{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Dakota+language\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Dakota+language\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1516","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1516#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a small (14 x 22 cm) typescript book titled Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism circa 1920. 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MSS 16778. It is not known who translated this document. Earlier Christian documents were translated by certain missionaries who were trying to use the Dakota language to convert indigenous people, into Christianity by identifying similar religious concepts. They soon learned that the Dakota beliefs would not translate to English and Christianity. Instead, these translations have helped to preserve the Dakota language. ","Dakota people have tribal lands that cover areas from present day Minnesota, to South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, and into Canada. They form the Oceti Ŝakowiŋ (the Seven Council Fires which are divisions of the Sioux). Unfortunately, most missionaries and boarding schools shamed the Dakota people to stop speaking their language, to the extent of trying to erase their culture and almost making the Dakota language extinct. These translations give us an opportunity to explore the Dakota and celebrate their culture. ","Early missionaries, interpreters, and linguists, Gideon Pond (1810-1878) (Matohota-grizzly bear), his brother, Samuel Pond (1808-1891), (Wanmdiduta- the red eagle), Dr. Thomas S. Williamson (1800-1879), Stephen Return Riggs (1812-1883), Joseph Renville (1779-1846-a son of a Dakota woman), and Samuel Dutton Himnan (1839-1890), lived with the Dakota people and studied their oral language (1). In 1834, the missionaries began recording and deciphering words phonetically and created an alphabet. (2) Dr Williamson, his sister Jane, and his associates printed the Holy Bible in Dakota, called Dakota Wowapi Wakan. ","After a few years they produced several reading books, a catechism, a monthly Dakota newspaper, the Book of Genesis, the Gospel of Mark, and by 1865, the New Testament. Their Christian work included studying the Dakota language to identify the meanings of God, religion, and power. The linguists found that these words might seem to have the same meaning on a superficial level, but on closer study, it became clear that the meanings of these words in Dakota were more complex and had different meanings (1).  ","This collection contains a small (14 x 22 cm) typescript book titled Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism circa 1920. The book is constructed in two parts: part one titled Woonspekiye Wakan gusina, The Small Catechism, consisting of about seventy-three pages, and part two, Waceghiya-Prayers, consisting of about forty-three pages. ","The book is primarily written in the Dakota language with occasional titles in English. This catechism or summary of doctrine, of the Roman Catholic Church in the Dakota language was created by an unknown translator around 1920. Dakota is a Siouan language that is considered critically endangered. The book is bound with pale gray boards quarter bound with orange cloth and a yellow title label is pasted on the cover. 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These translations give us an opportunity to explore the Dakota and celebrate their culture. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEarly missionaries, interpreters, and linguists, Gideon Pond (1810-1878) (Matohota-grizzly bear), his brother, Samuel Pond (1808-1891), (Wanmdiduta- the red eagle), Dr. Thomas S. Williamson (1800-1879), Stephen Return Riggs (1812-1883), Joseph Renville (1779-1846-a son of a Dakota woman), and Samuel Dutton Himnan (1839-1890), lived with the Dakota people and studied their oral language (1). In 1834, the missionaries began recording and deciphering words phonetically and created an alphabet. (2) Dr Williamson, his sister Jane, and his associates printed the Holy Bible in Dakota, called Dakota Wowapi Wakan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter a few years they produced several reading books, a catechism, a monthly Dakota newspaper, the Book of Genesis, the Gospel of Mark, and by 1865, the New Testament. Their Christian work included studying the Dakota language to identify the meanings of God, religion, and power. The linguists found that these words might seem to have the same meaning on a superficial level, but on closer study, it became clear that the meanings of these words in Dakota were more complex and had different meanings (1).  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roman Catholic Catechism, translated in the Dakota language around 1920. MSS 16778. It is not known who translated this document. Earlier Christian documents were translated by certain missionaries who were trying to use the Dakota language to convert indigenous people, into Christianity by identifying similar religious concepts. They soon learned that the Dakota beliefs would not translate to English and Christianity. Instead, these translations have helped to preserve the Dakota language. ","Dakota people have tribal lands that cover areas from present day Minnesota, to South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, and into Canada. They form the Oceti Ŝakowiŋ (the Seven Council Fires which are divisions of the Sioux). Unfortunately, most missionaries and boarding schools shamed the Dakota people to stop speaking their language, to the extent of trying to erase their culture and almost making the Dakota language extinct. These translations give us an opportunity to explore the Dakota and celebrate their culture. ","Early missionaries, interpreters, and linguists, Gideon Pond (1810-1878) (Matohota-grizzly bear), his brother, Samuel Pond (1808-1891), (Wanmdiduta- the red eagle), Dr. Thomas S. Williamson (1800-1879), Stephen Return Riggs (1812-1883), Joseph Renville (1779-1846-a son of a Dakota woman), and Samuel Dutton Himnan (1839-1890), lived with the Dakota people and studied their oral language (1). In 1834, the missionaries began recording and deciphering words phonetically and created an alphabet. (2) Dr Williamson, his sister Jane, and his associates printed the Holy Bible in Dakota, called Dakota Wowapi Wakan. ","After a few years they produced several reading books, a catechism, a monthly Dakota newspaper, the Book of Genesis, the Gospel of Mark, and by 1865, the New Testament. Their Christian work included studying the Dakota language to identify the meanings of God, religion, and power. The linguists found that these words might seem to have the same meaning on a superficial level, but on closer study, it became clear that the meanings of these words in Dakota were more complex and had different meanings (1).  "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16778, Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16778, Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a small (14 x 22 cm) typescript book titled Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism circa 1920. The book is constructed in two parts: part one titled Woonspekiye Wakan gusina, The Small Catechism, consisting of about seventy-three pages, and part two, Waceghiya-Prayers, consisting of about forty-three pages. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe book is primarily written in the Dakota language with occasional titles in English. This catechism or summary of doctrine, of the Roman Catholic Church in the Dakota language was created by an unknown translator around 1920. 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The book is bound with pale gray boards quarter bound with orange cloth and a yellow title label is pasted on the cover. "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["Dakota"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:54:43.019Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1516","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1516","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1516","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1516","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1516.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/189279","title_filing_ssi":"Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism","title_ssm":["Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism"],"title_tesim":["Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1920"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c.1920"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16778","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1516"],"text":["MSS 16778","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1516","Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism","Dakota language","Catholic Church -- Catechisms","Siouan languages","The collection is open for research use.","Roman Catholic Catechism, translated in the Dakota language around 1920. MSS 16778. It is not known who translated this document. Earlier Christian documents were translated by certain missionaries who were trying to use the Dakota language to convert indigenous people, into Christianity by identifying similar religious concepts. They soon learned that the Dakota beliefs would not translate to English and Christianity. Instead, these translations have helped to preserve the Dakota language. ","Dakota people have tribal lands that cover areas from present day Minnesota, to South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, and into Canada. They form the Oceti Ŝakowiŋ (the Seven Council Fires which are divisions of the Sioux). Unfortunately, most missionaries and boarding schools shamed the Dakota people to stop speaking their language, to the extent of trying to erase their culture and almost making the Dakota language extinct. These translations give us an opportunity to explore the Dakota and celebrate their culture. ","Early missionaries, interpreters, and linguists, Gideon Pond (1810-1878) (Matohota-grizzly bear), his brother, Samuel Pond (1808-1891), (Wanmdiduta- the red eagle), Dr. Thomas S. Williamson (1800-1879), Stephen Return Riggs (1812-1883), Joseph Renville (1779-1846-a son of a Dakota woman), and Samuel Dutton Himnan (1839-1890), lived with the Dakota people and studied their oral language (1). In 1834, the missionaries began recording and deciphering words phonetically and created an alphabet. (2) Dr Williamson, his sister Jane, and his associates printed the Holy Bible in Dakota, called Dakota Wowapi Wakan. ","After a few years they produced several reading books, a catechism, a monthly Dakota newspaper, the Book of Genesis, the Gospel of Mark, and by 1865, the New Testament. Their Christian work included studying the Dakota language to identify the meanings of God, religion, and power. The linguists found that these words might seem to have the same meaning on a superficial level, but on closer study, it became clear that the meanings of these words in Dakota were more complex and had different meanings (1).  ","This collection contains a small (14 x 22 cm) typescript book titled Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism circa 1920. The book is constructed in two parts: part one titled Woonspekiye Wakan gusina, The Small Catechism, consisting of about seventy-three pages, and part two, Waceghiya-Prayers, consisting of about forty-three pages. ","The book is primarily written in the Dakota language with occasional titles in English. This catechism or summary of doctrine, of the Roman Catholic Church in the Dakota language was created by an unknown translator around 1920. Dakota is a Siouan language that is considered critically endangered. The book is bound with pale gray boards quarter bound with orange cloth and a yellow title label is pasted on the cover. ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Dakota"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16778","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1516"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism"],"collection_ssim":["Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Back of Beyond Books by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 23 March 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dakota language","Catholic Church -- Catechisms","Siouan languages"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dakota language","Catholic Church -- Catechisms","Siouan languages"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter-size folder"],"extent_tesim":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter-size folder"],"date_range_isim":[1920],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoman Catholic Catechism, translated in the Dakota language around 1920. 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Their Christian work included studying the Dakota language to identify the meanings of God, religion, and power. The linguists found that these words might seem to have the same meaning on a superficial level, but on closer study, it became clear that the meanings of these words in Dakota were more complex and had different meanings (1).  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roman Catholic Catechism, translated in the Dakota language around 1920. MSS 16778. It is not known who translated this document. Earlier Christian documents were translated by certain missionaries who were trying to use the Dakota language to convert indigenous people, into Christianity by identifying similar religious concepts. They soon learned that the Dakota beliefs would not translate to English and Christianity. Instead, these translations have helped to preserve the Dakota language. ","Dakota people have tribal lands that cover areas from present day Minnesota, to South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, and into Canada. They form the Oceti Ŝakowiŋ (the Seven Council Fires which are divisions of the Sioux). Unfortunately, most missionaries and boarding schools shamed the Dakota people to stop speaking their language, to the extent of trying to erase their culture and almost making the Dakota language extinct. These translations give us an opportunity to explore the Dakota and celebrate their culture. ","Early missionaries, interpreters, and linguists, Gideon Pond (1810-1878) (Matohota-grizzly bear), his brother, Samuel Pond (1808-1891), (Wanmdiduta- the red eagle), Dr. Thomas S. Williamson (1800-1879), Stephen Return Riggs (1812-1883), Joseph Renville (1779-1846-a son of a Dakota woman), and Samuel Dutton Himnan (1839-1890), lived with the Dakota people and studied their oral language (1). In 1834, the missionaries began recording and deciphering words phonetically and created an alphabet. (2) Dr Williamson, his sister Jane, and his associates printed the Holy Bible in Dakota, called Dakota Wowapi Wakan. ","After a few years they produced several reading books, a catechism, a monthly Dakota newspaper, the Book of Genesis, the Gospel of Mark, and by 1865, the New Testament. Their Christian work included studying the Dakota language to identify the meanings of God, religion, and power. The linguists found that these words might seem to have the same meaning on a superficial level, but on closer study, it became clear that the meanings of these words in Dakota were more complex and had different meanings (1).  "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16778, Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16778, Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a small (14 x 22 cm) typescript book titled Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism circa 1920. The book is constructed in two parts: part one titled Woonspekiye Wakan gusina, The Small Catechism, consisting of about seventy-three pages, and part two, Waceghiya-Prayers, consisting of about forty-three pages. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe book is primarily written in the Dakota language with occasional titles in English. This catechism or summary of doctrine, of the Roman Catholic Church in the Dakota language was created by an unknown translator around 1920. Dakota is a Siouan language that is considered critically endangered. The book is bound with pale gray boards quarter bound with orange cloth and a yellow title label is pasted on the cover. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a small (14 x 22 cm) typescript book titled Dakota Language Roman Catholic Catechism circa 1920. The book is constructed in two parts: part one titled Woonspekiye Wakan gusina, The Small Catechism, consisting of about seventy-three pages, and part two, Waceghiya-Prayers, consisting of about forty-three pages. ","The book is primarily written in the Dakota language with occasional titles in English. This catechism or summary of doctrine, of the Roman Catholic Church in the Dakota language was created by an unknown translator around 1920. Dakota is a Siouan language that is considered critically endangered. The book is bound with pale gray boards quarter bound with orange cloth and a yellow title label is pasted on the cover. "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["Dakota"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:54:43.019Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1516"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8331","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Boardman Reed Vocabulary of Dakota Phrases","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8331#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Reed, William Boardman","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8331#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThree sheets of written vocabulary and phrases of the Dakota Native American language. These were notes taken by Reed while stationed with the Army at Fort Rice in the Dakota Territory. Phrases include \"I am sick\", \"something to eat\", and \"I love you\". There are many phrases which are left blank which may indicate that all of the phrases compiled by Reed were ones in which he desired to learn from the Native American tribes with which he interacted and communicated. There are also sections of his pages that are devoted entirely to conjugations of the verb to be (Yanka) as well as sections that break down pronouns, possessive cases, and plurals of words and phrases. Included with the Dakota phrases is a carte de visite of Reed taken in Philadelphia by Wenderoth, Taylor, and Brown.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8331#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8331","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8331","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8331","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8331","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8331.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Reed, William Boardman Vocabulary of Dakota Phrases","title_ssm":["William Boardman Reed Vocabulary of Dakota Phrases"],"title_tesim":["William Boardman Reed Vocabulary of Dakota Phrases"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01595","/repositories/2/resources/8331"],"text":["SC 01595","/repositories/2/resources/8331","William Boardman Reed Vocabulary of Dakota Phrases","Native American history and society","Fort Rice (N.D.)","Yanktonai Band of Dakota or Sioux Indians","Sioux Valley Dakota Nation","Dakota language","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Three sheets of written vocabulary and phrases of the Dakota Native American language.  These were notes taken by Reed while stationed with the Army at Fort Rice in the Dakota Territory.  Phrases include \"I am sick\", \"something to eat\", and \"I love you\".  There are many phrases which are left blank which may indicate that all of the phrases compiled by Reed were ones in which he desired to learn from the Native American tribes with which he interacted and communicated.  There are also sections of his pages that are devoted entirely to conjugations of the verb to be (Yanka) as well as sections that break down pronouns, possessive cases, and plurals of words and phrases.  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