{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Faculty+and+staff\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026page=5","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Faculty+and+staff\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026page=4","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Faculty+and+staff\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026page=5"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":5,"next_page":null,"prev_page":4,"total_pages":5,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":40,"total_count":44,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert E. Marshak Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3579.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marshak, Robert E., Papers","title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.060"],"text":["Ms.1988.060","Robert E. Marshak Papers","Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)","Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection .","The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. ","Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.","The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.","Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. ","The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.060"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert E. Marshak Papers were donated to Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA) in three separate donations. Series I, also known as the Rochester Conference Papers, were donated in 1989. The remainder of the collection (Series II-IX) was acquired by SCUA in 1989 and 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. 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Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988_060_MarshakRobertEPapers\"\u003eavailible online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives, which maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is dividied into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Personal Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Organizations and Research\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Audio Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Oversized Materials \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTeaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvents at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTypical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics\u003c/title\u003e (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20180521195133/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/marshk/bio.htm\"\u003eA fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt4m3nf11n/\"\u003eRobert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)\u003c/a\u003e are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e, a digital collection of photographs. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIndividual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_635d9808d6804b3f3d25c41245f53f24\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c2b6b4b53b3eb16993d115314b9ced29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2203,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:22:51.011Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3579.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marshak, Robert E., Papers","title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.060"],"text":["Ms.1988.060","Robert E. Marshak Papers","Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)","Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection .","The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. ","Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.","The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.","Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. ","The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.060"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert E. Marshak Papers were donated to Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA) in three separate donations. Series I, also known as the Rochester Conference Papers, were donated in 1989. The remainder of the collection (Series II-IX) was acquired by SCUA in 1989 and 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988_060_MarshakRobertEPapers\"\u003eavailible online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives, which maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is dividied into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Personal Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Organizations and Research\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Audio Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Oversized Materials \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTeaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvents at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTypical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics\u003c/title\u003e (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20180521195133/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/marshk/bio.htm\"\u003eA fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt4m3nf11n/\"\u003eRobert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)\u003c/a\u003e are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e, a digital collection of photographs. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIndividual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_635d9808d6804b3f3d25c41245f53f24\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c2b6b4b53b3eb16993d115314b9ced29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2203,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:22:51.011Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Thomas Adriance Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Adriance, Thomas","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2016.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Adriance, Thomas, Papers","title_ssm":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1957-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1957-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1996.003"],"text":["Ms.1996.003","Thomas Adriance Papers","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Faculty and staff","Community theater","Theater  -- United States","University History","Theater programs","Collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged by event location.","Thomas Adriance was born in 1937 and educated at Dartmouth College (B.A., 1959) and Columbia University (Ph.D., 1968). He served as an Assistant and then Associate Professor of History at Virginia Tech from 1968 until his death in February 1996, specializing in French History and military battles.","The guide to the Thomas Adriance Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Adriance Papers commenced in April 1996 and was completed in June 1996.","The collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance. The performances were given in Blacksburg, Virginia, and other regional, national, and international locations. Includes programs from performances at the Barter Theatre in Abingdon, Virginia, the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C., and the Opera de Paris in France.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Adriance, Thomas","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1996.003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Adriance, Thomas"],"creator_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"creators_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Adriance Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Faculty and staff","Community theater","Theater  -- United States","University History","Theater programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Faculty and staff","Community theater","Theater  -- United States","University History","Theater programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs"],"date_range_isim":[1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by event location.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by event location."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Adriance was born in 1937 and educated at Dartmouth College (B.A., 1959) and Columbia University (Ph.D., 1968). He served as an Assistant and then Associate Professor of History at Virginia Tech from 1968 until his death in February 1996, specializing in French History and military battles.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Adriance was born in 1937 and educated at Dartmouth College (B.A., 1959) and Columbia University (Ph.D., 1968). 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Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_711c24d16b1055a7d79155898e20c1be\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Adriance, Thomas"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":118,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:54.402Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2016.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Adriance, Thomas, Papers","title_ssm":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1957-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1957-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1996.003"],"text":["Ms.1996.003","Thomas Adriance Papers","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Faculty and staff","Community theater","Theater  -- United States","University History","Theater programs","Collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged by event location.","Thomas Adriance was born in 1937 and educated at Dartmouth College (B.A., 1959) and Columbia University (Ph.D., 1968). 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Adriance, Thomas","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1996.003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Adriance Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Adriance, Thomas"],"creator_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"creators_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. 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Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_711c24d16b1055a7d79155898e20c1be\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists almost exclusively of performance programs, playbills, and other threater literature of theater, dance, and music performances attended by Adriance."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Adriance, Thomas"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Adriance, Thomas"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":118,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:54.402Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2016"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3442.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr., Papers","title_ssm":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"title_tesim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1994, 1997, 2016, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994, 1997, 2016, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.041"],"text":["Ms.2019.041","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers","Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Businesspeople","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material at the end.","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr. (1926-2016) served as the 11th president of Virginia Tech and CEO of the Georgia Pacific Corporation. Hahn earned a B.S. in physics from the University of Kentucky at the age of 18, served two years in the U.S. Navy, and received his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at 23. In 1954, Hahn joined Virginia Tech as the head of the Department of Physics. ","In 1962, Hahn became the 11th president of Virginia Polytechnic Insitute (VPI). During his tenure, he was influential in obtaining university status and changing the institution's name to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1970. Hahn expanded female enrollment by severing ties with Radford University, which served as the Women's Division of VPI from 1944 until 1964. He was also an advocate of the Virginia Community College System, with Virginia Tech becoming the first college or university to accept community college students without loss of credit. Additionally, the university dropped the mandatory military requirement for male students, created several colleges, and expanded the arts programs. ","Hahn resigned from the university in 1974, becoming the executive vice president of the Georgia Pacific Corporation (GP). In 1976, he was promoted to president and 1983 became chief executive office, which he served as until his retirement in 1993. He led the company's takeover of Great Northern Nekooska, making in the largest paper manufacturer in the U.S. at the time.","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., married Margaret Louise \"Peggy\" Lee in 1948, and the couple had three children. ","Source:","In memoriam: Virginia Tech President Emeritus T. Marshall Hahn Jr. , Virginia Tech News, May 30, 2016.","The guide to the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers was completed in November 2019.","See also the  Records of the Office of the President, T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., 1962-1974, RG 2/11  from his tenure as President of Virginia Tech.","The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.041"],"normalized_title_ssm":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"collection_ssim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Businesspeople"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Businesspeople"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically with undated material at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eT. Marshall Hahn, Jr. (1926-2016) served as the 11th president of Virginia Tech and CEO of the Georgia Pacific Corporation. Hahn earned a B.S. in physics from the University of Kentucky at the age of 18, served two years in the U.S. Navy, and received his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at 23. In 1954, Hahn joined Virginia Tech as the head of the Department of Physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, Hahn became the 11th president of Virginia Polytechnic Insitute (VPI). During his tenure, he was influential in obtaining university status and changing the institution's name to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1970. Hahn expanded female enrollment by severing ties with Radford University, which served as the Women's Division of VPI from 1944 until 1964. He was also an advocate of the Virginia Community College System, with Virginia Tech becoming the first college or university to accept community college students without loss of credit. Additionally, the university dropped the mandatory military requirement for male students, created several colleges, and expanded the arts programs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHahn resigned from the university in 1974, becoming the executive vice president of the Georgia Pacific Corporation (GP). In 1976, he was promoted to president and 1983 became chief executive office, which he served as until his retirement in 1993. He led the company's takeover of Great Northern Nekooska, making in the largest paper manufacturer in the U.S. at the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. Marshall Hahn, Jr., married Margaret Louise \"Peggy\" Lee in 1948, and the couple had three children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://vtnews.vt.edu/articles/2016/05/hahnmemoriam.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIn memoriam: Virginia Tech President Emeritus T. Marshall Hahn Jr.\u003c/a\u003e, Virginia Tech News, May 30, 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr. (1926-2016) served as the 11th president of Virginia Tech and CEO of the Georgia Pacific Corporation. Hahn earned a B.S. in physics from the University of Kentucky at the age of 18, served two years in the U.S. Navy, and received his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at 23. In 1954, Hahn joined Virginia Tech as the head of the Department of Physics. ","In 1962, Hahn became the 11th president of Virginia Polytechnic Insitute (VPI). During his tenure, he was influential in obtaining university status and changing the institution's name to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1970. Hahn expanded female enrollment by severing ties with Radford University, which served as the Women's Division of VPI from 1944 until 1964. He was also an advocate of the Virginia Community College System, with Virginia Tech becoming the first college or university to accept community college students without loss of credit. Additionally, the university dropped the mandatory military requirement for male students, created several colleges, and expanded the arts programs. ","Hahn resigned from the university in 1974, becoming the executive vice president of the Georgia Pacific Corporation (GP). In 1976, he was promoted to president and 1983 became chief executive office, which he served as until his retirement in 1993. He led the company's takeover of Great Northern Nekooska, making in the largest paper manufacturer in the U.S. at the time.","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., married Margaret Louise \"Peggy\" Lee in 1948, and the couple had three children. ","Source:","In memoriam: Virginia Tech President Emeritus T. Marshall Hahn Jr. , Virginia Tech News, May 30, 2016."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers was completed in November 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers was completed in November 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3442.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRecords of the Office of the President, T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., 1962-1974, RG 2/11\u003c/a\u003e from his tenure as President of Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the  Records of the Office of the President, T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., 1962-1974, RG 2/11  from his tenure as President of Virginia Tech."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_114b3d000b21f0c2fda77a11e705645d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016"],"persname_ssim":["Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:21.060Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3442.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr., Papers","title_ssm":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"title_tesim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1994, 1997, 2016, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994, 1997, 2016, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.041"],"text":["Ms.2019.041","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers","Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Businesspeople","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material at the end.","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr. (1926-2016) served as the 11th president of Virginia Tech and CEO of the Georgia Pacific Corporation. Hahn earned a B.S. in physics from the University of Kentucky at the age of 18, served two years in the U.S. Navy, and received his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at 23. In 1954, Hahn joined Virginia Tech as the head of the Department of Physics. ","In 1962, Hahn became the 11th president of Virginia Polytechnic Insitute (VPI). During his tenure, he was influential in obtaining university status and changing the institution's name to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1970. Hahn expanded female enrollment by severing ties with Radford University, which served as the Women's Division of VPI from 1944 until 1964. He was also an advocate of the Virginia Community College System, with Virginia Tech becoming the first college or university to accept community college students without loss of credit. Additionally, the university dropped the mandatory military requirement for male students, created several colleges, and expanded the arts programs. ","Hahn resigned from the university in 1974, becoming the executive vice president of the Georgia Pacific Corporation (GP). In 1976, he was promoted to president and 1983 became chief executive office, which he served as until his retirement in 1993. He led the company's takeover of Great Northern Nekooska, making in the largest paper manufacturer in the U.S. at the time.","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., married Margaret Louise \"Peggy\" Lee in 1948, and the couple had three children. ","Source:","In memoriam: Virginia Tech President Emeritus T. Marshall Hahn Jr. , Virginia Tech News, May 30, 2016.","The guide to the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers was completed in November 2019.","See also the  Records of the Office of the President, T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., 1962-1974, RG 2/11  from his tenure as President of Virginia Tech.","The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.041"],"normalized_title_ssm":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"collection_ssim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Businesspeople"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Businesspeople"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 1 box and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically with undated material at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eT. Marshall Hahn, Jr. (1926-2016) served as the 11th president of Virginia Tech and CEO of the Georgia Pacific Corporation. Hahn earned a B.S. in physics from the University of Kentucky at the age of 18, served two years in the U.S. Navy, and received his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at 23. In 1954, Hahn joined Virginia Tech as the head of the Department of Physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, Hahn became the 11th president of Virginia Polytechnic Insitute (VPI). During his tenure, he was influential in obtaining university status and changing the institution's name to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1970. Hahn expanded female enrollment by severing ties with Radford University, which served as the Women's Division of VPI from 1944 until 1964. He was also an advocate of the Virginia Community College System, with Virginia Tech becoming the first college or university to accept community college students without loss of credit. Additionally, the university dropped the mandatory military requirement for male students, created several colleges, and expanded the arts programs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHahn resigned from the university in 1974, becoming the executive vice president of the Georgia Pacific Corporation (GP). In 1976, he was promoted to president and 1983 became chief executive office, which he served as until his retirement in 1993. He led the company's takeover of Great Northern Nekooska, making in the largest paper manufacturer in the U.S. at the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. Marshall Hahn, Jr., married Margaret Louise \"Peggy\" Lee in 1948, and the couple had three children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://vtnews.vt.edu/articles/2016/05/hahnmemoriam.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIn memoriam: Virginia Tech President Emeritus T. Marshall Hahn Jr.\u003c/a\u003e, Virginia Tech News, May 30, 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["T. Marshall Hahn, Jr. (1926-2016) served as the 11th president of Virginia Tech and CEO of the Georgia Pacific Corporation. Hahn earned a B.S. in physics from the University of Kentucky at the age of 18, served two years in the U.S. Navy, and received his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at 23. In 1954, Hahn joined Virginia Tech as the head of the Department of Physics. ","In 1962, Hahn became the 11th president of Virginia Polytechnic Insitute (VPI). During his tenure, he was influential in obtaining university status and changing the institution's name to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1970. Hahn expanded female enrollment by severing ties with Radford University, which served as the Women's Division of VPI from 1944 until 1964. He was also an advocate of the Virginia Community College System, with Virginia Tech becoming the first college or university to accept community college students without loss of credit. Additionally, the university dropped the mandatory military requirement for male students, created several colleges, and expanded the arts programs. ","Hahn resigned from the university in 1974, becoming the executive vice president of the Georgia Pacific Corporation (GP). In 1976, he was promoted to president and 1983 became chief executive office, which he served as until his retirement in 1993. He led the company's takeover of Great Northern Nekooska, making in the largest paper manufacturer in the U.S. at the time.","T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., married Margaret Louise \"Peggy\" Lee in 1948, and the couple had three children. ","Source:","In memoriam: Virginia Tech President Emeritus T. Marshall Hahn Jr. , Virginia Tech News, May 30, 2016."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers was completed in November 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers was completed in November 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3442.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRecords of the Office of the President, T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., 1962-1974, RG 2/11\u003c/a\u003e from his tenure as President of Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the  Records of the Office of the President, T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., 1962-1974, RG 2/11  from his tenure as President of Virginia Tech."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_114b3d000b21f0c2fda77a11e705645d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The T. Marshall Hahn, Jr., Papers, Ms2019-041, document the business career of Hahn after leaving Virginia Tech. Items include a 1994 invirtation and guestbook for his retirement dinner as CEO of George Pacific Corporation (GP), and an undated watercolor portrait of Hahn, several other people, and the activities of GP. There is a 1997 resolution of appreciation for Hahn from Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., for which he was a board member. The collection also contains a program for his memorial service in 2016 and the remarks made at the service by Timothy Sands, president of Virginia Tech at the time."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016"],"persname_ssim":["Hahn, T. Marshall, Jr. (Thomas Marshall), 1926-2016"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:21.060Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3442"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club (1965-)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collections consists of records and scrapbooks from the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2048.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.014"],"text":["Ms.1997.014","Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records","Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged to two series: Series I: Records and Papers, 1965-2008 and Series II: Scrapbooks, 1966-2008. Series I: Records and Papers includes agendas, copies of cookbooks compiled by the group, correspondence, administrative records, membership information, meeting minutes, newsletters, and paper relating to programs, scholarships, and community activities. This series is arranged alphabetically by type of record.","Series II: Scrapbooks contains organization-created scrapbooks featuring photographs, newsclippings, programs, and materials relating to events. Each scrapbook is labeled with the year(s) covered. This series is arranged in chronological order. ","Founded in 1965, the VPI Faculty Women's Club is a social group to promote fellowship among women associated with Virginia Tech. The club strives to expand the intellectual and social horizons of its membership through enlargement of friendships, engagement in adult educational activities, scholarships, and promoting the interests of Virginia Tech. The club became the Virginia Tech Women's Club (VTWC) in 2017 to reflect all those affiliated with the club.","The guide to the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Some processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records has been completed incrementally as materials were added to the collection. The most recent processing, arrangement, and description, including the creation of a finding aid, was completed in April 2013.","The Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records include correspondence, financial records, officers' job descriptions, newsletters, information about scholarships, cookbook sales, nursery operations, as well as annual scrapbooks of activities illustrated with photographs and newspaper clippings. Current holdings of records and papers date from the organization's beginnings in 1965 through 2008. The scrapbooks cover events from 1966 to 2008.","Yearbooks for the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records were separated to the Rare Book Collection (call number: HQ1905 V5 V5 SPEC).","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . 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The club became the Virginia Tech Women's Club (VTWC) in 2017 to reflect all those affiliated with the club."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records, Ms1997-014, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records, Ms1997-014, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records has been completed incrementally as materials were added to the collection. 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The scrapbooks cover events from 1966 to 2008."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYearbooks for the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records were separated to the Rare Book Collection (call number: HQ1905 V5 V5 SPEC).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Yearbooks for the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records were separated to the Rare Book Collection (call number: HQ1905 V5 V5 SPEC)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_97d5f296028f09aaed8e1e284d9c6234\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collections consists of records and scrapbooks from the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collections consists of records and scrapbooks from the Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club (1965-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club (1965-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club (1965-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:40:08.647Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2048","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2048.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.014"],"text":["Ms.1997.014","Virginia Tech Faculty Women's Club Records","Faculty and staff","University Archives","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged to two series: Series I: Records and Papers, 1965-2008 and Series II: Scrapbooks, 1966-2008. 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