; a Hundred Pounds have been given for the Receipt. Recipes also indicate the availability of foodstuff in the eighteenth century-as seen through the use of several pounds of good Jamaican Sugar."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bf47cbcd2957374a6662353dd8ffb422\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of a recipe book titled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e written in England in 1731 by at least two authors--names unknown. Recipes focus largely on delicacies, not on staple meals, and home remedies.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of a recipe book titled Book for Receipts written in England in 1731 by at least two authors--names unknown. Recipes focus largely on delicacies, not on staple meals, and home remedies."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2345.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Book for Receipts Recipe Book","title_ssm":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book"],"title_tesim":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1731"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1731"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1731"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731"],"text":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731","Ms.2008.024","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","Cookbooks","The collection is open for research.","This item has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged by material type.","No biographical information exists on the authors of the recipe book.","The guide to the Book for Receipts Recipe Book by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Book for Receipts Recipe Book commenced and was completed in May 2008.","The Book for Receipts is a recipe book written in England in 1731. At least two owners added to this work (the names of owners remain unknown) because the handwriting changes in the last third of text. Some recipe contributors are named, such as Lady Westmorland, Mrs. Catherine Sanderson, Mrs. Allston, Mrs. Gilbert, and Sr. Orlando Gees. Recipes focus largely on delicacies-not on staple meals-and home remedies. Categories of recipes include pickles and preserves, cakes, biscuits, jellies, creams, and beverages (wines). One noteworthy example of a home remedy entitled The famous American Receipt for the Rheumatism appears in the volume and, according to the author, is very famous in America; a Hundred Pounds have been given for the Receipt. Recipes also indicate the availability of foodstuff in the eighteenth century-as seen through the use of several pounds of good Jamaican Sugar.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of a recipe book titled Book for Receipts written in England in 1731 by at least two authors--names unknown. Recipes focus largely on delicacies, not on staple meals, and home remedies.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731"],"collection_ssim":["Book for Receipts Recipe Book, 1731"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.024"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.024"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Book for Receipts Recipe Book was purchased by Special Collections in 2005."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","Cookbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","Cookbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Cookbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1731],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis item has been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/HFDMss/Ms2008_024_BookReceipts\"\u003edigitized and is available online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["This item has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo biographical information exists on the authors of the recipe book.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["No biographical information exists on the authors of the recipe book."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e Recipe Book by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Book for Receipts Recipe Book by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e Recipe Book, Ms2008-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Book for Receipts Recipe Book, Ms2008-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e Recipe Book commenced and was completed in May 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Book for Receipts Recipe Book commenced and was completed in May 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e is a recipe book written in England in 1731. At least two owners added to this work (the names of owners remain unknown) because the handwriting changes in the last third of text. Some recipe contributors are named, such as Lady Westmorland, Mrs. Catherine Sanderson, Mrs. Allston, Mrs. Gilbert, and Sr. Orlando Gees. Recipes focus largely on delicacies-not on staple meals-and home remedies. Categories of recipes include pickles and preserves, cakes, biscuits, jellies, creams, and beverages (wines). One noteworthy example of a home remedy entitled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eThe famous American Receipt for the Rheumatism\u003c/title\u003e appears in the volume and, according to the author, \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eis very famous in America; a Hundred Pounds have been given for the Receipt.\u003c/title\u003e Recipes also indicate the availability of foodstuff in the eighteenth century-as seen through the use of several pounds of good \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eJamaican Sugar\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Book for Receipts is a recipe book written in England in 1731. At least two owners added to this work (the names of owners remain unknown) because the handwriting changes in the last third of text. Some recipe contributors are named, such as Lady Westmorland, Mrs. Catherine Sanderson, Mrs. Allston, Mrs. Gilbert, and Sr. Orlando Gees. Recipes focus largely on delicacies-not on staple meals-and home remedies. Categories of recipes include pickles and preserves, cakes, biscuits, jellies, creams, and beverages (wines). One noteworthy example of a home remedy entitled The famous American Receipt for the Rheumatism appears in the volume and, according to the author, is very famous in America; a Hundred Pounds have been given for the Receipt. Recipes also indicate the availability of foodstuff in the eighteenth century-as seen through the use of several pounds of good Jamaican Sugar."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bf47cbcd2957374a6662353dd8ffb422\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of a recipe book titled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBook for Receipts\u003c/title\u003e written in England in 1731 by at least two authors--names unknown. Recipes focus largely on delicacies, not on staple meals, and home remedies.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of a recipe book titled Book for Receipts written in England in 1731 by at least two authors--names unknown. Recipes focus largely on delicacies, not on staple meals, and home remedies."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2345"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Brown family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1745.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Brown Family Papers","title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965","1850-1894"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"text":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894","Ms.1990.011","Blacksburg (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.","James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown.","The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.","The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"collection_ssim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.011"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.011"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Brown family"],"creator_ssim":["Brown family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"creators_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Brown Family Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990. Additional materials were donated in 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eJames Cartmill Brown\u003c/persname\u003e was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to \u003cpersname\u003eAnnie E. Barnett\u003c/persname\u003e, but her connection to the family is unknown. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. \u003cpersname\u003eHarvey (Harvy) Black\u003c/persname\u003e of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_321a4c445033318e480f18a08ab61ee1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":495,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:53.205Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1745.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Brown Family Papers","title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965","1850-1894"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1912, 1965"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-1894"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"text":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894","Ms.1990.011","Blacksburg (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.","James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown.","The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.","The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"collection_ssim":["Brown Family Papers, 1825/1965, bulk 1850/1894"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.011"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.011"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Brown family"],"creator_ssim":["Brown family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"creators_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Brown Family Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1990. Additional materials were donated in 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged folders by year. Documents are filed based on the year of creation, rather than payment, court, or other dates."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eJames Cartmill Brown\u003c/persname\u003e was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to \u003cpersname\u003eAnnie E. Barnett\u003c/persname\u003e, but her connection to the family is unknown. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Cartmill Brown was born in 1828. Brown was a farmer in Montgomery County, Virginia. About 1851, he married Ann Elizabeth Thomas (b. abt. 1831). They had at least six children: Mellie (Mollie?) (b. abt. 1854), John C. (b. abt. 1857), D. Howe (b. abt. 1859), Florence E. (b. abt. 1864), Robert L. (b. abt. 1867), and James M. (b. abt. 1872). Brown died in 1913.","Thomas Brown was probably James Cartmill Brown's brother, but it is unclear if this is Thomas W. or Thomas M. (both are mentioned in the collection). A number of items relate to Annie E. Barnett, but her connection to the family is unknown."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Brown Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Brown Family Papers, Ms1990-011, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Brown Family Papers commenced and was completed in May 1998."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. \u003cpersname\u003eHarvey (Harvy) Black\u003c/persname\u003e of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Brown Family Papers contain the papers of James Cartmill Brown (1828-1913), a landowner of a farm on the north fork of the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. The materials consist of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912, with the bulk of the collection from 1850 to 1894, by members of the Brown family, as they purchased services and goods from business people in their community. The collection includes receipts from the services of Dr. Harvey (Harvy) Black of Blacksburg, and genealogical material of the Brown lineage created in 1965."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_321a4c445033318e480f18a08ab61ee1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of receipts, bills, Promissory notes, tax notes, letters, and other various papers created between 1825 and 1912 by members of the Brown, and other related families."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Brown family"],"persname_ssim":["James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Brown family","James Cartmill Brown","Annie E. Barnett","Harvey (Harvy) Black"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":495,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:53.205Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1745"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2780.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hawkins, Charles N.","title_ssm":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864"],"text":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864","Ms.2012.026","Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Collection is open for research.","The Virginia Regimental Histories Series suggests that:","Charles N. Hawkins was born c. 1845 in Craig County, Virginia, and that his middle name is probably Nelson.  Hawkins enlisted in Company D of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on March 19, 1863 at Lewisburg, Greenbrier County, West Virginia, and by September 19, 1864 Hawkins was captured in Winchester, Virginia.  On September 24, 1864, Hawkins was recorded as a Prisoner of War at Point Lookout, Maryland, but was released in an exchange on March 15, 1865.","George W. Rock was a resident of Craig County, Virginia, enlisting in Company C of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on May 1, 1862 at White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, West Virginia.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles N. Hawkins was completed in June 2012.","For more information about Charles N. Hawkins, see the George W. Rock Correspondence, 1863-1865, Ms2012-027. Finding aid available online.","The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.  In the first letter, dated August 1, 1863, Hawkins describes the movements of his regiment and camp life in West Virginia near Packs Ferry and the Mouth of Indian Creek.  The second letter, dated April 4, 1864, includes a reflection on Hawkins's most recent visit home, family news, and a description of life at Camp Gauley, West Virginia.  In the third letter, dated April 21, 1864, Hawkins discusses news from home and his recent illness, then has Rock describe camp life and Hawkins's illness.","Permission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864"],"collection_ssim":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.026"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.026"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))"],"creator_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was purchased by Special Collections in February 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Regimental Histories Series suggests that:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles N. Hawkins was born c. 1845 in Craig County, Virginia, and that his middle name is probably Nelson.  Hawkins enlisted in Company D of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on March 19, 1863 at Lewisburg, Greenbrier County, West Virginia, and by September 19, 1864 Hawkins was captured in Winchester, Virginia.  On September 24, 1864, Hawkins was recorded as a Prisoner of War at Point Lookout, Maryland, but was released in an exchange on March 15, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge W. Rock was a resident of Craig County, Virginia, enlisting in Company C of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on May 1, 1862 at White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia Regimental Histories Series suggests that:","Charles N. Hawkins was born c. 1845 in Craig County, Virginia, and that his middle name is probably Nelson.  Hawkins enlisted in Company D of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on March 19, 1863 at Lewisburg, Greenbrier County, West Virginia, and by September 19, 1864 Hawkins was captured in Winchester, Virginia.  On September 24, 1864, Hawkins was recorded as a Prisoner of War at Point Lookout, Maryland, but was released in an exchange on March 15, 1865.","George W. Rock was a resident of Craig County, Virginia, enlisting in Company C of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on May 1, 1862 at White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, West Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864, Ms2012-026, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864, Ms2012-026, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles N. Hawkins was completed in June 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles N. Hawkins was completed in June 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor more information about Charles N. Hawkins, see the George W. Rock Correspondence, 1863-1865, Ms2012-027. \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01028.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For more information about Charles N. Hawkins, see the George W. Rock Correspondence, 1863-1865, Ms2012-027. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.  In the first letter, dated August 1, 1863, Hawkins describes the movements of his regiment and camp life in West Virginia near Packs Ferry and the Mouth of Indian Creek.  The second letter, dated April 4, 1864, includes a reflection on Hawkins's most recent visit home, family news, and a description of life at Camp Gauley, West Virginia.  In the third letter, dated April 21, 1864, Hawkins discusses news from home and his recent illness, then has Rock describe camp life and Hawkins's illness.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.  In the first letter, dated August 1, 1863, Hawkins describes the movements of his regiment and camp life in West Virginia near Packs Ferry and the Mouth of Indian Creek.  The second letter, dated April 4, 1864, includes a reflection on Hawkins's most recent visit home, family news, and a description of life at Camp Gauley, West Virginia.  In the third letter, dated April 21, 1864, Hawkins discusses news from home and his recent illness, then has Rock describe camp life and Hawkins's illness."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f59bd25064c7e79ad735891047f06bc6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L."],"names_coll_ssim":["Eakin, Dollie L."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2780.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hawkins, Charles N.","title_ssm":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864"],"text":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864","Ms.2012.026","Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Collection is open for research.","The Virginia Regimental Histories Series suggests that:","Charles N. Hawkins was born c. 1845 in Craig County, Virginia, and that his middle name is probably Nelson.  Hawkins enlisted in Company D of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on March 19, 1863 at Lewisburg, Greenbrier County, West Virginia, and by September 19, 1864 Hawkins was captured in Winchester, Virginia.  On September 24, 1864, Hawkins was recorded as a Prisoner of War at Point Lookout, Maryland, but was released in an exchange on March 15, 1865.","George W. Rock was a resident of Craig County, Virginia, enlisting in Company C of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on May 1, 1862 at White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, West Virginia.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles N. Hawkins was completed in June 2012.","For more information about Charles N. Hawkins, see the George W. Rock Correspondence, 1863-1865, Ms2012-027. Finding aid available online.","The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.  In the first letter, dated August 1, 1863, Hawkins describes the movements of his regiment and camp life in West Virginia near Packs Ferry and the Mouth of Indian Creek.  The second letter, dated April 4, 1864, includes a reflection on Hawkins's most recent visit home, family news, and a description of life at Camp Gauley, West Virginia.  In the third letter, dated April 21, 1864, Hawkins discusses news from home and his recent illness, then has Rock describe camp life and Hawkins's illness.","Permission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864"],"collection_ssim":["Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863/1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.026"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.026"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))"],"creator_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was purchased by Special Collections in February 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Regimental Histories Series suggests that:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles N. Hawkins was born c. 1845 in Craig County, Virginia, and that his middle name is probably Nelson.  Hawkins enlisted in Company D of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on March 19, 1863 at Lewisburg, Greenbrier County, West Virginia, and by September 19, 1864 Hawkins was captured in Winchester, Virginia.  On September 24, 1864, Hawkins was recorded as a Prisoner of War at Point Lookout, Maryland, but was released in an exchange on March 15, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge W. Rock was a resident of Craig County, Virginia, enlisting in Company C of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on May 1, 1862 at White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia Regimental Histories Series suggests that:","Charles N. Hawkins was born c. 1845 in Craig County, Virginia, and that his middle name is probably Nelson.  Hawkins enlisted in Company D of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on March 19, 1863 at Lewisburg, Greenbrier County, West Virginia, and by September 19, 1864 Hawkins was captured in Winchester, Virginia.  On September 24, 1864, Hawkins was recorded as a Prisoner of War at Point Lookout, Maryland, but was released in an exchange on March 15, 1865.","George W. Rock was a resident of Craig County, Virginia, enlisting in Company C of the 22nd Virginia Infantry as a private on May 1, 1862 at White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, West Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864, Ms2012-026, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864, Ms2012-026, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles N. Hawkins was completed in June 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles N. Hawkins was completed in June 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor more information about Charles N. Hawkins, see the George W. Rock Correspondence, 1863-1865, Ms2012-027. \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01028.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For more information about Charles N. Hawkins, see the George W. Rock Correspondence, 1863-1865, Ms2012-027. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.  In the first letter, dated August 1, 1863, Hawkins describes the movements of his regiment and camp life in West Virginia near Packs Ferry and the Mouth of Indian Creek.  The second letter, dated April 4, 1864, includes a reflection on Hawkins's most recent visit home, family news, and a description of life at Camp Gauley, West Virginia.  In the third letter, dated April 21, 1864, Hawkins discusses news from home and his recent illness, then has Rock describe camp life and Hawkins's illness.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.  In the first letter, dated August 1, 1863, Hawkins describes the movements of his regiment and camp life in West Virginia near Packs Ferry and the Mouth of Indian Creek.  The second letter, dated April 4, 1864, includes a reflection on Hawkins's most recent visit home, family news, and a description of life at Camp Gauley, West Virginia.  In the third letter, dated April 21, 1864, Hawkins discusses news from home and his recent illness, then has Rock describe camp life and Hawkins's illness."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Charles N. Hawkins Correspondence, 1863-1864 must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f59bd25064c7e79ad735891047f06bc6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of three letters written by Pvt. Charles N. Hawkins and Pvt. George Rock to Hawkins's cousin, Dollie L. Eakin, between August 1863 and April 1864."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L."],"names_coll_ssim":["Eakin, Dollie L."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Rock, George W. (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Hawkins, Charles N., c.1845-? (22nd Regiment, Virginia Infantry (1st Kanawha Regiment))","Eakin, Dollie L."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2780"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4004.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hardin, Charles W., Collection","title_ssm":["Charles W. Hardin Collection"],"title_tesim":["Charles W. Hardin Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1847-1883"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1847-1883"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1883"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883"],"text":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883","Ms.2022.062","Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Letters","The collection is open for research.","The items in this collection are arranged by material type.","Charles W. Hardin was born c. 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. He studied medicine at University of Virginia and continued studies in Philadelphia, and by 1848, he practiced medicine in his home county. Some time after 1860, he moved to Summers, Rockbridge County, Virginia, where he sold general goods. He continued practicing medicine after the Civil War but expressed dismay over the decline of paying clients in postwar rural Virginia. He and his wife had several children, including a daughter named Minta Hardin and a son named Willie. Hardin died in 1899 at the age of eighty-five.","Source:","1850 United States Census, District 2 and A Half, Augusta, Virginia; Roll: 934; Page: 435b. Ancestry.com Database.","Maryland Medical Journal, a Weekly Journal of Medicine and Surgery. Volume XL, no. 1 (1898): 95. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026gbpv=1\u0026dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026pg=RA1-PA95\u0026printsec=frontcover.","The guide to the Charles W. Hardin Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles W. Hardin Collection was completed in October 2022.","This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia. It includes two ledgers with notes related to patients Hardin treated, including enslaved people prior to the American Civil War. It also includes letters to family members and attorneys. Topics discussed include family health, financial troubles for physicians in Virginia after the Civil War, and an ongoing property dispute following the sale of his mother's land during the Civil War. The collection also includes two poems and a drafted debate response defending the importance of women's education.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899","The materials in this collection are written in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883"],"collection_ssim":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.062"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.062"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"creator_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Letters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Letters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters"],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe items in this collection are arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The items in this collection are arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles W. Hardin was born c. 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. He studied medicine at University of Virginia and continued studies in Philadelphia, and by 1848, he practiced medicine in his home county. Some time after 1860, he moved to Summers, Rockbridge County, Virginia, where he sold general goods. He continued practicing medicine after the Civil War but expressed dismay over the decline of paying clients in postwar rural Virginia. He and his wife had several children, including a daughter named Minta Hardin and a son named Willie. Hardin died in 1899 at the age of eighty-five.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSource: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1850 United States Census, District 2 and A Half, Augusta, Virginia; Roll: 934; Page: 435b. Ancestry.com Database. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaryland Medical Journal, a Weekly Journal of Medicine and Surgery. Volume XL, no. 1 (1898): 95. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026amp;gbpv=1\u0026amp;dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026amp;pg=RA1-PA95\u0026amp;printsec=frontcover\"\u003ehttps://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026amp;gbpv=1\u0026amp;dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026amp;pg=RA1-PA95\u0026amp;printsec=frontcover\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles W. Hardin was born c. 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. He studied medicine at University of Virginia and continued studies in Philadelphia, and by 1848, he practiced medicine in his home county. Some time after 1860, he moved to Summers, Rockbridge County, Virginia, where he sold general goods. He continued practicing medicine after the Civil War but expressed dismay over the decline of paying clients in postwar rural Virginia. He and his wife had several children, including a daughter named Minta Hardin and a son named Willie. Hardin died in 1899 at the age of eighty-five.","Source:","1850 United States Census, District 2 and A Half, Augusta, Virginia; Roll: 934; Page: 435b. Ancestry.com Database.","Maryland Medical Journal, a Weekly Journal of Medicine and Surgery. Volume XL, no. 1 (1898): 95. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026gbpv=1\u0026dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026pg=RA1-PA95\u0026printsec=frontcover."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Charles W. Hardin Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Charles W. Hardin Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847-1890, Ms2022-062, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847-1890, Ms2022-062, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles W. Hardin Collection was completed in October 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles W. Hardin Collection was completed in October 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia. It includes two ledgers with notes related to patients Hardin treated, including enslaved people prior to the American Civil War. It also includes letters to family members and attorneys. Topics discussed include family health, financial troubles for physicians in Virginia after the Civil War, and an ongoing property dispute following the sale of his mother's land during the Civil War. The collection also includes two poems and a drafted debate response defending the importance of women's education.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia. It includes two ledgers with notes related to patients Hardin treated, including enslaved people prior to the American Civil War. It also includes letters to family members and attorneys. Topics discussed include family health, financial troubles for physicians in Virginia after the Civil War, and an ongoing property dispute following the sale of his mother's land during the Civil War. The collection also includes two poems and a drafted debate response defending the importance of women's education."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e8f02243ec1a340ebd13667a5e2af0eb\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are written in English."],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:17:57.864Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4004.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hardin, Charles W., Collection","title_ssm":["Charles W. Hardin Collection"],"title_tesim":["Charles W. Hardin Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1847-1883"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1847-1883"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1883"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883"],"text":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883","Ms.2022.062","Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Letters","The collection is open for research.","The items in this collection are arranged by material type.","Charles W. Hardin was born c. 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. He studied medicine at University of Virginia and continued studies in Philadelphia, and by 1848, he practiced medicine in his home county. Some time after 1860, he moved to Summers, Rockbridge County, Virginia, where he sold general goods. He continued practicing medicine after the Civil War but expressed dismay over the decline of paying clients in postwar rural Virginia. He and his wife had several children, including a daughter named Minta Hardin and a son named Willie. Hardin died in 1899 at the age of eighty-five.","Source:","1850 United States Census, District 2 and A Half, Augusta, Virginia; Roll: 934; Page: 435b. Ancestry.com Database.","Maryland Medical Journal, a Weekly Journal of Medicine and Surgery. Volume XL, no. 1 (1898): 95. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026gbpv=1\u0026dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026pg=RA1-PA95\u0026printsec=frontcover.","The guide to the Charles W. Hardin Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles W. Hardin Collection was completed in October 2022.","This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia. It includes two ledgers with notes related to patients Hardin treated, including enslaved people prior to the American Civil War. It also includes letters to family members and attorneys. Topics discussed include family health, financial troubles for physicians in Virginia after the Civil War, and an ongoing property dispute following the sale of his mother's land during the Civil War. The collection also includes two poems and a drafted debate response defending the importance of women's education.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899","The materials in this collection are written in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883"],"collection_ssim":["Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847/1883"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.062"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.062"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)","Rockbridge County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"creator_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Letters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Letters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters"],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe items in this collection are arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The items in this collection are arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles W. Hardin was born c. 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. He studied medicine at University of Virginia and continued studies in Philadelphia, and by 1848, he practiced medicine in his home county. Some time after 1860, he moved to Summers, Rockbridge County, Virginia, where he sold general goods. He continued practicing medicine after the Civil War but expressed dismay over the decline of paying clients in postwar rural Virginia. He and his wife had several children, including a daughter named Minta Hardin and a son named Willie. Hardin died in 1899 at the age of eighty-five.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSource: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1850 United States Census, District 2 and A Half, Augusta, Virginia; Roll: 934; Page: 435b. Ancestry.com Database. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaryland Medical Journal, a Weekly Journal of Medicine and Surgery. Volume XL, no. 1 (1898): 95. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026amp;gbpv=1\u0026amp;dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026amp;pg=RA1-PA95\u0026amp;printsec=frontcover\"\u003ehttps://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026amp;gbpv=1\u0026amp;dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026amp;pg=RA1-PA95\u0026amp;printsec=frontcover\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles W. Hardin was born c. 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. He studied medicine at University of Virginia and continued studies in Philadelphia, and by 1848, he practiced medicine in his home county. Some time after 1860, he moved to Summers, Rockbridge County, Virginia, where he sold general goods. He continued practicing medicine after the Civil War but expressed dismay over the decline of paying clients in postwar rural Virginia. He and his wife had several children, including a daughter named Minta Hardin and a son named Willie. Hardin died in 1899 at the age of eighty-five.","Source:","1850 United States Census, District 2 and A Half, Augusta, Virginia; Roll: 934; Page: 435b. Ancestry.com Database.","Maryland Medical Journal, a Weekly Journal of Medicine and Surgery. Volume XL, no. 1 (1898): 95. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Maryland_Medical_Journal/0x2gAAAAMAAJ?hl=en\u0026gbpv=1\u0026dq=charles+w+hardin\u0026pg=RA1-PA95\u0026printsec=frontcover."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Charles W. Hardin Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Charles W. Hardin Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847-1890, Ms2022-062, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles W. Hardin Collection, 1847-1890, Ms2022-062, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles W. Hardin Collection was completed in October 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles W. Hardin Collection was completed in October 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia. It includes two ledgers with notes related to patients Hardin treated, including enslaved people prior to the American Civil War. It also includes letters to family members and attorneys. Topics discussed include family health, financial troubles for physicians in Virginia after the Civil War, and an ongoing property dispute following the sale of his mother's land during the Civil War. The collection also includes two poems and a drafted debate response defending the importance of women's education.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia. It includes two ledgers with notes related to patients Hardin treated, including enslaved people prior to the American Civil War. It also includes letters to family members and attorneys. Topics discussed include family health, financial troubles for physicians in Virginia after the Civil War, and an ongoing property dispute following the sale of his mother's land during the Civil War. The collection also includes two poems and a drafted debate response defending the importance of women's education."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e8f02243ec1a340ebd13667a5e2af0eb\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains professional records and personal correspondence of Charles W. Hardin, a physician from Augusta County, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hardin, Charles W., c. 1823-1899"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are written in English."],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:17:57.864Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4004"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Cocktail Ephemera Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (i.e., postcards, pamphlets, and adverstising ephemera) relating to the history of the cocktails, spirits, and wine, dating from the about the 1870s to the present.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2867.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cocktail Ephemera Collection","title_ssm":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"title_tesim":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1870s-2000s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c.1870s-2000s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"text":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection","Ms.2013.027","Beer","Cocktail History Collection","Cocktails -- History","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Wine and wine making","Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards","Collection is open for research.","Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.","At its creation, the collection was established with three series: Series I: Advertising/Promotional Materials; Series II: Pamphlets; and Series III: Postcards/Cards. The Advertising/Promotional Materials and Pamphlet series are organized into three subseries each: Beer, Cocktails/Punch, and Wine. The Postcards/Cards series is arranged in alphabetical subseries based on cover images: Bars and Restaurants; Beers, Wines, and Liquor; Holidays; People and Scenery; Quotes and Text; and Recipes.","Additional series have been added to the collection over time (as well as additional items added to existing series). Series IV: Labels contains unused labels from bottles, mostly wines, but also some harder spirits and government organizations. Series V: Artifacts includes a small collection of 3-D items that were advertisements or feature cocktails recipes or advertisements on them. Examples of this include a vintage Bakelike faux shaker with recipes on an embedded rolodex and a tape measure with inches on one side and recipes on the other. Series VI: Menus/Drink Lists/Recipes contains menus or suggested drink lists from cafes, bars, restaurants, and hotels. Series V: Receipts includes documents that reflect transactions relating to cocktail, ingredients, and equipment/supplies.","Additional series, subseries, and items are expected as the collection expands.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cocktail Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected when new materials are added to the collection.","Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Virginia Tech Special Collections Culinary Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online.","The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats relating to the history of the cocktails, dating from the about the 1870s to the present. Materials include advertising and promotional items; pamphlets with recipes and suggestions for entertaining (party games, themes, and more); and postcards. The focus of the collection is cocktails, but some materials also relate to wine and beer in their own right, as well as ingredients in mixed drinks.","Copyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection.","The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (i.e., postcards, pamphlets, and adverstising ephemera) relating to the history of the cocktails, spirits, and wine, dating from the about the 1870s to the present.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The majority of the items in the collection are in English, but the collection does also include postcards in French, Russian, and German and wine labels in several languages. There is also a receipt in Spanish."],"collection_title_tesim":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.027"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.027"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Initial materials in the Cocktail Ephemera Collection consisted of five individual purchases, made between 2012 and 2013. Additional materials are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Beer","Cocktail History Collection","Cocktails -- History","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Wine and wine making","Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Beer","Cocktail History Collection","Cocktails -- History","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Wine and wine making","Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.59 Cubic Feet 6 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["1.59 Cubic Feet 6 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected items from this collection have been digitized and are \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013_027_CocktailEphemera\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAt its creation, the collection was established with three series: Series I: Advertising/Promotional Materials; Series II: Pamphlets; and Series III: Postcards/Cards. The Advertising/Promotional Materials and Pamphlet series are organized into three subseries each: Beer, Cocktails/Punch, and Wine. The Postcards/Cards series is arranged in alphabetical subseries based on cover images: Bars and Restaurants; Beers, Wines, and Liquor; Holidays; People and Scenery; Quotes and Text; and Recipes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional series have been added to the collection over time (as well as additional items added to existing series). Series IV: Labels contains unused labels from bottles, mostly wines, but also some harder spirits and government organizations. Series V: Artifacts includes a small collection of 3-D items that were advertisements or feature cocktails recipes or advertisements on them. Examples of this include a vintage Bakelike faux shaker with recipes on an embedded rolodex and a tape measure with inches on one side and recipes on the other. Series VI: Menus/Drink Lists/Recipes contains menus or suggested drink lists from cafes, bars, restaurants, and hotels. Series V: Receipts includes documents that reflect transactions relating to cocktail, ingredients, and equipment/supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional series, subseries, and items are expected as the collection expands.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["At its creation, the collection was established with three series: Series I: Advertising/Promotional Materials; Series II: Pamphlets; and Series III: Postcards/Cards. The Advertising/Promotional Materials and Pamphlet series are organized into three subseries each: Beer, Cocktails/Punch, and Wine. The Postcards/Cards series is arranged in alphabetical subseries based on cover images: Bars and Restaurants; Beers, Wines, and Liquor; Holidays; People and Scenery; Quotes and Text; and Recipes.","Additional series have been added to the collection over time (as well as additional items added to existing series). Series IV: Labels contains unused labels from bottles, mostly wines, but also some harder spirits and government organizations. Series V: Artifacts includes a small collection of 3-D items that were advertisements or feature cocktails recipes or advertisements on them. Examples of this include a vintage Bakelike faux shaker with recipes on an embedded rolodex and a tape measure with inches on one side and recipes on the other. Series VI: Menus/Drink Lists/Recipes contains menus or suggested drink lists from cafes, bars, restaurants, and hotels. Series V: Receipts includes documents that reflect transactions relating to cocktail, ingredients, and equipment/supplies.","Additional series, subseries, and items are expected as the collection expands."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Cocktail Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-027, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Cocktail Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-027, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Cocktail Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected when new materials are added to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cocktail Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected when new materials are added to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00787.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00823.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01045.xml;\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2013-027, Virginia Tech Special Collections Culinary Ephemera Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01168.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Virginia Tech Special Collections Culinary Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats relating to the history of the cocktails, dating from the about the 1870s to the present. Materials include advertising and promotional items; pamphlets with recipes and suggestions for entertaining (party games, themes, and more); and postcards. The focus of the collection is cocktails, but some materials also relate to wine and beer in their own right, as well as ingredients in mixed drinks.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats relating to the history of the cocktails, dating from the about the 1870s to the present. Materials include advertising and promotional items; pamphlets with recipes and suggestions for entertaining (party games, themes, and more); and postcards. The focus of the collection is cocktails, but some materials also relate to wine and beer in their own right, as well as ingredients in mixed drinks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c318a2e9e647da7e31b477836e480e04\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (i.e., postcards, pamphlets, and adverstising ephemera) relating to the history of the cocktails, spirits, and wine, dating from the about the 1870s to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (i.e., postcards, pamphlets, and adverstising ephemera) relating to the history of the cocktails, spirits, and wine, dating from the about the 1870s to the present."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The majority of the items in the collection are in English, but the collection does also include postcards in French, Russian, and German and wine labels in several languages. There is also a receipt in Spanish."],"total_component_count_is":216,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:17:09.987Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2867.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cocktail Ephemera Collection","title_ssm":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"title_tesim":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1870s-2000s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c.1870s-2000s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"text":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection","Ms.2013.027","Beer","Cocktail History Collection","Cocktails -- History","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Wine and wine making","Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards","Collection is open for research.","Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.","At its creation, the collection was established with three series: Series I: Advertising/Promotional Materials; Series II: Pamphlets; and Series III: Postcards/Cards. The Advertising/Promotional Materials and Pamphlet series are organized into three subseries each: Beer, Cocktails/Punch, and Wine. The Postcards/Cards series is arranged in alphabetical subseries based on cover images: Bars and Restaurants; Beers, Wines, and Liquor; Holidays; People and Scenery; Quotes and Text; and Recipes.","Additional series have been added to the collection over time (as well as additional items added to existing series). Series IV: Labels contains unused labels from bottles, mostly wines, but also some harder spirits and government organizations. Series V: Artifacts includes a small collection of 3-D items that were advertisements or feature cocktails recipes or advertisements on them. Examples of this include a vintage Bakelike faux shaker with recipes on an embedded rolodex and a tape measure with inches on one side and recipes on the other. Series VI: Menus/Drink Lists/Recipes contains menus or suggested drink lists from cafes, bars, restaurants, and hotels. Series V: Receipts includes documents that reflect transactions relating to cocktail, ingredients, and equipment/supplies.","Additional series, subseries, and items are expected as the collection expands.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cocktail Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected when new materials are added to the collection.","Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Virginia Tech Special Collections Culinary Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online.","The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats relating to the history of the cocktails, dating from the about the 1870s to the present. Materials include advertising and promotional items; pamphlets with recipes and suggestions for entertaining (party games, themes, and more); and postcards. The focus of the collection is cocktails, but some materials also relate to wine and beer in their own right, as well as ingredients in mixed drinks.","Copyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection.","The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (i.e., postcards, pamphlets, and adverstising ephemera) relating to the history of the cocktails, spirits, and wine, dating from the about the 1870s to the present.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The majority of the items in the collection are in English, but the collection does also include postcards in French, Russian, and German and wine labels in several languages. There is also a receipt in Spanish."],"collection_title_tesim":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Cocktail Ephemera Collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.027"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.027"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Initial materials in the Cocktail Ephemera Collection consisted of five individual purchases, made between 2012 and 2013. Additional materials are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Beer","Cocktail History Collection","Cocktails -- History","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Wine and wine making","Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Beer","Cocktail History Collection","Cocktails -- History","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Wine and wine making","Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.59 Cubic Feet 6 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["1.59 Cubic Feet 6 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Advertisements","Culinary pamphlets","Ephemera","Pamphlets","Postcards"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected items from this collection have been digitized and are \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013_027_CocktailEphemera\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAt its creation, the collection was established with three series: Series I: Advertising/Promotional Materials; Series II: Pamphlets; and Series III: Postcards/Cards. The Advertising/Promotional Materials and Pamphlet series are organized into three subseries each: Beer, Cocktails/Punch, and Wine. The Postcards/Cards series is arranged in alphabetical subseries based on cover images: Bars and Restaurants; Beers, Wines, and Liquor; Holidays; People and Scenery; Quotes and Text; and Recipes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional series have been added to the collection over time (as well as additional items added to existing series). Series IV: Labels contains unused labels from bottles, mostly wines, but also some harder spirits and government organizations. Series V: Artifacts includes a small collection of 3-D items that were advertisements or feature cocktails recipes or advertisements on them. Examples of this include a vintage Bakelike faux shaker with recipes on an embedded rolodex and a tape measure with inches on one side and recipes on the other. Series VI: Menus/Drink Lists/Recipes contains menus or suggested drink lists from cafes, bars, restaurants, and hotels. Series V: Receipts includes documents that reflect transactions relating to cocktail, ingredients, and equipment/supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional series, subseries, and items are expected as the collection expands.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["At its creation, the collection was established with three series: Series I: Advertising/Promotional Materials; Series II: Pamphlets; and Series III: Postcards/Cards. The Advertising/Promotional Materials and Pamphlet series are organized into three subseries each: Beer, Cocktails/Punch, and Wine. The Postcards/Cards series is arranged in alphabetical subseries based on cover images: Bars and Restaurants; Beers, Wines, and Liquor; Holidays; People and Scenery; Quotes and Text; and Recipes.","Additional series have been added to the collection over time (as well as additional items added to existing series). Series IV: Labels contains unused labels from bottles, mostly wines, but also some harder spirits and government organizations. Series V: Artifacts includes a small collection of 3-D items that were advertisements or feature cocktails recipes or advertisements on them. Examples of this include a vintage Bakelike faux shaker with recipes on an embedded rolodex and a tape measure with inches on one side and recipes on the other. Series VI: Menus/Drink Lists/Recipes contains menus or suggested drink lists from cafes, bars, restaurants, and hotels. Series V: Receipts includes documents that reflect transactions relating to cocktail, ingredients, and equipment/supplies.","Additional series, subseries, and items are expected as the collection expands."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Cocktail Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-027, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Cocktail Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-027, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Cocktail Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected when new materials are added to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cocktail Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected when new materials are added to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00787.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00823.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01045.xml;\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2013-027, Virginia Tech Special Collections Culinary Ephemera Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01168.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Virginia Tech Special Collections Culinary Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats relating to the history of the cocktails, dating from the about the 1870s to the present. Materials include advertising and promotional items; pamphlets with recipes and suggestions for entertaining (party games, themes, and more); and postcards. The focus of the collection is cocktails, but some materials also relate to wine and beer in their own right, as well as ingredients in mixed drinks.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats relating to the history of the cocktails, dating from the about the 1870s to the present. Materials include advertising and promotional items; pamphlets with recipes and suggestions for entertaining (party games, themes, and more); and postcards. The focus of the collection is cocktails, but some materials also relate to wine and beer in their own right, as well as ingredients in mixed drinks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for individual items may vary. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on copying or publishing items from Cocktail Ephemera Collection."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c318a2e9e647da7e31b477836e480e04\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (i.e., postcards, pamphlets, and adverstising ephemera) relating to the history of the cocktails, spirits, and wine, dating from the about the 1870s to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Cocktail Ephemera Collection is a collection that was created in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (i.e., postcards, pamphlets, and adverstising ephemera) relating to the history of the cocktails, spirits, and wine, dating from the about the 1870s to the present."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The majority of the items in the collection are in English, but the collection does also include postcards in French, Russian, and German and wine labels in several languages. There is also a receipt in Spanish."],"total_component_count_is":216,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:17:09.987Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2867"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Culinary Ephemera Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (postcards, menus, children's activities, advertising pamphlets, and more) that relate to food, nutrition, and medicine, dating from the early 19th century to the present.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2868.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Culinary Ephemera Collection","title_ssm":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"title_tesim":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1900s-2000s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c.1900s-2000s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"text":["Culinary Ephemera Collection","Ms.2013.028","Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","Games","Health","History of Food and Drink","Medicine","Nutrition","Patent medicines","World War, 1939-1945","Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games","Collection is open for research.","Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online: http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.","The collection is arranged in series by material format. Additional series (and possibly subseries) are expected as the collection expands.","Series I: Advertising and Promotional Materials includes broadsides and other single sheet advertisements, product labels, and a variety of trade cards. Advertised items include food technology and production items like stoves and small appliances, agricultural products, and individual foods and companies like Carnation and Kellogg. This series contains a set of trade cards from Libby Meats featuring image of and quotes from Shakespeare, miniature trade cards with calendars, and a large Royal Baking Powder broadside, among other ephemera.","Series II: Games and Puzzles contains puzzles intended for play cocktail or theme parties, as well as items for children from restaurants and product boxes and trivia/informational tools.","Series III: Menus includes printed menus for locations and restaurants for adults and children.","Series IV: Nutrition and Health consists of informational pamphlets on diseases and specific illnesses, as well as their treatment, plus advertisements and information on patent and practical medicines, and a small group of items relating to nutrition. This series includes ephemera specific to children's health and nutrition.","Series V: Correspondence Artifacts consists of postcards and notecards featuring food products, food labels, and images from institutions with agriculture and food collection holdings. Some postcards contain messages on the back.","Series VI: Recipes includes ephemeral items that contain recipes or are individual recipes.","Series VII: Coupons and Stamp Books includes savers, booklets for collecting stamps (to be traded for items), and coupons.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected as new materials are added to the collection. Additional description and reorganization of the collection was completed in September 2015, February 2017 and July 2017.","Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Cocktail Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online.","The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats that relate to food and nutrition, dating from the early 19th century to the present (although many of the materials are undated). Materials include: advertising and promotional materials for food products, games and other children's activities, menus from restaurants and events, pamphlets on nutrition and health topics, notecards inspired by food products and food publications, and postcards.","Permission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (postcards, menus, children's activities, advertising pamphlets, and more)  that relate to food,  nutrition, and medicine, dating from the early 19th century to the present.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.028"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.028"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Initial materials in the Culinary Ephemera Collection consisted of several purchases made and donations received in 2012 and 2013. Additional materials are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","Games","Health","History of Food and Drink","Medicine","Nutrition","Patent medicines","World War, 1939-1945","Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","Games","Health","History of Food and Drink","Medicine","Nutrition","Patent medicines","World War, 1939-1945","Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online: \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028\"\u003ehttp://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028\u003c/a\u003e. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online: http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in series by material format. Additional series (and possibly subseries) are expected as the collection expands. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Advertising and Promotional Materials includes broadsides and other single sheet advertisements, product labels, and a variety of trade cards. Advertised items include food technology and production items like stoves and small appliances, agricultural products, and individual foods and companies like Carnation and Kellogg. This series contains a set of trade cards from Libby Meats featuring image of and quotes from Shakespeare, miniature trade cards with calendars, and a large Royal Baking Powder broadside, among other ephemera. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Games and Puzzles contains puzzles intended for play cocktail or theme parties, as well as items for children from restaurants and product boxes and trivia/informational tools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Menus includes printed menus for locations and restaurants for adults and children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Nutrition and Health consists of informational pamphlets on diseases and specific illnesses, as well as their treatment, plus advertisements and information on patent and practical medicines, and a small group of items relating to nutrition. This series includes ephemera specific to children's health and nutrition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Correspondence Artifacts consists of postcards and notecards featuring food products, food labels, and images from institutions with agriculture and food collection holdings. Some postcards contain messages on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Recipes includes ephemeral items that contain recipes or are individual recipes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Coupons and Stamp Books includes savers, booklets for collecting stamps (to be traded for items), and coupons.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in series by material format. Additional series (and possibly subseries) are expected as the collection expands.","Series I: Advertising and Promotional Materials includes broadsides and other single sheet advertisements, product labels, and a variety of trade cards. Advertised items include food technology and production items like stoves and small appliances, agricultural products, and individual foods and companies like Carnation and Kellogg. This series contains a set of trade cards from Libby Meats featuring image of and quotes from Shakespeare, miniature trade cards with calendars, and a large Royal Baking Powder broadside, among other ephemera.","Series II: Games and Puzzles contains puzzles intended for play cocktail or theme parties, as well as items for children from restaurants and product boxes and trivia/informational tools.","Series III: Menus includes printed menus for locations and restaurants for adults and children.","Series IV: Nutrition and Health consists of informational pamphlets on diseases and specific illnesses, as well as their treatment, plus advertisements and information on patent and practical medicines, and a small group of items relating to nutrition. This series includes ephemera specific to children's health and nutrition.","Series V: Correspondence Artifacts consists of postcards and notecards featuring food products, food labels, and images from institutions with agriculture and food collection holdings. Some postcards contain messages on the back.","Series VI: Recipes includes ephemeral items that contain recipes or are individual recipes.","Series VII: Coupons and Stamp Books includes savers, booklets for collecting stamps (to be traded for items), and coupons."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Culinary Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-028, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Culinary Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-028, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected as new materials are added to the collection. Additional description and reorganization of the collection was completed in September 2015, February 2017 and July 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected as new materials are added to the collection. Additional description and reorganization of the collection was completed in September 2015, February 2017 and July 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00787.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00823.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01045.xml;\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2013-027, Cocktail Ephemera Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01167.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Cocktail Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats that relate to food and nutrition, dating from the early 19th century to the present (although many of the materials are undated). Materials include: advertising and promotional materials for food products, games and other children's activities, menus from restaurants and events, pamphlets on nutrition and health topics, notecards inspired by food products and food publications, and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats that relate to food and nutrition, dating from the early 19th century to the present (although many of the materials are undated). Materials include: advertising and promotional materials for food products, games and other children's activities, menus from restaurants and events, pamphlets on nutrition and health topics, notecards inspired by food products and food publications, and postcards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_db73957adfda41aca56def2372308e0e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (postcards, menus, children's activities, advertising pamphlets, and more)  that relate to food,  nutrition, and medicine, dating from the early 19th century to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (postcards, menus, children's activities, advertising pamphlets, and more)  that relate to food,  nutrition, and medicine, dating from the early 19th century to the present."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":128,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:17:09.987Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2868.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Culinary Ephemera Collection","title_ssm":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"title_tesim":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1900s-2000s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c.1900s-2000s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"text":["Culinary Ephemera Collection","Ms.2013.028","Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","Games","Health","History of Food and Drink","Medicine","Nutrition","Patent medicines","World War, 1939-1945","Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games","Collection is open for research.","Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online: http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.","The collection is arranged in series by material format. Additional series (and possibly subseries) are expected as the collection expands.","Series I: Advertising and Promotional Materials includes broadsides and other single sheet advertisements, product labels, and a variety of trade cards. Advertised items include food technology and production items like stoves and small appliances, agricultural products, and individual foods and companies like Carnation and Kellogg. This series contains a set of trade cards from Libby Meats featuring image of and quotes from Shakespeare, miniature trade cards with calendars, and a large Royal Baking Powder broadside, among other ephemera.","Series II: Games and Puzzles contains puzzles intended for play cocktail or theme parties, as well as items for children from restaurants and product boxes and trivia/informational tools.","Series III: Menus includes printed menus for locations and restaurants for adults and children.","Series IV: Nutrition and Health consists of informational pamphlets on diseases and specific illnesses, as well as their treatment, plus advertisements and information on patent and practical medicines, and a small group of items relating to nutrition. This series includes ephemera specific to children's health and nutrition.","Series V: Correspondence Artifacts consists of postcards and notecards featuring food products, food labels, and images from institutions with agriculture and food collection holdings. Some postcards contain messages on the back.","Series VI: Recipes includes ephemeral items that contain recipes or are individual recipes.","Series VII: Coupons and Stamp Books includes savers, booklets for collecting stamps (to be traded for items), and coupons.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected as new materials are added to the collection. Additional description and reorganization of the collection was completed in September 2015, February 2017 and July 2017.","Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Cocktail Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online.","The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats that relate to food and nutrition, dating from the early 19th century to the present (although many of the materials are undated). Materials include: advertising and promotional materials for food products, games and other children's activities, menus from restaurants and events, pamphlets on nutrition and health topics, notecards inspired by food products and food publications, and postcards.","Permission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (postcards, menus, children's activities, advertising pamphlets, and more)  that relate to food,  nutrition, and medicine, dating from the early 19th century to the present.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Culinary Ephemera Collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.028"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.028"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Initial materials in the Culinary Ephemera Collection consisted of several purchases made and donations received in 2012 and 2013. Additional materials are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","Games","Health","History of Food and Drink","Medicine","Nutrition","Patent medicines","World War, 1939-1945","Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","Games","Health","History of Food and Drink","Medicine","Nutrition","Patent medicines","World War, 1939-1945","Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Advertisements","Advertising cards","Ephemera","Menus","Postcards","Puzzles and games"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online: \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028\"\u003ehttp://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028\u003c/a\u003e. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online: http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-028. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in series by material format. Additional series (and possibly subseries) are expected as the collection expands. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Advertising and Promotional Materials includes broadsides and other single sheet advertisements, product labels, and a variety of trade cards. Advertised items include food technology and production items like stoves and small appliances, agricultural products, and individual foods and companies like Carnation and Kellogg. This series contains a set of trade cards from Libby Meats featuring image of and quotes from Shakespeare, miniature trade cards with calendars, and a large Royal Baking Powder broadside, among other ephemera. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Games and Puzzles contains puzzles intended for play cocktail or theme parties, as well as items for children from restaurants and product boxes and trivia/informational tools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Menus includes printed menus for locations and restaurants for adults and children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Nutrition and Health consists of informational pamphlets on diseases and specific illnesses, as well as their treatment, plus advertisements and information on patent and practical medicines, and a small group of items relating to nutrition. This series includes ephemera specific to children's health and nutrition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Correspondence Artifacts consists of postcards and notecards featuring food products, food labels, and images from institutions with agriculture and food collection holdings. Some postcards contain messages on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Recipes includes ephemeral items that contain recipes or are individual recipes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Coupons and Stamp Books includes savers, booklets for collecting stamps (to be traded for items), and coupons.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in series by material format. Additional series (and possibly subseries) are expected as the collection expands.","Series I: Advertising and Promotional Materials includes broadsides and other single sheet advertisements, product labels, and a variety of trade cards. Advertised items include food technology and production items like stoves and small appliances, agricultural products, and individual foods and companies like Carnation and Kellogg. This series contains a set of trade cards from Libby Meats featuring image of and quotes from Shakespeare, miniature trade cards with calendars, and a large Royal Baking Powder broadside, among other ephemera.","Series II: Games and Puzzles contains puzzles intended for play cocktail or theme parties, as well as items for children from restaurants and product boxes and trivia/informational tools.","Series III: Menus includes printed menus for locations and restaurants for adults and children.","Series IV: Nutrition and Health consists of informational pamphlets on diseases and specific illnesses, as well as their treatment, plus advertisements and information on patent and practical medicines, and a small group of items relating to nutrition. This series includes ephemera specific to children's health and nutrition.","Series V: Correspondence Artifacts consists of postcards and notecards featuring food products, food labels, and images from institutions with agriculture and food collection holdings. Some postcards contain messages on the back.","Series VI: Recipes includes ephemeral items that contain recipes or are individual recipes.","Series VII: Coupons and Stamp Books includes savers, booklets for collecting stamps (to be traded for items), and coupons."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Culinary Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-028, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Culinary Ephemera Collection, Ms2013-028, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected as new materials are added to the collection. Additional description and reorganization of the collection was completed in September 2015, February 2017 and July 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Ephemera Collection was completed in July 2013. Further description is expected as new materials are added to the collection. Additional description and reorganization of the collection was completed in September 2015, February 2017 and July 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00787.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00823.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01045.xml;\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMs2013-027, Cocktail Ephemera Collection. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01167.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections also includes a number of similar and related collections of ephemera and culinary publications:\n\nMs2011-002, Culinary Pamphlet Collection. Finding aid available online. \nMs2011-022, National Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2012-040, State/Regional Home and Agricultural Publications. Finding aid available online. \nMs2013-027, Cocktail Ephemera Collection. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats that relate to food and nutrition, dating from the early 19th century to the present (although many of the materials are undated). Materials include: advertising and promotional materials for food products, games and other children's activities, menus from restaurants and events, pamphlets on nutrition and health topics, notecards inspired by food products and food publications, and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats that relate to food and nutrition, dating from the early 19th century to the present (although many of the materials are undated). Materials include: advertising and promotional materials for food products, games and other children's activities, menus from restaurants and events, pamphlets on nutrition and health topics, notecards inspired by food products and food publications, and postcards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Culinary Ephemera Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_db73957adfda41aca56def2372308e0e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (postcards, menus, children's activities, advertising pamphlets, and more)  that relate to food,  nutrition, and medicine, dating from the early 19th century to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Culinary Ephemera Collection was established in 2013. The collection consists of materials in a variety of formats (postcards, menus, children's activities, advertising pamphlets, and more)  that relate to food,  nutrition, and medicine, dating from the early 19th century to the present."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":128,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:17:09.987Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2868"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Culinary Pamphlet Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2642.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Culinary Pamphlet Collection","title_ssm":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"title_tesim":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1870s-1990s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1870s-1990s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"text":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection","Ms.2011.002","/repositories/2/resources/2642","Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Science and Technology","Traditional medicine","Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets","The collection is open for research.","Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.","Publications and pamphlets are sorted by the name of the parent companies. Companies are arranged in alphabetical order. Since many companies changed names over time, an effort has been made to provide as many company names as possible. The earliest known company is listed first with subsequent names in parentheses.","Within each parent company, pamphlets are in chronological order. Each folder includes a bibliography of pamphlet and publication titles, dates, and authors, where known. Cross-references to other companies are listed at the folder level, if applicable.","The guide to the Culinary Pamphlet Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Pamphlet Collection was completed in January 2011. Additional description is expected as materials are added to the collection.","The History of Food and Drink Collection at Special Collections includes more than 75 manuscript collections relating to culinary history, including from handwritten receipt books, advertising ephemera, and items documenting the history of cocktails, food technology and production, and children's nutrition.  A list of collections is available online through Virginia Heritage. You can search within this list, too.","The Culinary Pamphlet Collection is an artificial collection created in January 2011. The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and other food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.","The collection represents a diverse set of companies and products. Examples include items from the World War II era with recipes and tips for rationing and substituting for \"Victory,\" publications featuring recipes using a specific kitchen appliance, weight loss hints from the National Dairy Council, and recipe books produced by heating and air conditioning vendors as advertising. The majority of titles in the collection relate to specific food products, especially flour, baking powder, baking soda, and various gelatines like Knox and Jell-O.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.002","/repositories/2/resources/2642"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.002","/repositories/2/resources/2642"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The initial materials in this collection were part of two separate donations given to Special Collections and University Archives in 2010. Additional accruals are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Science and Technology","Traditional medicine","Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Science and Technology","Traditional medicine","Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["8.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected items from this collection have been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2011-002_CulinaryPamphletColl\"\u003edigitized and are available online\u003c/a\u003e. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublications and pamphlets are sorted by the name of the parent companies. Companies are arranged in alphabetical order. Since many companies changed names over time, an effort has been made to provide as many company names as possible. The earliest known company is listed first with subsequent names in parentheses. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWithin each parent company, pamphlets are in chronological order. Each folder includes a bibliography of pamphlet and publication titles, dates, and authors, where known. Cross-references to other companies are listed at the folder level, if applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Publications and pamphlets are sorted by the name of the parent companies. Companies are arranged in alphabetical order. Since many companies changed names over time, an effort has been made to provide as many company names as possible. The earliest known company is listed first with subsequent names in parentheses.","Within each parent company, pamphlets are in chronological order. Each folder includes a bibliography of pamphlet and publication titles, dates, and authors, where known. Cross-references to other companies are listed at the folder level, if applicable."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Culinary Pamphlet Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Culinary Pamphlet Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Culinary Pamphlet Collection, Ms2011-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Culinary Pamphlet Collection, Ms2011-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Pamphlet Collection was completed in January 2011. Additional description is expected as materials are added to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Pamphlet Collection was completed in January 2011. Additional description is expected as materials are added to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe History of Food and Drink Collection at Special Collections includes more than 75 manuscript collections relating to culinary history, including from handwritten receipt books, advertising ephemera, and items documenting the history of cocktails, food technology and production, and children's nutrition.  A list of collections is \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/search?smode=browse;f1-publisher=Virginia%20Polytechnic%20Institute%20and%20State%20University;expand=subject;f2-subject=History%20of%20Food%20and%20Drink\" show=\"new\"\u003eavailable online through Virginia Heritage\u003c/a\u003e. You can search within this list, too.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The History of Food and Drink Collection at Special Collections includes more than 75 manuscript collections relating to culinary history, including from handwritten receipt books, advertising ephemera, and items documenting the history of cocktails, food technology and production, and children's nutrition.  A list of collections is available online through Virginia Heritage. You can search within this list, too."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Culinary Pamphlet Collection is an artificial collection created in January 2011. The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and other food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection represents a diverse set of companies and products. Examples include items from the World War II era with recipes and tips for rationing and substituting for \"Victory,\" publications featuring recipes using a specific kitchen appliance, weight loss hints from the National Dairy Council, and recipe books produced by heating and air conditioning vendors as advertising. The majority of titles in the collection relate to specific food products, especially flour, baking powder, baking soda, and various gelatines like Knox and Jell-O. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Culinary Pamphlet Collection is an artificial collection created in January 2011. The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and other food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.","The collection represents a diverse set of companies and products. Examples include items from the World War II era with recipes and tips for rationing and substituting for \"Victory,\" publications featuring recipes using a specific kitchen appliance, weight loss hints from the National Dairy Council, and recipe books produced by heating and air conditioning vendors as advertising. The majority of titles in the collection relate to specific food products, especially flour, baking powder, baking soda, and various gelatines like Knox and Jell-O."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a70d169c626268dc41d832f063c70285\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":423,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2642.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Culinary Pamphlet Collection","title_ssm":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"title_tesim":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1870s-1990s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1870s-1990s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"text":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection","Ms.2011.002","/repositories/2/resources/2642","Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Science and Technology","Traditional medicine","Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets","The collection is open for research.","Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.","Publications and pamphlets are sorted by the name of the parent companies. Companies are arranged in alphabetical order. Since many companies changed names over time, an effort has been made to provide as many company names as possible. The earliest known company is listed first with subsequent names in parentheses.","Within each parent company, pamphlets are in chronological order. Each folder includes a bibliography of pamphlet and publication titles, dates, and authors, where known. Cross-references to other companies are listed at the folder level, if applicable.","The guide to the Culinary Pamphlet Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Pamphlet Collection was completed in January 2011. Additional description is expected as materials are added to the collection.","The History of Food and Drink Collection at Special Collections includes more than 75 manuscript collections relating to culinary history, including from handwritten receipt books, advertising ephemera, and items documenting the history of cocktails, food technology and production, and children's nutrition.  A list of collections is available online through Virginia Heritage. You can search within this list, too.","The Culinary Pamphlet Collection is an artificial collection created in January 2011. The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and other food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.","The collection represents a diverse set of companies and products. Examples include items from the World War II era with recipes and tips for rationing and substituting for \"Victory,\" publications featuring recipes using a specific kitchen appliance, weight loss hints from the National Dairy Council, and recipe books produced by heating and air conditioning vendors as advertising. The majority of titles in the collection relate to specific food products, especially flour, baking powder, baking soda, and various gelatines like Knox and Jell-O.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Culinary Pamphlet Collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.002","/repositories/2/resources/2642"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.002","/repositories/2/resources/2642"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The initial materials in this collection were part of two separate donations given to Special Collections and University Archives in 2010. Additional accruals are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Science and Technology","Traditional medicine","Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Patent medicines","Science and Technology","Traditional medicine","Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["8.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Culinary pamphlets","Pamphlets"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected items from this collection have been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2011-002_CulinaryPamphletColl\"\u003edigitized and are available online\u003c/a\u003e. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected items from this collection have been digitized and are available online. Additional items will be added to the digital collection as they are scanned."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublications and pamphlets are sorted by the name of the parent companies. Companies are arranged in alphabetical order. Since many companies changed names over time, an effort has been made to provide as many company names as possible. The earliest known company is listed first with subsequent names in parentheses. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWithin each parent company, pamphlets are in chronological order. Each folder includes a bibliography of pamphlet and publication titles, dates, and authors, where known. Cross-references to other companies are listed at the folder level, if applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Publications and pamphlets are sorted by the name of the parent companies. Companies are arranged in alphabetical order. Since many companies changed names over time, an effort has been made to provide as many company names as possible. The earliest known company is listed first with subsequent names in parentheses.","Within each parent company, pamphlets are in chronological order. Each folder includes a bibliography of pamphlet and publication titles, dates, and authors, where known. Cross-references to other companies are listed at the folder level, if applicable."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Culinary Pamphlet Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Culinary Pamphlet Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Culinary Pamphlet Collection, Ms2011-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Culinary Pamphlet Collection, Ms2011-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Pamphlet Collection was completed in January 2011. Additional description is expected as materials are added to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Culinary Pamphlet Collection was completed in January 2011. Additional description is expected as materials are added to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe History of Food and Drink Collection at Special Collections includes more than 75 manuscript collections relating to culinary history, including from handwritten receipt books, advertising ephemera, and items documenting the history of cocktails, food technology and production, and children's nutrition.  A list of collections is \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/search?smode=browse;f1-publisher=Virginia%20Polytechnic%20Institute%20and%20State%20University;expand=subject;f2-subject=History%20of%20Food%20and%20Drink\" show=\"new\"\u003eavailable online through Virginia Heritage\u003c/a\u003e. You can search within this list, too.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The History of Food and Drink Collection at Special Collections includes more than 75 manuscript collections relating to culinary history, including from handwritten receipt books, advertising ephemera, and items documenting the history of cocktails, food technology and production, and children's nutrition.  A list of collections is available online through Virginia Heritage. You can search within this list, too."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Culinary Pamphlet Collection is an artificial collection created in January 2011. The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and other food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection represents a diverse set of companies and products. Examples include items from the World War II era with recipes and tips for rationing and substituting for \"Victory,\" publications featuring recipes using a specific kitchen appliance, weight loss hints from the National Dairy Council, and recipe books produced by heating and air conditioning vendors as advertising. The majority of titles in the collection relate to specific food products, especially flour, baking powder, baking soda, and various gelatines like Knox and Jell-O. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Culinary Pamphlet Collection is an artificial collection created in January 2011. The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and other food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.","The collection represents a diverse set of companies and products. Examples include items from the World War II era with recipes and tips for rationing and substituting for \"Victory,\" publications featuring recipes using a specific kitchen appliance, weight loss hints from the National Dairy Council, and recipe books produced by heating and air conditioning vendors as advertising. The majority of titles in the collection relate to specific food products, especially flour, baking powder, baking soda, and various gelatines like Knox and Jell-O."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a70d169c626268dc41d832f063c70285\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes small publications and pamphlets created and distributed by culinary, appliance, and food-related companies from about the 1870s to the 1990s. Most pamphlets contain advertisements, recipes, product information, testimonials, or some combination of all four."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","Abbott Alkaloidal Co.","Abbott Laboratories","Advanced Aluminum Castings Corp.","The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.","Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Company (Manitowoc, Wis.)","Mirro Aluminum Company","American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages","American Cranberry Exchange","American Dairy Association","American Institute of Baking","American Molasses Company","The American Products Co. (Cincinnati, Ohio)","American Sugar Refining Company","Anchor-Hocking (Firm)","Angelus-Campfire Co","Armour and Company","Armour Grain Company","Armour Packing Co.","Ashley's Fine Mexican Foods","Associated Corn Products Manufacturers","Associated Salmon Packers","Association of Hawaiian Pineapple Canners","Aladdin Industries Inc.","Alaska Packer's Association.","American Meat Institute (Chicago, IL).","American Pop Corn Company.","American Thermometer Co. (Saint Louis, MO.).","Auto Vacuum Freezer Co., Inc.","Atlantic Natural Foods Company. (Nashville, NC.).","American Slide Chart/Perrygraf.","B. F. Goodrich Company","Baker Extract Company (Springfield, MA, and Portland, ME)","Ballard and Ballard Company","Battle Creek Food Co.","Bauerlein, Inc.","Beech-nut Packing Company","Best Foods, Inc","Better Homes and Gardens (Firm)","The Bliss Charcoal Stove Company","Blue Moon Foods, Inc.","Borden Company","Borden, Inc.","Boston Crystal Gelatine","Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Company","Brazil Nut Advertising Fund (New York, NY)","Brazil Nut Association","Breakstone Foods","Bunte Brothers","Burnham \u0026 Morrill Co.","Bimbo Bakeries USA","C. F. Mueller Co","C. G. Meaker Co.","Calhoun Pecan Company, Inc.","California Avocado Advisory Board","California Avocado Commission","California Associated Raisin Company","Sun Maid Growers of California","California Conserving Company, Inc.","California Dry Bean Advisory Board","California and Hawaiian Sugar Refining Corporation","California and Hawaiian Sugar Company","California Packing Corporation","Del Monte Corporation","California Prune and Apricot Growers Association","Sunsweet Growers, Inc.","California Walnut Growers Association","Calumet Baking Powder Company","Carnation Milk Products Company","Carnation Company","Carnation Company. Home Services Department","Castle \u0026 Cooke","Centennial Flouring Mill Company","Cereal Machine Company","Shredded Wheat Company","Natural Food Company","Canadian Shredded Wheat Company","Pacific Shredded Wheat Company","National Biscuit Company","Nabisco Brands, Inc.","Chalmers Gelatine","Charles B. Knox Co.","Charles B. Knox Gelatine Co.","Knox Gelatine, Inc.","Charles Gulden Inc","Chas. M. Cox Co","Chase \u0026 Sanborn","Chef Boyardee Company","Chicago Flexible Shaft Company","Sunbeam Corporation","Chr. Hansen's Laboratory","Church \u0026 Dwight Co","C. I. Hood \u0026 Co. (Lowell, Mass.)","Cleveland Baking Powder Co. (New York, N.Y.)","Codman \u0026 Hall","Coleman's Fish Market (Wheeling, WV)","Colonial Stores Incorporated","Consolidated Book Publishers","Corn Products Refining Company","Corn Products Company","CPC International","Corning Glass Works","Consumers Union of United States","Crayton's Southern Sausage Company, Inc.","Cream of Wheat Corporation (Minneapolis, Minn.)","Crescent Manufacturing Company (Seattle, Wash.)","Cumberland Packing Corporation","Curtin Promotions, Inc.","Comcast Corporation.","C. F. Sauer Company","The Clorox Company","Colony Brands, Inc.","The Swiss Colony, Inc.","The D \u0026 C Co., Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)","D. \u0026 L. Slade Company (Boston, MA.)","Dairy Council of California","Darigold, Inc","Derby Foods","Detroit Soda Products Company","Detroit Vapor Stove Company","Diamond Crystal Salt Company","Diamond W Baking Powder","Dixon Prosser Inc","Douglas-Pectin Corp","Dr. Pepper Co.","Durham Wheat Institute.","Durkee-Mower, Inc","Dart Industries Inc.","E. C. Rich, Inc. (New York, NY)","The E. Kahn's Sons Co.","Eastern Metal Products Corporation (Tuckahoe, NY)","Eckrich","Edwards Coffee","Ekco Housewares Company","Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Penn'a","Estate Stove Company","Evaporated Milk Association","Emerson Drug Company","F. Küppersbusch \u0026 Söhne Akt.-Ges.","Fairmont Foods Company","Firestone Tire \u0026 Rubber Company","Fisherman's Grotto (San Francisco, CA)","French Sardine Company","Frigidaire Corporation","General Motors Corporation. Frigidaire Division","Frigidaire Company","Frozen Food Locker Co.","Fruit Dispatch Company","Fruit Valley Corporation (Rochester, NY)","Furst-McNess Company","Farm Fresh Food \u0026 Pharmacy","G. H. Hammond Co. (Chicago, IL)","Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association","Gebhardt's","Geisha Brand","General Baking Company","General Electric Company","Edison General Electric Appliance Co., Inc.","Edison General Electric Company","Edison Electrical Institute","General Electric Company--Kitchen Institute","General Foods Corporation","Kraft General Foods","General Mills, inc","Genesee Pure Food Co","Jell-O Company","General Foods Corporation--Jell-O Division","Gibson Electric Refrigerator Corporation","Glassips, Inc","Good Luck Food Co., Inc.","Gravymaster Company, Inc.","Gunther Brewing","Gurley Milling Company","GLK Foods, LLC","Silver Floss Sauerkraut Company; Great Lakes Kraut Company","George Worthington Company","The Great Atlantic \u0026 Pacific Tea Company. (Also: A\u0026P)","H. J. Heinz Company","H. Korn Baking Company (Quincy, IL)","Hecker Products Corporation","Hecker H-O Company Inc. (Buffalo, NY)","Hershey Chocolate Company","Hershey Chocolate Corporation","Hershey Foods Corporation","Hershey Company","Hess Warming \u0026 Ventilation Company","Heublein, Inc","Hills Brothers Company","Hirsch Bros. \u0026 Company (Louisville, KY, and Pittsburgh, PA)","Holmes \u0026 Edwards Silver Co","International Silver Company","Horlick's Malted Milk Company","House of Herbs, Inc. (Canaan, Conn.)","Hulman and Company","Clabber Girl","Hershey Creamery Company. (Also: Hershey's Ice Cream.)","Hazleton Baking Company","International Multifoods Corporation","J. A. Folger Company","Folger Coffee Company","Proctor \u0026 Gamble Company--Folger Coffee Company","JFG Coffee Co. (Knoxville, TN)","J. \u0026 G. Cox","The Cox Gelatine Company","J. R. Watkins Company","Watkins Products, Inc.","Jaques Mfg. Co.","John F. Jelke Company","John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Joseph Campbell Company (Camden, N.J.)","Campbell Soup Company","Franco American Food Co.","Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company","Kellogg Company","Kelvinator Corporation (Detroit, Mich.)","Kerr Glass Manufacturing Corporation","The Kitchen Craft Co. (West Bend, WI)","Knudsen Creamery Co. of California","Kraft Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Company","Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corporation","National Dairy Products Corporation","Kraft Foods Company","National Dairy Products Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraftco Corporation. Kraft Foods Division","Kraft, inc.","Kraft Foods Group","Phenix Cheese Company","Kroger Grocery \u0026 Bakery Co.","Kroger Company","The Kroger Food Foundation","La Rosa \u0026 Sons, Inc.","Larabee Flour Mills Company","Lasko Metal Products, Inc.","Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Company (Lawrenceburg,\n IN)","Lea \u0026 Perrins, Inc.","Lehn and Fink Products Corporation","Leonard Refrigerator Company","Leslie Salt Company","Lever Brothers Company","Libby, McNeill \u0026 Libby","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Litton Systems, Inc.","Longmans, Green, and Co.","Longman (Firm)","Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company","Lewis \u0026 Conger.","Lancaster Colony Corporation","Majestic Cook-Ware Corporation","Majestic Manufacturing Company","Malleable Iron Range Corporation","Manning, Bowman, \u0026 Co.","Martha White Foods","Martin Bros.","Mathews Industries, Inc.","McCormick \u0026 Co. (Baltimore, MD)","McGraw Electric Company","McIlhenny Co.","Merrell-Soule Company (Syracuse, N.Y.)","Metropolitan Life Insurance Company","Minneapolis Mill Company","Washburn-Crosby Co.","Minute Tapioca Co.","Mrs. Schlorer's, Inc.","Meredith Corporation.","Mushroom Growers' Cooperative Association.","Metal Ware Corporation.","Meyer Corporation.","Merrick Medicine Company, Inc.","Mangels, Herold, Co., Inc.","N. K. Fairbank Company","National Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Shippers Association","International Apple Association","National Apple Institute","International Apple Institute","U. S. Apple Association","Nabisco, Inc.","National Cranberry Association","Ocean Spray Cranberry, Inc.","Cranberry Canners, Inc.","National Dairy Council","National Frozen Food Locker Association","National Live Stock and Meat Board","National Macaroni Institute","National Oats Company (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)","National Potato Chip Institute","Potato Chip Institute International","Potato Chip/Snack Food Association","Snack Food Association","National Sugar Refining Company","Nestle's Milk Products, Inc","Nestle Foods Corporation","Nestle USA, Inc.","New York State Electric and Gas Corporation","Nordic Ware (Firm)","N. C. Millers Association","Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co","Northwestern Steel  Iron Works","National Pressure Cooker Company","National Presto Industries, Inc","Northwestern Yeast Company","North Carolina Pork Council. (Formerly: North Carolina Pork Producers Association.)","National Pork Producers Council.","New Jersey Asparagus Industry Council","Omar Mills Inc","Oster Corporation. (Later: Sunbeam-Oster Company, Inc.)","Oxo Limited","O-I Glass, Inc. (Formerly: Owens-Illinois, Inc.).","P. Duff  Sons, Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA)","Pacific Coast Borax Company","Palmer House (Chicago, IL)","Parmelee-Dorhmann Co.","Penick  Ford, Ltd","Pepperidge Farm, inc.","Pet Milk Company","Pet Incorporated","Pfaltzgraff Co","Philadelphia Gas Works","Planters Edible Oil Company","Planters Peanut Oil","Standard Brands Incorporated","Plymouth Rock Gelatine Co. (Boston, MA)","Pillsbury Flour Mills Company","Pillsbury Mills, Inc.","Pillsbury Company","Pompeian Corporation","Popeil Brothers","Postum Company","Potato Board (U.S.)","National Potato Promotion Board (U.S.)","Premier Malt Products Company","Price Flavoring Extract Co.","Procter  Gamble Company","Prudential Insurance Company of America","Pennwalt Corporation. (Formerly: Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company.)","Poultry and Egg National Board","The Pampered Chef, Ltd.","Perry Mason Company","Quaker Oats Company","Quality Bakers of America","R. B. Davis Company","The Davis Baking Powder Company (Hoboken, NJ)","R. T. French Company","Ralston Purina Company","Republic Metalware Co.","Reynolds Metals Company","Rice Council for Market Development (U.S.)","Richard Hellmann (Firm)","Best Foods, Inc.","Rival Manufacturing Company","Royal Baking Powder Company","Rumford Company","Rathbone, Sard  Co.","Reed  Carnrick Company.","Regal Appliance Inc.","Reiffton Dairy Co.","Reynolds Metals Company. (Later: Reynolds Group Holdings.)","Rochester Stamping Company.","Rumford Chemical Works. (See also: Rumford Company.)","S. Gumpert Co., Inc.","San Giorgio Macaroni, Inc.","Sargent and Company (New Haven, Conn.)","Scovill Manufacturing Company","Scovill, Inc.","Sealtest, Inc","The Semon Ice Cream Co.","Seven-Up Company","The Shotwell Mfg. Co.","Sokol  Company","Southern California Fish Canners (Organization)","California Fish Canners Association","Tuna Research Foundation (U.S.)","Southern California Fruit Exchanges","Southern California Fruit Exchange","California Fruit Growers Exchange","Sunkist Growers, inc.","Southern Laboratory Kitchens (Dallas, TX)","Southwestern Milling Company","Standard Milling Company","Sperry Flour Company","Spaulding's","Staley Sales Corporation","Standard Rice Company, Inc. (Houston, TX)","Stull Brothers Inc. (Sebree, KY)","Sumner Rhubarb Growers Association","Sun-Rayed Company","Swift  Company","JBS Swift  Company","Salton Manufacturing Company, Inc","(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","Saltwater Farm, Inc","Sears Holdings Corporation","Sears, Roebuck and Co.","Smithfield Foods, Inc.","Stuart Pharmaceuticals","Sentinel Manufacturing Company.","T. Kingsford  Son","National Starch Company","Tested Recipe Institute","Thomas Bell  Sons, Ltd.","Thomas J. Lipton, Inc.","Tielman's Dairy","Tildesley  Co.","Tillamook County Creamery Association","Tru Blu Biscuit Company","Thornton  Chester Milling Co.","United Fruit Company","Universal Foods Corporation","United State Sweet Potato Council","USDA Bureau of Home Economics.","Ukrop's Homestyle Foods","United States Bakery. (Also: Franz Family Bakeries.)","Van Camp Sea Food Company","Virginia-Carolina Peanut Promotions","Vitamin Food Company","The Vermont Country Store","W. J. McCahan Sugar Refining  Molasses Co.","Walker  Pratt Manufacturing Co.","Waring Products Corporation","Waring Products, Inc.","Wear-Ever Aluminum, inc.","Wesson Oil People","Wesson Oil and Snowdrift People","Hunt-Wesson Foods","West Bend Aluminum Company","West Bend Company","Regal Ware, Inc.","West Coast Lumbermen's Association","Western Wood Products Association","Western States Grocery Company","Westinghouse Electric  Manufacturing Company. (Including: Home Economics Institute)","Wilcolator Co.","The William G. Bell Company","William J. Moxley","William Underwood Company","Wilson  Co. (Chicago, Ill.)","Wisconsin Condensed Milk Company","Wise Potato Chip Co.","Woman's Day","Woodcock Brand","Worcester Salt Company","Morton Salt Company","W.G. Blair Co. Inc.","Walter M. Lowney Company","Whirlpool Corporation","Worthington Foods, Inc.","Wise Fruit Company"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":423,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2642"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2643.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Starbird, Daisy, Manuscript Cookbook","title_ssm":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook"],"title_tesim":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1905"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c. 1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905"],"text":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905","Ms.2011.003","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","The collection is open for research.","The cookbook is signed by Daisy B. Starbird (b. 1882?) of Brunswick, Maine. While little more is known about the owner/creator of the cookbook, it is possible that she may have been a teacher (pupils age 5-14), which may explain the attendance records intermingling with the recipes.","The guide to the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was completed in January 2011.","The collection contains a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands. A majority of the recipes are for desserts (for example, \"Pork Cake,\" \"Golf Balls,\" and \"Hop Toads\"), but there are also some for soups, puddings, and sauces. Like many recipe books, there are notes for home remedies.","There are several different hands, one of whom may be Mrs. Hanson, to whom several of the receipts are attributed. Other contributors include Mrs. M. Shaw, Mrs. Rogers, Nellie Darrah, and Miss Lancaster. The signature on the inside cover reads \"Daisy B. Starbird, Feb. 5, 1903, in Brunswick, Maine.\"","In addition, several pages in the book contain attendance sheets, most likely for a school or class.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905"],"collection_ssim":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.003"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.003"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"creator_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1905],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe cookbook is signed by Daisy B. Starbird (b. 1882?) of Brunswick, Maine. While little more is known about the owner/creator of the cookbook, it is possible that she may have been a teacher (pupils age 5-14), which may explain the attendance records intermingling with the recipes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The cookbook is signed by Daisy B. Starbird (b. 1882?) of Brunswick, Maine. While little more is known about the owner/creator of the cookbook, it is possible that she may have been a teacher (pupils age 5-14), which may explain the attendance records intermingling with the recipes."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, Ms2011-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, Ms2011-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was completed in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was completed in January 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands. A majority of the recipes are for desserts (for example, \"Pork Cake,\" \"Golf Balls,\" and \"Hop Toads\"), but there are also some for soups, puddings, and sauces. Like many recipe books, there are notes for home remedies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are several different hands, one of whom may be Mrs. Hanson, to whom several of the receipts are attributed. Other contributors include Mrs. M. Shaw, Mrs. Rogers, Nellie Darrah, and Miss Lancaster. The signature on the inside cover reads \"Daisy B. Starbird, Feb. 5, 1903, in Brunswick, Maine.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, several pages in the book contain attendance sheets, most likely for a school or class.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands. A majority of the recipes are for desserts (for example, \"Pork Cake,\" \"Golf Balls,\" and \"Hop Toads\"), but there are also some for soups, puddings, and sauces. Like many recipe books, there are notes for home remedies.","There are several different hands, one of whom may be Mrs. Hanson, to whom several of the receipts are attributed. Other contributors include Mrs. M. Shaw, Mrs. Rogers, Nellie Darrah, and Miss Lancaster. The signature on the inside cover reads \"Daisy B. Starbird, Feb. 5, 1903, in Brunswick, Maine.\"","In addition, several pages in the book contain attendance sheets, most likely for a school or class."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_39d7e58a476062e186380533b9b31caa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2643","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2643.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Starbird, Daisy, Manuscript Cookbook","title_ssm":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook"],"title_tesim":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1905"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c. 1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905"],"text":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905","Ms.2011.003","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine","The collection is open for research.","The cookbook is signed by Daisy B. Starbird (b. 1882?) of Brunswick, Maine. While little more is known about the owner/creator of the cookbook, it is possible that she may have been a teacher (pupils age 5-14), which may explain the attendance records intermingling with the recipes.","The guide to the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was completed in January 2011.","The collection contains a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands. A majority of the recipes are for desserts (for example, \"Pork Cake,\" \"Golf Balls,\" and \"Hop Toads\"), but there are also some for soups, puddings, and sauces. Like many recipe books, there are notes for home remedies.","There are several different hands, one of whom may be Mrs. Hanson, to whom several of the receipts are attributed. Other contributors include Mrs. M. Shaw, Mrs. Rogers, Nellie Darrah, and Miss Lancaster. The signature on the inside cover reads \"Daisy B. Starbird, Feb. 5, 1903, in Brunswick, Maine.\"","In addition, several pages in the book contain attendance sheets, most likely for a school or class.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection includes a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905"],"collection_ssim":["Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, 1905"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.003"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.003"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"creator_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","History of Food and Drink","Traditional medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1905],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe cookbook is signed by Daisy B. Starbird (b. 1882?) of Brunswick, Maine. While little more is known about the owner/creator of the cookbook, it is possible that she may have been a teacher (pupils age 5-14), which may explain the attendance records intermingling with the recipes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The cookbook is signed by Daisy B. Starbird (b. 1882?) of Brunswick, Maine. While little more is known about the owner/creator of the cookbook, it is possible that she may have been a teacher (pupils age 5-14), which may explain the attendance records intermingling with the recipes."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, Ms2011-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook, Ms2011-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was completed in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daisy Starbird Manuscript Cookbook was completed in January 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands. A majority of the recipes are for desserts (for example, \"Pork Cake,\" \"Golf Balls,\" and \"Hop Toads\"), but there are also some for soups, puddings, and sauces. Like many recipe books, there are notes for home remedies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are several different hands, one of whom may be Mrs. Hanson, to whom several of the receipts are attributed. Other contributors include Mrs. M. Shaw, Mrs. Rogers, Nellie Darrah, and Miss Lancaster. The signature on the inside cover reads \"Daisy B. Starbird, Feb. 5, 1903, in Brunswick, Maine.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, several pages in the book contain attendance sheets, most likely for a school or class.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands. A majority of the recipes are for desserts (for example, \"Pork Cake,\" \"Golf Balls,\" and \"Hop Toads\"), but there are also some for soups, puddings, and sauces. Like many recipe books, there are notes for home remedies.","There are several different hands, one of whom may be Mrs. Hanson, to whom several of the receipts are attributed. Other contributors include Mrs. M. Shaw, Mrs. Rogers, Nellie Darrah, and Miss Lancaster. The signature on the inside cover reads \"Daisy B. Starbird, Feb. 5, 1903, in Brunswick, Maine.\"","In addition, several pages in the book contain attendance sheets, most likely for a school or class."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_39d7e58a476062e186380533b9b31caa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes a manuscript cookbook containing recipes, home remedies, and crochet instructions written in several different hands."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Starbird, Daisy B. (Brunswick, Maine)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Starbird, Daisy B. 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