{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026page=339\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026page=338\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026page=340\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026page=380\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":339,"next_page":340,"prev_page":338,"total_pages":380,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":3380,"total_count":3799,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_viw00230","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Stone-Moore Papers\n1860-1957","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_viw00230#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Stone, Edward L. (Edward Lee) (1864-1938) Moore, L. 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Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington. The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_419.xml","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419","Stonewall Jackson Correspondence","Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington","Correspondence","Armies","Segregation","The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.","This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. 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Letter dated March 11, 1854 and the photocopied letter dated June 7, 1858 are gifts from Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Item"],"extent_tesim":["3 Item"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:20:01.689Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_419.xml","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419","Stonewall Jackson Correspondence","Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington","Correspondence","Armies","Segregation","The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.","This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creator_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creators_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Letter dated March 7, 1863 is a gift from Andrew Lupton, 196-?. Letter dated March 11, 1854 and the photocopied letter dated June 7, 1858 are gifts from Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Item"],"extent_tesim":["3 Item"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:20:01.689Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Stonewall Jackson papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_591.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00008.xml","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1844-1915"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1844-1915"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591"],"text":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591","Stonewall Jackson papers","Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches","The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use.","A significant portion of the Stonewall Jackson papers are available \n online .","Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.","Jackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.","In April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.","Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving (1826-1919). Her first husband was Richard Corbin of Moss Neck Plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Following Richard's death in the Civil War, she married Reverend Ovid Americus Kinsolving.","...Be not discouraged by disappointments \u0026 difficulties but on the contrary let each stimulate you to greater exertions for attaining noble ends \u0026 an approving conscience at least will be your reward. Please write to me soon. My health is as good as usual. During my furlough I was made an officer consequently my duties are lighter than usual. You may rest assured of my ....(section of letter missing)","....what I have formerly... \nfriend \u0026 brother \nThos. Jackson","...difficulty in obtaining them from the post office on account of another cadet's name being Thomas. R. Jackson.","I am at present living in a room by myself my room mate having resigned in consequence of his father's ill health. The weather has been extremely cold \u0026 stormy here for the last few days though at present it is moderating. My studies for the approaching June examination will include Optics Mechanics Astronomy Magnetism \u0026 Chemistry together with drawing. I expect to commence taking exercises in riding in a day or two. At the examination last I rose in each of department of my studies.","A few days since I was called upon to pay the last token of my respect to a friend \u0026 fellow classmate in whom were combined both shining talents \u0026 the characteristics of a gentleman. His death was much lamented by his class mates who a few days subsequent to his death assembled \u0026 appointed a committee to attend to the erection of a monument to his memory. My health is at present as good as usual \u0026 I remain your well wishing brother \nT.J. Jackson","U.S.M.A. Aug 2nd 1845 \nDear Sister \nActuated by a sense of duty I proceed to writing you a few lines hoping that they may find you enjoying the blessings of health and prosperity generally which I have some reason to expect.","You may infer that I am well and enjoying myself very well considering that I am deprived of the blessings of a home the society of the friends of my child-hood the cordial welcome of relatives and above all the presence of an only sister. Times are now far different from what they once were. Once I was in my native state at my adopted home none to give there mandates none for me to obey but as I chose surrounded by my playmates and natives all apparently eager to promote my happiness. But those were the days of my youth they have fled never again to return. They have been succeeded by days of quite a different aspect they have brought forth manhood with all its cares.","I have before me two courses either of which I may chose in case that I am blessed with health and long life they are widely different in their natures and consequences. The first I may say would be to follow the profession of arms the second that of a civil pursuit as law. If I should adopt the first I could live independently \u0026 surrounded by friends whom I have all ready made have no fear of want, my pay would be be fixed. The principal thing I would have to attend to would be futurity. If I adopt the latter I presume that I would still find plenty of friends but my exertions would have to be great in order to acquire a name. This course is most congenial to my taste and consequently I expect to adopt it after spending a few years in pursuing the former.","I have forgotten the contents of my former letter consequently I will mention my standing as it exists at present . In Drawing it is 59th, in Chemistry 25th, in general standing 20th, in Philosophy 11th, in conduct 1st. There are 60 members in my class at present nineteen above me and forty below me.","I propose on coming to see my friends and yourself in July next.","A member of the Corps was drowned a few days since his body was recovered about 5 days subsequent to the fatal stroke and interred with the honors of war. I had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He was a youth of promise stood high in his class and bid fair for long life. The news must have inflicted a sore wound on the hearts of his parents for he certainly was a favorite child. The corps is at present in mourning for him.There have been a number of distinguished men on the point for some time back among whom was Major General Scott. Many visitors favour us with calls among them are a number of ladies but they are not so fair as the daughters of western Virginia.","Write to me frequently as your brother \nT.J. Jackson","West Point U.S.M.A. Nov. 25th 1845 \nDear Sister \nIt has been but a few moments since I had the pleasure of receiving your affectionate \u0026 sister like letter with it came the blended feelings of satisfaction sorrow and remorse. Satisfaction to think that I still have an existence in the heart of an amiable and admired sister. Sorrow because of your delicate health. Remorse for the misfortunes of an uncle who has been to me a true friend.","As to your health it is my sincere wish that you may again recover it and of which I continue to live in hopes. My constitution as well as your own has received a severe shock but I believe is gradually recovering from its debilitated state. My exercises this year with the broad sword as well as the small are well calculated to strengthen the chest \u0026 expand the muscles so that I have some reason to believe that they will have the desired effects of restoring me to perfect health. And I hope that the same kind providence which has preserved us as the remnant of a family up to the present period will again favor us with an interview although in its wisdom it has marked out for us (at least for a period) widely different spheres of action and different places of abode. But I look forward with no small degree of satisfaction to the period when my circumstances will allow me to settle down near you \u0026 among my relatives in order to share with yourselves the ineffable pleasures of domestic circles. For your kind advice, and well wishes, you have my hearty thanks.","Since my last letter I have been transferred to the first section in Ethics \u0026 I think that I have probably a mark in it which will place me among the first five in my class in this science \u0026 which I consider as preferable to any other in the course.","There is a young gentleman here by the name of Withers who is from the south he has told me that his father was formerly of Virginia \u0026 that he has relatives still living there \u0026 that one of them who is a doctor visited his father two or three years since.This youth is an associate of mine \u0026 I would be glad to know whether or no he is a relative of mine which I could do probably if I knew the given name of doctor Withers of Fauquier who I know visited the south sometime previous to my coming here. If you recollect the time of his passing through Weston as well as his name I would be glad if you would insert them in your next provided it will be convenient to you though I do not wish you to put yourself to the least trouble on that account as I can obtain them otherwise.","It is probable that you think hard of me because of my not writing more frequent. But I hope that the strict requirements of many duties as well as want of information \u0026 [_____] will prove a partial if not a complete excuse. Give my respects to Mr. Arnold \u0026 rest assured of my immutable attachment.","...is a little excitement owing to the proximity of Furlough \u0026 graduation.","I have been expecting a letter from you in answer to my last but not knowing what might have occurred I have deemed it best to attempt another hoping that it will meet with better success than the former. [Futile?] may be the effort and feeble it must be [missing word or words] -ation that I but seldom turn my atten[tion] [missing word or words] elegance of [missing]. I hope that you will [missing] it to pass unnoticed. Thought it be divested of ev[ery] artificial merit yet it [be possessed of] a natural....","Rumor appears to indicated a rupture between our government \u0026 that of the Mexican. If such should be the case the probability is that I will be ordered to join the army of occupation immediately \u0026 if so I will hardly see home until after my return \u0026 the next letter that you will receive from me may be dated Texas or Mexico. But be the decre[e?] [missing] all knowing God as they may I hope that [missing] [s]hall ever continue to love you with a [missing]..... \nT. J. Jackson","On Board the James L. Day \nSeptember 22d 1846","Dear Uncle \nI have often thought of writing to you but have deferred it until the present which is the latest news which I will be able of give you previous to leaving the United States. I found after arriving at Fort Columbus that Capt Taylor had left that post from that place. I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where he had taken up his quarters. Leaving there about ten days afterward, I traveled by land about 410 miles to Pittsburgh at which place I embarked on board the steam boat Suatara which conveyed me to Cincinnati. From that city I came to New Orleans on board the steamer Hendrik Hudson. I have just left New Orleans Barracks and am now being transported to Point Isabell which I expect to reach in about 2 or 3 days. I am at present with Captain Taylor (who is a Virginian and a very fine man) 27 men and 84 horses. The principal part of the company is in Mexico at present. I belong to a company of light Artillery which is frequently called flying artillery. In an action if all the officers of the company should be well I will have to carry dispatches being unfortunately too low to have a command. It is possible that before this time General Taylor has had another battle. If he has not already had one it is thought by men of experience that he will have before entering Monterey.","I sent uncle a few days since tell him if it is not there it to Clarksburg and tell (the merchant) that I wish him to give for it. It will be more to him than. (Note: the sentence contains several words that have been blacked out with ink, thus making the full meaning difficult to determine)","The weather here is more pleasant than it was in the north before I left there. The city of New Orleans is very healthy and there is no yellow fever in it at present. I am enjoying comparatively good health at present and I do not believe that I have the liver complaint but am under the impression that the disease is neuralgic.","Give my respects to my friends including your family of course and write to me as soon as you [can] ascertain where to direct your letter.","T. J. Jackson \nP.S. I have arrived in sight of Point Isabel Texas and am now at anchor in a strong gale. The news came aboard yesterday that General Taylor would be ready for a battle on yesterday. The intelligence was by letter from Col. Whiting. I expect soon to start up the Rio Grande by steam for the purpose of joining the main body of the army as soon as possible.","TJJ","Point Isabel Texas \nSept 25th/46","Dear Sister: \nI arrived in this port last evening and purposed on writing to you before closing my eyes in sleep but I was prevented from executing my purpose by the impossibility of procuring an idle pen. I have availed myself of this opportunity of writing in particular as it may be the last favorable one for days to come as in this country letters are generally transmitted from one person to another through the kindness of a third person or the quartermasters. How I shall be able to get this to New Orleans I can not say but it must be through one of these channels. There are at present about one hundred vessels in port, some of which I presume will soon sail for New Orleans.","It is useless for me to attempt to give a detailed account or narrative of occurrences since I last parted with you but suffice it to say that I arrived home on the following Monday and on the succeeding Wednesday received orders to report without delay to Capt. Francis Taylor and the following day in compliance with my orders bid farewell to my uncle's family and proceeded to Fort Columbus but on arriving there ascertained that he had left. On receiving this information I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where I found him. From that post in connection with Capt. Taylor thirty men and forty horses I took up march for this place. After traveling upwards of 400 miles by land we reached Pittsburgh where we took water and have finally arrived here after a March of about 36 days.","Whilst I was in Clarksburg I learned that Mr. McWilliams was still in your house and unable to pay rent for it and I was advised to consult Burtin Despard. He told me that the house could be cleared of its occupants in a short time but that it might cost about fifteen dollars to effect it and if Mr. Arnold should desire him that he would attend to it. And if I had to employ any one he should have the preference in as much as he would in my opinion effect it in a shorter time than any other attorney in Clarksburg. The lot which you were speaking of purchasing he told me that in his opinion you could not get a good title for it if you should purchase it because it is already covered by three deeds of trust. Any further information upon the subject can be obtained by applying to Mr. Despard.","I have not yet landed but an officer of the Quartermasters Department has been aboard and stated that General Taylor had observed that he would be ready for another battle by yesterday. This news came by letter from Col. Whiting. Whether the Battle came off or not I can not say.","I belong to K company 1st Artillery which to use the common phrase is a flying company of Artillery. I could say much more but I am writing in a strong gale of wind and where things are all confusion. I am in hopes of starting up the Rio Grande tomorrow and on reaching General Taylor as soon as possible. I wish you to write to me soon directing your letter to Lieut T.J. Jackson, Comp K, 1st Artillery, Army of Occupation Mexico. It may reach me but not with certainty. My health is better than it has been for some time. Give my respects to the good people of Beverly they still occupy a high place in my esteem especially your amiable husband whose kindness as well as yours has been indelibly written on my heart and memory.","T.J. Jackson","Dear Sister \nI now send you the long delayed letter and hope that you will pardon my procrastination since I last wrote to you. I have been at Matamoras Camargo Monterey and Saltillo and the intermediate towns. At present I can not conveniently give you a general idea of the portions of Mexico which have fallen under my observation but hope to do so at some future day when things are more settled than at present and I also purpose on writing to you more frequently.","It would have [afforded] me much pleasure to have been with the gallant and victorious General Taylor at the battle of Buena Vista in which he has acquired laurels as imperishable as he history which shall record the invasion of Mexico by our victorious armies. But I was ordered away from Saltillo in January last and I believe for the best inasmuch as I am now with the most important portion of the army and on the most important line of operations.","I am now encamped on the road leading from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico. Our troops landed about two miles from the former city on the ninth inst and on the same night were fired on by the Mexicans. On the following day we commenced surrounding the city and operating against it. The operations after the [investment] was completed consisted principally in bombarding and cannonading which were continued until not only the city but the castle of San Juan Dulloa agreed to surrender. The capitulation occurred yesterday. The terms are that all the public property falls into our hands, the troops march out under the condition of not serving against us during the present war unless exchanged. The troops marched out yesterday and surrendered their arms and we took possession immediately. This capitulation has thrown into our hands the strong hold of this republic and being a regular [siege] in connection with other circumstances must in my opinion excel any military operations known in the history of our country. I approve of all except allowing the enemy to retire that I can not approve of in as much as we had them secure and could have taken them prisoners of war unconditionally.","Our loss is not accurately known nor that of the enemy either yet but in my estimation ours can not exceed twenty men in killed, we lost only two captains (Capt Vinton of the artillery and Capt Alburtis of the infantry). I have been in the city and was much surprised at its strength. It is surrounded on the land side by a wall about 10 feet high and a series of forts and on the other side is protected by the castle.","You asked me whether I belonged to General Worth's division. I had the honor of being in it so long as it existed but it has been broken up during the past siege. I was part of the time with him and part of the time with General Twigs. Whilst I was at the advanced batteries a cannon ball came in about five steps of me. I presume that you think my name ought to appear in the papers but when you come to consider the composition of our army you will entertain different views. Its composition is such that those who have independent commands only are as a general rule spoken of for instance Ridgely May [Bra--] Duncan Ringold Smith all commanded companies. If an officer wishes to distinguish himself he must remain long in service until he obtains rank then he obtains the praise not only for his efforts but for the efforts of the officers and men under him. That portion of praise which may be due to me must of course go to those above me or be included in the praise given to the army.","My health is extremely good. I probably look better than I have for years. I expect to remain in Mexico for the remainder of the war and expect to move forward with the leading Brigade. I expect to be promoted in a short time to a second lieutenancy. This will probably occasion me to leave the light battery but it will give me more rank which is of the greatest importance in the army.","Remember me in the warmest terms to Mr. Arnold and all my other friends. I rejoice at your prosperity and hope and doubt not that it will continue. I hope soon to march forward towards the city of Mexico. Vera Cruz continues healthy. I intend writing soon and more frequently as my feelings incline me to and as a brother ought. Your last letters coming in such quick succession served as a just rebuke but my means for writing are poor. Even now I am using a box for a chair and my camp bedstead as a writing desk and think myself comfortably situated. You have all the conveniences necessary and I hope that you will use them to write often to one who esteems you above all.","Camp near Vera Cruz Mexico \nMarch 30th 1847","Sir: \nHaving in compliance with written instructions from Capt Francis Taylor 1st Arty performed the duties of QrMaster from the 14th of August 1846 to include the 22d of the same month and from the 16th of Oct to include the 28th of November of the same year. The above duty was performed whilst on march from Fort Hamilton NY to Monterey Mexico and I have the honor to request that I may be allowed the usual compensation for the same. \nVery respectfully","Your Obt Servt \nT. J. Jackson \nLt 1st Arty","Jalapa Mexico \nApril 22d 1847","Dear Sister \nI promised in my last that I would give you a more detailed account of Mexico in a subsequent letter. I will now endeavor to comply with that promise. In doing so I will first state in general terms that the portion of Northern Mexico which has fallen under my observation is mostly a vast barren waste cities excepted. There are but two seasons in Mexico wet \u0026 dry. In consequence of the drought there is but little vegetation in the north. A person in traveling through this sterile portion of country would not suppose that the country inhabitants were able to pay their taxes. But in the cities it is different. There wealth is frequently found one person residing in Saltillo is said to own a larger area of land than the state of New York.","But passing to the south the aspect of things change. You frequently {see} elegant buildings in the country. Genl Santa Anna owns between this place \u0026 Vera Cruz 5 beautiful houses and a tract of land about fifty five miles in length. The country in the south is very similar to our own. Whilst I was in Monterey my quarters were in the outskirts of the city having a large back lot attached which contained beautiful orange orchard. Also in this lot was a fine bathing establishment the dimensions being about 25 by 30 ft. Monterey is the most beautiful city which I have seen in the North of this distracted country.","About 50 miles farther west is Saltillo the capital of Coahuila. Its [height] is about 2000 feet above the level of Monterey on an inclined plane at the edge of the table lands. The houses are generally built of sun dried brick as are most of the houses in that region. The church is the most highly ornamented on the interior of any edifice which has ever come under my observation. On entering this magnificent structure we are struck with the gaudy appearance on every side but most especially the opposite end which appears to be gilded with gold. At the bottom is a magnificent silver altar and on each side are statues which can not fail to attract the attention of the astonished beholder. The music is of the highest character. The priests are robed in the most gaudy of apparel. The inhabitants take off their hats on approaching the church and do not replace them until past it. One day whilst I was near the building I observed a señora (lady) gradually approaching the door on another occasion I saw a female looking at a statue and weeping like a child. Such is the superstition of this race.","After obtaining a [limited] transportation for General Twigg's division it set forward for Jalapa on the road leading to the city of Mexico. But on arriving near Cerro Gordo we learned that General Santa Anna held the pass in force consequently we waited for reinforcements which finally arrived and on the 17nst we attacked the Mexicans but did not succeed in routing them completely until the 18th when we took some thousand prisoners and completely routed the remainder. We followed close on the retreating column until night and came near enough to give the retreating enemy a few shots from the battery. But they succeeded in effecting their escape for want of our dragoons. General Scott after disarming the prisoners allowed them to retire the officers on [parole]. But General La Vega who is again our prisoner refused to except of his and I presume that he will be sent back to the U.S. Our loss has been considerable but not known neither is the Mexican. General Santa Anna escaped but in his haste left us his carriage \u0026 together with some thousand dollars in specie.","General Twiggs' division has fought the battle. General Worth has again got a division but he did not get it into action owing to its being used as a reserve and General Twiggs' as the advance. Capt Taylor in his report to General Twiggs has spoken of me in very flattering terms. I am now in Jalapa which is situated about 60 miles from Vera Cruz and 195 from the city of Mexico. General Worth is now in advance and if there is any fighting at Perote he will be apt to distinguish himself. He will probably be in the vicinity of Perote tomorrow at farthest and possibly today. It is rumored here that the Mexicans are fortifying their capital if so then we may have the grand battle there. A Mexican officer came here last evening from the city of Mexico and stated that his father had written to him from San [Louis] stating that General Taylor was there \u0026 had met with no opposition.","I can say no more as I have just learned that the escort by which I wish to send this has started because I must mount my horse \u0026 over take it or miss a good opportunity. I am in better health than usual.","Jalapa, May 25th, 1847","Lovely Sister \nI have the mortification of being left to garrison the town of Jalapa. Capt Taylor used his influence to keep me with him in which event I should have gone forward. But [Col. Childs] who was made military governor of this place got General Scott to issue an order requiring me to join my company which was under the command of the governor. Not withstanding my present situation I have some hope of getting forward by-and-by when more troops get in from the states. But all this is with General Scott. I throw myself into the hands of an all wise God and hope that it may yet be for the better. It may have been one of [His] means of diminishing my excessive ambition and after having accomplished his purpose whatever it may be he then in his infinite wisdom may gratify my desire.","The army was to move at the time which I mentioned but General Scott concluded to disband the volunteers as their time had nearly expired and this so much diminished our force that we delayed the advance until a couple of days since. General Scott left on Sunday with an escort following in the wake of his troops. General Worth has been in Puebla for about 10 days. Santa Anna marched from Orezaba and commenced fortifying about half way between the cities of Puebla and Mexico but owing to some [cause] he relinquished it and marched into the capital left the army and is now in the presidential chair. As to his motives I cannot say anything further. But I suppose that he thinks that his influence will be more powerful there than elsewhere. The people here think him an infamous man. An election was held on the 15th for president and Herera was the successful candidate but will not take his seat for a few months yet.","I am in fine quarters and making rapid progress in the Spanish language and have an idea of making some female acquaintances shortly. I see many things here of interest by the way of ornament and fruits and wish that I only had an opportunity of sending some to you and Thomas. I well know that he would like to have a ranchero (Mexican) on horse back followed by some large dogs. I would be much pleased to hear from Wirt poor fellow?","Give my respects to your estimable husband. I want to hear whether the reports about Uncles Cummins \u0026 Edward are true. I think of you often and my heart more than once upbraided me for my neglect to you. But I feared to inform you of things as they were in this unholy land. Your Brother always.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico \nFeby 28th 1848","Dearest Sister \nThe mail came on the 26th and in vain I searched the post office thrice for a line from you and consequently sorrowfully commenced my letter to you but on leaving my desk for a few hours on business was agreeably surprised on my return to find your letter mysteriously placed on my table. And now whilst I recommence with joy inexpressible for tongue or pen at hearing of your life still being prolonged I am also most deeply affected with heartfelt sorrow at the words which say \"I may not live to receive your answer.\" But I hope that these words imply nothing beyond what they literally state. To God this is the earnest prayer of your brother. But if he in his great wisdom has afflicted you with disease incurable then may he in his infinite goodness receive you into his heavenly abode where though I should be deprived of you here in this world of care yet I should hope to meet with you in a land where care and sorrow are unknown there with a mother a brother a sister yourself and I hope a father to live in a state of felicity uncontaminated by mortality.","Let not this letter trouble you dearest sister for I could not write one of a different cast with a clear conscience when you speak to me so ominously. But do not be [deterred] by any cause from saying to me plainly that I am sick or that I am well for ambiguity in relation to you is very painful to me.","You appear to think hard of my not writing more frequently but I have not only written by every mail but on one occasion sent by a Spanish friend in [five]. I have embraced every opportunity to say to you that I am in such or such a state of health. But for the future the intention is to send the mail by escorts twice a month on the first and fifteenth so that you may expect to hear from me by every mail until I am ordered from this city which may and which may not be at all as I am in General Smith's brigade and he is governor of the city. I am first Lieutenant and belong to Capt. Taylor's Battery. I hope the war may soon terminate but do not entertain much hope although the terms of a treaty have been sent to Washington and at present an armistice is being made or has been concluded but as yet is not public. Santa Anna has asked of his government a passport for the purpose of leaving the country and it was granted to him on the 13th inst. But it is doubtful whether he will go as several of the states have expressed themselves favorably to him and [------------] has offered him an asylum.","If we both live I expect to see you. Do not allow my words about marrying in Mexico to disturb you. I have sometimes thought of staying here and again of going home. I have no tie in this country equal to you. You speak of my fine horse as in your opinion being rather extravagant but if an officer wishes to appear best he should appear well in everything. I bought the horse having plenty of money and need of [ ] and have since been offered three hundred and fifty dollars for him, that is a hundred and seventy more than I gave and can at any time get more than I gave. My pay whilst with Capt. Magruder was one hundred and four dollars per month and I expect it will soon be the same here but at present it is only about ninety so that I have plenty of money and am in the long run economical although it would not appear to you so as here everything is dear and with you cheap. I dress as a gentleman should who wishes to be received as such. I do not gamble nor spend my money as I think foolishly.","I am very desirous of peace as it may be better for the United States \u0026 it may give me an opportunity of again entering your hospitable house \u0026 having that sight most delightful of all other earthly ones that is of my sister. My health I think is improving in this country and at all events my knowledge of Spanish is. As I shall have a better idea when the mail will start hereafter I shall try and send you more interesting letters. Remember me to Mr. Arnold \u0026 friends in the warmest terms. Your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. March 23, 1848.","Dear Sister \nI have written a letter to Mr. Arnold and requested to be remembered to you in it but since finishing it I have concluded to send you one also. I received your letter of January 14th but the paper from Mr. Arnold did not come to hand but still I am as much obliged to him as though it had and trust that he will send others as they may have better success.","I thought at one time of writing a journal but I can not find the time as although I am usually up at six o'clock and retire to bed at ten and eleven still the day is not long enough. The morning hours I occupy in studies \u0026 business and the evening in a similar manner but generally taking a walk after dinner and sometimes a ride on the Passeo or elsewhere in the evening. The Passeo is a wide road on the south west of the city and about a half of a mile in length with a beautiful fountain in the center and is a place of fashionable resort. Families of wealth appear there in the carriages at sunset partly if not entirely for show. There is also a place of morning resort between the city and the Passeo called the Almeda which is a beautiful grove of about four hundred by six hundred yards and containing I think eight fountains. At the central one is celebrated the anniversary of Mexican independence and from this which is the largest beautiful walks diverge to the different outlets (the grove being surrounded by a wall). I purpose on riding to both these places this evening hoping to see something there more attractive than at home. When not on duty I generally pay a visit after supper or tea. Among those families which I visit are some of the first in the republic as Don Lucas Aleman Martinez del Rio and I also have the acquaintance of others of some distinction.","My studies are now principally directed to the formation of my manners and the rules of society and a more thorough knowledge of human nature and the latter I perceive from your letter meets with your approbation and I doubt not but that the former two objects will also as they are very important to a man's success in life. You will pardon me for the mistake I have made in turning the leaves of this sheet. But returning to my subject this country offers me greater advantages for acquiring graces than I will probably ever meet with again unless I should visit Europe. The book which I am studying is Lord Chesterfield's letters to his son translated into Spanish so that whilst I am obtaining his thoughts I am also acquiring a knowledge of the Spanish tongue. I have also purchased the work in English and after having read it in Spanish I then purpose on reading it in English. Subsequent to this I shall study Shakespeare's works which I purchased a few days since and then if I can obtain good histories I wish to devote some time to them.","If Uncle Cummins \u0026 Edward should leave Lewis I wish you would get Uncle Edward to box up my books which are in his possession and send them to you. I hope that you will try and write me a letter once a week. I should write more frequently to you if an opportunity offered of sending letters more than twice a month. Owing to my knowledge of the language of the country and the acquaintances which I have made I think that I pass my time more agreeably than the greater portion of the officers of the Army, but if your company could also be had I would spend my hours still more agreeably. My love to all enquiring friends. My health is as good if not better than usual. General Scott's case has been investigated. The charges against Col. Duncan were withdrawn. Also General Worth withdrew his against General Scott. General Pillow's case is now being investigated.","National Palace Mexico. April 10, 1848","Dear Sister \nAs three successive mails have arrived, without bringing a single letter from you, I am (and I think not without reason) uneasy about your health. As I do not know of any other reason but bad health which could have prevented your writing to a brother who is interested in everything that interests you. And I hope that if you have any regard for my peace of mind that you will write at least once every fortnight. If your health forbids your writing at any time, then get someone to write for you, if it should be but a dozen lines. I do not think that a regular mail has left this city, without carrying a letter for you from me.","The treaty has arrived from Washington, with its amendments. Many think that it will receive the ratification of this government. But some think that it will not. For my own part I hope it will. Mr. Sevier I presume will be here in a few days. At last dates from Queretaro there were wanting fifteen congressmen, and three senators to complete the quorum. We have received news here of a battle at [Chiguagua], in which we took fourteen pieces of artillery from the enemy. I am at present studying Humboldt's history of Mexico, in Spanish. The rain is quite abundant here at present and interferes somewhat with my evening visits. It is believed that our presence here is destroying the extreme superstition of this country. But not withstanding the influence of our presence, the natives still with uncovered heads drop on their knees, at the approach of the Archbishop's carriage; which is recognized by its being drawn by two spotted mules.","General Pillow's trial is not yet finished and the general opinion is that it will be terminated in the United States. We are told here that our people at home, think that the army do not wish to return from Mexico, but if such is the truth they are much mistaken. An expedition started a few days since, for [Popocatepitl] which is a volcanic mountain to the S.E. of and in full view of this city, and which still issues clouds of smoke at times. I should probably have gone my self, but as the temperature is so extremely low, resulting from the crest being capped with snow, I feared that my health might suffer.","In conformity with the armistice, the Mexicans have taken possession of their archives, and have resumed the civil administration of their government. Santa Anna at last news, was at his hacienda near Jalapa (Encerro) again bidding adieu to his country. Whilst at his hacienda he received the visits of Colonel Hews, and several other American officers. General Valencia died a few days since in this city, the news of which proved fatal to his daughter, who died a few hours subsequent to its reception. I have heard of no other who mourned his fate. The general hospital is ordered to be moved to Jalapa, and General Patterson I believe will go down at the same time, to take command of the station. This movement appears to indicate an anticipation of leaving the country.","Remember me to Mr. Arnold, Thomas and other friends.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. May 20th 1848","Sir \nThe Secretary of War having informed me by letter of the 20th of April ult. that I have been appointed by the President Assistant Commissary of Subsistence I have the honor to notify you for the information of the war department that I have accepted the appointment.","I am sir very respectfully your obdt. servt.","T.J. Jackson \n1st Lt. 1st Arty Genl. R. Jones \nAdjt. Genl.","Governors Island \nAug 26th 1848","Dear Sister \nFinally I have arrived at this station which is in sight of the city of New York. I have had some hopes of visiting you this fall but I have not been able to arrange my affairs here for that purpose and consequently I can not say when I will be able to visit those of whom I so frequently think and so much desire to be with. I presume that I could get home this winter by making sacrifices which I ought not to make, for instance if I should leave some other officer might be attached during my absence who would rank me in case of his remaining with the company after my return. I do not believe that Capt. Taylor would give his sanction to any officers coming to the company who would rank me, so long as I remain with the company or so long as there are officers enough with it, but my absence might reduce the number of officers so much as to render another officer necessary to the company.","But I am in hopes that next summer I shall be able to see you and if so I purpose on visiting the springs at several places and visiting those parts of Virginia most remarkable such as the Natural Bridge. You will please let me know the distance from Beverly to Staunton, \u0026 the time in which the stage [visits] it, and also the distance from Beverly to the White Sulphur Springs.","As yet I do not know where I will be stationed. I hope that ere this your eyes are perfectly recovered. I am still getting better. I have been brevetted a captain though as yet it is not published. Write frequently to your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","Carlisle Barracks Penn \nSeptember 5th 1848","Dear Sister \nI had the pleasure of receiving your letter directed to New York but the same day I received orders to attend as a member of a general court martial at this place which is about a hundred miles distant (east) of Pittsburgh {following 17 words are marked out with heavy ink}...in your own house on the 10th of October which is earlier than you even requested. As I have already given you my reasons for not coming this fall it is unnecessary to state that I may make sacrifices in visiting you. But on reading your letter I concluded that I would use my influence to do that which I so much desire to do (to visit you). But as yet, the court has not adjourned, and I have not yet got my leave of absence granted, but Capt. Taylor told me that he would not only approve of it, but recommend it, but before I can get it, I must obtain the permission of the Colonel of my Regt. and of the Secretary of War. But should I not arrive by the time specified, do not have anxiety about it. If it be unsuccessful the fault shall not be mine.","There are many very interesting ladies here, and there has been almost a soiree every day since my arrival, and at which I have enjoyed myself well. When I obtain my leave, should I get it, you must not expect me to stay with you more than a month. And I hope that your health will be much improved by that time. You need not write to me, until you receive another letter from me, as I cannot say where I may be any coming day. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, your family, and my other friends. My health I think, is still improving.","Your brother \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor. Jany 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI suppose that you begin to think it time, that I should write, but I am not certain that my physician agrees with you about that as he has been cautioning me about confining my mind too much. But at all events, I shall venture to say, that I am still living, and with the blessings of God, hope to live, for some years to come. My physician has pronounced my lungs and liver sound, and that the liver has only been sympathetically affected.","I saw about that claim of [Warren's], and it is worth nothing, the Sheriff having failed to make his certificate. Whilst in Richmond, I called on Mr. Carlisle, and was received by him, in a very cordial manner, and during my stay there, he allowed no opportunity to pass unimproved, in which he could manifest his kindness. The night after I left your house I passed out at the head of the Valley river, and the next morning was in about 17 miles of Huntersville. But not withstanding I reached the Hot Springs too late for the Wednesday's stage, and consequently had to wait until Friday.","I am as you have observed at Fort Hamilton, which is on Long Island about ten miles below the city of New York, and on the east bank of the Hudson River. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the children \u0026 c.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton. Feby 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI have more than once thought of your request to write to you and give you the fashions, but such would be a difficult thing for me to do as I do not know even so much as the name of the different parts of a ladies apparel. I in the matter of dress agree perfectly with the Parisians (who not only give the fashions for New York City, but for the civilized world) that a person ought to adopt such a style of dress as is most becoming the particular individual and not that which is adopted by the greater portion of mankind, unless it should be at least reasonably suited to your complexion, height, figure \u0026.","I have begun my historical studies having read about one fourth of Ro[bi]ns Ancient History. If Mr. Arnold can prevail on the wagoner who may bring my books to Cumberland, to put the box in the office of Adams \u0026 Co. who have an office in Cumberland, and a train of cars running from there to New York, he will secure them to me more effectually than in any other way. Let the man take a receipt for them, and forward it to me at this place. The box should be marked as follows: Captain T.J. Jackson, care of the Quartermaster in New York City, N.Y. The manner in which the company do business, is to give a receipt when any thing is delivered at the office and then to turn over the article when the receipt is presented, and if the article should get lost to pay the owner for it.","The cholera has entirely disappeared from this place (Quarantine). The weather is quite disagreeable. I caught the rheumatism in your salubrious mountain air, which is harassing me no little. I am gaining strength and flesh. If Mr. Gibson will write to Captain Arnold, who is at Fort Monroe Va I am of the opinion, that he will get some information in relation to the ammunition which was charged to his brother, as he was a lieutenant in Arnold's Company. I am well fixed here, having my rooms both carpeted and decently furnished. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the family, Aunt White, Uncle, and our other relatives.","Your brother\nT.J. Jackson","P.S. The gold fever is running very high here. I have conversed with Mr. Lo[e]ser, an officer of the Army from California, who says that a person can gather on an average about seventy five dollars per day, and that the climate is most delightful, the thermometer standing at from 60 to 70 degrees. As you may not know much about Thermometers, it may not be amiss for me to state, that the higher the thermometer stands, the warmer the weather is. Fahrenheit's thermometer which is the one commonly used in this country and the one referred to above, stands at 32 degrees when water freezes, at 55 degrees the air is temperate, at 75 degrees the air is at summer heat, at 95 degrees the air is at blood heat, and at 212 degrees the air would be at the temperature of boiling water. From the foregoing you observe that the climate referred to must be charming.","\nT.J.J.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor April 27th 1849","Dear Sister \nOwing to a desire to secure some catalogs for Mr. Arnold, I have not written earlier. Yesterday, I went to Harper and Brothers Book store; but he had none on hand; but said that he would have in a few days. I obtained one from Appleton's Book establishment and shall forward it by the same mail as this letter. It do not contain all his books, when I shall have obtained one from Harper, I shall also forward it. And if Mr. Arnold shall want any books that may not be found in either of them, let me know what ones they are, and I believe that I can find it in some part of the city.","Your request had not yet been complied with, but I rely on your generosity of character; as my strength has forbid much exercise, and especially walking on the hard pavements of N.Y. city. But I am improving in both flesh and strength and I hope in health also. I am now under the care of one of the first medical men of N.Y. city. I have lately commenced visiting more frequently, and every few evenings receive an invitation to some social party. Yesterday whilst walking through the city, I thought of the pleasure which I would derive from sharing the contemplations of its beauties and wonders with you. Naturally I recalled to mind, and applied to N.Y. what the Frenchman asserted of Paris, when he said that when a man had seen Paris, that he had seen all the world.","In New York may be found all most anything which the inclinations may desire; but peaceful quiet: every thing is in motion, every thing is alive with animation. In its busy throng, none feel the long tedious hour; even the invalid for the time forgets his infirmities, and with wondering admiration contemplates the surrounding scene.","Frequently you are the subject of my thoughts, and if you were only within reach of rapid communication would receive more frequent visits. The weather is moderating here.","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, June 12th/49","Dear Sister, \nDoubtless you are expecting an answer to your last, and in truth, not without reason; as I have not written for more than two months. But my silence has not originated from your not replying to my former letters, but is due to other causes, such as weak eyes and pressure of business, as I have to discharge the duties of Quartermaster \u0026 Commissary in addition to my other company duties, and from such causes I have now a number of unanswered letters on hand.","I wish when practicable to write to you once every month, and I do not wish you to reply unless your eyes will admit of it without pain, because I prefer that your health should be preserved to any other Earthly consideration, and I hope that you will not strain your eyes on any account whatever. We can not appreciate our blessings unless deprived of them. My health is improving.","I forward to Mr. Arnold a catalogue of Harper's publications. If there is anything in it which he wishes, I hope that he will not fail to let me know. When you get possession of my books, I wish that you would retain them until I see you, or write relative to them.","I have not subscribed for Graham's magazine, but will do so if you desire. I merely sent a copy in order to see how you would like it. I hope to send you a copy or number(?) of the Lady's Book which some prefer to Graham's, though I can not say which is best, but when you shall have received it, you can judge for yourself.","I have received my commission as Brevet Major, and am gratified that you had an opportunity of doing Judge Lee a favor.","I sent a fifty dollar bank draft to Sylvanus White, with a request that he would pay Miss Caroline Norris a small sum, I think 2.50, 3.00 or 3.50 cts, which she let me have for the purpose of making a small purchase, which I did not make; and as I have heard nothing of him  since, and as some months have elapsed, I fear that something may be wrong. I wish that you would ask Miss Eliza Norris about it, and if Sylvanus has not settled it, I wish that you would. If at any time, you should not receive an expected letter, try and make yourself easy, as in case of any accident happening to me, I have friends who would not fail to give the necessary information.","The Cholera in the city is on the decline. I have no dread of it as I believe that those who keep their system in a healthy state have but little to fear.","Your sincere brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, Monday, July 2/49","My Dear Sister, \nThe morning duties ended, and through the blessings of that all Ruling Being, I'm allowed the privilege and pleasure communing with you. I received some days since, a letter from John White informing me of your visit to him and of the news of his vicinity, but which it is not necessary to mention as I presume that all is probably already known to you. I was gratified to learn that Uncle C.E. had been released from the [illegible], and had left Lewis for a more congenial clime. I also received a letter from cousin Elizabeth [Griss], informing me of the marriage of cousin Indas (her sister), of her own recovered health and of the prospects of her promising brothers Ben and William. She also stated that the health of Aunt and Uncle Williams was good. But she had not heard from you, since my visit. If your eyes should become so, as to allow of your writing without pain, then try and drop her a note for truly she is one of your friends. But I hope that you will not strain your eyes for the purpose of writing to anyone. You can at least send her your card and an occasional messages by some of the Lawyers.","I feel much concern about your eyes, for I fear you will strain them. Remember that the best physicians are opposed to straining that important organ and when it fails or begins to fail naturally that they recommend spectacles. But this should be the last resort, and should only be used when necessary : for instance, some persons can walk about, out of doors and in doors without the light hurting their eyes: but must use this auxiliary in reading. The great objection to spectacles is that when their use is once commenced, it must be generally continued through life. A person when selecting a pair should select the lowest number, which will answer the proposed end and then as circumstances require, increase it. But I would advise you not to use them as long as you can do without them (at the same time avoiding pain).","My eyes were so weak some months since that I could not look long at objects through the window and to look out of doors was frequently painful, though but for a moment, and I was reduced to the necessity of masking my looking glass on account of its reflection, and I could not look at a candle, not even for a second, without pain. I consulted my physician and he told me not to use them, and at the same time to avoid spectacles. I did so and at present can read a letter of three or four pages without feeling any inconvenience of consequence. My health is improving and my strength adhered to my wholesome diet, of stale bread and plainly dressed meat (having nothing on it but salt), that I prefer it now to almost anything else. The other evening, I tasted a piece of bread with butter on it and then the bread without it, and rather gave my preference to the unbuttered bread; and hence I may never taste any more of this once much relished seasoning. And I think if you would adopt for your breakfast a cup of moderately strong black tea, stale wheat bread (wheat bread, raised and not less that 24 hours old) fresh meat, broiled or roasted is best, the yolk of one or two eggs (the white is hardly worth eating as it requires digestion and affords but little nutrition). For dinner the same kind of bread \u0026 meat, one vegetable only, say peas, beans or this years potatoes, and for drink plain water. For tea, the same kind of bread and drink as for breakfast and nothing else, unless you choose a little butter. The great beauty of the foregoing is that it furnishes all the nutrition which food can give and at the same time does not interfere in the digestive process like other substances such as salt meats, cabbage, lettuce, desert (such as pies, preserves, nuts, and all kinds of sweetmeats). Of what I have recommended, you can eat as much as your appetite craves, provided that you take regular meals, and plenty of exercise, say not less than three hours per day. I presume that your daily duties require you to be moving probably that much. Salt meats may be eaten, but fresh is preferable, and I regard green tea \u0026 coffee so injurious to the nerves that you should always prefer water to either. Now if you can make up your mind to adopt the foregoing for one year, I think that you will probably never wish to change it, and that after using such a diet for two or three months that you may experience marked advantage from it, but you must bear in mind that your meals must be at fixed hours. If you arise at seven five or six O'clock and go to bed at nine or ten, then seven would be a good hour for breakfast, one for dinner and seven for tea. And you ought to always retire to bed before eleven. If you should conclude to adopt the forgoing, do not taste other things of which you are fond: unless it be fruits and those should be ripe. I think that a small quantity of fruit eaten when ripe and in the fore part of the day, is advantageous. You should try and forget that you are infirm and pay no attention to your symptoms as most any person can by being too attentive to every little pain.","Remember that good wholesome food taken at proper times is one of the best of medicines. I shall have hopes of your improvement when you have resolved to taste nothing of which you are fond, except such things as I have mentioned. If you commence on this diet, remember that it is like a man joining the temperance society; if he afterwards tastes liquor, he is gone. T.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton April 1st 1850","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came to safe to hand, and with pleasure its contents were read. During the past month, our stables were burned. All the horses were saved, though mine, with some others, were injured a little. The damage was near four thousand dollars.","I regret to say that circumstances will prevent my return home this summer, but on the 1st of October, I expect to be ordered to Fort Washington, opposite Mount Vernon, where I expect to get a leave, and visit you during some portion of that month.","My health continues to improve. My muscles have become quite solid. My exercises are of a violent character, when the chill blain {chilblain} on my feet do not prevent it. I hope that Little Ann has entirely recovered.","When I make my proposed visit, I shall endeavor to take with me such things as your letter has specified, provided that they are attainable. Some of them may be difficult to get. My past winter has been much more pleasant than the preceding. The weather here is at present delightful; but in a few days it may be the reverse as it is much influenced here on the Sea Board, by the direction of the winds.","On Thursday last, I, in company with 18 others had a grand sleigh ride, it was the best snow of the season, but in 24 hours, there was hardly a trace of it to be found.","Sincerely your Brother \nThomas P.S. Remember me to Mr. A. and family.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor \nApril 24, 1850","My Dear Uncle, \nI have with pleasure received, and read your very kind letter, but it was a pleasure mingled with pain at seeing those passages, which spoke of the death of friends and relatives. Though the rumor of uncle Cummins' death may be true, yet I cannot believe it without further evidence. I shall write to California and try to ascertain. I hope that no decree will be obtained for settling his property, but should such authority be obtained, then will not some of his friends who have means come forward and prevent its sacrifice. Certainly if he has a friend, now it the time for its manifestation. You spoke of my giving assistance, but my pecuniary affairs are so arranged that I have not ten dollars in cash which I can call my own.","There is no man on Earth, whom I would befriend sooner than Uncle Cummins. Let me know who have betrayed him and in what he has been betrayed, give me a full history of names and facts as soon as possible; and strain every nerve to prevent the granting of the decree. I expect to return home in the Fall, when I will see what can be done; though I fear that I will not be able to do any thing, but I can not tell what good luck I may meet with by that time.","I believe that I will leave my horse in the possession of McLean until then. I am in much better health then when we parted and hope through the blessings of a kind Providence soon to be restored to perfect health. I have not received a single line from California. I have a delightful station and hope to pass a pleasant Summer.","Remember me kindly to Aunt and other relatives and friends. \nYour nephew \nT.J. Jackson","Plattsburg Barracks N.Y. \nMay 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou observe that I am now on the border of Canada, it is for the purpose of trying some prisoners.","My health is still improving and in a short time I expect to return home to Fort Hamilton. In coming to this place I have passed some charming scenery. This place is on the Western bank of Lake Champlain. I should like very much to visit Montreal and Quebec before returning South, but want of time and money will prevent it. On my way here I saw the old Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point. And in front of this Garrison, was fought the great Naval action of the late war.","Remember me kindly to Mr. A and Family. \nYour brother Thomas","Fort Hamilton N.Y. \nMay 20th 1850","Sir, \nI herewith enclose an Invoice of Public Property, directed to your address, and turned over this day to Genl. H. Whiting, Asst. Qtr.Mstr. Genl.,for transportation.","I am Sir, \nVery Respectfully, \nYour obedient servt. \nT.J. Jackson\n1st Lt. \u0026 Bvt.Maj. 1st Arty. \nA. A. Qtr.Mstr.","To S. Lansing Jr. Esq. \nMil. Storekeeper \nU.S. Arsenal Watervliet Troy","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor","My Dear Sister, \nI have received yours and in reply, can say that my health is still improving. Your requests shall be attended to, but it will be necessary to wait until my arrival; as I know of no safe mode of conveyance. You speak of your fruit and flowers. I cannot indulge in the luxury of the former, but of the latter, I take great interest and I hope that you may always cultivate them. It shows a refined taste to abound in admiration for the beautiful, and it has the additional advantage of endearing children to their home. With pleasure they must through different periods of their lives look back to their garden filled with beautiful flowers. And when they see the same flowers, even in distant countries, how vividly will it recall to mind their home, their Mother, Father, brothers, sisters, and all their early associations. ","I will not get home this summer, but have some hopes of coming in October, but I can not say what the result will be. How can I get through those mountains during the Winter season.","I wish that I could come and spend the entire winter with you, but such I fear will be impractical. Do not make any calculations, but expect me when circumstances will best admit of my taking a leave. I have recently received a letter from uncle John White and Aunt Catherine. The family is well, uncle Jack and Aunt Nancy are dead.","Uncle had recently received a letter from our cousins in California and they say that Uncle Cummins is undoubtedly dead. This is news which goes to my heart, uncle was a father to me.","I want to bring Thomas a good violin, if neither you nor Mr. A. has any objection to his learning to play on one. Remember me kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Fort Ontario N.Y. \nAug 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou are probably surprised at hearing from me so frequently at different points as a member of Courts Martial. I am now about twelve hours from Niagara Falls, and consequently intend visiting them before returning home. I will leave here in the evening and be at the Falls next morning.","The Court will probably remain in session for several days.","Fort Ontario is situated on the lake of the same name and in view of the city of Oswego.","If circumstances permit me to return home to Va. this coming fall, how can I get to your town most conveniently from Washington City. My health is still improving, but is as yet so delicate as to render much regularity necessary, and it is probable that I am more particular in my rules that any person of your acquaintance.","I fear that I will be much exposed in crossing the mountains, unless there is a stage line through from Eastern Virginia. When you write, let me know what kind of flowers, plants, \u0026 are in your garden and what kind you would like for me to bring. I expect that I can obtain almost every description in New York.","I am to commence staying at a water cure establishment this evening where I expect to remain during my stay here. I have great faith in them for such infirmities as mine. I have been for some months adopting it to a certain extent, and with advantage.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and the family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","West Point N.Y. \nSept. 3rd 1850","My Dear Sister, \nI am again at my first Military station, and a very pleasant visit it is. Here I see objects which recall many pleasant \u0026 agreeable associations of my youth, but it is my lot to meet but few of my comrades of those bygone days. All other things are visible, though changed. One of my former Barracks is torn down and another constructed. But among the existing and unaltered objects are the garden of Kosciuszko, his monument, Fort Putnam, in which Andre was confined and from which Arnold escaped after his unsuccessful attempt to sell his command. Here too is the Plain, the Military works and above all, its grand and lofty mountains. I am on a Genl. C. Martial, which will soon adjourn.","I have been quite unwell and had it not have been for my judicious application of water, I can not say what would have been the consequence.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Meade, Fla. \nFeb. 25th 1851","Dear Sir, \nI have just received your communication of the 4th inst. containing the kind proposition of bringing my name before the Board of Visitors of the V. M. Institute as a candidate for the Professorship of Nat. \u0026 Exp. Phil.","Though strong ties bind me to the Army, yet I can not consent to decline so flattering an offer. Please present my name to the Board and accept my thanks for your kindness.","I am sir, \nVery Respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Fort Meade Fla. \nApril 2nd 1851","My Dear Sister, \nYour affectionate letter has been received, and read with much pleasure. I should think from the character of them, (the last few) that your health has improved very much; although you do not say so in so many words.","I have hopes of being able to live near you for a while. I received a letter from Col. Smith, the Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, in which he kindly offers to present my name to the Board of Visitors in June next, as a candidate for the Professorship in Natural and Experimental Philosophy in the Institute. I have accepted his offer; but am unable to say whether I shall be elected. If I knew who would compose the Board, then I could form a better idea. If I have a few friends on it, my chance will probably be good. I consider the situation both conspicuous and desirable. I will be in about 150 or 160 miles from you, will have quarters, and receive twelve hundred dollars per year. Philosophy is my favorite subject. I hope through the blessings of Providence to succeed in securing the Post.","I have heard that the Hon. Joseph Johnson is to be our Governor. Is it Joseph Johnson of Harrison? if so I am much pleased, as he had befriended me on more than one occasion.","I believe that John Stringer will probably be on the Board of Visitors in June next. This information I received by yesterdays mail. Where does he live? I see that Mr. Carlisle has been making two speeches in the convention. I look upon him as one of the promising sons of Virginia. I hope before long to see him in Congress. I am much pleased at seeing cousin Wm. J. Jackson also in the Convention. Indeed I have some hopes that our ancient reputation may be revived.","I might have sent this letter sooner, but I designedly delayed it for to see if yesterday's mail (6th of April) would not enable me to give you some good news, but I did not receive the information which I was waiting for, but in my next I hope to be in possession of agreeable tidings for you, but I am not over sanguine.","I received a few days since, a very kind, and well-wishing letter from Genl. John J. Jackson. When I visit you, I want also to visit him. I find that I have many friends, indeed I have found that all to whom I apply for assistance are ready to give me a helping hand. The generals letter was particularly gratifying to me.","I shall not attempt a Theological discussion with you a present, hoping to see you during the present year, when I hope that you will have all of your questions and ideas prepared for the investigation of your brother.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., to Aunt White, to Uncle, Cousin John, Uncle Stalnaker and Col. Goff and other friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Meade Florida \nApril 22nd 1851","Col. \nYour letter of the 28th inst. informing me that I have been elected Prof. of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics, in the Virginia Military Institute, has been received.","The high honor, conferred by the Board of Visitors, in selecting me, unanimously, to fill such a Professorship, gratified me exceedingly.","I hope to be able to meet the Board on the 25th of June next, but fear that circumstances, over which I have no control, will prevent my doing do before that time. For your kindness in endeavoring to procure me a leave of absence for six months, as well as for the interest you have otherwise manifested in my behalf, I feel under strong and lasting obligations.","Should I desire a furlough of more than than one month commencing on the 1st of July next, it would be for the purpose of visiting Europe.","I regret that recent illness has prevented my giving you an earlier answer.","Any communication which you may have to make previous to the 1st of June, please direct to this place.","I am Col. \nVery respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, VA \nAugust 20th 1851","My Dear Sister \nI am much pleased with my situation. I have commenced my military duties and am reviewing on of my text books. My health has much improved since you heard me say good by.","I sent you a pamphlet a few days since, it was by the request of my old Physician with whom I was residing in the North. He appeared to take a deep interest in me and to be interested in those who were interested in your brother. From him I have learned many important truths concerning health. His names is Lowry Barney. I felt home sick at bidding adieu to his estimable family. Mrs. B. said that I did not appear like a stranger but like a relative, they were more kind than I could have desired.","From my present room which is in the 2d story of the Lexington Hotel. I have a lovely view of Mountain scenery. Lexington is the most beautiful place that I remember of having ever seen when taken in connection with the surrounding country.","I expect to go to the Springs next month with the Corps of Cadets. We shall leave about the 8th and return about the 25th, about the 13th we will arrive at the White Sulphur.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family and to my friends and relatives. I suppose that you had a fine mental feast on Miss B's notes. I designed burning them. Please save me the trouble by doing me the favor","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 8th 1851","My Dear Sister, \nI have had the pleasure of receiving your letter and the articles which you sent to me.","I have seen Mr. Cowen and requested him to call on you, and have made a similar request of Mr. Henderson, whom I esteem very highly. He is the brother-in-law of Col. Smith. I am much obliged for the articles. An opportunity will hardly be afforded for visiting you this winter. I have received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale: She as well as our other relatives are well.","The academic duties commenced on yesterday week.","My health has through the blessings of Providence been so much improved to enable me to enter on my duties, with which I am delighted.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family, and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","And say to Mr. A. that I hope to be able by his assistance to get some fine fossil specimens from his farm when I next visit Beverly. I remember of having seen some beautiful specimens of shells, near the bridge about Mrs. Bakers. These he showed me in 1848.","Your brother \nThomas ","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. Jany. 16th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has like every other good, brought with it pain. But I hope that your health will again return among the blessings of Providence to brighten the remainder of your days as well as those of mine.","I have been desirous of writing at an earlier day; but our examination and other duties have prevented my doing so, and even now this pleasing task is performed during the height of the examination. It could be delayed no longer without a degree of pain, which your brother is unwilling to experience on this subject. This trying ordeal will close about Thursday next.","I hope that you will look back if you through your past life and see if you can not find some cause for your afflictions.","Now my dear sister. You are aware that I am troubled about your hopes in relation to the endless futurity. The best plan that I can  conceive for an unbeliever in God, as presented to us in the Bible, is to first consider things in reference merely to expediency. Now considering the subject with reference to expediency only, let us examine whether it is safer to be a Christian or an Infidel. Suppose two persons, one a Christian and the other an infidel, to be closing their earthly existences and suppose that the infidel is right and the Christian is wrong, they will then after death be upon an equality. But instead of the infidel being right, suppose him to be wrong and the Christian right, then will the state of the latter after death be inestimably superior to that of the other. And if you will examine the history of mankind it will be plain that Christianity contributes much more to happiness in this life, than that of infidelity. Now having briefly glanced at this subject, to what decision are we forced on the mere ground of expediency, certainly it is to the adoption of Christianity.","Having made our selection of Christianity, the next point is to consider whether we can believe the teachings of the Sacred volume; if so, then its adoption should of necessity follow. I have examined the subject maturely, and the evidence is very conclusive, and if we do not receive the Bible as being authentic and creditable, we must reject every other ancient work; as there is no other in favor of which, so much evidence can be adduced. Oh Sister! do pray to God for his mercy, and eternal life through our Redeemer Jesus Christ.","I have not yet been able to procure the peaches of which I spoke in my former letter. Cousin Harriet has returned from her visit to Point Pleasant, which was to her very pleasant. Uncle Minor Neale's daughter has returned home, with her grand-father who came north for her. Talk to Thomas \u0026 Grace for me and tell them that their uncle is very much obliged to them and that they must continue to be good children, and do what their mother and father may require of them.","Remember me very kindly to all inquiring friends and Relatives.","I should be much pleased to see a literary institution in Beverly; but I cannot see how to be serviceable to it. If you will state in your next what I would have to do as agent I would be enabled to give a more definite answer.","Your brother, \nThomas ","Va. Mil. Institute \nLexington Va. Feby. 7 1852","My Dear Sister, \nThough much pressed with business and far behind in my correspondence, I can not defer any longer a letter to you. Our examination has closed and academic duties have been resumed.","Next week I hope to take up the subject of Optics. The approaching summer is looked forward to by me with no small degree of interest, as our vacation will commence after the 4th of July.","Your health I hope is completely restored before this time: mine is still delicate. When did you last hear from Parkersburg and how are our relatives and friends? Do you see anything of John White's family. The weather had been extremely cold, but at present it is lovely.","I have not heard from you in weeks upon weeks. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 21st 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter including that of our cousin, has been received, and with no small regret do I consider your past afflictions, but we are all the children of suffering sorrow in this world. Whilst it has many pleasures, it is not, nor will not be divested of its cares. Amid affliction, let us hope for happiness. But divest us of hope and how miserable would we be! It has never forsaken me, nor in my humble opinion, never will. However dark the night, I am cheered with an anticipated glorious and luminous morrow. May such ever be your happy lot. No earthly calamity can shake my hope in the future, so long as God is my friend, and on this subject I expect to have a long conversation with you next summer. I feel ashamed of not having written to you earlier, but even now I am debtor a number of letters in other quarters, which in time, have the preference, but my conscience will not be troubled at this species of fraud.","I am glad that cousin stopped with you. I received a letter from cousin Sylvanus White recently in which he states that his location is in Missouri, but for the future, he can not say to what quarter his steps will be directed.","My health has improved. What do you propose doing next summer during my visit. I suppose that plans you have in abundance. How is the family: give my regards to all individually. Tell Thomas that I should like to have him with me sometimes very much \u0026 that he must be at home the next time that I visit him. Remember me to all inquiring friends and relatives. How is Cousin John White and Aunt White.","Your Brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute Lexington, Va. \nApril 10th 1852","My Dear Sister \nI have nothing which can call for a letter from me at this time except the pleasure of writing to you and to say a word in reference to your mentioned garden seeds, \u0026 c. Tell me the precise kinds of seeds which are desirable and if you can the mode of conveyance for them to Beverly. I might possibly procure some grafts of apricots \u0026 [illegible] if they could only be sent to you.","I sent for my box sometime since, but have not yet obtained possession of it. This is a beautiful day, though the preceding few have been cold and have injured the fruit prospects, particularly the apricots and other early fruit. The plank road from Staunton to Buckhannon, which latter place is about 25 miles distant from here is now under construction, through our town. The stage travels about one third faster on it than on the dirt road.","I am anxiously looking forward to July.","When did you last hear from Cousin Margaret. She appears to have dropped me as a correspondent. I certainly gave her ostensible reason for so doing by not answering her letter more promptly. But this was occasioned by the pressure of other things.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., the family \u0026 to all enquiring friends and relations.","Tell Thomas and Grace I am not going to allow them to see their Aunt Nancy until they both offer to love me more than her. Tell them that their Aunt does not care about them half as much as I do.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. May 1st 1852","My Dear Doctor, \nYour interesting letter has been received and perused with much pleasure. But my matrimonial success as you are ere this probably aware of was a hoax. I suppose that some interested friend thought that I ought to be married and that it would be well to remind me of my duty before efforts would be too late. Frequently your intended, is to be seen with all her prepossessing fascinations. Why do you not come on? Certainly you will be here on the 4th. The weather here is at present beautiful, though for months it has been unseasonably cold.","How are you pleased with Philadelphia? What are Penrose's prospects for distinction in his profession. Of all the cities in this Union, that of the Quakers has my preference. Its public squares, magnificent edifices, it's water works \u0026 c, including that universal task which strikes the eye at all its points, must make it very interesting to all, who are only consulting pleasure.","Trueheart is now in Washington city, engaged in the Coast Survey. There is only one assistant here at present (Stewart). Our appropriation bill has not yet been acted on by the Legislature.","Judge Baldwin is not expected to recover from his recent attack. Judge Brockenbrough will probably be a candidate in place of Judge Baldwin for the Court of Appeals.","Prof. Calhoun of Washington College will leave this coming summer; his successor is so far unknown. Every thing is quiet at present in the Institute and I hope will ever continue so.","There is to be strong [stage] opposition through here this season. Let me here from you whenever a spare moment will permit.","Your sincere friend, \nT. J. Jackson","[On verso; not in Jackson's hand]","Resolved that it is with feelings of the most profound regret that we have heard the announcement of the decease of our fellow student \u0026 associate Dr. [illegible] Weir; whose gentlemanly bearing \u0026 Christian deportment has served not only to endear him to all with whom he came in contact but to render him an ornament and honour to the noble profession of which he was so faithful a votary. Resolved that we do sympathize most sincerely with the bereaved relatives \u0026 friends of his House upon whom this dispensation of Providence has fallen so unexpectedly \u0026 painfully.","Resolved that from respect to his memory we will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.","Resolved that a copy of the proceedings of this meeting signed by the Secy. \u0026 Pres. be forwarded to the family of the deceased \u0026 that the same be published in the Richmond \u0026 Alexandria papers.","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. May 14, 1852","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter had been received; but you do not give me definite instructions about garden seed, grafts etc. But I should think that it would be useless to get any for you unless they are such as I can convey in person for you may judge of the difficulty of getting anything from Lexington to Beverly from the fact that though I have used effort upon effort to procure the box which you sent to me and have told the stage driver to spare no expense in procuring it, yet from his negligence or from some other cause it has not yet come to hand.","I wish that you would either get Miss H. to take it back to Beverly on her return, or else send a servant with it to the stage office at Staunton and have it sent to me put on the way bill and directed to me at Lexington, Va. to the care of E. Porter.","I have recently received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale, which states that she is engaged in teaching a school and that all our relations are well and that Cousin Lizzie Neale, daughter of Uncle Minor is on a visit and that she will probably remain North all summer.","I hope that by this time your health is entirely restored. Though my manner of living is very abstemious, yet health has not returned with all its blessings. Yet I am much better than when I last bid you good bye.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family. Tell Thomas and Grace that their aunt does not say a single word about either of them.","The weather had been very pleasant for the past few days, though the present one is not remarkably agreeable as a part of the time is sunshine and a part rainy and the balance is a mixture of both. In Beverly there is probably snow to be seen even this  late in May.","This evening we are to be favored with a vocal concert. I wish that you could accompany me. I believe that as yet you had not been informed of my daily exercise. I have to walk about a mile and a half for each meal: 3/4 to and 3/4 from it. And in the morning I usually walk about a mile and a half before breakfast and in the afternoon about two miles or more before tea.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. June 5th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter has come safe to hand but I regret that your health is not yet restored though improved at present, let us hope to see the day when you will again enjoy that greatest of earthly blessings in perfection. Do not begin to look for me until the latter half of July. I may be with you in the first part but I can not speak definitely at present.","My box has not yet arrived, but I have spoken to a friend whose family lives in Staunton to endeavor to have his family to forward it. I shall try to get some grafts to take with me.","Is it a fur hat which I am to get for Thomas, if so it would be desirable to have the measure of his head.","The weather is quite cool here this morning though for sometime back it has been very warm.","The people are beginning to visit the Alum Springs.","I wish that you could see our Institute for I consider that it is the most tasty edifice in the state. We have had green peas for sometime and the strawberries are I believe beginning to disappear. But the cherries are just coming in season.","Beverly must be cold enough for all practicable purposes even at this late period. I am enjoying myself more than I have done for some years; but still my health requires much care and rigid regard to diet.","I hope that the news may be true that Uncle Cummins has returned; to meet him will be a proud day in my life. He has certainly been a good friend to me. Have you heard anything from cousin E.J. Jackson.","A bill has recently passed out state Legislature which appropriates 30,000 dollars for the purpose of completing our Barracks. We expect during the coming session to have about 18 or 20 more cadets that at any previous one and when the buildings shall be completed the accommodations will admit of upwards of 200. This past year we had to refuse admission to a large number. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family \u0026 to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother \nThomas \nP.S. I hope that you will not make any calculations as to the manner of passing the present summer until after my arrival at Beverly. T. ","Alum Springs Rockbridge Cty\nJuly 12 1852","I arrived here yesterday in as good health as usual and am delighted with the waters so far. The Springs are crowded there being about four hundred visitors and the accommodations being only adequate for 275 or 300. I succeeded in procuring 1/2 a bed; there being one room for four occupants. In a few days I hope to be better off. Though we have but two beds to 4 persons in my quarters; yet the beds are good, and the servants, and proprietors, and the their assistants are attentive.","Boarding is 10 dollars per week. This water I consider is the water of waters. This place is more crowded than any other in the mountains and I have not heard of a single person who is dissatisfied though my enquiries have been many.","My appetite and digestion have already improved and I indulge rather freely. My dinner was principally bread (which was rather fresh), potatoes and green corn which is by no means digestible. My supper rich corn bread \u0026 the same for breakfast (using butter freely at each meal)","Remember me very kindly to all enquiring Relatives and friends. Your brother, Thomas","This establishment was sold a few days since for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. \nT.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nSept 7th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nA line from you has not even come to hand yet. I hope that this is not a result of ill health. An improvement of health began to reward me for my visit to the Alum Springs, within as I believe less than 24 hours after my arrival there. I remained at the Springs for three weeks and then left with regret.","The checks have not yet come to hand, has the letter containing them been received by you. Our duties at the Institute have been resumed, and things omen well.","I have for months back admired Lexington, but now for the first time have truly and fully appreciated it. Of all the places which have come under my observation in the U. States, this little village is the most beautiful.","In a few days I hope to write a letter to cousin Harriet Murdoc and I shall urge her to leave home next year. She is a lovely lady and if she were not my cousin I might ardently desire her to be my wife. She is so estimable: I feel proud of her as a cousin. I enjoyed myself very much at the springs and would have been delighted to have had her with me.","I wrote to Richard Camden and to Dr. Bland requesting them to join me at the Alum but have heard nothing from either of them.","I hope that the baby has entirely recovered and that your health continues to improve. Remember me very kindly to the family and to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother, Thomas ","Has Cousin Nancy returned home? How is Miss Eliza and Mrs. Hilly? \nT.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 9th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has finally come safely to its place of destination. I felt concerned about your long silence, for fear that your health was bad.","I have found on my return home that the peaches here were not so abundant as I had supposed but the apples are at abundance. Though peaches are not so plentiful as I had supposed, yet I have spoken to a person to secure me two or three bushels and if he fails I will endeavor to secure them by sending to Lynchburg, which is near forty miles and through that section I have been informed that there has been no scarcity. I hope that by this time the baby is entirely well and that health and prosperity are among the number of your domestic blessings.","My health has been much improved by visiting the Alum Springs. I have been and am still using the water, but its effects are not so good as when used at the Springs.","Cousin Harriet has written me a letter which I prize very much, it speaks the purity of her character. I wish that I could be with her during my leisure moments. They would pass so delightfully under her pure and elevating influence.","Cousin Margaret is married, though of this you have probably already been informed. She is the wife of the person to whom I believe you alluded when we were at Parkersburg. Aunt would not consent to her being married at home and she was consequently married at Uncle William Neale's.","The weather here is very warm and the ground is quite dry.","What news have you from the letter containing the drafts. I wish you would let me know as soon as convenient, whether there is any hopes of getting possession of them. Let me hear from you as soon as convenient.","John Gittings is doing very well.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 25th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter has come safe to hand and I am glad to learn that you are enjoying as many blessings as still fall to your lot. I hope that by the time of the receipt of this that the children will all be in perfect health.","George Lurty has been here for about two weeks. He and Mr. Harrison (son of Wm. Harrison of Clarksburg) design taking a course of law lectures this winter under Judge Brockenbrough.1   George is a young man of very fine mind, and I hope that he will acquit himself with much credit this winter. A young Mr. Stribling from Point Pleasant is also here. He is brother to the Miss S. of whom I presume you have ","1Now, Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, Virginia. heard cousin Harriet Murdoc frequently speak. Cousin Harriet I regard as being one of the sweetest ladies with whom I have ever met. I wish that we could be together frequently. I hope that she will make a visit next summer to this most beautiful of places. How sweet it is to meet with congenial spirits!","I wish that you would forward me the checks by the first mail as I am in need of them. The peaches have not yet come to hand but as soon as they do I will forward them without delay.","I weighed yesterday one hundred and seventy two pounds and a fraction. This is six pounds more than any former weight. My health has much improved and I hope that through the blessings of God, I will ultimately enjoy perfect health. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A and family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 11, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has been received with its enclosures, but it had brought sorrow to my heart to learn that you health is unusually delicate. My dear sister, my concern for you is great. This concern is not restricted to you whilst in this world, but it extends into the unending future, and my continual prayer is that you will return into the fold of God. My dear sister, if you will but seek God in the bible conditions he will give you peace and comfort while all the powers on Earth can not de[liver] and the hopes of a coming immor[tality] will make all the ills of life supportable under every circumstance. Your mother prayed for you and I believe that the same may be said of your brother Warren. And can it be that the prayers of them and myself united, will not be heard by \"Our Father in Heaven.\" I fear that you concern yourself too much about the things of this life. ","I expect that you have probably been devoting too much care to the articles which you spoke of forwarding to me. Now do not think any more about me in relation to them, but bear in mind that I have plenty of everything except health and that this has much improved.","I hope that health will return to you with all of its blessings. I have written twice to cousin Harriet since we parted. I do think her one of the sweetest ladies. I wish that I could be in her society more frequently than circumstances will permit.","We have had a lovely fall in this portion of the state. My kindest regards to Mr. Arnold's family, all inquiring friends.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. This morning I fired ten guns from the Battery of Artillery in commemoration of the origin of the Institute. This day, thirteen years it went into operation and it is now in a very flourishing condition, so much so that we cannot accommodate all the applications.","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 11th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has received the perusal of a brother and I hope that though ill health is your present lot, that notwithstanding, you will continue a buoyancy of spirits and not give way to surrounding troubles. I too am a man of trouble, yet let the oppressing load be ever so great it never sinks me beneath its weight.","I trust that this will find you improving if not well. Our session will have its semi-annual examination in the early part of the coming January. When did you last hear from Cousin Harriet Murdoc. A cadet from Point Pleasant tells me that she had been there on a visit, but that she has returned home.","Lexington has been very gay for some time back, owing to the marriage of one of the daughters of the late Governor McDowell. The weather is quite inclement at present.","You must talk to Thomas and Grace for me and tell them that their uncle frequently thinks of them and that he would be very glad to have them with him. But that he does not like bad children and always talk to them for me in such a manner as to make them better. I suppose that you have heard of Cousin Margaret Neale's marriage.","I am very busy this winter with studying and hearing recitations, having not only to prepare on Natural Philosophy and Artillery, but to be in the section room three and four hours per day additional. My spare time is given to reading and to other sources of improvement.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that ere this your health has improved and that the returning spring will reanimate your feelings, and suggest the idea that it is but the symbol of the endless beauties and enjoyments of the world to come. The passage of Scripture from which I have derived sufficient support whenever applied is in the following words \"acknowledge God in all thy ways and he shall direct thy paths.\" What a comfort is this!","My Dear Sister, it is useless for men to tell me that there is no God, and that his benign influence is not to be experienced in prayer, when it is offered in conformity to the Bible. For some time past, not a single day has passed by without my feeling his hallowing presence whilst at my morning prayers. I endeavor to live in accordance with the above passage which means as I understand it, in all thy ways acknowledge God and he shall take care of you in all respects.","What better protector can we desire that one who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent and who hath promised that he will take care of us in all things, and in addition to all this the pledge coming from One who cannot lie.","Our weather here has been quite cold for sometime back, but at present it is very beautiful; too much so to be of long duration I fear. Persons I believe have generally filled their ice houses.","I rather begin to despair of the peaches as I have not seen a dry one to my recollection since returning home.","You remember that during the past summer I was very much reduced in flesh, at present I have more than desirable and sometimes endeavor to reduce it, but the nervousness with which I have been so much troubled and the disagreeableness of cold feet induce me to adhere to the indulgence of the palate. But my dishes are very plain: generally brown bread is the principle article for Breakfast and Tea and sometimes I probably do not taste meat for more than a month and I have not to my recollection used any other drink than cold water since my return home, and hope that such may continue to be the case.","I heard from Judge Allen a few days since: Cousin Mary is well, one of her daughters is rather ill. I met the daughter at the Alum Springs during the past summer. She is a beautiful girl.","Though I desire to hear from you frequently; yet I never wish to do so when there doing so, requires that your eyes should be tasked. To know that you are destroying or endangering the happiness of yourself, and those around you, produces more pain than the receipt of a letter cam compensate for.","Cousin Harriet Murdock was well when her last letter was written. A letter from her is daily expected.","Your Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nTime as it passes brings me to the renewal of the pleasant duty of writing to my sister, though there is nothing here of which I am aware that can be of interest to you, beyond what may be felt in an only brother. Let pleasure result from the mere act of writing to you. Our lives have been checkered in a most marked manner and we are still, notwithstanding all the ill omens of our youth, living even beyond the usual period of human life and I trust that before us are the brightest of our days. In taking a retrospective view of my own life, each year has opened as I consider, with increased promise and with my present views, the future is holding richer stores in reserve. Could you only believe with myself then would you also bear the present with patience and look forward to the future with a calm serene and pleasurable delight.","I too have crosses, and am at times deeply afflicted! But however sore may be the trials they lose their poignancy, and instead of producing injury I feel that I am but improved by the ordeal. But how is this accomplished? By throwing myself upon the protection of him, whose law book is the wonderful Bible. My dear sister I would not part with this book for countless universes. I feel ready to make every sacrifice to carry out the will of him who so loved us, as to give his only begotten son to die for me. How exceedingly great must have been that love!","The more I learn, the more dear does the precious volume appear to me. O Sister, if you would only pray! If you would only become religious! I derive much pleasure from morning walks, in which is to be enjoyed the pure sweetness of caroling birds.","The weather is delightful at present, and our peach trees are beginning to bloom, and in the course of a few more weeks, the forests will be clad with verdure.","Judge Brockenbrough's law school has closed its session and George Lurty has returned home; after having passed a profitable winter. If he will only make the best of his facilities, a brilliant career may be expected as his reward. He possesses talents of a high order.","I have not heard from Cousin Harriet for a long time. It appears she has forgotten me.","Sometime since, Cousin Sylvanus wrote to me, and stated that he was at home, but expected in a few days to leave for the west. Talk to the children for me as I would were I with you. Remember me very kindly to the whole family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Rockbridge County, Va. \nApril 15th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nOur spring is opening beautifully, though it is said to be late. I wish that I could only be with you this evening, ah! Not this evening only, but many evenings. I am invited to a large party to night and among the scramble, expect to come in for my share of fun. My health is still improving and in a few months through the blessing of an all kind providence, I hope to be well, at least so much as people usually are.","I wish that you would send me by the return mail the daguerreotype which I had taken in New York after having shaved. The one with the beard on, was taken at New Orleans soon after my return from Mexico. This last one I wish you to keep safely as I prize it highly. If you remember, I gave you two others one being taken with a stern countenance, and the other with a smile, it is the smiling one which I want and don't fail to send it well enveloped, by the first mail. If you wish it to be returned, I will try and do so in a few months or else a better one in its stead; as I think your brother is a better looking man than he was when that was taken. It may be that you have not got the one which I had taken with the beard on, if not it is lost. I am anxious to get Father's, in order to have a facsimile of it taken, but do not trust it to the mail. I believe you let Cousin Harriet have the grim looking one, which I gave you, ungrateful girl that she is. I am going to write to her in a few days such a letter as such conduct in a pretty cousin merits.","I hope that you are out of bed, and able to enjoy the comforts of domestic life. Kiss the children and tell them a great many things such as their uncle would tell him were he in their company.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends. Should any person be coming here, I would be glad to get my Blair's Rhetoric.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 6th 1853","My Dearest \u0026 only Sister, \nYour melancholy letter has brought tears to my eyes. Yet I would never have you conceal anything from me because of the pain which it may cause me. If your health is really as you state, I would rather know it. My dearest sister, with tears in my eyes and a heart devoted to my God, I look into the future beyond the limits of this transient life of care; and see the dark gloom which is to exist throughout infinite duration. That whilst I am \"to shine like a star in the firmament for ever and forever,\" you are to be assigned to unending misery.","What my dear sister is this life, and all its joys, compared to that which is to come. How happy would I be did I but know that beyond this probationary life we should be together for ever more, there with those who have gone before us, to enjoy endless happiness. My sister, do reflect upon my course of life, think and see if I have ever erred since arriving at mature age, and then consider how I could ever have been satisfied of the truth of the Gospel; unless it is true. Have I ever erred in the affairs of this life? Remember too what strong irreligious influences have been brought to bear on me and yet in spite of all opposing obstacles, I am one of the most devoted of Christians.","Will you not have some faith in the prayers of a dying mother \u0026 brother? My dearest sister, do throw yourself into the hands of God. Throw yourself upon his mercy, repent of your sins and believe that the father will accept your prayers, and forgive your transgressions, for the sake of his son's merits. Remember that he hath said that they who come unto him he will in nowise cast off.","I shall leave here as soon as my vacation shall permit and hope to be with you by the 12 of July if not before. I had designed making you a visit this summer, but did not know whether it would be before or after my return from the North. I have business which calls me to New York City this summer and I was desirous of going some more distant places.","You speak of Dr. Bosworth's son. I wish that it was in my power to do him a service but being here as Professor, I ought not to abuse my trust in any way. I wrote to the Doctor in reference to his son, but I believe omitted to state that in his letter to the superintendent of the Institute he should state that he was unable to educate his son himself. When he calls to see you, I wish that you would mention this to him \u0026 also tell him that Col. Samuel L. Hayes is on the new Board of Visitors for your place.","I most sincerely hope that his son will get the appointment and if there is anything which I can do for him consistent with my duty as Professor, it shall be done with a great deal of pleasure.","Your brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAugust 3rd, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI arrived here yesterday in good health, and expect to leave for the North this evening, via Lexington. There are about five hundred visitors here at present, and the accommodations are nearly exhausted, and in a few days it is quite possible that persons from necessity will be turned off. I hope that Stark has quite recovered. Remember me very kindly to all the family, and to all other enquiring relatives and friends. Say to Mrs. [Hillie/Hellee] that I saw Judge Brockenbrough, but that as he is not a Freemason, I shall try elsewhere. I expect to be in Staunton tomorrow and hope to be able to find some influential Mason there who will attend promptly to the business. I endeavored to do so when coming through Staunton, but did not succeed. I intend to press the matter until some definite action shall have been taken upon the subject.","Say to Dr. Bosworth that I saw John1 yesterday, and that he was well with the exception of a sore leg. I asked him if he had written home, and he said that he had not done so, that he did not wish to, because of his leg being sore. I advised him to write and say nothing about his leg as it would be better to let them hear from him, though he should say nothing in respect to this. His leg did not appear to trouble him much, he was going about the encampment and did not appear much lame. He told me that he would write. If you should say anything to the Doctor about John's leg, tell him to have no concern about it. But probably it would be best to say nothing about the subject of health. I am scarce of paper. Tell Miss Eliza that she must be on the look out for something in relation to me, and in reference to which she called my attention.","Your brother, \nThomas","Say to Doctor Bosworth that I did not hand in the list for John, because of its having already been done.","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 19th, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nSometime since when Mr. Tanner the Daguerreian was passing through here on his way to Beverly, I availed myself of his kindness to send you and Grace and Thomas the little purchases which I made last summer and I hope that they reached you safely. I should have sent Father's miniature also, but upon reflection thought it would be better to defer doing so until a more favorable opportunity should present itself. I hope that Mr. Tanner called to see you, he is a very worthy person and one in whose integrity I have much confidence. The weather here is beautiful and I am enjoying like. To me my wife is a great source of happiness. She has those requisites of which I used to speak to you, and sends her love to you. Tell Mrs. [Hillie] that I have not yet learned the result  result of the application; but that it shall be followed up until some answer shall be obtained.","In my last letter, I spoke of being in Philadelphia. We remained there from Saturday until Monday, when we proceeded to West Point where I was delighted with my easy associations: The beautiful plains, the frowning ruins of Fort Putnam, the majestic river, and magnificent scenery all conspired to enhance my happiness which had already been of a high order. The ladies1 also were much pleased with it.","After remaining there until about 12 o'clock next day, we resumed out route for Niagara Falls. This of all natural curiosities is the most sublime and imposing which has ever come under my observation. We put up at the Cataract House, which is on the American side, and the next morning crossed over to Goat's Island which separates the Falls into two parts, that point on the East of the Island is called the Transcript\nAmerican Falls and that on the West side the Canadian. The latter is much the larger, by reason of the greater quantity of water which passes down on this side of the island. The Canadian falls are called the horseshoe falls from their resemblance to a horseshoe, the toe being up stream. When looking at this wonder of nature I desired to be left to my own interrupted thoughts, it lulls the mind and forbids interruption, it calls on the mind for its entire and undivided contemplation. More of this in my next. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. the family and all enquiring friends \u0026 relatives.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 30th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that upon the receipt of this that you will be induced to break your long silence. Do not think that because I am married that I would not be glad to receive a letter from you. I am going to the wedding of one of my old bachelor friends this evening. His name is Massie1, a graduate of the Va. Mil. Institute; the lady is Miss Sophonisba B. McDowell, daughter of the late governor McDowell.","At present my health is influenced by a cold in the head; but to such things in my own case, I attach but little importance, for with care they are dissipated in a few days. My wife is in good health, and sends her love to you \u0026 the family.","Things here are working smoothly, the weather is fine, and I am much pleased with the coming prospects. Give my love to Mr. A. and the rest of the family. Tell Mrs. Hillie that I saw the gentleman to whom I made application in her case, but a few days since, and that he that he had not been able to do anything for her as yet, but on account of the recent expenses of the lodge; but that he was certain that he would get twenty dollars at least, and that he would be in Richmond this winter, and that he would bring her case before the grand lodge of the State. But tell her not to be too sanguine about success for fear that she may be disappointed. In my opinion, something will be done for her, but how much it is impossible to say.","I believe that at the close of my last letter I was making some remarks upon Niagara, and I had probably finished them. After leaving there, we proceeded in a carriage down the Niagara River for a few miles to Lewiston, where we took a steamer and proceeded to cross Lake Ontario on our way to the St. Lawrence River, and at dawn the next morning we were around a cluster of islands called the thousand islands, which present an extremely beautiful aspect and they are probably a thousand in number, some almost covered by bare and rugged rocks and crops and the other beautifully varied with forests of Northern growth. I enjoyed the scene much! Very much! During the day, we passed through the perilous rapids of that remarkable river. In passing one of them we took on board a special pilot of large an athletic dimensions. After thus passing a very pleasant day, we arrived safely at Montreal. To be remembered to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends is the request of your only brother, \nThomas ","P.S. You may form some idea of one of the rapids from the circumstance that though we were on a high decked steamer, yes the spray was thrown extremely over her prow and so as to fall upon her deck.","Lexington, Va. \nFebruary 14th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour long looked for letter arrived at last. I am much pleased at having another niece and hope that she may prove as pretty and interesting as Grace. I hope that you may not have a return of the sore mouth, but that better health may bless you than in past years.","It is very singular that Mr. Tanner neglected to give you the things entrusted to him, possibly he changed his route after having seen me and did not pass through Beverly.","I wish that I could get Tom some suitable books here. I may have an opportunity of getting some by the time that any person from this place goes to Beverly.","I send you a lock of Ellie's hair which she reluctantly parts with because of its color, which she hopes may prove more acceptable to your taste than it has ever been to hers. My message to you is that you must prize it very highly as being the token of a sister's love and from a brother's wife.","Send us a lock from your hair and also one from Grace. Tell her to give me the prettiest she has so that I may look at it when I am so far off that I cannot see her pretty face. Tell her furthermore that I have told her Aunt that Grace is very pretty \u0026 her conduct much as good as her face.","I have not yet heard of any money being collected for Mrs. Hillie and I feel uneasy about it; yet I have strong reassurances that something will be done, and I shall press the matter until a definite answer shall have been obtained, and the result I will inform Mrs. Hillie of immediately. Ellie joins me in love to you and the family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 4th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter was gladly received, and read. Permit me to congratulate myself on being the Uncle of another niece as pretty as Grace. I hope that you will accept my kindest congratulations and give the same to Mr. Arnold. As yet I have heard nothing of Mr. Tanner.","I hope that Mrs. Hillie is improving in health. I am anxious about her claim, no recent account has been given me in reference to it. Should nothing be reported to me before summer, I shall go to Staunton in person and see about it. Until that time my occupation requires me to be at the Institute.","We have recently been called to mourn the death of my mother-in-law, she without any apparent uneasy concern passed in to that unseen world where the weary are at rest. Her life was such as to attract around her many warm friends, and if she had any enemy in this world it was and continues to be a secret to me. Hers was a Christian life and hers was a Christian death. She had been afflicted with rheumatism for several months previous to the close of her life and on Saturday preceding her death she had the return of hernia which had formerly afflicted her. On the 23rd of February about 3 o'clock P.M. her husband told her that her end had come. She asked how long she could live and he told her two or three hours, and although the Physicians had the same day pronounced her symptoms favorable, she appeared perfectly reconciled. She said that she was not afraid to die and that she found Jesus precious to her soul. [text at left margin] She asked us to kiss her and told her children to live near to Jesus and to be kind to one another. When asked by one her daughters what they should do without her, she replied that the Lord would provide. She was strongly attached to her family and [they] to her; yet she appeared to have no concern about what would become of herself or family, such was her complete confidence in the promises of the Bible. She felt assured that God would provide for her family and she felt that she was going to her saviour, with whom she expected to enjoy unending happiness. Her death was no leaping into the dark. She died with the bright hope of an unending immortality of happiness.","My sister, Oh! That you could thus live, then might you thus die. Do you not remember how much you are concerned about your children when you apprehend the approach of a dying hour. Do my sister turn to God and cast all your care in Jesus. I believe that you had our Mother's and Warren's prayers and now you have mine, and more than mine. My Dear Sister, do seek religion.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family, my wife sends her love also.","Remember me to all enquiring relations and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 7th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nAs I received your letter day before yesterday, and was desirous of answering it by the return mail, I could only say a few words. I am not certain whether the physician mentioned in your letter, was the same I have heard of as the lecturer in the North, or not; if he is, as I before stated, I should not much admire his character, though he might be a good doctor notwithstanding. Yet I would not like such a man for my physician, if I could get a good physician whose moral character would receive my approbation. If this is not the lecturer, I know nothing about him.","I hope that by the time you receive this that your health will have much improved. But my sister, be that as it may, do turn to God, and obey the teachings of the Bible. If you do not believe its teachings at least obey its doctrines and I believe that God will give you faith. Make but the effort, and resolve to do what it teaches to the close of life, and then you may expect death to be disrobed of its terrors. Remember that you have your brother's prayers, and I hope those of several members of my wife's family, and I believe that you also received the prayers of our Mother and Brother.","I received a letter a few days since from Aunt Clementine Neale. She and Uncle Alford had been south to see Uncle Thornton and Wirt, but a short time before they reached Uncle Thornton's Wirt had gone to California. She tells me that Wirt is a very tall man, and that Uncle Thornton has a very high opinion of him. Uncle Minor's wife lost her last husband in New Orleans some months since and she is consequently again thrown upon her father's protection. I have also received a letter from Uncle John White; his health has improved and that of his family is generally good. Uncle George White's family at last account was well.","My dear sister do try and follow your Brother's council now and remember that this letter is prayed over by him, that it may be the means of your eternal happiness. Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA \nApril 11th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nLast night I received a letter from Uncle John White, in which the states that Uncle Madison is not willing to have Uncle Cummins' property sold so far as to pay off his (Cummins) debts and that Madison is opposed to having the mills rented out again, but is trying to get them into his own hands, and he already had got the negroes from Jacob Jackson. Uncle John thinks that the property ought to be sold so far as to pay off Uncle Cummins' debts and the remainder to be divided among the heirs, and I think that such is the proper course. He offers to do the best he can for you and me provided we wish him to do so. I have offered to give him my interest as an heir because I was afraid that in going to law I might spend more than my interest would be worth. I wish you would let Uncle John know whether he shall do anything for you or not. I hope that by this time all is well with you. Ellie joins me in love to yourself and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI have in vain waited for your reply to several letters; if you can not write barely enclose me your card or anything to tell me that you are still among the living. Doctor White left your presents for me with a friend of mine and they have come safely to hand and for which I am much obliged. I regret that he did not call and see me or at least let me know of his being in town in order to give me an opportunity of seeing him and it would have given me an opportunity of returning father's miniature. I have not seen Mr. Tanner since he passed through Beverly; but I suppose that he delivered to you some books for Thomas.","Tell Mrs. Hilley that I have not been able to get anything for her as yet, but that the necessary steps have been taken and that we must await the result which she shall be made acquainted with.","I am a candidate for the Professorship of Mathematics in the University of Va. I am well pleased with my present position, yet the other is more desirable both by reason of its being more prominent, and its being about three thousand dollars. The professor is elected by the Board of Visitors for the University of Va.","We have had some very cold weather here during the past few days but at present it is very fine.","My wife has had the left side of her face partially [paralyzed]1","Your brother, \nThomas","P.S. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and inquiring relations and friends. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nMay 2nd 1854","My Dear Sister, \nI chanced to be at the Hotel yesterday when Doctor White was passing through town and was much pleased at meeting him; it served to some extent the purpose of seeing you; as I thereby had an opportunity of seeing someone who had recently been with my sister. He told me that you had written to me and after the Post Office had opened I received your letter. The mass of which you speak I would send to you, had the Doctor not have procured it before seeing me, he told me that he had found it in the shop of some doctor as he was coming to Lexington. Should you wish any more at any time, let me know and I will procure it for you. I do hope that little Tom is free from that dreadful disease the scrofula. I trust that your apprehensions may prove groundless but it always best to be wide awake, and not permit ourselves to be taken by surprise.","I hope that your health may continue to improve. The poor little Babe what can be the matter with it? I suppose that it is difficult to decide in so young a child, but let us hope for the better while we continue to be prepared for the worst.","Ellie's face has not yet entirely recovered; but I am of the opinion that time will effect a perfect restoration.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all enquiring relatives and friends. Tell Thomas and the other children, that I love them, and that they must be good children. Ellie joins me in love to you all.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. Tell Thomas that I am sorry that he is sick, and that I wish that I could do something for him. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 12th, 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour sorrowful letter came safe. Your loss is one which I have never been called upon to bear up under; I can well conceive of the tender union which is thus sundered. You have my sympathy [note 1] and I wish I could point you successfully to the source of consolation. I have [entrusted?] the hair to Ellie's keeping. I am not certain that we will be able to come to Beverly this summer; though, should we do so, I will write to you before hand. I am glad to hear that the other children are doing so well. Enclosed is the ribbon. I hope that it will please you, it was the prettiest that Ellie could find. Should there be any other article that I can procure you, it will give me pleasure to do so. I am not certain about my election; but be the result as it may, my friends have acted nobly in my cause.  [note 2] I am very much pressed at this time with studies and letter writing; though a few more weeks will close our session. Tell Doctor B. that his son is in good health. All of my wife's family are at home now, with the exception of one brother, who is in Pa. One of her brothers who is a lawyer in Philadelphia has brought home his bride; having married last Thursday.","I am endeavoring to get an answer about Mrs. Hilley's money: and if I do not get it soon I shall go and see about it in person, and will have the matter settled either one way or the other. Remember me to her and to all my other friends.","Your brother \nT. J. Jackson \nRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to my other relations. \nTJJ","[Note 1 - Reference to the death of Laura's infant daughter, Laura Zell Arnold (b. Dec. 1853 d. May 1854).]\n[Note 2 - Reference to Jackson's pending application for a professorship at the University of Virginia. Shortly after this letter was written, the University's Board awarded the position to another candidate.]","My Dear Sister, \nEllie \u0026 myself hope to be with you this day week (Saturday).","I wish you would say to Mrs. Hillie that I have failed in my efforts to procure her any assistance. I much regret this. I do not know of any person belonging to the Staunton Lodge who would have been more likely of success than Mr. Watts, the gentleman to whom I entrusted it.\nYour Brother Thomas ","My dear Laura, \nThe Major is so busy with his duties at the Institute that he has commissioned me to finish this letter for him. Indeed, I have scarcely seen him today. He wishes me to say to you that he hopes you will not exert yourself by making any preparations to receive us; he does not want you to weary yourself or injure your health on our account. The weather is so extremely warm just now that we quite fear the ride in stage, but we hope to find it cooler further among the mountains.\nYours affect. \nEllie Jackson","Excuse this hasty note as I am much pressed with business. Mr. Bledsoe of Kentucky was elected at the University to the chair for which I was a candidate.","Healing Springs, Va. \nJuly 24th 1854","My dear Laura, \nWe intended to have written last week to you concerning our journey and safe arrival here, but it was postponed from day to day as such things often are. The journey over the mountains was exceedingly tiresome to me, as the road over the Cheat Mt. had been newly macadamized \u0026 the load was heavy for two horses. We had a very agreeable companion","[at top of page]","The Major says they did not know when they would make any mass at the Bath Alum, but he says if you want it he will direct them to send you a keg of it, but he expects the transportation will cost a good deal. companion with us, whose vivacity and intelligence beguiled our way very much. His name was Henry O. Middleton \u0026 he is a great land owner \u0026 speculator. Much of his talk was about land. It was nine o'clock when we reached Monterey and we left it at two in the morning, so we did not have very much rest-- but by lying down on the seat with my head on the Major's knees \u0026 Mr. Middleton's overcoat for a pillow I rested somewhat \u0026 did not feel the jolting so terribly as I did sometimes. At Yager's where we dined, they had according to the Major's request a fine dish of trout and I can assure you we did full justice to them. We did not go all the way to Staunton on Saturday, but stopped 15 miles short of it at Dudley's. From there the landlord brought us over to Oakland on the other turnpike. There we stayed over Sunday and on Monday evening we took the stage again. That night we slept at Cloverdale \u0026 the next day we came on here, stopping to breakfast at the Bath Alum.","The Major inquired there for the mass according to your wish but they had none and were making none. There were very few visitors there.","We reached these Springs about noon on Tuesday. A good many people have come since we did and now I suppose there are 50 or 60 here. The water is disagreeably warm to drink, but is very pleasant to bathe in. I drink about 5 glasses a day \u0026 the Major drinks more. They keep an excellent table and we get the very nicest brown bread, plenty of venison \u0026 other meat and twice they had tomatoes, but they were brought from Richmond. They have been examining my face this morning \u0026 I think it is a little improved.  I let the water run over it when I was in the bath. The Major thinks the water is doing him good. He joins with me in sending love to you \u0026 the children \u0026 compliments to Mr. Arnold.","Yours Affect.\nE.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 14th 1854","My dear sister \nYou must excuse this short letter and also my not having written to you at an earlier day, for my eyes have become so bad as to make me very careful with them. You wrote to me that should your health not prevent your coming to see me that I might have expected your arrival several days since. I went to the Hotel to see whether you had attempted such a journey. Though I would like to see you, and appreciate your very sisterly affection, yet I would not like for you to attempt coming over such a road, with all its harassments, so do not attempt it. When my next vacation vacation will enable me to leave (which I cannot do now without neglecting my duties) I trust that God will again permit me to see your face.","My Dear Ellie thought to pass over the stage route from here to Beverly was a hard undertaking for her. After she returned home she was pleased with her visit. She has now gone on a glorious visit though through a gloomy portal. Her companion are of the glorified Host. I look forward with delight to the day when I shall join her. Religion is all that I desire it to be. I am reconciled to my loss and have joy in hope of a future reunion where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest. I am much obliged to you for you kind desire to come and stay with Ellie.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lex. Va. \nFeby 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI have learned with pleasure that your health has improved and I hope that you may not for many a day to come {need} any more medicine. I have gone to both of our book stores but in neither one could be found the books which you require. If you desire it and will let me know I will get one of our merchants when in Philadelphia next month to get them if they are to be had. The spelling book is here but the others I doubt whether they will ever be here unless specially ordered.","I have just written to Wirt I to have done so some time since but have been prevented by my eyes. He is at Mount Vernon Indiana where he recently returned from California. He saw hard times and was glad to get back even with his life, though he brought some money $340 dollars.","My eyes are improving but still I have to be careful with them, the spots continue to float before them. I am obliged to you for your kind suggestion not to hurt them even in writing to you. Maggie has been in Philadelphia for about three months for her health. Is there anything of Dear Ellie's which you would like to have, her pencil, her glasses or anything else?","Love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, Thomas.","[Note: the last page of this document contains a handwritten copy of a letter not in our collection]","Lexington Va \nJanuary 24th 1854","My Dear Sister \nMy eyes have improved so that I hope to be able sometim next month to write you a letter.  I received your letter yesterday.  Maggie is in Philadelphia.","Your affectionate \nbrother Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI sometime since received a letter from Wirt in which he stated that he was at Uncle Alfred Neales, and that he intended going to your house as soon as the weather should settle. He requested me to answer him immediately directing my letter to him at Beverly. I at once replied and I suppose that the letter has reached its destination ere this. He writes a good hand and a sensible letter. He expresses his intention of going to California or his desire to do so. This I","[text below continues from page 4; it appears on the left and top margins of page 1]","here but I am unable to select for fear that you may have them or that they may not suit your taste. Remember me very kindly to Wirt when he arrives, to Mr. A., to all the family and to all enquiring friends and relatives.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","hope he will relinquish. I am inclined to the belief that he would probably do as well by making Civil Engineering his profession as at any thing else to which he could turn his attention under present circumstances. But of this I can not speak definitely. He must judge of this for himself. Try and get him to stay with you if you can, until I come and get him to study arithmetic \u0026 geography and history: and for this purpose lend him Rollin's ancient history. If Wirt will study Latin I will give him lessons during the summer and put him in the way of learning it so that he can teach Thomas.","I will also if he will consent to do so give him instruction in the different sciences, of Algebra, Geometry and in Engineering and other branches of necessary education and bring with me the necessary books. If he thinks that it will take up too much time for a perfect education, he can take enough for an Engineer in the course of a few months. He can then commence the practice on some of our internal improvements. I have an idea that he might succeed well in this sphere of life. He could whilst practicing his profession make himself a good historian, but it would be the safer plan to get a good education before he commences the practice of the profession.","I hope that for the present Wirt will conclude to teach and then he can as he progresses with his education decide on his profession. I am anxious to know as soon as practicable his determination. I think that the plan of staying in Beverly and taking up a school is the proper one for him if all things are favorable to it, so far as obtaining Mr. Arnold's approbation and a moderate school. I send you two styles of writing but I would not advise the use of but one. If you will let me know which you have selected I can send you [some] others when wanted.","I bought four papers of seed, but can only find three. If you will name the kind of seed you want I think that I can probably get them for there is a variety","[end of letter appears in margin on page 1] ","Lex. Va. \nApril 4th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 30th ult. And Thomas' came by this days mail. I feared from what I recently heard that Wirt's mind had not entirely recovered. And as such appears to be the case from your letter, it might be dangerous for him to be closely confined. He told me in his letter that he was not qualified for any occupation except farming and that he did not have the means for this. I therefore make two offers to him. One is to purchase the farm worth a thousand dollars and let him go on it, and have all that he can make. The other is the system of education which I have already stated to you. Now if you can let him know this in such a manner as to be acceptable to him, I wish you to do so. If you think that such can not be done, then let me know it. He ought not to feel hurt at any assistance which I offer to give him, because he is my brother. Should he conclude to go on the farm, I want him to read during his spare time and having a good memory he can become a good historian. Should he prefer going on a farm, I think it would be well to select one in such a position as will enable him easily to dispose of his produce. He might in a few years be able to refund the money used. I would not charge him any interest. I have not got a thousand dollars on hand now; but expect to have in a few months. Wirt might be looking him out a place suitable farm so that when I come West we go together and see it.","I am sorry that your eyes are so much impaired, but hope that they will be better before this reaches you. I would recommend you to fill a basin full of water and put your face under the water and hold your eyes open in it as long as you can hold your breath. Just do this once whenever your eyes are very painful. This is the course which I am now pursuing. I do it about six times a day in cold water \u0026 the water should be as cold as when just drawn from the well or taken from the river. My eyes are quite bad at present. Don't write but make Thomas do it for you. I would be glad if Wirt would write to me. Tell Thomas that I shall answer his letter in a few days and that I am very thankful to him for it. Tell him that I am much pleased with his good spelling. I sent the primer and reader by the last mail. Give my love to all and the family and Wirt.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas ","Lexington, Va. \nJune 1st, 1855","My Dear Sister, \nDay before yesterday, I received a letter from Wirt written, at Uncle Alfred's. he says that his health had improved and that he ploughed nearly all the preceding day. He also stated that there is a school a short distance below the Island, and that he wants to go to school there when his health is sufficiently reestablished. He says that he likes Mr. Arnold \"very much\" and that you treated him \"like a brother.\" I am pleased with his letter, and if he continues at Uncle Alfred's, I want to visit him this summer. I should not for a moment suspect from his composition that his mind was injured. He speaks plainly and sensibly.","I hope that before this, you have recovered at least the usual use of your eyes and that all things are moving on pleasantly. How is Thomas getting along with his studies?","This a rainy day here, but is rather brighter that it was early in the morning. I have received the railing for dear Ellie's grave and this summer expect to take steps for the Tomb stones to be brought from Philadelphia. I intend to have them of Italian marble. The iron railing is neat and when I put it up it will be about three feet high.","Pure and lovely companion of my happier days, I feel that she has entered upon the blissful enjoyment of which the human mind cannot have a clear conception. Ere many long years roll by I hope to be with her, where there will be no more separation. We loved each other on Earth and shall that love be diminished in eternity I do not believe it, but on the contrary will be greatly enhanced. Had I one request on Earth to ask in accordance with my own feelings and apart from duty it would be that I might join her before the close of another day after this. I have many pleasures here, but I believe that there are greater in reserve beyond this life.","If you want me to bring any thing in July, let me know in your next.","Give me love to all the family \u0026 to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 18th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter post marked 10th Inst. came a few days after I had written to Mr. Watts of Staunton in reference to Mrs. Hilley and he tells me in his reply that the grand lodge could not do any thing for want of Jurisdiction and that the Staunton Lodge could not give assistance for want of funds. A recent house built by this lodge  has prevented any aid from this source. Mr. W. said \"We have purchased a very fine lodge room at a heavy expense, and all the means we can well share must go to pay for it.\" So you see how hopeless the case is. Say to Mrs. Hilley that I much regret this issue of the application. I had hoped that something would have been done, but as the Staunton and the grand lodges have both failed, I don't see that any thing is to be hoped for in this section of the state.","Julia last week purchased two collars for you but she could not find a suitable belt. I afterwards went in search of one, but with a similar result. There are plenty of them, but not such as please me, so I intend postponing the purchase until I reach Staunton. I could get a bonnet but I am afraid that it would get broken. I shall think it over when I am in Staunton. The [shawl] I have had no opportunity as yet of sending for. I shall try and bring you some slips from dear Ellie's flowers.","It will give me much pleasure to teach Thomas while I am with you. I have a few old clothes which I will take with me. I much obliged for your kindness in reference to the shirts but don't let any thing be touched until I see you.","Wirt has not written since your last.","Remember me very kindly to Mrs. Hilley \u0026 to Miss El[illegible] and to other enquiring friends.","Give my love to all the family. I hope that Aunt and Cousin John's health have improved.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Uncle Alfred's \nAugust 10th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nThe object of this note is to state that I was prevented from going on the Hall place. But I learned that she there are 637 1/2 acres to be sold on the 20th of this month. This land is composed of the Hall place, the School Croft place \u0026 the Thorpe place, none of which I wish to purchase. It is estimated that it will go at from three to five thousand dollars \u0026 is by all regarded as valuable property.","As my eyes continue weak you must excuse this brief letter. Wirt sends his love \u0026 thanks for the articles of clothing and says that he wants you to write to him, that he has only received that one short note from you though he has written several letters. Uncle's family are in usual health.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nSept. 3rd 1855","My Dear Sister, \nAs my eyes are still troubling me, you must excuse this brief note. I left Wirt on Thursday of week before last with the understanding that he would start for Missouri on the following Monday. There he designed going to farming on some land of mine which I am to purchase. He is to have some more schooling after he gets located, and I hope that he will do well. He was troubled about the promise which he made to you of paying you a visit. I advised him to go at once and select some place where he would like to live and that I would write to you. It was important that he should as soon as practicable get fixed in some pursuit. His mind was unsettled and flying from thing to thing, and it appears that the course he was prevailed on to take is the best for him. He had learned but very little at school previous to my going to the River. But with the start I gave him in grammar I hope that he will become a good grammarian. I want him to study spelling writing and grammar. I hope that you will write to me soon approving his course and excusing him from his promise. I feet well satisfied that you would do so when I counseled him at once to locate himself. Give my love to all the family.","Your affectionate brother","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter to Wirt appears to have had a good influence on him such as to induce him to relinquish his idea of returning to Indiana. Yet he has gone beyond what I authorized him to do by purchasing a farm at eight dollars per acre. I restricted him to seven at most. But notwithstanding if Cousin Wm. Neale will approve of the bargain I have determined to advance eleven hundred dollars. I well know that there is a risk but it appears to me that I ought to run this risk for him. He made the purchase without consulting Cousin Wm. and it may be that he has been cheated. I have written to Uncle Alfred to forward between seven and eight hundred dollars if he thinks it should be done, but with the condition that the contract is to be approved by Cousin Wm. and the deed to be made out in my name. Wirt says that he has paid ninety five dollars of the purchase money by selling his horse to the person from whom he purchased.","Mr. Thomas left for home yesterday and I left at the house where he was staying a testament for him to carry to Mrs. Hilley. It may possibly be that it was not delivered to him, please let me know whether Mrs. Hilley gets it. He was not in when I left the book and he told me afterwards that he had not received it, but I requested him to ask for it before leaving.","Tell Mr. Arnold that I want to get about two thousand acres of land warrant and ask him whether he could purchase me any if I were to forward the money and at about what price does he think it can be procured. I do not want to make any purchases until after Christmas as the general impression I believe is that the price will be lower about that time, but I would like to know what it is worth now. Tell him that my intention is to let the land lay after purchasing it for a number of years without selling it and that as the lands in Kansas are less culled over than those in the free states I will for the same amount of money get better land and that Kansas will almost certainly be a free state and this will give the advantage of a free state in selling should I years hence wish to dispose of them. Ask him what he thinks of these views. Tell him that I have been told there is considerable good land in Illinois still unappropriated and if so I want to lay warrants on some of it as it must ultimately command a high price.","I hope Mr. Campbell will come on and that you will be able to keep him. Aunt Clem told me in a recent letter that soon after my leaving she was laid up from","[end of letter appears in margin of this and previous pages]","Charly \u0026 Julia took prizes.","I received Dear Ellie's tomb stones today enclosed a draft of the head stone, it has a full blown rose and a rose bud on the top. William Junkin my youngest brother-in-law is to be married tomorrow to Miss Anna Anderson a lovely a pretty girl. Our synod was a delightful assembly. Your affectionate brother.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 6th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 29th Sept. came safely and I am obliged to you for your advise in regard to Wirt, and I agree with you in regard to the course to be pursued. I had previously taken precautions against any such consequences as you refer to. My arrangement with regards to the purchase of land is this. That he should go out and make a selection of such a farm as would fulfill certain conditions, and previous to the purchase the transaction must be approved by Uncle Alfred Neale in the event of his being in Missouri at the time, if not then Cousin William Neale must approve of it. Upon complying with all the conditions, Uncle Alfred Neale is to forward endorse a note which I left in his hands and after getting the money out of the Bank to forward a check for it on [N. T.?] payable to the order of Cousin William Neale. And when the deed is made out in my name Cousin William is to pay the money. So the money is entirely beyond Wirt's control. Cousin Wm. Neale has advised Wirt to do as you recommended, viz. to raise stock \u0026 I suppose that he will do so.","When Wirt shall have purchased land, then I expect to furnish him some money to enable him to work it. This he may be able to dispose of, but I will be on my guard about entrusting him with it if there is any danger of [Will?/him?] going back to Uncle Thornton's","I am thankful to you for having written a plain letter to Wirt upon his conduct. I have received a letter from Wirt dated Sept. 19th in which he states that he had reached William Neale's but in going up the Mississippi River the boat was s[wamp?]ed and he left his berth to go forward leaving his purse under his pillow and when he returned it was gone. He says that the country is very healthy. But that improved land is worth from 25 to 30 dollars per acre. Cousin Wm. has advised him to go elsewhere and he is going to look at the lands of Johnson County. He expresses himself pleased with the country and I hope that he may do well. I do not want him to go into a free state if it can be avoided for he would probably become an abolitionist and then in the event of trouble between the N \u0026 S he would stand on one side and we on the opposite. Tell Mr. Arnold that next year I want to go West and make investments in land and would be glad could he go along and make some purchases for himself if he desires to make such.","[end of letter in margins of this and previous pages]","William Woodson says that he acknowledges his obligation to assist Wirt but that he is not able. I agree with him that land in a free state rises most rapidly. But I have a scheme on hand which I think approve of and which I will give in my next.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Nov. 3rd 1855","I wish that you would not omit to let me know Mr. Arnold's views in your next and whether he thinks that he will go with me and the prospect of buying say one thousand acres of land warrant \u0026 the price per acre.","I wrote to James Dicks a few days since, and the reference to his putting up stones at Brother Warren's grave, and I wish that you would drop him a line as soon as convenient giving the days of his birth and death. If you have my letter upon the subject of his death you may find one of the dates from it.","I got Aunt Coty Williams to go with me to Father's and our sisters graves and made arrangement with her for having the graves fixed up so far as renewing the Earth over them and I hope that before a [great while?] we shall be able to erect stones.","The Cadets have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond but are expected to be home today.","T.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nNov. 13th 1855","[fragment; only top portion exists]","...it as he was going West to buy land, and gave his note payable in two months. So your....","[fragment; only top portion exists]","-pects be applied as I originally designed. He wrote to me that he could get two hundred dollars for his bargain and if so will have done well by the purchase and sale of it again. I don't know what to do about him. I told him at the time that I made the proposition not to accept of it unless he felt it would be to his interest, and I wrote in reply to his letter expressing the advantages that Indiana offered, that if he was dissatisfied with our engagement not to consider himself bound by it.","Cousin Hardin Neale it appears is really consumptive.","Remember me very affectionately to all the family and very kindly to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nChristmas 1855","My Dear Nephew, \nYour letter has given me pleasure in various ways. I am glad to know that you can find time from your play to write me so good a letter and hope that you will write frequently. I am sorrowed that your mule should have been so unmannerly as to throw you off \u0026 even after doing this should kick you, but now since your Pa has sold him all such accidents I hope will be avoided for the future.  I remember having once been served pretty much the same way by one of those kicking creatures. It happened in this way I went with Cousin Wm. Brake whom your mother can tell you about to bring some mules home one Sunday Morning, and as I was riding down a long hill somehow or other I not only got over the mark across his shoulders but he got me over his head and jumped clear over me and way he went \u0026 from that day to this I have not been very fond of mule riding. You know they kick out to one side like a cow.","I have corrected your letter \u0026 believing that you would understand the corrections better if I returned the letter with the corrections I have concluded to return it with this. And now I am not going to look over my letter, and I expect that there are some mistakes in it \u0026 if so I wish when you read it that you would point them out to your Pa or Ma and tell me of them when you next write, and if there are many you can just correct them, and return the letter thus corrected. I hope that you will get to a good school this Winter. I saw Doctor Bosworth this morning at the Hotel or Tavern in Town. He is up paying his son John a visit during the Christmas holidays \u0026 I wish that you would go \u0026 tell Mrs. Bosworth that I saw him \u0026 tell her also that John is well.","The Doctor told me that he thought that you would have a good teacher in Town this winter. I hope that you will get enough money to buy a calf and that you will grow up to be a good \u0026 wise man.","Give much love to your Father, Mother, Grace \u0026 Stark.","Your affectionate Uncle \nThomas","Jany 14th 1856","My Dear Aunt, \nYour letter enclosing Wirt's \u0026 its accompanying bonds came safely. And in reply I would state that I even desire that my feelings may never get the better of my judgement. And certainly from all the light now before me it would be in violation of my judgement to aid Wirt until he gives evidence of being a reliable and straight forward person. Though he promised in his letters to give a portion of each to [parsing?] as I had taught him. Yet he has not so much as attempted anything in any of his letters, and it appears ","[top margin text is end of letter, see page 2]\nunless they are responsible persons. that though he promised you not to purchase the watch, yet he violated his promise to you and excused himself by saying that the man made him do so. For the present and until he satisfies me that it would be proper to give him aid I must decline doing it. But it will give me pleasure to assist whenever I can do so with the consciousness that he will do what is right.","Tell uncle that I am anxiously looking for the check from him on New York City as I want to forward funds there as soon as practicable. Much love to uncle and to all the family. Please let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate nephew, \nThomas","I return one of Wirt's papers and will return the others letter hereafter. The deed is to be made to Wirt \u0026 this not until is directly the reverse of his obligations \u0026 the time of making the deed is deferred until the last purchase money shall be paid \u0026 then if they cannot make it, there it ends unless they are responsible persons.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI expect that you have been expecting a letter for several mails as I am several mails behind my time, and acting upon the principle that late is better than never I have concluded to appropriate a portion of this afternoon to a little talk with you.","My paper you see is variegated with colors by obviously not much beautified by such acquisition. This varied appearance has resulted not from color but from the absence of color produced by spilling some nitric acid on it \u0026 it has given me about a [illegible] of the same stamp. Tell Thomas he must never give up his Latin grammar nor his English either. That if he perseveres that he may expect to find both of great use after awhile. Tell him that his uncle had to study hard for years at more difficult things than the Latin \u0026 grammar and that after he learns it, that it will all be very easy. Tell him also that I want a letter from him when he finds time to write. But he must make himself perfect master of his spelling book and grammar now when he is young and then he may expect to write correct letters, but without knowing these two books he can hardly expect to write correctly. Because all correct writing must have the words spelled correctly and written grammatically.","How is cousin John getting? I have not yet written to him, but if your next letter brings the news of his life being prolonged I think that I will try and write very soon after. My time is taken up during the day and I am afraid to write at night. But my eyes are improving. I have no recent news of Wirt at least for several weeks \u0026 I do not know where he is. The last I heard from him was through a letter written to Aunt Clem. Cousin Hardin appointed Uncle Alfred his administrator. If Cousin John is still living, give him my warm remembrances \u0026 hope that the visions of the future may grow brighter until faith is lost in reality of those joys which passeth all understanding. Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has come safely, and I am glad to learn that you are in such an exuberant flow of spirits and hope that such much may long continue.","I received, and answered your other letter in regard to the tombstones at Brother Warren's grave. But as I usually answer letters from recollection, thus saving my eyes from rereading, I forgot ","[end of letter from page 4 appears on margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","to answer that particular inquiry, but remembered it afterwards and should have answered it. In this: I wish to put stones to his grave and also to Father's \u0026 sister's, and also to Mother's if I knew certainly the spot, but it appears to me that it would be best to put all up at the same time during the coming year. But if you would prefer having Warren's put up now, write to Jas. Dicks \u0026 ask him to do so, and pay him the twelve dollars, and ask Doctor Bosworth if it will not suit him to let you have my part of the expense and let me pay it over to Colonel Smith here the same amount for him, it will save him the risk of the losing it by mail, in the event of his sending his money by mail. But should it not be convenient for the Doctor to do so, and you can spare the money until I shall have an opportunity of getting a check I will forward it to you and should there be other expenses beyond twelve dollars I will share them with you.","The congregation here to which I belong have objects to which they subscribe of much more importance to them than your Academy can be, that I am well satisfied that your application would meet with little or no favor here, and I would advise that no effort should be made. We have six annual contributions, and then certain others which are first recommended by over session, and I am well satisfied that the session would consider other objects as more demanding their recommendation than the academy. You need not be afraid of the opposing party doing anything here if they were to do so it would give me an opportunity which I would embrace if at home of urging your claims.","[end continues margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1856","My Dear Nephew, \nNow for a letter to you, but I would much rather talk to you if you were here, but as I can't talk with you I do not intend biting off my nose by delaying myself the pleasure of writing. Thanks to you for your correction of my letter. And now let us see how many errors you can find in this yours. And now let us read your letter together, and let us number the wrong words. No (1) means to exclude, you wished to tell me to receive, just the reverse of this, and should have said accept. No. 2 should begin with the capital E because the word is an adjective derived from the name of a nation. No. 3 should for the same reason begin with L. No. 4 should be piece, look in your dictionary for both words piece \u0026 peace. No. 5 wants an e at the end. I hope that your finger has perfectly recovered. I am much pleased with your letter and want you to write often. Your little sealing wax experiment had much gratified me. And now I hope that you will put all the words which I corrected for you down on a separate piece of paper and memorize them safely so that when I next visit you they can all be repeated by you, Grace and Stark.","I am glad to see them doing so well in their studies. And if you study your Latin grammar well, I think that you will be apt to like it after you become well acquainted with it. We generally like those things best which we can do the best. We usually find that the little boy who can run faster than any other boy fond of running races and the one who can read the best of any in his class fond of reading. And the man who can talk better and speak better than others fond of talking and speaking. I want to see you a good talker, but especially a good speaker and your Latin is very important in making you a good speaker, and so study it with all your might. Besides the correction of my letter let us see if you can correct these words viz.: ","[end of letter continues on margins of page 1]","Philadelfia, Pensilvania.","Give much love to all the family.","Your affectionate \nUncle Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMay 12th, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nThanks for your letter and excuse me for not having answered it sooner. I have been unsuccessful in procuring seed as our seed seller of last year did not bring them on this year. But the apothecary chanced to have a few on hand from which I have selected two papers. The assortment is very poor and small.","I wish that you would drop a note to Mr. Criss or to Cousin Elizabeth and see whether he could not see to putting up the stones at the graves of Father \u0026 Sister, and ask what they will come to including the cost of putting them up. And if you can get it attended to I will advance the money at any time for the purpose but before closing the terms let me know because if they are not as good as I can get elsewhere I had better have it done. But it appears to me that all the","[part of end of letter appears on this page]","be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you. probabilities are in favor of getting it done cheaper in by Mr. Criss than I could get it done abroad from Clarksburg. I have not been able to ascertain the cost of railing for you but intend writing to Phil. about it. The railing around Ellie's grave was about one dollar and a half per foot.","Maggie left for Phil. last Saturday. I received a letter from Wirt in which he expresses his probable intention of going West again and I understand from his language that he means California; as he speaks of going over the plains or some such phraseology. I have been trying to find his letter but have not succeeded at this time. I fear that I will not get to Beverly this summer as I am very anxious to go direct to Washington City, \u0026 begin my work of finding out and locating land and as I may have much to do in the West in endeavoring to find out the best land ","[end of letter in margins of page 1 and 2]","all my time may be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you.","Let me hear from you soon. I hope that Thomas has received my letter.","Your much attached brother, \nThomas","We have had a great revival of religion here.","Lexington \nMay 19th/56","My Dear Aunt, \nYou may ere this have wondered at my long silence. And it has not resulted from not having thought of you, but this year like the past has been much occupied with my professional duties and I have not yet finished a new book which I am teaching this year on astronomy. But by the way I think that you are a letter in my debt. But with those I love I don't wish to stand on formalities, and you see from the size of my paper that you are not to be troubled with a long epistle.","And you are probably by this time beginning to think that he has not much to say or else he would commence setting about it. But such is not the case, for we have such an outpouring of the Spirit of God in our churches here as I never remember of having seen elsewhere. Your branch of the church has recently been increased though I can not say how much. The Episcopal church about a week since took in nearly twenty five and from present appearances I suppose that about fifty will join the Presbyterian church in a few days when we are to have our commission. The Baptist church is also being blest, and I think that we may reasonably expect more than one hundred from this revival. I feel very thankful to God for such divine blessings.","I wish that Laura was here. I want you dear Aunt to make her one of the number for whom you regularly pray. What answer did she give you in regard to your very kind and Christian letter to her. Pray that the Glorious work of grace here may go on. Laura appears to be blest with unusual good health this summer. I wrote to Wirt sometime since a letter of very plain talk about the same that I wrote to you in regard to him. It was the result of a letter which he wrote to me. I thought that in reply I had better be plain even though he should take offence. For he would then see that I only wish to have business transactions with persons who were entirely reliable. Please give much love to Uncle \u0026 to all the family. Remember that I attach unusual importance to your letters.","Your affectionate nephew \nThomas","June 6th 1856","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came safely. And I begin my reply now though I shall not mail it until Monday. As yet I have not heard from Phil. in regard to the railing, but I may do so by the time of forwarding this. In regard to the tomb stones, I wish as soon as you receive an answer in reference to them, and shall have determined on the price \u0026 the time that they are to be put up you would let me know because in the event of their being put up before September I must make my arrangements before starting West. And I wish to know the amount as I desire to employ all of my spare funds in the purchase of lands. Doctor Bosworth will pay you fifteen dollars for me, in return for money which he wrote to me to give his son John this coming summer, but it will not be due until sometime in July as he proposed returning it to me in Beverly this summer supposing that I would visit Beverly. And if the man comes to Beverly as I suppose he does from his furnishing stones for Cousin John's grave, had I not better send the money to you and get you to pay him, getting Cousin Criss to see that he does the work properly. I expect Col. Augustus Smith here this month from Clarksburg and if you can't arrange the matter otherwise, I may be able to arrange it through him.","In reference to Wirt, I am interested in his welfare and had he followed my advice I feel that he would most certainly have been benefited by it. I wrote to him not long since in answer to a letter from him. Ask Mr. Arnold if there is anything which I can do for him this summer in the way of locating land warrants or otherwise. Tell him that my present purpose is to go to Washington from here and after finding out all that I can there in reference to Western lands, to pass into Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and probably Arkansas and say to him that I design following out Transcript\nhis idea of locating some land in a Northern state, but that I am a little afraid to put much there for fear that in the event of dissolution of the Union, that the property of Southerners may be confiscated. I want to locate about three thousand acres, maybe a little more, and if I can please myself will probably put down about one half of it in a Northern state. I would be thankful for suggestions from Mr. Arnold if he has any to make. As yet I have not purchased \nThis is Monday afternoon and no news as yet in regard to the railing by my next letter you may expect to hear about the cost.","Remember me very kindly to all the family. I hope that Thomas is doing well in his Latin and English grammar.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI sail in the steam ship Asia for Europe at 12 o'clock today for Liverpool. The reasons for doing so I will give in my next. I gave John Bosworth an order on the Lexington book for thirty dollars and requested that the money should be returned to you. This will do for Father's and sister's graves. Don't ask Mr. Arnold for any money, but if you have not ten dollars to pay Jim Dix [?] for Brother Warren's, you may expect me to advance it when I return next fall.","Much love to all","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Ship Asia at Sea \nJuly 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou have doubtless been surprised at my sudden leaving for Europe instead of going West to purchase or locate land. You may remember that in 1851 I had a nine months leave of absence for the purpose of visiting Europe, but that Col. Smith induced me to relinquish the idea for the time, holding out to me an opportunity at some future time, and that I accordingly did postpone my comtemplate[d] trip.","This year as the time for going West drew near, I became more and more discouraged in regard to investing money in such distant lands, and a gentleman with whom I conversed and who has had much experience told me that he did not think it a safe and profitable investment. Another friend told me that he had come very near losing a part of his, in consequence of his being so far off as to interfere with his giving sufficient attention to it. And I have rather concluded to keep my money invested in stocks of different kinds and thus get my dividends regularly and trust to the blessing of Providence for gradually increasing my worldly goods.","Thus circumstanced I a few days before starting concluded that an opportunity was now offered of going to Europe which would probably never again be presented to me. What should I do with the two months this before me was a question which I did not know how to solve satisfactorily. You are a very kind and affectionate sister. Yet even with you I would be reminded of the loss of that happiness which I once enjoyed with Dear Ellie. So I have to some extent torn myself away from that state of mind which I feared should my summer have been passed at home or in the W. States.","I hope that you will be able to get up the tomb stones by the aid of thirty dollars from Dr. Bosworth. But don't ask anything of Mr. A and when I return I will let you have what ever may be wanting should you not be able to get along with what you have.","I expect to visit Liverpool, London, Paris, Genoa, Florence, Pisa, Rome, Naples, Brussels, Antwerp, Edinburgh, and some other points of interest. I wish you would write me a letter to N.Y. City during the first week of October. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family. Kindest regards to all inquiring relatives.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Naples \nSept 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou must excuse my long silence as I have been much pressed for time, and now barely hasten to drop you a line.","Since landing at Liverpool I have been at Glasgow, Sterling Castle \u0026 Edinburgh Scotland, York, London \u0026 other places in England; Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo \u0026 other places in Belgium. Since then I have passed through Aix La Chapellr, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main,[? going] ascended the Rhine.","From Frankfort I proceeded to Heidelberg and thence on to Baden Baden in Germany, Strasbourg in France, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Geneva \u0026 the city of Geneva in Switzerland, and so on to the great ice berg called Mer de Glas that is sea of ice. I continued in Switzerland for about a week and crossed the Alps by the Simplon Pass as it is called through which Napoleon entered Italy. The scenery of Switzerland is very grand.","Upon entering Italy I passed on through the cities of Milan, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn and finally to this place. With Venice, Florence and Naples I have been very much gratified. I was at the volcano of Vesuvius last Friday and went about half way down one of the active craters. The scene was truly grand this evening. I leave for Rome. Much love to all.","Your much attached brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 25th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI forwarded to you after returning home a few lines, and with pleasure now appropriate a few minutes to say where I have been during my absence. As to telling what I saw a volume of several hundred pages would be required, but should I ever be permitted to see you I trust that I will be able to pass several hours in narrating my travels.  I was unable to come through Beverly and see you. I was several days later returning home than I had designed.","After reaching Liverpool I passed town to the old town of Chester and then out to the Residence of the Marquis of Westminster. His house is called Eaton Hall. Afterwards I returned to Liverpool and preceded North into Scotland passing through Glasgow, Sterling and Edinburgh. After leaving Edinburgh I returned to England visiting York, the residence of Oliver Cromwell, the University of Cambridge \u0026 London city. I took a steamboat to the continent landing at Antwerp and passing on to Brussels, Waterloo, Aix la Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Coblentz, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Berne, Freiburg, [illegible], Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas (sea of ice) over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass. Milan, Verona, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Naples, Rome, Genoa, Marseilles, Lyons, Paris, Calais, London, Liverpool, N. York, home.","I could talk to you with much pleasure about the very many things of much interest. Tell Thomas that I intend answering his letter in a few days. I am much gratified that you are putting up the grave stones. Should you want any more funds let me know. I found two letters from Wirt waiting for me at home. I will send him a check for thirty dollars if I can get one on N. York for that amount.","[end of letter in bottom margin page 1]","Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington,Va. \nOct. 27th 1856","My very dear Aunt, \nIt is with pleasure that God again permits me to write to you from my adopted home. Your kindness and that of Uncle has not been forgotten but when you hear where I was during my short absence you will not be surprised at not hearing from me, as my time was even too short to see well what came within the range of my journey. After leaving Liverpool, I passed to Chester \u0026 Eaton Hall and from thence returning I visited Glasgow Lochs Lomond \u0026 [Katrine] Sterling Castle. Edinburgh, York, London, Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Aix La Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Freiberg, Geneva, Mer de Glas, over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass, Naples, Rome, Marseilles, Paris, London, Liverpool, home.","I would like to have a long talk with you all about the many interesting things which came under my observation, but must forgoe the pleasure for the present and to attempt to write about it would be unsatisfactory as a long letter would hardly touch upon the subject. You were doubtless surprised at my sudden determination not to go west but to go to the \"Old World.\" My friends discouraged me so much that about the time that I had contemplated starting as induced me not to go and as my summer was then left unappropriated it appeared as Providence had opened the way for my long contemplated visit and I am much gratified at having gone.","I have determined to send by the next mail a check to Wirt for thirty dollars and as I have not been able to get a check on N.Y. from any bank I have shall send one signed by myself on the person with whom my money is deposited. Should Wirt not be able to pass it, I have requested him to send it to Uncle Alfred hoping that Uncle will be able to get the Parkersburg bank to give a check in exchange. Should Uncle not be able to do so, please return it to me and I will write on to N. York and get a bill or check of deposit if necessary. I hope that their will be no occasion of forwarding it to Uncle. Give much love to uncle and to all the Family and remember that I am always glad to hear from you.","Your affectionate nephew, Thomas.","Lexington,Va. \nDec. 1st 1856","My dear Nephew, \nThanks for your letter. I am glad that your teacher has come on and that you are hard studying amo and that you came off so well at the exhibition and I trust that by the time I get to see you that you will know a great deal about Latin and those books which you have just purchased. Remember that this is the 1st day of Winter and that cold weather is the best time for study, and also the best time for taking much exercise and that the harder one studies, the more exercise he should take for it gives him a clear head and a healthy body.","I am much obliged to you all for sending those daguerreotypes \u0026 the sugar egg. I shall have much to talk about when we meet of the find paintings \u0026 sculpture, and beautiful countries through which I passed last summer. Tell Mr. Thomas when you have an opportunity that Mr. Lyle is much better and that he can walk about some in his room. And does your Pa like the new President Mr. Buch {Buchanan}.","While I was gone I saw some funny things too as well as pretty ones. I remember seeing in England in a town called Chester about 98 miles from Liverpool which I will mention presently as soon as I tell you that Chester is a town with a wall around it, and it and the city of York are about the only cities in England that are still walled and that the York walls are more recent than those of Chester and hence not so interesting as they don't tell us so much about the ancient Britons. It appears that the walls of Chester were built by the Britons in order to protect themselves from the Welsh who lived a little West of Chester. But now for that funny thing and what so you think it was. Well I went into their largest church (called a Cathedral) which once belonged to the Roman Catholics and there among many other things I saw a representation of the Devil in the shape of him swallowing a man feet foremost.","I never knew before that Old Nick lived on men and I saw some other things which I would like to talk to you about.","Write to me soon. Give much love to your Pa, Ma, to Grace \u0026 Stark and remember me to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 6, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI am glad to learn that you have secured a teacher \u0026 that she has been with you for some time, and I hope that she is such as you desire she should be. We have just been listening in our village to a series of lectures by Mr. O.P. Baldwin of Richmond. They were 4 in no., viz. \"Better time coming,\" \"Humbugs,\" \"Spirit Rappings,\" \u0026 \"Yankees \u0026 Southerners.\" As you may judge from their names they were more amusing than instructive. I heard the first three.","You would probably like to hear a little of my whereabouts during the past summer and I purpose on giving you a kind of journal should you so desire me. But should you get tired at any time just let me know. I believe that I said something to you in my last, but as I failed to take a note of my stopping points I shall again commence at Liverpool.","Leaving Liverpool the same day of my landing I proceeded to the city of Chester which is about 18 miles from Liverpool and on entering the Hotel was met by a lady instead of a landlord as I had been accustomed in at home, and she wished to know whether I would have a room \u0026 After having secured my quarters I proceeded to the Cathedral, which is a large edifice formerly occupied by the Roman Catholics. At the door I was met by a man who upon learning where I was from inquired after the Fairfax family stating that the representative of that house lived in America and that he was entitled to the succession. It was about the hour of evening service. They have 2 services there per day and this was about 4 o'clock P.M.","He turned me over to the sexton who showed me to a seat upon the condition that I should not leave it until after the service was over. After service he showed me through the building which was quite interesting. Among other things were the seats for the friars or monks which were so constructed that should they become drowsy \u0026 forgetful of their duty, their seats suddenly dropt them on the floor \u0026 recalled their wandering thoughts. I walked around the wall and saw the tower on which King Charles the 1st stood \u0026 saw the defeat of his army at Routen Moor.","Much love to all the family \u0026 kind regards to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 26, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 8th came safely. I regret that you should have been the loser of so many teeth. I don't like the idea of you being toothless, but as you say another set can be furnished by the dentist.","I received a letter from Aunt Clem requesting me to lend Uncle Alfred two or four hundred dollars for Wirt to buy stock to drive to California. I did not have the money and even if I had should not have lent it for one reason among others is that if Wirt goes to California, he will probably throw himself away or be ruined.","I have recently heard from him and he asks me to lend him thirty dollars but says nothing about going to C. I think that next month when our bank gets in operation that I will send him thirty dollars. I am unable to say whether I will first visit Beverly or North Carolina.","Our winter has been very severe, but for near a fortnight we have had beautiful weather. The aspen is in bloom the and weeping willow is beginning to look green. I am still at Dr. Junkin's.","Tell Miss Eliza that if I should bring her a beau that she must not tell on me lest the old bachelors about Beverly should mob me for trampling on their toes.","I infer from your letter that I was when I dropped my narrative at the Cathedral of Chester. After leaving Chester I passed to a beautiful estate of an English nobleman by the name of the Marquis of Westminster; he lives about three miles from the city, but after driving about half a mile I came to a beautiful gateway somewhat resembling the front of a fine building. Here the porter who had charge of it admitted me and I drove through a park containing about 1800 [or 1900] deer, the race course on which he tries his horses, etc. the fences being made of iron and the grounds containing a variety of luxuriant trees. After passing on thus for near 2 ½ miles, I came to a magnificent palace covered with pinnacles. Here after ringing the bell a servant of quite a gentlemanly appearance came to the door and admitted me by my giving him my ticket of admission which I had procured before leaving Chester. The interior of the building is magnificent. One of the rooms is copied from the celebrated Alhambra of Granada in Spain which was built by the Moors.","Do you wish me to send you the old clothes of which you spoke next summer. As they are not worth much the cost of transportation may cost more than they are worth. If you wish them sent let me know in your next. Much love to all.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI don't know whether you have yet returned from your visit to Aunt's but I will write to you now, as I have the time and might not have so much leisure in a few days hence and I will begin by stating that I have an invitation for you, and what do you think it is? \u0026 who from? For it is not often that I am authorized to send you invitations and especially pressing ones and I suppose you will begin to think or may think well what does he mean? Why doesn't he tell me at once \u0026 be done with it. ","Well you see I have finished \u0026 hope I am done with the first page of my letter \u0026 am running on at a tremendous rate, so that if I don't tell you soon, you will hardly get it all from this sheet. Well now having cultivated your patience a little as all women are said to have curiosity I will tell you that Miss Mary Anna Morrison, a friend of mine in the Western part of N. Carolina and in the Southern part of the State, is engaged to be married to an acquaintance of yours living in this village \u0026 she has requested me to urge you to attend her wedding in July next. To use her own words she says \"I hope your sister will come. You must urge her to do so. I should be very glad if she could come.\" The wedding is not to be large. I told her that I would give the invitation \u0026 having done so, feel that I am free from all further responsibility in the matter. I told her that I didn't think that you would be able to accept it, and if you can't just let me know in your next \u0026 transfer the invitation to your humble servant, and he will not decline, for he is very anxious to go as he is much interested in the ceremony \u0026 the occasion \u0026 the young lady is a very special friend of mine.","I hope that you have had a very pleasant trip to the River. I deposited in our bank a few days since twenty dollars \u0026 transferred the evidence of deposit to Wirt \u0026 forwarded it to him stating that he might expect more next July.","The present which you made Ellie was never made up, \u0026 if you can dispose of it in any way I think that I will send it to you when John Bosworth goes home for I suppose that Anna would feel some delicacy in having it made up. Our weather is beautiful at present \u0026 I suppose that spring will rapidly advance now.","Give much love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAug 11/ 57","My Dear Sister, \nSince my last we have visited Niagara, Saratoga \u0026 immediate places. As stated in my Richmond letter, I had expected to proceed from that point to your house, but an enlargement of one of the glands of Anna's neck induced me to consult a physician, \u0026 my concern was so great as to induce me to take her to Philadelphia where she consulted a Doctor Jackson of the University, \u0026 he was unable to decide as to the true character of the case. But whilst there, I met with Dr. Graham of Lexington in whom I have great confidence, \u0026 he advised me to bring her here after making a short tour.","We reached here last Wednesday evening and the enlargement has apparently diminished considerably since that time. We expect to remain here till near the close of my vacation \u0026 then return to Lexington. I regret that we have been unable to visit you this summer but I felt that under the circumstances it was my duty to make Anna's health the first object of concern. In coming from Staunton here I fell in with Cousin [Flo?] \u0026 her little boy on their way to the Healing Springs. Let me hear from you soon \u0026 if you can write before the 25th of this month, direct to this place, otherwise direct to Lexington. Give love to all. Anna joins me in love to you.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 1, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nAgain I am blessed with the privilege of communing with you. My duties are ended for the week, I may say, as in my department there will be no more recitations this week. But at 4 o'clock the Faculty have a weekly meeting at the Superintendent's.","Through the continued blessings of Providence, my health continues to improve. At present, I suffer more with cold feet than anything else. I have been accustomed to bathing them in cold water; but they have cracked open so much as to render the discontinuance of it necessary. I have an invitation to a party this evening, but must decline going. The citizens of this place are such as I admire.","I have tried on my shirts and they fit very well with the exception of the collars which are not long enough in the band. Accept of my thanks for the present. How are Thos. and the family.","I hope to see you next summer. I had a pleasant time at the Springs, but only visited the Rockbridge Alum, the Bath Alum and the Warm Springs. I saw the blowing cave: it is a remarkable curiosity. There is at one time a strong current of air rushing out and at another time, a strong current rushing in. There has never been but one mouth found to the cave. It is in Bath county and about eight miles from the Bath Alum Springs. My love to all.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 19/57","My Dear Sister, \nYou have probably been expecting a letter from me for some days. Owing to an inflammation of the tube leading to the ear and also inflammation of the throat (chronic) and very painful neuralgia, I have been constrained to give up my correspondence for a while. I never remember having suffered so much as within the last three weeks, and now I am compelled to use a vial of chloroform liniment per day externally and am also using a preparation of ammonia. The hearing of my right ear is impaired, but I trust not permanently. I have continued to attend to my recitations, notwithstanding my suffering. In a few days I hope to be free from pain.","The eye medicine helped me for a while I think but I can't say that I have been permanently benefited, and I would advise you not to try the medicine.","Anna is quite robust again. She joins me in love to you all. I wrote to Wirt, advising him to go to some active occupation and to read standard books and thus endeavor to apply his knowledge of grammar and become thus acquainted acquainted with the construction of the language- use is of great importance. His knowledge of the grammar considering the time he has given to it is discouraging. To keep him at school with such little progress is pretty much throwing away the money and time.","Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 8th, 1858","My Dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter of last week reached me this morning and I am rejoiced to learn that you are so much concerned about \"the one thing needful.\" I have never believed that you would be lost. I have borne in mind that our sainted mother's prayers would not be forgotten by our Heavenly Father. Though dead, her prayers, I trusted would be precious in the sight of the Lord.","You wish to know how to come to God; so as to have your sins forgiven, and to receive \"the inheritance which is incorruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away.\" Now my dear sister the way is plain: the savior says in Mark XVI chapter, 16th verse \"He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved.\" But you may ask what is it to believe. To explain this I will quote from an able theologian, and devoted servant of God. To believe in the sense in which the word is used here, \"is feeling and acting as if there were a God, a Heaven, a Hell; as if we were sinners and must die; as if we deserve eternal death, and were in danger of it. And in view of all, casting our eternal interests on the mercy of God in Christ Jesus. To do this is to be a Christian.\"","You speak of having done all that you know in order to be accepted: this is too apt to be our error. We must not depend on making ourselves holy: but just come to the Father, and ask him to forgive our sins for the sake of Jesus, and rely entirely on the merits of Christ for our prayer being answered. The Father loves the Son and for his sake pardons those who plead the Son's merits. We should never think of presenting any merits of our own for we are all sinners.","Do not trouble yourself too much about not having repented enough for your sins, for your letter shows that you have much concern about the subject. But let me advise you simply to do as God enabled me to do, that is, resolve to spend the remaining part of life in His service, to obey the teachings of the Bible until death, and to rely entirely on the mercy of God for being saved, and though the future looked dark, yet it has become very bright. Never despair, even old Christians have dark moments.","Never omit of pray at regular times. For years your salvation has been my daily prayer and shall continue so. Write to me often and tell me all your trials, that I may","Do not trouble yourself too much about Were it not for my throat, Anna \u0026 myself would like very much to pay you a visit this winter. My throat \u0026 the sale of a neighbors property next week are the two obstacles. Anna is anxious to go next [week?]. She joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA. \nMay 1st/58","My Dear Brother \nWe have a little prodigy one day old this afternoon. She calls herself Mary Graham Jackson. Anna is doing very well, \u0026 joins me in love to yourself and sister Eugenia.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nMay 1st 1858","My dear sister, \nI am very much pressed with business, but I must drop you a line to say that yesterday God blessed us with a charming little daughter, and we have named her after Mrs. Morrison, Mary Graham.","My eyes have been troubling me much lately. I regret that you have had so much suffering, it appears to have resembled my attack. I am now using glycerine which is the essence of oil. I take it through the nostrils for the purpose of curing the inflammation at the entrance of the nasal tubes into the mouth and I find it of great service. God had blest its use to me very much. I tried caustic or nitrate of silver, but with much less effect. I hope that you will soon be well. I ascertained to day that I can get a copy of \"Silver Wood\" in town so you may expect one when Mr. Chenoweth goes home if not before.","Anna \u0026 the little one are both doing very well for which we are thankful to our Heavenly Father. I received a letter from Wirt a few days since. His health I think is just tolerable from what he says. I have been wanting to write to Thomas for some time \u0026 and hope to do so before long.","May the blessings of our Heavenly Father rest upon you richly is the prayer of your affectionate brother. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nMay 22/58","My dear sister, \nYour welcome letter came safely, but finds our little daughter very ill of jaundice, and she may at any hour take her place among the redeemed in Paradise. Anna is doing well. My intention has \u0026 still is to visit you this summer, but I learned a lesson from last summer, not to make a promise for no one can tell what a day will bring forth, but I trust that if our little daughter lives that God will bless us all in a visit to see you \u0026 all the family. It seems like a long time since I was at your house. The children I suppose have grown much. Give my thanks to my darling little niece for her letter \u0026 tell her I expect to answer it in a few days. Give much love to all the children from myself \u0026 Anna. She joins me in love to you.","I received a letter from Wirt this morning stating that he is well but that he has lost his horse by his straying off, and that he wants me to forward him one hundred \u0026 five dollars N.Y. funds, which I want to try \u0026 do; though it will cost a premium here.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","My dear little Niece, \nYour very interesting letter reached me a short time before your sweet little cousin \u0026 my little daughter was called from this world of sin, to enjoy the Heavenly happiness of Paradise. She died of Jaundice on the 25th of April.  [Jackson's error-- the baby died on May 25] Whilst your Aunt Anna and myself feel our loss, yet we know that God has taken her away in love. Jesus says \"suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of Heaven.\" Did you ever think my dear Grace that the most persons who have died and gone to Heaven are little children. Your aunt is doing very well, she is out visiting.","We hope to go \u0026 see you all this summer, but my health is so delicate, that I am disposed to go North first. I think this will give us more time to stay with you. Should we go to see you first I may have to hasten on North without staying more than two or three days.","I wish your would write to me at once and let me know which you would rather I should do. I hope that you have enjoyed your school and your vacation both very much. Remember your aunt \u0026 uncle to your Father, Mother, Thomas \u0026 Stark, and accept much love for yourself.","Your affectionate uncle, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","Dear Sir, \nIn compliance with your request I proceed to give you a statement respecting the condition of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School. But in doing so, I feel it unnecessary to say more than a few words, as you are already acquainted with its leading features. The school is usually opened by singing part of a hymn, which should be announced the previous Sabbath. This is followed by reading one or more verses from the Bible, with explanations \u0026 applications; this is succeeded by prayer. After this each class is instructed by its teacher from the Bible, catechism and hymn book. At the close  of the school which is near forty five minutes from the opening, there is a public examination on two verses of the child catechism, published by our Board. These verses should be announced the previous Sabbath. After the close of the examination, the school is dismissed, the remaining part of the opening hymn having been sung immediately after the examination.","The system of reward you are acquainted with, and the premiums so far have been near a dozen Testaments and one Bible. The day of their presentation is the first Sabbath of each month. Several scholars are studying the shorter catechism at the present time. Each teacher keeps a class book in which is noted each scholar's department in school. The lesson should be taught one Sabbath, with a view to examination \u0026 mark on the next. Each teacher at the close of the month give me a circular (blanks having been furnished) exhibiting for each scholar the manner in which the lesson has been prepared, the conduct in school, no. of lates, absences. From these circulars, I make a monthly entry in the record book, which contains not only the no. of lates \u0026 absences, but also the names of the teachers, scholars, owners, persons with whom the scholars are living, the lates \u0026 absences of teachers, and a weekly record of the proceedings of the school. By reference to the record book, I find 91 to be the no. of scholars there reported.","Praying that the S. school convention may be a great blessing to the cause \u0026 to yourself I remain your attached friend.","T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 19th 1858","My dear Sister, \nYour letter \u0026 that of Grace reached me this morning and for a while I thought that I might be able to visit you previous to going North, but after more maturely considering my case, \u0026 all the circumstances, I am disposed to think that I had better go North first. My disease is not understood by my physicians here and I have nearly if not entirely lost my hearing in the right ear \u0026 my left ear is diseased, and my nose is internally affected. The first thing it appears to me should be to seek relief if it is to be had.","Write to me to N.Y. City, and tell Tom and Grace that they must write to me this summer also, as soon as I let you all know where my letters will reach me after leaving N.Y. City. Tell Grace that I am much obliged to her for her letter, and that she may expect me to answer  it before a great while. As to Thomas' examination, I think Mr. Thomas can judge better of his qualifications than myself, though I wish that I could be with you all before his teacher leaves. I hope to be with you in the latter part of August.","I forwarded a check to Wirt for one hundred \u0026 five dollars on N.J. I had to pay a premium of one per cent for it and urged him to refund the money on the first of Sept. according to promise. If I had known that he had found his horse, I don't know that I should have sent him so much. I have need of all the money that I can command. When you write to him, tell him that he had better sell me one of his horses.","Anna joins me in much love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me to Mr. Thomas \u0026 his lady \u0026 to all enquiring friends.","Your affec. brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 21st, 1858","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but have been prevented. I am now under the care of a physician by the name of Carnochan who is one of the professors in a medical college here. I hope that I am improving, but do not know how long I will remain here. Probably ten days longer, afterwards I expect to start on my visit  to you but will delay sometime on the way I expect in Philadelphia, Baltimore, the Glades.","Your Aunt Anna is quite well and we are seeing many pretty things here. Give my love and your Aunt's to all the family, and write to me as soon as you receive this. Direct your letter to New York City.","Your affectionate Uncle, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nOct. 23d, 1858","My dear sister, \nYour letter of the 19th inst. reached me this morning. Thomas reached here as you expected on last Saturday and has been a very good boy and we are all much pleased with him. He commenced going to school on Tuesday last to Mr. McFarland \u0026 is studying the English \u0026 Latin languages. His teacher wishes him to study arithmetic also, but I am unwilling for him to undertake any more at present, until I see what success will attend his present studies \u0026 also what kind of health he will have. I don't wish him to go over any thing without his understanding it thoroughly \u0026 hence he must not have too much to study. I regard it as a great error to require a child to study what his mind is not capable of appreciating. The tendency is to diminish his fondness for study, to give him a vague way of thinking (since he is not accustomed to see the precise points) \u0026 by overtasking the mind his health both of body \u0026 mind are endangered. I have been much gratified as seeing Thomas' mind so good; it has improved very much since I last saw him \u0026 I think it is partly due to the light course of studies which he has been pursuing.","I will attend to the directions of your letter \u0026 I am glad to see that your views with regard to Thomas' education \u0026 my views on the same subject are so much alike. I don't think that Thomas will get much home sick. I regret that I have not got some occupation for him \u0026 also regret not having some good companion for him to always associate with. I wrote to you about pocket money for him, but as I stated that probably he had reserved enough for that purpose, so I find such to be the case, as he since gave me three dollars to keep for him. Should you send him any clothes at any time, I would not send them of the same style as those he wears, as they are not worn here by boys as large as himself. I find that his dress makes him too marked, I will get him a suit, better adapted to his age.","My greatest concern about him is his eating. When he first came, he would use neither milk nor coffee, since then he drinks a little coffee; but I am a little afraid of his doing so, as he has not been accustomed he says to its use. I don't wish him to change his home habits in any respect unless there is necessity for so doing. I wish you would let me know how he lived at home. He gets his lessons well. Anna joins me in love to yourself \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nApril 11, 1859","Sir, \nFrom your letter of the 31 ult. I am gratified to learn that you contemplate making a European tour. You request me to send you a copy of my notes of travel. Should I do so, I fear that they would be of but little service to you as they are not sufficiently full to give you much information. Even with my recollection of places, etc. to aid me, I am not always able to make out the sense. And instead of giving you incoherent suggestions, I have thought best to glance over my notes, and send you such information as I think will be valuable. And in doing so, I would recommend you to purchase a note book before sailing, and if time will permit to keep a satisfactory journal beginning with the first day and closing with the returning one of your tour.","As soon as you reach Liverpool purchase guide books of such countries as you design visiting. If you have time to see things leisurely, don't employ guides. Leaving L. visit Chester and drive out to Eaton Hall, which is a fine specimen of an English nobleman's estate; it belongs to the Marquis of Westminster, said by some to be the wealthiest man in England. If you have time after returning to C. take the cars and visit the great Tubular bridge, and pass over to Ireland for a few days. Should you go to I. be sure if you should pass near Parsonstown, to see the great Ross telescope, and whilst there, ask for its magnifying power, and please inform me of it. Returning to Liverpool visit the following places Glasgow, Dunbarton Castle, Loch Loman, Loch Catrine, Sterling Castle, Edinborough, York, Cambridge, London, Antwerp, Waterloo. Pass through Brussells on your way to and also on your return from Waterloo. Leaving B. visit Aix La Chappel, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidleburg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Baste, Lakes Lucern, Brienz \u0026 Thun. Stop for at least one day at Interlaken which is between lakes B. \u0026 T. Visit Berne, Freiberg, Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas. From Martigny, cross the Alps by the Simplon Pass into Italy. Visit Lakes Como \u0026 Majora. Visit Milan, Verona, Venice, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Rome, Naples, Genoa, Turin, Paris.","I have given you the tour I should take above all others, if I did not have time for a more extensive one. It differs a little from the one taken by me. I did not see the Tubular Bridge nor visit Ireland. And instead of visiting Turin I hastened to Paris by the steamer from Genoa. Knowing the stopping points you can post yourself up on your guide book in advance.","In York observe the organ especially. In Antwerp note Reubens' paintings. In Heid. observe the castle. In Strasburg is the wonderful clock. In Feiberg is one of the best organs in the world. At Verona is the most perfect amphitheater in the world. You may find it more pleasant to visit Naples before Rome. You will fine Genoa probably the most beautiful of all the cities in consequence of its elevation being such as to present its different parts distinctly to the eye when viewed from the harbor. I omitted calling your attention to the Museum in Antwerp.","In Venice, nearly every thing of interest except its canals are on St. Mark's square. In Florence give yourself plenty of time to visit frequently the statuary in the room called the Tribuna. Study the original works of art with which you may meet in Antwerp, Florence, Rome, etc. and when you reach Paris you will see a miniature of all, serving to refresh your memory but not calling for examinations, as you have already seen the originals. In P. you should give attention to the externals, visit the neighboring Royal residences, etc.","Of course you will pass some time in London and visit the Parks, Westminster Abbey a number of times. I hope that you may be able to make the tour and that you may realize more than you even anticipate","I would be glad to hear from you during your absence \u0026 after your return. Things are here in much the same routine as when you left.","Yours truly, T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 9th, 1859","My dear sister \nI omitted in my last to answer your question as to when I design visiting Beverly. I hope to do so in July; but you must not give yourself any trouble about the vegetables you spoke of; as I am through the blessing of our Heavenly Father enabled now to live on most any thing. Don't get brown bread for me as I have ceased to use it. But when I drop in, I will just eat such things as are convenient.","I heard from Anna on Saturday, she says that she is learning to take things more philosophically. She says that the Dr. Sill finds some inflammation, she is to remain there until the inflammation entirely subsides. She sends love to you. Thomas was very anxious to go with his teacher \u0026 a number of the scholars to the Peaks of Otter; but I felt it was too much responsibility for me to take to let him go. Some of the boys might have guns with them \u0026 some accident might occur to him \u0026 furthermore I didn't know how much it might cost him; as they would be gone several days. Accordingly he remains at home \u0026 I hope that he will make considerable progress in Spanish. In consequence of the irritation of my throat, I have not been hearing him much in the last few days. But he is far enough advanced not to study considerably by himself. I hope to have a fine supply of vegetables for you when you come. You must try \u0026 bring some other members of the family with you.","Give much love to the children. Thomas is well.","Your affec. brother, Thomas.","White Sulphur Springs \nAugust 13, 1859","My dear Sister \nThe inflammation or irritation of my throat passed down so low as to make me afraid to let Dr. Green treat me \u0026 consequently I gave up the idea of going to him so long as it remains so low; it appears to be about the collar bone. But whilst I was unwilling to let the Dr. treat me I concluded that I would visit this place \u0026 try to get my liver right; as I was disposed to think that the state of the throat depended on that of the liver. After you left, my liver apparently became much deranged. I reached this place on Thursday last \u0026 I feel improved. It appears to me that smoking mullein has been of great benefit to me. I am fearful that I will not be an herbal remedy used for respiratory ailments able to visit you this summer \u0026 I feel it greatly.","I left Anna at the Rockbridge Baths, her health has not been so good since you left and as the Baths are celebrated for such afflictions as hers I trust that she will be improved by their use. This evening I received a letter from her stating that after bathing she had internal heat \u0026 that she was fearful that the bathing was not good for her \u0026 that if she found it not to be so that she would return home in a few days. There are about 1000 persons here at present.","I hope that I may be able to visit you, notwithstanding the present aspect of things, but don't expect me unless you hear of my coming by another letter.","I hope that your health has improved. Give my love to all. Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nAug 27th, 1859","My dear Sister \nI returned last Tuesday evening from the White Sulphur Springs, and under the blessing of Providence my health had much improved, and if I only had a week more before the commencing of the session I would visit you but I would barely have had time to ride to your house and back, which would not have answered our purpose as my desire is to make a visit. But I hope that in November I will be with you. The first visit that I pay is to be with you. I feel that a disordered liver had probably much to do with my affected throat and if I can only keep the secretions right, I hope that my throat will soon be well.","Anna's health I fear has not improved much locally, though she gained some flesh during her stay at the Baths. Maj. Preston has just returned, and given me an account of you all. I am much gratified that Mr. Arnold invited him to stay with you. I regret that Mr. Arnold's arm continues to trouble him. I trust that you will succeed in securing a competent teacher for the children. Tell them that their aunt \u0026 I were wishing this week that we could see them.","Sulphur water appears to suit my disease better than any other remedy which I have met with, and yesterday evening Anna \u0026 myself took a ride to one of these springs about 8 miles from town. I never knew of its existence until within a few weeks. The water is very pleasant yet very weak and I fear not of much benefit.","I send you by the same mail with this letter one of our catalogues. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Home \nSept. 13th, 1859","My dear Sister \nYour last reached me safely and Anna delivered the articles to the servant according to your request. I regret to learn that your health continues so infirm. I am with yourself glad that you visited us last summer with the children, and hope that you may be spared to visit us again, and I hope that at your next visit we may be able to make you more comfortable than you were at your last.","Anna's health has become such as to render it necessary to send her to a physician \u0026 she left last Friday for Hampden Sidney to be under the care of Dr. Watkins.","According to your request I send Thomas' account. Look at his book and see if he got anything after the last of June. The account only extends to the end of June and he may have procured things from the store after that time. I had occasion to see Lyell Wilson's account since then \u0026 he had me charged with a pass book got by Thomas in the 1st of July. This made me think that he might have got other things elsewhere. But if he didn't get anything else, don't take notice of the book, as it was only a trifle.","Give my love to Mr. A \u0026 to all the children.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","I fear that I will not get to see you in Nov. But my first visit as I said before is to you. May our kind Heavenly Father bless you richly is my constantly repeated prayer.","1858 \nEnglish Grammar.50 \nCopy Books .25 \nBlank book \u0026 sponge .18 3/4 \nPaper \u0026 envelopes .25 \nBox pencil lead, paper \u0026 envels. .50 \nFor Fair \u0026 Christmas 1.00 \nMiss Howard for two months \u0026 1 week washing 1.68 \nMr. McFarland 17.00 \nMiss L. S. Graham 37.50","1859 \nOdd Fellows supper .25 Lecture at Chapel .25 57.43 \n[illegible] .25 \nNegro for mending shoe .25 \nVisit Nat. Bridge .50 \nMcFarland 17.00 \nNot included in store accounts 77.36 3/4 \n6 months Board \u0026 washing 72.00 \n149.36 3/4","Store account \n40.46 3/4 \n189.83 1/2 \nCredits 113.00 \nBalance due 76.83","Home \nOctober 31, 1859","My dear Sister \nLast week I mailed a letter to Mr. Arnold requesting him to visit me and [illegible] other inducements told him that we were to have a county agricultural Fair, but didn't mention the day, as I had not yet ascertained it; but it is to be on the 23 of this month. Urge Mr. Arnold to come if you think that he can do so safely; and during his stay, I will try \u0026 interest him in our schools \u0026 county, and see if he can be induced to locate here.","I found that the cadets designed being absent so short a time, that I concluded that I had better postpone my visit to you until next summer.","I feel that we are now greatly blessed with a good teacher for boys, he is the very man I think whom Thomas would do well under. We have a number of good schools for Grace \u0026 Stark. There is a gentleman in town who has a boy who has given him \u0026 his teacher much trouble \u0026 on Saturday he was speaking of Mr. Morgan (who is the teacher to whom I referred for Thomas) \u0026 he spoke of him in very high terms for the successful management of his boy \u0026 for the progress that his boy is making under his new teacher.","I heard from Anna on Saturday. She hoped to be at Hampden Sidney today. She feels much improved \u0026 is bringing Laura her youngest sister home with her. I hope that they will soon be here.","Let me hear from you soon \u0026 tell me  what Mr. A says. I felt it would be more prudent in me not to say anything in my letter about his moving here. I would like to see him first \u0026 thus have a better opportunity of judging how he could best be approached successfully on the subject. I desired to write to you two weeks ago but I thought that Mr. A. might suspect something from the frequency of our letters.","Love to all, and trust God unreservedly in all things is my sincere prayer.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nDec.12th/59","My dear Sister \nYour letter stating that you are teaching the children yourself has given me concern and I write this letter for the purpose of saying that you must never hesitate for a single moment about sending the children to me. I stated in my letter to you the conditions upon which I was ready to do for them what I could, because I felt it would prevent any disappointment to you \u0026 Mr. Arnold in the event of their coming, and I feel that I can make them comfortable \u0026 enable them to acquire a good education \u0026 to move in that sphere of life where I desire to see them move. Without a good education they must ever fall short of that position in life which they ought to occupy, and their early education consisting of spelling \u0026 reading is of great importance; if either is defective the education must necessarily be defective. But if insuperable objections lie in the way of getting a good teacher or of sending them abroad, don't give yourself anxiety but trust in our most kind \u0026 merciful Father who withholds no good thing from his children. I am very thankful to see you bear up under your trials with such Christian fortitude \u0026 as long as we lean on His almighty arm all shall be well.","I reached home on last Friday night about 3 o'clock in the morning. Anna is an invalid still, but I trust that better health is in store for her. My throat has been troubling me again in consequence of a cold contracted during my military excursion.","I am thankful to you for engaging the [illegible] but I don't know when I will be able to bring them home. You must give my love to Aunt \u0026 Uncle White. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold. Anna joins me in love to the children. Should you see any of Mr. Chenoweth's friends say to them that I saw him today, \u0026 that he is well.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","...that carpeting is used for stairs instead of oil cloth. In regard to furniture I thought it best to consult you before making the purchases. As the furniture will last a life time it is best to be careful in pleasing ourselves although it may occasion delay. I purchased the oil cloth at once lest it might be sold, it is to be forwarded to Balt. directed to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Va. care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart, Jr. 320 Balt. St. Balt., M.D. I send the oil cloth as a present. As to the other articles, Rods etc. I can get the rods with concealed fastenings for $2.85 per dozen or I can get common rods with visible band fastenings for $2.20 per doz. The length of the rods is 30 inches but as you haven't the oil cloth you may not want the rods. Let me know \u0026 if the length is not right, tell me what length you desire.","If you can't get all the articles now, you can get the others if you desire at some other time as I can order them at any time by calling Madden's attention to them now. Let me hear from you soon and","[in pencil at top]\nIf you still wish the parlor lamp let me know what kind \u0026 what is to be burnt in it.","I will order the amount of your funds and I may be able to add some but my money matters are behind hand. I have been in debt ever since I purchased my house and have to constantly borrow from the bank in order to get along. Send your money as far as practicable in drafts on N. York for they charge a premium here for drafts \u0026 it is not safe to send bills by mail. I prefer paying the premium to running the risk. I also wish that you would write to the person from whom you purchased the draft which you sent me, \u0026 get him to procure you another as I have lost that one \u0026 when you get the draft send it to me. If I were you I would try to get along without the mattresses if possible and I would then get:","Bureau $25, wash stand $10, Tete a Tete1 $18, 4 quartets2 $5, Sofa $5, centre table $9, French bedstead $15. Total exclusive of boxing $87. Should you prefer the sofa instead of [lounge] \u0026 Tete a Tete the amount will be $3 less, \u0026 if you prefer the wash stand to match the Bureau \u0026 I would get it if my means justified, the amount will be $5 more.","[in another hand the words \"29 feet eight inches.\"]","Give my love to all. Your affec. brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nJany 28th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour last very welcome letter came safe to hand and I am glad that you have succeeded in procuring a teacher and I hope that the children will learn well under his instruction. I am glad to hear of Mr. Arnold's improved health \u0026 trust that it may continue to improve. Through the blessing of out Heavenly Father we have been spared from the small pox thus far; \u0026 I hope that we may entirely escape it. There are but few cases now amongst the whites; the servants have taken it; though it has not spread much.As soon as a servant takes the disease he is carried to the hospital and they appear to be greatly afraid of the disease in consequence of their being sent to the hospital in case of taking it.","I hope that Anna's health is improving, but very little throws her back again. I wrote to Aunt Clem a few days since. On my return from Harper's Ferry, I came through Richmond \u0026 saw Wm. L. Jackson \u0026 his wife, Jonathan [Bennet, Burnet] \u0026 his wife and Wm. E. Arnold, Ben Bassett, John Hoffman \u0026 other friends. I wish you would write to me when are the given names of Wm. L. Jackson's wife \u0026 Bennett's wife \u0026 what relation there is between them \u0026 us, and give me a letter full of such things; as I am asked from time to time what is the Relationship me \u0026 such persons. I think Mr. Arnold knows a good deal about the subject. For example I think he knows what were grandfather's brothers. I remember having a talk with him once on the subject \u0026 I found that he appeared better acquainted with such things than myself. Who was Dr. Edward Jackson?","Anna joins me in love to you all. I hope that your health is better than when you last wrote.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Home \nFebruary 25, 1860","My dear Niece \nI was much pleased to hear from your Mother's letter that her health and your Father's have been so good and to hear that you have so faithful a teacher; and as you can not always have him, I hope that you will do all you can in order to learn as much as possible whilst he is with you. And first of all I want you to learn to spell well; give particular attention to spelling; for I don't care how much you know about other things, if you don't spell well, you will be laughed at by educated people. I desire to see you have a good education, and the first step towards a good education, after learning the alphabet, is to learn to spell well. If a person commences reading before learning to spell well, he will not be apt to ever learn much more about spelling, because reading is more pleasant than spelling.","When I was young I committed the blunder of learning to read before I had learnt to spell well, and though I am now 36 years old, yet still I am mortified by my spelling words wrong; in writing this letter I have had to look in the Dictionary to see how a word was spelt and so I expect it will be all my life because I didn't give enough attention to my spelling when I was young. As your memory is better now than it may ever be, you can learn to spell more easily than when you become larger. When we are young we can recollect much better than when we are grown up.","I desire to see you an educated and accomplished lady, one that your Father and Mother will be justly proud of. After learning to spell very well then I want you to read histories, and travels and biographies, and such other books as will give you valuable information. I also hope that you will learn your Geography very well.","My Father and Mother died when I was very young, and I had to work for my living and education both; but your parents are both living and have given you a kind teacher and I trust that you will show them how thankful you are to them by studying hard. If you ever wish any information which I can give, you must ask me. I haven't written to your Mother for some time as I was afraid that I might send you the small pox, but I don't think that there is any danger now, as all are well here or about so.","I heard a student of Washington College make a beautiful speech on last Wednesday and as he is of the same name and county as your teacher, I expect that they are Relatives.","Give my love to all of the family \u0026 write to me soon. Your affectionate Uncle Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 16, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time, but have been prevented from doing so. I am sorry to learn that your eyes trouble you so much. I wish you would try the simple remedy of washing them with cold water, lifting the water to the face in both hands and washing the face until a little water gets into the eyes and they commence smarting. Do this at night just before going to bed, and again immediately after getting up. I hope that you are improving, and that Mr. Arnold is likewise. Anna is suffering from a very bad cold. She has been confined to her bed for nearly a week, but is up this afternoon.","I don't know how Mr. Arnold thinks Wm. L. Jackson would do for a judge, but if he would like to see him elected over Edmondson and can do anything for him I hope that he will do so. I thought that probably there might be some person or persons living near his Father's old place beyond Weston with whom he might have influence; if such is not the case, do not say anything about the subject to him and probably you had better say nothing anyway to him upon the subject. From what I have heard, Wm. will very probably be elected.","I hope that the children are all doing well. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affec. brother Thomas.","April 21/60","My Dear Sister \nI intended writing to you today but as Anna has done so, I will only say a few words \u0026 those with respect to Grace.  I have not mentioned the subject of Maj. Preston and I don't think it necessary to consult you upon the subject but if you still desire me to do so, let me know in your next letter and I will give you his opinion.","My mind is clear in making Grace familiar with the English grammar as soon as practicable; let her commence it at once.  Let her not only study the principles of the language, but require her to parse a great deal, so as to make her familiar with the application of the principles of the language.  Let all her studies be English until she should become a finished English scholar.  I don't attach much importance to Latin for females, it is of value to every educated person but mostly to professional men.  I am glad that Mr. A. is obtaining Mr. McCuchin.  You may expect another letter from me in a week or so.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","[postscript in hand of Mary Anna Jackson] \nP. S. Maj. J. requests me to say to you that he will attend to any commissions for furniture in the North that you may wish - as ever your Anna","Home \nMay 1st/60","My dear Sister, \nTell Grace that I have received her letter \u0026 that I am glad to see her spelling so good. I will write to her in a few days \u0026 will send her the pattern desired. When ever you desire furniture from N.Y. let me know \u0026 I can order it from either of two establishments. One of them makes first class furniture, but I think that his prices are too high for you. I purchased nothing of him but ½ dozen parlor chairs. The rest of my furniture omitting piano \u0026 a few other articles were furnished by another house \u0026 I was very well pleased with the articles; but when I was last in N.Y. I purchased a few more articles of the same house but am not pleased with them so well so I would advise you to order but a few articles at first in the event of your intending to purchase much.\nI am writing in great haste holding the paper in one hand and writing with the other. \nAnna joins me in love to you all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas.","[from Mary Anna Jackson]","My dear Sister, \nI would gladly send the pattern to Grace, but I think it unnecessary, as I can give you directions without it. The girls of Grace's size here wear black silk tunics made exactly like those Grace wore last summer, except they fasten in front, \u0026 the skirt reaches nearly to the knees. They are very pretty, \u0026 black silk is all the style now. All the ladies mantles this summer are made of black silk. Some of the girls here wear circular capes or talmas, that reach a little below the waist, they would be pretty for Grace, but it think the black silk tunics are the most fashionable.","Write soon. Much love to all. \nYour affectionate sister, \nAnna Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 7, 1860","My dear Niece \nYour letter came safely and gives me much pleasure to see how rapidly you progress in spelling. Every word of your letter was spelt correctly and I hope that all your words may always be treated as well those contained in your letter; for it is treating words badly to steal a letter from them, or to impose on them a letter which they don't want. You must look at Stark's letters when he writes them to his sweetheart especially. And to be more serious it would be a good plan for my sweet niece and nephews to examine each others letters when they contain no secrets, and in that way you will be very apt to find out all the counterfeit words which may be passing themselves off on any of you. Remember that there are a great many ways of spelling a word wrong, but there is only one way of spelling it right.","I intended to send you with this letter the pattern which you requested, but your aunt wrote in my last that you have the requested pattern at home. The weather is quite warm today. My peas are in bloom, they commenced blooming before the end of April. I hope that you have a fine garden. Write to me when ever you have leisure time. I am glad to see your teacher remaining with you. Your aunt joins me in love to you all. Your aunt's health is much improved.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas.","Home \nJune 4th, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have not heard from you for so long a time that I am fearful you are sick, and if so you must make the children write to me. I hope though that your health is unusually good.","Anna is unusually unwell but I trust that she will soon commence improving again. My eyes have improved greatly, through the blessing of Him who withholds no good thing from me, but in some respects my health is more impaired than it has been for some years. If I don't improve, I hope to leave for a Hydropathic establishment soon after our Commencement in July. And my plan is to send a servant with the carriage to meet me at the Depot nearest Beverly. What is the name of the Depot. I want the servant to get to your house a day or two in advance of the time, so that he will be certain to meet me. Anna and I will then return by Beverly  in the carriage \u0026 send the servant home by the Rail Road. All this plan may be frustrated, but I am resolved to pay you the first visit which I make, so you may be satisfied that if I don't visit you that my health is such as to render medical treatment necessary.","I send some early Silesia Lettuce seed which I hope you will sow at once, and after it gets a few leaves on each plant, set the plants in rows so that the plants shall be 8 inches apart, and water them occasionally so as to keep the ground damp. I never was fond of lettuce until I tried this. I regard it as the largest, tenderest and finest flavored that I have ever tasted. If you wish any more seed let me know \u0026 I will send it. I am greatly gratified at the election of Wm. L. Jackson. I fear that I have a disease of the kidneys, the disease gives me pain every day. I experience unusual pain whilst riding in a carriage. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 30th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour letter enclosing the check came safely \u0026 relieved my mind from apprehensions of your health being seriously ill. We have closed our examinations and I hope that on Thursday next I will be able to leave. I have some concern about getting from home to Goshen, but I trust that I will not experience much pain as I design going in my carriage.","I don't feel so well today as usual, but I have been exercising probably too much as I am at the Institute for the 3rd time. I think that my general health is better than it has been for a year or two at this season of the year, but much exercise appears to bring on increased trouble and pain. If I do not improve greatly between this time \u0026 the time that I reach N.Y. I will pass directly through and leave your purchases til my return.","Write to me at Brattleboro Vermont as I design going to a Hydropathic establishment there. If I should not stop as I go through N.Y., I will write to two different establishments there and find out on what terms they will furnish the furniture, so that on my return it will only be necessary to examine the furniture \u0026 make the purchases. In your next letter, tell me to whom I must direct your purchases. I expect that it will be cheaper to send them by water to Baltimore \u0026 from Balt. by Rail Road. If so it would be necessary to send them to somebody in Balt. as well as to some one at Webster or the stopping Depot on the R.R. Anna don't know of my writing this letter as I am at the Institute, or she might have some special message. Her health is much better than usual \u0026 I trust that through the blessing of God she will be restored this summer. Much love to all.","Your affec. brother Thomas","Round Hill Water Cure \nNorthampton, Mass. \nJuly 21st/60","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but on last Friday week I was very ill with a bilious attack attended with high fever; but as I was with a skillful water cure physician he soon through the blessing of a kind Providence arrested the fever, and on Saturday I was again out doors and am now better than before the attack. I might have written to you last week, had  I not been anticipating a change from Brattleboro to this place, and I feared that your letter might not reach me in the event of having it directed to that place in the event of my leaving there. Today I came here \u0026 am much pleased with things so far. I think that Anna's health as well as my own has improved.","The special object of writing to you at this time is to request you to furnish me with another list of the articles you wish me to get for you \u0026, I wish that you would put them down in the order in which you most desire them, as the amount which you sent (fifty five dollars) will not purchase half of what you named and I am apprehensive that the state of my purse will not allow me to do much for you, though I think that I will be able to do something. I would not trouble you with making out another list, had I not as it appears put those you sent me in such a special safe place of keeping that when I was about to leave home I could not find them myself.","I don't think that I will get you anything at auction. I bought our sofa there \u0026 it has turned out a great cheat. If you can't give a full list, let me have the dimensions of the oil cloth. I wrote to you by Mr. Chenoweth \u0026 I think requested you to tell me to whom I should send the purchases in Baltimore \u0026 also at Grafton. Please let me know soon after receiving this and direct your letter to Round Hill Water Cure, Northampton, Massachusetts. I wish you were here with me, it is one of the most beautiful places I have ever seen. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","I am on the West Side of the Connecticut River so you can find me on the map.","Round Hill \nNorthampton, Mass. \nAug. 4th/860","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter of July 22d reached us at this place. I am glad that our sweet cousins (for such are the Murdochs) are about paying you a visit and I very much desire to meet them, but such gratification can not be indulged in at this time as our physician says that Anna will have to remain here until about the 1st of Oct. if she wishes to be cured. He says that he can thoroughly cure her. He says that he could cure me of all my symptoms of disease in from four to six months and as I am improving, I wish that I could remain here until relived of all my troubles or so long as I continue to improve. He says that I have a slight distortion of the spine, \u0026 that it has given rise to some of my uneasy symptoms. There are several ladies here who could not walk when they commenced treatment \u0026 are now walking as if perfectly well.","Anna and myself much regret that we must again be denied the pleasure of visiting you as we had hoped to do. But I know that at the right time our Heavenly Father will permit us to see you. I am anxiously looking forward to some opportunity during the coming session. I wrote in my last for you to give me a list of furniture, etc. in the order in which you prefer them, and I would suggest that you had better get a lower priced bedstead than ours. For instance, if a cottage one would answer it could be purchased at about half the price that we gave for ours. But if you could consent to lower the price of the other articles, I think that it would be best; of course you would not get things so serviceable \u0026 showy but I think that the increased number of articles for the same money would more than compensate.","A cottage bedstead would be rather small; but they are made neatly. I have merely made these suggestions \u0026 you must do as you think best \u0026 I will do the best I can for you in New York. I will not have the opportunity of stopping by in Philadelphia as my time is so precious. If you prefer the Philadelphia bedstead, I will write to the same person who made ours, \u0026 get you one. I send a list of some of our purchases. They were much lower than could have been bought in Lexington.","Anna joins me in love to you all. I wish I could stop in Philadelphia as I might get some things for you and also attend to an important matter. You must give my love to Harriet \u0026 the others when they visit you. May you have every needful blessing temporal \u0026 spiritual is my habitual prayer.\nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Home Sept. 3rd, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI have reached home safely with my health much improved. My physician said that I ought to have remained a month longer \u0026 I tried to do so but did not succeed, and I am satisfied with the sweet assurance that all things work together for my good. Anna's health was much improved, yet it was necessary for her to remain longer. I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to Madden's. \tThey are persons from whom I hoped to purchase your furniture, and at Madden's I have been able to get a better bargain than Anna \u0026 I got of him. The prices are as follows, center table with marble top $9, French bedstead $14 (width inside 5ft 1 inch), Elegant bureau $25, corresponding wash stand $15. The bureau is under its regular price which is $30. There is another bureau at $23 \u0026 corresponding wash stand $10. Wash stands have marble top\u0026 back. Sofa inside length 7ft at $25. Another sofa inside length 6ft 8 inches at $20. Nice tete a tete at $18. Shuck mattress to fit bed $6. Shuck and cotton mattress mixed at $9. Lounge opening out or not at $6. Also another kind of lounge opening out or not at $5. Colors of lounges black; green \u0026 brown[?]. 4 quartets at $5.","Boxing of table .75 \n\" \" Bedstead 2.00 \n\" \" Bureau 1.50 \n\" \" Wash stand 1.00 \n\" \" Sofa 1.50 \n\" \" quartets .50 \n\" \" lounge 1.00 \nBailing mattresses .75 \nTotal 9.00","All the articles are mahogany, and I like them except the $23 Bureau. I would get the $25 bureau as it is only $2 more and if the elegant wash stand is too expensive I will get him to make you a neat one for $10. I would advise you to get the $20 sofa, but if you prefer you can instead of the sofa get the tete a tate \u0026 $5 lounge which will come to $3 more than the sofa. But if you prefer the sofa, you can make a lounge of it by spreading a cloth over it. The tete a tate is handsomer than the lounge though much smaller than our tete a tate. \tI purchased oil cloth for the square \u0026 rectangle but didn't succeed in getting any for the stairs as it is not now fashionable for stairs. I got the oil cloth at Stewart's \u0026 they told me that they didn't know where any could be had for stairs.","Home Sept. 24th, 1860","My dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter reached me on Saturday and I was enabled to borrow the necessary money from the Bank, and I forwarded a draft this morning in a letter to Mr. Madden requesting him to purchase the carpet \u0026 stair rods and to forward all by the 1st packet to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Virginia, to the care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart box no. 320 Baltimore Street Baltimore, Maryland. I told him to send the lounge opening out at $6. I also specified green as the color. You did not mention the color in your letter, but I thought that you were pleased with ours. I regard it as very cheap, it is not so showy as ours, but I would much prefer it, as I think it is a serviceable one; whereas ours has proved to be a great cheat' having been bought at a N.Y. auction I might have expected it to turn out badly.  As you request a Bible instead of the oil cloth I conform very willingly to your wishes and the account will then stand","Centre table 9.\tBoxing table .75 \nBedstead 14. \" Bedstead\t2.00 \nBureau 25 \" Bureau 1.50 \nWash Stand 15 \" Wash Stand\t1.00 \nTate a Tete\t18 \" Sofa 1.50 \nLounge\t6 \" Quartets .50 \nQuartets 5\t\" Lounge 1.00 \n10 yd Carpet 8.25 \nat 62 ½\t6.25 \n18 stair rods 4.28 \nBoxing\t8.25 \n110.78","In order to get a draft on N.Y. I had to pay one dollar and eleven cents making in all one hundred and eleven dollars and eighty nine cents. Deducting from this the amount you sent me fifty five dollars leaves fifty six dollars and 89 cents adding to this the price of the oil cloth 7.50 makes the total amount sixty four dollars \u0026 39 cents. There are 10 yards of oil cloth at 75 cents per yard.","In order to get a new draft from a Bank the person to whom the Bank gave the draft had to inform the Bank that the draft has been lost or mislaid as the case may be and satisfy the Banking officer that he is acting honestly in the matter. If our Bank were to give me a draft \u0026 I should lose it all I would have to do would be to go to the cashier of the Bank \u0026 tell him that the draft was lost \u0026 request him to give me another which he would do and he would then write to the Bank that was to pay the draft \u0026 tell it not to pay the first draft. If he thought it necessary. So if the draft sent me was given to Col. Goff ask him to write to the Bank \u0026 request another draft stating that the first has been lost or mislaid. If the cashier of the Bank does not know Col. Goff then the Col. had better enclose his letter to some friend in whom the Bank has confidence and let this friend present it to the Bank so that the Bank may be satisfied that all is right. I regret to give you so much trouble.","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 1st, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI recd. your welcome letter this morning. I regret to learn that you have all been ill, but trust that ere this reaches you, all may again be well. If Mr. Preston remains in Beverly much of his time, I would be glad if it could be so arranged so as to board with you, if your health would justify it, and other circumstances would justify it. But I fear that it could not be arranged so. But wherever he may stay when in Beverly you may through the blessing of God derive much aid from him by consulting him freely. He is reserved in his manners, and I think that the best way to treat him, is to be very cordial, and to evince a desire to see much of him, but after all, we must not depend too much on a man; but look up to our Heavenly Father for every needed aid. If we but live near to God, all things shall work together for our good. I regret to hear of Aunt White's blindness. Give my love to her \u0026 Uncle.","I am sorry that your furniture was injured even slightly. I expect that the expenses to Webster were not much more than customary. I didn't expect that you would favor the French bedstead as much as ours, but such a one as ours I have never seen in N. York, it is the Philadelphia style \u0026 besides it costs more than yours. I like the French and Anna would exchange it with you if practicable and says if you will send her yours she will send you hers. If you had been accustomed to Leery French Bedsteads all your life you would probably think the high ones quite clumsy affairs.","I hope that Williams will exchange with Judge Thompson and would be glad if he would do so next term which commences the 12th of next Sept. I hope if he comes that he will bring his wife with him.\n    \nI did not ask Mr. Rieston to take your Bible to you, as he said that he was going on horseback.","Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 29th 1860","My dear Sister, \nAmong the things laid out for this Saturday is the writing of a letter to you. The weather here is such that any one who does not learn at the feet of Jesus would pronounce dismal; as it is penetratingly damp in addition to wet falling snow- bordering on sleet. How different are the views of one who sees God in all things and one who sees Him in nothing. This reminds me of of the Peasant who said that the weather tomorrow will be just such as pleases me, because it will be such as pleases God, and that always pleases me.","How do you like Mr. Thomas Preston? What is being done for the Redeemers cause in Beverly? How I would like to be with you! A visit to you is one of the pleasant things in prospect. I hope that you are all well again.","Do not have too much anxiety about bringing up your children, trust in God assistance, and it will be given. I think of our Sainted Mother and take courage from God's promise I will show mercy unto thousands (of generations) of them that keep me commandments From this passage a parent as will as children may draw great comfort. If a parent but keeps God's commandments, he or she may be well assured that God's mercy will rest upon the children.","I am looking forward with great interest to the 4th of Jany. when the Christian people for assistance, of this land will lift their united prayer as incense to the Throne of God in Supplication for our unhappy country. What is the feeling about Beverly respecting Secession? I am anxious to hear from the native part of my state, I am strong for the Union at present, and if things become no worse, I hope to continue so. I think that the majority in this county are for the Union; but in counties bordering us there is a strong secession feeling. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 23rd, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour kind letter reached its destination after Anna had left for North Carolina to visit her parents and be present at her sister Sue's wedding. She left last Monday morning. I heard from her in Richmond. She wrote that Providence had greatly blest her. She went as far as Richmond with a lady from this place. From Richmond she was to go to her destination with her Brother William who was to leave Washington for the purpose.","I feel very lonesome \u0026 greatly wish that I had you as next door neighbor. Today is raining \u0026 I stay pretty much in doors.","I hope that Thomas will spare no pains to get all the education practicable before coming to the Institution. He will thus be enabled to take our course to greater advantage, and will be in a position to graduate higher in his class.","Yesterday was celebrated with becoming honor, due to the memory of Washington. I trust that this letter will find you all in usual health at least. My throat is troubling me today. I would be glad to hear from Thomas or from any of the children.","Your affect. brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 6th, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter net with a welcome reception and I intended answering it last Saturday, but was prevented. I am very much gratified to learn that Mr. A. has consented to aid the church provided Mr. P remains with you. From Grace's letter I saw that he would remain if a proper salary could be raised. Do what you all can to make up the amount \u0026 I will be responsible for the rest. I would rather pay his whole salary than have him leave Beverly at this time. I still hope that Mr. Arnold may become a Christian. I know that the change to effect this must be great, but who will limit the power of the Holy Ghost. You were once a disbeliever, but a mother's prayers have been (as I believe) answered \u0026 who can say but that your prayers \u0026 the prayers of others may be heard for Mr. Arnold: for years I have been praying for him \u0026 expect to continue doing so. how great has been the change in him to agree to aid in preaching the Gospel. Pray on for him \u0026 pray for more faith. You speak of your temptations- that you shall be a cast away: don't tolerate such an idea for a moment. God draws his sensible presence from us to try our faith. When a cloud comes between you and the sun do you fear that the sun will never appear again? I am well satisfied that you are a child of God, and that you will be saved in Heaven, therefore ever to dwell with the ransomed of the Lord. So you must not doubt. The Natural Sun may never return to the view of the child of God when once concealed by an intervening cloud but the Sun of Righteousness will. But there is one very essential thing to the child of God who would enjoy the comforts of religion \u0026 that is he or she must live in accordance with the law of God- must have no will but his- Knowing the path of duty, must not hesitate for a moment, but at once[?] walk in it. Jesus says my yoke is easy \u0026 my burden is light \u0026 this is true, if we but follow him in the prompt discharge of every duty, but we mustn't hesitate a moment about doing our[?] duty under all circumstances as soon as it is made known to us \u0026 we should always seek by prayer to be taught our duty.","If temptations are presented, you must not think that you are committing sin in consequence of having a sinful thought- The Savior thought a sinful thought of worshipping Satan, what could be more abhorrent to a Christian's feeling than such a thought. But such thoughts become sinful if we derive pleasure from them, we must abhor them if we would prevent our sinning. The Devil inputs sinful ideas into our minds to disrupt our peace \u0026 to make us sin \u0026 it is our duty to see by prayer \u0026 watchfulness that we are not defiled by them.\n    \nGod has done great things; astonishing things for you \u0026 your family. Don't doubt his eternal love for you.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 13th, 1861","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to answer your letter for some time, but have from various causes been prevented. I wish I could see you with me again in Lexington, but as I don't expect to have that pleasure this spring, I hope to see you in Beverly next summer. In regard to those little histories of which you spoke, I will try \u0026 get Mr. Thomas to take a couple of them to you as a present. They may keep you reading until you have an opportunity of purchasing yours. Send to Harper \u0026 Brother, New York \u0026 I think if you will write to them beforehand that they will let you have them a quarter lower that the retail price which was 60 cents. When I purchased mine he let me have them at 45 cents, as I purchased a number of Books and I think he will do the same now. I don't like to ask Mr. Preston to carry anything, as he will probably not be able to take everything which he wants of his own, in consequence of his being on horseback \u0026 leaving home for several months \u0026 possibly for a year.","Your Aunt will attend to your request. I am sorry to learn that Mr. Chenoweth's health has failed: but hope that he may soon be restored. ","We have had very wet weather here during the present week, but I think that it is probably about over.","Your Aunt joins me in love to you all. She spoke of writing to day, but as I wanted to answer your letter she consented to postpone hers.","You must write to me often. \nYour affectionate Uncle \nThomas.","I am gratified to see from your letter that you are so much pleased with Mr. Preston as a preacher.","Baltimore \u0026 Ohio R. R. Telgraph","By Telegraph","Dated H. Ferry April 30, 1861 \nTo Jas. M. Jackson","An ordinance equalizing taxation onproperty throughout the sate of Virginia passed the convention of this twenty seventh inst (27th). Let papers publish.","T. J. Jackson \nCol. Commanding \nat Harpers Ferry","Charge 25 cts.","Division Head Qrts. \nHarpers Ferry \nMay 5th, 1861","Colonel, \nThe object of this letter is to request that you will look our for the interests of Massie, McDonald, and Cunnningham, they are all valuable officers. Though I recommended Massie to the Governor soon after my arrival here, yet at that time I didn't know his full worth. He is an invaluable staff officer, and I should greatly regret to lose him. I hope that you may find it consistent with the interest if Public Service to give him a Lieutenant Coloneley of the Inspector Generals Department.","McDonald and Cunningham both prefer the Corps of Engineers (Regular Service).","I am colonel, \nVery Respectfully yours. \nT. J. Jackson","To \nCol. F. H. Smith \nMember of Council of State","Harper's Ferry \nMay 25th, 1861","Governor, \nThe object of this letter is to state that Mr. W. S. H. Baylor, late Colonel of the Augusta regiment has qualities which would make him a valuable Colonel if an opportunity were offered for their development. During the insubordination at this place, which resulted from depriving the works of their field and general offices, Mr. B. instead of at once going to Richmond to advance his personal interests, remained here until he succeeded in quelling the insubordination in his Regiment, and I was forcibly impressed with the influence which he exerted over his men. He possesses fine qualities for an officer and consequently feels deeply that the other Colonels were reinstated whilst he was only appointed a Major. I am well satisfied from what I know of him personally, that he would as a colonel, be an ornament to the Service. \nI am Governor, your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nCol. Va. Vols.","Jany. 2d, 1862","Major, \nI am much obliged to you for the nice lemons you have sent me.\nIssue one day's rations of Hd. Bd. As you suggest.\nI am glad to see that you are so well supplied.\nYou disappointed not only me but the Staff by not dining with us on Christmas.","I have been concerned about your health, as I hear that you do not look so well as usual. I hope that you will take special care of your health.","Respectfully yours, \nT. J. Jackson\nLt. Genl.","Hear Quarters Valley Dist. \nUnger's Store Jany. 13, 1862","General, \nThe enemy have evacuated Romney, leaving part of their stores behind. \nRespectfully you Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. Comd.","Genl. J. E. Johnston \nComd. Dept. of N. Va.","Winchester \nFeby 11th 1862","My dear Doctor \nYour very kind and Christian letter respecting my proposed withdrawal from Field Service has been received, and be assured that it met with a cordial reception. My desire to serve our cause is undiminished, but I am in active service not because it is more congenial to my taste, but from a sense of duty. The moment that my services are not required in the field I desire to return to the Institute.","After God had restored to us the county of Morgan East of the Big Capon River and the most valuable portion of Hampshire County, and was still driving the enemy from this Military District, the Secretary of War without consulting me upon the subject, sent an order to me stating that he has information, that Genl. Loring's command is in danger of being cut off, and directs me to order him back to Winchester immediately, thus unnecessarily abandoning to the enemy what had been restored to us. If such a policy as that was to be pursued by the Secretary at his desk far removed from the theatre of war, ruin must result to our cause, and I feel called upon to utter my strongest protest against such a ruinous policy, and this I designed doing by offering to resign, rather than be the willful instrument of carrying out a ruinous policy. So far as the secretary may have shown indignity to me personally, that is not a matter to be considered in times like the present. I am satisfied that my course was a good one for our cause, the effect that it may injuriously have in the estimation of men respecting me, is of but little moment.","I say it humbly but with the hope that you will live to see that my course has been what it should have been. I am every ready to remain in the field when I can have a prospect of being useful there. Pray that I may be useful.\nI am sincerely your friend \nT.J. Jackson","Winchester \nFeby 18th, 1862","General \nI have received information that there is below Washington another Brigade besides Sickles' and that they are provided with pontoon trains by which they can cross their Art. \u0026 other force in about four (4) hours and that they design doing so with the night at three or four different points, and that the first favorable night is the time fixed upon. That the crossing is to be followed by the reoccupation of Fredericksburg.","The 1st Tennessee leaves for Knoxville at dawn tomorrow morning. Would have left this morning, but I thought it best not to move until something could be heard respecting the time when the cars could receive them, as the weather has been very bad, and the troops are comfortable in their present position, \u0026 are within a day's march of Strasburg. Tomorrow at 10 o'clock A.M. the 1st Georgia will leave, and the Regiments for Genl Humes will move in time for their R. R. transportation. As there is no evidence of an immediate move on this place, I do not attach much importance to the information respecting the crossing of the Potomac below you, but have felt it my duty to make mention of it. The information is that the crossing is to be at night. The troops for Manassas can leave at any time via Snicker's Gap; as the boats now there will transport 250 Inft. per trip, but unless I receive further instructions from you, I will keep them as you directed until after the Regiments for the Virginia District leave.","Respectfully your Obt. Servt. \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl","Winchester, VA. \nFebruary 18th 1862","J. J. Jackson Major Gen. Comdg.","Reports information concerning enemy's strenght \u0026 intended operations on lower Potomac. Departure of the troops of Genl. Loring's command.","Winchester \n8.40 p.m. March 4/62","General \nMy dispatch to Genl. Johnston of yesterday as well as today was important. Please let me now at once whether either of them was captured. I think that we had better send nothing more for the present via Snicker's Gap, but everything via Ashby's. I will keep a lookout for [Miss] Osborn. I will understand the [ ]1. The Yankees are in Smithfield which is about 6 miles west of Charles Town.","Respectfully your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nBrig Genl. D. H. Hill \nComd C. S. Forces, Leesburg.","Winchester \nMarch 7th, 1862","My Dear Colonel, \nI much regret that there should be an attempt at such foul aspirations against your character as named in your letter, which I received yesterday. On the 21st Inst. my mind was so occupied with the movement of troops during the Battle, that I observed but little of the minutia of individuals beyond what was necessary to see plans carried out. But so favorable was the impression of your conduct on my mind at the time of making out my report, when my memory was more fresh than at present, that I felt it was official duty to speak of you in terms of great praise. At the time of making out my report, I was suffering from my wound, and wrote but a short report, but all that is in it respecting yourself, is such testimony, as a meritorious officer successfully fighting for the Liberty of his country deserves. I see that I forwarded your report to Genl. Johnston and you had better get a copy of mine from him if you need it, as there might be a military impropriety in my sending you a copy. If the General hasn't got mine, request him to direct me to furnish him with a copy, or to furnish you with it either. But if you have any hesitation about making the request of the Genl. let me know, and I will send you a copy of the report so far as it relates to you. I did not retain a copy of your Report.","Today I will commence in a quiet way gathering up such facts and names as may be of use to you, should there be any occasion for them. Anything I can do, you must depend upon me for as it will be both a duty and pleasure to send you.","Your daughter, Mrs. [?] and Mrs. Jackson left here in the same stage on last Tuesday. Sandy is recovering from a very severe cold.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley District \nNear Mt. Jackson March 20th, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nAs Lt. Col. Grisby was on furlough when I last wrote to you, my second letter has been postponed until his return. I sent for him today, and he states that he probably saw more of you during the Battle, and had more to say to you, than any other officer; and that you behaved as bravely as an officer should, and appears to have been impressed with your coolness and courage, and speaks of your conduct in high terms, and says that with the exception McLachlin d of the time when you went to the rear \u0026 hitched your horse, that you were forward with your battery.","McLachlin does not appear to recollect much respecting you during the engagement as he states that his attention was given to his pieces, and that is very natural, I know that I observed but little of individuals except as duty brought me in contact with them. Though he says that you were with the leading piece when the battery went forward on the line of battle, and that his his opinion is that just before the piece went to the rear, you gave direction respecting the firing.","Should you have Brockenbrough Court Marshaled, I would advise you to have Grisby summoned as a witness. ","Very Truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley Dist. \nApril 16th, 1862","Mrs. M. K. Langhorne, \nYour note respecting you brave son has been recd. and I hasten to say that you may rest assured that I will give special attention not only to his exchange when an opportunity offers but also to his unfortunate comrades.","Yours sincerely, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. V. Dist. \nBig Spring \nApril 18th, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Inst.","General, \nIf you can possibly spare Colonel Williamson for a week or ten days, I hope that you will give him a leave of absence for the purpose of assisting me professionally.","I am General your obdt. servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Hd. Qts. at Swift Run Gap \nApril 28, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. V. M. Institute","General, \nI have an important movement in contemplation and I regret to trouble you again when the subject of letting Col. Williamson join me for a few days; but if you can possibly do so, I hope that you will let him leave immediately upon the receipt of this, and join me with all possible dispatch. Should he come, let him on reaching Staunton call on Major A. W. Harman for relays of horses in order that he may reach this point or wherever it may be in the shortest time.","My prayer is that the proposed undertaking will receive God's blessing for without it I can do nothing.","Should you be able to grant my request, you may rest assured that I will not retain the Colonel longer than necessary and should you desire his services at any time before the completion of his work, you have but to notify me.","I send herewith authority for him to impress horses.","I am General your obedt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Head Quarters May 3rd, 1862","Spec. Orders \nNo. 214","Maj. Gen. F.H. Smith having brought the Corps of Cadets of the Va. Mil. Inst. into the field, Quartermasters, Commissaries, and Ordinance Officers will furnish him all necessary supplies from their respective Departments.","By Order \nMaj. Gen. Jackson \nA.S. Pendleton \nA. A. A. G.","Near Harrisonburg \nMay 19th, 1862 \nHon. A. R. Boteler","Dear Sir, \nAccording to my promise I notify you that I am going down the Valley. But I can not say that I would advise to come on as my movements mat not be such as would enable you to visit your home. Should you feel at liberty to join me, I hope that you will do so at your earliest convenience.","What is the prospect of having Lt. Cols. J. R. Jones \u0026 A. Snead appointed Brig. Generals.","Very truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qtrs. Valley District \nMay 29, 1862 \nMajor Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Institute","General, \nI am very grateful to you for your cooperation. Please call on the proper Departments at Staunton for transportation and Subsistence. When I get a tent or room to write in you shall hear from me again.\nI am General, your obdt. Serv. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Port Republic \nJune 6, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nI have recommended Lt. Col. J. R. Jones late of the 33rd Regt. Va. Vols. For a Brigadier Generalcy. I greatly need his services as such, any thing you can do towards securing his appointment will be valuable service rendered to our cause. You may remember the part he bore in the capture of the arsenal at Apalachicola. To him was entrusted the quelling of the insurrectionary movement in this District last Spring and it was effected greatly to my satisfaction. ","Col. J. goes to Richmond at my request. My recommendation of him sometime since was without his knowledge, and he is too modest a gentleman to do much in the way of pressing this matter as it affects him personally(?), and I therefore trust that this will do it for him. Please introduce him to Hon. A. R. Boteler, who has already taken steps towards securing the appointment.\nRemember me very kindly to the Governor.","Very truly your friend, \nT. J Jackson","Gordonsville \nJune 20th, 1864","My dear Doctor, \nYours of the 9th instant has been received, but was not handed to me by Mr. [?].  If I see an opening for an army appointment for him, I will try and secure it but I fear that no such appointment will be secured without the recommendation of the Colonel or other officers of a regiment where his services may be desired.  If he can secure such a recommendation it will most certainly secure the appointment.  I am glad that he has come, and I will talk with Major Dabney respecting him, with the hope that the Major may be the means under God of increasing his usefulness.","For our prayer accept my warmest thanks, and I trust that you, and all our Christian people will with increased [?] with God implore his blessing upon our cause.  He can give us victory, and crown us with complete success, and He alone can.  My trust is in Him, and in Him along, and unto His name be all the glory for every success and every blessing.","Give my kindest regards to Mrs. White and all the family.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","White Oak Bridge \nJuly 10th, 1862","General, \nYours of this date has been received. I send you a copy of the order for falling back. There are no infantry that I am aware of in front of you this morning. If no instructions have reached you, I would, if in your place, move off to your position near Williamsburg road. I expect to leave here this evening about 3 o' clock.","Stuart is still in front. I saw Capt. Rufus Barring yesterday. He says that his youngest child if dangerously ill.","Respectfully, \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","July 31st, 1862 \nMy dear Doctor, \nI am very grateful to you for your prayers to God for the success of the operation which God has entrusted to me. Please continue to pray for me and for the success of the troops entrusted to me. It cheers my heart to think that many of God's people are praying to our very kind Heavenly Father for the success of the army to which I belong. Without God's blessing I look for no success, and for every success my prayer is, that all the glory may be given unto Him to whom it is properly due. If people would but give all the glory to God, and regard his creatures as but unworthy instruments, my heart would rejoice. Alas too frequently the praise is bestowed upon the creature. Whilst we must not forget the superior importance of spiritual victories, yet I trust that you will under God's direction do what you can in securing the prayers of His people for the success of our arms, especially for the success of them which are entrusted to me, an unworthy servant, but who desires to glorify His name even in my present military calling. My trust is in God for success. Praying for a continuation of your usefulness I remain your much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","My Dear Maggie \nIn haste I drop you a line in answer to your letter of Oct.3d. I regret not having a position to which propriety Mr. Estill can be assigned. The best opening that I see for him is to secure an appointment as an ordnance officer. There are to be 70 appointed after being examined by a board upon their qualifications. Harry Estill is among the number. It appears to me that his brother Charles ought to pass examination by giving attention to the subject.","I am much obliged to you for your kindness. ","I deeply sympathize with you all in the death of dear Willie. He was in my first Sabbath school class where I became attached to him when he was a little boy. I had expected to have him as one of my aid de camps but God in his providence has ordered otherwise.","Remember me very kindly to Col. Preston \u0026 all the family. \nAffectionately your brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Near Gordonsville \nAug 7th, 1862","General, \nI am much obliged to you for giving Cadet Morrison a leave of absence. Should you not receive from his father a letter within the prescribed time requesting that his son's resignation be accepted, I respectfully request that you will accept it upon this my application.","I am General yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","5 am Bristow \n27 Augt 62","General, \nPermit me to congratulate you upon the brilliant success with which God has blessed you.  You deserve promotion. The 12 Geo. \u0026 15th Ala. Regt. have been ordered to you this morning.","If you have commissary stores enough please send 5000 rations to Genl. Ewell at Bristow as soon as you can get transportation.","I am Genl yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Sharpsburg \nSept 16th, 1862","Miss Fairfield, \nI have received the nice breakfast for which I am indebted to your kindness.  Please accept my grateful appreciation of you hospitality.\nVery sincerely yours, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd Qrs V. Dist Sept. 22nd, 1862","General, \nI respectfully recommend that Corporal Jas. P. Smith of the Rockbridge Artillery be appointed Aid de Camp and directed to report to me for duty. As 1st Lt. G. G. Junkin has resigned I desire Mr. Smith to be his successor. He has been acting as A. D. C. since the 20th instant and I respectfully request that his appointment be dated accordingly.","I am General your most obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","T. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. V. Dist. Oct. 15th, 1862","Revoking approval of Maj. Genl. D. H. Hill recommendation of Col. D. K. McBeal for a Brigadier Generalcy.","Hd. Qrs. A. N. Va. \nOctober 16th, 1862 \nResptly forwarded \nBy order of Genl. R. E. Lee","Clarke County Va. \nOct. 30th, 1862","My dear Doctor, \nYour kind and Christian letter of the 16th inst, with the accompanying resolution have been received, I write this note to thank you for having so effectually complied with my request, and to ask that your prayers and Christian efforts be continued as before requested, My trust is in God, and it is a great comfort to know that he answers prayer. I am very thankful to our kind Heavenly Father for restoring you to health. I hope that both your sons if not entirely well at present soon will be. \nYour much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","Dec. 7th, 1862","Dear Genl, \nI have not yet found the sermon by Bishop Elliott of which mention was made when with you last. But I send herewith another of his sermons which I hope you will after reading forward to some friend in order that it may under God's blessing accomplish much good. The part marked on the 19th \u0026 20th pages comes up to my idea of what is the very reasonable \u0026 most important duty and high privilege of our people at this time.","The sermon was given me by Mrs. Brent of Winchester last winter or early in March and has not been sent out among the troops as all religious matter should.","Sincerely your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va. \nDec. 8th, 1862","Genl, \nWhen you last wrote I presume that Mount Mass. \u0026 Hop Yard were not picketed for want of time after Genl. E. received the order, but before [now] I expect that the pickets are in position. I wish that you and Genl. E. would arrange the picketing dividing the work between the two divisions proportionally","I have written to Genl. Lee for the purpose of having a [c?] picket at Dickinson's crossing.","I am Genl. Yr. obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.","Major, \nCol. Crutchfield is very desirous of having a commissary for my reserve Art. The object of this note is to ascertain whether you have one that can be assigned there. Who have you at Milford Depot?","If you have no commissary to spare for the purpose, and you know of a suitable person I wish you would recommend him and send the recommendation through these Hd. Qrs. How would Campbell do? What I desire you to do is to recommend the most worthy if one is to be appointed.","Can one commissary attend to the duties at Milford Depot and also to seeing that the Arty. wants?","Take care of yourself \u0026 when you feel like taking a long ride, come down and see me.","Respectfully your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","My dear sister Isabella, \nYour letter of the 15th respecting Genl. Hill was received yesterday. My first step was to try and arrange things so that he would remain with this Army; but after several interviews with him and also with Genl. Lee, I became satisfied that it would be impolite to insist on his remaining. Genl. Lee manifested to great interest in Genl. Hill, and a great desire that he should not resign. He \u0026 I took the same view as yourself respecting his feelings after being out of service a while, and we both thought it best that he should be ordered to Richmond where he could be ordered to duty else where \u0026 to some position where he could have more comforts than with this company or he given a leave to go home as circumstances might justify. It appears that the War Department took a similar view. The last news received from the Dept. was that his resignation would not be accepted at present but if necessary, a leave of absence granted. I am probably wrong in saying that this Course was determined on by the War Dept. What I should have said, is, that Genl. Lee who has returned from Richmond told me that he had so recommended and I am well satisfied that his recommendation has not been departed from.  Genl. Hill has probably explained to you before this, the causes which induced him to leave here. I tried to remove what I could influence, but was not successfull. For his services the Country owes him a lasting debt of gratitude. My prayer is that he will continue in the service until the war terminates, and that our Heavenly Father will give him success. And that his health and strength will not be so over taxed in the future as it had been in the past.","The subject of his leaving the army gave me great concern. I did not like to take any steps which would be distasteful to him. Though I thought he ought to go to Richmond, yet as he expressed his desire not to leave if a battle was about to take place, and as one might be fought any day. So far as I knew, I felt a hesitancy about doing anything which would separate him from his division in case of an action.","Genl. Lee proposed that he should take a leave of absence, and return to his division in the Spring, but Genl. Hill did not accept of it.","Though the case has been such as to give anxiety to you, Genl. Lee \u0026 myself, I am satisfied that Our God will over rule it for good. For He causes all things to work together for good to them who love Him. If the Genl. is at home when this reaches you, please give my love to him. Joseph, Robert and Maj. Ewing[?] are well. I have not seen Mr. Barrington for nearly two months. Give love to the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Corbyn's Farm \nCaroline Co. Va. \nFeby 11th, 1863","My dear Captain, \nYour letter of the 5th instant has been received, and your request will receive special attention. I am not sanguine of success, but an available opportunity may occur.","I regret to heat of the continued delicate health of Mrs. B. \u0026 child. Joseph Morrison has gone home to see his mother who is seriously ill. Capt. Avery had also gone on leave of absence of 25 days.","Genl. Hill has been assigned to duty in N.C.","Mr. Irwin \u0026 Sis with their children were at Cottage Home at last account. I hope that they will be there when Anna \u0026 Paul arrive there.","Should you come near me. I hope that you will not pass by without calling.","Very truly yours, \nT. J. Jackson","P.S. Genl. Stuart has arrived since the foregoing and he desires getting you appointed on His Military Court of which he has the promise. Say nothing about this, as the court is not yet secured. \nT. J. J.","Hd. Qrs. 2d Corps A. N. V. \nMarch 23d, 1863","General, \nI have learned officially this evening, that Mr. Col. Wm. R. Cox 2d N.C. Regt. \u0026 Judge Advocate of the General Court Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones is absent and will not return until the 2d of April. Under these circumstances I would respectfully recommend that Col. D.B. Penn of the 7th Louisiana Regt. be appointed Judge Advocate of the Court.","The accompanying papers were returned to me today by Col. W. P. Bynum of the 2d N. C. I. One of the envelopes was opened by him under the impression that the package concerned his Regt.","I am Genl. your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Gen.","T. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A.N.V. \nMarch 23, 1863 \nRecommending that Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.","Near Fredericksburg, Va. \nApril 15th, 1863 \nMessrs. Mitchell \u0026 Tyler","Gentlemen, \nYour note of the 11th instant informing me that you have not only repaired my watch but also replaced the indistinct gold dial by a white one, gratuitously has been received.","The object of this note is to thank you for your kindness, and to say that not only is the watch thoroughly repaired; but that I regard its usefulness materially enhanced by the new dial.","I am gentlemen, \n[Signature missing/cut out from letter at unknown date]","7.45 A. M.","General, \nYour dispatch of 6. A. m. has been recd. I have sent a scouting party down the road you are on for the purpose of communicating with you.  The party has taken 2 prisoners who report back of a regt. In rifle [?] in the wood.  I have ordered a force to the wood for the purpose of clearing it.","Respectfully, \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Major, \nPlease forward the above by telegraph.","I hope to get you a Colonelcy.","Yours truly \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.","The papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.","The papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).","All are original letters (ALS) written by Stonewall Jackson, unless noted otherwise.","Letters written while Stonewall Jackson was a cadet at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter fragment regards Stonewall Jackson's health and furlough.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letters written by Stonewall Jackson during the Mexican War.","Written on board the ship James L. Day. Letter regards travel to Point Isabel, Texas and general news about the Mexican War.","Written from Point Isabel, Texas. Letter regards travel to Texas, family matters, and plans to travel \"up the Rio Grande tomorrow.\"","Written from Veracruz, Mexico. Letter regards news of the Mexican War, daily life at camp, Stonewall Jackson's health, and family matters.","Written from camp near Veracruz, Mexico. Letter requests compensation for quartermaster duties.","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards a \"detailed acount of Mexico.\"","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards troop movements and life at camp.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards general news of the war and family matters.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter describes the Passeo, a central road through the city, and general news of the war.","Written from National Palace, Mexico. Letter regards news of the war and General Pillow's trial.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment.","Written from Governors Island, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's new station.","Written from Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Letter regards a trip to attend a court martial and the desire to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and travel back to New York.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards style of dress, historical studies, and that \"cholera has entirely disappeared from this place.\" Additionally, the letter includes a discussion of a thermometer.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards book catalogs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health, magazine subscriptions, and finances.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards family news, Stonewall Jackson's concern for Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) eyesight, and a new diet.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a fire at the stables, a potential visit in October, and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards the death of \"Uncle Cummins\" and family finances.","Written from Plattsburgh, New York. Letter regards travel to New York \"for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\"","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards an Invoice of Public Property.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a potential visit in October and the death of \"Uncle Cummins.\"","Written from Fort Ontario, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's membership \"of Courts Martial.\"","Written from West Point, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's visit to West Point.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. In the letter, Stonewall Jackson gives his approval to put his name before the VMI Board of Visitors for a professorship position.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards a potential position at VMI and family news.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment as a VMI Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's arrival at VMI.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson starting his academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health and a discussion of Christianty.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Stonewall Jackson's trip to see Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) next summer.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards garden seeds, fruit, and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a potential visit from George P. Terrill and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a missing package, family news, and a vocal concert.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and barracks construction.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virgina. Letter regards the springs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards an appreciation of Lexington and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards course designs for law lectures and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and preparations for teaching Natural Philosophy and Artillery.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards health and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and a potential visit in July.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards the springs and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to Niagara Falls, New York.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) daughter and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's application for professorship at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) infant daughter and Stonewall Jackson's pending appointment at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and includes a portion written by Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from Healing Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to the springs.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Stonewall Jackson's wife Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchase of books and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from \"Uncle Alred's.\" Letter regards the potential purchase of land.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Letter regards family news and notes that the cadets \"have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond [Virginia] but are expected to be home today.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter fragment regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Fragment regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lextington, Virginia. Letter regards corrections to the letter and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to Liverpool, England.","Written from \"Ship Asia at Sea.\" Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and the cities he wants to visit.","Written from Naples, Italy. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the places Stonewall Jackson visited during his trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. In the letter Stonewall Jackson announces his engagement to Mary Anna Morrison.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to Alum Springs.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and mentions VMI faculty meetings.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to visit the Arnold family.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas arriving in Virginia.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from White Sulphur Springs, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Thomas Arnold's accounts, which are written on the back of the letter.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter fragment regards discussion of purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and Grace Arnold's education.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchases for the house. The letter also contains a portion written by Mary Anna Jackson regarding a clothing pattern.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Grace Arnold's education and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Telegram regards \"equalizing taxation onproperty\" in Virginia.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards military officers.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards appointing W. S. H. Baylor as a colonel.","Letter regards rations and general news.","Written from \"Under's Store, HQ, Valley District.\" Letter regards enemy troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards news of the Civil War and Stonewall Jackson's desire to return to VMI.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards support of the Colonel in response to \"such foul aspirations against your character.\"","Written from \"Near Mr. Jackson,\" Virginia. Letter praises William N. Pendleton for actions in battle.","Letter regards the status of Margaret K. Langhorne's son.","Written from Big Spring, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Written from Swift Run Gap, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Order regards VMI Corps of Cadets joining the Civil War.","Written \"Near Harrisonburg,\" Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Valley District, Virginia. Letter thanks Francis H. Smith for his cooperation.","Written from Port Republic, Virginia. Letter regards promotion requests.","Written from Gordonsville, Virginia. Letter regards potential promotions.","Written from White Oak Bridge, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Bunker Hill, Virginia. Letter regards a potential position for \"Mr. Estill.\"","Written \"Near Gordonsville,\" Virginia. Letter regards a leave of absence for Cadet Morrison.","Written from Bristow, Virginia. Letter regards Isaac R. Trimble's promotion.","Letter thanks Miss Fairfield for breakfast.","Letter regards the potential appointment of Corporal Jas. P. Smith.","Order regards rovoking Col. D. K. McBeal as a brigadier general.","Letter regards religion.","Written from \"Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\" Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from \"Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\" Letter regards commissary.","Written from Caroline County, Virgina. Letter regards \"Gen. Hill\" leaving the Army.","Written from Caroline County, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Letter recommends that \"Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\"","Written from \"Near Fredericksburg,\" Virginia. Letter thanks Mitchell and Tyler for repairing a watch.","Letter regards troop movements.","Post-Civil War memoirs (circa 1865), written by Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving. The memoirs recount the winter of 1862-1863 when Stonewall Jackson established winter quarters on the Corbin estate in Moss Neck, Virginia.","This series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).","This series consists primarily of the incoming and outgoing correspondence files of Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) from the post-Civil War era.","This series contains papers relating to Julia Jackson Christian.","This series includes correspondence to and from Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson), Stark W. Arnold, Jonathan Arnold, and others.","This series includes pamphlets concerning the life of Stonewall Jackson, sheet music dedicated to Jackson, and other items.","Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creator_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creators_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"access_terms_ssm":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"date_range_isim":[1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA significant portion of the Stonewall Jackson papers are available \n\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/p15821coll4\"\u003eonline\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["A significant portion of the Stonewall Jackson papers are available \n online ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving (1826-1919). Her first husband was Richard Corbin of Moss Neck Plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Following Richard's death in the Civil War, she married Reverend Ovid Americus Kinsolving.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.","Jackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.","In April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.","Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving (1826-1919). Her first husband was Richard Corbin of Moss Neck Plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Following Richard's death in the Civil War, she married Reverend Ovid Americus Kinsolving."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e...Be not discouraged by disappointments \u0026amp; difficulties but on the contrary let each stimulate you to greater exertions for attaining noble ends \u0026amp; an approving conscience at least will be your reward. Please write to me soon. My health is as good as usual. During my furlough I was made an officer consequently my duties are lighter than usual. You may rest assured of my ....(section of letter missing)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e....what I have formerly...\u003cbr\u003e\nfriend \u0026amp; brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThos. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e...difficulty in obtaining them from the post office on account of another cadet's name being Thomas. R. Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am at present living in a room by myself my room mate having resigned in consequence of his father's ill health. The weather has been extremely cold \u0026amp; stormy here for the last few days though at present it is moderating. My studies for the approaching June examination will include Optics Mechanics Astronomy Magnetism \u0026amp; Chemistry together with drawing. I expect to commence taking exercises in riding in a day or two. At the examination last I rose in each of department of my studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA few days since I was called upon to pay the last token of my respect to a friend \u0026amp; fellow classmate in whom were combined both shining talents \u0026amp; the characteristics of a gentleman. His death was much lamented by his class mates who a few days subsequent to his death assembled \u0026amp; appointed a committee to attend to the erection of a monument to his memory. My health is at present as good as usual \u0026amp; I remain your well wishing brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eU.S.M.A. Aug 2nd 1845\u003cbr\u003e\nDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nActuated by a sense of duty I proceed to writing you a few lines hoping that they may find you enjoying the blessings of health and prosperity generally which I have some reason to expect.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou may infer that I am well and enjoying myself very well considering that I am deprived of the blessings of a home the society of the friends of my child-hood the cordial welcome of relatives and above all the presence of an only sister. Times are now far different from what they once were. Once I was in my native state at my adopted home none to give there mandates none for me to obey but as I chose surrounded by my playmates and natives all apparently eager to promote my happiness. But those were the days of my youth they have fled never again to return. They have been succeeded by days of quite a different aspect they have brought forth manhood with all its cares.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have before me two courses either of which I may chose in case that I am blessed with health and long life they are widely different in their natures and consequences. The first I may say would be to follow the profession of arms the second that of a civil pursuit as law. If I should adopt the first I could live independently \u0026amp; surrounded by friends whom I have all ready made have no fear of want, my pay would be be fixed. The principal thing I would have to attend to would be futurity. If I adopt the latter I presume that I would still find plenty of friends but my exertions would have to be great in order to acquire a name. This course is most congenial to my taste and consequently I expect to adopt it after spending a few years in pursuing the former.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have forgotten the contents of my former letter consequently I will mention my standing as it exists at present . In Drawing it is 59th, in Chemistry 25th, in general standing 20th, in Philosophy 11th, in conduct 1st. There are 60 members in my class at present nineteen above me and forty below me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI propose on coming to see my friends and yourself in July next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA member of the Corps was drowned a few days since his body was recovered about 5 days subsequent to the fatal stroke and interred with the honors of war. I had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He was a youth of promise stood high in his class and bid fair for long life. The news must have inflicted a sore wound on the hearts of his parents for he certainly was a favorite child. The corps is at present in mourning for him.There have been a number of distinguished men on the point for some time back among whom was Major General Scott. Many visitors favour us with calls among them are a number of ladies but they are not so fair as the daughters of western Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me frequently as your brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Point U.S.M.A. Nov. 25th 1845\u003cbr\u003e\nDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nIt has been but a few moments since I had the pleasure of receiving your affectionate \u0026amp; sister like letter with it came the blended feelings of satisfaction sorrow and remorse. Satisfaction to think that I still have an existence in the heart of an amiable and admired sister. Sorrow because of your delicate health. Remorse for the misfortunes of an uncle who has been to me a true friend.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs to your health it is my sincere wish that you may again recover it and of which I continue to live in hopes. My constitution as well as your own has received a severe shock but I believe is gradually recovering from its debilitated state. My exercises this year with the broad sword as well as the small are well calculated to strengthen the chest \u0026amp; expand the muscles so that I have some reason to believe that they will have the desired effects of restoring me to perfect health. And I hope that the same kind providence which has preserved us as the remnant of a family up to the present period will again favor us with an interview although in its wisdom it has marked out for us (at least for a period) widely different spheres of action and different places of abode. But I look forward with no small degree of satisfaction to the period when my circumstances will allow me to settle down near you \u0026amp; among my relatives in order to share with yourselves the ineffable pleasures of domestic circles. For your kind advice, and well wishes, you have my hearty thanks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince my last letter I have been transferred to the first section in Ethics \u0026amp; I think that I have probably a mark in it which will place me among the first five in my class in this science \u0026amp; which I consider as preferable to any other in the course.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a young gentleman here by the name of Withers who is from the south he has told me that his father was formerly of Virginia \u0026amp; that he has relatives still living there \u0026amp; that one of them who is a doctor visited his father two or three years since.This youth is an associate of mine \u0026amp; I would be glad to know whether or no he is a relative of mine which I could do probably if I knew the given name of doctor Withers of Fauquier who I know visited the south sometime previous to my coming here. If you recollect the time of his passing through Weston as well as his name I would be glad if you would insert them in your next provided it will be convenient to you though I do not wish you to put yourself to the least trouble on that account as I can obtain them otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is probable that you think hard of me because of my not writing more frequent. But I hope that the strict requirements of many duties as well as want of information \u0026amp; [_____] will prove a partial if not a complete excuse. Give my respects to Mr. Arnold \u0026amp; rest assured of my immutable attachment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e...is a little excitement owing to the proximity of Furlough \u0026amp; graduation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been expecting a letter from you in answer to my last but not knowing what might have occurred I have deemed it best to attempt another hoping that it will meet with better success than the former. [Futile?] may be the effort and feeble it must be [missing word or words] -ation that I but seldom turn my atten[tion] [missing word or words] elegance of [missing]. I hope that you will [missing] it to pass unnoticed. Thought it be divested of ev[ery] artificial merit yet it [be possessed of] a natural....\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRumor appears to indicated a rupture between our government \u0026amp; that of the Mexican. If such should be the case the probability is that I will be ordered to join the army of occupation immediately \u0026amp; if so I will hardly see home until after my return \u0026amp; the next letter that you will receive from me may be dated Texas or Mexico. But be the decre[e?] [missing] all knowing God as they may I hope that [missing] [s]hall ever continue to love you with a [missing].....\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn Board the James L. Day\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 22d 1846\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Uncle\u003cbr\u003e\nI have often thought of writing to you but have deferred it until the present which is the latest news which I will be able of give you previous to leaving the United States. I found after arriving at Fort Columbus that Capt Taylor had left that post from that place. I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where he had taken up his quarters. Leaving there about ten days afterward, I traveled by land about 410 miles to Pittsburgh at which place I embarked on board the steam boat Suatara which conveyed me to Cincinnati. From that city I came to New Orleans on board the steamer Hendrik Hudson. I have just left New Orleans Barracks and am now being transported to Point Isabell which I expect to reach in about 2 or 3 days. I am at present with Captain Taylor (who is a Virginian and a very fine man) 27 men and 84 horses. The principal part of the company is in Mexico at present. I belong to a company of light Artillery which is frequently called flying artillery. In an action if all the officers of the company should be well I will have to carry dispatches being unfortunately too low to have a command. It is possible that before this time General Taylor has had another battle. If he has not already had one it is thought by men of experience that he will have before entering Monterey.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent uncle a few days since tell him if it is not there it to Clarksburg and tell (the merchant) that I wish him to give for it. It will be more to him than. (Note: the sentence contains several words that have been blacked out with ink, thus making the full meaning difficult to determine)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather here is more pleasant than it was in the north before I left there. The city of New Orleans is very healthy and there is no yellow fever in it at present. I am enjoying comparatively good health at present and I do not believe that I have the liver complaint but am under the impression that the disease is neuralgic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my respects to my friends including your family of course and write to me as soon as you [can] ascertain where to direct your letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nP.S. I have arrived in sight of Point Isabel Texas and am now at anchor in a strong gale. The news came aboard yesterday that General Taylor would be ready for a battle on yesterday. The intelligence was by letter from Col. Whiting. I expect soon to start up the Rio Grande by steam for the purpose of joining the main body of the army as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTJJ\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoint Isabel Texas\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 25th/46\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister:\u003cbr\u003e\nI arrived in this port last evening and purposed on writing to you before closing my eyes in sleep but I was prevented from executing my purpose by the impossibility of procuring an idle pen. I have availed myself of this opportunity of writing in particular as it may be the last favorable one for days to come as in this country letters are generally transmitted from one person to another through the kindness of a third person or the quartermasters. How I shall be able to get this to New Orleans I can not say but it must be through one of these channels. There are at present about one hundred vessels in port, some of which I presume will soon sail for New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is useless for me to attempt to give a detailed account or narrative of occurrences since I last parted with you but suffice it to say that I arrived home on the following Monday and on the succeeding Wednesday received orders to report without delay to Capt. Francis Taylor and the following day in compliance with my orders bid farewell to my uncle's family and proceeded to Fort Columbus but on arriving there ascertained that he had left. On receiving this information I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where I found him. From that post in connection with Capt. Taylor thirty men and forty horses I took up march for this place. After traveling upwards of 400 miles by land we reached Pittsburgh where we took water and have finally arrived here after a March of about 36 days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhilst I was in Clarksburg I learned that Mr. McWilliams was still in your house and unable to pay rent for it and I was advised to consult Burtin Despard. He told me that the house could be cleared of its occupants in a short time but that it might cost about fifteen dollars to effect it and if Mr. Arnold should desire him that he would attend to it. And if I had to employ any one he should have the preference in as much as he would in my opinion effect it in a shorter time than any other attorney in Clarksburg. The lot which you were speaking of purchasing he told me that in his opinion you could not get a good title for it if you should purchase it because it is already covered by three deeds of trust. Any further information upon the subject can be obtained by applying to Mr. Despard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not yet landed but an officer of the Quartermasters Department has been aboard and stated that General Taylor had observed that he would be ready for another battle by yesterday. This news came by letter from Col. Whiting. Whether the Battle came off or not I can not say.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI belong to K company 1st Artillery which to use the common phrase is a flying company of Artillery. I could say much more but I am writing in a strong gale of wind and where things are all confusion. I am in hopes of starting up the Rio Grande tomorrow and on reaching General Taylor as soon as possible. I wish you to write to me soon directing your letter to Lieut T.J. Jackson, Comp K, 1st Artillery, Army of Occupation Mexico. It may reach me but not with certainty. My health is better than it has been for some time. Give my respects to the good people of Beverly they still occupy a high place in my esteem especially your amiable husband whose kindness as well as yours has been indelibly written on my heart and memory.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI now send you the long delayed letter and hope that you will pardon my procrastination since I last wrote to you. I have been at Matamoras Camargo Monterey and Saltillo and the intermediate towns. At present I can not conveniently give you a general idea of the portions of Mexico which have fallen under my observation but hope to do so at some future day when things are more settled than at present and I also purpose on writing to you more frequently.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt would have [afforded] me much pleasure to have been with the gallant and victorious General Taylor at the battle of Buena Vista in which he has acquired laurels as imperishable as he history which shall record the invasion of Mexico by our victorious armies. But I was ordered away from Saltillo in January last and I believe for the best inasmuch as I am now with the most important portion of the army and on the most important line of operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am now encamped on the road leading from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico. Our troops landed about two miles from the former city on the ninth inst and on the same night were fired on by the Mexicans. On the following day we commenced surrounding the city and operating against it. The operations after the [investment] was completed consisted principally in bombarding and cannonading which were continued until not only the city but the castle of San Juan Dulloa agreed to surrender. The capitulation occurred yesterday. The terms are that all the public property falls into our hands, the troops march out under the condition of not serving against us during the present war unless exchanged. The troops marched out yesterday and surrendered their arms and we took possession immediately. This capitulation has thrown into our hands the strong hold of this republic and being a regular [siege] in connection with other circumstances must in my opinion excel any military operations known in the history of our country. I approve of all except allowing the enemy to retire that I can not approve of in as much as we had them secure and could have taken them prisoners of war unconditionally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOur loss is not accurately known nor that of the enemy either yet but in my estimation ours can not exceed twenty men in killed, we lost only two captains (Capt Vinton of the artillery and Capt Alburtis of the infantry). I have been in the city and was much surprised at its strength. It is surrounded on the land side by a wall about 10 feet high and a series of forts and on the other side is protected by the castle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou asked me whether I belonged to General Worth's division. I had the honor of being in it so long as it existed but it has been broken up during the past siege. I was part of the time with him and part of the time with General Twigs. Whilst I was at the advanced batteries a cannon ball came in about five steps of me. I presume that you think my name ought to appear in the papers but when you come to consider the composition of our army you will entertain different views. Its composition is such that those who have independent commands only are as a general rule spoken of for instance Ridgely May [Bra--] Duncan Ringold Smith all commanded companies. If an officer wishes to distinguish himself he must remain long in service until he obtains rank then he obtains the praise not only for his efforts but for the efforts of the officers and men under him. That portion of praise which may be due to me must of course go to those above me or be included in the praise given to the army.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health is extremely good. I probably look better than I have for years. I expect to remain in Mexico for the remainder of the war and expect to move forward with the leading Brigade. I expect to be promoted in a short time to a second lieutenancy. This will probably occasion me to leave the light battery but it will give me more rank which is of the greatest importance in the army.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me in the warmest terms to Mr. Arnold and all my other friends. I rejoice at your prosperity and hope and doubt not that it will continue. I hope soon to march forward towards the city of Mexico. Vera Cruz continues healthy. I intend writing soon and more frequently as my feelings incline me to and as a brother ought. Your last letters coming in such quick succession served as a just rebuke but my means for writing are poor. Even now I am using a box for a chair and my camp bedstead as a writing desk and think myself comfortably situated. You have all the conveniences necessary and I hope that you will use them to write often to one who esteems you above all.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamp near Vera Cruz Mexico\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 30th 1847\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir:\u003cbr\u003e\nHaving in compliance with written instructions from Capt Francis Taylor 1st Arty performed the duties of QrMaster from the 14th of August 1846 to include the 22d of the same month and from the 16th of Oct to include the 28th of November of the same year. The above duty was performed whilst on march from Fort Hamilton NY to Monterey Mexico and I have the honor to request that I may be allowed the usual compensation for the same.\u003cbr\u003e\nVery respectfully\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Obt Servt\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt 1st Arty\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJalapa Mexico\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 22d 1847\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI promised in my last that I would give you a more detailed account of Mexico in a subsequent letter. I will now endeavor to comply with that promise. In doing so I will first state in general terms that the portion of Northern Mexico which has fallen under my observation is mostly a vast barren waste cities excepted. There are but two seasons in Mexico wet \u0026amp; dry. In consequence of the drought there is but little vegetation in the north. A person in traveling through this sterile portion of country would not suppose that the country inhabitants were able to pay their taxes. But in the cities it is different. There wealth is frequently found one person residing in Saltillo is said to own a larger area of land than the state of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBut passing to the south the aspect of things change. You frequently {see} elegant buildings in the country. Genl Santa Anna owns between this place \u0026amp; Vera Cruz 5 beautiful houses and a tract of land about fifty five miles in length. The country in the south is very similar to our own. Whilst I was in Monterey my quarters were in the outskirts of the city having a large back lot attached which contained beautiful orange orchard. Also in this lot was a fine bathing establishment the dimensions being about 25 by 30 ft. Monterey is the most beautiful city which I have seen in the North of this distracted country.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbout 50 miles farther west is Saltillo the capital of Coahuila. Its [height] is about 2000 feet above the level of Monterey on an inclined plane at the edge of the table lands. The houses are generally built of sun dried brick as are most of the houses in that region. The church is the most highly ornamented on the interior of any edifice which has ever come under my observation. On entering this magnificent structure we are struck with the gaudy appearance on every side but most especially the opposite end which appears to be gilded with gold. At the bottom is a magnificent silver altar and on each side are statues which can not fail to attract the attention of the astonished beholder. The music is of the highest character. The priests are robed in the most gaudy of apparel. The inhabitants take off their hats on approaching the church and do not replace them until past it. One day whilst I was near the building I observed a señora (lady) gradually approaching the door on another occasion I saw a female looking at a statue and weeping like a child. Such is the superstition of this race.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter obtaining a [limited] transportation for General Twigg's division it set forward for Jalapa on the road leading to the city of Mexico. But on arriving near Cerro Gordo we learned that General Santa Anna held the pass in force consequently we waited for reinforcements which finally arrived and on the 17nst we attacked the Mexicans but did not succeed in routing them completely until the 18th when we took some thousand prisoners and completely routed the remainder. We followed close on the retreating column until night and came near enough to give the retreating enemy a few shots from the battery. But they succeeded in effecting their escape for want of our dragoons. General Scott after disarming the prisoners allowed them to retire the officers on [parole]. But General La Vega who is again our prisoner refused to except of his and I presume that he will be sent back to the U.S. Our loss has been considerable but not known neither is the Mexican. General Santa Anna escaped but in his haste left us his carriage \u0026amp; together with some thousand dollars in specie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Twiggs' division has fought the battle. General Worth has again got a division but he did not get it into action owing to its being used as a reserve and General Twiggs' as the advance. Capt Taylor in his report to General Twiggs has spoken of me in very flattering terms. I am now in Jalapa which is situated about 60 miles from Vera Cruz and 195 from the city of Mexico. General Worth is now in advance and if there is any fighting at Perote he will be apt to distinguish himself. He will probably be in the vicinity of Perote tomorrow at farthest and possibly today. It is rumored here that the Mexicans are fortifying their capital if so then we may have the grand battle there. A Mexican officer came here last evening from the city of Mexico and stated that his father had written to him from San [Louis] stating that General Taylor was there \u0026amp; had met with no opposition.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI can say no more as I have just learned that the escort by which I wish to send this has started because I must mount my horse \u0026amp; over take it or miss a good opportunity. I am in better health than usual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJalapa, May 25th, 1847\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLovely Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have the mortification of being left to garrison the town of Jalapa. Capt Taylor used his influence to keep me with him in which event I should have gone forward. But [Col. Childs] who was made military governor of this place got General Scott to issue an order requiring me to join my company which was under the command of the governor. Not withstanding my present situation I have some hope of getting forward by-and-by when more troops get in from the states. But all this is with General Scott. I throw myself into the hands of an all wise God and hope that it may yet be for the better. It may have been one of [His] means of diminishing my excessive ambition and after having accomplished his purpose whatever it may be he then in his infinite wisdom may gratify my desire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe army was to move at the time which I mentioned but General Scott concluded to disband the volunteers as their time had nearly expired and this so much diminished our force that we delayed the advance until a couple of days since. General Scott left on Sunday with an escort following in the wake of his troops. General Worth has been in Puebla for about 10 days. Santa Anna marched from Orezaba and commenced fortifying about half way between the cities of Puebla and Mexico but owing to some [cause] he relinquished it and marched into the capital left the army and is now in the presidential chair. As to his motives I cannot say anything further. But I suppose that he thinks that his influence will be more powerful there than elsewhere. The people here think him an infamous man. An election was held on the 15th for president and Herera was the successful candidate but will not take his seat for a few months yet.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am in fine quarters and making rapid progress in the Spanish language and have an idea of making some female acquaintances shortly. I see many things here of interest by the way of ornament and fruits and wish that I only had an opportunity of sending some to you and Thomas. I well know that he would like to have a ranchero (Mexican) on horse back followed by some large dogs. I would be much pleased to hear from Wirt poor fellow?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my respects to your estimable husband. I want to hear whether the reports about Uncles Cummins \u0026amp; Edward are true. I think of you often and my heart more than once upbraided me for my neglect to you. But I feared to inform you of things as they were in this unholy land. Your Brother always.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCity of Mexico\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 28th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDearest Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nThe mail came on the 26th and in vain I searched the post office thrice for a line from you and consequently sorrowfully commenced my letter to you but on leaving my desk for a few hours on business was agreeably surprised on my return to find your letter mysteriously placed on my table. And now whilst I recommence with joy inexpressible for tongue or pen at hearing of your life still being prolonged I am also most deeply affected with heartfelt sorrow at the words which say \"I may not live to receive your answer.\" But I hope that these words imply nothing beyond what they literally state. To God this is the earnest prayer of your brother. But if he in his great wisdom has afflicted you with disease incurable then may he in his infinite goodness receive you into his heavenly abode where though I should be deprived of you here in this world of care yet I should hope to meet with you in a land where care and sorrow are unknown there with a mother a brother a sister yourself and I hope a father to live in a state of felicity uncontaminated by mortality.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet not this letter trouble you dearest sister for I could not write one of a different cast with a clear conscience when you speak to me so ominously. But do not be [deterred] by any cause from saying to me plainly that I am sick or that I am well for ambiguity in relation to you is very painful to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou appear to think hard of my not writing more frequently but I have not only written by every mail but on one occasion sent by a Spanish friend in [five]. I have embraced every opportunity to say to you that I am in such or such a state of health. But for the future the intention is to send the mail by escorts twice a month on the first and fifteenth so that you may expect to hear from me by every mail until I am ordered from this city which may and which may not be at all as I am in General Smith's brigade and he is governor of the city. I am first Lieutenant and belong to Capt. Taylor's Battery. I hope the war may soon terminate but do not entertain much hope although the terms of a treaty have been sent to Washington and at present an armistice is being made or has been concluded but as yet is not public. Santa Anna has asked of his government a passport for the purpose of leaving the country and it was granted to him on the 13th inst. But it is doubtful whether he will go as several of the states have expressed themselves favorably to him and [------------] has offered him an asylum.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf we both live I expect to see you. Do not allow my words about marrying in Mexico to disturb you. I have sometimes thought of staying here and again of going home. I have no tie in this country equal to you. You speak of my fine horse as in your opinion being rather extravagant but if an officer wishes to appear best he should appear well in everything. I bought the horse having plenty of money and need of [ ] and have since been offered three hundred and fifty dollars for him, that is a hundred and seventy more than I gave and can at any time get more than I gave. My pay whilst with Capt. Magruder was one hundred and four dollars per month and I expect it will soon be the same here but at present it is only about ninety so that I have plenty of money and am in the long run economical although it would not appear to you so as here everything is dear and with you cheap. I dress as a gentleman should who wishes to be received as such. I do not gamble nor spend my money as I think foolishly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am very desirous of peace as it may be better for the United States \u0026amp; it may give me an opportunity of again entering your hospitable house \u0026amp; having that sight most delightful of all other earthly ones that is of my sister. My health I think is improving in this country and at all events my knowledge of Spanish is. As I shall have a better idea when the mail will start hereafter I shall try and send you more interesting letters. Remember me to Mr. Arnold \u0026amp; friends in the warmest terms. Your brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCity of Mexico. March 23, 1848.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have written a letter to Mr. Arnold and requested to be remembered to you in it but since finishing it I have concluded to send you one also. I received your letter of January 14th but the paper from Mr. Arnold did not come to hand but still I am as much obliged to him as though it had and trust that he will send others as they may have better success.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI thought at one time of writing a journal but I can not find the time as although I am usually up at six o'clock and retire to bed at ten and eleven still the day is not long enough. The morning hours I occupy in studies \u0026amp; business and the evening in a similar manner but generally taking a walk after dinner and sometimes a ride on the Passeo or elsewhere in the evening. The Passeo is a wide road on the south west of the city and about a half of a mile in length with a beautiful fountain in the center and is a place of fashionable resort. Families of wealth appear there in the carriages at sunset partly if not entirely for show. There is also a place of morning resort between the city and the Passeo called the Almeda which is a beautiful grove of about four hundred by six hundred yards and containing I think eight fountains. At the central one is celebrated the anniversary of Mexican independence and from this which is the largest beautiful walks diverge to the different outlets (the grove being surrounded by a wall). I purpose on riding to both these places this evening hoping to see something there more attractive than at home. When not on duty I generally pay a visit after supper or tea. Among those families which I visit are some of the first in the republic as Don Lucas Aleman Martinez del Rio and I also have the acquaintance of others of some distinction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy studies are now principally directed to the formation of my manners and the rules of society and a more thorough knowledge of human nature and the latter I perceive from your letter meets with your approbation and I doubt not but that the former two objects will also as they are very important to a man's success in life. You will pardon me for the mistake I have made in turning the leaves of this sheet. But returning to my subject this country offers me greater advantages for acquiring graces than I will probably ever meet with again unless I should visit Europe. The book which I am studying is Lord Chesterfield's letters to his son translated into Spanish so that whilst I am obtaining his thoughts I am also acquiring a knowledge of the Spanish tongue. I have also purchased the work in English and after having read it in Spanish I then purpose on reading it in English. Subsequent to this I shall study Shakespeare's works which I purchased a few days since and then if I can obtain good histories I wish to devote some time to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf Uncle Cummins \u0026amp; Edward should leave Lewis I wish you would get Uncle Edward to box up my books which are in his possession and send them to you. I hope that you will try and write me a letter once a week. I should write more frequently to you if an opportunity offered of sending letters more than twice a month. Owing to my knowledge of the language of the country and the acquaintances which I have made I think that I pass my time more agreeably than the greater portion of the officers of the Army, but if your company could also be had I would spend my hours still more agreeably. My love to all enquiring friends. My health is as good if not better than usual. General Scott's case has been investigated. The charges against Col. Duncan were withdrawn. Also General Worth withdrew his against General Scott. General Pillow's case is now being investigated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Palace Mexico. April 10, 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nAs three successive mails have arrived, without bringing a single letter from you, I am (and I think not without reason) uneasy about your health. As I do not know of any other reason but bad health which could have prevented your writing to a brother who is interested in everything that interests you. And I hope that if you have any regard for my peace of mind that you will write at least once every fortnight. If your health forbids your writing at any time, then get someone to write for you, if it should be but a dozen lines. I do not think that a regular mail has left this city, without carrying a letter for you from me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe treaty has arrived from Washington, with its amendments. Many think that it will receive the ratification of this government. But some think that it will not. For my own part I hope it will. Mr. Sevier I presume will be here in a few days. At last dates from Queretaro there were wanting fifteen congressmen, and three senators to complete the quorum. We have received news here of a battle at [Chiguagua], in which we took fourteen pieces of artillery from the enemy. I am at present studying Humboldt's history of Mexico, in Spanish. The rain is quite abundant here at present and interferes somewhat with my evening visits. It is believed that our presence here is destroying the extreme superstition of this country. But not withstanding the influence of our presence, the natives still with uncovered heads drop on their knees, at the approach of the Archbishop's carriage; which is recognized by its being drawn by two spotted mules.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Pillow's trial is not yet finished and the general opinion is that it will be terminated in the United States. We are told here that our people at home, think that the army do not wish to return from Mexico, but if such is the truth they are much mistaken. An expedition started a few days since, for [Popocatepitl] which is a volcanic mountain to the S.E. of and in full view of this city, and which still issues clouds of smoke at times. I should probably have gone my self, but as the temperature is so extremely low, resulting from the crest being capped with snow, I feared that my health might suffer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn conformity with the armistice, the Mexicans have taken possession of their archives, and have resumed the civil administration of their government. Santa Anna at last news, was at his hacienda near Jalapa (Encerro) again bidding adieu to his country. Whilst at his hacienda he received the visits of Colonel Hews, and several other American officers. General Valencia died a few days since in this city, the news of which proved fatal to his daughter, who died a few hours subsequent to its reception. I have heard of no other who mourned his fate. The general hospital is ordered to be moved to Jalapa, and General Patterson I believe will go down at the same time, to take command of the station. This movement appears to indicate an anticipation of leaving the country.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me to Mr. Arnold, Thomas and other friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCity of Mexico. May 20th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Secretary of War having informed me by letter of the 20th of April ult. that I have been appointed by the President Assistant Commissary of Subsistence I have the honor to notify you for the information of the war department that I have accepted the appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sir very respectfully your obdt. servt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\n1st Lt. 1st Arty Genl. R. Jones\u003cbr\u003e\nAdjt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGovernors Island\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 26th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nFinally I have arrived at this station which is in sight of the city of New York. I have had some hopes of visiting you this fall but I have not been able to arrange my affairs here for that purpose and consequently I can not say when I will be able to visit those of whom I so frequently think and so much desire to be with. I presume that I could get home this winter by making sacrifices which I ought not to make, for instance if I should leave some other officer might be attached during my absence who would rank me in case of his remaining with the company after my return. I do not believe that Capt. Taylor would give his sanction to any officers coming to the company who would rank me, so long as I remain with the company or so long as there are officers enough with it, but my absence might reduce the number of officers so much as to render another officer necessary to the company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBut I am in hopes that next summer I shall be able to see you and if so I purpose on visiting the springs at several places and visiting those parts of Virginia most remarkable such as the Natural Bridge. You will please let me know the distance from Beverly to Staunton, \u0026amp; the time in which the stage [visits] it, and also the distance from Beverly to the White Sulphur Springs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs yet I do not know where I will be stationed. I hope that ere this your eyes are perfectly recovered. I am still getting better. I have been brevetted a captain though as yet it is not published. Write frequently to your brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarlisle Barracks Penn\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 5th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI had the pleasure of receiving your letter directed to New York but the same day I received orders to attend as a member of a general court martial at this place which is about a hundred miles distant (east) of Pittsburgh {following 17 words are marked out with heavy ink}...in your own house on the 10th of October which is earlier than you even requested. As I have already given you my reasons for not coming this fall it is unnecessary to state that I may make sacrifices in visiting you. But on reading your letter I concluded that I would use my influence to do that which I so much desire to do (to visit you). But as yet, the court has not adjourned, and I have not yet got my leave of absence granted, but Capt. Taylor told me that he would not only approve of it, but recommend it, but before I can get it, I must obtain the permission of the Colonel of my Regt. and of the Secretary of War. But should I not arrive by the time specified, do not have anxiety about it. If it be unsuccessful the fault shall not be mine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are many very interesting ladies here, and there has been almost a soiree every day since my arrival, and at which I have enjoyed myself well. When I obtain my leave, should I get it, you must not expect me to stay with you more than a month. And I hope that your health will be much improved by that time. You need not write to me, until you receive another letter from me, as I cannot say where I may be any coming day. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, your family, and my other friends. My health I think, is still improving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor. Jany 1st 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI suppose that you begin to think it time, that I should write, but I am not certain that my physician agrees with you about that as he has been cautioning me about confining my mind too much. But at all events, I shall venture to say, that I am still living, and with the blessings of God, hope to live, for some years to come. My physician has pronounced my lungs and liver sound, and that the liver has only been sympathetically affected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI saw about that claim of [Warren's], and it is worth nothing, the Sheriff having failed to make his certificate. Whilst in Richmond, I called on Mr. Carlisle, and was received by him, in a very cordial manner, and during my stay there, he allowed no opportunity to pass unimproved, in which he could manifest his kindness. The night after I left your house I passed out at the head of the Valley river, and the next morning was in about 17 miles of Huntersville. But not withstanding I reached the Hot Springs too late for the Wednesday's stage, and consequently had to wait until Friday.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am as you have observed at Fort Hamilton, which is on Long Island about ten miles below the city of New York, and on the east bank of the Hudson River. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the children \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton. Feby 1st 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have more than once thought of your request to write to you and give you the fashions, but such would be a difficult thing for me to do as I do not know even so much as the name of the different parts of a ladies apparel. I in the matter of dress agree perfectly with the Parisians (who not only give the fashions for New York City, but for the civilized world) that a person ought to adopt such a style of dress as is most becoming the particular individual and not that which is adopted by the greater portion of mankind, unless it should be at least reasonably suited to your complexion, height, figure \u0026amp;.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have begun my historical studies having read about one fourth of Ro[bi]ns Ancient History. If Mr. Arnold can prevail on the wagoner who may bring my books to Cumberland, to put the box in the office of Adams \u0026amp; Co. who have an office in Cumberland, and a train of cars running from there to New York, he will secure them to me more effectually than in any other way. Let the man take a receipt for them, and forward it to me at this place. The box should be marked as follows: Captain T.J. Jackson, care of the Quartermaster in New York City, N.Y. The manner in which the company do business, is to give a receipt when any thing is delivered at the office and then to turn over the article when the receipt is presented, and if the article should get lost to pay the owner for it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe cholera has entirely disappeared from this place (Quarantine). The weather is quite disagreeable. I caught the rheumatism in your salubrious mountain air, which is harassing me no little. I am gaining strength and flesh. If Mr. Gibson will write to Captain Arnold, who is at Fort Monroe Va I am of the opinion, that he will get some information in relation to the ammunition which was charged to his brother, as he was a lieutenant in Arnold's Company. I am well fixed here, having my rooms both carpeted and decently furnished. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the family, Aunt White, Uncle, and our other relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. The gold fever is running very high here. I have conversed with Mr. Lo[e]ser, an officer of the Army from California, who says that a person can gather on an average about seventy five dollars per day, and that the climate is most delightful, the thermometer standing at from 60 to 70 degrees. As you may not know much about Thermometers, it may not be amiss for me to state, that the higher the thermometer stands, the warmer the weather is. Fahrenheit's thermometer which is the one commonly used in this country and the one referred to above, stands at 32 degrees when water freezes, at 55 degrees the air is temperate, at 75 degrees the air is at summer heat, at 95 degrees the air is at blood heat, and at 212 degrees the air would be at the temperature of boiling water. From the foregoing you observe that the climate referred to must be charming.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor April 27th 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nOwing to a desire to secure some catalogs for Mr. Arnold, I have not written earlier. Yesterday, I went to Harper and Brothers Book store; but he had none on hand; but said that he would have in a few days. I obtained one from Appleton's Book establishment and shall forward it by the same mail as this letter. It do not contain all his books, when I shall have obtained one from Harper, I shall also forward it. And if Mr. Arnold shall want any books that may not be found in either of them, let me know what ones they are, and I believe that I can find it in some part of the city.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour request had not yet been complied with, but I rely on your generosity of character; as my strength has forbid much exercise, and especially walking on the hard pavements of N.Y. city. But I am improving in both flesh and strength and I hope in health also. I am now under the care of one of the first medical men of N.Y. city. I have lately commenced visiting more frequently, and every few evenings receive an invitation to some social party. Yesterday whilst walking through the city, I thought of the pleasure which I would derive from sharing the contemplations of its beauties and wonders with you. Naturally I recalled to mind, and applied to N.Y. what the Frenchman asserted of Paris, when he said that when a man had seen Paris, that he had seen all the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn New York may be found all most anything which the inclinations may desire; but peaceful quiet: every thing is in motion, every thing is alive with animation. In its busy throng, none feel the long tedious hour; even the invalid for the time forgets his infirmities, and with wondering admiration contemplates the surrounding scene.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrequently you are the subject of my thoughts, and if you were only within reach of rapid communication would receive more frequent visits. The weather is moderating here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, June 12th/49\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nDoubtless you are expecting an answer to your last, and in truth, not without reason; as I have not written for more than two months. But my silence has not originated from your not replying to my former letters, but is due to other causes, such as weak eyes and pressure of business, as I have to discharge the duties of Quartermaster \u0026amp; Commissary in addition to my other company duties, and from such causes I have now a number of unanswered letters on hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish when practicable to write to you once every month, and I do not wish you to reply unless your eyes will admit of it without pain, because I prefer that your health should be preserved to any other Earthly consideration, and I hope that you will not strain your eyes on any account whatever. We can not appreciate our blessings unless deprived of them. My health is improving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI forward to Mr. Arnold a catalogue of Harper's publications. If there is anything in it which he wishes, I hope that he will not fail to let me know. When you get possession of my books, I wish that you would retain them until I see you, or write relative to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not subscribed for Graham's magazine, but will do so if you desire. I merely sent a copy in order to see how you would like it. I hope to send you a copy or number(?) of the Lady's Book which some prefer to Graham's, though I can not say which is best, but when you shall have received it, you can judge for yourself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have received my commission as Brevet Major, and am gratified that you had an opportunity of doing Judge Lee a favor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent a fifty dollar bank draft to Sylvanus White, with a request that he would pay Miss Caroline Norris a small sum, I think 2.50, 3.00 or 3.50 cts, which she let me have for the purpose of making a small purchase, which I did not make; and as I have heard nothing of him  since, and as some months have elapsed, I fear that something may be wrong. I wish that you would ask Miss Eliza Norris about it, and if Sylvanus has not settled it, I wish that you would. If at any time, you should not receive an expected letter, try and make yourself easy, as in case of any accident happening to me, I have friends who would not fail to give the necessary information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Cholera in the city is on the decline. I have no dread of it as I believe that those who keep their system in a healthy state have but little to fear.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour sincere brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, Monday, July 2/49\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe morning duties ended, and through the blessings of that all Ruling Being, I'm allowed the privilege and pleasure communing with you. I received some days since, a letter from John White informing me of your visit to him and of the news of his vicinity, but which it is not necessary to mention as I presume that all is probably already known to you. I was gratified to learn that Uncle C.E. had been released from the [illegible], and had left Lewis for a more congenial clime. I also received a letter from cousin Elizabeth [Griss], informing me of the marriage of cousin Indas (her sister), of her own recovered health and of the prospects of her promising brothers Ben and William. She also stated that the health of Aunt and Uncle Williams was good. But she had not heard from you, since my visit. If your eyes should become so, as to allow of your writing without pain, then try and drop her a note for truly she is one of your friends. But I hope that you will not strain your eyes for the purpose of writing to anyone. You can at least send her your card and an occasional messages by some of the Lawyers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel much concern about your eyes, for I fear you will strain them. Remember that the best physicians are opposed to straining that important organ and when it fails or begins to fail naturally that they recommend spectacles. But this should be the last resort, and should only be used when necessary : for instance, some persons can walk about, out of doors and in doors without the light hurting their eyes: but must use this auxiliary in reading. The great objection to spectacles is that when their use is once commenced, it must be generally continued through life. A person when selecting a pair should select the lowest number, which will answer the proposed end and then as circumstances require, increase it. But I would advise you not to use them as long as you can do without them (at the same time avoiding pain).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy eyes were so weak some months since that I could not look long at objects through the window and to look out of doors was frequently painful, though but for a moment, and I was reduced to the necessity of masking my looking glass on account of its reflection, and I could not look at a candle, not even for a second, without pain. I consulted my physician and he told me not to use them, and at the same time to avoid spectacles. I did so and at present can read a letter of three or four pages without feeling any inconvenience of consequence. My health is improving and my strength adhered to my wholesome diet, of stale bread and plainly dressed meat (having nothing on it but salt), that I prefer it now to almost anything else. The other evening, I tasted a piece of bread with butter on it and then the bread without it, and rather gave my preference to the unbuttered bread; and hence I may never taste any more of this once much relished seasoning. And I think if you would adopt for your breakfast a cup of moderately strong black tea, stale wheat bread (wheat bread, raised and not less that 24 hours old) fresh meat, broiled or roasted is best, the yolk of one or two eggs (the white is hardly worth eating as it requires digestion and affords but little nutrition). For dinner the same kind of bread \u0026amp; meat, one vegetable only, say peas, beans or this years potatoes, and for drink plain water. For tea, the same kind of bread and drink as for breakfast and nothing else, unless you choose a little butter. The great beauty of the foregoing is that it furnishes all the nutrition which food can give and at the same time does not interfere in the digestive process like other substances such as salt meats, cabbage, lettuce, desert (such as pies, preserves, nuts, and all kinds of sweetmeats). Of what I have recommended, you can eat as much as your appetite craves, provided that you take regular meals, and plenty of exercise, say not less than three hours per day. I presume that your daily duties require you to be moving probably that much. Salt meats may be eaten, but fresh is preferable, and I regard green tea \u0026amp; coffee so injurious to the nerves that you should always prefer water to either. Now if you can make up your mind to adopt the foregoing for one year, I think that you will probably never wish to change it, and that after using such a diet for two or three months that you may experience marked advantage from it, but you must bear in mind that your meals must be at fixed hours. If you arise at seven five or six O'clock and go to bed at nine or ten, then seven would be a good hour for breakfast, one for dinner and seven for tea. And you ought to always retire to bed before eleven. If you should conclude to adopt the forgoing, do not taste other things of which you are fond: unless it be fruits and those should be ripe. I think that a small quantity of fruit eaten when ripe and in the fore part of the day, is advantageous. You should try and forget that you are infirm and pay no attention to your symptoms as most any person can by being too attentive to every little pain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember that good wholesome food taken at proper times is one of the best of medicines. I shall have hopes of your improvement when you have resolved to taste nothing of which you are fond, except such things as I have mentioned. If you commence on this diet, remember that it is like a man joining the temperance society; if he afterwards tastes liquor, he is gone.\u003cbr\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton April 1st 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter came to safe to hand, and with pleasure its contents were read. During the past month, our stables were burned. All the horses were saved, though mine, with some others, were injured a little. The damage was near four thousand dollars.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI regret to say that circumstances will prevent my return home this summer, but on the 1st of October, I expect to be ordered to Fort Washington, opposite Mount Vernon, where I expect to get a leave, and visit you during some portion of that month.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health continues to improve. My muscles have become quite solid. My exercises are of a violent character, when the chill blain {chilblain} on my feet do not prevent it. I hope that Little Ann has entirely recovered.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen I make my proposed visit, I shall endeavor to take with me such things as your letter has specified, provided that they are attainable. Some of them may be difficult to get. My past winter has been much more pleasant than the preceding. The weather here is at present delightful; but in a few days it may be the reverse as it is much influenced here on the Sea Board, by the direction of the winds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn Thursday last, I, in company with 18 others had a grand sleigh ride, it was the best snow of the season, but in 24 hours, there was hardly a trace of it to be found.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSincerely your Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas P.S. Remember me to Mr. A. and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 24, 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Uncle,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have with pleasure received, and read your very kind letter, but it was a pleasure mingled with pain at seeing those passages, which spoke of the death of friends and relatives. Though the rumor of uncle Cummins' death may be true, yet I cannot believe it without further evidence. I shall write to California and try to ascertain. I hope that no decree will be obtained for settling his property, but should such authority be obtained, then will not some of his friends who have means come forward and prevent its sacrifice. Certainly if he has a friend, now it the time for its manifestation. You spoke of my giving assistance, but my pecuniary affairs are so arranged that I have not ten dollars in cash which I can call my own.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is no man on Earth, whom I would befriend sooner than Uncle Cummins. Let me know who have betrayed him and in what he has been betrayed, give me a full history of names and facts as soon as possible; and strain every nerve to prevent the granting of the decree. I expect to return home in the Fall, when I will see what can be done; though I fear that I will not be able to do any thing, but I can not tell what good luck I may meet with by that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI believe that I will leave my horse in the possession of McLean until then. I am in much better health then when we parted and hope through the blessings of a kind Providence soon to be restored to perfect health. I have not received a single line from California. I have a delightful station and hope to pass a pleasant Summer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me kindly to Aunt and other relatives and friends.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour nephew\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlattsburg Barracks N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 10th 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou observe that I am now on the border of Canada, it is for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health is still improving and in a short time I expect to return home to Fort Hamilton. In coming to this place I have passed some charming scenery. This place is on the Western bank of Lake Champlain. I should like very much to visit Montreal and Quebec before returning South, but want of time and money will prevent it. On my way here I saw the old Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point. And in front of this Garrison, was fought the great Naval action of the late war.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me kindly to Mr. A and Family.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour brother Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 20th 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir,\u003cbr\u003e\nI herewith enclose an Invoice of Public Property, directed to your address, and turned over this day to Genl. H. Whiting, Asst. Qtr.Mstr. Genl.,for transportation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour obedient servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\n1st Lt. \u0026amp; Bvt.Maj. 1st Arty.\u003cbr\u003e\nA. A. Qtr.Mstr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo S. Lansing Jr. Esq.\u003cbr\u003e\nMil. Storekeeper\u003cbr\u003e\nU.S. Arsenal Watervliet Troy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have received yours and in reply, can say that my health is still improving. Your requests shall be attended to, but it will be necessary to wait until my arrival; as I know of no safe mode of conveyance. You speak of your fruit and flowers. I cannot indulge in the luxury of the former, but of the latter, I take great interest and I hope that you may always cultivate them. It shows a refined taste to abound in admiration for the beautiful, and it has the additional advantage of endearing children to their home. With pleasure they must through different periods of their lives look back to their garden filled with beautiful flowers. And when they see the same flowers, even in distant countries, how vividly will it recall to mind their home, their Mother, Father, brothers, sisters, and all their early associations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will not get home this summer, but have some hopes of coming in October, but I can not say what the result will be. How can I get through those mountains during the Winter season.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that I could come and spend the entire winter with you, but such I fear will be impractical. Do not make any calculations, but expect me when circumstances will best admit of my taking a leave. I have recently received a letter from uncle John White and Aunt Catherine. The family is well, uncle Jack and Aunt Nancy are dead.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUncle had recently received a letter from our cousins in California and they say that Uncle Cummins is undoubtedly dead. This is news which goes to my heart, uncle was a father to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI want to bring Thomas a good violin, if neither you nor Mr. A. has any objection to his learning to play on one. Remember me kindly to Mr. A. and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Ontario N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 10th 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou are probably surprised at hearing from me so frequently at different points as a member of Courts Martial. I am now about twelve hours from Niagara Falls, and consequently intend visiting them before returning home. I will leave here in the evening and be at the Falls next morning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Court will probably remain in session for several days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFort Ontario is situated on the lake of the same name and in view of the city of Oswego.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf circumstances permit me to return home to Va. this coming fall, how can I get to your town most conveniently from Washington City. My health is still improving, but is as yet so delicate as to render much regularity necessary, and it is probable that I am more particular in my rules that any person of your acquaintance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI fear that I will be much exposed in crossing the mountains, unless there is a stage line through from Eastern Virginia. When you write, let me know what kind of flowers, plants, \u0026amp; are in your garden and what kind you would like for me to bring. I expect that I can obtain almost every description in New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am to commence staying at a water cure establishment this evening where I expect to remain during my stay here. I have great faith in them for such infirmities as mine. I have been for some months adopting it to a certain extent, and with advantage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Point N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 3rd 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am again at my first Military station, and a very pleasant visit it is. Here I see objects which recall many pleasant \u0026amp; agreeable associations of my youth, but it is my lot to meet but few of my comrades of those bygone days. All other things are visible, though changed. One of my former Barracks is torn down and another constructed. But among the existing and unaltered objects are the garden of Kosciuszko, his monument, Fort Putnam, in which Andre was confined and from which Arnold escaped after his unsuccessful attempt to sell his command. Here too is the Plain, the Military works and above all, its grand and lofty mountains. I am on a Genl. C. Martial, which will soon adjourn.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been quite unwell and had it not have been for my judicious application of water, I can not say what would have been the consequence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade, Fla.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeb. 25th 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just received your communication of the 4th inst. containing the kind proposition of bringing my name before the Board of Visitors of the V. M. Institute as a candidate for the Professorship of Nat. \u0026amp; Exp. Phil.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough strong ties bind me to the Army, yet I can not consent to decline so flattering an offer. Please present my name to the Board and accept my thanks for your kindness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade Fla.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 2nd 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate letter has been received, and read with much pleasure. I should think from the character of them, (the last few) that your health has improved very much; although you do not say so in so many words.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have hopes of being able to live near you for a while. I received a letter from Col. Smith, the Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, in which he kindly offers to present my name to the Board of Visitors in June next, as a candidate for the Professorship in Natural and Experimental Philosophy in the Institute. I have accepted his offer; but am unable to say whether I shall be elected. If I knew who would compose the Board, then I could form a better idea. If I have a few friends on it, my chance will probably be good. I consider the situation both conspicuous and desirable. I will be in about 150 or 160 miles from you, will have quarters, and receive twelve hundred dollars per year. Philosophy is my favorite subject. I hope through the blessings of Providence to succeed in securing the Post.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have heard that the Hon. Joseph Johnson is to be our Governor. Is it Joseph Johnson of Harrison? if so I am much pleased, as he had befriended me on more than one occasion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI believe that John Stringer will probably be on the Board of Visitors in June next. This information I received by yesterdays mail. Where does he live? I see that Mr. Carlisle has been making two speeches in the convention. I look upon him as one of the promising sons of Virginia. I hope before long to see him in Congress. I am much pleased at seeing cousin Wm. J. Jackson also in the Convention. Indeed I have some hopes that our ancient reputation may be revived.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI might have sent this letter sooner, but I designedly delayed it for to see if yesterday's mail (6th of April) would not enable me to give you some good news, but I did not receive the information which I was waiting for, but in my next I hope to be in possession of agreeable tidings for you, but I am not over sanguine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a few days since, a very kind, and well-wishing letter from Genl. John J. Jackson. When I visit you, I want also to visit him. I find that I have many friends, indeed I have found that all to whom I apply for assistance are ready to give me a helping hand. The generals letter was particularly gratifying to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall not attempt a Theological discussion with you a present, hoping to see you during the present year, when I hope that you will have all of your questions and ideas prepared for the investigation of your brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A., to Aunt White, to Uncle, Cousin John, Uncle Stalnaker and Col. Goff and other friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade Florida\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 22nd 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCol.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 28th inst. informing me that I have been elected Prof. of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics, in the Virginia Military Institute, has been received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe high honor, conferred by the Board of Visitors, in selecting me, unanimously, to fill such a Professorship, gratified me exceedingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to be able to meet the Board on the 25th of June next, but fear that circumstances, over which I have no control, will prevent my doing do before that time. For your kindness in endeavoring to procure me a leave of absence for six months, as well as for the interest you have otherwise manifested in my behalf, I feel under strong and lasting obligations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould I desire a furlough of more than than one month commencing on the 1st of July next, it would be for the purpose of visiting Europe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI regret that recent illness has prevented my giving you an earlier answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAny communication which you may have to make previous to the 1st of June, please direct to this place.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Col.\u003cbr\u003e\nVery respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, VA\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 20th 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI am much pleased with my situation. I have commenced my military duties and am reviewing on of my text books. My health has much improved since you heard me say good by.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent you a pamphlet a few days since, it was by the request of my old Physician with whom I was residing in the North. He appeared to take a deep interest in me and to be interested in those who were interested in your brother. From him I have learned many important truths concerning health. His names is Lowry Barney. I felt home sick at bidding adieu to his estimable family. Mrs. B. said that I did not appear like a stranger but like a relative, they were more kind than I could have desired.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom my present room which is in the 2d story of the Lexington Hotel. I have a lovely view of Mountain scenery. Lexington is the most beautiful place that I remember of having ever seen when taken in connection with the surrounding country.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI expect to go to the Springs next month with the Corps of Cadets. We shall leave about the 8th and return about the 25th, about the 13th we will arrive at the White Sulphur.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026amp; family and to my friends and relatives. I suppose that you had a fine mental feast on Miss B's notes. I designed burning them. Please save me the trouble by doing me the favor\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 8th 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have had the pleasure of receiving your letter and the articles which you sent to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have seen Mr. Cowen and requested him to call on you, and have made a similar request of Mr. Henderson, whom I esteem very highly. He is the brother-in-law of Col. Smith. I am much obliged for the articles. An opportunity will hardly be afforded for visiting you this winter. I have received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale: She as well as our other relatives are well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe academic duties commenced on yesterday week.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health has through the blessings of Providence been so much improved to enable me to enter on my duties, with which I am delighted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family, and to all enquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd say to Mr. A. that I hope to be able by his assistance to get some fine fossil specimens from his farm when I next visit Beverly. I remember of having seen some beautiful specimens of shells, near the bridge about Mrs. Bakers. These he showed me in 1848.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. Jany. 16th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has like every other good, brought with it pain. But I hope that your health will again return among the blessings of Providence to brighten the remainder of your days as well as those of mine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been desirous of writing at an earlier day; but our examination and other duties have prevented my doing so, and even now this pleasing task is performed during the height of the examination. It could be delayed no longer without a degree of pain, which your brother is unwilling to experience on this subject. This trying ordeal will close about Thursday next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you will look back if you through your past life and see if you can not find some cause for your afflictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNow my dear sister. You are aware that I am troubled about your hopes in relation to the endless futurity. The best plan that I can  conceive for an unbeliever in God, as presented to us in the Bible, is to first consider things in reference merely to expediency. Now considering the subject with reference to expediency only, let us examine whether it is safer to be a Christian or an Infidel. Suppose two persons, one a Christian and the other an infidel, to be closing their earthly existences and suppose that the infidel is right and the Christian is wrong, they will then after death be upon an equality. But instead of the infidel being right, suppose him to be wrong and the Christian right, then will the state of the latter after death be inestimably superior to that of the other. And if you will examine the history of mankind it will be plain that Christianity contributes much more to happiness in this life, than that of infidelity. Now having briefly glanced at this subject, to what decision are we forced on the mere ground of expediency, certainly it is to the adoption of Christianity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaving made our selection of Christianity, the next point is to consider whether we can believe the teachings of the Sacred volume; if so, then its adoption should of necessity follow. I have examined the subject maturely, and the evidence is very conclusive, and if we do not receive the Bible as being authentic and creditable, we must reject every other ancient work; as there is no other in favor of which, so much evidence can be adduced. Oh Sister! do pray to God for his mercy, and eternal life through our Redeemer Jesus Christ.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not yet been able to procure the peaches of which I spoke in my former letter. Cousin Harriet has returned from her visit to Point Pleasant, which was to her very pleasant. Uncle Minor Neale's daughter has returned home, with her grand-father who came north for her. Talk to Thomas \u0026amp; Grace for me and tell them that their uncle is very much obliged to them and that they must continue to be good children, and do what their mother and father may require of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to all inquiring friends and Relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI should be much pleased to see a literary institution in Beverly; but I cannot see how to be serviceable to it. If you will state in your next what I would have to do as agent I would be enabled to give a more definite answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Mil. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington Va. Feby. 7 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThough much pressed with business and far behind in my correspondence, I can not defer any longer a letter to you. Our examination has closed and academic duties have been resumed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNext week I hope to take up the subject of Optics. The approaching summer is looked forward to by me with no small degree of interest, as our vacation will commence after the 4th of July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour health I hope is completely restored before this time: mine is still delicate. When did you last hear from Parkersburg and how are our relatives and friends? Do you see anything of John White's family. The weather had been extremely cold, but at present it is lovely.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not heard from you in weeks upon weeks. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026amp; family and to all enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 21st 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter including that of our cousin, has been received, and with no small regret do I consider your past afflictions, but we are all the children of suffering sorrow in this world. Whilst it has many pleasures, it is not, nor will not be divested of its cares. Amid affliction, let us hope for happiness. But divest us of hope and how miserable would we be! It has never forsaken me, nor in my humble opinion, never will. However dark the night, I am cheered with an anticipated glorious and luminous morrow. May such ever be your happy lot. No earthly calamity can shake my hope in the future, so long as God is my friend, and on this subject I expect to have a long conversation with you next summer. I feel ashamed of not having written to you earlier, but even now I am debtor a number of letters in other quarters, which in time, have the preference, but my conscience will not be troubled at this species of fraud.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad that cousin stopped with you. I received a letter from cousin Sylvanus White recently in which he states that his location is in Missouri, but for the future, he can not say to what quarter his steps will be directed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health has improved. What do you propose doing next summer during my visit. I suppose that plans you have in abundance. How is the family: give my regards to all individually. Tell Thomas that I should like to have him with me sometimes very much \u0026amp; that he must be at home the next time that I visit him. Remember me to all inquiring friends and relatives. How is Cousin John White and Aunt White.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute Lexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 10th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have nothing which can call for a letter from me at this time except the pleasure of writing to you and to say a word in reference to your mentioned garden seeds, \u0026amp; c. Tell me the precise kinds of seeds which are desirable and if you can the mode of conveyance for them to Beverly. I might possibly procure some grafts of apricots \u0026amp; [illegible] if they could only be sent to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent for my box sometime since, but have not yet obtained possession of it. This is a beautiful day, though the preceding few have been cold and have injured the fruit prospects, particularly the apricots and other early fruit. The plank road from Staunton to Buckhannon, which latter place is about 25 miles distant from here is now under construction, through our town. The stage travels about one third faster on it than on the dirt road.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am anxiously looking forward to July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen did you last hear from Cousin Margaret. She appears to have dropped me as a correspondent. I certainly gave her ostensible reason for so doing by not answering her letter more promptly. But this was occasioned by the pressure of other things.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A., the family \u0026amp; to all enquiring friends and relations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Thomas and Grace I am not going to allow them to see their Aunt Nancy until they both offer to love me more than her. Tell them that their Aunt does not care about them half as much as I do.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. May 1st 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour interesting letter has been received and perused with much pleasure. But my matrimonial success as you are ere this probably aware of was a hoax. I suppose that some interested friend thought that I ought to be married and that it would be well to remind me of my duty before efforts would be too late. Frequently your intended, is to be seen with all her prepossessing fascinations. Why do you not come on? Certainly you will be here on the 4th. The weather here is at present beautiful, though for months it has been unseasonably cold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow are you pleased with Philadelphia? What are Penrose's prospects for distinction in his profession. Of all the cities in this Union, that of the Quakers has my preference. Its public squares, magnificent edifices, it's water works \u0026amp; c, including that universal task which strikes the eye at all its points, must make it very interesting to all, who are only consulting pleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTrueheart is now in Washington city, engaged in the Coast Survey. There is only one assistant here at present (Stewart). Our appropriation bill has not yet been acted on by the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJudge Baldwin is not expected to recover from his recent attack. Judge Brockenbrough will probably be a candidate in place of Judge Baldwin for the Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProf. Calhoun of Washington College will leave this coming summer; his successor is so far unknown. Every thing is quiet at present in the Institute and I hope will ever continue so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is to be strong [stage] opposition through here this season. Let me here from you whenever a spare moment will permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour sincere friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[On verso; not in Jackson's hand]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResolved that it is with feelings of the most profound regret that we have heard the announcement of the decease of our fellow student \u0026amp; associate Dr. [illegible] Weir; whose gentlemanly bearing \u0026amp; Christian deportment has served not only to endear him to all with whom he came in contact but to render him an ornament and honour to the noble profession of which he was so faithful a votary. Resolved that we do sympathize most sincerely with the bereaved relatives \u0026amp; friends of his House upon whom this dispensation of Providence has fallen so unexpectedly \u0026amp; painfully.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResolved that from respect to his memory we will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResolved that a copy of the proceedings of this meeting signed by the Secy. \u0026amp; Pres. be forwarded to the family of the deceased \u0026amp; that the same be published in the Richmond \u0026amp; Alexandria papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. May 14, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter had been received; but you do not give me definite instructions about garden seed, grafts etc. But I should think that it would be useless to get any for you unless they are such as I can convey in person for you may judge of the difficulty of getting anything from Lexington to Beverly from the fact that though I have used effort upon effort to procure the box which you sent to me and have told the stage driver to spare no expense in procuring it, yet from his negligence or from some other cause it has not yet come to hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would either get Miss H. to take it back to Beverly on her return, or else send a servant with it to the stage office at Staunton and have it sent to me put on the way bill and directed to me at Lexington, Va. to the care of E. Porter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have recently received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale, which states that she is engaged in teaching a school and that all our relations are well and that Cousin Lizzie Neale, daughter of Uncle Minor is on a visit and that she will probably remain North all summer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that by this time your health is entirely restored. Though my manner of living is very abstemious, yet health has not returned with all its blessings. Yet I am much better than when I last bid you good bye.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026amp; family. Tell Thomas and Grace that their aunt does not say a single word about either of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather had been very pleasant for the past few days, though the present one is not remarkably agreeable as a part of the time is sunshine and a part rainy and the balance is a mixture of both. In Beverly there is probably snow to be seen even this  late in May.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis evening we are to be favored with a vocal concert. I wish that you could accompany me. I believe that as yet you had not been informed of my daily exercise. I have to walk about a mile and a half for each meal: 3/4 to and 3/4 from it. And in the morning I usually walk about a mile and a half before breakfast and in the afternoon about two miles or more before tea.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. June 5th, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter has come safe to hand but I regret that your health is not yet restored though improved at present, let us hope to see the day when you will again enjoy that greatest of earthly blessings in perfection. Do not begin to look for me until the latter half of July. I may be with you in the first part but I can not speak definitely at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy box has not yet arrived, but I have spoken to a friend whose family lives in Staunton to endeavor to have his family to forward it. I shall try to get some grafts to take with me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIs it a fur hat which I am to get for Thomas, if so it would be desirable to have the measure of his head.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather is quite cool here this morning though for sometime back it has been very warm.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe people are beginning to visit the Alum Springs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you could see our Institute for I consider that it is the most tasty edifice in the state. We have had green peas for sometime and the strawberries are I believe beginning to disappear. But the cherries are just coming in season.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeverly must be cold enough for all practicable purposes even at this late period. I am enjoying myself more than I have done for some years; but still my health requires much care and rigid regard to diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that the news may be true that Uncle Cummins has returned; to meet him will be a proud day in my life. He has certainly been a good friend to me. Have you heard anything from cousin E.J. Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA bill has recently passed out state Legislature which appropriates 30,000 dollars for the purpose of completing our Barracks. We expect during the coming session to have about 18 or 20 more cadets that at any previous one and when the buildings shall be completed the accommodations will admit of upwards of 200. This past year we had to refuse admission to a large number. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026amp; family \u0026amp; to all inquiring friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003cbr\u003e\nP.S. I hope that you will not make any calculations as to the manner of passing the present summer until after my arrival at Beverly. T. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlum Springs Rockbridge Cty\nJuly 12 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI arrived here yesterday in as good health as usual and am delighted with the waters so far. The Springs are crowded there being about four hundred visitors and the accommodations being only adequate for 275 or 300. I succeeded in procuring 1/2 a bed; there being one room for four occupants. In a few days I hope to be better off. Though we have but two beds to 4 persons in my quarters; yet the beds are good, and the servants, and proprietors, and the their assistants are attentive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoarding is 10 dollars per week. This water I consider is the water of waters. This place is more crowded than any other in the mountains and I have not heard of a single person who is dissatisfied though my enquiries have been many.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy appetite and digestion have already improved and I indulge rather freely. My dinner was principally bread (which was rather fresh), potatoes and green corn which is by no means digestible. My supper rich corn bread \u0026amp; the same for breakfast (using butter freely at each meal)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to all enquiring Relatives and friends. Your brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis establishment was sold a few days since for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars.\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 7th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nA line from you has not even come to hand yet. I hope that this is not a result of ill health. An improvement of health began to reward me for my visit to the Alum Springs, within as I believe less than 24 hours after my arrival there. I remained at the Springs for three weeks and then left with regret.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe checks have not yet come to hand, has the letter containing them been received by you. Our duties at the Institute have been resumed, and things omen well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have for months back admired Lexington, but now for the first time have truly and fully appreciated it. Of all the places which have come under my observation in the U. States, this little village is the most beautiful.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn a few days I hope to write a letter to cousin Harriet Murdoc and I shall urge her to leave home next year. She is a lovely lady and if she were not my cousin I might ardently desire her to be my wife. She is so estimable: I feel proud of her as a cousin. I enjoyed myself very much at the springs and would have been delighted to have had her with me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wrote to Richard Camden and to Dr. Bland requesting them to join me at the Alum but have heard nothing from either of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that the baby has entirely recovered and that your health continues to improve. Remember me very kindly to the family and to all inquiring friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother, Thomas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHas Cousin Nancy returned home? How is Miss Eliza and Mrs. Hilly?\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 9th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter has finally come safely to its place of destination. I felt concerned about your long silence, for fear that your health was bad.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have found on my return home that the peaches here were not so abundant as I had supposed but the apples are at abundance. Though peaches are not so plentiful as I had supposed, yet I have spoken to a person to secure me two or three bushels and if he fails I will endeavor to secure them by sending to Lynchburg, which is near forty miles and through that section I have been informed that there has been no scarcity. I hope that by this time the baby is entirely well and that health and prosperity are among the number of your domestic blessings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health has been much improved by visiting the Alum Springs. I have been and am still using the water, but its effects are not so good as when used at the Springs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Harriet has written me a letter which I prize very much, it speaks the purity of her character. I wish that I could be with her during my leisure moments. They would pass so delightfully under her pure and elevating influence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Margaret is married, though of this you have probably already been informed. She is the wife of the person to whom I believe you alluded when we were at Parkersburg. Aunt would not consent to her being married at home and she was consequently married at Uncle William Neale's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather here is very warm and the ground is quite dry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat news have you from the letter containing the drafts. I wish you would let me know as soon as convenient, whether there is any hopes of getting possession of them. Let me hear from you as soon as convenient.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Gittings is doing very well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 25th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very kind letter has come safe to hand and I am glad to learn that you are enjoying as many blessings as still fall to your lot. I hope that by the time of the receipt of this that the children will all be in perfect health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Lurty has been here for about two weeks. He and Mr. Harrison (son of Wm. Harrison of Clarksburg) design taking a course of law lectures this winter under Judge Brockenbrough.1   George is a young man of very fine mind, and I hope that he will acquit himself with much credit this winter. A young Mr. Stribling from Point Pleasant is also here. He is brother to the Miss S. of whom I presume you have \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1Now, Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, Virginia. heard cousin Harriet Murdoc frequently speak. Cousin Harriet I regard as being one of the sweetest ladies with whom I have ever met. I wish that we could be together frequently. I hope that she will make a visit next summer to this most beautiful of places. How sweet it is to meet with congenial spirits!\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would forward me the checks by the first mail as I am in need of them. The peaches have not yet come to hand but as soon as they do I will forward them without delay.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI weighed yesterday one hundred and seventy two pounds and a fraction. This is six pounds more than any former weight. My health has much improved and I hope that through the blessings of God, I will ultimately enjoy perfect health. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A and family and to all enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNovember 11, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has been received with its enclosures, but it had brought sorrow to my heart to learn that you health is unusually delicate. My dear sister, my concern for you is great. This concern is not restricted to you whilst in this world, but it extends into the unending future, and my continual prayer is that you will return into the fold of God. My dear sister, if you will but seek God in the bible conditions he will give you peace and comfort while all the powers on Earth can not de[liver] and the hopes of a coming immor[tality] will make all the ills of life supportable under every circumstance. Your mother prayed for you and I believe that the same may be said of your brother Warren. And can it be that the prayers of them and myself united, will not be heard by \"Our Father in Heaven.\" I fear that you concern yourself too much about the things of this life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI expect that you have probably been devoting too much care to the articles which you spoke of forwarding to me. Now do not think any more about me in relation to them, but bear in mind that I have plenty of everything except health and that this has much improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that health will return to you with all of its blessings. I have written twice to cousin Harriet since we parted. I do think her one of the sweetest ladies. I wish that I could be in her society more frequently than circumstances will permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had a lovely fall in this portion of the state. My kindest regards to Mr. Arnold's family, all inquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. This morning I fired ten guns from the Battery of Artillery in commemoration of the origin of the Institute. This day, thirteen years it went into operation and it is now in a very flourishing condition, so much so that we cannot accommodate all the applications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDecember 11th, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter has received the perusal of a brother and I hope that though ill health is your present lot, that notwithstanding, you will continue a buoyancy of spirits and not give way to surrounding troubles. I too am a man of trouble, yet let the oppressing load be ever so great it never sinks me beneath its weight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI trust that this will find you improving if not well. Our session will have its semi-annual examination in the early part of the coming January. When did you last hear from Cousin Harriet Murdoc. A cadet from Point Pleasant tells me that she had been there on a visit, but that she has returned home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLexington has been very gay for some time back, owing to the marriage of one of the daughters of the late Governor McDowell. The weather is quite inclement at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must talk to Thomas and Grace for me and tell them that their uncle frequently thinks of them and that he would be very glad to have them with him. But that he does not like bad children and always talk to them for me in such a manner as to make them better. I suppose that you have heard of Cousin Margaret Neale's marriage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am very busy this winter with studying and hearing recitations, having not only to prepare on Natural Philosophy and Artillery, but to be in the section room three and four hours per day additional. My spare time is given to reading and to other sources of improvement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 1st 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI hope that ere this your health has improved and that the returning spring will reanimate your feelings, and suggest the idea that it is but the symbol of the endless beauties and enjoyments of the world to come. The passage of Scripture from which I have derived sufficient support whenever applied is in the following words \"acknowledge God in all thy ways and he shall direct thy paths.\" What a comfort is this!\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister, it is useless for men to tell me that there is no God, and that his benign influence is not to be experienced in prayer, when it is offered in conformity to the Bible. For some time past, not a single day has passed by without my feeling his hallowing presence whilst at my morning prayers. I endeavor to live in accordance with the above passage which means as I understand it, in all thy ways acknowledge God and he shall take care of you in all respects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat better protector can we desire that one who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent and who hath promised that he will take care of us in all things, and in addition to all this the pledge coming from One who cannot lie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOur weather here has been quite cold for sometime back, but at present it is very beautiful; too much so to be of long duration I fear. Persons I believe have generally filled their ice houses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI rather begin to despair of the peaches as I have not seen a dry one to my recollection since returning home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou remember that during the past summer I was very much reduced in flesh, at present I have more than desirable and sometimes endeavor to reduce it, but the nervousness with which I have been so much troubled and the disagreeableness of cold feet induce me to adhere to the indulgence of the palate. But my dishes are very plain: generally brown bread is the principle article for Breakfast and Tea and sometimes I probably do not taste meat for more than a month and I have not to my recollection used any other drink than cold water since my return home, and hope that such may continue to be the case.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard from Judge Allen a few days since: Cousin Mary is well, one of her daughters is rather ill. I met the daughter at the Alum Springs during the past summer. She is a beautiful girl.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough I desire to hear from you frequently; yet I never wish to do so when there doing so, requires that your eyes should be tasked. To know that you are destroying or endangering the happiness of yourself, and those around you, produces more pain than the receipt of a letter cam compensate for.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Harriet Murdock was well when her last letter was written. A letter from her is daily expected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 1st 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nTime as it passes brings me to the renewal of the pleasant duty of writing to my sister, though there is nothing here of which I am aware that can be of interest to you, beyond what may be felt in an only brother. Let pleasure result from the mere act of writing to you. Our lives have been checkered in a most marked manner and we are still, notwithstanding all the ill omens of our youth, living even beyond the usual period of human life and I trust that before us are the brightest of our days. In taking a retrospective view of my own life, each year has opened as I consider, with increased promise and with my present views, the future is holding richer stores in reserve. Could you only believe with myself then would you also bear the present with patience and look forward to the future with a calm serene and pleasurable delight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI too have crosses, and am at times deeply afflicted! But however sore may be the trials they lose their poignancy, and instead of producing injury I feel that I am but improved by the ordeal. But how is this accomplished? By throwing myself upon the protection of him, whose law book is the wonderful Bible. My dear sister I would not part with this book for countless universes. I feel ready to make every sacrifice to carry out the will of him who so loved us, as to give his only begotten son to die for me. How exceedingly great must have been that love!\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe more I learn, the more dear does the precious volume appear to me. O Sister, if you would only pray! If you would only become religious! I derive much pleasure from morning walks, in which is to be enjoyed the pure sweetness of caroling birds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather is delightful at present, and our peach trees are beginning to bloom, and in the course of a few more weeks, the forests will be clad with verdure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJudge Brockenbrough's law school has closed its session and George Lurty has returned home; after having passed a profitable winter. If he will only make the best of his facilities, a brilliant career may be expected as his reward. He possesses talents of a high order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not heard from Cousin Harriet for a long time. It appears she has forgotten me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSometime since, Cousin Sylvanus wrote to me, and stated that he was at home, but expected in a few days to leave for the west. Talk to the children for me as I would were I with you. Remember me very kindly to the whole family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Rockbridge County, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 15th 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nOur spring is opening beautifully, though it is said to be late. I wish that I could only be with you this evening, ah! Not this evening only, but many evenings. I am invited to a large party to night and among the scramble, expect to come in for my share of fun. My health is still improving and in a few months through the blessing of an all kind providence, I hope to be well, at least so much as people usually are.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would send me by the return mail the daguerreotype which I had taken in New York after having shaved. The one with the beard on, was taken at New Orleans soon after my return from Mexico. This last one I wish you to keep safely as I prize it highly. If you remember, I gave you two others one being taken with a stern countenance, and the other with a smile, it is the smiling one which I want and don't fail to send it well enveloped, by the first mail. If you wish it to be returned, I will try and do so in a few months or else a better one in its stead; as I think your brother is a better looking man than he was when that was taken. It may be that you have not got the one which I had taken with the beard on, if not it is lost. I am anxious to get Father's, in order to have a facsimile of it taken, but do not trust it to the mail. I believe you let Cousin Harriet have the grim looking one, which I gave you, ungrateful girl that she is. I am going to write to her in a few days such a letter as such conduct in a pretty cousin merits.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you are out of bed, and able to enjoy the comforts of domestic life. Kiss the children and tell them a great many things such as their uncle would tell him were he in their company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and to all enquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends. Should any person be coming here, I would be glad to get my Blair's Rhetoric.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 6th 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dearest \u0026amp; only Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour melancholy letter has brought tears to my eyes. Yet I would never have you conceal anything from me because of the pain which it may cause me. If your health is really as you state, I would rather know it. My dearest sister, with tears in my eyes and a heart devoted to my God, I look into the future beyond the limits of this transient life of care; and see the dark gloom which is to exist throughout infinite duration. That whilst I am \"to shine like a star in the firmament for ever and forever,\" you are to be assigned to unending misery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat my dear sister is this life, and all its joys, compared to that which is to come. How happy would I be did I but know that beyond this probationary life we should be together for ever more, there with those who have gone before us, to enjoy endless happiness. My sister, do reflect upon my course of life, think and see if I have ever erred since arriving at mature age, and then consider how I could ever have been satisfied of the truth of the Gospel; unless it is true. Have I ever erred in the affairs of this life? Remember too what strong irreligious influences have been brought to bear on me and yet in spite of all opposing obstacles, I am one of the most devoted of Christians.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWill you not have some faith in the prayers of a dying mother \u0026amp; brother? My dearest sister, do throw yourself into the hands of God. Throw yourself upon his mercy, repent of your sins and believe that the father will accept your prayers, and forgive your transgressions, for the sake of his son's merits. Remember that he hath said that they who come unto him he will in nowise cast off.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall leave here as soon as my vacation shall permit and hope to be with you by the 12 of July if not before. I had designed making you a visit this summer, but did not know whether it would be before or after my return from the North. I have business which calls me to New York City this summer and I was desirous of going some more distant places.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou speak of Dr. Bosworth's son. I wish that it was in my power to do him a service but being here as Professor, I ought not to abuse my trust in any way. I wrote to the Doctor in reference to his son, but I believe omitted to state that in his letter to the superintendent of the Institute he should state that he was unable to educate his son himself. When he calls to see you, I wish that you would mention this to him \u0026amp; also tell him that Col. Samuel L. Hayes is on the new Board of Visitors for your place.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI most sincerely hope that his son will get the appointment and if there is anything which I can do for him consistent with my duty as Professor, it shall be done with a great deal of pleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockbridge Alum Springs\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 3rd, 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI arrived here yesterday in good health, and expect to leave for the North this evening, via Lexington. There are about five hundred visitors here at present, and the accommodations are nearly exhausted, and in a few days it is quite possible that persons from necessity will be turned off. I hope that Stark has quite recovered. Remember me very kindly to all the family, and to all other enquiring relatives and friends. Say to Mrs. [Hillie/Hellee] that I saw Judge Brockenbrough, but that as he is not a Freemason, I shall try elsewhere. I expect to be in Staunton tomorrow and hope to be able to find some influential Mason there who will attend promptly to the business. I endeavored to do so when coming through Staunton, but did not succeed. I intend to press the matter until some definite action shall have been taken upon the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSay to Dr. Bosworth that I saw John1 yesterday, and that he was well with the exception of a sore leg. I asked him if he had written home, and he said that he had not done so, that he did not wish to, because of his leg being sore. I advised him to write and say nothing about his leg as it would be better to let them hear from him, though he should say nothing in respect to this. His leg did not appear to trouble him much, he was going about the encampment and did not appear much lame. He told me that he would write. If you should say anything to the Doctor about John's leg, tell him to have no concern about it. But probably it would be best to say nothing about the subject of health. I am scarce of paper. Tell Miss Eliza that she must be on the look out for something in relation to me, and in reference to which she called my attention.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSay to Doctor Bosworth that I did not hand in the list for John, because of its having already been done.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 19th, 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nSometime since when Mr. Tanner the Daguerreian was passing through here on his way to Beverly, I availed myself of his kindness to send you and Grace and Thomas the little purchases which I made last summer and I hope that they reached you safely. I should have sent Father's miniature also, but upon reflection thought it would be better to defer doing so until a more favorable opportunity should present itself. I hope that Mr. Tanner called to see you, he is a very worthy person and one in whose integrity I have much confidence. The weather here is beautiful and I am enjoying like. To me my wife is a great source of happiness. She has those requisites of which I used to speak to you, and sends her love to you. Tell Mrs. [Hillie] that I have not yet learned the result  result of the application; but that it shall be followed up until some answer shall be obtained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn my last letter, I spoke of being in Philadelphia. We remained there from Saturday until Monday, when we proceeded to West Point where I was delighted with my easy associations: The beautiful plains, the frowning ruins of Fort Putnam, the majestic river, and magnificent scenery all conspired to enhance my happiness which had already been of a high order. The ladies1 also were much pleased with it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter remaining there until about 12 o'clock next day, we resumed out route for Niagara Falls. This of all natural curiosities is the most sublime and imposing which has ever come under my observation. We put up at the Cataract House, which is on the American side, and the next morning crossed over to Goat's Island which separates the Falls into two parts, that point on the East of the Island is called the Transcript\nAmerican Falls and that on the West side the Canadian. The latter is much the larger, by reason of the greater quantity of water which passes down on this side of the island. The Canadian falls are called the horseshoe falls from their resemblance to a horseshoe, the toe being up stream. When looking at this wonder of nature I desired to be left to my own interrupted thoughts, it lulls the mind and forbids interruption, it calls on the mind for its entire and undivided contemplation. More of this in my next. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. the family and all enquiring friends \u0026amp; relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNovember 30th 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI hope that upon the receipt of this that you will be induced to break your long silence. Do not think that because I am married that I would not be glad to receive a letter from you. I am going to the wedding of one of my old bachelor friends this evening. His name is Massie1, a graduate of the Va. Mil. Institute; the lady is Miss Sophonisba B. McDowell, daughter of the late governor McDowell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAt present my health is influenced by a cold in the head; but to such things in my own case, I attach but little importance, for with care they are dissipated in a few days. My wife is in good health, and sends her love to you \u0026amp; the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThings here are working smoothly, the weather is fine, and I am much pleased with the coming prospects. Give my love to Mr. A. and the rest of the family. Tell Mrs. Hillie that I saw the gentleman to whom I made application in her case, but a few days since, and that he that he had not been able to do anything for her as yet, but on account of the recent expenses of the lodge; but that he was certain that he would get twenty dollars at least, and that he would be in Richmond this winter, and that he would bring her case before the grand lodge of the State. But tell her not to be too sanguine about success for fear that she may be disappointed. In my opinion, something will be done for her, but how much it is impossible to say.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI believe that at the close of my last letter I was making some remarks upon Niagara, and I had probably finished them. After leaving there, we proceeded in a carriage down the Niagara River for a few miles to Lewiston, where we took a steamer and proceeded to cross Lake Ontario on our way to the St. Lawrence River, and at dawn the next morning we were around a cluster of islands called the thousand islands, which present an extremely beautiful aspect and they are probably a thousand in number, some almost covered by bare and rugged rocks and crops and the other beautifully varied with forests of Northern growth. I enjoyed the scene much! Very much! During the day, we passed through the perilous rapids of that remarkable river. In passing one of them we took on board a special pilot of large an athletic dimensions. After thus passing a very pleasant day, we arrived safely at Montreal. To be remembered to all inquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends is the request of your only brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. You may form some idea of one of the rapids from the circumstance that though we were on a high decked steamer, yes the spray was thrown extremely over her prow and so as to fall upon her deck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 14th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour long looked for letter arrived at last. I am much pleased at having another niece and hope that she may prove as pretty and interesting as Grace. I hope that you may not have a return of the sore mouth, but that better health may bless you than in past years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is very singular that Mr. Tanner neglected to give you the things entrusted to him, possibly he changed his route after having seen me and did not pass through Beverly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that I could get Tom some suitable books here. I may have an opportunity of getting some by the time that any person from this place goes to Beverly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send you a lock of Ellie's hair which she reluctantly parts with because of its color, which she hopes may prove more acceptable to your taste than it has ever been to hers. My message to you is that you must prize it very highly as being the token of a sister's love and from a brother's wife.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSend us a lock from your hair and also one from Grace. Tell her to give me the prettiest she has so that I may look at it when I am so far off that I cannot see her pretty face. Tell her furthermore that I have told her Aunt that Grace is very pretty \u0026amp; her conduct much as good as her face.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not yet heard of any money being collected for Mrs. Hillie and I feel uneasy about it; yet I have strong reassurances that something will be done, and I shall press the matter until a definite answer shall have been obtained, and the result I will inform Mrs. Hillie of immediately. Ellie joins me in love to you and the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 4th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter was gladly received, and read. Permit me to congratulate myself on being the Uncle of another niece as pretty as Grace. I hope that you will accept my kindest congratulations and give the same to Mr. Arnold. As yet I have heard nothing of Mr. Tanner.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Mrs. Hillie is improving in health. I am anxious about her claim, no recent account has been given me in reference to it. Should nothing be reported to me before summer, I shall go to Staunton in person and see about it. Until that time my occupation requires me to be at the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have recently been called to mourn the death of my mother-in-law, she without any apparent uneasy concern passed in to that unseen world where the weary are at rest. Her life was such as to attract around her many warm friends, and if she had any enemy in this world it was and continues to be a secret to me. Hers was a Christian life and hers was a Christian death. She had been afflicted with rheumatism for several months previous to the close of her life and on Saturday preceding her death she had the return of hernia which had formerly afflicted her. On the 23rd of February about 3 o'clock P.M. her husband told her that her end had come. She asked how long she could live and he told her two or three hours, and although the Physicians had the same day pronounced her symptoms favorable, she appeared perfectly reconciled. She said that she was not afraid to die and that she found Jesus precious to her soul. [text at left margin] She asked us to kiss her and told her children to live near to Jesus and to be kind to one another. When asked by one her daughters what they should do without her, she replied that the Lord would provide. She was strongly attached to her family and [they] to her; yet she appeared to have no concern about what would become of herself or family, such was her complete confidence in the promises of the Bible. She felt assured that God would provide for her family and she felt that she was going to her saviour, with whom she expected to enjoy unending happiness. Her death was no leaping into the dark. She died with the bright hope of an unending immortality of happiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy sister, Oh! That you could thus live, then might you thus die. Do you not remember how much you are concerned about your children when you apprehend the approach of a dying hour. Do my sister turn to God and cast all your care in Jesus. I believe that you had our Mother's and Warren's prayers and now you have mine, and more than mine. My Dear Sister, do seek religion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to each member of the family, my wife sends her love also.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me to all enquiring relations and friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 7th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAs I received your letter day before yesterday, and was desirous of answering it by the return mail, I could only say a few words. I am not certain whether the physician mentioned in your letter, was the same I have heard of as the lecturer in the North, or not; if he is, as I before stated, I should not much admire his character, though he might be a good doctor notwithstanding. Yet I would not like such a man for my physician, if I could get a good physician whose moral character would receive my approbation. If this is not the lecturer, I know nothing about him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that by the time you receive this that your health will have much improved. But my sister, be that as it may, do turn to God, and obey the teachings of the Bible. If you do not believe its teachings at least obey its doctrines and I believe that God will give you faith. Make but the effort, and resolve to do what it teaches to the close of life, and then you may expect death to be disrobed of its terrors. Remember that you have your brother's prayers, and I hope those of several members of my wife's family, and I believe that you also received the prayers of our Mother and Brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a letter a few days since from Aunt Clementine Neale. She and Uncle Alford had been south to see Uncle Thornton and Wirt, but a short time before they reached Uncle Thornton's Wirt had gone to California. She tells me that Wirt is a very tall man, and that Uncle Thornton has a very high opinion of him. Uncle Minor's wife lost her last husband in New Orleans some months since and she is consequently again thrown upon her father's protection. I have also received a letter from Uncle John White; his health has improved and that of his family is generally good. Uncle George White's family at last account was well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister do try and follow your Brother's council now and remember that this letter is prayed over by him, that it may be the means of your eternal happiness. Let me hear from you soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, VA\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 11th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nLast night I received a letter from Uncle John White, in which the states that Uncle Madison is not willing to have Uncle Cummins' property sold so far as to pay off his (Cummins) debts and that Madison is opposed to having the mills rented out again, but is trying to get them into his own hands, and he already had got the negroes from Jacob Jackson. Uncle John thinks that the property ought to be sold so far as to pay off Uncle Cummins' debts and the remainder to be divided among the heirs, and I think that such is the proper course. He offers to do the best he can for you and me provided we wish him to do so. I have offered to give him my interest as an heir because I was afraid that in going to law I might spend more than my interest would be worth. I wish you would let Uncle John know whether he shall do anything for you or not. I hope that by this time all is well with you. Ellie joins me in love to yourself and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have in vain waited for your reply to several letters; if you can not write barely enclose me your card or anything to tell me that you are still among the living. Doctor White left your presents for me with a friend of mine and they have come safely to hand and for which I am much obliged. I regret that he did not call and see me or at least let me know of his being in town in order to give me an opportunity of seeing him and it would have given me an opportunity of returning father's miniature. I have not seen Mr. Tanner since he passed through Beverly; but I suppose that he delivered to you some books for Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Mrs. Hilley that I have not been able to get anything for her as yet, but that the necessary steps have been taken and that we must await the result which she shall be made acquainted with.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am a candidate for the Professorship of Mathematics in the University of Va. I am well pleased with my present position, yet the other is more desirable both by reason of its being more prominent, and its being about three thousand dollars. The professor is elected by the Board of Visitors for the University of Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had some very cold weather here during the past few days but at present it is very fine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy wife has had the left side of her face partially [paralyzed]1\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and inquiring relations and friends. T.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 2nd 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI chanced to be at the Hotel yesterday when Doctor White was passing through town and was much pleased at meeting him; it served to some extent the purpose of seeing you; as I thereby had an opportunity of seeing someone who had recently been with my sister. He told me that you had written to me and after the Post Office had opened I received your letter. The mass of which you speak I would send to you, had the Doctor not have procured it before seeing me, he told me that he had found it in the shop of some doctor as he was coming to Lexington. Should you wish any more at any time, let me know and I will procure it for you. I do hope that little Tom is free from that dreadful disease the scrofula. I trust that your apprehensions may prove groundless but it always best to be wide awake, and not permit ourselves to be taken by surprise.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that your health may continue to improve. The poor little Babe what can be the matter with it? I suppose that it is difficult to decide in so young a child, but let us hope for the better while we continue to be prepared for the worst.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEllie's face has not yet entirely recovered; but I am of the opinion that time will effect a perfect restoration.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all enquiring relatives and friends. Tell Thomas and the other children, that I love them, and that they must be good children. Ellie joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003eThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Tell Thomas that I am sorry that he is sick, and that I wish that I could do something for him. T.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 12th, 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour sorrowful letter came safe. Your loss is one which I have never been called upon to bear up under; I can well conceive of the tender union which is thus sundered. You have my sympathy [note 1] and I wish I could point you successfully to the source of consolation. I have [entrusted?] the hair to Ellie's keeping. I am not certain that we will be able to come to Beverly this summer; though, should we do so, I will write to you before hand. I am glad to hear that the other children are doing so well. Enclosed is the ribbon. I hope that it will please you, it was the prettiest that Ellie could find. Should there be any other article that I can procure you, it will give me pleasure to do so. I am not certain about my election; but be the result as it may, my friends have acted nobly in my cause.  [note 2] I am very much pressed at this time with studies and letter writing; though a few more weeks will close our session. Tell Doctor B. that his son is in good health. All of my wife's family are at home now, with the exception of one brother, who is in Pa. One of her brothers who is a lawyer in Philadelphia has brought home his bride; having married last Thursday.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am endeavoring to get an answer about Mrs. Hilley's money: and if I do not get it soon I shall go and see about it in person, and will have the matter settled either one way or the other. Remember me to her and to all my other friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to my other relations.\u003cbr\u003e\nTJJ\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Note 1 - Reference to the death of Laura's infant daughter, Laura Zell Arnold (b. Dec. 1853 d. May 1854).]\n[Note 2 - Reference to Jackson's pending application for a professorship at the University of Virginia. Shortly after this letter was written, the University's Board awarded the position to another candidate.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nEllie \u0026amp; myself hope to be with you this day week (Saturday).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish you would say to Mrs. Hillie that I have failed in my efforts to procure her any assistance. I much regret this. I do not know of any person belonging to the Staunton Lodge who would have been more likely of success than Mr. Watts, the gentleman to whom I entrusted it.\nYour Brother Thomas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Laura,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Major is so busy with his duties at the Institute that he has commissioned me to finish this letter for him. Indeed, I have scarcely seen him today. He wishes me to say to you that he hopes you will not exert yourself by making any preparations to receive us; he does not want you to weary yourself or injure your health on our account. The weather is so extremely warm just now that we quite fear the ride in stage, but we hope to find it cooler further among the mountains.\nYours affect.\u003cbr\u003e\nEllie Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExcuse this hasty note as I am much pressed with business. Mr. Bledsoe of Kentucky was elected at the University to the chair for which I was a candidate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHealing Springs, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 24th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Laura,\u003cbr\u003e\nWe intended to have written last week to you concerning our journey and safe arrival here, but it was postponed from day to day as such things often are. The journey over the mountains was exceedingly tiresome to me, as the road over the Cheat Mt. had been newly macadamized \u0026amp; the load was heavy for two horses. We had a very agreeable companion\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[at top of page]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Major says they did not know when they would make any mass at the Bath Alum, but he says if you want it he will direct them to send you a keg of it, but he expects the transportation will cost a good deal. companion with us, whose vivacity and intelligence beguiled our way very much. His name was Henry O. Middleton \u0026amp; he is a great land owner \u0026amp; speculator. Much of his talk was about land. It was nine o'clock when we reached Monterey and we left it at two in the morning, so we did not have very much rest-- but by lying down on the seat with my head on the Major's knees \u0026amp; Mr. Middleton's overcoat for a pillow I rested somewhat \u0026amp; did not feel the jolting so terribly as I did sometimes. At Yager's where we dined, they had according to the Major's request a fine dish of trout and I can assure you we did full justice to them. We did not go all the way to Staunton on Saturday, but stopped 15 miles short of it at Dudley's. From there the landlord brought us over to Oakland on the other turnpike. There we stayed over Sunday and on Monday evening we took the stage again. That night we slept at Cloverdale \u0026amp; the next day we came on here, stopping to breakfast at the Bath Alum.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Major inquired there for the mass according to your wish but they had none and were making none. There were very few visitors there.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe reached these Springs about noon on Tuesday. A good many people have come since we did and now I suppose there are 50 or 60 here. The water is disagreeably warm to drink, but is very pleasant to bathe in. I drink about 5 glasses a day \u0026amp; the Major drinks more. They keep an excellent table and we get the very nicest brown bread, plenty of venison \u0026amp; other meat and twice they had tomatoes, but they were brought from Richmond. They have been examining my face this morning \u0026amp; I think it is a little improved.  I let the water run over it when I was in the bath. The Major thinks the water is doing him good. He joins with me in sending love to you \u0026amp; the children \u0026amp; compliments to Mr. Arnold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours Affect.\nE.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNov. 14th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYou must excuse this short letter and also my not having written to you at an earlier day, for my eyes have become so bad as to make me very careful with them. You wrote to me that should your health not prevent your coming to see me that I might have expected your arrival several days since. I went to the Hotel to see whether you had attempted such a journey. Though I would like to see you, and appreciate your very sisterly affection, yet I would not like for you to attempt coming over such a road, with all its harassments, so do not attempt it. When my next vacation vacation will enable me to leave (which I cannot do now without neglecting my duties) I trust that God will again permit me to see your face.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Ellie thought to pass over the stage route from here to Beverly was a hard undertaking for her. After she returned home she was pleased with her visit. She has now gone on a glorious visit though through a gloomy portal. Her companion are of the glorified Host. I look forward with delight to the day when I shall join her. Religion is all that I desire it to be. I am reconciled to my loss and have joy in hope of a future reunion where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest. I am much obliged to you for you kind desire to come and stay with Ellie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLex. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 20th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have learned with pleasure that your health has improved and I hope that you may not for many a day to come {need} any more medicine. I have gone to both of our book stores but in neither one could be found the books which you require. If you desire it and will let me know I will get one of our merchants when in Philadelphia next month to get them if they are to be had. The spelling book is here but the others I doubt whether they will ever be here unless specially ordered.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have just written to Wirt I to have done so some time since but have been prevented by my eyes. He is at Mount Vernon Indiana where he recently returned from California. He saw hard times and was glad to get back even with his life, though he brought some money $340 dollars.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy eyes are improving but still I have to be careful with them, the spots continue to float before them. I am obliged to you for your kind suggestion not to hurt them even in writing to you. Maggie has been in Philadelphia for about three months for her health. Is there anything of Dear Ellie's which you would like to have, her pencil, her glasses or anything else?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Note: the last page of this document contains a handwritten copy of a letter not in our collection]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va\u003cbr\u003e\nJanuary 24th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nMy eyes have improved so that I hope to be able sometim next month to write you a letter.  I received your letter yesterday.  Maggie is in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate\u003cbr\u003e\nbrother Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 20th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI sometime since received a letter from Wirt in which he stated that he was at Uncle Alfred Neales, and that he intended going to your house as soon as the weather should settle. He requested me to answer him immediately directing my letter to him at Beverly. I at once replied and I suppose that the letter has reached its destination ere this. He writes a good hand and a sensible letter. He expresses his intention of going to California or his desire to do so. This I\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[text below continues from page 4; it appears on the left and top margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehere but I am unable to select for fear that you may have them or that they may not suit your taste. Remember me very kindly to Wirt when he arrives, to Mr. A., to all the family and to all enquiring friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehope he will relinquish. I am inclined to the belief that he would probably do as well by making Civil Engineering his profession as at any thing else to which he could turn his attention under present circumstances. But of this I can not speak definitely. He must judge of this for himself. Try and get him to stay with you if you can, until I come and get him to study arithmetic \u0026amp; geography and history: and for this purpose lend him Rollin's ancient history. If Wirt will study Latin I will give him lessons during the summer and put him in the way of learning it so that he can teach Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will also if he will consent to do so give him instruction in the different sciences, of Algebra, Geometry and in Engineering and other branches of necessary education and bring with me the necessary books. If he thinks that it will take up too much time for a perfect education, he can take enough for an Engineer in the course of a few months. He can then commence the practice on some of our internal improvements. I have an idea that he might succeed well in this sphere of life. He could whilst practicing his profession make himself a good historian, but it would be the safer plan to get a good education before he commences the practice of the profession.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that for the present Wirt will conclude to teach and then he can as he progresses with his education decide on his profession. I am anxious to know as soon as practicable his determination. I think that the plan of staying in Beverly and taking up a school is the proper one for him if all things are favorable to it, so far as obtaining Mr. Arnold's approbation and a moderate school. I send you two styles of writing but I would not advise the use of but one. If you will let me know which you have selected I can send you [some] others when wanted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI bought four papers of seed, but can only find three. If you will name the kind of seed you want I think that I can probably get them for there is a variety\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter appears in margin on page 1] \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLex. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 4th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 30th ult. And Thomas' came by this days mail. I feared from what I recently heard that Wirt's mind had not entirely recovered. And as such appears to be the case from your letter, it might be dangerous for him to be closely confined. He told me in his letter that he was not qualified for any occupation except farming and that he did not have the means for this. I therefore make two offers to him. One is to purchase the farm worth a thousand dollars and let him go on it, and have all that he can make. The other is the system of education which I have already stated to you. Now if you can let him know this in such a manner as to be acceptable to him, I wish you to do so. If you think that such can not be done, then let me know it. He ought not to feel hurt at any assistance which I offer to give him, because he is my brother. Should he conclude to go on the farm, I want him to read during his spare time and having a good memory he can become a good historian. Should he prefer going on a farm, I think it would be well to select one in such a position as will enable him easily to dispose of his produce. He might in a few years be able to refund the money used. I would not charge him any interest. I have not got a thousand dollars on hand now; but expect to have in a few months. Wirt might be looking him out a place suitable farm so that when I come West we go together and see it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sorry that your eyes are so much impaired, but hope that they will be better before this reaches you. I would recommend you to fill a basin full of water and put your face under the water and hold your eyes open in it as long as you can hold your breath. Just do this once whenever your eyes are very painful. This is the course which I am now pursuing. I do it about six times a day in cold water \u0026amp; the water should be as cold as when just drawn from the well or taken from the river. My eyes are quite bad at present. Don't write but make Thomas do it for you. I would be glad if Wirt would write to me. Tell Thomas that I shall answer his letter in a few days and that I am very thankful to him for it. Tell him that I am much pleased with his good spelling. I sent the primer and reader by the last mail. Give my love to all and the family and Wirt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 1st, 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nDay before yesterday, I received a letter from Wirt written, at Uncle Alfred's. he says that his health had improved and that he ploughed nearly all the preceding day. He also stated that there is a school a short distance below the Island, and that he wants to go to school there when his health is sufficiently reestablished. He says that he likes Mr. Arnold \"very much\" and that you treated him \"like a brother.\" I am pleased with his letter, and if he continues at Uncle Alfred's, I want to visit him this summer. I should not for a moment suspect from his composition that his mind was injured. He speaks plainly and sensibly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that before this, you have recovered at least the usual use of your eyes and that all things are moving on pleasantly. How is Thomas getting along with his studies?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis a rainy day here, but is rather brighter that it was early in the morning. I have received the railing for dear Ellie's grave and this summer expect to take steps for the Tomb stones to be brought from Philadelphia. I intend to have them of Italian marble. The iron railing is neat and when I put it up it will be about three feet high.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePure and lovely companion of my happier days, I feel that she has entered upon the blissful enjoyment of which the human mind cannot have a clear conception. Ere many long years roll by I hope to be with her, where there will be no more separation. We loved each other on Earth and shall that love be diminished in eternity I do not believe it, but on the contrary will be greatly enhanced. Had I one request on Earth to ask in accordance with my own feelings and apart from duty it would be that I might join her before the close of another day after this. I have many pleasures here, but I believe that there are greater in reserve beyond this life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you want me to bring any thing in July, let me know in your next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive me love to all the family \u0026amp; to all inquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 18th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter post marked 10th Inst. came a few days after I had written to Mr. Watts of Staunton in reference to Mrs. Hilley and he tells me in his reply that the grand lodge could not do any thing for want of Jurisdiction and that the Staunton Lodge could not give assistance for want of funds. A recent house built by this lodge  has prevented any aid from this source. Mr. W. said \"We have purchased a very fine lodge room at a heavy expense, and all the means we can well share must go to pay for it.\" So you see how hopeless the case is. Say to Mrs. Hilley that I much regret this issue of the application. I had hoped that something would have been done, but as the Staunton and the grand lodges have both failed, I don't see that any thing is to be hoped for in this section of the state.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJulia last week purchased two collars for you but she could not find a suitable belt. I afterwards went in search of one, but with a similar result. There are plenty of them, but not such as please me, so I intend postponing the purchase until I reach Staunton. I could get a bonnet but I am afraid that it would get broken. I shall think it over when I am in Staunton. The [shawl] I have had no opportunity as yet of sending for. I shall try and bring you some slips from dear Ellie's flowers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt will give me much pleasure to teach Thomas while I am with you. I have a few old clothes which I will take with me. I much obliged for your kindness in reference to the shirts but don't let any thing be touched until I see you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWirt has not written since your last.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mrs. Hilley \u0026amp; to Miss El[illegible] and to other enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to all the family. I hope that Aunt and Cousin John's health have improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Alfred's\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 10th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe object of this note is to state that I was prevented from going on the Hall place. But I learned that she there are 637 1/2 acres to be sold on the 20th of this month. This land is composed of the Hall place, the School Croft place \u0026amp; the Thorpe place, none of which I wish to purchase. It is estimated that it will go at from three to five thousand dollars \u0026amp; is by all regarded as valuable property.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs my eyes continue weak you must excuse this brief letter. Wirt sends his love \u0026amp; thanks for the articles of clothing and says that he wants you to write to him, that he has only received that one short note from you though he has written several letters. Uncle's family are in usual health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 3rd 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAs my eyes are still troubling me, you must excuse this brief note. I left Wirt on Thursday of week before last with the understanding that he would start for Missouri on the following Monday. There he designed going to farming on some land of mine which I am to purchase. He is to have some more schooling after he gets located, and I hope that he will do well. He was troubled about the promise which he made to you of paying you a visit. I advised him to go at once and select some place where he would like to live and that I would write to you. It was important that he should as soon as practicable get fixed in some pursuit. His mind was unsettled and flying from thing to thing, and it appears that the course he was prevailed on to take is the best for him. He had learned but very little at school previous to my going to the River. But with the start I gave him in grammar I hope that he will become a good grammarian. I want him to study spelling writing and grammar. I hope that you will write to me soon approving his course and excusing him from his promise. I feet well satisfied that you would do so when I counseled him at once to locate himself. Give my love to all the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter to Wirt appears to have had a good influence on him such as to induce him to relinquish his idea of returning to Indiana. Yet he has gone beyond what I authorized him to do by purchasing a farm at eight dollars per acre. I restricted him to seven at most. But notwithstanding if Cousin Wm. Neale will approve of the bargain I have determined to advance eleven hundred dollars. I well know that there is a risk but it appears to me that I ought to run this risk for him. He made the purchase without consulting Cousin Wm. and it may be that he has been cheated. I have written to Uncle Alfred to forward between seven and eight hundred dollars if he thinks it should be done, but with the condition that the contract is to be approved by Cousin Wm. and the deed to be made out in my name. Wirt says that he has paid ninety five dollars of the purchase money by selling his horse to the person from whom he purchased.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Thomas left for home yesterday and I left at the house where he was staying a testament for him to carry to Mrs. Hilley. It may possibly be that it was not delivered to him, please let me know whether Mrs. Hilley gets it. He was not in when I left the book and he told me afterwards that he had not received it, but I requested him to ask for it before leaving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Mr. Arnold that I want to get about two thousand acres of land warrant and ask him whether he could purchase me any if I were to forward the money and at about what price does he think it can be procured. I do not want to make any purchases until after Christmas as the general impression I believe is that the price will be lower about that time, but I would like to know what it is worth now. Tell him that my intention is to let the land lay after purchasing it for a number of years without selling it and that as the lands in Kansas are less culled over than those in the free states I will for the same amount of money get better land and that Kansas will almost certainly be a free state and this will give the advantage of a free state in selling should I years hence wish to dispose of them. Ask him what he thinks of these views. Tell him that I have been told there is considerable good land in Illinois still unappropriated and if so I want to lay warrants on some of it as it must ultimately command a high price.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope Mr. Campbell will come on and that you will be able to keep him. Aunt Clem told me in a recent letter that soon after my leaving she was laid up from\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter appears in margin of this and previous pages]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharly \u0026amp; Julia took prizes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received Dear Ellie's tomb stones today enclosed a draft of the head stone, it has a full blown rose and a rose bud on the top. William Junkin my youngest brother-in-law is to be married tomorrow to Miss Anna Anderson a lovely a pretty girl. Our synod was a delightful assembly. Your affectionate brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 6th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 29th Sept. came safely and I am obliged to you for your advise in regard to Wirt, and I agree with you in regard to the course to be pursued. I had previously taken precautions against any such consequences as you refer to. My arrangement with regards to the purchase of land is this. That he should go out and make a selection of such a farm as would fulfill certain conditions, and previous to the purchase the transaction must be approved by Uncle Alfred Neale in the event of his being in Missouri at the time, if not then Cousin William Neale must approve of it. Upon complying with all the conditions, Uncle Alfred Neale is to forward endorse a note which I left in his hands and after getting the money out of the Bank to forward a check for it on [N. T.?] payable to the order of Cousin William Neale. And when the deed is made out in my name Cousin William is to pay the money. So the money is entirely beyond Wirt's control. Cousin Wm. Neale has advised Wirt to do as you recommended, viz. to raise stock \u0026amp; I suppose that he will do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen Wirt shall have purchased land, then I expect to furnish him some money to enable him to work it. This he may be able to dispose of, but I will be on my guard about entrusting him with it if there is any danger of [Will?/him?] going back to Uncle Thornton's\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am thankful to you for having written a plain letter to Wirt upon his conduct. I have received a letter from Wirt dated Sept. 19th in which he states that he had reached William Neale's but in going up the Mississippi River the boat was s[wamp?]ed and he left his berth to go forward leaving his purse under his pillow and when he returned it was gone. He says that the country is very healthy. But that improved land is worth from 25 to 30 dollars per acre. Cousin Wm. has advised him to go elsewhere and he is going to look at the lands of Johnson County. He expresses himself pleased with the country and I hope that he may do well. I do not want him to go into a free state if it can be avoided for he would probably become an abolitionist and then in the event of trouble between the N \u0026amp; S he would stand on one side and we on the opposite. Tell Mr. Arnold that next year I want to go West and make investments in land and would be glad could he go along and make some purchases for himself if he desires to make such.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter in margins of this and previous pages]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Woodson says that he acknowledges his obligation to assist Wirt but that he is not able. I agree with him that land in a free state rises most rapidly. But I have a scheme on hand which I think approve of and which I will give in my next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNov. 3rd 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would not omit to let me know Mr. Arnold's views in your next and whether he thinks that he will go with me and the prospect of buying say one thousand acres of land warrant \u0026amp; the price per acre.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wrote to James Dicks a few days since, and the reference to his putting up stones at Brother Warren's grave, and I wish that you would drop him a line as soon as convenient giving the days of his birth and death. If you have my letter upon the subject of his death you may find one of the dates from it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI got Aunt Coty Williams to go with me to Father's and our sisters graves and made arrangement with her for having the graves fixed up so far as renewing the Earth over them and I hope that before a [great while?] we shall be able to erect stones.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Cadets have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond but are expected to be home today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNov. 13th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[fragment; only top portion exists]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e...it as he was going West to buy land, and gave his note payable in two months. So your....\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[fragment; only top portion exists]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e-pects be applied as I originally designed. He wrote to me that he could get two hundred dollars for his bargain and if so will have done well by the purchase and sale of it again. I don't know what to do about him. I told him at the time that I made the proposition not to accept of it unless he felt it would be to his interest, and I wrote in reply to his letter expressing the advantages that Indiana offered, that if he was dissatisfied with our engagement not to consider himself bound by it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Hardin Neale it appears is really consumptive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very affectionately to all the family and very kindly to all inquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nChristmas 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has given me pleasure in various ways. I am glad to know that you can find time from your play to write me so good a letter and hope that you will write frequently. I am sorrowed that your mule should have been so unmannerly as to throw you off \u0026amp; even after doing this should kick you, but now since your Pa has sold him all such accidents I hope will be avoided for the future.  I remember having once been served pretty much the same way by one of those kicking creatures. It happened in this way I went with Cousin Wm. Brake whom your mother can tell you about to bring some mules home one Sunday Morning, and as I was riding down a long hill somehow or other I not only got over the mark across his shoulders but he got me over his head and jumped clear over me and way he went \u0026amp; from that day to this I have not been very fond of mule riding. You know they kick out to one side like a cow.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have corrected your letter \u0026amp; believing that you would understand the corrections better if I returned the letter with the corrections I have concluded to return it with this. And now I am not going to look over my letter, and I expect that there are some mistakes in it \u0026amp; if so I wish when you read it that you would point them out to your Pa or Ma and tell me of them when you next write, and if there are many you can just correct them, and return the letter thus corrected. I hope that you will get to a good school this Winter. I saw Doctor Bosworth this morning at the Hotel or Tavern in Town. He is up paying his son John a visit during the Christmas holidays \u0026amp; I wish that you would go \u0026amp; tell Mrs. Bosworth that I saw him \u0026amp; tell her also that John is well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Doctor told me that he thought that you would have a good teacher in Town this winter. I hope that you will get enough money to buy a calf and that you will grow up to be a good \u0026amp; wise man.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to your Father, Mother, Grace \u0026amp; Stark.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Uncle\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJany 14th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Aunt,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter enclosing Wirt's \u0026amp; its accompanying bonds came safely. And in reply I would state that I even desire that my feelings may never get the better of my judgement. And certainly from all the light now before me it would be in violation of my judgement to aid Wirt until he gives evidence of being a reliable and straight forward person. Though he promised in his letters to give a portion of each to [parsing?] as I had taught him. Yet he has not so much as attempted anything in any of his letters, and it appears \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[top margin text is end of letter, see page 2]\nunless they are responsible persons. that though he promised you not to purchase the watch, yet he violated his promise to you and excused himself by saying that the man made him do so. For the present and until he satisfies me that it would be proper to give him aid I must decline doing it. But it will give me pleasure to assist whenever I can do so with the consciousness that he will do what is right.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell uncle that I am anxiously looking for the check from him on New York City as I want to forward funds there as soon as practicable. Much love to uncle and to all the family. Please let me hear from you soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI return one of Wirt's papers and will return the others letter hereafter. The deed is to be made to Wirt \u0026amp; this not until is directly the reverse of his obligations \u0026amp; the time of making the deed is deferred until the last purchase money shall be paid \u0026amp; then if they cannot make it, there it ends unless they are responsible persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby. 18th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI expect that you have been expecting a letter for several mails as I am several mails behind my time, and acting upon the principle that late is better than never I have concluded to appropriate a portion of this afternoon to a little talk with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy paper you see is variegated with colors by obviously not much beautified by such acquisition. This varied appearance has resulted not from color but from the absence of color produced by spilling some nitric acid on it \u0026amp; it has given me about a [illegible] of the same stamp. Tell Thomas he must never give up his Latin grammar nor his English either. That if he perseveres that he may expect to find both of great use after awhile. Tell him that his uncle had to study hard for years at more difficult things than the Latin \u0026amp; grammar and that after he learns it, that it will all be very easy. Tell him also that I want a letter from him when he finds time to write. But he must make himself perfect master of his spelling book and grammar now when he is young and then he may expect to write correct letters, but without knowing these two books he can hardly expect to write correctly. Because all correct writing must have the words spelled correctly and written grammatically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow is cousin John getting? I have not yet written to him, but if your next letter brings the news of his life being prolonged I think that I will try and write very soon after. My time is taken up during the day and I am afraid to write at night. But my eyes are improving. I have no recent news of Wirt at least for several weeks \u0026amp; I do not know where he is. The last I heard from him was through a letter written to Aunt Clem. Cousin Hardin appointed Uncle Alfred his administrator. If Cousin John is still living, give him my warm remembrances \u0026amp; hope that the visions of the future may grow brighter until faith is lost in reality of those joys which passeth all understanding. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has come safely, and I am glad to learn that you are in such an exuberant flow of spirits and hope that such much may long continue.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received, and answered your other letter in regard to the tombstones at Brother Warren's grave. But as I usually answer letters from recollection, thus saving my eyes from rereading, I forgot \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter from page 4 appears on margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eto answer that particular inquiry, but remembered it afterwards and should have answered it. In this: I wish to put stones to his grave and also to Father's \u0026amp; sister's, and also to Mother's if I knew certainly the spot, but it appears to me that it would be best to put all up at the same time during the coming year. But if you would prefer having Warren's put up now, write to Jas. Dicks \u0026amp; ask him to do so, and pay him the twelve dollars, and ask Doctor Bosworth if it will not suit him to let you have my part of the expense and let me pay it over to Colonel Smith here the same amount for him, it will save him the risk of the losing it by mail, in the event of his sending his money by mail. But should it not be convenient for the Doctor to do so, and you can spare the money until I shall have an opportunity of getting a check I will forward it to you and should there be other expenses beyond twelve dollars I will share them with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe congregation here to which I belong have objects to which they subscribe of much more importance to them than your Academy can be, that I am well satisfied that your application would meet with little or no favor here, and I would advise that no effort should be made. We have six annual contributions, and then certain others which are first recommended by over session, and I am well satisfied that the session would consider other objects as more demanding their recommendation than the academy. You need not be afraid of the opposing party doing anything here if they were to do so it would give me an opportunity which I would embrace if at home of urging your claims.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end continues margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nNow for a letter to you, but I would much rather talk to you if you were here, but as I can't talk with you I do not intend biting off my nose by delaying myself the pleasure of writing. Thanks to you for your correction of my letter. And now let us see how many errors you can find in this yours. And now let us read your letter together, and let us number the wrong words. No (1) means to exclude, you wished to tell me to receive, just the reverse of this, and should have said accept. No. 2 should begin with the capital E because the word is an adjective derived from the name of a nation. No. 3 should for the same reason begin with L. No. 4 should be piece, look in your dictionary for both words piece \u0026amp; peace. No. 5 wants an e at the end. I hope that your finger has perfectly recovered. I am much pleased with your letter and want you to write often. Your little sealing wax experiment had much gratified me. And now I hope that you will put all the words which I corrected for you down on a separate piece of paper and memorize them safely so that when I next visit you they can all be repeated by you, Grace and Stark.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad to see them doing so well in their studies. And if you study your Latin grammar well, I think that you will be apt to like it after you become well acquainted with it. We generally like those things best which we can do the best. We usually find that the little boy who can run faster than any other boy fond of running races and the one who can read the best of any in his class fond of reading. And the man who can talk better and speak better than others fond of talking and speaking. I want to see you a good talker, but especially a good speaker and your Latin is very important in making you a good speaker, and so study it with all your might. Besides the correction of my letter let us see if you can correct these words viz.: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter continues on margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelfia, Pensilvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to all the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate\u003cbr\u003e\nUncle Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 12th, 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThanks for your letter and excuse me for not having answered it sooner. I have been unsuccessful in procuring seed as our seed seller of last year did not bring them on this year. But the apothecary chanced to have a few on hand from which I have selected two papers. The assortment is very poor and small.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would drop a note to Mr. Criss or to Cousin Elizabeth and see whether he could not see to putting up the stones at the graves of Father \u0026amp; Sister, and ask what they will come to including the cost of putting them up. And if you can get it attended to I will advance the money at any time for the purpose but before closing the terms let me know because if they are not as good as I can get elsewhere I had better have it done. But it appears to me that all the\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[part of end of letter appears on this page]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebe absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you. probabilities are in favor of getting it done cheaper in by Mr. Criss than I could get it done abroad from Clarksburg. I have not been able to ascertain the cost of railing for you but intend writing to Phil. about it. The railing around Ellie's grave was about one dollar and a half per foot.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaggie left for Phil. last Saturday. I received a letter from Wirt in which he expresses his probable intention of going West again and I understand from his language that he means California; as he speaks of going over the plains or some such phraseology. I have been trying to find his letter but have not succeeded at this time. I fear that I will not get to Beverly this summer as I am very anxious to go direct to Washington City, \u0026amp; begin my work of finding out and locating land and as I may have much to do in the West in endeavoring to find out the best land \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter in margins of page 1 and 2]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eall my time may be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me hear from you soon. I hope that Thomas has received my letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had a great revival of religion here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 19th/56\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Aunt,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou may ere this have wondered at my long silence. And it has not resulted from not having thought of you, but this year like the past has been much occupied with my professional duties and I have not yet finished a new book which I am teaching this year on astronomy. But by the way I think that you are a letter in my debt. But with those I love I don't wish to stand on formalities, and you see from the size of my paper that you are not to be troubled with a long epistle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd you are probably by this time beginning to think that he has not much to say or else he would commence setting about it. But such is not the case, for we have such an outpouring of the Spirit of God in our churches here as I never remember of having seen elsewhere. Your branch of the church has recently been increased though I can not say how much. The Episcopal church about a week since took in nearly twenty five and from present appearances I suppose that about fifty will join the Presbyterian church in a few days when we are to have our commission. The Baptist church is also being blest, and I think that we may reasonably expect more than one hundred from this revival. I feel very thankful to God for such divine blessings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that Laura was here. I want you dear Aunt to make her one of the number for whom you regularly pray. What answer did she give you in regard to your very kind and Christian letter to her. Pray that the Glorious work of grace here may go on. Laura appears to be blest with unusual good health this summer. I wrote to Wirt sometime since a letter of very plain talk about the same that I wrote to you in regard to him. It was the result of a letter which he wrote to me. I thought that in reply I had better be plain even though he should take offence. For he would then see that I only wish to have business transactions with persons who were entirely reliable. Please give much love to Uncle \u0026amp; to all the family. Remember that I attach unusual importance to your letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate nephew\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 6th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter came safely. And I begin my reply now though I shall not mail it until Monday. As yet I have not heard from Phil. in regard to the railing, but I may do so by the time of forwarding this. In regard to the tomb stones, I wish as soon as you receive an answer in reference to them, and shall have determined on the price \u0026amp; the time that they are to be put up you would let me know because in the event of their being put up before September I must make my arrangements before starting West. And I wish to know the amount as I desire to employ all of my spare funds in the purchase of lands. Doctor Bosworth will pay you fifteen dollars for me, in return for money which he wrote to me to give his son John this coming summer, but it will not be due until sometime in July as he proposed returning it to me in Beverly this summer supposing that I would visit Beverly. And if the man comes to Beverly as I suppose he does from his furnishing stones for Cousin John's grave, had I not better send the money to you and get you to pay him, getting Cousin Criss to see that he does the work properly. I expect Col. Augustus Smith here this month from Clarksburg and if you can't arrange the matter otherwise, I may be able to arrange it through him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn reference to Wirt, I am interested in his welfare and had he followed my advice I feel that he would most certainly have been benefited by it. I wrote to him not long since in answer to a letter from him. Ask Mr. Arnold if there is anything which I can do for him this summer in the way of locating land warrants or otherwise. Tell him that my present purpose is to go to Washington from here and after finding out all that I can there in reference to Western lands, to pass into Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and probably Arkansas and say to him that I design following out Transcript\nhis idea of locating some land in a Northern state, but that I am a little afraid to put much there for fear that in the event of dissolution of the Union, that the property of Southerners may be confiscated. I want to locate about three thousand acres, maybe a little more, and if I can please myself will probably put down about one half of it in a Northern state. I would be thankful for suggestions from Mr. Arnold if he has any to make. As yet I have not purchased \nThis is Monday afternoon and no news as yet in regard to the railing by my next letter you may expect to hear about the cost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to all the family. I hope that Thomas is doing well in his Latin and English grammar.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 9th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI sail in the steam ship Asia for Europe at 12 o'clock today for Liverpool. The reasons for doing so I will give in my next. I gave John Bosworth an order on the Lexington book for thirty dollars and requested that the money should be returned to you. This will do for Father's and sister's graves. Don't ask Mr. Arnold for any money, but if you have not ten dollars to pay Jim Dix [?] for Brother Warren's, you may expect me to advance it when I return next fall.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMuch love to all\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShip Asia at Sea\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 18th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou have doubtless been surprised at my sudden leaving for Europe instead of going West to purchase or locate land. You may remember that in 1851 I had a nine months leave of absence for the purpose of visiting Europe, but that Col. Smith induced me to relinquish the idea for the time, holding out to me an opportunity at some future time, and that I accordingly did postpone my comtemplate[d] trip.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis year as the time for going West drew near, I became more and more discouraged in regard to investing money in such distant lands, and a gentleman with whom I conversed and who has had much experience told me that he did not think it a safe and profitable investment. Another friend told me that he had come very near losing a part of his, in consequence of his being so far off as to interfere with his giving sufficient attention to it. And I have rather concluded to keep my money invested in stocks of different kinds and thus get my dividends regularly and trust to the blessing of Providence for gradually increasing my worldly goods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThus circumstanced I a few days before starting concluded that an opportunity was now offered of going to Europe which would probably never again be presented to me. What should I do with the two months this before me was a question which I did not know how to solve satisfactorily. You are a very kind and affectionate sister. Yet even with you I would be reminded of the loss of that happiness which I once enjoyed with Dear Ellie. So I have to some extent torn myself away from that state of mind which I feared should my summer have been passed at home or in the W. States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you will be able to get up the tomb stones by the aid of thirty dollars from Dr. Bosworth. But don't ask anything of Mr. A and when I return I will let you have what ever may be wanting should you not be able to get along with what you have.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI expect to visit Liverpool, London, Paris, Genoa, Florence, Pisa, Rome, Naples, Brussels, Antwerp, Edinburgh, and some other points of interest. I wish you would write me a letter to N.Y. City during the first week of October. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family. Kindest regards to all inquiring relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNaples\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 9th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou must excuse my long silence as I have been much pressed for time, and now barely hasten to drop you a line.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince landing at Liverpool I have been at Glasgow, Sterling Castle \u0026amp; Edinburgh Scotland, York, London \u0026amp; other places in England; Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo \u0026amp; other places in Belgium. Since then I have passed through Aix La Chapellr, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main,[? going] ascended the Rhine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom Frankfort I proceeded to Heidelberg and thence on to Baden Baden in Germany, Strasbourg in France, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Geneva \u0026amp; the city of Geneva in Switzerland, and so on to the great ice berg called Mer de Glas that is sea of ice. I continued in Switzerland for about a week and crossed the Alps by the Simplon Pass as it is called through which Napoleon entered Italy. The scenery of Switzerland is very grand.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon entering Italy I passed on through the cities of Milan, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn and finally to this place. With Venice, Florence and Naples I have been very much gratified. I was at the volcano of Vesuvius last Friday and went about half way down one of the active craters. The scene was truly grand this evening. I leave for Rome. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 25th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI forwarded to you after returning home a few lines, and with pleasure now appropriate a few minutes to say where I have been during my absence. As to telling what I saw a volume of several hundred pages would be required, but should I ever be permitted to see you I trust that I will be able to pass several hours in narrating my travels.  I was unable to come through Beverly and see you. I was several days later returning home than I had designed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter reaching Liverpool I passed town to the old town of Chester and then out to the Residence of the Marquis of Westminster. His house is called Eaton Hall. Afterwards I returned to Liverpool and preceded North into Scotland passing through Glasgow, Sterling and Edinburgh. After leaving Edinburgh I returned to England visiting York, the residence of Oliver Cromwell, the University of Cambridge \u0026amp; London city. I took a steamboat to the continent landing at Antwerp and passing on to Brussels, Waterloo, Aix la Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Coblentz, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Berne, Freiburg, [illegible], Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas (sea of ice) over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass. Milan, Verona, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Naples, Rome, Genoa, Marseilles, Lyons, Paris, Calais, London, Liverpool, N. York, home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI could talk to you with much pleasure about the very many things of much interest. Tell Thomas that I intend answering his letter in a few days. I am much gratified that you are putting up the grave stones. Should you want any more funds let me know. I found two letters from Wirt waiting for me at home. I will send him a check for thirty dollars if I can get one on N. York for that amount.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter in bottom margin page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMuch love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington,Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 27th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy very dear Aunt,\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is with pleasure that God again permits me to write to you from my adopted home. Your kindness and that of Uncle has not been forgotten but when you hear where I was during my short absence you will not be surprised at not hearing from me, as my time was even too short to see well what came within the range of my journey. After leaving Liverpool, I passed to Chester \u0026amp; Eaton Hall and from thence returning I visited Glasgow Lochs Lomond \u0026amp; [Katrine] Sterling Castle. Edinburgh, York, London, Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Aix La Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Freiberg, Geneva, Mer de Glas, over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass, Naples, Rome, Marseilles, Paris, London, Liverpool, home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI would like to have a long talk with you all about the many interesting things which came under my observation, but must forgoe the pleasure for the present and to attempt to write about it would be unsatisfactory as a long letter would hardly touch upon the subject. You were doubtless surprised at my sudden determination not to go west but to go to the \"Old World.\" My friends discouraged me so much that about the time that I had contemplated starting as induced me not to go and as my summer was then left unappropriated it appeared as Providence had opened the way for my long contemplated visit and I am much gratified at having gone.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have determined to send by the next mail a check to Wirt for thirty dollars and as I have not been able to get a check on N.Y. from any bank I have shall send one signed by myself on the person with whom my money is deposited. Should Wirt not be able to pass it, I have requested him to send it to Uncle Alfred hoping that Uncle will be able to get the Parkersburg bank to give a check in exchange. Should Uncle not be able to do so, please return it to me and I will write on to N. York and get a bill or check of deposit if necessary. I hope that their will be no occasion of forwarding it to Uncle. Give much love to uncle and to all the Family and remember that I am always glad to hear from you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate nephew, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington,Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 1st 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nThanks for your letter. I am glad that your teacher has come on and that you are hard studying amo and that you came off so well at the exhibition and I trust that by the time I get to see you that you will know a great deal about Latin and those books which you have just purchased. Remember that this is the 1st day of Winter and that cold weather is the best time for study, and also the best time for taking much exercise and that the harder one studies, the more exercise he should take for it gives him a clear head and a healthy body.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am much obliged to you all for sending those daguerreotypes \u0026amp; the sugar egg. I shall have much to talk about when we meet of the find paintings \u0026amp; sculpture, and beautiful countries through which I passed last summer. Tell Mr. Thomas when you have an opportunity that Mr. Lyle is much better and that he can walk about some in his room. And does your Pa like the new President Mr. Buch {Buchanan}.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile I was gone I saw some funny things too as well as pretty ones. I remember seeing in England in a town called Chester about 98 miles from Liverpool which I will mention presently as soon as I tell you that Chester is a town with a wall around it, and it and the city of York are about the only cities in England that are still walled and that the York walls are more recent than those of Chester and hence not so interesting as they don't tell us so much about the ancient Britons. It appears that the walls of Chester were built by the Britons in order to protect themselves from the Welsh who lived a little West of Chester. But now for that funny thing and what so you think it was. Well I went into their largest church (called a Cathedral) which once belonged to the Roman Catholics and there among many other things I saw a representation of the Devil in the shape of him swallowing a man feet foremost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI never knew before that Old Nick lived on men and I saw some other things which I would like to talk to you about.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me soon. Give much love to your Pa, Ma, to Grace \u0026amp; Stark and remember me to all inquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate uncle, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 6, 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am glad to learn that you have secured a teacher \u0026amp; that she has been with you for some time, and I hope that she is such as you desire she should be. We have just been listening in our village to a series of lectures by Mr. O.P. Baldwin of Richmond. They were 4 in no., viz. \"Better time coming,\" \"Humbugs,\" \"Spirit Rappings,\" \u0026amp; \"Yankees \u0026amp; Southerners.\" As you may judge from their names they were more amusing than instructive. I heard the first three.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou would probably like to hear a little of my whereabouts during the past summer and I purpose on giving you a kind of journal should you so desire me. But should you get tired at any time just let me know. I believe that I said something to you in my last, but as I failed to take a note of my stopping points I shall again commence at Liverpool.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeaving Liverpool the same day of my landing I proceeded to the city of Chester which is about 18 miles from Liverpool and on entering the Hotel was met by a lady instead of a landlord as I had been accustomed in at home, and she wished to know whether I would have a room \u0026amp; After having secured my quarters I proceeded to the Cathedral, which is a large edifice formerly occupied by the Roman Catholics. At the door I was met by a man who upon learning where I was from inquired after the Fairfax family stating that the representative of that house lived in America and that he was entitled to the succession. It was about the hour of evening service. They have 2 services there per day and this was about 4 o'clock P.M.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe turned me over to the sexton who showed me to a seat upon the condition that I should not leave it until after the service was over. After service he showed me through the building which was quite interesting. Among other things were the seats for the friars or monks which were so constructed that should they become drowsy \u0026amp; forgetful of their duty, their seats suddenly dropt them on the floor \u0026amp; recalled their wandering thoughts. I walked around the wall and saw the tower on which King Charles the 1st stood \u0026amp; saw the defeat of his army at Routen Moor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMuch love to all the family \u0026amp; kind regards to all inquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby. 26, 1857\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 8th came safely. I regret that you should have been the loser of so many teeth. I don't like the idea of you being toothless, but as you say another set can be furnished by the dentist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a letter from Aunt Clem requesting me to lend Uncle Alfred two or four hundred dollars for Wirt to buy stock to drive to California. I did not have the money and even if I had should not have lent it for one reason among others is that if Wirt goes to California, he will probably throw himself away or be ruined.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have recently heard from him and he asks me to lend him thirty dollars but says nothing about going to C. I think that next month when our bank gets in operation that I will send him thirty dollars. I am unable to say whether I will first visit Beverly or North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOur winter has been very severe, but for near a fortnight we have had beautiful weather. The aspen is in bloom the and weeping willow is beginning to look green. I am still at Dr. Junkin's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Miss Eliza that if I should bring her a beau that she must not tell on me lest the old bachelors about Beverly should mob me for trampling on their toes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI infer from your letter that I was when I dropped my narrative at the Cathedral of Chester. After leaving Chester I passed to a beautiful estate of an English nobleman by the name of the Marquis of Westminster; he lives about three miles from the city, but after driving about half a mile I came to a beautiful gateway somewhat resembling the front of a fine building. Here the porter who had charge of it admitted me and I drove through a park containing about 1800 [or 1900] deer, the race course on which he tries his horses, etc. the fences being made of iron and the grounds containing a variety of luxuriant trees. After passing on thus for near 2 ½ miles, I came to a magnificent palace covered with pinnacles. Here after ringing the bell a servant of quite a gentlemanly appearance came to the door and admitted me by my giving him my ticket of admission which I had procured before leaving Chester. The interior of the building is magnificent. One of the rooms is copied from the celebrated Alhambra of Granada in Spain which was built by the Moors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo you wish me to send you the old clothes of which you spoke next summer. As they are not worth much the cost of transportation may cost more than they are worth. If you wish them sent let me know in your next. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI don't know whether you have yet returned from your visit to Aunt's but I will write to you now, as I have the time and might not have so much leisure in a few days hence and I will begin by stating that I have an invitation for you, and what do you think it is? \u0026amp; who from? For it is not often that I am authorized to send you invitations and especially pressing ones and I suppose you will begin to think or may think well what does he mean? Why doesn't he tell me at once \u0026amp; be done with it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWell you see I have finished \u0026amp; hope I am done with the first page of my letter \u0026amp; am running on at a tremendous rate, so that if I don't tell you soon, you will hardly get it all from this sheet. Well now having cultivated your patience a little as all women are said to have curiosity I will tell you that Miss Mary Anna Morrison, a friend of mine in the Western part of N. Carolina and in the Southern part of the State, is engaged to be married to an acquaintance of yours living in this village \u0026amp; she has requested me to urge you to attend her wedding in July next. To use her own words she says \"I hope your sister will come. You must urge her to do so. I should be very glad if she could come.\" The wedding is not to be large. I told her that I would give the invitation \u0026amp; having done so, feel that I am free from all further responsibility in the matter. I told her that I didn't think that you would be able to accept it, and if you can't just let me know in your next \u0026amp; transfer the invitation to your humble servant, and he will not decline, for he is very anxious to go as he is much interested in the ceremony \u0026amp; the occasion \u0026amp; the young lady is a very special friend of mine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you have had a very pleasant trip to the River. I deposited in our bank a few days since twenty dollars \u0026amp; transferred the evidence of deposit to Wirt \u0026amp; forwarded it to him stating that he might expect more next July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe present which you made Ellie was never made up, \u0026amp; if you can dispose of it in any way I think that I will send it to you when John Bosworth goes home for I suppose that Anna would feel some delicacy in having it made up. Our weather is beautiful at present \u0026amp; I suppose that spring will rapidly advance now.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockbridge Alum Springs\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 11/ 57\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nSince my last we have visited Niagara, Saratoga \u0026amp; immediate places. As stated in my Richmond letter, I had expected to proceed from that point to your house, but an enlargement of one of the glands of Anna's neck induced me to consult a physician, \u0026amp; my concern was so great as to induce me to take her to Philadelphia where she consulted a Doctor Jackson of the University, \u0026amp; he was unable to decide as to the true character of the case. But whilst there, I met with Dr. Graham of Lexington in whom I have great confidence, \u0026amp; he advised me to bring her here after making a short tour.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe reached here last Wednesday evening and the enlargement has apparently diminished considerably since that time. We expect to remain here till near the close of my vacation \u0026amp; then return to Lexington. I regret that we have been unable to visit you this summer but I felt that under the circumstances it was my duty to make Anna's health the first object of concern. In coming from Staunton here I fell in with Cousin [Flo?] \u0026amp; her little boy on their way to the Healing Springs. Let me hear from you soon \u0026amp; if you can write before the 25th of this month, direct to this place, otherwise direct to Lexington. Give love to all. Anna joins me in love to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNov. 1, 1857\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAgain I am blessed with the privilege of communing with you. My duties are ended for the week, I may say, as in my department there will be no more recitations this week. But at 4 o'clock the Faculty have a weekly meeting at the Superintendent's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThrough the continued blessings of Providence, my health continues to improve. At present, I suffer more with cold feet than anything else. I have been accustomed to bathing them in cold water; but they have cracked open so much as to render the discontinuance of it necessary. I have an invitation to a party this evening, but must decline going. The citizens of this place are such as I admire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have tried on my shirts and they fit very well with the exception of the collars which are not long enough in the band. Accept of my thanks for the present. How are Thos. and the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to see you next summer. I had a pleasant time at the Springs, but only visited the Rockbridge Alum, the Bath Alum and the Warm Springs. I saw the blowing cave: it is a remarkable curiosity. There is at one time a strong current of air rushing out and at another time, a strong current rushing in. There has never been but one mouth found to the cave. It is in Bath county and about eight miles from the Bath Alum Springs. My love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDecember 19/57\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou have probably been expecting a letter from me for some days. Owing to an inflammation of the tube leading to the ear and also inflammation of the throat (chronic) and very painful neuralgia, I have been constrained to give up my correspondence for a while. I never remember having suffered so much as within the last three weeks, and now I am compelled to use a vial of chloroform liniment per day externally and am also using a preparation of ammonia. The hearing of my right ear is impaired, but I trust not permanently. I have continued to attend to my recitations, notwithstanding my suffering. In a few days I hope to be free from pain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe eye medicine helped me for a while I think but I can't say that I have been permanently benefited, and I would advise you not to try the medicine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna is quite robust again. She joins me in love to you all. I wrote to Wirt, advising him to go to some active occupation and to read standard books and thus endeavor to apply his knowledge of grammar and become thus acquainted acquainted with the construction of the language- use is of great importance. His knowledge of the grammar considering the time he has given to it is discouraging. To keep him at school with such little progress is pretty much throwing away the money and time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me hear from you soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 8th, 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very welcome letter of last week reached me this morning and I am rejoiced to learn that you are so much concerned about \"the one thing needful.\" I have never believed that you would be lost. I have borne in mind that our sainted mother's prayers would not be forgotten by our Heavenly Father. Though dead, her prayers, I trusted would be precious in the sight of the Lord.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou wish to know how to come to God; so as to have your sins forgiven, and to receive \"the inheritance which is incorruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away.\" Now my dear sister the way is plain: the savior says in Mark XVI chapter, 16th verse \"He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved.\" But you may ask what is it to believe. To explain this I will quote from an able theologian, and devoted servant of God. To believe in the sense in which the word is used here, \"is feeling and acting as if there were a God, a Heaven, a Hell; as if we were sinners and must die; as if we deserve eternal death, and were in danger of it. And in view of all, casting our eternal interests on the mercy of God in Christ Jesus. To do this is to be a Christian.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou speak of having done all that you know in order to be accepted: this is too apt to be our error. We must not depend on making ourselves holy: but just come to the Father, and ask him to forgive our sins for the sake of Jesus, and rely entirely on the merits of Christ for our prayer being answered. The Father loves the Son and for his sake pardons those who plead the Son's merits. We should never think of presenting any merits of our own for we are all sinners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not trouble yourself too much about not having repented enough for your sins, for your letter shows that you have much concern about the subject. But let me advise you simply to do as God enabled me to do, that is, resolve to spend the remaining part of life in His service, to obey the teachings of the Bible until death, and to rely entirely on the mercy of God for being saved, and though the future looked dark, yet it has become very bright. Never despair, even old Christians have dark moments.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNever omit of pray at regular times. For years your salvation has been my daily prayer and shall continue so. Write to me often and tell me all your trials, that I may\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not trouble yourself too much about Were it not for my throat, Anna \u0026amp; myself would like very much to pay you a visit this winter. My throat \u0026amp; the sale of a neighbors property next week are the two obstacles. Anna is anxious to go next [week?]. She joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, VA.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 1st/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nWe have a little prodigy one day old this afternoon. She calls herself Mary Graham Jackson. Anna is doing very well, \u0026amp; joins me in love to yourself and sister Eugenia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 1st 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very much pressed with business, but I must drop you a line to say that yesterday God blessed us with a charming little daughter, and we have named her after Mrs. Morrison, Mary Graham.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy eyes have been troubling me much lately. I regret that you have had so much suffering, it appears to have resembled my attack. I am now using glycerine which is the essence of oil. I take it through the nostrils for the purpose of curing the inflammation at the entrance of the nasal tubes into the mouth and I find it of great service. God had blest its use to me very much. I tried caustic or nitrate of silver, but with much less effect. I hope that you will soon be well. I ascertained to day that I can get a copy of \"Silver Wood\" in town so you may expect one when Mr. Chenoweth goes home if not before.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna \u0026amp; the little one are both doing very well for which we are thankful to our Heavenly Father. I received a letter from Wirt a few days since. His health I think is just tolerable from what he says. I have been wanting to write to Thomas for some time \u0026amp; and hope to do so before long.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay the blessings of our Heavenly Father rest upon you richly is the prayer of your affectionate brother. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026amp; the children. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 22/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter came safely, but finds our little daughter very ill of jaundice, and she may at any hour take her place among the redeemed in Paradise. Anna is doing well. My intention has \u0026amp; still is to visit you this summer, but I learned a lesson from last summer, not to make a promise for no one can tell what a day will bring forth, but I trust that if our little daughter lives that God will bless us all in a visit to see you \u0026amp; all the family. It seems like a long time since I was at your house. The children I suppose have grown much. Give my thanks to my darling little niece for her letter \u0026amp; tell her I expect to answer it in a few days. Give much love to all the children from myself \u0026amp; Anna. She joins me in love to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a letter from Wirt this morning stating that he is well but that he has lost his horse by his straying off, and that he wants me to forward him one hundred \u0026amp; five dollars N.Y. funds, which I want to try \u0026amp; do; though it will cost a premium here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affect. Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 7th/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear little Niece,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very interesting letter reached me a short time before your sweet little cousin \u0026amp; my little daughter was called from this world of sin, to enjoy the Heavenly happiness of Paradise. She died of Jaundice on the 25th of April.  [Jackson's error-- the baby died on May 25] Whilst your Aunt Anna and myself feel our loss, yet we know that God has taken her away in love. Jesus says \"suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of Heaven.\" Did you ever think my dear Grace that the most persons who have died and gone to Heaven are little children. Your aunt is doing very well, she is out visiting.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe hope to go \u0026amp; see you all this summer, but my health is so delicate, that I am disposed to go North first. I think this will give us more time to stay with you. Should we go to see you first I may have to hasten on North without staying more than two or three days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish your would write to me at once and let me know which you would rather I should do. I hope that you have enjoyed your school and your vacation both very much. Remember your aunt \u0026amp; uncle to your Father, Mother, Thomas \u0026amp; Stark, and accept much love for yourself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate uncle,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 7th/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nIn compliance with your request I proceed to give you a statement respecting the condition of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School. But in doing so, I feel it unnecessary to say more than a few words, as you are already acquainted with its leading features. The school is usually opened by singing part of a hymn, which should be announced the previous Sabbath. This is followed by reading one or more verses from the Bible, with explanations \u0026amp; applications; this is succeeded by prayer. After this each class is instructed by its teacher from the Bible, catechism and hymn book. At the close  of the school which is near forty five minutes from the opening, there is a public examination on two verses of the child catechism, published by our Board. These verses should be announced the previous Sabbath. After the close of the examination, the school is dismissed, the remaining part of the opening hymn having been sung immediately after the examination.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe system of reward you are acquainted with, and the premiums so far have been near a dozen Testaments and one Bible. The day of their presentation is the first Sabbath of each month. Several scholars are studying the shorter catechism at the present time. Each teacher keeps a class book in which is noted each scholar's department in school. The lesson should be taught one Sabbath, with a view to examination \u0026amp; mark on the next. Each teacher at the close of the month give me a circular (blanks having been furnished) exhibiting for each scholar the manner in which the lesson has been prepared, the conduct in school, no. of lates, absences. From these circulars, I make a monthly entry in the record book, which contains not only the no. of lates \u0026amp; absences, but also the names of the teachers, scholars, owners, persons with whom the scholars are living, the lates \u0026amp; absences of teachers, and a weekly record of the proceedings of the school. By reference to the record book, I find 91 to be the no. of scholars there reported.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePraying that the S. school convention may be a great blessing to the cause \u0026amp; to yourself I remain your attached friend.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 19th 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter \u0026amp; that of Grace reached me this morning and for a while I thought that I might be able to visit you previous to going North, but after more maturely considering my case, \u0026amp; all the circumstances, I am disposed to think that I had better go North first. My disease is not understood by my physicians here and I have nearly if not entirely lost my hearing in the right ear \u0026amp; my left ear is diseased, and my nose is internally affected. The first thing it appears to me should be to seek relief if it is to be had.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me to N.Y. City, and tell Tom and Grace that they must write to me this summer also, as soon as I let you all know where my letters will reach me after leaving N.Y. City. Tell Grace that I am much obliged to her for her letter, and that she may expect me to answer  it before a great while. As to Thomas' examination, I think Mr. Thomas can judge better of his qualifications than myself, though I wish that I could be with you all before his teacher leaves. I hope to be with you in the latter part of August.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI forwarded a check to Wirt for one hundred \u0026amp; five dollars on N.J. I had to pay a premium of one per cent for it and urged him to refund the money on the first of Sept. according to promise. If I had known that he had found his horse, I don't know that I should have sent him so much. I have need of all the money that I can command. When you write to him, tell him that he had better sell me one of his horses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in much love to you \u0026amp; the children. Remember me to Mr. Thomas \u0026amp; his lady \u0026amp; to all enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 21st, 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but have been prevented. I am now under the care of a physician by the name of Carnochan who is one of the professors in a medical college here. I hope that I am improving, but do not know how long I will remain here. Probably ten days longer, afterwards I expect to start on my visit  to you but will delay sometime on the way I expect in Philadelphia, Baltimore, the Glades.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt Anna is quite well and we are seeing many pretty things here. Give my love and your Aunt's to all the family, and write to me as soon as you receive this. Direct your letter to New York City.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Uncle,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 23d, 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 19th inst. reached me this morning. Thomas reached here as you expected on last Saturday and has been a very good boy and we are all much pleased with him. He commenced going to school on Tuesday last to Mr. McFarland \u0026amp; is studying the English \u0026amp; Latin languages. His teacher wishes him to study arithmetic also, but I am unwilling for him to undertake any more at present, until I see what success will attend his present studies \u0026amp; also what kind of health he will have. I don't wish him to go over any thing without his understanding it thoroughly \u0026amp; hence he must not have too much to study. I regard it as a great error to require a child to study what his mind is not capable of appreciating. The tendency is to diminish his fondness for study, to give him a vague way of thinking (since he is not accustomed to see the precise points) \u0026amp; by overtasking the mind his health both of body \u0026amp; mind are endangered. I have been much gratified as seeing Thomas' mind so good; it has improved very much since I last saw him \u0026amp; I think it is partly due to the light course of studies which he has been pursuing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will attend to the directions of your letter \u0026amp; I am glad to see that your views with regard to Thomas' education \u0026amp; my views on the same subject are so much alike. I don't think that Thomas will get much home sick. I regret that I have not got some occupation for him \u0026amp; also regret not having some good companion for him to always associate with. I wrote to you about pocket money for him, but as I stated that probably he had reserved enough for that purpose, so I find such to be the case, as he since gave me three dollars to keep for him. Should you send him any clothes at any time, I would not send them of the same style as those he wears, as they are not worn here by boys as large as himself. I find that his dress makes him too marked, I will get him a suit, better adapted to his age.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy greatest concern about him is his eating. When he first came, he would use neither milk nor coffee, since then he drinks a little coffee; but I am a little afraid of his doing so, as he has not been accustomed he says to its use. I don't wish him to change his home habits in any respect unless there is necessity for so doing. I wish you would let me know how he lived at home. He gets his lessons well. Anna joins me in love to yourself \u0026amp; the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 11, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir,\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom your letter of the 31 ult. I am gratified to learn that you contemplate making a European tour. You request me to send you a copy of my notes of travel. Should I do so, I fear that they would be of but little service to you as they are not sufficiently full to give you much information. Even with my recollection of places, etc. to aid me, I am not always able to make out the sense. And instead of giving you incoherent suggestions, I have thought best to glance over my notes, and send you such information as I think will be valuable. And in doing so, I would recommend you to purchase a note book before sailing, and if time will permit to keep a satisfactory journal beginning with the first day and closing with the returning one of your tour.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs soon as you reach Liverpool purchase guide books of such countries as you design visiting. If you have time to see things leisurely, don't employ guides. Leaving L. visit Chester and drive out to Eaton Hall, which is a fine specimen of an English nobleman's estate; it belongs to the Marquis of Westminster, said by some to be the wealthiest man in England. If you have time after returning to C. take the cars and visit the great Tubular bridge, and pass over to Ireland for a few days. Should you go to I. be sure if you should pass near Parsonstown, to see the great Ross telescope, and whilst there, ask for its magnifying power, and please inform me of it. Returning to Liverpool visit the following places Glasgow, Dunbarton Castle, Loch Loman, Loch Catrine, Sterling Castle, Edinborough, York, Cambridge, London, Antwerp, Waterloo. Pass through Brussells on your way to and also on your return from Waterloo. Leaving B. visit Aix La Chappel, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidleburg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Baste, Lakes Lucern, Brienz \u0026amp; Thun. Stop for at least one day at Interlaken which is between lakes B. \u0026amp; T. Visit Berne, Freiberg, Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas. From Martigny, cross the Alps by the Simplon Pass into Italy. Visit Lakes Como \u0026amp; Majora. Visit Milan, Verona, Venice, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Rome, Naples, Genoa, Turin, Paris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have given you the tour I should take above all others, if I did not have time for a more extensive one. It differs a little from the one taken by me. I did not see the Tubular Bridge nor visit Ireland. And instead of visiting Turin I hastened to Paris by the steamer from Genoa. Knowing the stopping points you can post yourself up on your guide book in advance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn York observe the organ especially. In Antwerp note Reubens' paintings. In Heid. observe the castle. In Strasburg is the wonderful clock. In Feiberg is one of the best organs in the world. At Verona is the most perfect amphitheater in the world. You may find it more pleasant to visit Naples before Rome. You will fine Genoa probably the most beautiful of all the cities in consequence of its elevation being such as to present its different parts distinctly to the eye when viewed from the harbor. I omitted calling your attention to the Museum in Antwerp.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn Venice, nearly every thing of interest except its canals are on St. Mark's square. In Florence give yourself plenty of time to visit frequently the statuary in the room called the Tribuna. Study the original works of art with which you may meet in Antwerp, Florence, Rome, etc. and when you reach Paris you will see a miniature of all, serving to refresh your memory but not calling for examinations, as you have already seen the originals. In P. you should give attention to the externals, visit the neighboring Royal residences, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf course you will pass some time in London and visit the Parks, Westminster Abbey a number of times. I hope that you may be able to make the tour and that you may realize more than you even anticipate\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI would be glad to hear from you during your absence \u0026amp; after your return. Things are here in much the same routine as when you left.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours truly, T. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 9th, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI omitted in my last to answer your question as to when I design visiting Beverly. I hope to do so in July; but you must not give yourself any trouble about the vegetables you spoke of; as I am through the blessing of our Heavenly Father enabled now to live on most any thing. Don't get brown bread for me as I have ceased to use it. But when I drop in, I will just eat such things as are convenient.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard from Anna on Saturday, she says that she is learning to take things more philosophically. She says that the Dr. Sill finds some inflammation, she is to remain there until the inflammation entirely subsides. She sends love to you. Thomas was very anxious to go with his teacher \u0026amp; a number of the scholars to the Peaks of Otter; but I felt it was too much responsibility for me to take to let him go. Some of the boys might have guns with them \u0026amp; some accident might occur to him \u0026amp; furthermore I didn't know how much it might cost him; as they would be gone several days. Accordingly he remains at home \u0026amp; I hope that he will make considerable progress in Spanish. In consequence of the irritation of my throat, I have not been hearing him much in the last few days. But he is far enough advanced not to study considerably by himself. I hope to have a fine supply of vegetables for you when you come. You must try \u0026amp; bring some other members of the family with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to the children. Thomas is well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite Sulphur Springs\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 13, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nThe inflammation or irritation of my throat passed down so low as to make me afraid to let Dr. Green treat me \u0026amp; consequently I gave up the idea of going to him so long as it remains so low; it appears to be about the collar bone. But whilst I was unwilling to let the Dr. treat me I concluded that I would visit this place \u0026amp; try to get my liver right; as I was disposed to think that the state of the throat depended on that of the liver. After you left, my liver apparently became much deranged. I reached this place on Thursday last \u0026amp; I feel improved. It appears to me that smoking mullein has been of great benefit to me. I am fearful that I will not be an herbal remedy used for respiratory ailments able to visit you this summer \u0026amp; I feel it greatly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI left Anna at the Rockbridge Baths, her health has not been so good since you left and as the Baths are celebrated for such afflictions as hers I trust that she will be improved by their use. This evening I received a letter from her stating that after bathing she had internal heat \u0026amp; that she was fearful that the bathing was not good for her \u0026amp; that if she found it not to be so that she would return home in a few days. There are about 1000 persons here at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that I may be able to visit you, notwithstanding the present aspect of things, but don't expect me unless you hear of my coming by another letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that your health has improved. Give my love to all. Your affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 27th, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI returned last Tuesday evening from the White Sulphur Springs, and under the blessing of Providence my health had much improved, and if I only had a week more before the commencing of the session I would visit you but I would barely have had time to ride to your house and back, which would not have answered our purpose as my desire is to make a visit. But I hope that in November I will be with you. The first visit that I pay is to be with you. I feel that a disordered liver had probably much to do with my affected throat and if I can only keep the secretions right, I hope that my throat will soon be well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna's health I fear has not improved much locally, though she gained some flesh during her stay at the Baths. Maj. Preston has just returned, and given me an account of you all. I am much gratified that Mr. Arnold invited him to stay with you. I regret that Mr. Arnold's arm continues to trouble him. I trust that you will succeed in securing a competent teacher for the children. Tell them that their aunt \u0026amp; I were wishing this week that we could see them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSulphur water appears to suit my disease better than any other remedy which I have met with, and yesterday evening Anna \u0026amp; myself took a ride to one of these springs about 8 miles from town. I never knew of its existence until within a few weeks. The water is very pleasant yet very weak and I fear not of much benefit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send you by the same mail with this letter one of our catalogues. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 13th, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour last reached me safely and Anna delivered the articles to the servant according to your request. I regret to learn that your health continues so infirm. I am with yourself glad that you visited us last summer with the children, and hope that you may be spared to visit us again, and I hope that at your next visit we may be able to make you more comfortable than you were at your last.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna's health has become such as to render it necessary to send her to a physician \u0026amp; she left last Friday for Hampden Sidney to be under the care of Dr. Watkins.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to your request I send Thomas' account. Look at his book and see if he got anything after the last of June. The account only extends to the end of June and he may have procured things from the store after that time. I had occasion to see Lyell Wilson's account since then \u0026amp; he had me charged with a pass book got by Thomas in the 1st of July. This made me think that he might have got other things elsewhere. But if he didn't get anything else, don't take notice of the book, as it was only a trifle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to Mr. A \u0026amp; to all the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI fear that I will not get to see you in Nov. But my first visit as I said before is to you. May our kind Heavenly Father bless you richly is my constantly repeated prayer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1858\u003cbr\u003e\nEnglish Grammar.50\u003cbr\u003e\nCopy Books .25\u003cbr\u003e\nBlank book \u0026amp; sponge .18 3/4\u003cbr\u003e\nPaper \u0026amp; envelopes .25\u003cbr\u003e\nBox pencil lead, paper \u0026amp; envels. .50\u003cbr\u003e\nFor Fair \u0026amp; Christmas 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\nMiss Howard for two months \u0026amp; 1 week washing 1.68\u003cbr\u003e\nMr. McFarland 17.00\u003cbr\u003e\nMiss L. S. Graham 37.50\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1859\u003cbr\u003e\nOdd Fellows supper .25 Lecture at Chapel .25 57.43\u003cbr\u003e\n[illegible] .25\u003cbr\u003e\nNegro for mending shoe .25\u003cbr\u003e\nVisit Nat. Bridge .50\u003cbr\u003e\nMcFarland 17.00\u003cbr\u003e\nNot included in store accounts 77.36 3/4\u003cbr\u003e\n6 months Board \u0026amp; washing 72.00\u003cbr\u003e\n149.36 3/4\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStore account\u003cbr\u003e\n40.46 3/4\u003cbr\u003e\n189.83 1/2\u003cbr\u003e\nCredits 113.00\u003cbr\u003e\nBalance due 76.83\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 31, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nLast week I mailed a letter to Mr. Arnold requesting him to visit me and [illegible] other inducements told him that we were to have a county agricultural Fair, but didn't mention the day, as I had not yet ascertained it; but it is to be on the 23 of this month. Urge Mr. Arnold to come if you think that he can do so safely; and during his stay, I will try \u0026amp; interest him in our schools \u0026amp; county, and see if he can be induced to locate here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI found that the cadets designed being absent so short a time, that I concluded that I had better postpone my visit to you until next summer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel that we are now greatly blessed with a good teacher for boys, he is the very man I think whom Thomas would do well under. We have a number of good schools for Grace \u0026amp; Stark. There is a gentleman in town who has a boy who has given him \u0026amp; his teacher much trouble \u0026amp; on Saturday he was speaking of Mr. Morgan (who is the teacher to whom I referred for Thomas) \u0026amp; he spoke of him in very high terms for the successful management of his boy \u0026amp; for the progress that his boy is making under his new teacher.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard from Anna on Saturday. She hoped to be at Hampden Sidney today. She feels much improved \u0026amp; is bringing Laura her youngest sister home with her. I hope that they will soon be here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me hear from you soon \u0026amp; tell me  what Mr. A says. I felt it would be more prudent in me not to say anything in my letter about his moving here. I would like to see him first \u0026amp; thus have a better opportunity of judging how he could best be approached successfully on the subject. I desired to write to you two weeks ago but I thought that Mr. A. might suspect something from the frequency of our letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to all, and trust God unreservedly in all things is my sincere prayer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nDec.12th/59\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter stating that you are teaching the children yourself has given me concern and I write this letter for the purpose of saying that you must never hesitate for a single moment about sending the children to me. I stated in my letter to you the conditions upon which I was ready to do for them what I could, because I felt it would prevent any disappointment to you \u0026amp; Mr. Arnold in the event of their coming, and I feel that I can make them comfortable \u0026amp; enable them to acquire a good education \u0026amp; to move in that sphere of life where I desire to see them move. Without a good education they must ever fall short of that position in life which they ought to occupy, and their early education consisting of spelling \u0026amp; reading is of great importance; if either is defective the education must necessarily be defective. But if insuperable objections lie in the way of getting a good teacher or of sending them abroad, don't give yourself anxiety but trust in our most kind \u0026amp; merciful Father who withholds no good thing from his children. I am very thankful to see you bear up under your trials with such Christian fortitude \u0026amp; as long as we lean on His almighty arm all shall be well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI reached home on last Friday night about 3 o'clock in the morning. Anna is an invalid still, but I trust that better health is in store for her. My throat has been troubling me again in consequence of a cold contracted during my military excursion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am thankful to you for engaging the [illegible] but I don't know when I will be able to bring them home. You must give my love to Aunt \u0026amp; Uncle White. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold. Anna joins me in love to the children. Should you see any of Mr. Chenoweth's friends say to them that I saw him today, \u0026amp; that he is well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e...that carpeting is used for stairs instead of oil cloth. In regard to furniture I thought it best to consult you before making the purchases. As the furniture will last a life time it is best to be careful in pleasing ourselves although it may occasion delay. I purchased the oil cloth at once lest it might be sold, it is to be forwarded to Balt. directed to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Va. care of R. L. Heavener \u0026amp; John Gephart, Jr. 320 Balt. St. Balt., M.D. I send the oil cloth as a present. As to the other articles, Rods etc. I can get the rods with concealed fastenings for $2.85 per dozen or I can get common rods with visible band fastenings for $2.20 per doz. The length of the rods is 30 inches but as you haven't the oil cloth you may not want the rods. Let me know \u0026amp; if the length is not right, tell me what length you desire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you can't get all the articles now, you can get the others if you desire at some other time as I can order them at any time by calling Madden's attention to them now. Let me hear from you soon and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[in pencil at top]\nIf you still wish the parlor lamp let me know what kind \u0026amp; what is to be burnt in it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will order the amount of your funds and I may be able to add some but my money matters are behind hand. I have been in debt ever since I purchased my house and have to constantly borrow from the bank in order to get along. Send your money as far as practicable in drafts on N. York for they charge a premium here for drafts \u0026amp; it is not safe to send bills by mail. I prefer paying the premium to running the risk. I also wish that you would write to the person from whom you purchased the draft which you sent me, \u0026amp; get him to procure you another as I have lost that one \u0026amp; when you get the draft send it to me. If I were you I would try to get along without the mattresses if possible and I would then get:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBureau $25, wash stand $10, Tete a Tete1 $18, 4 quartets2 $5, Sofa $5, centre table $9, French bedstead $15. Total exclusive of boxing $87. Should you prefer the sofa instead of [lounge] \u0026amp; Tete a Tete the amount will be $3 less, \u0026amp; if you prefer the wash stand to match the Bureau \u0026amp; I would get it if my means justified, the amount will be $5 more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[in another hand the words \"29 feet eight inches.\"]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to all. Your affec. brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nJany 28th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour last very welcome letter came safe to hand and I am glad that you have succeeded in procuring a teacher and I hope that the children will learn well under his instruction. I am glad to hear of Mr. Arnold's improved health \u0026amp; trust that it may continue to improve. Through the blessing of out Heavenly Father we have been spared from the small pox thus far; \u0026amp; I hope that we may entirely escape it. There are but few cases now amongst the whites; the servants have taken it; though it has not spread much.As soon as a servant takes the disease he is carried to the hospital and they appear to be greatly afraid of the disease in consequence of their being sent to the hospital in case of taking it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Anna's health is improving, but very little throws her back again. I wrote to Aunt Clem a few days since. On my return from Harper's Ferry, I came through Richmond \u0026amp; saw Wm. L. Jackson \u0026amp; his wife, Jonathan [Bennet, Burnet] \u0026amp; his wife and Wm. E. Arnold, Ben Bassett, John Hoffman \u0026amp; other friends. I wish you would write to me when are the given names of Wm. L. Jackson's wife \u0026amp; Bennett's wife \u0026amp; what relation there is between them \u0026amp; us, and give me a letter full of such things; as I am asked from time to time what is the Relationship me \u0026amp; such persons. I think Mr. Arnold knows a good deal about the subject. For example I think he knows what were grandfather's brothers. I remember having a talk with him once on the subject \u0026amp; I found that he appeared better acquainted with such things than myself. Who was Dr. Edward Jackson?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in love to you all. I hope that your health is better than when you last wrote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 25, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece\u003cbr\u003e\nI was much pleased to hear from your Mother's letter that her health and your Father's have been so good and to hear that you have so faithful a teacher; and as you can not always have him, I hope that you will do all you can in order to learn as much as possible whilst he is with you. And first of all I want you to learn to spell well; give particular attention to spelling; for I don't care how much you know about other things, if you don't spell well, you will be laughed at by educated people. I desire to see you have a good education, and the first step towards a good education, after learning the alphabet, is to learn to spell well. If a person commences reading before learning to spell well, he will not be apt to ever learn much more about spelling, because reading is more pleasant than spelling.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen I was young I committed the blunder of learning to read before I had learnt to spell well, and though I am now 36 years old, yet still I am mortified by my spelling words wrong; in writing this letter I have had to look in the Dictionary to see how a word was spelt and so I expect it will be all my life because I didn't give enough attention to my spelling when I was young. As your memory is better now than it may ever be, you can learn to spell more easily than when you become larger. When we are young we can recollect much better than when we are grown up.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI desire to see you an educated and accomplished lady, one that your Father and Mother will be justly proud of. After learning to spell very well then I want you to read histories, and travels and biographies, and such other books as will give you valuable information. I also hope that you will learn your Geography very well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Father and Mother died when I was very young, and I had to work for my living and education both; but your parents are both living and have given you a kind teacher and I trust that you will show them how thankful you are to them by studying hard. If you ever wish any information which I can give, you must ask me. I haven't written to your Mother for some time as I was afraid that I might send you the small pox, but I don't think that there is any danger now, as all are well here or about so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard a student of Washington College make a beautiful speech on last Wednesday and as he is of the same name and county as your teacher, I expect that they are Relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to all of the family \u0026amp; write to me soon. Your affectionate Uncle Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 16, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to write to you for some time, but have been prevented from doing so. I am sorry to learn that your eyes trouble you so much. I wish you would try the simple remedy of washing them with cold water, lifting the water to the face in both hands and washing the face until a little water gets into the eyes and they commence smarting. Do this at night just before going to bed, and again immediately after getting up. I hope that you are improving, and that Mr. Arnold is likewise. Anna is suffering from a very bad cold. She has been confined to her bed for nearly a week, but is up this afternoon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI don't know how Mr. Arnold thinks Wm. L. Jackson would do for a judge, but if he would like to see him elected over Edmondson and can do anything for him I hope that he will do so. I thought that probably there might be some person or persons living near his Father's old place beyond Weston with whom he might have influence; if such is not the case, do not say anything about the subject to him and probably you had better say nothing anyway to him upon the subject. From what I have heard, Wm. will very probably be elected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that the children are all doing well. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 21/60\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI intended writing to you today but as Anna has done so, I will only say a few words \u0026amp; those with respect to Grace.  I have not mentioned the subject of Maj. Preston and I don't think it necessary to consult you upon the subject but if you still desire me to do so, let me know in your next letter and I will give you his opinion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy mind is clear in making Grace familiar with the English grammar as soon as practicable; let her commence it at once.  Let her not only study the principles of the language, but require her to parse a great deal, so as to make her familiar with the application of the principles of the language.  Let all her studies be English until she should become a finished English scholar.  I don't attach much importance to Latin for females, it is of value to every educated person but mostly to professional men.  I am glad that Mr. A. is obtaining Mr. McCuchin.  You may expect another letter from me in a week or so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affect. Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[postscript in hand of Mary Anna Jackson]\u003cbr\u003e\nP. S. Maj. J. requests me to say to you that he will attend to any commissions for furniture in the North that you may wish - as ever your Anna\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 1st/60\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nTell Grace that I have received her letter \u0026amp; that I am glad to see her spelling so good. I will write to her in a few days \u0026amp; will send her the pattern desired. When ever you desire furniture from N.Y. let me know \u0026amp; I can order it from either of two establishments. One of them makes first class furniture, but I think that his prices are too high for you. I purchased nothing of him but ½ dozen parlor chairs. The rest of my furniture omitting piano \u0026amp; a few other articles were furnished by another house \u0026amp; I was very well pleased with the articles; but when I was last in N.Y. I purchased a few more articles of the same house but am not pleased with them so well so I would advise you to order but a few articles at first in the event of your intending to purchase much.\nI am writing in great haste holding the paper in one hand and writing with the other.\u003cbr\u003e\nAnna joins me in love to you all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[from Mary Anna Jackson]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI would gladly send the pattern to Grace, but I think it unnecessary, as I can give you directions without it. The girls of Grace's size here wear black silk tunics made exactly like those Grace wore last summer, except they fasten in front, \u0026amp; the skirt reaches nearly to the knees. They are very pretty, \u0026amp; black silk is all the style now. All the ladies mantles this summer are made of black silk. Some of the girls here wear circular capes or talmas, that reach a little below the waist, they would be pretty for Grace, but it think the black silk tunics are the most fashionable.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite soon. Much love to all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnna Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 7, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter came safely and gives me much pleasure to see how rapidly you progress in spelling. Every word of your letter was spelt correctly and I hope that all your words may always be treated as well those contained in your letter; for it is treating words badly to steal a letter from them, or to impose on them a letter which they don't want. You must look at Stark's letters when he writes them to his sweetheart especially. And to be more serious it would be a good plan for my sweet niece and nephews to examine each others letters when they contain no secrets, and in that way you will be very apt to find out all the counterfeit words which may be passing themselves off on any of you. Remember that there are a great many ways of spelling a word wrong, but there is only one way of spelling it right.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI intended to send you with this letter the pattern which you requested, but your aunt wrote in my last that you have the requested pattern at home. The weather is quite warm today. My peas are in bloom, they commenced blooming before the end of April. I hope that you have a fine garden. Write to me when ever you have leisure time. I am glad to see your teacher remaining with you. Your aunt joins me in love to you all. Your aunt's health is much improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate uncle, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 4th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have not heard from you for so long a time that I am fearful you are sick, and if so you must make the children write to me. I hope though that your health is unusually good.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna is unusually unwell but I trust that she will soon commence improving again. My eyes have improved greatly, through the blessing of Him who withholds no good thing from me, but in some respects my health is more impaired than it has been for some years. If I don't improve, I hope to leave for a Hydropathic establishment soon after our Commencement in July. And my plan is to send a servant with the carriage to meet me at the Depot nearest Beverly. What is the name of the Depot. I want the servant to get to your house a day or two in advance of the time, so that he will be certain to meet me. Anna and I will then return by Beverly  in the carriage \u0026amp; send the servant home by the Rail Road. All this plan may be frustrated, but I am resolved to pay you the first visit which I make, so you may be satisfied that if I don't visit you that my health is such as to render medical treatment necessary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send some early Silesia Lettuce seed which I hope you will sow at once, and after it gets a few leaves on each plant, set the plants in rows so that the plants shall be 8 inches apart, and water them occasionally so as to keep the ground damp. I never was fond of lettuce until I tried this. I regard it as the largest, tenderest and finest flavored that I have ever tasted. If you wish any more seed let me know \u0026amp; I will send it. I am greatly gratified at the election of Wm. L. Jackson. I fear that I have a disease of the kidneys, the disease gives me pain every day. I experience unusual pain whilst riding in a carriage. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 30th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter enclosing the check came safely \u0026amp; relieved my mind from apprehensions of your health being seriously ill. We have closed our examinations and I hope that on Thursday next I will be able to leave. I have some concern about getting from home to Goshen, but I trust that I will not experience much pain as I design going in my carriage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI don't feel so well today as usual, but I have been exercising probably too much as I am at the Institute for the 3rd time. I think that my general health is better than it has been for a year or two at this season of the year, but much exercise appears to bring on increased trouble and pain. If I do not improve greatly between this time \u0026amp; the time that I reach N.Y. I will pass directly through and leave your purchases til my return.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me at Brattleboro Vermont as I design going to a Hydropathic establishment there. If I should not stop as I go through N.Y., I will write to two different establishments there and find out on what terms they will furnish the furniture, so that on my return it will only be necessary to examine the furniture \u0026amp; make the purchases. In your next letter, tell me to whom I must direct your purchases. I expect that it will be cheaper to send them by water to Baltimore \u0026amp; from Balt. by Rail Road. If so it would be necessary to send them to somebody in Balt. as well as to some one at Webster or the stopping Depot on the R.R. Anna don't know of my writing this letter as I am at the Institute, or she might have some special message. Her health is much better than usual \u0026amp; I trust that through the blessing of God she will be restored this summer. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRound Hill Water Cure\u003cbr\u003e\nNorthampton, Mass.\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 21st/60\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but on last Friday week I was very ill with a bilious attack attended with high fever; but as I was with a skillful water cure physician he soon through the blessing of a kind Providence arrested the fever, and on Saturday I was again out doors and am now better than before the attack. I might have written to you last week, had  I not been anticipating a change from Brattleboro to this place, and I feared that your letter might not reach me in the event of having it directed to that place in the event of my leaving there. Today I came here \u0026amp; am much pleased with things so far. I think that Anna's health as well as my own has improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe special object of writing to you at this time is to request you to furnish me with another list of the articles you wish me to get for you \u0026amp;, I wish that you would put them down in the order in which you most desire them, as the amount which you sent (fifty five dollars) will not purchase half of what you named and I am apprehensive that the state of my purse will not allow me to do much for you, though I think that I will be able to do something. I would not trouble you with making out another list, had I not as it appears put those you sent me in such a special safe place of keeping that when I was about to leave home I could not find them myself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI don't think that I will get you anything at auction. I bought our sofa there \u0026amp; it has turned out a great cheat. If you can't give a full list, let me have the dimensions of the oil cloth. I wrote to you by Mr. Chenoweth \u0026amp; I think requested you to tell me to whom I should send the purchases in Baltimore \u0026amp; also at Grafton. Please let me know soon after receiving this and direct your letter to Round Hill Water Cure, Northampton, Massachusetts. I wish you were here with me, it is one of the most beautiful places I have ever seen. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am on the West Side of the Connecticut River so you can find me on the map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRound Hill\u003cbr\u003e\nNorthampton, Mass.\u003cbr\u003e\nAug. 4th/860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter of July 22d reached us at this place. I am glad that our sweet cousins (for such are the Murdochs) are about paying you a visit and I very much desire to meet them, but such gratification can not be indulged in at this time as our physician says that Anna will have to remain here until about the 1st of Oct. if she wishes to be cured. He says that he can thoroughly cure her. He says that he could cure me of all my symptoms of disease in from four to six months and as I am improving, I wish that I could remain here until relived of all my troubles or so long as I continue to improve. He says that I have a slight distortion of the spine, \u0026amp; that it has given rise to some of my uneasy symptoms. There are several ladies here who could not walk when they commenced treatment \u0026amp; are now walking as if perfectly well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna and myself much regret that we must again be denied the pleasure of visiting you as we had hoped to do. But I know that at the right time our Heavenly Father will permit us to see you. I am anxiously looking forward to some opportunity during the coming session. I wrote in my last for you to give me a list of furniture, etc. in the order in which you prefer them, and I would suggest that you had better get a lower priced bedstead than ours. For instance, if a cottage one would answer it could be purchased at about half the price that we gave for ours. But if you could consent to lower the price of the other articles, I think that it would be best; of course you would not get things so serviceable \u0026amp; showy but I think that the increased number of articles for the same money would more than compensate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA cottage bedstead would be rather small; but they are made neatly. I have merely made these suggestions \u0026amp; you must do as you think best \u0026amp; I will do the best I can for you in New York. I will not have the opportunity of stopping by in Philadelphia as my time is so precious. If you prefer the Philadelphia bedstead, I will write to the same person who made ours, \u0026amp; get you one. I send a list of some of our purchases. They were much lower than could have been bought in Lexington.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in love to you all. I wish I could stop in Philadelphia as I might get some things for you and also attend to an important matter. You must give my love to Harriet \u0026amp; the others when they visit you. May you have every needful blessing temporal \u0026amp; spiritual is my habitual prayer.\nYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome Sept. 3rd, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have reached home safely with my health much improved. My physician said that I ought to have remained a month longer \u0026amp; I tried to do so but did not succeed, and I am satisfied with the sweet assurance that all things work together for my good. Anna's health was much improved, yet it was necessary for her to remain longer. I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to Madden's. \tThey are persons from whom I hoped to purchase your furniture, and at Madden's I have been able to get a better bargain than Anna \u0026amp; I got of him. The prices are as follows, center table with marble top $9, French bedstead $14 (width inside 5ft 1 inch), Elegant bureau $25, corresponding wash stand $15. The bureau is under its regular price which is $30. There is another bureau at $23 \u0026amp; corresponding wash stand $10. Wash stands have marble top\u0026amp; back. Sofa inside length 7ft at $25. Another sofa inside length 6ft 8 inches at $20. Nice tete a tete at $18. Shuck mattress to fit bed $6. Shuck and cotton mattress mixed at $9. Lounge opening out or not at $6. Also another kind of lounge opening out or not at $5. Colors of lounges black; green \u0026amp; brown[?]. 4 quartets at $5.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxing of table .75\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Bedstead 2.00\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Bureau 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Wash stand 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Sofa 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" quartets .50\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" lounge 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\nBailing mattresses .75\u003cbr\u003e\nTotal 9.00\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the articles are mahogany, and I like them except the $23 Bureau. I would get the $25 bureau as it is only $2 more and if the elegant wash stand is too expensive I will get him to make you a neat one for $10. I would advise you to get the $20 sofa, but if you prefer you can instead of the sofa get the tete a tate \u0026amp; $5 lounge which will come to $3 more than the sofa. But if you prefer the sofa, you can make a lounge of it by spreading a cloth over it. The tete a tate is handsomer than the lounge though much smaller than our tete a tate. \tI purchased oil cloth for the square \u0026amp; rectangle but didn't succeed in getting any for the stairs as it is not now fashionable for stairs. I got the oil cloth at Stewart's \u0026amp; they told me that they didn't know where any could be had for stairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome Sept. 24th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very welcome letter reached me on Saturday and I was enabled to borrow the necessary money from the Bank, and I forwarded a draft this morning in a letter to Mr. Madden requesting him to purchase the carpet \u0026amp; stair rods and to forward all by the 1st packet to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Virginia, to the care of R. L. Heavener \u0026amp; John Gephart box no. 320 Baltimore Street Baltimore, Maryland. I told him to send the lounge opening out at $6. I also specified green as the color. You did not mention the color in your letter, but I thought that you were pleased with ours. I regard it as very cheap, it is not so showy as ours, but I would much prefer it, as I think it is a serviceable one; whereas ours has proved to be a great cheat' having been bought at a N.Y. auction I might have expected it to turn out badly.  As you request a Bible instead of the oil cloth I conform very willingly to your wishes and the account will then stand\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCentre table 9.\tBoxing table .75\u003cbr\u003e\nBedstead 14. \" Bedstead\t2.00\u003cbr\u003e\nBureau 25 \" Bureau 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\nWash Stand 15 \" Wash Stand\t1.00\u003cbr\u003e\nTate a Tete\t18 \" Sofa 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\nLounge\t6 \" Quartets .50\u003cbr\u003e\nQuartets 5\t\" Lounge 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\n10 yd Carpet 8.25\u003cbr\u003e\nat 62 ½\t6.25\u003cbr\u003e\n18 stair rods 4.28\u003cbr\u003e\nBoxing\t8.25\u003cbr\u003e\n110.78\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn order to get a draft on N.Y. I had to pay one dollar and eleven cents making in all one hundred and eleven dollars and eighty nine cents. Deducting from this the amount you sent me fifty five dollars leaves fifty six dollars and 89 cents adding to this the price of the oil cloth 7.50 makes the total amount sixty four dollars \u0026amp; 39 cents. There are 10 yards of oil cloth at 75 cents per yard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn order to get a new draft from a Bank the person to whom the Bank gave the draft had to inform the Bank that the draft has been lost or mislaid as the case may be and satisfy the Banking officer that he is acting honestly in the matter. If our Bank were to give me a draft \u0026amp; I should lose it all I would have to do would be to go to the cashier of the Bank \u0026amp; tell him that the draft was lost \u0026amp; request him to give me another which he would do and he would then write to the Bank that was to pay the draft \u0026amp; tell it not to pay the first draft. If he thought it necessary. So if the draft sent me was given to Col. Goff ask him to write to the Bank \u0026amp; request another draft stating that the first has been lost or mislaid. If the cashier of the Bank does not know Col. Goff then the Col. had better enclose his letter to some friend in whom the Bank has confidence and let this friend present it to the Bank so that the Bank may be satisfied that all is right. I regret to give you so much trouble.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 1st, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd. your welcome letter this morning. I regret to learn that you have all been ill, but trust that ere this reaches you, all may again be well. If Mr. Preston remains in Beverly much of his time, I would be glad if it could be so arranged so as to board with you, if your health would justify it, and other circumstances would justify it. But I fear that it could not be arranged so. But wherever he may stay when in Beverly you may through the blessing of God derive much aid from him by consulting him freely. He is reserved in his manners, and I think that the best way to treat him, is to be very cordial, and to evince a desire to see much of him, but after all, we must not depend too much on a man; but look up to our Heavenly Father for every needed aid. If we but live near to God, all things shall work together for our good. I regret to hear of Aunt White's blindness. Give my love to her \u0026amp; Uncle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sorry that your furniture was injured even slightly. I expect that the expenses to Webster were not much more than customary. I didn't expect that you would favor the French bedstead as much as ours, but such a one as ours I have never seen in N. York, it is the Philadelphia style \u0026amp; besides it costs more than yours. I like the French and Anna would exchange it with you if practicable and says if you will send her yours she will send you hers. If you had been accustomed to Leery French Bedsteads all your life you would probably think the high ones quite clumsy affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Williams will exchange with Judge Thompson and would be glad if he would do so next term which commences the 12th of next Sept. I hope if he comes that he will bring his wife with him.\n    \nI did not ask Mr. Rieston to take your Bible to you, as he said that he was going on horseback.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in love to you \u0026amp; the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 29th 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAmong the things laid out for this Saturday is the writing of a letter to you. The weather here is such that any one who does not learn at the feet of Jesus would pronounce dismal; as it is penetratingly damp in addition to wet falling snow- bordering on sleet. How different are the views of one who sees God in all things and one who sees Him in nothing. This reminds me of of the Peasant who said that the weather tomorrow will be just such as pleases me, because it will be such as pleases God, and that always pleases me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow do you like Mr. Thomas Preston? What is being done for the Redeemers cause in Beverly? How I would like to be with you! A visit to you is one of the pleasant things in prospect. I hope that you are all well again.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not have too much anxiety about bringing up your children, trust in God assistance, and it will be given. I think of our Sainted Mother and take courage from God's promise I will show mercy unto thousands (of generations) of them that keep me commandments From this passage a parent as will as children may draw great comfort. If a parent but keeps God's commandments, he or she may be well assured that God's mercy will rest upon the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am looking forward with great interest to the 4th of Jany. when the Christian people for assistance, of this land will lift their united prayer as incense to the Throne of God in Supplication for our unhappy country. What is the feeling about Beverly respecting Secession? I am anxious to hear from the native part of my state, I am strong for the Union at present, and if things become no worse, I hope to continue so. I think that the majority in this county are for the Union; but in counties bordering us there is a strong secession feeling. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026amp; the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 23rd, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter reached its destination after Anna had left for North Carolina to visit her parents and be present at her sister Sue's wedding. She left last Monday morning. I heard from her in Richmond. She wrote that Providence had greatly blest her. She went as far as Richmond with a lady from this place. From Richmond she was to go to her destination with her Brother William who was to leave Washington for the purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel very lonesome \u0026amp; greatly wish that I had you as next door neighbor. Today is raining \u0026amp; I stay pretty much in doors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Thomas will spare no pains to get all the education practicable before coming to the Institution. He will thus be enabled to take our course to greater advantage, and will be in a position to graduate higher in his class.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYesterday was celebrated with becoming honor, due to the memory of Washington. I trust that this letter will find you all in usual health at least. My throat is troubling me today. I would be glad to hear from Thomas or from any of the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affect. brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 6th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very kind letter net with a welcome reception and I intended answering it last Saturday, but was prevented. I am very much gratified to learn that Mr. A. has consented to aid the church provided Mr. P remains with you. From Grace's letter I saw that he would remain if a proper salary could be raised. Do what you all can to make up the amount \u0026amp; I will be responsible for the rest. I would rather pay his whole salary than have him leave Beverly at this time. I still hope that Mr. Arnold may become a Christian. I know that the change to effect this must be great, but who will limit the power of the Holy Ghost. You were once a disbeliever, but a mother's prayers have been (as I believe) answered \u0026amp; who can say but that your prayers \u0026amp; the prayers of others may be heard for Mr. Arnold: for years I have been praying for him \u0026amp; expect to continue doing so. how great has been the change in him to agree to aid in preaching the Gospel. Pray on for him \u0026amp; pray for more faith. You speak of your temptations- that you shall be a cast away: don't tolerate such an idea for a moment. God draws his sensible presence from us to try our faith. When a cloud comes between you and the sun do you fear that the sun will never appear again? I am well satisfied that you are a child of God, and that you will be saved in Heaven, therefore ever to dwell with the ransomed of the Lord. So you must not doubt. The Natural Sun may never return to the view of the child of God when once concealed by an intervening cloud but the Sun of Righteousness will. But there is one very essential thing to the child of God who would enjoy the comforts of religion \u0026amp; that is he or she must live in accordance with the law of God- must have no will but his- Knowing the path of duty, must not hesitate for a moment, but at once[?] walk in it. Jesus says my yoke is easy \u0026amp; my burden is light \u0026amp; this is true, if we but follow him in the prompt discharge of every duty, but we mustn't hesitate a moment about doing our[?] duty under all circumstances as soon as it is made known to us \u0026amp; we should always seek by prayer to be taught our duty.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf temptations are presented, you must not think that you are committing sin in consequence of having a sinful thought- The Savior thought a sinful thought of worshipping Satan, what could be more abhorrent to a Christian's feeling than such a thought. But such thoughts become sinful if we derive pleasure from them, we must abhor them if we would prevent our sinning. The Devil inputs sinful ideas into our minds to disrupt our peace \u0026amp; to make us sin \u0026amp; it is our duty to see by prayer \u0026amp; watchfulness that we are not defiled by them.\n    \nGod has done great things; astonishing things for you \u0026amp; your family. Don't doubt his eternal love for you.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 13th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to answer your letter for some time, but have from various causes been prevented. I wish I could see you with me again in Lexington, but as I don't expect to have that pleasure this spring, I hope to see you in Beverly next summer. In regard to those little histories of which you spoke, I will try \u0026amp; get Mr. Thomas to take a couple of them to you as a present. They may keep you reading until you have an opportunity of purchasing yours. Send to Harper \u0026amp; Brother, New York \u0026amp; I think if you will write to them beforehand that they will let you have them a quarter lower that the retail price which was 60 cents. When I purchased mine he let me have them at 45 cents, as I purchased a number of Books and I think he will do the same now. I don't like to ask Mr. Preston to carry anything, as he will probably not be able to take everything which he wants of his own, in consequence of his being on horseback \u0026amp; leaving home for several months \u0026amp; possibly for a year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt will attend to your request. I am sorry to learn that Mr. Chenoweth's health has failed: but hope that he may soon be restored. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had very wet weather here during the present week, but I think that it is probably about over.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt joins me in love to you all. She spoke of writing to day, but as I wanted to answer your letter she consented to postpone hers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must write to me often.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate Uncle\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am gratified to see from your letter that you are so much pleased with Mr. Preston as a preacher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore \u0026amp; Ohio R. R. Telgraph\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy Telegraph\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDated H. Ferry April 30, 1861\u003cbr\u003e\nTo Jas. M. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn ordinance equalizing taxation onproperty throughout the sate of Virginia passed the convention of this twenty seventh inst (27th). Let papers publish.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. Commanding\u003cbr\u003e\nat Harpers Ferry\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharge 25 cts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivision Head Qrts.\u003cbr\u003e\nHarpers Ferry\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 5th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe object of this letter is to request that you will look our for the interests of Massie, McDonald, and Cunnningham, they are all valuable officers. Though I recommended Massie to the Governor soon after my arrival here, yet at that time I didn't know his full worth. He is an invaluable staff officer, and I should greatly regret to lose him. I hope that you may find it consistent with the interest if Public Service to give him a Lieutenant Coloneley of the Inspector Generals Department.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMcDonald and Cunningham both prefer the Corps of Engineers (Regular Service).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully yours.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nMember of Council of State\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Ferry\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 25th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGovernor,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe object of this letter is to state that Mr. W. S. H. Baylor, late Colonel of the Augusta regiment has qualities which would make him a valuable Colonel if an opportunity were offered for their development. During the insubordination at this place, which resulted from depriving the works of their field and general offices, Mr. B. instead of at once going to Richmond to advance his personal interests, remained here until he succeeded in quelling the insubordination in his Regiment, and I was forcibly impressed with the influence which he exerted over his men. He possesses fine qualities for an officer and consequently feels deeply that the other Colonels were reinstated whilst he was only appointed a Major. I am well satisfied from what I know of him personally, that he would as a colonel, be an ornament to the Service.\u003cbr\u003e\nI am Governor, your Obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. Va. Vols.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJany. 2d, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am much obliged to you for the nice lemons you have sent me.\nIssue one day's rations of Hd. Bd. As you suggest.\nI am glad to see that you are so well supplied.\nYou disappointed not only me but the Staff by not dining with us on Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been concerned about your health, as I hear that you do not look so well as usual. I hope that you will take special care of your health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully yours,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\nLt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHear Quarters Valley Dist.\u003cbr\u003e\nUnger's Store Jany. 13, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe enemy have evacuated Romney, leaving part of their stores behind.\u003cbr\u003e\nRespectfully you Obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl. Comd.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl. J. E. Johnston\u003cbr\u003e\nComd. Dept. of N. Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 11th 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Doctor\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very kind and Christian letter respecting my proposed withdrawal from Field Service has been received, and be assured that it met with a cordial reception. My desire to serve our cause is undiminished, but I am in active service not because it is more congenial to my taste, but from a sense of duty. The moment that my services are not required in the field I desire to return to the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter God had restored to us the county of Morgan East of the Big Capon River and the most valuable portion of Hampshire County, and was still driving the enemy from this Military District, the Secretary of War without consulting me upon the subject, sent an order to me stating that he has information, that Genl. Loring's command is in danger of being cut off, and directs me to order him back to Winchester immediately, thus unnecessarily abandoning to the enemy what had been restored to us. If such a policy as that was to be pursued by the Secretary at his desk far removed from the theatre of war, ruin must result to our cause, and I feel called upon to utter my strongest protest against such a ruinous policy, and this I designed doing by offering to resign, rather than be the willful instrument of carrying out a ruinous policy. So far as the secretary may have shown indignity to me personally, that is not a matter to be considered in times like the present. I am satisfied that my course was a good one for our cause, the effect that it may injuriously have in the estimation of men respecting me, is of but little moment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI say it humbly but with the hope that you will live to see that my course has been what it should have been. I am every ready to remain in the field when I can have a prospect of being useful there. Pray that I may be useful.\nI am sincerely your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 18th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral\u003cbr\u003e\nI have received information that there is below Washington another Brigade besides Sickles' and that they are provided with pontoon trains by which they can cross their Art. \u0026amp; other force in about four (4) hours and that they design doing so with the night at three or four different points, and that the first favorable night is the time fixed upon. That the crossing is to be followed by the reoccupation of Fredericksburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 1st Tennessee leaves for Knoxville at dawn tomorrow morning. Would have left this morning, but I thought it best not to move until something could be heard respecting the time when the cars could receive them, as the weather has been very bad, and the troops are comfortable in their present position, \u0026amp; are within a day's march of Strasburg. Tomorrow at 10 o'clock A.M. the 1st Georgia will leave, and the Regiments for Genl Humes will move in time for their R. R. transportation. As there is no evidence of an immediate move on this place, I do not attach much importance to the information respecting the crossing of the Potomac below you, but have felt it my duty to make mention of it. The information is that the crossing is to be at night. The troops for Manassas can leave at any time via Snicker's Gap; as the boats now there will transport 250 Inft. per trip, but unless I receive further instructions from you, I will keep them as you directed until after the Regiments for the Virginia District leave.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully your Obt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinchester, VA.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 18th 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJ. J. Jackson Major Gen. Comdg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReports information concerning enemy's strenght \u0026amp; intended operations on lower Potomac. Departure of the troops of Genl. Loring's command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\n8.40 p.m. March 4/62\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral\u003cbr\u003e\nMy dispatch to Genl. Johnston of yesterday as well as today was important. Please let me now at once whether either of them was captured. I think that we had better send nothing more for the present via Snicker's Gap, but everything via Ashby's. I will keep a lookout for [Miss] Osborn. I will understand the [ ]1. The Yankees are in Smithfield which is about 6 miles west of Charles Town.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully your Obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003cbr\u003e\nBrig Genl. D. H. Hill\u003cbr\u003e\nComd C. S. Forces, Leesburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 7th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nI much regret that there should be an attempt at such foul aspirations against your character as named in your letter, which I received yesterday. On the 21st Inst. my mind was so occupied with the movement of troops during the Battle, that I observed but little of the minutia of individuals beyond what was necessary to see plans carried out. But so favorable was the impression of your conduct on my mind at the time of making out my report, when my memory was more fresh than at present, that I felt it was official duty to speak of you in terms of great praise. At the time of making out my report, I was suffering from my wound, and wrote but a short report, but all that is in it respecting yourself, is such testimony, as a meritorious officer successfully fighting for the Liberty of his country deserves. I see that I forwarded your report to Genl. Johnston and you had better get a copy of mine from him if you need it, as there might be a military impropriety in my sending you a copy. If the General hasn't got mine, request him to direct me to furnish him with a copy, or to furnish you with it either. But if you have any hesitation about making the request of the Genl. let me know, and I will send you a copy of the report so far as it relates to you. I did not retain a copy of your Report.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eToday I will commence in a quiet way gathering up such facts and names as may be of use to you, should there be any occasion for them. Anything I can do, you must depend upon me for as it will be both a duty and pleasure to send you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour daughter, Mrs. [?] and Mrs. Jackson left here in the same stage on last Tuesday. Sandy is recovering from a very severe cold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. Valley District\u003cbr\u003e\nNear Mt. Jackson March 20th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nAs Lt. Col. Grisby was on furlough when I last wrote to you, my second letter has been postponed until his return. I sent for him today, and he states that he probably saw more of you during the Battle, and had more to say to you, than any other officer; and that you behaved as bravely as an officer should, and appears to have been impressed with your coolness and courage, and speaks of your conduct in high terms, and says that with the exception McLachlin d of the time when you went to the rear \u0026amp; hitched your horse, that you were forward with your battery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMcLachlin does not appear to recollect much respecting you during the engagement as he states that his attention was given to his pieces, and that is very natural, I know that I observed but little of individuals except as duty brought me in contact with them. Though he says that you were with the leading piece when the battery went forward on the line of battle, and that his his opinion is that just before the piece went to the rear, you gave direction respecting the firing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould you have Brockenbrough Court Marshaled, I would advise you to have Grisby summoned as a witness. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery Truly your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. Valley Dist.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 16th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. M. K. Langhorne,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour note respecting you brave son has been recd. and I hasten to say that you may rest assured that I will give special attention not only to his exchange when an opportunity offers but also to his unfortunate comrades.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours sincerely,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. V. Dist.\u003cbr\u003e\nBig Spring\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 18th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaj. Genl. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nSupt. Va. Mil. Inst.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you can possibly spare Colonel Williamson for a week or ten days, I hope that you will give him a leave of absence for the purpose of assisting me professionally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General your obdt. servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qts. at Swift Run Gap\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 28, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaj. Genl. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nSupt. V. M. Institute\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have an important movement in contemplation and I regret to trouble you again when the subject of letting Col. Williamson join me for a few days; but if you can possibly do so, I hope that you will let him leave immediately upon the receipt of this, and join me with all possible dispatch. Should he come, let him on reaching Staunton call on Major A. W. Harman for relays of horses in order that he may reach this point or wherever it may be in the shortest time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy prayer is that the proposed undertaking will receive God's blessing for without it I can do nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould you be able to grant my request, you may rest assured that I will not retain the Colonel longer than necessary and should you desire his services at any time before the completion of his work, you have but to notify me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send herewith authority for him to impress horses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General your obedt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHead Quarters May 3rd, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpec. Orders\u003cbr\u003e\nNo. 214\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaj. Gen. F.H. Smith having brought the Corps of Cadets of the Va. Mil. Inst. into the field, Quartermasters, Commissaries, and Ordinance Officers will furnish him all necessary supplies from their respective Departments.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy Order\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Gen. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nA.S. Pendleton\u003cbr\u003e\nA. A. A. G.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNear Harrisonburg\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 19th, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nHon. A. R. Boteler\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nAccording to my promise I notify you that I am going down the Valley. But I can not say that I would advise to come on as my movements mat not be such as would enable you to visit your home. Should you feel at liberty to join me, I hope that you will do so at your earliest convenience.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat is the prospect of having Lt. Cols. J. R. Jones \u0026amp; A. Snead appointed Brig. Generals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery truly your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qtrs. Valley District\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 29, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor Genl. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nSupt. Va. Mil. Institute\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very grateful to you for your cooperation. Please call on the proper Departments at Staunton for transportation and Subsistence. When I get a tent or room to write in you shall hear from me again.\nI am General, your obdt. Serv.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePort Republic\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 6, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have recommended Lt. Col. J. R. Jones late of the 33rd Regt. Va. Vols. For a Brigadier Generalcy. I greatly need his services as such, any thing you can do towards securing his appointment will be valuable service rendered to our cause. You may remember the part he bore in the capture of the arsenal at Apalachicola. To him was entrusted the quelling of the insurrectionary movement in this District last Spring and it was effected greatly to my satisfaction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCol. J. goes to Richmond at my request. My recommendation of him sometime since was without his knowledge, and he is too modest a gentleman to do much in the way of pressing this matter as it affects him personally(?), and I therefore trust that this will do it for him. Please introduce him to Hon. A. R. Boteler, who has already taken steps towards securing the appointment.\nRemember me very kindly to the Governor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery truly your friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGordonsville\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 20th, 1864\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nYours of the 9th instant has been received, but was not handed to me by Mr. [?].  If I see an opening for an army appointment for him, I will try and secure it but I fear that no such appointment will be secured without the recommendation of the Colonel or other officers of a regiment where his services may be desired.  If he can secure such a recommendation it will most certainly secure the appointment.  I am glad that he has come, and I will talk with Major Dabney respecting him, with the hope that the Major may be the means under God of increasing his usefulness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor our prayer accept my warmest thanks, and I trust that you, and all our Christian people will with increased [?] with God implore his blessing upon our cause.  He can give us victory, and crown us with complete success, and He alone can.  My trust is in Him, and in Him along, and unto His name be all the glory for every success and every blessing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my kindest regards to Mrs. White and all the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite Oak Bridge\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 10th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nYours of this date has been received. I send you a copy of the order for falling back. There are no infantry that I am aware of in front of you this morning. If no instructions have reached you, I would, if in your place, move off to your position near Williamsburg road. I expect to leave here this evening about 3 o' clock.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStuart is still in front. I saw Capt. Rufus Barring yesterday. He says that his youngest child if dangerously ill.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 31st, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nMy dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very grateful to you for your prayers to God for the success of the operation which God has entrusted to me. Please continue to pray for me and for the success of the troops entrusted to me. It cheers my heart to think that many of God's people are praying to our very kind Heavenly Father for the success of the army to which I belong. Without God's blessing I look for no success, and for every success my prayer is, that all the glory may be given unto Him to whom it is properly due. If people would but give all the glory to God, and regard his creatures as but unworthy instruments, my heart would rejoice. Alas too frequently the praise is bestowed upon the creature. Whilst we must not forget the superior importance of spiritual victories, yet I trust that you will under God's direction do what you can in securing the prayers of His people for the success of our arms, especially for the success of them which are entrusted to me, an unworthy servant, but who desires to glorify His name even in my present military calling. My trust is in God for success. Praying for a continuation of your usefulness I remain your much attached friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Maggie\u003cbr\u003e\nIn haste I drop you a line in answer to your letter of Oct.3d. I regret not having a position to which propriety Mr. Estill can be assigned. The best opening that I see for him is to secure an appointment as an ordnance officer. There are to be 70 appointed after being examined by a board upon their qualifications. Harry Estill is among the number. It appears to me that his brother Charles ought to pass examination by giving attention to the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am much obliged to you for your kindness. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI deeply sympathize with you all in the death of dear Willie. He was in my first Sabbath school class where I became attached to him when he was a little boy. I had expected to have him as one of my aid de camps but God in his providence has ordered otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Col. Preston \u0026amp; all the family.\u003cbr\u003e\nAffectionately your brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNear Gordonsville\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 7th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am much obliged to you for giving Cadet Morrison a leave of absence. Should you not receive from his father a letter within the prescribed time requesting that his son's resignation be accepted, I respectfully request that you will accept it upon this my application.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General yr obdt servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 am Bristow\u003cbr\u003e\n27 Augt 62\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nPermit me to congratulate you upon the brilliant success with which God has blessed you.  You deserve promotion. The 12 Geo. \u0026amp; 15th Ala. Regt. have been ordered to you this morning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you have commissary stores enough please send 5000 rations to Genl. Ewell at Bristow as soon as you can get transportation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Genl yr obdt servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSharpsburg\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 16th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiss Fairfield,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have received the nice breakfast for which I am indebted to your kindness.  Please accept my grateful appreciation of you hospitality.\nVery sincerely yours,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd Qrs V. Dist Sept. 22nd, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI respectfully recommend that Corporal Jas. P. Smith of the Rockbridge Artillery be appointed Aid de Camp and directed to report to me for duty. As 1st Lt. G. G. Junkin has resigned I desire Mr. Smith to be his successor. He has been acting as A. D. C. since the 20th instant and I respectfully request that his appointment be dated accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General your most obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003cbr\u003e\nHd. Qrs. V. Dist. Oct. 15th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRevoking approval of Maj. Genl. D. H. Hill recommendation of Col. D. K. McBeal for a Brigadier Generalcy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. A. N. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 16th, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nResptly forwarded\u003cbr\u003e\nBy order of Genl. R. E. Lee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClarke County Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 30th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind and Christian letter of the 16th inst, with the accompanying resolution have been received, I write this note to thank you for having so effectually complied with my request, and to ask that your prayers and Christian efforts be continued as before requested, My trust is in God, and it is a great comfort to know that he answers prayer. I am very thankful to our kind Heavenly Father for restoring you to health. I hope that both your sons if not entirely well at present soon will be.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour much attached friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDec. 7th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Genl,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have not yet found the sermon by Bishop Elliott of which mention was made when with you last. But I send herewith another of his sermons which I hope you will after reading forward to some friend in order that it may under God's blessing accomplish much good. The part marked on the 19th \u0026amp; 20th pages comes up to my idea of what is the very reasonable \u0026amp; most important duty and high privilege of our people at this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe sermon was given me by Mrs. Brent of Winchester last winter or early in March and has not been sent out among the troops as all religious matter should.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSincerely your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 8th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl,\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen you last wrote I presume that Mount Mass. \u0026amp; Hop Yard were not picketed for want of time after Genl. E. received the order, but before [now] I expect that the pickets are in position. I wish that you and Genl. E. would arrange the picketing dividing the work between the two divisions proportionally\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have written to Genl. Lee for the purpose of having a [c?] picket at Dickinson's crossing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Genl. Yr. obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor,\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. Crutchfield is very desirous of having a commissary for my reserve Art. The object of this note is to ascertain whether you have one that can be assigned there. Who have you at Milford Depot?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you have no commissary to spare for the purpose, and you know of a suitable person I wish you would recommend him and send the recommendation through these Hd. Qrs. How would Campbell do? What I desire you to do is to recommend the most worthy if one is to be appointed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCan one commissary attend to the duties at Milford Depot and also to seeing that the Arty. wants?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTake care of yourself \u0026amp; when you feel like taking a long ride, come down and see me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully your obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister Isabella,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 15th respecting Genl. Hill was received yesterday. My first step was to try and arrange things so that he would remain with this Army; but after several interviews with him and also with Genl. Lee, I became satisfied that it would be impolite to insist on his remaining. Genl. Lee manifested to great interest in Genl. Hill, and a great desire that he should not resign. He \u0026amp; I took the same view as yourself respecting his feelings after being out of service a while, and we both thought it best that he should be ordered to Richmond where he could be ordered to duty else where \u0026amp; to some position where he could have more comforts than with this company or he given a leave to go home as circumstances might justify. It appears that the War Department took a similar view. The last news received from the Dept. was that his resignation would not be accepted at present but if necessary, a leave of absence granted. I am probably wrong in saying that this Course was determined on by the War Dept. What I should have said, is, that Genl. Lee who has returned from Richmond told me that he had so recommended and I am well satisfied that his recommendation has not been departed from.  Genl. Hill has probably explained to you before this, the causes which induced him to leave here. I tried to remove what I could influence, but was not successfull. For his services the Country owes him a lasting debt of gratitude. My prayer is that he will continue in the service until the war terminates, and that our Heavenly Father will give him success. And that his health and strength will not be so over taxed in the future as it had been in the past.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe subject of his leaving the army gave me great concern. I did not like to take any steps which would be distasteful to him. Though I thought he ought to go to Richmond, yet as he expressed his desire not to leave if a battle was about to take place, and as one might be fought any day. So far as I knew, I felt a hesitancy about doing anything which would separate him from his division in case of an action.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl. Lee proposed that he should take a leave of absence, and return to his division in the Spring, but Genl. Hill did not accept of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough the case has been such as to give anxiety to you, Genl. Lee \u0026amp; myself, I am satisfied that Our God will over rule it for good. For He causes all things to work together for good to them who love Him. If the Genl. is at home when this reaches you, please give my love to him. Joseph, Robert and Maj. Ewing[?] are well. I have not seen Mr. Barrington for nearly two months. Give love to the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorbyn's Farm\u003cbr\u003e\nCaroline Co. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 11th, 1863\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Captain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 5th instant has been received, and your request will receive special attention. I am not sanguine of success, but an available opportunity may occur.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI regret to heat of the continued delicate health of Mrs. B. \u0026amp; child. Joseph Morrison has gone home to see his mother who is seriously ill. Capt. Avery had also gone on leave of absence of 25 days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl. Hill has been assigned to duty in N.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Irwin \u0026amp; Sis with their children were at Cottage Home at last account. I hope that they will be there when Anna \u0026amp; Paul arrive there.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould you come near me. I hope that you will not pass by without calling.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery truly yours,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Genl. Stuart has arrived since the foregoing and he desires getting you appointed on His Military Court of which he has the promise. Say nothing about this, as the court is not yet secured.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A. N. V.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 23d, 1863\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have learned officially this evening, that Mr. Col. Wm. R. Cox 2d N.C. Regt. \u0026amp; Judge Advocate of the General Court Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones is absent and will not return until the 2d of April. Under these circumstances I would respectfully recommend that Col. D.B. Penn of the 7th Louisiana Regt. be appointed Judge Advocate of the Court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe accompanying papers were returned to me today by Col. W. P. Bynum of the 2d N. C. I. One of the envelopes was opened by him under the impression that the package concerned his Regt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Genl. your obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Gen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Genl.\u003cbr\u003e\nHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A.N.V.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 23, 1863\u003cbr\u003e\nRecommending that Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNear Fredericksburg, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 15th, 1863\u003cbr\u003e\nMessrs. Mitchell \u0026amp; Tyler\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGentlemen,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour note of the 11th instant informing me that you have not only repaired my watch but also replaced the indistinct gold dial by a white one, gratuitously has been received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe object of this note is to thank you for your kindness, and to say that not only is the watch thoroughly repaired; but that I regard its usefulness materially enhanced by the new dial.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am gentlemen,\u003cbr\u003e\n[Signature missing/cut out from letter at unknown date]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7.45 A. M.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour dispatch of 6. A. m. has been recd. I have sent a scouting party down the road you are on for the purpose of communicating with you.  The party has taken 2 prisoners who report back of a regt. In rifle [?] in the wood.  I have ordered a force to the wood for the purpose of clearing it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor,\u003cbr\u003e\nPlease forward the above by telegraph.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to get you a Colonelcy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours truly\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["...Be not discouraged by disappointments \u0026 difficulties but on the contrary let each stimulate you to greater exertions for attaining noble ends \u0026 an approving conscience at least will be your reward. Please write to me soon. My health is as good as usual. During my furlough I was made an officer consequently my duties are lighter than usual. You may rest assured of my ....(section of letter missing)","....what I have formerly... \nfriend \u0026 brother \nThos. Jackson","...difficulty in obtaining them from the post office on account of another cadet's name being Thomas. R. Jackson.","I am at present living in a room by myself my room mate having resigned in consequence of his father's ill health. The weather has been extremely cold \u0026 stormy here for the last few days though at present it is moderating. My studies for the approaching June examination will include Optics Mechanics Astronomy Magnetism \u0026 Chemistry together with drawing. I expect to commence taking exercises in riding in a day or two. At the examination last I rose in each of department of my studies.","A few days since I was called upon to pay the last token of my respect to a friend \u0026 fellow classmate in whom were combined both shining talents \u0026 the characteristics of a gentleman. His death was much lamented by his class mates who a few days subsequent to his death assembled \u0026 appointed a committee to attend to the erection of a monument to his memory. My health is at present as good as usual \u0026 I remain your well wishing brother \nT.J. Jackson","U.S.M.A. Aug 2nd 1845 \nDear Sister \nActuated by a sense of duty I proceed to writing you a few lines hoping that they may find you enjoying the blessings of health and prosperity generally which I have some reason to expect.","You may infer that I am well and enjoying myself very well considering that I am deprived of the blessings of a home the society of the friends of my child-hood the cordial welcome of relatives and above all the presence of an only sister. Times are now far different from what they once were. Once I was in my native state at my adopted home none to give there mandates none for me to obey but as I chose surrounded by my playmates and natives all apparently eager to promote my happiness. But those were the days of my youth they have fled never again to return. They have been succeeded by days of quite a different aspect they have brought forth manhood with all its cares.","I have before me two courses either of which I may chose in case that I am blessed with health and long life they are widely different in their natures and consequences. The first I may say would be to follow the profession of arms the second that of a civil pursuit as law. If I should adopt the first I could live independently \u0026 surrounded by friends whom I have all ready made have no fear of want, my pay would be be fixed. The principal thing I would have to attend to would be futurity. If I adopt the latter I presume that I would still find plenty of friends but my exertions would have to be great in order to acquire a name. This course is most congenial to my taste and consequently I expect to adopt it after spending a few years in pursuing the former.","I have forgotten the contents of my former letter consequently I will mention my standing as it exists at present . In Drawing it is 59th, in Chemistry 25th, in general standing 20th, in Philosophy 11th, in conduct 1st. There are 60 members in my class at present nineteen above me and forty below me.","I propose on coming to see my friends and yourself in July next.","A member of the Corps was drowned a few days since his body was recovered about 5 days subsequent to the fatal stroke and interred with the honors of war. I had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He was a youth of promise stood high in his class and bid fair for long life. The news must have inflicted a sore wound on the hearts of his parents for he certainly was a favorite child. The corps is at present in mourning for him.There have been a number of distinguished men on the point for some time back among whom was Major General Scott. Many visitors favour us with calls among them are a number of ladies but they are not so fair as the daughters of western Virginia.","Write to me frequently as your brother \nT.J. Jackson","West Point U.S.M.A. Nov. 25th 1845 \nDear Sister \nIt has been but a few moments since I had the pleasure of receiving your affectionate \u0026 sister like letter with it came the blended feelings of satisfaction sorrow and remorse. Satisfaction to think that I still have an existence in the heart of an amiable and admired sister. Sorrow because of your delicate health. Remorse for the misfortunes of an uncle who has been to me a true friend.","As to your health it is my sincere wish that you may again recover it and of which I continue to live in hopes. My constitution as well as your own has received a severe shock but I believe is gradually recovering from its debilitated state. My exercises this year with the broad sword as well as the small are well calculated to strengthen the chest \u0026 expand the muscles so that I have some reason to believe that they will have the desired effects of restoring me to perfect health. And I hope that the same kind providence which has preserved us as the remnant of a family up to the present period will again favor us with an interview although in its wisdom it has marked out for us (at least for a period) widely different spheres of action and different places of abode. But I look forward with no small degree of satisfaction to the period when my circumstances will allow me to settle down near you \u0026 among my relatives in order to share with yourselves the ineffable pleasures of domestic circles. For your kind advice, and well wishes, you have my hearty thanks.","Since my last letter I have been transferred to the first section in Ethics \u0026 I think that I have probably a mark in it which will place me among the first five in my class in this science \u0026 which I consider as preferable to any other in the course.","There is a young gentleman here by the name of Withers who is from the south he has told me that his father was formerly of Virginia \u0026 that he has relatives still living there \u0026 that one of them who is a doctor visited his father two or three years since.This youth is an associate of mine \u0026 I would be glad to know whether or no he is a relative of mine which I could do probably if I knew the given name of doctor Withers of Fauquier who I know visited the south sometime previous to my coming here. If you recollect the time of his passing through Weston as well as his name I would be glad if you would insert them in your next provided it will be convenient to you though I do not wish you to put yourself to the least trouble on that account as I can obtain them otherwise.","It is probable that you think hard of me because of my not writing more frequent. But I hope that the strict requirements of many duties as well as want of information \u0026 [_____] will prove a partial if not a complete excuse. Give my respects to Mr. Arnold \u0026 rest assured of my immutable attachment.","...is a little excitement owing to the proximity of Furlough \u0026 graduation.","I have been expecting a letter from you in answer to my last but not knowing what might have occurred I have deemed it best to attempt another hoping that it will meet with better success than the former. [Futile?] may be the effort and feeble it must be [missing word or words] -ation that I but seldom turn my atten[tion] [missing word or words] elegance of [missing]. I hope that you will [missing] it to pass unnoticed. Thought it be divested of ev[ery] artificial merit yet it [be possessed of] a natural....","Rumor appears to indicated a rupture between our government \u0026 that of the Mexican. If such should be the case the probability is that I will be ordered to join the army of occupation immediately \u0026 if so I will hardly see home until after my return \u0026 the next letter that you will receive from me may be dated Texas or Mexico. But be the decre[e?] [missing] all knowing God as they may I hope that [missing] [s]hall ever continue to love you with a [missing]..... \nT. J. Jackson","On Board the James L. Day \nSeptember 22d 1846","Dear Uncle \nI have often thought of writing to you but have deferred it until the present which is the latest news which I will be able of give you previous to leaving the United States. I found after arriving at Fort Columbus that Capt Taylor had left that post from that place. I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where he had taken up his quarters. Leaving there about ten days afterward, I traveled by land about 410 miles to Pittsburgh at which place I embarked on board the steam boat Suatara which conveyed me to Cincinnati. From that city I came to New Orleans on board the steamer Hendrik Hudson. I have just left New Orleans Barracks and am now being transported to Point Isabell which I expect to reach in about 2 or 3 days. I am at present with Captain Taylor (who is a Virginian and a very fine man) 27 men and 84 horses. The principal part of the company is in Mexico at present. I belong to a company of light Artillery which is frequently called flying artillery. In an action if all the officers of the company should be well I will have to carry dispatches being unfortunately too low to have a command. It is possible that before this time General Taylor has had another battle. If he has not already had one it is thought by men of experience that he will have before entering Monterey.","I sent uncle a few days since tell him if it is not there it to Clarksburg and tell (the merchant) that I wish him to give for it. It will be more to him than. (Note: the sentence contains several words that have been blacked out with ink, thus making the full meaning difficult to determine)","The weather here is more pleasant than it was in the north before I left there. The city of New Orleans is very healthy and there is no yellow fever in it at present. I am enjoying comparatively good health at present and I do not believe that I have the liver complaint but am under the impression that the disease is neuralgic.","Give my respects to my friends including your family of course and write to me as soon as you [can] ascertain where to direct your letter.","T. J. Jackson \nP.S. I have arrived in sight of Point Isabel Texas and am now at anchor in a strong gale. The news came aboard yesterday that General Taylor would be ready for a battle on yesterday. The intelligence was by letter from Col. Whiting. I expect soon to start up the Rio Grande by steam for the purpose of joining the main body of the army as soon as possible.","TJJ","Point Isabel Texas \nSept 25th/46","Dear Sister: \nI arrived in this port last evening and purposed on writing to you before closing my eyes in sleep but I was prevented from executing my purpose by the impossibility of procuring an idle pen. I have availed myself of this opportunity of writing in particular as it may be the last favorable one for days to come as in this country letters are generally transmitted from one person to another through the kindness of a third person or the quartermasters. How I shall be able to get this to New Orleans I can not say but it must be through one of these channels. There are at present about one hundred vessels in port, some of which I presume will soon sail for New Orleans.","It is useless for me to attempt to give a detailed account or narrative of occurrences since I last parted with you but suffice it to say that I arrived home on the following Monday and on the succeeding Wednesday received orders to report without delay to Capt. Francis Taylor and the following day in compliance with my orders bid farewell to my uncle's family and proceeded to Fort Columbus but on arriving there ascertained that he had left. On receiving this information I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where I found him. From that post in connection with Capt. Taylor thirty men and forty horses I took up march for this place. After traveling upwards of 400 miles by land we reached Pittsburgh where we took water and have finally arrived here after a March of about 36 days.","Whilst I was in Clarksburg I learned that Mr. McWilliams was still in your house and unable to pay rent for it and I was advised to consult Burtin Despard. He told me that the house could be cleared of its occupants in a short time but that it might cost about fifteen dollars to effect it and if Mr. Arnold should desire him that he would attend to it. And if I had to employ any one he should have the preference in as much as he would in my opinion effect it in a shorter time than any other attorney in Clarksburg. The lot which you were speaking of purchasing he told me that in his opinion you could not get a good title for it if you should purchase it because it is already covered by three deeds of trust. Any further information upon the subject can be obtained by applying to Mr. Despard.","I have not yet landed but an officer of the Quartermasters Department has been aboard and stated that General Taylor had observed that he would be ready for another battle by yesterday. This news came by letter from Col. Whiting. Whether the Battle came off or not I can not say.","I belong to K company 1st Artillery which to use the common phrase is a flying company of Artillery. I could say much more but I am writing in a strong gale of wind and where things are all confusion. I am in hopes of starting up the Rio Grande tomorrow and on reaching General Taylor as soon as possible. I wish you to write to me soon directing your letter to Lieut T.J. Jackson, Comp K, 1st Artillery, Army of Occupation Mexico. It may reach me but not with certainty. My health is better than it has been for some time. Give my respects to the good people of Beverly they still occupy a high place in my esteem especially your amiable husband whose kindness as well as yours has been indelibly written on my heart and memory.","T.J. Jackson","Dear Sister \nI now send you the long delayed letter and hope that you will pardon my procrastination since I last wrote to you. I have been at Matamoras Camargo Monterey and Saltillo and the intermediate towns. At present I can not conveniently give you a general idea of the portions of Mexico which have fallen under my observation but hope to do so at some future day when things are more settled than at present and I also purpose on writing to you more frequently.","It would have [afforded] me much pleasure to have been with the gallant and victorious General Taylor at the battle of Buena Vista in which he has acquired laurels as imperishable as he history which shall record the invasion of Mexico by our victorious armies. But I was ordered away from Saltillo in January last and I believe for the best inasmuch as I am now with the most important portion of the army and on the most important line of operations.","I am now encamped on the road leading from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico. Our troops landed about two miles from the former city on the ninth inst and on the same night were fired on by the Mexicans. On the following day we commenced surrounding the city and operating against it. The operations after the [investment] was completed consisted principally in bombarding and cannonading which were continued until not only the city but the castle of San Juan Dulloa agreed to surrender. The capitulation occurred yesterday. The terms are that all the public property falls into our hands, the troops march out under the condition of not serving against us during the present war unless exchanged. The troops marched out yesterday and surrendered their arms and we took possession immediately. This capitulation has thrown into our hands the strong hold of this republic and being a regular [siege] in connection with other circumstances must in my opinion excel any military operations known in the history of our country. I approve of all except allowing the enemy to retire that I can not approve of in as much as we had them secure and could have taken them prisoners of war unconditionally.","Our loss is not accurately known nor that of the enemy either yet but in my estimation ours can not exceed twenty men in killed, we lost only two captains (Capt Vinton of the artillery and Capt Alburtis of the infantry). I have been in the city and was much surprised at its strength. It is surrounded on the land side by a wall about 10 feet high and a series of forts and on the other side is protected by the castle.","You asked me whether I belonged to General Worth's division. I had the honor of being in it so long as it existed but it has been broken up during the past siege. I was part of the time with him and part of the time with General Twigs. Whilst I was at the advanced batteries a cannon ball came in about five steps of me. I presume that you think my name ought to appear in the papers but when you come to consider the composition of our army you will entertain different views. Its composition is such that those who have independent commands only are as a general rule spoken of for instance Ridgely May [Bra--] Duncan Ringold Smith all commanded companies. If an officer wishes to distinguish himself he must remain long in service until he obtains rank then he obtains the praise not only for his efforts but for the efforts of the officers and men under him. That portion of praise which may be due to me must of course go to those above me or be included in the praise given to the army.","My health is extremely good. I probably look better than I have for years. I expect to remain in Mexico for the remainder of the war and expect to move forward with the leading Brigade. I expect to be promoted in a short time to a second lieutenancy. This will probably occasion me to leave the light battery but it will give me more rank which is of the greatest importance in the army.","Remember me in the warmest terms to Mr. Arnold and all my other friends. I rejoice at your prosperity and hope and doubt not that it will continue. I hope soon to march forward towards the city of Mexico. Vera Cruz continues healthy. I intend writing soon and more frequently as my feelings incline me to and as a brother ought. Your last letters coming in such quick succession served as a just rebuke but my means for writing are poor. Even now I am using a box for a chair and my camp bedstead as a writing desk and think myself comfortably situated. You have all the conveniences necessary and I hope that you will use them to write often to one who esteems you above all.","Camp near Vera Cruz Mexico \nMarch 30th 1847","Sir: \nHaving in compliance with written instructions from Capt Francis Taylor 1st Arty performed the duties of QrMaster from the 14th of August 1846 to include the 22d of the same month and from the 16th of Oct to include the 28th of November of the same year. The above duty was performed whilst on march from Fort Hamilton NY to Monterey Mexico and I have the honor to request that I may be allowed the usual compensation for the same. \nVery respectfully","Your Obt Servt \nT. J. Jackson \nLt 1st Arty","Jalapa Mexico \nApril 22d 1847","Dear Sister \nI promised in my last that I would give you a more detailed account of Mexico in a subsequent letter. I will now endeavor to comply with that promise. In doing so I will first state in general terms that the portion of Northern Mexico which has fallen under my observation is mostly a vast barren waste cities excepted. There are but two seasons in Mexico wet \u0026 dry. In consequence of the drought there is but little vegetation in the north. A person in traveling through this sterile portion of country would not suppose that the country inhabitants were able to pay their taxes. But in the cities it is different. There wealth is frequently found one person residing in Saltillo is said to own a larger area of land than the state of New York.","But passing to the south the aspect of things change. You frequently {see} elegant buildings in the country. Genl Santa Anna owns between this place \u0026 Vera Cruz 5 beautiful houses and a tract of land about fifty five miles in length. The country in the south is very similar to our own. Whilst I was in Monterey my quarters were in the outskirts of the city having a large back lot attached which contained beautiful orange orchard. Also in this lot was a fine bathing establishment the dimensions being about 25 by 30 ft. Monterey is the most beautiful city which I have seen in the North of this distracted country.","About 50 miles farther west is Saltillo the capital of Coahuila. Its [height] is about 2000 feet above the level of Monterey on an inclined plane at the edge of the table lands. The houses are generally built of sun dried brick as are most of the houses in that region. The church is the most highly ornamented on the interior of any edifice which has ever come under my observation. On entering this magnificent structure we are struck with the gaudy appearance on every side but most especially the opposite end which appears to be gilded with gold. At the bottom is a magnificent silver altar and on each side are statues which can not fail to attract the attention of the astonished beholder. The music is of the highest character. The priests are robed in the most gaudy of apparel. The inhabitants take off their hats on approaching the church and do not replace them until past it. One day whilst I was near the building I observed a señora (lady) gradually approaching the door on another occasion I saw a female looking at a statue and weeping like a child. Such is the superstition of this race.","After obtaining a [limited] transportation for General Twigg's division it set forward for Jalapa on the road leading to the city of Mexico. But on arriving near Cerro Gordo we learned that General Santa Anna held the pass in force consequently we waited for reinforcements which finally arrived and on the 17nst we attacked the Mexicans but did not succeed in routing them completely until the 18th when we took some thousand prisoners and completely routed the remainder. We followed close on the retreating column until night and came near enough to give the retreating enemy a few shots from the battery. But they succeeded in effecting their escape for want of our dragoons. General Scott after disarming the prisoners allowed them to retire the officers on [parole]. But General La Vega who is again our prisoner refused to except of his and I presume that he will be sent back to the U.S. Our loss has been considerable but not known neither is the Mexican. General Santa Anna escaped but in his haste left us his carriage \u0026 together with some thousand dollars in specie.","General Twiggs' division has fought the battle. General Worth has again got a division but he did not get it into action owing to its being used as a reserve and General Twiggs' as the advance. Capt Taylor in his report to General Twiggs has spoken of me in very flattering terms. I am now in Jalapa which is situated about 60 miles from Vera Cruz and 195 from the city of Mexico. General Worth is now in advance and if there is any fighting at Perote he will be apt to distinguish himself. He will probably be in the vicinity of Perote tomorrow at farthest and possibly today. It is rumored here that the Mexicans are fortifying their capital if so then we may have the grand battle there. A Mexican officer came here last evening from the city of Mexico and stated that his father had written to him from San [Louis] stating that General Taylor was there \u0026 had met with no opposition.","I can say no more as I have just learned that the escort by which I wish to send this has started because I must mount my horse \u0026 over take it or miss a good opportunity. I am in better health than usual.","Jalapa, May 25th, 1847","Lovely Sister \nI have the mortification of being left to garrison the town of Jalapa. Capt Taylor used his influence to keep me with him in which event I should have gone forward. But [Col. Childs] who was made military governor of this place got General Scott to issue an order requiring me to join my company which was under the command of the governor. Not withstanding my present situation I have some hope of getting forward by-and-by when more troops get in from the states. But all this is with General Scott. I throw myself into the hands of an all wise God and hope that it may yet be for the better. It may have been one of [His] means of diminishing my excessive ambition and after having accomplished his purpose whatever it may be he then in his infinite wisdom may gratify my desire.","The army was to move at the time which I mentioned but General Scott concluded to disband the volunteers as their time had nearly expired and this so much diminished our force that we delayed the advance until a couple of days since. General Scott left on Sunday with an escort following in the wake of his troops. General Worth has been in Puebla for about 10 days. Santa Anna marched from Orezaba and commenced fortifying about half way between the cities of Puebla and Mexico but owing to some [cause] he relinquished it and marched into the capital left the army and is now in the presidential chair. As to his motives I cannot say anything further. But I suppose that he thinks that his influence will be more powerful there than elsewhere. The people here think him an infamous man. An election was held on the 15th for president and Herera was the successful candidate but will not take his seat for a few months yet.","I am in fine quarters and making rapid progress in the Spanish language and have an idea of making some female acquaintances shortly. I see many things here of interest by the way of ornament and fruits and wish that I only had an opportunity of sending some to you and Thomas. I well know that he would like to have a ranchero (Mexican) on horse back followed by some large dogs. I would be much pleased to hear from Wirt poor fellow?","Give my respects to your estimable husband. I want to hear whether the reports about Uncles Cummins \u0026 Edward are true. I think of you often and my heart more than once upbraided me for my neglect to you. But I feared to inform you of things as they were in this unholy land. Your Brother always.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico \nFeby 28th 1848","Dearest Sister \nThe mail came on the 26th and in vain I searched the post office thrice for a line from you and consequently sorrowfully commenced my letter to you but on leaving my desk for a few hours on business was agreeably surprised on my return to find your letter mysteriously placed on my table. And now whilst I recommence with joy inexpressible for tongue or pen at hearing of your life still being prolonged I am also most deeply affected with heartfelt sorrow at the words which say \"I may not live to receive your answer.\" But I hope that these words imply nothing beyond what they literally state. To God this is the earnest prayer of your brother. But if he in his great wisdom has afflicted you with disease incurable then may he in his infinite goodness receive you into his heavenly abode where though I should be deprived of you here in this world of care yet I should hope to meet with you in a land where care and sorrow are unknown there with a mother a brother a sister yourself and I hope a father to live in a state of felicity uncontaminated by mortality.","Let not this letter trouble you dearest sister for I could not write one of a different cast with a clear conscience when you speak to me so ominously. But do not be [deterred] by any cause from saying to me plainly that I am sick or that I am well for ambiguity in relation to you is very painful to me.","You appear to think hard of my not writing more frequently but I have not only written by every mail but on one occasion sent by a Spanish friend in [five]. I have embraced every opportunity to say to you that I am in such or such a state of health. But for the future the intention is to send the mail by escorts twice a month on the first and fifteenth so that you may expect to hear from me by every mail until I am ordered from this city which may and which may not be at all as I am in General Smith's brigade and he is governor of the city. I am first Lieutenant and belong to Capt. Taylor's Battery. I hope the war may soon terminate but do not entertain much hope although the terms of a treaty have been sent to Washington and at present an armistice is being made or has been concluded but as yet is not public. Santa Anna has asked of his government a passport for the purpose of leaving the country and it was granted to him on the 13th inst. But it is doubtful whether he will go as several of the states have expressed themselves favorably to him and [------------] has offered him an asylum.","If we both live I expect to see you. Do not allow my words about marrying in Mexico to disturb you. I have sometimes thought of staying here and again of going home. I have no tie in this country equal to you. You speak of my fine horse as in your opinion being rather extravagant but if an officer wishes to appear best he should appear well in everything. I bought the horse having plenty of money and need of [ ] and have since been offered three hundred and fifty dollars for him, that is a hundred and seventy more than I gave and can at any time get more than I gave. My pay whilst with Capt. Magruder was one hundred and four dollars per month and I expect it will soon be the same here but at present it is only about ninety so that I have plenty of money and am in the long run economical although it would not appear to you so as here everything is dear and with you cheap. I dress as a gentleman should who wishes to be received as such. I do not gamble nor spend my money as I think foolishly.","I am very desirous of peace as it may be better for the United States \u0026 it may give me an opportunity of again entering your hospitable house \u0026 having that sight most delightful of all other earthly ones that is of my sister. My health I think is improving in this country and at all events my knowledge of Spanish is. As I shall have a better idea when the mail will start hereafter I shall try and send you more interesting letters. Remember me to Mr. Arnold \u0026 friends in the warmest terms. Your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. March 23, 1848.","Dear Sister \nI have written a letter to Mr. Arnold and requested to be remembered to you in it but since finishing it I have concluded to send you one also. I received your letter of January 14th but the paper from Mr. Arnold did not come to hand but still I am as much obliged to him as though it had and trust that he will send others as they may have better success.","I thought at one time of writing a journal but I can not find the time as although I am usually up at six o'clock and retire to bed at ten and eleven still the day is not long enough. The morning hours I occupy in studies \u0026 business and the evening in a similar manner but generally taking a walk after dinner and sometimes a ride on the Passeo or elsewhere in the evening. The Passeo is a wide road on the south west of the city and about a half of a mile in length with a beautiful fountain in the center and is a place of fashionable resort. Families of wealth appear there in the carriages at sunset partly if not entirely for show. There is also a place of morning resort between the city and the Passeo called the Almeda which is a beautiful grove of about four hundred by six hundred yards and containing I think eight fountains. At the central one is celebrated the anniversary of Mexican independence and from this which is the largest beautiful walks diverge to the different outlets (the grove being surrounded by a wall). I purpose on riding to both these places this evening hoping to see something there more attractive than at home. When not on duty I generally pay a visit after supper or tea. Among those families which I visit are some of the first in the republic as Don Lucas Aleman Martinez del Rio and I also have the acquaintance of others of some distinction.","My studies are now principally directed to the formation of my manners and the rules of society and a more thorough knowledge of human nature and the latter I perceive from your letter meets with your approbation and I doubt not but that the former two objects will also as they are very important to a man's success in life. You will pardon me for the mistake I have made in turning the leaves of this sheet. But returning to my subject this country offers me greater advantages for acquiring graces than I will probably ever meet with again unless I should visit Europe. The book which I am studying is Lord Chesterfield's letters to his son translated into Spanish so that whilst I am obtaining his thoughts I am also acquiring a knowledge of the Spanish tongue. I have also purchased the work in English and after having read it in Spanish I then purpose on reading it in English. Subsequent to this I shall study Shakespeare's works which I purchased a few days since and then if I can obtain good histories I wish to devote some time to them.","If Uncle Cummins \u0026 Edward should leave Lewis I wish you would get Uncle Edward to box up my books which are in his possession and send them to you. I hope that you will try and write me a letter once a week. I should write more frequently to you if an opportunity offered of sending letters more than twice a month. Owing to my knowledge of the language of the country and the acquaintances which I have made I think that I pass my time more agreeably than the greater portion of the officers of the Army, but if your company could also be had I would spend my hours still more agreeably. My love to all enquiring friends. My health is as good if not better than usual. General Scott's case has been investigated. The charges against Col. Duncan were withdrawn. Also General Worth withdrew his against General Scott. General Pillow's case is now being investigated.","National Palace Mexico. April 10, 1848","Dear Sister \nAs three successive mails have arrived, without bringing a single letter from you, I am (and I think not without reason) uneasy about your health. As I do not know of any other reason but bad health which could have prevented your writing to a brother who is interested in everything that interests you. And I hope that if you have any regard for my peace of mind that you will write at least once every fortnight. If your health forbids your writing at any time, then get someone to write for you, if it should be but a dozen lines. I do not think that a regular mail has left this city, without carrying a letter for you from me.","The treaty has arrived from Washington, with its amendments. Many think that it will receive the ratification of this government. But some think that it will not. For my own part I hope it will. Mr. Sevier I presume will be here in a few days. At last dates from Queretaro there were wanting fifteen congressmen, and three senators to complete the quorum. We have received news here of a battle at [Chiguagua], in which we took fourteen pieces of artillery from the enemy. I am at present studying Humboldt's history of Mexico, in Spanish. The rain is quite abundant here at present and interferes somewhat with my evening visits. It is believed that our presence here is destroying the extreme superstition of this country. But not withstanding the influence of our presence, the natives still with uncovered heads drop on their knees, at the approach of the Archbishop's carriage; which is recognized by its being drawn by two spotted mules.","General Pillow's trial is not yet finished and the general opinion is that it will be terminated in the United States. We are told here that our people at home, think that the army do not wish to return from Mexico, but if such is the truth they are much mistaken. An expedition started a few days since, for [Popocatepitl] which is a volcanic mountain to the S.E. of and in full view of this city, and which still issues clouds of smoke at times. I should probably have gone my self, but as the temperature is so extremely low, resulting from the crest being capped with snow, I feared that my health might suffer.","In conformity with the armistice, the Mexicans have taken possession of their archives, and have resumed the civil administration of their government. Santa Anna at last news, was at his hacienda near Jalapa (Encerro) again bidding adieu to his country. Whilst at his hacienda he received the visits of Colonel Hews, and several other American officers. General Valencia died a few days since in this city, the news of which proved fatal to his daughter, who died a few hours subsequent to its reception. I have heard of no other who mourned his fate. The general hospital is ordered to be moved to Jalapa, and General Patterson I believe will go down at the same time, to take command of the station. This movement appears to indicate an anticipation of leaving the country.","Remember me to Mr. Arnold, Thomas and other friends.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. May 20th 1848","Sir \nThe Secretary of War having informed me by letter of the 20th of April ult. that I have been appointed by the President Assistant Commissary of Subsistence I have the honor to notify you for the information of the war department that I have accepted the appointment.","I am sir very respectfully your obdt. servt.","T.J. Jackson \n1st Lt. 1st Arty Genl. R. Jones \nAdjt. Genl.","Governors Island \nAug 26th 1848","Dear Sister \nFinally I have arrived at this station which is in sight of the city of New York. I have had some hopes of visiting you this fall but I have not been able to arrange my affairs here for that purpose and consequently I can not say when I will be able to visit those of whom I so frequently think and so much desire to be with. I presume that I could get home this winter by making sacrifices which I ought not to make, for instance if I should leave some other officer might be attached during my absence who would rank me in case of his remaining with the company after my return. I do not believe that Capt. Taylor would give his sanction to any officers coming to the company who would rank me, so long as I remain with the company or so long as there are officers enough with it, but my absence might reduce the number of officers so much as to render another officer necessary to the company.","But I am in hopes that next summer I shall be able to see you and if so I purpose on visiting the springs at several places and visiting those parts of Virginia most remarkable such as the Natural Bridge. You will please let me know the distance from Beverly to Staunton, \u0026 the time in which the stage [visits] it, and also the distance from Beverly to the White Sulphur Springs.","As yet I do not know where I will be stationed. I hope that ere this your eyes are perfectly recovered. I am still getting better. I have been brevetted a captain though as yet it is not published. Write frequently to your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","Carlisle Barracks Penn \nSeptember 5th 1848","Dear Sister \nI had the pleasure of receiving your letter directed to New York but the same day I received orders to attend as a member of a general court martial at this place which is about a hundred miles distant (east) of Pittsburgh {following 17 words are marked out with heavy ink}...in your own house on the 10th of October which is earlier than you even requested. As I have already given you my reasons for not coming this fall it is unnecessary to state that I may make sacrifices in visiting you. But on reading your letter I concluded that I would use my influence to do that which I so much desire to do (to visit you). But as yet, the court has not adjourned, and I have not yet got my leave of absence granted, but Capt. Taylor told me that he would not only approve of it, but recommend it, but before I can get it, I must obtain the permission of the Colonel of my Regt. and of the Secretary of War. But should I not arrive by the time specified, do not have anxiety about it. If it be unsuccessful the fault shall not be mine.","There are many very interesting ladies here, and there has been almost a soiree every day since my arrival, and at which I have enjoyed myself well. When I obtain my leave, should I get it, you must not expect me to stay with you more than a month. And I hope that your health will be much improved by that time. You need not write to me, until you receive another letter from me, as I cannot say where I may be any coming day. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, your family, and my other friends. My health I think, is still improving.","Your brother \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor. Jany 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI suppose that you begin to think it time, that I should write, but I am not certain that my physician agrees with you about that as he has been cautioning me about confining my mind too much. But at all events, I shall venture to say, that I am still living, and with the blessings of God, hope to live, for some years to come. My physician has pronounced my lungs and liver sound, and that the liver has only been sympathetically affected.","I saw about that claim of [Warren's], and it is worth nothing, the Sheriff having failed to make his certificate. Whilst in Richmond, I called on Mr. Carlisle, and was received by him, in a very cordial manner, and during my stay there, he allowed no opportunity to pass unimproved, in which he could manifest his kindness. The night after I left your house I passed out at the head of the Valley river, and the next morning was in about 17 miles of Huntersville. But not withstanding I reached the Hot Springs too late for the Wednesday's stage, and consequently had to wait until Friday.","I am as you have observed at Fort Hamilton, which is on Long Island about ten miles below the city of New York, and on the east bank of the Hudson River. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the children \u0026 c.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton. Feby 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI have more than once thought of your request to write to you and give you the fashions, but such would be a difficult thing for me to do as I do not know even so much as the name of the different parts of a ladies apparel. I in the matter of dress agree perfectly with the Parisians (who not only give the fashions for New York City, but for the civilized world) that a person ought to adopt such a style of dress as is most becoming the particular individual and not that which is adopted by the greater portion of mankind, unless it should be at least reasonably suited to your complexion, height, figure \u0026.","I have begun my historical studies having read about one fourth of Ro[bi]ns Ancient History. If Mr. Arnold can prevail on the wagoner who may bring my books to Cumberland, to put the box in the office of Adams \u0026 Co. who have an office in Cumberland, and a train of cars running from there to New York, he will secure them to me more effectually than in any other way. Let the man take a receipt for them, and forward it to me at this place. The box should be marked as follows: Captain T.J. Jackson, care of the Quartermaster in New York City, N.Y. The manner in which the company do business, is to give a receipt when any thing is delivered at the office and then to turn over the article when the receipt is presented, and if the article should get lost to pay the owner for it.","The cholera has entirely disappeared from this place (Quarantine). The weather is quite disagreeable. I caught the rheumatism in your salubrious mountain air, which is harassing me no little. I am gaining strength and flesh. If Mr. Gibson will write to Captain Arnold, who is at Fort Monroe Va I am of the opinion, that he will get some information in relation to the ammunition which was charged to his brother, as he was a lieutenant in Arnold's Company. I am well fixed here, having my rooms both carpeted and decently furnished. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the family, Aunt White, Uncle, and our other relatives.","Your brother\nT.J. Jackson","P.S. The gold fever is running very high here. I have conversed with Mr. Lo[e]ser, an officer of the Army from California, who says that a person can gather on an average about seventy five dollars per day, and that the climate is most delightful, the thermometer standing at from 60 to 70 degrees. As you may not know much about Thermometers, it may not be amiss for me to state, that the higher the thermometer stands, the warmer the weather is. Fahrenheit's thermometer which is the one commonly used in this country and the one referred to above, stands at 32 degrees when water freezes, at 55 degrees the air is temperate, at 75 degrees the air is at summer heat, at 95 degrees the air is at blood heat, and at 212 degrees the air would be at the temperature of boiling water. From the foregoing you observe that the climate referred to must be charming.","\nT.J.J.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor April 27th 1849","Dear Sister \nOwing to a desire to secure some catalogs for Mr. Arnold, I have not written earlier. Yesterday, I went to Harper and Brothers Book store; but he had none on hand; but said that he would have in a few days. I obtained one from Appleton's Book establishment and shall forward it by the same mail as this letter. It do not contain all his books, when I shall have obtained one from Harper, I shall also forward it. And if Mr. Arnold shall want any books that may not be found in either of them, let me know what ones they are, and I believe that I can find it in some part of the city.","Your request had not yet been complied with, but I rely on your generosity of character; as my strength has forbid much exercise, and especially walking on the hard pavements of N.Y. city. But I am improving in both flesh and strength and I hope in health also. I am now under the care of one of the first medical men of N.Y. city. I have lately commenced visiting more frequently, and every few evenings receive an invitation to some social party. Yesterday whilst walking through the city, I thought of the pleasure which I would derive from sharing the contemplations of its beauties and wonders with you. Naturally I recalled to mind, and applied to N.Y. what the Frenchman asserted of Paris, when he said that when a man had seen Paris, that he had seen all the world.","In New York may be found all most anything which the inclinations may desire; but peaceful quiet: every thing is in motion, every thing is alive with animation. In its busy throng, none feel the long tedious hour; even the invalid for the time forgets his infirmities, and with wondering admiration contemplates the surrounding scene.","Frequently you are the subject of my thoughts, and if you were only within reach of rapid communication would receive more frequent visits. The weather is moderating here.","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, June 12th/49","Dear Sister, \nDoubtless you are expecting an answer to your last, and in truth, not without reason; as I have not written for more than two months. But my silence has not originated from your not replying to my former letters, but is due to other causes, such as weak eyes and pressure of business, as I have to discharge the duties of Quartermaster \u0026 Commissary in addition to my other company duties, and from such causes I have now a number of unanswered letters on hand.","I wish when practicable to write to you once every month, and I do not wish you to reply unless your eyes will admit of it without pain, because I prefer that your health should be preserved to any other Earthly consideration, and I hope that you will not strain your eyes on any account whatever. We can not appreciate our blessings unless deprived of them. My health is improving.","I forward to Mr. Arnold a catalogue of Harper's publications. If there is anything in it which he wishes, I hope that he will not fail to let me know. When you get possession of my books, I wish that you would retain them until I see you, or write relative to them.","I have not subscribed for Graham's magazine, but will do so if you desire. I merely sent a copy in order to see how you would like it. I hope to send you a copy or number(?) of the Lady's Book which some prefer to Graham's, though I can not say which is best, but when you shall have received it, you can judge for yourself.","I have received my commission as Brevet Major, and am gratified that you had an opportunity of doing Judge Lee a favor.","I sent a fifty dollar bank draft to Sylvanus White, with a request that he would pay Miss Caroline Norris a small sum, I think 2.50, 3.00 or 3.50 cts, which she let me have for the purpose of making a small purchase, which I did not make; and as I have heard nothing of him  since, and as some months have elapsed, I fear that something may be wrong. I wish that you would ask Miss Eliza Norris about it, and if Sylvanus has not settled it, I wish that you would. If at any time, you should not receive an expected letter, try and make yourself easy, as in case of any accident happening to me, I have friends who would not fail to give the necessary information.","The Cholera in the city is on the decline. I have no dread of it as I believe that those who keep their system in a healthy state have but little to fear.","Your sincere brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, Monday, July 2/49","My Dear Sister, \nThe morning duties ended, and through the blessings of that all Ruling Being, I'm allowed the privilege and pleasure communing with you. I received some days since, a letter from John White informing me of your visit to him and of the news of his vicinity, but which it is not necessary to mention as I presume that all is probably already known to you. I was gratified to learn that Uncle C.E. had been released from the [illegible], and had left Lewis for a more congenial clime. I also received a letter from cousin Elizabeth [Griss], informing me of the marriage of cousin Indas (her sister), of her own recovered health and of the prospects of her promising brothers Ben and William. She also stated that the health of Aunt and Uncle Williams was good. But she had not heard from you, since my visit. If your eyes should become so, as to allow of your writing without pain, then try and drop her a note for truly she is one of your friends. But I hope that you will not strain your eyes for the purpose of writing to anyone. You can at least send her your card and an occasional messages by some of the Lawyers.","I feel much concern about your eyes, for I fear you will strain them. Remember that the best physicians are opposed to straining that important organ and when it fails or begins to fail naturally that they recommend spectacles. But this should be the last resort, and should only be used when necessary : for instance, some persons can walk about, out of doors and in doors without the light hurting their eyes: but must use this auxiliary in reading. The great objection to spectacles is that when their use is once commenced, it must be generally continued through life. A person when selecting a pair should select the lowest number, which will answer the proposed end and then as circumstances require, increase it. But I would advise you not to use them as long as you can do without them (at the same time avoiding pain).","My eyes were so weak some months since that I could not look long at objects through the window and to look out of doors was frequently painful, though but for a moment, and I was reduced to the necessity of masking my looking glass on account of its reflection, and I could not look at a candle, not even for a second, without pain. I consulted my physician and he told me not to use them, and at the same time to avoid spectacles. I did so and at present can read a letter of three or four pages without feeling any inconvenience of consequence. My health is improving and my strength adhered to my wholesome diet, of stale bread and plainly dressed meat (having nothing on it but salt), that I prefer it now to almost anything else. The other evening, I tasted a piece of bread with butter on it and then the bread without it, and rather gave my preference to the unbuttered bread; and hence I may never taste any more of this once much relished seasoning. And I think if you would adopt for your breakfast a cup of moderately strong black tea, stale wheat bread (wheat bread, raised and not less that 24 hours old) fresh meat, broiled or roasted is best, the yolk of one or two eggs (the white is hardly worth eating as it requires digestion and affords but little nutrition). For dinner the same kind of bread \u0026 meat, one vegetable only, say peas, beans or this years potatoes, and for drink plain water. For tea, the same kind of bread and drink as for breakfast and nothing else, unless you choose a little butter. The great beauty of the foregoing is that it furnishes all the nutrition which food can give and at the same time does not interfere in the digestive process like other substances such as salt meats, cabbage, lettuce, desert (such as pies, preserves, nuts, and all kinds of sweetmeats). Of what I have recommended, you can eat as much as your appetite craves, provided that you take regular meals, and plenty of exercise, say not less than three hours per day. I presume that your daily duties require you to be moving probably that much. Salt meats may be eaten, but fresh is preferable, and I regard green tea \u0026 coffee so injurious to the nerves that you should always prefer water to either. Now if you can make up your mind to adopt the foregoing for one year, I think that you will probably never wish to change it, and that after using such a diet for two or three months that you may experience marked advantage from it, but you must bear in mind that your meals must be at fixed hours. If you arise at seven five or six O'clock and go to bed at nine or ten, then seven would be a good hour for breakfast, one for dinner and seven for tea. And you ought to always retire to bed before eleven. If you should conclude to adopt the forgoing, do not taste other things of which you are fond: unless it be fruits and those should be ripe. I think that a small quantity of fruit eaten when ripe and in the fore part of the day, is advantageous. You should try and forget that you are infirm and pay no attention to your symptoms as most any person can by being too attentive to every little pain.","Remember that good wholesome food taken at proper times is one of the best of medicines. I shall have hopes of your improvement when you have resolved to taste nothing of which you are fond, except such things as I have mentioned. If you commence on this diet, remember that it is like a man joining the temperance society; if he afterwards tastes liquor, he is gone. T.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton April 1st 1850","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came to safe to hand, and with pleasure its contents were read. During the past month, our stables were burned. All the horses were saved, though mine, with some others, were injured a little. The damage was near four thousand dollars.","I regret to say that circumstances will prevent my return home this summer, but on the 1st of October, I expect to be ordered to Fort Washington, opposite Mount Vernon, where I expect to get a leave, and visit you during some portion of that month.","My health continues to improve. My muscles have become quite solid. My exercises are of a violent character, when the chill blain {chilblain} on my feet do not prevent it. I hope that Little Ann has entirely recovered.","When I make my proposed visit, I shall endeavor to take with me such things as your letter has specified, provided that they are attainable. Some of them may be difficult to get. My past winter has been much more pleasant than the preceding. The weather here is at present delightful; but in a few days it may be the reverse as it is much influenced here on the Sea Board, by the direction of the winds.","On Thursday last, I, in company with 18 others had a grand sleigh ride, it was the best snow of the season, but in 24 hours, there was hardly a trace of it to be found.","Sincerely your Brother \nThomas P.S. Remember me to Mr. A. and family.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor \nApril 24, 1850","My Dear Uncle, \nI have with pleasure received, and read your very kind letter, but it was a pleasure mingled with pain at seeing those passages, which spoke of the death of friends and relatives. Though the rumor of uncle Cummins' death may be true, yet I cannot believe it without further evidence. I shall write to California and try to ascertain. I hope that no decree will be obtained for settling his property, but should such authority be obtained, then will not some of his friends who have means come forward and prevent its sacrifice. Certainly if he has a friend, now it the time for its manifestation. You spoke of my giving assistance, but my pecuniary affairs are so arranged that I have not ten dollars in cash which I can call my own.","There is no man on Earth, whom I would befriend sooner than Uncle Cummins. Let me know who have betrayed him and in what he has been betrayed, give me a full history of names and facts as soon as possible; and strain every nerve to prevent the granting of the decree. I expect to return home in the Fall, when I will see what can be done; though I fear that I will not be able to do any thing, but I can not tell what good luck I may meet with by that time.","I believe that I will leave my horse in the possession of McLean until then. I am in much better health then when we parted and hope through the blessings of a kind Providence soon to be restored to perfect health. I have not received a single line from California. I have a delightful station and hope to pass a pleasant Summer.","Remember me kindly to Aunt and other relatives and friends. \nYour nephew \nT.J. Jackson","Plattsburg Barracks N.Y. \nMay 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou observe that I am now on the border of Canada, it is for the purpose of trying some prisoners.","My health is still improving and in a short time I expect to return home to Fort Hamilton. In coming to this place I have passed some charming scenery. This place is on the Western bank of Lake Champlain. I should like very much to visit Montreal and Quebec before returning South, but want of time and money will prevent it. On my way here I saw the old Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point. And in front of this Garrison, was fought the great Naval action of the late war.","Remember me kindly to Mr. A and Family. \nYour brother Thomas","Fort Hamilton N.Y. \nMay 20th 1850","Sir, \nI herewith enclose an Invoice of Public Property, directed to your address, and turned over this day to Genl. H. Whiting, Asst. Qtr.Mstr. Genl.,for transportation.","I am Sir, \nVery Respectfully, \nYour obedient servt. \nT.J. Jackson\n1st Lt. \u0026 Bvt.Maj. 1st Arty. \nA. A. Qtr.Mstr.","To S. Lansing Jr. Esq. \nMil. Storekeeper \nU.S. Arsenal Watervliet Troy","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor","My Dear Sister, \nI have received yours and in reply, can say that my health is still improving. Your requests shall be attended to, but it will be necessary to wait until my arrival; as I know of no safe mode of conveyance. You speak of your fruit and flowers. I cannot indulge in the luxury of the former, but of the latter, I take great interest and I hope that you may always cultivate them. It shows a refined taste to abound in admiration for the beautiful, and it has the additional advantage of endearing children to their home. With pleasure they must through different periods of their lives look back to their garden filled with beautiful flowers. And when they see the same flowers, even in distant countries, how vividly will it recall to mind their home, their Mother, Father, brothers, sisters, and all their early associations. ","I will not get home this summer, but have some hopes of coming in October, but I can not say what the result will be. How can I get through those mountains during the Winter season.","I wish that I could come and spend the entire winter with you, but such I fear will be impractical. Do not make any calculations, but expect me when circumstances will best admit of my taking a leave. I have recently received a letter from uncle John White and Aunt Catherine. The family is well, uncle Jack and Aunt Nancy are dead.","Uncle had recently received a letter from our cousins in California and they say that Uncle Cummins is undoubtedly dead. This is news which goes to my heart, uncle was a father to me.","I want to bring Thomas a good violin, if neither you nor Mr. A. has any objection to his learning to play on one. Remember me kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Fort Ontario N.Y. \nAug 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou are probably surprised at hearing from me so frequently at different points as a member of Courts Martial. I am now about twelve hours from Niagara Falls, and consequently intend visiting them before returning home. I will leave here in the evening and be at the Falls next morning.","The Court will probably remain in session for several days.","Fort Ontario is situated on the lake of the same name and in view of the city of Oswego.","If circumstances permit me to return home to Va. this coming fall, how can I get to your town most conveniently from Washington City. My health is still improving, but is as yet so delicate as to render much regularity necessary, and it is probable that I am more particular in my rules that any person of your acquaintance.","I fear that I will be much exposed in crossing the mountains, unless there is a stage line through from Eastern Virginia. When you write, let me know what kind of flowers, plants, \u0026 are in your garden and what kind you would like for me to bring. I expect that I can obtain almost every description in New York.","I am to commence staying at a water cure establishment this evening where I expect to remain during my stay here. I have great faith in them for such infirmities as mine. I have been for some months adopting it to a certain extent, and with advantage.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and the family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","West Point N.Y. \nSept. 3rd 1850","My Dear Sister, \nI am again at my first Military station, and a very pleasant visit it is. Here I see objects which recall many pleasant \u0026 agreeable associations of my youth, but it is my lot to meet but few of my comrades of those bygone days. All other things are visible, though changed. One of my former Barracks is torn down and another constructed. But among the existing and unaltered objects are the garden of Kosciuszko, his monument, Fort Putnam, in which Andre was confined and from which Arnold escaped after his unsuccessful attempt to sell his command. Here too is the Plain, the Military works and above all, its grand and lofty mountains. I am on a Genl. C. Martial, which will soon adjourn.","I have been quite unwell and had it not have been for my judicious application of water, I can not say what would have been the consequence.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Meade, Fla. \nFeb. 25th 1851","Dear Sir, \nI have just received your communication of the 4th inst. containing the kind proposition of bringing my name before the Board of Visitors of the V. M. Institute as a candidate for the Professorship of Nat. \u0026 Exp. Phil.","Though strong ties bind me to the Army, yet I can not consent to decline so flattering an offer. Please present my name to the Board and accept my thanks for your kindness.","I am sir, \nVery Respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Fort Meade Fla. \nApril 2nd 1851","My Dear Sister, \nYour affectionate letter has been received, and read with much pleasure. I should think from the character of them, (the last few) that your health has improved very much; although you do not say so in so many words.","I have hopes of being able to live near you for a while. I received a letter from Col. Smith, the Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, in which he kindly offers to present my name to the Board of Visitors in June next, as a candidate for the Professorship in Natural and Experimental Philosophy in the Institute. I have accepted his offer; but am unable to say whether I shall be elected. If I knew who would compose the Board, then I could form a better idea. If I have a few friends on it, my chance will probably be good. I consider the situation both conspicuous and desirable. I will be in about 150 or 160 miles from you, will have quarters, and receive twelve hundred dollars per year. Philosophy is my favorite subject. I hope through the blessings of Providence to succeed in securing the Post.","I have heard that the Hon. Joseph Johnson is to be our Governor. Is it Joseph Johnson of Harrison? if so I am much pleased, as he had befriended me on more than one occasion.","I believe that John Stringer will probably be on the Board of Visitors in June next. This information I received by yesterdays mail. Where does he live? I see that Mr. Carlisle has been making two speeches in the convention. I look upon him as one of the promising sons of Virginia. I hope before long to see him in Congress. I am much pleased at seeing cousin Wm. J. Jackson also in the Convention. Indeed I have some hopes that our ancient reputation may be revived.","I might have sent this letter sooner, but I designedly delayed it for to see if yesterday's mail (6th of April) would not enable me to give you some good news, but I did not receive the information which I was waiting for, but in my next I hope to be in possession of agreeable tidings for you, but I am not over sanguine.","I received a few days since, a very kind, and well-wishing letter from Genl. John J. Jackson. When I visit you, I want also to visit him. I find that I have many friends, indeed I have found that all to whom I apply for assistance are ready to give me a helping hand. The generals letter was particularly gratifying to me.","I shall not attempt a Theological discussion with you a present, hoping to see you during the present year, when I hope that you will have all of your questions and ideas prepared for the investigation of your brother.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., to Aunt White, to Uncle, Cousin John, Uncle Stalnaker and Col. Goff and other friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Meade Florida \nApril 22nd 1851","Col. \nYour letter of the 28th inst. informing me that I have been elected Prof. of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics, in the Virginia Military Institute, has been received.","The high honor, conferred by the Board of Visitors, in selecting me, unanimously, to fill such a Professorship, gratified me exceedingly.","I hope to be able to meet the Board on the 25th of June next, but fear that circumstances, over which I have no control, will prevent my doing do before that time. For your kindness in endeavoring to procure me a leave of absence for six months, as well as for the interest you have otherwise manifested in my behalf, I feel under strong and lasting obligations.","Should I desire a furlough of more than than one month commencing on the 1st of July next, it would be for the purpose of visiting Europe.","I regret that recent illness has prevented my giving you an earlier answer.","Any communication which you may have to make previous to the 1st of June, please direct to this place.","I am Col. \nVery respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, VA \nAugust 20th 1851","My Dear Sister \nI am much pleased with my situation. I have commenced my military duties and am reviewing on of my text books. My health has much improved since you heard me say good by.","I sent you a pamphlet a few days since, it was by the request of my old Physician with whom I was residing in the North. He appeared to take a deep interest in me and to be interested in those who were interested in your brother. From him I have learned many important truths concerning health. His names is Lowry Barney. I felt home sick at bidding adieu to his estimable family. Mrs. B. said that I did not appear like a stranger but like a relative, they were more kind than I could have desired.","From my present room which is in the 2d story of the Lexington Hotel. I have a lovely view of Mountain scenery. Lexington is the most beautiful place that I remember of having ever seen when taken in connection with the surrounding country.","I expect to go to the Springs next month with the Corps of Cadets. We shall leave about the 8th and return about the 25th, about the 13th we will arrive at the White Sulphur.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family and to my friends and relatives. I suppose that you had a fine mental feast on Miss B's notes. I designed burning them. Please save me the trouble by doing me the favor","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 8th 1851","My Dear Sister, \nI have had the pleasure of receiving your letter and the articles which you sent to me.","I have seen Mr. Cowen and requested him to call on you, and have made a similar request of Mr. Henderson, whom I esteem very highly. He is the brother-in-law of Col. Smith. I am much obliged for the articles. An opportunity will hardly be afforded for visiting you this winter. I have received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale: She as well as our other relatives are well.","The academic duties commenced on yesterday week.","My health has through the blessings of Providence been so much improved to enable me to enter on my duties, with which I am delighted.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family, and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","And say to Mr. A. that I hope to be able by his assistance to get some fine fossil specimens from his farm when I next visit Beverly. I remember of having seen some beautiful specimens of shells, near the bridge about Mrs. Bakers. These he showed me in 1848.","Your brother \nThomas ","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. Jany. 16th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has like every other good, brought with it pain. But I hope that your health will again return among the blessings of Providence to brighten the remainder of your days as well as those of mine.","I have been desirous of writing at an earlier day; but our examination and other duties have prevented my doing so, and even now this pleasing task is performed during the height of the examination. It could be delayed no longer without a degree of pain, which your brother is unwilling to experience on this subject. This trying ordeal will close about Thursday next.","I hope that you will look back if you through your past life and see if you can not find some cause for your afflictions.","Now my dear sister. You are aware that I am troubled about your hopes in relation to the endless futurity. The best plan that I can  conceive for an unbeliever in God, as presented to us in the Bible, is to first consider things in reference merely to expediency. Now considering the subject with reference to expediency only, let us examine whether it is safer to be a Christian or an Infidel. Suppose two persons, one a Christian and the other an infidel, to be closing their earthly existences and suppose that the infidel is right and the Christian is wrong, they will then after death be upon an equality. But instead of the infidel being right, suppose him to be wrong and the Christian right, then will the state of the latter after death be inestimably superior to that of the other. And if you will examine the history of mankind it will be plain that Christianity contributes much more to happiness in this life, than that of infidelity. Now having briefly glanced at this subject, to what decision are we forced on the mere ground of expediency, certainly it is to the adoption of Christianity.","Having made our selection of Christianity, the next point is to consider whether we can believe the teachings of the Sacred volume; if so, then its adoption should of necessity follow. I have examined the subject maturely, and the evidence is very conclusive, and if we do not receive the Bible as being authentic and creditable, we must reject every other ancient work; as there is no other in favor of which, so much evidence can be adduced. Oh Sister! do pray to God for his mercy, and eternal life through our Redeemer Jesus Christ.","I have not yet been able to procure the peaches of which I spoke in my former letter. Cousin Harriet has returned from her visit to Point Pleasant, which was to her very pleasant. Uncle Minor Neale's daughter has returned home, with her grand-father who came north for her. Talk to Thomas \u0026 Grace for me and tell them that their uncle is very much obliged to them and that they must continue to be good children, and do what their mother and father may require of them.","Remember me very kindly to all inquiring friends and Relatives.","I should be much pleased to see a literary institution in Beverly; but I cannot see how to be serviceable to it. If you will state in your next what I would have to do as agent I would be enabled to give a more definite answer.","Your brother, \nThomas ","Va. Mil. Institute \nLexington Va. Feby. 7 1852","My Dear Sister, \nThough much pressed with business and far behind in my correspondence, I can not defer any longer a letter to you. Our examination has closed and academic duties have been resumed.","Next week I hope to take up the subject of Optics. The approaching summer is looked forward to by me with no small degree of interest, as our vacation will commence after the 4th of July.","Your health I hope is completely restored before this time: mine is still delicate. When did you last hear from Parkersburg and how are our relatives and friends? Do you see anything of John White's family. The weather had been extremely cold, but at present it is lovely.","I have not heard from you in weeks upon weeks. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 21st 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter including that of our cousin, has been received, and with no small regret do I consider your past afflictions, but we are all the children of suffering sorrow in this world. Whilst it has many pleasures, it is not, nor will not be divested of its cares. Amid affliction, let us hope for happiness. But divest us of hope and how miserable would we be! It has never forsaken me, nor in my humble opinion, never will. However dark the night, I am cheered with an anticipated glorious and luminous morrow. May such ever be your happy lot. No earthly calamity can shake my hope in the future, so long as God is my friend, and on this subject I expect to have a long conversation with you next summer. I feel ashamed of not having written to you earlier, but even now I am debtor a number of letters in other quarters, which in time, have the preference, but my conscience will not be troubled at this species of fraud.","I am glad that cousin stopped with you. I received a letter from cousin Sylvanus White recently in which he states that his location is in Missouri, but for the future, he can not say to what quarter his steps will be directed.","My health has improved. What do you propose doing next summer during my visit. I suppose that plans you have in abundance. How is the family: give my regards to all individually. Tell Thomas that I should like to have him with me sometimes very much \u0026 that he must be at home the next time that I visit him. Remember me to all inquiring friends and relatives. How is Cousin John White and Aunt White.","Your Brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute Lexington, Va. \nApril 10th 1852","My Dear Sister \nI have nothing which can call for a letter from me at this time except the pleasure of writing to you and to say a word in reference to your mentioned garden seeds, \u0026 c. Tell me the precise kinds of seeds which are desirable and if you can the mode of conveyance for them to Beverly. I might possibly procure some grafts of apricots \u0026 [illegible] if they could only be sent to you.","I sent for my box sometime since, but have not yet obtained possession of it. This is a beautiful day, though the preceding few have been cold and have injured the fruit prospects, particularly the apricots and other early fruit. The plank road from Staunton to Buckhannon, which latter place is about 25 miles distant from here is now under construction, through our town. The stage travels about one third faster on it than on the dirt road.","I am anxiously looking forward to July.","When did you last hear from Cousin Margaret. She appears to have dropped me as a correspondent. I certainly gave her ostensible reason for so doing by not answering her letter more promptly. But this was occasioned by the pressure of other things.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., the family \u0026 to all enquiring friends and relations.","Tell Thomas and Grace I am not going to allow them to see their Aunt Nancy until they both offer to love me more than her. Tell them that their Aunt does not care about them half as much as I do.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. May 1st 1852","My Dear Doctor, \nYour interesting letter has been received and perused with much pleasure. But my matrimonial success as you are ere this probably aware of was a hoax. I suppose that some interested friend thought that I ought to be married and that it would be well to remind me of my duty before efforts would be too late. Frequently your intended, is to be seen with all her prepossessing fascinations. Why do you not come on? Certainly you will be here on the 4th. The weather here is at present beautiful, though for months it has been unseasonably cold.","How are you pleased with Philadelphia? What are Penrose's prospects for distinction in his profession. Of all the cities in this Union, that of the Quakers has my preference. Its public squares, magnificent edifices, it's water works \u0026 c, including that universal task which strikes the eye at all its points, must make it very interesting to all, who are only consulting pleasure.","Trueheart is now in Washington city, engaged in the Coast Survey. There is only one assistant here at present (Stewart). Our appropriation bill has not yet been acted on by the Legislature.","Judge Baldwin is not expected to recover from his recent attack. Judge Brockenbrough will probably be a candidate in place of Judge Baldwin for the Court of Appeals.","Prof. Calhoun of Washington College will leave this coming summer; his successor is so far unknown. Every thing is quiet at present in the Institute and I hope will ever continue so.","There is to be strong [stage] opposition through here this season. Let me here from you whenever a spare moment will permit.","Your sincere friend, \nT. J. Jackson","[On verso; not in Jackson's hand]","Resolved that it is with feelings of the most profound regret that we have heard the announcement of the decease of our fellow student \u0026 associate Dr. [illegible] Weir; whose gentlemanly bearing \u0026 Christian deportment has served not only to endear him to all with whom he came in contact but to render him an ornament and honour to the noble profession of which he was so faithful a votary. Resolved that we do sympathize most sincerely with the bereaved relatives \u0026 friends of his House upon whom this dispensation of Providence has fallen so unexpectedly \u0026 painfully.","Resolved that from respect to his memory we will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.","Resolved that a copy of the proceedings of this meeting signed by the Secy. \u0026 Pres. be forwarded to the family of the deceased \u0026 that the same be published in the Richmond \u0026 Alexandria papers.","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. May 14, 1852","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter had been received; but you do not give me definite instructions about garden seed, grafts etc. But I should think that it would be useless to get any for you unless they are such as I can convey in person for you may judge of the difficulty of getting anything from Lexington to Beverly from the fact that though I have used effort upon effort to procure the box which you sent to me and have told the stage driver to spare no expense in procuring it, yet from his negligence or from some other cause it has not yet come to hand.","I wish that you would either get Miss H. to take it back to Beverly on her return, or else send a servant with it to the stage office at Staunton and have it sent to me put on the way bill and directed to me at Lexington, Va. to the care of E. Porter.","I have recently received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale, which states that she is engaged in teaching a school and that all our relations are well and that Cousin Lizzie Neale, daughter of Uncle Minor is on a visit and that she will probably remain North all summer.","I hope that by this time your health is entirely restored. Though my manner of living is very abstemious, yet health has not returned with all its blessings. Yet I am much better than when I last bid you good bye.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family. Tell Thomas and Grace that their aunt does not say a single word about either of them.","The weather had been very pleasant for the past few days, though the present one is not remarkably agreeable as a part of the time is sunshine and a part rainy and the balance is a mixture of both. In Beverly there is probably snow to be seen even this  late in May.","This evening we are to be favored with a vocal concert. I wish that you could accompany me. I believe that as yet you had not been informed of my daily exercise. I have to walk about a mile and a half for each meal: 3/4 to and 3/4 from it. And in the morning I usually walk about a mile and a half before breakfast and in the afternoon about two miles or more before tea.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. June 5th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter has come safe to hand but I regret that your health is not yet restored though improved at present, let us hope to see the day when you will again enjoy that greatest of earthly blessings in perfection. Do not begin to look for me until the latter half of July. I may be with you in the first part but I can not speak definitely at present.","My box has not yet arrived, but I have spoken to a friend whose family lives in Staunton to endeavor to have his family to forward it. I shall try to get some grafts to take with me.","Is it a fur hat which I am to get for Thomas, if so it would be desirable to have the measure of his head.","The weather is quite cool here this morning though for sometime back it has been very warm.","The people are beginning to visit the Alum Springs.","I wish that you could see our Institute for I consider that it is the most tasty edifice in the state. We have had green peas for sometime and the strawberries are I believe beginning to disappear. But the cherries are just coming in season.","Beverly must be cold enough for all practicable purposes even at this late period. I am enjoying myself more than I have done for some years; but still my health requires much care and rigid regard to diet.","I hope that the news may be true that Uncle Cummins has returned; to meet him will be a proud day in my life. He has certainly been a good friend to me. Have you heard anything from cousin E.J. Jackson.","A bill has recently passed out state Legislature which appropriates 30,000 dollars for the purpose of completing our Barracks. We expect during the coming session to have about 18 or 20 more cadets that at any previous one and when the buildings shall be completed the accommodations will admit of upwards of 200. This past year we had to refuse admission to a large number. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family \u0026 to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother \nThomas \nP.S. I hope that you will not make any calculations as to the manner of passing the present summer until after my arrival at Beverly. T. ","Alum Springs Rockbridge Cty\nJuly 12 1852","I arrived here yesterday in as good health as usual and am delighted with the waters so far. The Springs are crowded there being about four hundred visitors and the accommodations being only adequate for 275 or 300. I succeeded in procuring 1/2 a bed; there being one room for four occupants. In a few days I hope to be better off. Though we have but two beds to 4 persons in my quarters; yet the beds are good, and the servants, and proprietors, and the their assistants are attentive.","Boarding is 10 dollars per week. This water I consider is the water of waters. This place is more crowded than any other in the mountains and I have not heard of a single person who is dissatisfied though my enquiries have been many.","My appetite and digestion have already improved and I indulge rather freely. My dinner was principally bread (which was rather fresh), potatoes and green corn which is by no means digestible. My supper rich corn bread \u0026 the same for breakfast (using butter freely at each meal)","Remember me very kindly to all enquiring Relatives and friends. Your brother, Thomas","This establishment was sold a few days since for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. \nT.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nSept 7th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nA line from you has not even come to hand yet. I hope that this is not a result of ill health. An improvement of health began to reward me for my visit to the Alum Springs, within as I believe less than 24 hours after my arrival there. I remained at the Springs for three weeks and then left with regret.","The checks have not yet come to hand, has the letter containing them been received by you. Our duties at the Institute have been resumed, and things omen well.","I have for months back admired Lexington, but now for the first time have truly and fully appreciated it. Of all the places which have come under my observation in the U. States, this little village is the most beautiful.","In a few days I hope to write a letter to cousin Harriet Murdoc and I shall urge her to leave home next year. She is a lovely lady and if she were not my cousin I might ardently desire her to be my wife. She is so estimable: I feel proud of her as a cousin. I enjoyed myself very much at the springs and would have been delighted to have had her with me.","I wrote to Richard Camden and to Dr. Bland requesting them to join me at the Alum but have heard nothing from either of them.","I hope that the baby has entirely recovered and that your health continues to improve. Remember me very kindly to the family and to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother, Thomas ","Has Cousin Nancy returned home? How is Miss Eliza and Mrs. Hilly? \nT.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 9th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has finally come safely to its place of destination. I felt concerned about your long silence, for fear that your health was bad.","I have found on my return home that the peaches here were not so abundant as I had supposed but the apples are at abundance. Though peaches are not so plentiful as I had supposed, yet I have spoken to a person to secure me two or three bushels and if he fails I will endeavor to secure them by sending to Lynchburg, which is near forty miles and through that section I have been informed that there has been no scarcity. I hope that by this time the baby is entirely well and that health and prosperity are among the number of your domestic blessings.","My health has been much improved by visiting the Alum Springs. I have been and am still using the water, but its effects are not so good as when used at the Springs.","Cousin Harriet has written me a letter which I prize very much, it speaks the purity of her character. I wish that I could be with her during my leisure moments. They would pass so delightfully under her pure and elevating influence.","Cousin Margaret is married, though of this you have probably already been informed. She is the wife of the person to whom I believe you alluded when we were at Parkersburg. Aunt would not consent to her being married at home and she was consequently married at Uncle William Neale's.","The weather here is very warm and the ground is quite dry.","What news have you from the letter containing the drafts. I wish you would let me know as soon as convenient, whether there is any hopes of getting possession of them. Let me hear from you as soon as convenient.","John Gittings is doing very well.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 25th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter has come safe to hand and I am glad to learn that you are enjoying as many blessings as still fall to your lot. I hope that by the time of the receipt of this that the children will all be in perfect health.","George Lurty has been here for about two weeks. He and Mr. Harrison (son of Wm. Harrison of Clarksburg) design taking a course of law lectures this winter under Judge Brockenbrough.1   George is a young man of very fine mind, and I hope that he will acquit himself with much credit this winter. A young Mr. Stribling from Point Pleasant is also here. He is brother to the Miss S. of whom I presume you have ","1Now, Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, Virginia. heard cousin Harriet Murdoc frequently speak. Cousin Harriet I regard as being one of the sweetest ladies with whom I have ever met. I wish that we could be together frequently. I hope that she will make a visit next summer to this most beautiful of places. How sweet it is to meet with congenial spirits!","I wish that you would forward me the checks by the first mail as I am in need of them. The peaches have not yet come to hand but as soon as they do I will forward them without delay.","I weighed yesterday one hundred and seventy two pounds and a fraction. This is six pounds more than any former weight. My health has much improved and I hope that through the blessings of God, I will ultimately enjoy perfect health. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A and family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 11, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has been received with its enclosures, but it had brought sorrow to my heart to learn that you health is unusually delicate. My dear sister, my concern for you is great. This concern is not restricted to you whilst in this world, but it extends into the unending future, and my continual prayer is that you will return into the fold of God. My dear sister, if you will but seek God in the bible conditions he will give you peace and comfort while all the powers on Earth can not de[liver] and the hopes of a coming immor[tality] will make all the ills of life supportable under every circumstance. Your mother prayed for you and I believe that the same may be said of your brother Warren. And can it be that the prayers of them and myself united, will not be heard by \"Our Father in Heaven.\" I fear that you concern yourself too much about the things of this life. ","I expect that you have probably been devoting too much care to the articles which you spoke of forwarding to me. Now do not think any more about me in relation to them, but bear in mind that I have plenty of everything except health and that this has much improved.","I hope that health will return to you with all of its blessings. I have written twice to cousin Harriet since we parted. I do think her one of the sweetest ladies. I wish that I could be in her society more frequently than circumstances will permit.","We have had a lovely fall in this portion of the state. My kindest regards to Mr. Arnold's family, all inquiring friends.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. This morning I fired ten guns from the Battery of Artillery in commemoration of the origin of the Institute. This day, thirteen years it went into operation and it is now in a very flourishing condition, so much so that we cannot accommodate all the applications.","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 11th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has received the perusal of a brother and I hope that though ill health is your present lot, that notwithstanding, you will continue a buoyancy of spirits and not give way to surrounding troubles. I too am a man of trouble, yet let the oppressing load be ever so great it never sinks me beneath its weight.","I trust that this will find you improving if not well. Our session will have its semi-annual examination in the early part of the coming January. When did you last hear from Cousin Harriet Murdoc. A cadet from Point Pleasant tells me that she had been there on a visit, but that she has returned home.","Lexington has been very gay for some time back, owing to the marriage of one of the daughters of the late Governor McDowell. The weather is quite inclement at present.","You must talk to Thomas and Grace for me and tell them that their uncle frequently thinks of them and that he would be very glad to have them with him. But that he does not like bad children and always talk to them for me in such a manner as to make them better. I suppose that you have heard of Cousin Margaret Neale's marriage.","I am very busy this winter with studying and hearing recitations, having not only to prepare on Natural Philosophy and Artillery, but to be in the section room three and four hours per day additional. My spare time is given to reading and to other sources of improvement.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that ere this your health has improved and that the returning spring will reanimate your feelings, and suggest the idea that it is but the symbol of the endless beauties and enjoyments of the world to come. The passage of Scripture from which I have derived sufficient support whenever applied is in the following words \"acknowledge God in all thy ways and he shall direct thy paths.\" What a comfort is this!","My Dear Sister, it is useless for men to tell me that there is no God, and that his benign influence is not to be experienced in prayer, when it is offered in conformity to the Bible. For some time past, not a single day has passed by without my feeling his hallowing presence whilst at my morning prayers. I endeavor to live in accordance with the above passage which means as I understand it, in all thy ways acknowledge God and he shall take care of you in all respects.","What better protector can we desire that one who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent and who hath promised that he will take care of us in all things, and in addition to all this the pledge coming from One who cannot lie.","Our weather here has been quite cold for sometime back, but at present it is very beautiful; too much so to be of long duration I fear. Persons I believe have generally filled their ice houses.","I rather begin to despair of the peaches as I have not seen a dry one to my recollection since returning home.","You remember that during the past summer I was very much reduced in flesh, at present I have more than desirable and sometimes endeavor to reduce it, but the nervousness with which I have been so much troubled and the disagreeableness of cold feet induce me to adhere to the indulgence of the palate. But my dishes are very plain: generally brown bread is the principle article for Breakfast and Tea and sometimes I probably do not taste meat for more than a month and I have not to my recollection used any other drink than cold water since my return home, and hope that such may continue to be the case.","I heard from Judge Allen a few days since: Cousin Mary is well, one of her daughters is rather ill. I met the daughter at the Alum Springs during the past summer. She is a beautiful girl.","Though I desire to hear from you frequently; yet I never wish to do so when there doing so, requires that your eyes should be tasked. To know that you are destroying or endangering the happiness of yourself, and those around you, produces more pain than the receipt of a letter cam compensate for.","Cousin Harriet Murdock was well when her last letter was written. A letter from her is daily expected.","Your Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nTime as it passes brings me to the renewal of the pleasant duty of writing to my sister, though there is nothing here of which I am aware that can be of interest to you, beyond what may be felt in an only brother. Let pleasure result from the mere act of writing to you. Our lives have been checkered in a most marked manner and we are still, notwithstanding all the ill omens of our youth, living even beyond the usual period of human life and I trust that before us are the brightest of our days. In taking a retrospective view of my own life, each year has opened as I consider, with increased promise and with my present views, the future is holding richer stores in reserve. Could you only believe with myself then would you also bear the present with patience and look forward to the future with a calm serene and pleasurable delight.","I too have crosses, and am at times deeply afflicted! But however sore may be the trials they lose their poignancy, and instead of producing injury I feel that I am but improved by the ordeal. But how is this accomplished? By throwing myself upon the protection of him, whose law book is the wonderful Bible. My dear sister I would not part with this book for countless universes. I feel ready to make every sacrifice to carry out the will of him who so loved us, as to give his only begotten son to die for me. How exceedingly great must have been that love!","The more I learn, the more dear does the precious volume appear to me. O Sister, if you would only pray! If you would only become religious! I derive much pleasure from morning walks, in which is to be enjoyed the pure sweetness of caroling birds.","The weather is delightful at present, and our peach trees are beginning to bloom, and in the course of a few more weeks, the forests will be clad with verdure.","Judge Brockenbrough's law school has closed its session and George Lurty has returned home; after having passed a profitable winter. If he will only make the best of his facilities, a brilliant career may be expected as his reward. He possesses talents of a high order.","I have not heard from Cousin Harriet for a long time. It appears she has forgotten me.","Sometime since, Cousin Sylvanus wrote to me, and stated that he was at home, but expected in a few days to leave for the west. Talk to the children for me as I would were I with you. Remember me very kindly to the whole family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Rockbridge County, Va. \nApril 15th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nOur spring is opening beautifully, though it is said to be late. I wish that I could only be with you this evening, ah! Not this evening only, but many evenings. I am invited to a large party to night and among the scramble, expect to come in for my share of fun. My health is still improving and in a few months through the blessing of an all kind providence, I hope to be well, at least so much as people usually are.","I wish that you would send me by the return mail the daguerreotype which I had taken in New York after having shaved. The one with the beard on, was taken at New Orleans soon after my return from Mexico. This last one I wish you to keep safely as I prize it highly. If you remember, I gave you two others one being taken with a stern countenance, and the other with a smile, it is the smiling one which I want and don't fail to send it well enveloped, by the first mail. If you wish it to be returned, I will try and do so in a few months or else a better one in its stead; as I think your brother is a better looking man than he was when that was taken. It may be that you have not got the one which I had taken with the beard on, if not it is lost. I am anxious to get Father's, in order to have a facsimile of it taken, but do not trust it to the mail. I believe you let Cousin Harriet have the grim looking one, which I gave you, ungrateful girl that she is. I am going to write to her in a few days such a letter as such conduct in a pretty cousin merits.","I hope that you are out of bed, and able to enjoy the comforts of domestic life. Kiss the children and tell them a great many things such as their uncle would tell him were he in their company.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends. Should any person be coming here, I would be glad to get my Blair's Rhetoric.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 6th 1853","My Dearest \u0026 only Sister, \nYour melancholy letter has brought tears to my eyes. Yet I would never have you conceal anything from me because of the pain which it may cause me. If your health is really as you state, I would rather know it. My dearest sister, with tears in my eyes and a heart devoted to my God, I look into the future beyond the limits of this transient life of care; and see the dark gloom which is to exist throughout infinite duration. That whilst I am \"to shine like a star in the firmament for ever and forever,\" you are to be assigned to unending misery.","What my dear sister is this life, and all its joys, compared to that which is to come. How happy would I be did I but know that beyond this probationary life we should be together for ever more, there with those who have gone before us, to enjoy endless happiness. My sister, do reflect upon my course of life, think and see if I have ever erred since arriving at mature age, and then consider how I could ever have been satisfied of the truth of the Gospel; unless it is true. Have I ever erred in the affairs of this life? Remember too what strong irreligious influences have been brought to bear on me and yet in spite of all opposing obstacles, I am one of the most devoted of Christians.","Will you not have some faith in the prayers of a dying mother \u0026 brother? My dearest sister, do throw yourself into the hands of God. Throw yourself upon his mercy, repent of your sins and believe that the father will accept your prayers, and forgive your transgressions, for the sake of his son's merits. Remember that he hath said that they who come unto him he will in nowise cast off.","I shall leave here as soon as my vacation shall permit and hope to be with you by the 12 of July if not before. I had designed making you a visit this summer, but did not know whether it would be before or after my return from the North. I have business which calls me to New York City this summer and I was desirous of going some more distant places.","You speak of Dr. Bosworth's son. I wish that it was in my power to do him a service but being here as Professor, I ought not to abuse my trust in any way. I wrote to the Doctor in reference to his son, but I believe omitted to state that in his letter to the superintendent of the Institute he should state that he was unable to educate his son himself. When he calls to see you, I wish that you would mention this to him \u0026 also tell him that Col. Samuel L. Hayes is on the new Board of Visitors for your place.","I most sincerely hope that his son will get the appointment and if there is anything which I can do for him consistent with my duty as Professor, it shall be done with a great deal of pleasure.","Your brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAugust 3rd, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI arrived here yesterday in good health, and expect to leave for the North this evening, via Lexington. There are about five hundred visitors here at present, and the accommodations are nearly exhausted, and in a few days it is quite possible that persons from necessity will be turned off. I hope that Stark has quite recovered. Remember me very kindly to all the family, and to all other enquiring relatives and friends. Say to Mrs. [Hillie/Hellee] that I saw Judge Brockenbrough, but that as he is not a Freemason, I shall try elsewhere. I expect to be in Staunton tomorrow and hope to be able to find some influential Mason there who will attend promptly to the business. I endeavored to do so when coming through Staunton, but did not succeed. I intend to press the matter until some definite action shall have been taken upon the subject.","Say to Dr. Bosworth that I saw John1 yesterday, and that he was well with the exception of a sore leg. I asked him if he had written home, and he said that he had not done so, that he did not wish to, because of his leg being sore. I advised him to write and say nothing about his leg as it would be better to let them hear from him, though he should say nothing in respect to this. His leg did not appear to trouble him much, he was going about the encampment and did not appear much lame. He told me that he would write. If you should say anything to the Doctor about John's leg, tell him to have no concern about it. But probably it would be best to say nothing about the subject of health. I am scarce of paper. Tell Miss Eliza that she must be on the look out for something in relation to me, and in reference to which she called my attention.","Your brother, \nThomas","Say to Doctor Bosworth that I did not hand in the list for John, because of its having already been done.","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 19th, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nSometime since when Mr. Tanner the Daguerreian was passing through here on his way to Beverly, I availed myself of his kindness to send you and Grace and Thomas the little purchases which I made last summer and I hope that they reached you safely. I should have sent Father's miniature also, but upon reflection thought it would be better to defer doing so until a more favorable opportunity should present itself. I hope that Mr. Tanner called to see you, he is a very worthy person and one in whose integrity I have much confidence. The weather here is beautiful and I am enjoying like. To me my wife is a great source of happiness. She has those requisites of which I used to speak to you, and sends her love to you. Tell Mrs. [Hillie] that I have not yet learned the result  result of the application; but that it shall be followed up until some answer shall be obtained.","In my last letter, I spoke of being in Philadelphia. We remained there from Saturday until Monday, when we proceeded to West Point where I was delighted with my easy associations: The beautiful plains, the frowning ruins of Fort Putnam, the majestic river, and magnificent scenery all conspired to enhance my happiness which had already been of a high order. The ladies1 also were much pleased with it.","After remaining there until about 12 o'clock next day, we resumed out route for Niagara Falls. This of all natural curiosities is the most sublime and imposing which has ever come under my observation. We put up at the Cataract House, which is on the American side, and the next morning crossed over to Goat's Island which separates the Falls into two parts, that point on the East of the Island is called the Transcript\nAmerican Falls and that on the West side the Canadian. The latter is much the larger, by reason of the greater quantity of water which passes down on this side of the island. The Canadian falls are called the horseshoe falls from their resemblance to a horseshoe, the toe being up stream. When looking at this wonder of nature I desired to be left to my own interrupted thoughts, it lulls the mind and forbids interruption, it calls on the mind for its entire and undivided contemplation. More of this in my next. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. the family and all enquiring friends \u0026 relatives.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 30th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that upon the receipt of this that you will be induced to break your long silence. Do not think that because I am married that I would not be glad to receive a letter from you. I am going to the wedding of one of my old bachelor friends this evening. His name is Massie1, a graduate of the Va. Mil. Institute; the lady is Miss Sophonisba B. McDowell, daughter of the late governor McDowell.","At present my health is influenced by a cold in the head; but to such things in my own case, I attach but little importance, for with care they are dissipated in a few days. My wife is in good health, and sends her love to you \u0026 the family.","Things here are working smoothly, the weather is fine, and I am much pleased with the coming prospects. Give my love to Mr. A. and the rest of the family. Tell Mrs. Hillie that I saw the gentleman to whom I made application in her case, but a few days since, and that he that he had not been able to do anything for her as yet, but on account of the recent expenses of the lodge; but that he was certain that he would get twenty dollars at least, and that he would be in Richmond this winter, and that he would bring her case before the grand lodge of the State. But tell her not to be too sanguine about success for fear that she may be disappointed. In my opinion, something will be done for her, but how much it is impossible to say.","I believe that at the close of my last letter I was making some remarks upon Niagara, and I had probably finished them. After leaving there, we proceeded in a carriage down the Niagara River for a few miles to Lewiston, where we took a steamer and proceeded to cross Lake Ontario on our way to the St. Lawrence River, and at dawn the next morning we were around a cluster of islands called the thousand islands, which present an extremely beautiful aspect and they are probably a thousand in number, some almost covered by bare and rugged rocks and crops and the other beautifully varied with forests of Northern growth. I enjoyed the scene much! Very much! During the day, we passed through the perilous rapids of that remarkable river. In passing one of them we took on board a special pilot of large an athletic dimensions. After thus passing a very pleasant day, we arrived safely at Montreal. To be remembered to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends is the request of your only brother, \nThomas ","P.S. You may form some idea of one of the rapids from the circumstance that though we were on a high decked steamer, yes the spray was thrown extremely over her prow and so as to fall upon her deck.","Lexington, Va. \nFebruary 14th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour long looked for letter arrived at last. I am much pleased at having another niece and hope that she may prove as pretty and interesting as Grace. I hope that you may not have a return of the sore mouth, but that better health may bless you than in past years.","It is very singular that Mr. Tanner neglected to give you the things entrusted to him, possibly he changed his route after having seen me and did not pass through Beverly.","I wish that I could get Tom some suitable books here. I may have an opportunity of getting some by the time that any person from this place goes to Beverly.","I send you a lock of Ellie's hair which she reluctantly parts with because of its color, which she hopes may prove more acceptable to your taste than it has ever been to hers. My message to you is that you must prize it very highly as being the token of a sister's love and from a brother's wife.","Send us a lock from your hair and also one from Grace. Tell her to give me the prettiest she has so that I may look at it when I am so far off that I cannot see her pretty face. Tell her furthermore that I have told her Aunt that Grace is very pretty \u0026 her conduct much as good as her face.","I have not yet heard of any money being collected for Mrs. Hillie and I feel uneasy about it; yet I have strong reassurances that something will be done, and I shall press the matter until a definite answer shall have been obtained, and the result I will inform Mrs. Hillie of immediately. Ellie joins me in love to you and the family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 4th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter was gladly received, and read. Permit me to congratulate myself on being the Uncle of another niece as pretty as Grace. I hope that you will accept my kindest congratulations and give the same to Mr. Arnold. As yet I have heard nothing of Mr. Tanner.","I hope that Mrs. Hillie is improving in health. I am anxious about her claim, no recent account has been given me in reference to it. Should nothing be reported to me before summer, I shall go to Staunton in person and see about it. Until that time my occupation requires me to be at the Institute.","We have recently been called to mourn the death of my mother-in-law, she without any apparent uneasy concern passed in to that unseen world where the weary are at rest. Her life was such as to attract around her many warm friends, and if she had any enemy in this world it was and continues to be a secret to me. Hers was a Christian life and hers was a Christian death. She had been afflicted with rheumatism for several months previous to the close of her life and on Saturday preceding her death she had the return of hernia which had formerly afflicted her. On the 23rd of February about 3 o'clock P.M. her husband told her that her end had come. She asked how long she could live and he told her two or three hours, and although the Physicians had the same day pronounced her symptoms favorable, she appeared perfectly reconciled. She said that she was not afraid to die and that she found Jesus precious to her soul. [text at left margin] She asked us to kiss her and told her children to live near to Jesus and to be kind to one another. When asked by one her daughters what they should do without her, she replied that the Lord would provide. She was strongly attached to her family and [they] to her; yet she appeared to have no concern about what would become of herself or family, such was her complete confidence in the promises of the Bible. She felt assured that God would provide for her family and she felt that she was going to her saviour, with whom she expected to enjoy unending happiness. Her death was no leaping into the dark. She died with the bright hope of an unending immortality of happiness.","My sister, Oh! That you could thus live, then might you thus die. Do you not remember how much you are concerned about your children when you apprehend the approach of a dying hour. Do my sister turn to God and cast all your care in Jesus. I believe that you had our Mother's and Warren's prayers and now you have mine, and more than mine. My Dear Sister, do seek religion.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family, my wife sends her love also.","Remember me to all enquiring relations and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 7th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nAs I received your letter day before yesterday, and was desirous of answering it by the return mail, I could only say a few words. I am not certain whether the physician mentioned in your letter, was the same I have heard of as the lecturer in the North, or not; if he is, as I before stated, I should not much admire his character, though he might be a good doctor notwithstanding. Yet I would not like such a man for my physician, if I could get a good physician whose moral character would receive my approbation. If this is not the lecturer, I know nothing about him.","I hope that by the time you receive this that your health will have much improved. But my sister, be that as it may, do turn to God, and obey the teachings of the Bible. If you do not believe its teachings at least obey its doctrines and I believe that God will give you faith. Make but the effort, and resolve to do what it teaches to the close of life, and then you may expect death to be disrobed of its terrors. Remember that you have your brother's prayers, and I hope those of several members of my wife's family, and I believe that you also received the prayers of our Mother and Brother.","I received a letter a few days since from Aunt Clementine Neale. She and Uncle Alford had been south to see Uncle Thornton and Wirt, but a short time before they reached Uncle Thornton's Wirt had gone to California. She tells me that Wirt is a very tall man, and that Uncle Thornton has a very high opinion of him. Uncle Minor's wife lost her last husband in New Orleans some months since and she is consequently again thrown upon her father's protection. I have also received a letter from Uncle John White; his health has improved and that of his family is generally good. Uncle George White's family at last account was well.","My dear sister do try and follow your Brother's council now and remember that this letter is prayed over by him, that it may be the means of your eternal happiness. Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA \nApril 11th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nLast night I received a letter from Uncle John White, in which the states that Uncle Madison is not willing to have Uncle Cummins' property sold so far as to pay off his (Cummins) debts and that Madison is opposed to having the mills rented out again, but is trying to get them into his own hands, and he already had got the negroes from Jacob Jackson. Uncle John thinks that the property ought to be sold so far as to pay off Uncle Cummins' debts and the remainder to be divided among the heirs, and I think that such is the proper course. He offers to do the best he can for you and me provided we wish him to do so. I have offered to give him my interest as an heir because I was afraid that in going to law I might spend more than my interest would be worth. I wish you would let Uncle John know whether he shall do anything for you or not. I hope that by this time all is well with you. Ellie joins me in love to yourself and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI have in vain waited for your reply to several letters; if you can not write barely enclose me your card or anything to tell me that you are still among the living. Doctor White left your presents for me with a friend of mine and they have come safely to hand and for which I am much obliged. I regret that he did not call and see me or at least let me know of his being in town in order to give me an opportunity of seeing him and it would have given me an opportunity of returning father's miniature. I have not seen Mr. Tanner since he passed through Beverly; but I suppose that he delivered to you some books for Thomas.","Tell Mrs. Hilley that I have not been able to get anything for her as yet, but that the necessary steps have been taken and that we must await the result which she shall be made acquainted with.","I am a candidate for the Professorship of Mathematics in the University of Va. I am well pleased with my present position, yet the other is more desirable both by reason of its being more prominent, and its being about three thousand dollars. The professor is elected by the Board of Visitors for the University of Va.","We have had some very cold weather here during the past few days but at present it is very fine.","My wife has had the left side of her face partially [paralyzed]1","Your brother, \nThomas","P.S. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and inquiring relations and friends. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nMay 2nd 1854","My Dear Sister, \nI chanced to be at the Hotel yesterday when Doctor White was passing through town and was much pleased at meeting him; it served to some extent the purpose of seeing you; as I thereby had an opportunity of seeing someone who had recently been with my sister. He told me that you had written to me and after the Post Office had opened I received your letter. The mass of which you speak I would send to you, had the Doctor not have procured it before seeing me, he told me that he had found it in the shop of some doctor as he was coming to Lexington. Should you wish any more at any time, let me know and I will procure it for you. I do hope that little Tom is free from that dreadful disease the scrofula. I trust that your apprehensions may prove groundless but it always best to be wide awake, and not permit ourselves to be taken by surprise.","I hope that your health may continue to improve. The poor little Babe what can be the matter with it? I suppose that it is difficult to decide in so young a child, but let us hope for the better while we continue to be prepared for the worst.","Ellie's face has not yet entirely recovered; but I am of the opinion that time will effect a perfect restoration.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all enquiring relatives and friends. Tell Thomas and the other children, that I love them, and that they must be good children. Ellie joins me in love to you all.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. Tell Thomas that I am sorry that he is sick, and that I wish that I could do something for him. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 12th, 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour sorrowful letter came safe. Your loss is one which I have never been called upon to bear up under; I can well conceive of the tender union which is thus sundered. You have my sympathy [note 1] and I wish I could point you successfully to the source of consolation. I have [entrusted?] the hair to Ellie's keeping. I am not certain that we will be able to come to Beverly this summer; though, should we do so, I will write to you before hand. I am glad to hear that the other children are doing so well. Enclosed is the ribbon. I hope that it will please you, it was the prettiest that Ellie could find. Should there be any other article that I can procure you, it will give me pleasure to do so. I am not certain about my election; but be the result as it may, my friends have acted nobly in my cause.  [note 2] I am very much pressed at this time with studies and letter writing; though a few more weeks will close our session. Tell Doctor B. that his son is in good health. All of my wife's family are at home now, with the exception of one brother, who is in Pa. One of her brothers who is a lawyer in Philadelphia has brought home his bride; having married last Thursday.","I am endeavoring to get an answer about Mrs. Hilley's money: and if I do not get it soon I shall go and see about it in person, and will have the matter settled either one way or the other. Remember me to her and to all my other friends.","Your brother \nT. J. Jackson \nRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to my other relations. \nTJJ","[Note 1 - Reference to the death of Laura's infant daughter, Laura Zell Arnold (b. Dec. 1853 d. May 1854).]\n[Note 2 - Reference to Jackson's pending application for a professorship at the University of Virginia. Shortly after this letter was written, the University's Board awarded the position to another candidate.]","My Dear Sister, \nEllie \u0026 myself hope to be with you this day week (Saturday).","I wish you would say to Mrs. Hillie that I have failed in my efforts to procure her any assistance. I much regret this. I do not know of any person belonging to the Staunton Lodge who would have been more likely of success than Mr. Watts, the gentleman to whom I entrusted it.\nYour Brother Thomas ","My dear Laura, \nThe Major is so busy with his duties at the Institute that he has commissioned me to finish this letter for him. Indeed, I have scarcely seen him today. He wishes me to say to you that he hopes you will not exert yourself by making any preparations to receive us; he does not want you to weary yourself or injure your health on our account. The weather is so extremely warm just now that we quite fear the ride in stage, but we hope to find it cooler further among the mountains.\nYours affect. \nEllie Jackson","Excuse this hasty note as I am much pressed with business. Mr. Bledsoe of Kentucky was elected at the University to the chair for which I was a candidate.","Healing Springs, Va. \nJuly 24th 1854","My dear Laura, \nWe intended to have written last week to you concerning our journey and safe arrival here, but it was postponed from day to day as such things often are. The journey over the mountains was exceedingly tiresome to me, as the road over the Cheat Mt. had been newly macadamized \u0026 the load was heavy for two horses. We had a very agreeable companion","[at top of page]","The Major says they did not know when they would make any mass at the Bath Alum, but he says if you want it he will direct them to send you a keg of it, but he expects the transportation will cost a good deal. companion with us, whose vivacity and intelligence beguiled our way very much. His name was Henry O. Middleton \u0026 he is a great land owner \u0026 speculator. Much of his talk was about land. It was nine o'clock when we reached Monterey and we left it at two in the morning, so we did not have very much rest-- but by lying down on the seat with my head on the Major's knees \u0026 Mr. Middleton's overcoat for a pillow I rested somewhat \u0026 did not feel the jolting so terribly as I did sometimes. At Yager's where we dined, they had according to the Major's request a fine dish of trout and I can assure you we did full justice to them. We did not go all the way to Staunton on Saturday, but stopped 15 miles short of it at Dudley's. From there the landlord brought us over to Oakland on the other turnpike. There we stayed over Sunday and on Monday evening we took the stage again. That night we slept at Cloverdale \u0026 the next day we came on here, stopping to breakfast at the Bath Alum.","The Major inquired there for the mass according to your wish but they had none and were making none. There were very few visitors there.","We reached these Springs about noon on Tuesday. A good many people have come since we did and now I suppose there are 50 or 60 here. The water is disagreeably warm to drink, but is very pleasant to bathe in. I drink about 5 glasses a day \u0026 the Major drinks more. They keep an excellent table and we get the very nicest brown bread, plenty of venison \u0026 other meat and twice they had tomatoes, but they were brought from Richmond. They have been examining my face this morning \u0026 I think it is a little improved.  I let the water run over it when I was in the bath. The Major thinks the water is doing him good. He joins with me in sending love to you \u0026 the children \u0026 compliments to Mr. Arnold.","Yours Affect.\nE.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 14th 1854","My dear sister \nYou must excuse this short letter and also my not having written to you at an earlier day, for my eyes have become so bad as to make me very careful with them. You wrote to me that should your health not prevent your coming to see me that I might have expected your arrival several days since. I went to the Hotel to see whether you had attempted such a journey. Though I would like to see you, and appreciate your very sisterly affection, yet I would not like for you to attempt coming over such a road, with all its harassments, so do not attempt it. When my next vacation vacation will enable me to leave (which I cannot do now without neglecting my duties) I trust that God will again permit me to see your face.","My Dear Ellie thought to pass over the stage route from here to Beverly was a hard undertaking for her. After she returned home she was pleased with her visit. She has now gone on a glorious visit though through a gloomy portal. Her companion are of the glorified Host. I look forward with delight to the day when I shall join her. Religion is all that I desire it to be. I am reconciled to my loss and have joy in hope of a future reunion where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest. I am much obliged to you for you kind desire to come and stay with Ellie.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lex. Va. \nFeby 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI have learned with pleasure that your health has improved and I hope that you may not for many a day to come {need} any more medicine. I have gone to both of our book stores but in neither one could be found the books which you require. If you desire it and will let me know I will get one of our merchants when in Philadelphia next month to get them if they are to be had. The spelling book is here but the others I doubt whether they will ever be here unless specially ordered.","I have just written to Wirt I to have done so some time since but have been prevented by my eyes. He is at Mount Vernon Indiana where he recently returned from California. He saw hard times and was glad to get back even with his life, though he brought some money $340 dollars.","My eyes are improving but still I have to be careful with them, the spots continue to float before them. I am obliged to you for your kind suggestion not to hurt them even in writing to you. Maggie has been in Philadelphia for about three months for her health. Is there anything of Dear Ellie's which you would like to have, her pencil, her glasses or anything else?","Love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, Thomas.","[Note: the last page of this document contains a handwritten copy of a letter not in our collection]","Lexington Va \nJanuary 24th 1854","My Dear Sister \nMy eyes have improved so that I hope to be able sometim next month to write you a letter.  I received your letter yesterday.  Maggie is in Philadelphia.","Your affectionate \nbrother Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI sometime since received a letter from Wirt in which he stated that he was at Uncle Alfred Neales, and that he intended going to your house as soon as the weather should settle. He requested me to answer him immediately directing my letter to him at Beverly. I at once replied and I suppose that the letter has reached its destination ere this. He writes a good hand and a sensible letter. He expresses his intention of going to California or his desire to do so. This I","[text below continues from page 4; it appears on the left and top margins of page 1]","here but I am unable to select for fear that you may have them or that they may not suit your taste. Remember me very kindly to Wirt when he arrives, to Mr. A., to all the family and to all enquiring friends and relatives.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","hope he will relinquish. I am inclined to the belief that he would probably do as well by making Civil Engineering his profession as at any thing else to which he could turn his attention under present circumstances. But of this I can not speak definitely. He must judge of this for himself. Try and get him to stay with you if you can, until I come and get him to study arithmetic \u0026 geography and history: and for this purpose lend him Rollin's ancient history. If Wirt will study Latin I will give him lessons during the summer and put him in the way of learning it so that he can teach Thomas.","I will also if he will consent to do so give him instruction in the different sciences, of Algebra, Geometry and in Engineering and other branches of necessary education and bring with me the necessary books. If he thinks that it will take up too much time for a perfect education, he can take enough for an Engineer in the course of a few months. He can then commence the practice on some of our internal improvements. I have an idea that he might succeed well in this sphere of life. He could whilst practicing his profession make himself a good historian, but it would be the safer plan to get a good education before he commences the practice of the profession.","I hope that for the present Wirt will conclude to teach and then he can as he progresses with his education decide on his profession. I am anxious to know as soon as practicable his determination. I think that the plan of staying in Beverly and taking up a school is the proper one for him if all things are favorable to it, so far as obtaining Mr. Arnold's approbation and a moderate school. I send you two styles of writing but I would not advise the use of but one. If you will let me know which you have selected I can send you [some] others when wanted.","I bought four papers of seed, but can only find three. If you will name the kind of seed you want I think that I can probably get them for there is a variety","[end of letter appears in margin on page 1] ","Lex. Va. \nApril 4th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 30th ult. And Thomas' came by this days mail. I feared from what I recently heard that Wirt's mind had not entirely recovered. And as such appears to be the case from your letter, it might be dangerous for him to be closely confined. He told me in his letter that he was not qualified for any occupation except farming and that he did not have the means for this. I therefore make two offers to him. One is to purchase the farm worth a thousand dollars and let him go on it, and have all that he can make. The other is the system of education which I have already stated to you. Now if you can let him know this in such a manner as to be acceptable to him, I wish you to do so. If you think that such can not be done, then let me know it. He ought not to feel hurt at any assistance which I offer to give him, because he is my brother. Should he conclude to go on the farm, I want him to read during his spare time and having a good memory he can become a good historian. Should he prefer going on a farm, I think it would be well to select one in such a position as will enable him easily to dispose of his produce. He might in a few years be able to refund the money used. I would not charge him any interest. I have not got a thousand dollars on hand now; but expect to have in a few months. Wirt might be looking him out a place suitable farm so that when I come West we go together and see it.","I am sorry that your eyes are so much impaired, but hope that they will be better before this reaches you. I would recommend you to fill a basin full of water and put your face under the water and hold your eyes open in it as long as you can hold your breath. Just do this once whenever your eyes are very painful. This is the course which I am now pursuing. I do it about six times a day in cold water \u0026 the water should be as cold as when just drawn from the well or taken from the river. My eyes are quite bad at present. Don't write but make Thomas do it for you. I would be glad if Wirt would write to me. Tell Thomas that I shall answer his letter in a few days and that I am very thankful to him for it. Tell him that I am much pleased with his good spelling. I sent the primer and reader by the last mail. Give my love to all and the family and Wirt.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas ","Lexington, Va. \nJune 1st, 1855","My Dear Sister, \nDay before yesterday, I received a letter from Wirt written, at Uncle Alfred's. he says that his health had improved and that he ploughed nearly all the preceding day. He also stated that there is a school a short distance below the Island, and that he wants to go to school there when his health is sufficiently reestablished. He says that he likes Mr. Arnold \"very much\" and that you treated him \"like a brother.\" I am pleased with his letter, and if he continues at Uncle Alfred's, I want to visit him this summer. I should not for a moment suspect from his composition that his mind was injured. He speaks plainly and sensibly.","I hope that before this, you have recovered at least the usual use of your eyes and that all things are moving on pleasantly. How is Thomas getting along with his studies?","This a rainy day here, but is rather brighter that it was early in the morning. I have received the railing for dear Ellie's grave and this summer expect to take steps for the Tomb stones to be brought from Philadelphia. I intend to have them of Italian marble. The iron railing is neat and when I put it up it will be about three feet high.","Pure and lovely companion of my happier days, I feel that she has entered upon the blissful enjoyment of which the human mind cannot have a clear conception. Ere many long years roll by I hope to be with her, where there will be no more separation. We loved each other on Earth and shall that love be diminished in eternity I do not believe it, but on the contrary will be greatly enhanced. Had I one request on Earth to ask in accordance with my own feelings and apart from duty it would be that I might join her before the close of another day after this. I have many pleasures here, but I believe that there are greater in reserve beyond this life.","If you want me to bring any thing in July, let me know in your next.","Give me love to all the family \u0026 to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 18th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter post marked 10th Inst. came a few days after I had written to Mr. Watts of Staunton in reference to Mrs. Hilley and he tells me in his reply that the grand lodge could not do any thing for want of Jurisdiction and that the Staunton Lodge could not give assistance for want of funds. A recent house built by this lodge  has prevented any aid from this source. Mr. W. said \"We have purchased a very fine lodge room at a heavy expense, and all the means we can well share must go to pay for it.\" So you see how hopeless the case is. Say to Mrs. Hilley that I much regret this issue of the application. I had hoped that something would have been done, but as the Staunton and the grand lodges have both failed, I don't see that any thing is to be hoped for in this section of the state.","Julia last week purchased two collars for you but she could not find a suitable belt. I afterwards went in search of one, but with a similar result. There are plenty of them, but not such as please me, so I intend postponing the purchase until I reach Staunton. I could get a bonnet but I am afraid that it would get broken. I shall think it over when I am in Staunton. The [shawl] I have had no opportunity as yet of sending for. I shall try and bring you some slips from dear Ellie's flowers.","It will give me much pleasure to teach Thomas while I am with you. I have a few old clothes which I will take with me. I much obliged for your kindness in reference to the shirts but don't let any thing be touched until I see you.","Wirt has not written since your last.","Remember me very kindly to Mrs. Hilley \u0026 to Miss El[illegible] and to other enquiring friends.","Give my love to all the family. I hope that Aunt and Cousin John's health have improved.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Uncle Alfred's \nAugust 10th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nThe object of this note is to state that I was prevented from going on the Hall place. But I learned that she there are 637 1/2 acres to be sold on the 20th of this month. This land is composed of the Hall place, the School Croft place \u0026 the Thorpe place, none of which I wish to purchase. It is estimated that it will go at from three to five thousand dollars \u0026 is by all regarded as valuable property.","As my eyes continue weak you must excuse this brief letter. Wirt sends his love \u0026 thanks for the articles of clothing and says that he wants you to write to him, that he has only received that one short note from you though he has written several letters. Uncle's family are in usual health.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nSept. 3rd 1855","My Dear Sister, \nAs my eyes are still troubling me, you must excuse this brief note. I left Wirt on Thursday of week before last with the understanding that he would start for Missouri on the following Monday. There he designed going to farming on some land of mine which I am to purchase. He is to have some more schooling after he gets located, and I hope that he will do well. He was troubled about the promise which he made to you of paying you a visit. I advised him to go at once and select some place where he would like to live and that I would write to you. It was important that he should as soon as practicable get fixed in some pursuit. His mind was unsettled and flying from thing to thing, and it appears that the course he was prevailed on to take is the best for him. He had learned but very little at school previous to my going to the River. But with the start I gave him in grammar I hope that he will become a good grammarian. I want him to study spelling writing and grammar. I hope that you will write to me soon approving his course and excusing him from his promise. I feet well satisfied that you would do so when I counseled him at once to locate himself. Give my love to all the family.","Your affectionate brother","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter to Wirt appears to have had a good influence on him such as to induce him to relinquish his idea of returning to Indiana. Yet he has gone beyond what I authorized him to do by purchasing a farm at eight dollars per acre. I restricted him to seven at most. But notwithstanding if Cousin Wm. Neale will approve of the bargain I have determined to advance eleven hundred dollars. I well know that there is a risk but it appears to me that I ought to run this risk for him. He made the purchase without consulting Cousin Wm. and it may be that he has been cheated. I have written to Uncle Alfred to forward between seven and eight hundred dollars if he thinks it should be done, but with the condition that the contract is to be approved by Cousin Wm. and the deed to be made out in my name. Wirt says that he has paid ninety five dollars of the purchase money by selling his horse to the person from whom he purchased.","Mr. Thomas left for home yesterday and I left at the house where he was staying a testament for him to carry to Mrs. Hilley. It may possibly be that it was not delivered to him, please let me know whether Mrs. Hilley gets it. He was not in when I left the book and he told me afterwards that he had not received it, but I requested him to ask for it before leaving.","Tell Mr. Arnold that I want to get about two thousand acres of land warrant and ask him whether he could purchase me any if I were to forward the money and at about what price does he think it can be procured. I do not want to make any purchases until after Christmas as the general impression I believe is that the price will be lower about that time, but I would like to know what it is worth now. Tell him that my intention is to let the land lay after purchasing it for a number of years without selling it and that as the lands in Kansas are less culled over than those in the free states I will for the same amount of money get better land and that Kansas will almost certainly be a free state and this will give the advantage of a free state in selling should I years hence wish to dispose of them. Ask him what he thinks of these views. Tell him that I have been told there is considerable good land in Illinois still unappropriated and if so I want to lay warrants on some of it as it must ultimately command a high price.","I hope Mr. Campbell will come on and that you will be able to keep him. Aunt Clem told me in a recent letter that soon after my leaving she was laid up from","[end of letter appears in margin of this and previous pages]","Charly \u0026 Julia took prizes.","I received Dear Ellie's tomb stones today enclosed a draft of the head stone, it has a full blown rose and a rose bud on the top. William Junkin my youngest brother-in-law is to be married tomorrow to Miss Anna Anderson a lovely a pretty girl. Our synod was a delightful assembly. Your affectionate brother.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 6th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 29th Sept. came safely and I am obliged to you for your advise in regard to Wirt, and I agree with you in regard to the course to be pursued. I had previously taken precautions against any such consequences as you refer to. My arrangement with regards to the purchase of land is this. That he should go out and make a selection of such a farm as would fulfill certain conditions, and previous to the purchase the transaction must be approved by Uncle Alfred Neale in the event of his being in Missouri at the time, if not then Cousin William Neale must approve of it. Upon complying with all the conditions, Uncle Alfred Neale is to forward endorse a note which I left in his hands and after getting the money out of the Bank to forward a check for it on [N. T.?] payable to the order of Cousin William Neale. And when the deed is made out in my name Cousin William is to pay the money. So the money is entirely beyond Wirt's control. Cousin Wm. Neale has advised Wirt to do as you recommended, viz. to raise stock \u0026 I suppose that he will do so.","When Wirt shall have purchased land, then I expect to furnish him some money to enable him to work it. This he may be able to dispose of, but I will be on my guard about entrusting him with it if there is any danger of [Will?/him?] going back to Uncle Thornton's","I am thankful to you for having written a plain letter to Wirt upon his conduct. I have received a letter from Wirt dated Sept. 19th in which he states that he had reached William Neale's but in going up the Mississippi River the boat was s[wamp?]ed and he left his berth to go forward leaving his purse under his pillow and when he returned it was gone. He says that the country is very healthy. But that improved land is worth from 25 to 30 dollars per acre. Cousin Wm. has advised him to go elsewhere and he is going to look at the lands of Johnson County. He expresses himself pleased with the country and I hope that he may do well. I do not want him to go into a free state if it can be avoided for he would probably become an abolitionist and then in the event of trouble between the N \u0026 S he would stand on one side and we on the opposite. Tell Mr. Arnold that next year I want to go West and make investments in land and would be glad could he go along and make some purchases for himself if he desires to make such.","[end of letter in margins of this and previous pages]","William Woodson says that he acknowledges his obligation to assist Wirt but that he is not able. I agree with him that land in a free state rises most rapidly. But I have a scheme on hand which I think approve of and which I will give in my next.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Nov. 3rd 1855","I wish that you would not omit to let me know Mr. Arnold's views in your next and whether he thinks that he will go with me and the prospect of buying say one thousand acres of land warrant \u0026 the price per acre.","I wrote to James Dicks a few days since, and the reference to his putting up stones at Brother Warren's grave, and I wish that you would drop him a line as soon as convenient giving the days of his birth and death. If you have my letter upon the subject of his death you may find one of the dates from it.","I got Aunt Coty Williams to go with me to Father's and our sisters graves and made arrangement with her for having the graves fixed up so far as renewing the Earth over them and I hope that before a [great while?] we shall be able to erect stones.","The Cadets have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond but are expected to be home today.","T.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nNov. 13th 1855","[fragment; only top portion exists]","...it as he was going West to buy land, and gave his note payable in two months. So your....","[fragment; only top portion exists]","-pects be applied as I originally designed. He wrote to me that he could get two hundred dollars for his bargain and if so will have done well by the purchase and sale of it again. I don't know what to do about him. I told him at the time that I made the proposition not to accept of it unless he felt it would be to his interest, and I wrote in reply to his letter expressing the advantages that Indiana offered, that if he was dissatisfied with our engagement not to consider himself bound by it.","Cousin Hardin Neale it appears is really consumptive.","Remember me very affectionately to all the family and very kindly to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nChristmas 1855","My Dear Nephew, \nYour letter has given me pleasure in various ways. I am glad to know that you can find time from your play to write me so good a letter and hope that you will write frequently. I am sorrowed that your mule should have been so unmannerly as to throw you off \u0026 even after doing this should kick you, but now since your Pa has sold him all such accidents I hope will be avoided for the future.  I remember having once been served pretty much the same way by one of those kicking creatures. It happened in this way I went with Cousin Wm. Brake whom your mother can tell you about to bring some mules home one Sunday Morning, and as I was riding down a long hill somehow or other I not only got over the mark across his shoulders but he got me over his head and jumped clear over me and way he went \u0026 from that day to this I have not been very fond of mule riding. You know they kick out to one side like a cow.","I have corrected your letter \u0026 believing that you would understand the corrections better if I returned the letter with the corrections I have concluded to return it with this. And now I am not going to look over my letter, and I expect that there are some mistakes in it \u0026 if so I wish when you read it that you would point them out to your Pa or Ma and tell me of them when you next write, and if there are many you can just correct them, and return the letter thus corrected. I hope that you will get to a good school this Winter. I saw Doctor Bosworth this morning at the Hotel or Tavern in Town. He is up paying his son John a visit during the Christmas holidays \u0026 I wish that you would go \u0026 tell Mrs. Bosworth that I saw him \u0026 tell her also that John is well.","The Doctor told me that he thought that you would have a good teacher in Town this winter. I hope that you will get enough money to buy a calf and that you will grow up to be a good \u0026 wise man.","Give much love to your Father, Mother, Grace \u0026 Stark.","Your affectionate Uncle \nThomas","Jany 14th 1856","My Dear Aunt, \nYour letter enclosing Wirt's \u0026 its accompanying bonds came safely. And in reply I would state that I even desire that my feelings may never get the better of my judgement. And certainly from all the light now before me it would be in violation of my judgement to aid Wirt until he gives evidence of being a reliable and straight forward person. Though he promised in his letters to give a portion of each to [parsing?] as I had taught him. Yet he has not so much as attempted anything in any of his letters, and it appears ","[top margin text is end of letter, see page 2]\nunless they are responsible persons. that though he promised you not to purchase the watch, yet he violated his promise to you and excused himself by saying that the man made him do so. For the present and until he satisfies me that it would be proper to give him aid I must decline doing it. But it will give me pleasure to assist whenever I can do so with the consciousness that he will do what is right.","Tell uncle that I am anxiously looking for the check from him on New York City as I want to forward funds there as soon as practicable. Much love to uncle and to all the family. Please let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate nephew, \nThomas","I return one of Wirt's papers and will return the others letter hereafter. The deed is to be made to Wirt \u0026 this not until is directly the reverse of his obligations \u0026 the time of making the deed is deferred until the last purchase money shall be paid \u0026 then if they cannot make it, there it ends unless they are responsible persons.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI expect that you have been expecting a letter for several mails as I am several mails behind my time, and acting upon the principle that late is better than never I have concluded to appropriate a portion of this afternoon to a little talk with you.","My paper you see is variegated with colors by obviously not much beautified by such acquisition. This varied appearance has resulted not from color but from the absence of color produced by spilling some nitric acid on it \u0026 it has given me about a [illegible] of the same stamp. Tell Thomas he must never give up his Latin grammar nor his English either. That if he perseveres that he may expect to find both of great use after awhile. Tell him that his uncle had to study hard for years at more difficult things than the Latin \u0026 grammar and that after he learns it, that it will all be very easy. Tell him also that I want a letter from him when he finds time to write. But he must make himself perfect master of his spelling book and grammar now when he is young and then he may expect to write correct letters, but without knowing these two books he can hardly expect to write correctly. Because all correct writing must have the words spelled correctly and written grammatically.","How is cousin John getting? I have not yet written to him, but if your next letter brings the news of his life being prolonged I think that I will try and write very soon after. My time is taken up during the day and I am afraid to write at night. But my eyes are improving. I have no recent news of Wirt at least for several weeks \u0026 I do not know where he is. The last I heard from him was through a letter written to Aunt Clem. Cousin Hardin appointed Uncle Alfred his administrator. If Cousin John is still living, give him my warm remembrances \u0026 hope that the visions of the future may grow brighter until faith is lost in reality of those joys which passeth all understanding. Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has come safely, and I am glad to learn that you are in such an exuberant flow of spirits and hope that such much may long continue.","I received, and answered your other letter in regard to the tombstones at Brother Warren's grave. But as I usually answer letters from recollection, thus saving my eyes from rereading, I forgot ","[end of letter from page 4 appears on margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","to answer that particular inquiry, but remembered it afterwards and should have answered it. In this: I wish to put stones to his grave and also to Father's \u0026 sister's, and also to Mother's if I knew certainly the spot, but it appears to me that it would be best to put all up at the same time during the coming year. But if you would prefer having Warren's put up now, write to Jas. Dicks \u0026 ask him to do so, and pay him the twelve dollars, and ask Doctor Bosworth if it will not suit him to let you have my part of the expense and let me pay it over to Colonel Smith here the same amount for him, it will save him the risk of the losing it by mail, in the event of his sending his money by mail. But should it not be convenient for the Doctor to do so, and you can spare the money until I shall have an opportunity of getting a check I will forward it to you and should there be other expenses beyond twelve dollars I will share them with you.","The congregation here to which I belong have objects to which they subscribe of much more importance to them than your Academy can be, that I am well satisfied that your application would meet with little or no favor here, and I would advise that no effort should be made. We have six annual contributions, and then certain others which are first recommended by over session, and I am well satisfied that the session would consider other objects as more demanding their recommendation than the academy. You need not be afraid of the opposing party doing anything here if they were to do so it would give me an opportunity which I would embrace if at home of urging your claims.","[end continues margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1856","My Dear Nephew, \nNow for a letter to you, but I would much rather talk to you if you were here, but as I can't talk with you I do not intend biting off my nose by delaying myself the pleasure of writing. Thanks to you for your correction of my letter. And now let us see how many errors you can find in this yours. And now let us read your letter together, and let us number the wrong words. No (1) means to exclude, you wished to tell me to receive, just the reverse of this, and should have said accept. No. 2 should begin with the capital E because the word is an adjective derived from the name of a nation. No. 3 should for the same reason begin with L. No. 4 should be piece, look in your dictionary for both words piece \u0026 peace. No. 5 wants an e at the end. I hope that your finger has perfectly recovered. I am much pleased with your letter and want you to write often. Your little sealing wax experiment had much gratified me. And now I hope that you will put all the words which I corrected for you down on a separate piece of paper and memorize them safely so that when I next visit you they can all be repeated by you, Grace and Stark.","I am glad to see them doing so well in their studies. And if you study your Latin grammar well, I think that you will be apt to like it after you become well acquainted with it. We generally like those things best which we can do the best. We usually find that the little boy who can run faster than any other boy fond of running races and the one who can read the best of any in his class fond of reading. And the man who can talk better and speak better than others fond of talking and speaking. I want to see you a good talker, but especially a good speaker and your Latin is very important in making you a good speaker, and so study it with all your might. Besides the correction of my letter let us see if you can correct these words viz.: ","[end of letter continues on margins of page 1]","Philadelfia, Pensilvania.","Give much love to all the family.","Your affectionate \nUncle Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMay 12th, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nThanks for your letter and excuse me for not having answered it sooner. I have been unsuccessful in procuring seed as our seed seller of last year did not bring them on this year. But the apothecary chanced to have a few on hand from which I have selected two papers. The assortment is very poor and small.","I wish that you would drop a note to Mr. Criss or to Cousin Elizabeth and see whether he could not see to putting up the stones at the graves of Father \u0026 Sister, and ask what they will come to including the cost of putting them up. And if you can get it attended to I will advance the money at any time for the purpose but before closing the terms let me know because if they are not as good as I can get elsewhere I had better have it done. But it appears to me that all the","[part of end of letter appears on this page]","be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you. probabilities are in favor of getting it done cheaper in by Mr. Criss than I could get it done abroad from Clarksburg. I have not been able to ascertain the cost of railing for you but intend writing to Phil. about it. The railing around Ellie's grave was about one dollar and a half per foot.","Maggie left for Phil. last Saturday. I received a letter from Wirt in which he expresses his probable intention of going West again and I understand from his language that he means California; as he speaks of going over the plains or some such phraseology. I have been trying to find his letter but have not succeeded at this time. I fear that I will not get to Beverly this summer as I am very anxious to go direct to Washington City, \u0026 begin my work of finding out and locating land and as I may have much to do in the West in endeavoring to find out the best land ","[end of letter in margins of page 1 and 2]","all my time may be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you.","Let me hear from you soon. I hope that Thomas has received my letter.","Your much attached brother, \nThomas","We have had a great revival of religion here.","Lexington \nMay 19th/56","My Dear Aunt, \nYou may ere this have wondered at my long silence. And it has not resulted from not having thought of you, but this year like the past has been much occupied with my professional duties and I have not yet finished a new book which I am teaching this year on astronomy. But by the way I think that you are a letter in my debt. But with those I love I don't wish to stand on formalities, and you see from the size of my paper that you are not to be troubled with a long epistle.","And you are probably by this time beginning to think that he has not much to say or else he would commence setting about it. But such is not the case, for we have such an outpouring of the Spirit of God in our churches here as I never remember of having seen elsewhere. Your branch of the church has recently been increased though I can not say how much. The Episcopal church about a week since took in nearly twenty five and from present appearances I suppose that about fifty will join the Presbyterian church in a few days when we are to have our commission. The Baptist church is also being blest, and I think that we may reasonably expect more than one hundred from this revival. I feel very thankful to God for such divine blessings.","I wish that Laura was here. I want you dear Aunt to make her one of the number for whom you regularly pray. What answer did she give you in regard to your very kind and Christian letter to her. Pray that the Glorious work of grace here may go on. Laura appears to be blest with unusual good health this summer. I wrote to Wirt sometime since a letter of very plain talk about the same that I wrote to you in regard to him. It was the result of a letter which he wrote to me. I thought that in reply I had better be plain even though he should take offence. For he would then see that I only wish to have business transactions with persons who were entirely reliable. Please give much love to Uncle \u0026 to all the family. Remember that I attach unusual importance to your letters.","Your affectionate nephew \nThomas","June 6th 1856","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came safely. And I begin my reply now though I shall not mail it until Monday. As yet I have not heard from Phil. in regard to the railing, but I may do so by the time of forwarding this. In regard to the tomb stones, I wish as soon as you receive an answer in reference to them, and shall have determined on the price \u0026 the time that they are to be put up you would let me know because in the event of their being put up before September I must make my arrangements before starting West. And I wish to know the amount as I desire to employ all of my spare funds in the purchase of lands. Doctor Bosworth will pay you fifteen dollars for me, in return for money which he wrote to me to give his son John this coming summer, but it will not be due until sometime in July as he proposed returning it to me in Beverly this summer supposing that I would visit Beverly. And if the man comes to Beverly as I suppose he does from his furnishing stones for Cousin John's grave, had I not better send the money to you and get you to pay him, getting Cousin Criss to see that he does the work properly. I expect Col. Augustus Smith here this month from Clarksburg and if you can't arrange the matter otherwise, I may be able to arrange it through him.","In reference to Wirt, I am interested in his welfare and had he followed my advice I feel that he would most certainly have been benefited by it. I wrote to him not long since in answer to a letter from him. Ask Mr. Arnold if there is anything which I can do for him this summer in the way of locating land warrants or otherwise. Tell him that my present purpose is to go to Washington from here and after finding out all that I can there in reference to Western lands, to pass into Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and probably Arkansas and say to him that I design following out Transcript\nhis idea of locating some land in a Northern state, but that I am a little afraid to put much there for fear that in the event of dissolution of the Union, that the property of Southerners may be confiscated. I want to locate about three thousand acres, maybe a little more, and if I can please myself will probably put down about one half of it in a Northern state. I would be thankful for suggestions from Mr. Arnold if he has any to make. As yet I have not purchased \nThis is Monday afternoon and no news as yet in regard to the railing by my next letter you may expect to hear about the cost.","Remember me very kindly to all the family. I hope that Thomas is doing well in his Latin and English grammar.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI sail in the steam ship Asia for Europe at 12 o'clock today for Liverpool. The reasons for doing so I will give in my next. I gave John Bosworth an order on the Lexington book for thirty dollars and requested that the money should be returned to you. This will do for Father's and sister's graves. Don't ask Mr. Arnold for any money, but if you have not ten dollars to pay Jim Dix [?] for Brother Warren's, you may expect me to advance it when I return next fall.","Much love to all","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Ship Asia at Sea \nJuly 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou have doubtless been surprised at my sudden leaving for Europe instead of going West to purchase or locate land. You may remember that in 1851 I had a nine months leave of absence for the purpose of visiting Europe, but that Col. Smith induced me to relinquish the idea for the time, holding out to me an opportunity at some future time, and that I accordingly did postpone my comtemplate[d] trip.","This year as the time for going West drew near, I became more and more discouraged in regard to investing money in such distant lands, and a gentleman with whom I conversed and who has had much experience told me that he did not think it a safe and profitable investment. Another friend told me that he had come very near losing a part of his, in consequence of his being so far off as to interfere with his giving sufficient attention to it. And I have rather concluded to keep my money invested in stocks of different kinds and thus get my dividends regularly and trust to the blessing of Providence for gradually increasing my worldly goods.","Thus circumstanced I a few days before starting concluded that an opportunity was now offered of going to Europe which would probably never again be presented to me. What should I do with the two months this before me was a question which I did not know how to solve satisfactorily. You are a very kind and affectionate sister. Yet even with you I would be reminded of the loss of that happiness which I once enjoyed with Dear Ellie. So I have to some extent torn myself away from that state of mind which I feared should my summer have been passed at home or in the W. States.","I hope that you will be able to get up the tomb stones by the aid of thirty dollars from Dr. Bosworth. But don't ask anything of Mr. A and when I return I will let you have what ever may be wanting should you not be able to get along with what you have.","I expect to visit Liverpool, London, Paris, Genoa, Florence, Pisa, Rome, Naples, Brussels, Antwerp, Edinburgh, and some other points of interest. I wish you would write me a letter to N.Y. City during the first week of October. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family. Kindest regards to all inquiring relatives.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Naples \nSept 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou must excuse my long silence as I have been much pressed for time, and now barely hasten to drop you a line.","Since landing at Liverpool I have been at Glasgow, Sterling Castle \u0026 Edinburgh Scotland, York, London \u0026 other places in England; Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo \u0026 other places in Belgium. Since then I have passed through Aix La Chapellr, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main,[? going] ascended the Rhine.","From Frankfort I proceeded to Heidelberg and thence on to Baden Baden in Germany, Strasbourg in France, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Geneva \u0026 the city of Geneva in Switzerland, and so on to the great ice berg called Mer de Glas that is sea of ice. I continued in Switzerland for about a week and crossed the Alps by the Simplon Pass as it is called through which Napoleon entered Italy. The scenery of Switzerland is very grand.","Upon entering Italy I passed on through the cities of Milan, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn and finally to this place. With Venice, Florence and Naples I have been very much gratified. I was at the volcano of Vesuvius last Friday and went about half way down one of the active craters. The scene was truly grand this evening. I leave for Rome. Much love to all.","Your much attached brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 25th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI forwarded to you after returning home a few lines, and with pleasure now appropriate a few minutes to say where I have been during my absence. As to telling what I saw a volume of several hundred pages would be required, but should I ever be permitted to see you I trust that I will be able to pass several hours in narrating my travels.  I was unable to come through Beverly and see you. I was several days later returning home than I had designed.","After reaching Liverpool I passed town to the old town of Chester and then out to the Residence of the Marquis of Westminster. His house is called Eaton Hall. Afterwards I returned to Liverpool and preceded North into Scotland passing through Glasgow, Sterling and Edinburgh. After leaving Edinburgh I returned to England visiting York, the residence of Oliver Cromwell, the University of Cambridge \u0026 London city. I took a steamboat to the continent landing at Antwerp and passing on to Brussels, Waterloo, Aix la Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Coblentz, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Berne, Freiburg, [illegible], Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas (sea of ice) over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass. Milan, Verona, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Naples, Rome, Genoa, Marseilles, Lyons, Paris, Calais, London, Liverpool, N. York, home.","I could talk to you with much pleasure about the very many things of much interest. Tell Thomas that I intend answering his letter in a few days. I am much gratified that you are putting up the grave stones. Should you want any more funds let me know. I found two letters from Wirt waiting for me at home. I will send him a check for thirty dollars if I can get one on N. York for that amount.","[end of letter in bottom margin page 1]","Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington,Va. \nOct. 27th 1856","My very dear Aunt, \nIt is with pleasure that God again permits me to write to you from my adopted home. Your kindness and that of Uncle has not been forgotten but when you hear where I was during my short absence you will not be surprised at not hearing from me, as my time was even too short to see well what came within the range of my journey. After leaving Liverpool, I passed to Chester \u0026 Eaton Hall and from thence returning I visited Glasgow Lochs Lomond \u0026 [Katrine] Sterling Castle. Edinburgh, York, London, Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Aix La Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Freiberg, Geneva, Mer de Glas, over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass, Naples, Rome, Marseilles, Paris, London, Liverpool, home.","I would like to have a long talk with you all about the many interesting things which came under my observation, but must forgoe the pleasure for the present and to attempt to write about it would be unsatisfactory as a long letter would hardly touch upon the subject. You were doubtless surprised at my sudden determination not to go west but to go to the \"Old World.\" My friends discouraged me so much that about the time that I had contemplated starting as induced me not to go and as my summer was then left unappropriated it appeared as Providence had opened the way for my long contemplated visit and I am much gratified at having gone.","I have determined to send by the next mail a check to Wirt for thirty dollars and as I have not been able to get a check on N.Y. from any bank I have shall send one signed by myself on the person with whom my money is deposited. Should Wirt not be able to pass it, I have requested him to send it to Uncle Alfred hoping that Uncle will be able to get the Parkersburg bank to give a check in exchange. Should Uncle not be able to do so, please return it to me and I will write on to N. York and get a bill or check of deposit if necessary. I hope that their will be no occasion of forwarding it to Uncle. Give much love to uncle and to all the Family and remember that I am always glad to hear from you.","Your affectionate nephew, Thomas.","Lexington,Va. \nDec. 1st 1856","My dear Nephew, \nThanks for your letter. I am glad that your teacher has come on and that you are hard studying amo and that you came off so well at the exhibition and I trust that by the time I get to see you that you will know a great deal about Latin and those books which you have just purchased. Remember that this is the 1st day of Winter and that cold weather is the best time for study, and also the best time for taking much exercise and that the harder one studies, the more exercise he should take for it gives him a clear head and a healthy body.","I am much obliged to you all for sending those daguerreotypes \u0026 the sugar egg. I shall have much to talk about when we meet of the find paintings \u0026 sculpture, and beautiful countries through which I passed last summer. Tell Mr. Thomas when you have an opportunity that Mr. Lyle is much better and that he can walk about some in his room. And does your Pa like the new President Mr. Buch {Buchanan}.","While I was gone I saw some funny things too as well as pretty ones. I remember seeing in England in a town called Chester about 98 miles from Liverpool which I will mention presently as soon as I tell you that Chester is a town with a wall around it, and it and the city of York are about the only cities in England that are still walled and that the York walls are more recent than those of Chester and hence not so interesting as they don't tell us so much about the ancient Britons. It appears that the walls of Chester were built by the Britons in order to protect themselves from the Welsh who lived a little West of Chester. But now for that funny thing and what so you think it was. Well I went into their largest church (called a Cathedral) which once belonged to the Roman Catholics and there among many other things I saw a representation of the Devil in the shape of him swallowing a man feet foremost.","I never knew before that Old Nick lived on men and I saw some other things which I would like to talk to you about.","Write to me soon. Give much love to your Pa, Ma, to Grace \u0026 Stark and remember me to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 6, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI am glad to learn that you have secured a teacher \u0026 that she has been with you for some time, and I hope that she is such as you desire she should be. We have just been listening in our village to a series of lectures by Mr. O.P. Baldwin of Richmond. They were 4 in no., viz. \"Better time coming,\" \"Humbugs,\" \"Spirit Rappings,\" \u0026 \"Yankees \u0026 Southerners.\" As you may judge from their names they were more amusing than instructive. I heard the first three.","You would probably like to hear a little of my whereabouts during the past summer and I purpose on giving you a kind of journal should you so desire me. But should you get tired at any time just let me know. I believe that I said something to you in my last, but as I failed to take a note of my stopping points I shall again commence at Liverpool.","Leaving Liverpool the same day of my landing I proceeded to the city of Chester which is about 18 miles from Liverpool and on entering the Hotel was met by a lady instead of a landlord as I had been accustomed in at home, and she wished to know whether I would have a room \u0026 After having secured my quarters I proceeded to the Cathedral, which is a large edifice formerly occupied by the Roman Catholics. At the door I was met by a man who upon learning where I was from inquired after the Fairfax family stating that the representative of that house lived in America and that he was entitled to the succession. It was about the hour of evening service. They have 2 services there per day and this was about 4 o'clock P.M.","He turned me over to the sexton who showed me to a seat upon the condition that I should not leave it until after the service was over. After service he showed me through the building which was quite interesting. Among other things were the seats for the friars or monks which were so constructed that should they become drowsy \u0026 forgetful of their duty, their seats suddenly dropt them on the floor \u0026 recalled their wandering thoughts. I walked around the wall and saw the tower on which King Charles the 1st stood \u0026 saw the defeat of his army at Routen Moor.","Much love to all the family \u0026 kind regards to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 26, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 8th came safely. I regret that you should have been the loser of so many teeth. I don't like the idea of you being toothless, but as you say another set can be furnished by the dentist.","I received a letter from Aunt Clem requesting me to lend Uncle Alfred two or four hundred dollars for Wirt to buy stock to drive to California. I did not have the money and even if I had should not have lent it for one reason among others is that if Wirt goes to California, he will probably throw himself away or be ruined.","I have recently heard from him and he asks me to lend him thirty dollars but says nothing about going to C. I think that next month when our bank gets in operation that I will send him thirty dollars. I am unable to say whether I will first visit Beverly or North Carolina.","Our winter has been very severe, but for near a fortnight we have had beautiful weather. The aspen is in bloom the and weeping willow is beginning to look green. I am still at Dr. Junkin's.","Tell Miss Eliza that if I should bring her a beau that she must not tell on me lest the old bachelors about Beverly should mob me for trampling on their toes.","I infer from your letter that I was when I dropped my narrative at the Cathedral of Chester. After leaving Chester I passed to a beautiful estate of an English nobleman by the name of the Marquis of Westminster; he lives about three miles from the city, but after driving about half a mile I came to a beautiful gateway somewhat resembling the front of a fine building. Here the porter who had charge of it admitted me and I drove through a park containing about 1800 [or 1900] deer, the race course on which he tries his horses, etc. the fences being made of iron and the grounds containing a variety of luxuriant trees. After passing on thus for near 2 ½ miles, I came to a magnificent palace covered with pinnacles. Here after ringing the bell a servant of quite a gentlemanly appearance came to the door and admitted me by my giving him my ticket of admission which I had procured before leaving Chester. The interior of the building is magnificent. One of the rooms is copied from the celebrated Alhambra of Granada in Spain which was built by the Moors.","Do you wish me to send you the old clothes of which you spoke next summer. As they are not worth much the cost of transportation may cost more than they are worth. If you wish them sent let me know in your next. Much love to all.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI don't know whether you have yet returned from your visit to Aunt's but I will write to you now, as I have the time and might not have so much leisure in a few days hence and I will begin by stating that I have an invitation for you, and what do you think it is? \u0026 who from? For it is not often that I am authorized to send you invitations and especially pressing ones and I suppose you will begin to think or may think well what does he mean? Why doesn't he tell me at once \u0026 be done with it. ","Well you see I have finished \u0026 hope I am done with the first page of my letter \u0026 am running on at a tremendous rate, so that if I don't tell you soon, you will hardly get it all from this sheet. Well now having cultivated your patience a little as all women are said to have curiosity I will tell you that Miss Mary Anna Morrison, a friend of mine in the Western part of N. Carolina and in the Southern part of the State, is engaged to be married to an acquaintance of yours living in this village \u0026 she has requested me to urge you to attend her wedding in July next. To use her own words she says \"I hope your sister will come. You must urge her to do so. I should be very glad if she could come.\" The wedding is not to be large. I told her that I would give the invitation \u0026 having done so, feel that I am free from all further responsibility in the matter. I told her that I didn't think that you would be able to accept it, and if you can't just let me know in your next \u0026 transfer the invitation to your humble servant, and he will not decline, for he is very anxious to go as he is much interested in the ceremony \u0026 the occasion \u0026 the young lady is a very special friend of mine.","I hope that you have had a very pleasant trip to the River. I deposited in our bank a few days since twenty dollars \u0026 transferred the evidence of deposit to Wirt \u0026 forwarded it to him stating that he might expect more next July.","The present which you made Ellie was never made up, \u0026 if you can dispose of it in any way I think that I will send it to you when John Bosworth goes home for I suppose that Anna would feel some delicacy in having it made up. Our weather is beautiful at present \u0026 I suppose that spring will rapidly advance now.","Give much love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAug 11/ 57","My Dear Sister, \nSince my last we have visited Niagara, Saratoga \u0026 immediate places. As stated in my Richmond letter, I had expected to proceed from that point to your house, but an enlargement of one of the glands of Anna's neck induced me to consult a physician, \u0026 my concern was so great as to induce me to take her to Philadelphia where she consulted a Doctor Jackson of the University, \u0026 he was unable to decide as to the true character of the case. But whilst there, I met with Dr. Graham of Lexington in whom I have great confidence, \u0026 he advised me to bring her here after making a short tour.","We reached here last Wednesday evening and the enlargement has apparently diminished considerably since that time. We expect to remain here till near the close of my vacation \u0026 then return to Lexington. I regret that we have been unable to visit you this summer but I felt that under the circumstances it was my duty to make Anna's health the first object of concern. In coming from Staunton here I fell in with Cousin [Flo?] \u0026 her little boy on their way to the Healing Springs. Let me hear from you soon \u0026 if you can write before the 25th of this month, direct to this place, otherwise direct to Lexington. Give love to all. Anna joins me in love to you.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 1, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nAgain I am blessed with the privilege of communing with you. My duties are ended for the week, I may say, as in my department there will be no more recitations this week. But at 4 o'clock the Faculty have a weekly meeting at the Superintendent's.","Through the continued blessings of Providence, my health continues to improve. At present, I suffer more with cold feet than anything else. I have been accustomed to bathing them in cold water; but they have cracked open so much as to render the discontinuance of it necessary. I have an invitation to a party this evening, but must decline going. The citizens of this place are such as I admire.","I have tried on my shirts and they fit very well with the exception of the collars which are not long enough in the band. Accept of my thanks for the present. How are Thos. and the family.","I hope to see you next summer. I had a pleasant time at the Springs, but only visited the Rockbridge Alum, the Bath Alum and the Warm Springs. I saw the blowing cave: it is a remarkable curiosity. There is at one time a strong current of air rushing out and at another time, a strong current rushing in. There has never been but one mouth found to the cave. It is in Bath county and about eight miles from the Bath Alum Springs. My love to all.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 19/57","My Dear Sister, \nYou have probably been expecting a letter from me for some days. Owing to an inflammation of the tube leading to the ear and also inflammation of the throat (chronic) and very painful neuralgia, I have been constrained to give up my correspondence for a while. I never remember having suffered so much as within the last three weeks, and now I am compelled to use a vial of chloroform liniment per day externally and am also using a preparation of ammonia. The hearing of my right ear is impaired, but I trust not permanently. I have continued to attend to my recitations, notwithstanding my suffering. In a few days I hope to be free from pain.","The eye medicine helped me for a while I think but I can't say that I have been permanently benefited, and I would advise you not to try the medicine.","Anna is quite robust again. She joins me in love to you all. I wrote to Wirt, advising him to go to some active occupation and to read standard books and thus endeavor to apply his knowledge of grammar and become thus acquainted acquainted with the construction of the language- use is of great importance. His knowledge of the grammar considering the time he has given to it is discouraging. To keep him at school with such little progress is pretty much throwing away the money and time.","Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 8th, 1858","My Dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter of last week reached me this morning and I am rejoiced to learn that you are so much concerned about \"the one thing needful.\" I have never believed that you would be lost. I have borne in mind that our sainted mother's prayers would not be forgotten by our Heavenly Father. Though dead, her prayers, I trusted would be precious in the sight of the Lord.","You wish to know how to come to God; so as to have your sins forgiven, and to receive \"the inheritance which is incorruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away.\" Now my dear sister the way is plain: the savior says in Mark XVI chapter, 16th verse \"He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved.\" But you may ask what is it to believe. To explain this I will quote from an able theologian, and devoted servant of God. To believe in the sense in which the word is used here, \"is feeling and acting as if there were a God, a Heaven, a Hell; as if we were sinners and must die; as if we deserve eternal death, and were in danger of it. And in view of all, casting our eternal interests on the mercy of God in Christ Jesus. To do this is to be a Christian.\"","You speak of having done all that you know in order to be accepted: this is too apt to be our error. We must not depend on making ourselves holy: but just come to the Father, and ask him to forgive our sins for the sake of Jesus, and rely entirely on the merits of Christ for our prayer being answered. The Father loves the Son and for his sake pardons those who plead the Son's merits. We should never think of presenting any merits of our own for we are all sinners.","Do not trouble yourself too much about not having repented enough for your sins, for your letter shows that you have much concern about the subject. But let me advise you simply to do as God enabled me to do, that is, resolve to spend the remaining part of life in His service, to obey the teachings of the Bible until death, and to rely entirely on the mercy of God for being saved, and though the future looked dark, yet it has become very bright. Never despair, even old Christians have dark moments.","Never omit of pray at regular times. For years your salvation has been my daily prayer and shall continue so. Write to me often and tell me all your trials, that I may","Do not trouble yourself too much about Were it not for my throat, Anna \u0026 myself would like very much to pay you a visit this winter. My throat \u0026 the sale of a neighbors property next week are the two obstacles. Anna is anxious to go next [week?]. She joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA. \nMay 1st/58","My Dear Brother \nWe have a little prodigy one day old this afternoon. She calls herself Mary Graham Jackson. Anna is doing very well, \u0026 joins me in love to yourself and sister Eugenia.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nMay 1st 1858","My dear sister, \nI am very much pressed with business, but I must drop you a line to say that yesterday God blessed us with a charming little daughter, and we have named her after Mrs. Morrison, Mary Graham.","My eyes have been troubling me much lately. I regret that you have had so much suffering, it appears to have resembled my attack. I am now using glycerine which is the essence of oil. I take it through the nostrils for the purpose of curing the inflammation at the entrance of the nasal tubes into the mouth and I find it of great service. God had blest its use to me very much. I tried caustic or nitrate of silver, but with much less effect. I hope that you will soon be well. I ascertained to day that I can get a copy of \"Silver Wood\" in town so you may expect one when Mr. Chenoweth goes home if not before.","Anna \u0026 the little one are both doing very well for which we are thankful to our Heavenly Father. I received a letter from Wirt a few days since. His health I think is just tolerable from what he says. I have been wanting to write to Thomas for some time \u0026 and hope to do so before long.","May the blessings of our Heavenly Father rest upon you richly is the prayer of your affectionate brother. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nMay 22/58","My dear sister, \nYour welcome letter came safely, but finds our little daughter very ill of jaundice, and she may at any hour take her place among the redeemed in Paradise. Anna is doing well. My intention has \u0026 still is to visit you this summer, but I learned a lesson from last summer, not to make a promise for no one can tell what a day will bring forth, but I trust that if our little daughter lives that God will bless us all in a visit to see you \u0026 all the family. It seems like a long time since I was at your house. The children I suppose have grown much. Give my thanks to my darling little niece for her letter \u0026 tell her I expect to answer it in a few days. Give much love to all the children from myself \u0026 Anna. She joins me in love to you.","I received a letter from Wirt this morning stating that he is well but that he has lost his horse by his straying off, and that he wants me to forward him one hundred \u0026 five dollars N.Y. funds, which I want to try \u0026 do; though it will cost a premium here.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","My dear little Niece, \nYour very interesting letter reached me a short time before your sweet little cousin \u0026 my little daughter was called from this world of sin, to enjoy the Heavenly happiness of Paradise. She died of Jaundice on the 25th of April.  [Jackson's error-- the baby died on May 25] Whilst your Aunt Anna and myself feel our loss, yet we know that God has taken her away in love. Jesus says \"suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of Heaven.\" Did you ever think my dear Grace that the most persons who have died and gone to Heaven are little children. Your aunt is doing very well, she is out visiting.","We hope to go \u0026 see you all this summer, but my health is so delicate, that I am disposed to go North first. I think this will give us more time to stay with you. Should we go to see you first I may have to hasten on North without staying more than two or three days.","I wish your would write to me at once and let me know which you would rather I should do. I hope that you have enjoyed your school and your vacation both very much. Remember your aunt \u0026 uncle to your Father, Mother, Thomas \u0026 Stark, and accept much love for yourself.","Your affectionate uncle, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","Dear Sir, \nIn compliance with your request I proceed to give you a statement respecting the condition of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School. But in doing so, I feel it unnecessary to say more than a few words, as you are already acquainted with its leading features. The school is usually opened by singing part of a hymn, which should be announced the previous Sabbath. This is followed by reading one or more verses from the Bible, with explanations \u0026 applications; this is succeeded by prayer. After this each class is instructed by its teacher from the Bible, catechism and hymn book. At the close  of the school which is near forty five minutes from the opening, there is a public examination on two verses of the child catechism, published by our Board. These verses should be announced the previous Sabbath. After the close of the examination, the school is dismissed, the remaining part of the opening hymn having been sung immediately after the examination.","The system of reward you are acquainted with, and the premiums so far have been near a dozen Testaments and one Bible. The day of their presentation is the first Sabbath of each month. Several scholars are studying the shorter catechism at the present time. Each teacher keeps a class book in which is noted each scholar's department in school. The lesson should be taught one Sabbath, with a view to examination \u0026 mark on the next. Each teacher at the close of the month give me a circular (blanks having been furnished) exhibiting for each scholar the manner in which the lesson has been prepared, the conduct in school, no. of lates, absences. From these circulars, I make a monthly entry in the record book, which contains not only the no. of lates \u0026 absences, but also the names of the teachers, scholars, owners, persons with whom the scholars are living, the lates \u0026 absences of teachers, and a weekly record of the proceedings of the school. By reference to the record book, I find 91 to be the no. of scholars there reported.","Praying that the S. school convention may be a great blessing to the cause \u0026 to yourself I remain your attached friend.","T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 19th 1858","My dear Sister, \nYour letter \u0026 that of Grace reached me this morning and for a while I thought that I might be able to visit you previous to going North, but after more maturely considering my case, \u0026 all the circumstances, I am disposed to think that I had better go North first. My disease is not understood by my physicians here and I have nearly if not entirely lost my hearing in the right ear \u0026 my left ear is diseased, and my nose is internally affected. The first thing it appears to me should be to seek relief if it is to be had.","Write to me to N.Y. City, and tell Tom and Grace that they must write to me this summer also, as soon as I let you all know where my letters will reach me after leaving N.Y. City. Tell Grace that I am much obliged to her for her letter, and that she may expect me to answer  it before a great while. As to Thomas' examination, I think Mr. Thomas can judge better of his qualifications than myself, though I wish that I could be with you all before his teacher leaves. I hope to be with you in the latter part of August.","I forwarded a check to Wirt for one hundred \u0026 five dollars on N.J. I had to pay a premium of one per cent for it and urged him to refund the money on the first of Sept. according to promise. If I had known that he had found his horse, I don't know that I should have sent him so much. I have need of all the money that I can command. When you write to him, tell him that he had better sell me one of his horses.","Anna joins me in much love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me to Mr. Thomas \u0026 his lady \u0026 to all enquiring friends.","Your affec. brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 21st, 1858","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but have been prevented. I am now under the care of a physician by the name of Carnochan who is one of the professors in a medical college here. I hope that I am improving, but do not know how long I will remain here. Probably ten days longer, afterwards I expect to start on my visit  to you but will delay sometime on the way I expect in Philadelphia, Baltimore, the Glades.","Your Aunt Anna is quite well and we are seeing many pretty things here. Give my love and your Aunt's to all the family, and write to me as soon as you receive this. Direct your letter to New York City.","Your affectionate Uncle, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nOct. 23d, 1858","My dear sister, \nYour letter of the 19th inst. reached me this morning. Thomas reached here as you expected on last Saturday and has been a very good boy and we are all much pleased with him. He commenced going to school on Tuesday last to Mr. McFarland \u0026 is studying the English \u0026 Latin languages. His teacher wishes him to study arithmetic also, but I am unwilling for him to undertake any more at present, until I see what success will attend his present studies \u0026 also what kind of health he will have. I don't wish him to go over any thing without his understanding it thoroughly \u0026 hence he must not have too much to study. I regard it as a great error to require a child to study what his mind is not capable of appreciating. The tendency is to diminish his fondness for study, to give him a vague way of thinking (since he is not accustomed to see the precise points) \u0026 by overtasking the mind his health both of body \u0026 mind are endangered. I have been much gratified as seeing Thomas' mind so good; it has improved very much since I last saw him \u0026 I think it is partly due to the light course of studies which he has been pursuing.","I will attend to the directions of your letter \u0026 I am glad to see that your views with regard to Thomas' education \u0026 my views on the same subject are so much alike. I don't think that Thomas will get much home sick. I regret that I have not got some occupation for him \u0026 also regret not having some good companion for him to always associate with. I wrote to you about pocket money for him, but as I stated that probably he had reserved enough for that purpose, so I find such to be the case, as he since gave me three dollars to keep for him. Should you send him any clothes at any time, I would not send them of the same style as those he wears, as they are not worn here by boys as large as himself. I find that his dress makes him too marked, I will get him a suit, better adapted to his age.","My greatest concern about him is his eating. When he first came, he would use neither milk nor coffee, since then he drinks a little coffee; but I am a little afraid of his doing so, as he has not been accustomed he says to its use. I don't wish him to change his home habits in any respect unless there is necessity for so doing. I wish you would let me know how he lived at home. He gets his lessons well. Anna joins me in love to yourself \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nApril 11, 1859","Sir, \nFrom your letter of the 31 ult. I am gratified to learn that you contemplate making a European tour. You request me to send you a copy of my notes of travel. Should I do so, I fear that they would be of but little service to you as they are not sufficiently full to give you much information. Even with my recollection of places, etc. to aid me, I am not always able to make out the sense. And instead of giving you incoherent suggestions, I have thought best to glance over my notes, and send you such information as I think will be valuable. And in doing so, I would recommend you to purchase a note book before sailing, and if time will permit to keep a satisfactory journal beginning with the first day and closing with the returning one of your tour.","As soon as you reach Liverpool purchase guide books of such countries as you design visiting. If you have time to see things leisurely, don't employ guides. Leaving L. visit Chester and drive out to Eaton Hall, which is a fine specimen of an English nobleman's estate; it belongs to the Marquis of Westminster, said by some to be the wealthiest man in England. If you have time after returning to C. take the cars and visit the great Tubular bridge, and pass over to Ireland for a few days. Should you go to I. be sure if you should pass near Parsonstown, to see the great Ross telescope, and whilst there, ask for its magnifying power, and please inform me of it. Returning to Liverpool visit the following places Glasgow, Dunbarton Castle, Loch Loman, Loch Catrine, Sterling Castle, Edinborough, York, Cambridge, London, Antwerp, Waterloo. Pass through Brussells on your way to and also on your return from Waterloo. Leaving B. visit Aix La Chappel, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidleburg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Baste, Lakes Lucern, Brienz \u0026 Thun. Stop for at least one day at Interlaken which is between lakes B. \u0026 T. Visit Berne, Freiberg, Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas. From Martigny, cross the Alps by the Simplon Pass into Italy. Visit Lakes Como \u0026 Majora. Visit Milan, Verona, Venice, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Rome, Naples, Genoa, Turin, Paris.","I have given you the tour I should take above all others, if I did not have time for a more extensive one. It differs a little from the one taken by me. I did not see the Tubular Bridge nor visit Ireland. And instead of visiting Turin I hastened to Paris by the steamer from Genoa. Knowing the stopping points you can post yourself up on your guide book in advance.","In York observe the organ especially. In Antwerp note Reubens' paintings. In Heid. observe the castle. In Strasburg is the wonderful clock. In Feiberg is one of the best organs in the world. At Verona is the most perfect amphitheater in the world. You may find it more pleasant to visit Naples before Rome. You will fine Genoa probably the most beautiful of all the cities in consequence of its elevation being such as to present its different parts distinctly to the eye when viewed from the harbor. I omitted calling your attention to the Museum in Antwerp.","In Venice, nearly every thing of interest except its canals are on St. Mark's square. In Florence give yourself plenty of time to visit frequently the statuary in the room called the Tribuna. Study the original works of art with which you may meet in Antwerp, Florence, Rome, etc. and when you reach Paris you will see a miniature of all, serving to refresh your memory but not calling for examinations, as you have already seen the originals. In P. you should give attention to the externals, visit the neighboring Royal residences, etc.","Of course you will pass some time in London and visit the Parks, Westminster Abbey a number of times. I hope that you may be able to make the tour and that you may realize more than you even anticipate","I would be glad to hear from you during your absence \u0026 after your return. Things are here in much the same routine as when you left.","Yours truly, T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 9th, 1859","My dear sister \nI omitted in my last to answer your question as to when I design visiting Beverly. I hope to do so in July; but you must not give yourself any trouble about the vegetables you spoke of; as I am through the blessing of our Heavenly Father enabled now to live on most any thing. Don't get brown bread for me as I have ceased to use it. But when I drop in, I will just eat such things as are convenient.","I heard from Anna on Saturday, she says that she is learning to take things more philosophically. She says that the Dr. Sill finds some inflammation, she is to remain there until the inflammation entirely subsides. She sends love to you. Thomas was very anxious to go with his teacher \u0026 a number of the scholars to the Peaks of Otter; but I felt it was too much responsibility for me to take to let him go. Some of the boys might have guns with them \u0026 some accident might occur to him \u0026 furthermore I didn't know how much it might cost him; as they would be gone several days. Accordingly he remains at home \u0026 I hope that he will make considerable progress in Spanish. In consequence of the irritation of my throat, I have not been hearing him much in the last few days. But he is far enough advanced not to study considerably by himself. I hope to have a fine supply of vegetables for you when you come. You must try \u0026 bring some other members of the family with you.","Give much love to the children. Thomas is well.","Your affec. brother, Thomas.","White Sulphur Springs \nAugust 13, 1859","My dear Sister \nThe inflammation or irritation of my throat passed down so low as to make me afraid to let Dr. Green treat me \u0026 consequently I gave up the idea of going to him so long as it remains so low; it appears to be about the collar bone. But whilst I was unwilling to let the Dr. treat me I concluded that I would visit this place \u0026 try to get my liver right; as I was disposed to think that the state of the throat depended on that of the liver. After you left, my liver apparently became much deranged. I reached this place on Thursday last \u0026 I feel improved. It appears to me that smoking mullein has been of great benefit to me. I am fearful that I will not be an herbal remedy used for respiratory ailments able to visit you this summer \u0026 I feel it greatly.","I left Anna at the Rockbridge Baths, her health has not been so good since you left and as the Baths are celebrated for such afflictions as hers I trust that she will be improved by their use. This evening I received a letter from her stating that after bathing she had internal heat \u0026 that she was fearful that the bathing was not good for her \u0026 that if she found it not to be so that she would return home in a few days. There are about 1000 persons here at present.","I hope that I may be able to visit you, notwithstanding the present aspect of things, but don't expect me unless you hear of my coming by another letter.","I hope that your health has improved. Give my love to all. Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nAug 27th, 1859","My dear Sister \nI returned last Tuesday evening from the White Sulphur Springs, and under the blessing of Providence my health had much improved, and if I only had a week more before the commencing of the session I would visit you but I would barely have had time to ride to your house and back, which would not have answered our purpose as my desire is to make a visit. But I hope that in November I will be with you. The first visit that I pay is to be with you. I feel that a disordered liver had probably much to do with my affected throat and if I can only keep the secretions right, I hope that my throat will soon be well.","Anna's health I fear has not improved much locally, though she gained some flesh during her stay at the Baths. Maj. Preston has just returned, and given me an account of you all. I am much gratified that Mr. Arnold invited him to stay with you. I regret that Mr. Arnold's arm continues to trouble him. I trust that you will succeed in securing a competent teacher for the children. Tell them that their aunt \u0026 I were wishing this week that we could see them.","Sulphur water appears to suit my disease better than any other remedy which I have met with, and yesterday evening Anna \u0026 myself took a ride to one of these springs about 8 miles from town. I never knew of its existence until within a few weeks. The water is very pleasant yet very weak and I fear not of much benefit.","I send you by the same mail with this letter one of our catalogues. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Home \nSept. 13th, 1859","My dear Sister \nYour last reached me safely and Anna delivered the articles to the servant according to your request. I regret to learn that your health continues so infirm. I am with yourself glad that you visited us last summer with the children, and hope that you may be spared to visit us again, and I hope that at your next visit we may be able to make you more comfortable than you were at your last.","Anna's health has become such as to render it necessary to send her to a physician \u0026 she left last Friday for Hampden Sidney to be under the care of Dr. Watkins.","According to your request I send Thomas' account. Look at his book and see if he got anything after the last of June. The account only extends to the end of June and he may have procured things from the store after that time. I had occasion to see Lyell Wilson's account since then \u0026 he had me charged with a pass book got by Thomas in the 1st of July. This made me think that he might have got other things elsewhere. But if he didn't get anything else, don't take notice of the book, as it was only a trifle.","Give my love to Mr. A \u0026 to all the children.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","I fear that I will not get to see you in Nov. But my first visit as I said before is to you. May our kind Heavenly Father bless you richly is my constantly repeated prayer.","1858 \nEnglish Grammar.50 \nCopy Books .25 \nBlank book \u0026 sponge .18 3/4 \nPaper \u0026 envelopes .25 \nBox pencil lead, paper \u0026 envels. .50 \nFor Fair \u0026 Christmas 1.00 \nMiss Howard for two months \u0026 1 week washing 1.68 \nMr. McFarland 17.00 \nMiss L. S. Graham 37.50","1859 \nOdd Fellows supper .25 Lecture at Chapel .25 57.43 \n[illegible] .25 \nNegro for mending shoe .25 \nVisit Nat. Bridge .50 \nMcFarland 17.00 \nNot included in store accounts 77.36 3/4 \n6 months Board \u0026 washing 72.00 \n149.36 3/4","Store account \n40.46 3/4 \n189.83 1/2 \nCredits 113.00 \nBalance due 76.83","Home \nOctober 31, 1859","My dear Sister \nLast week I mailed a letter to Mr. Arnold requesting him to visit me and [illegible] other inducements told him that we were to have a county agricultural Fair, but didn't mention the day, as I had not yet ascertained it; but it is to be on the 23 of this month. Urge Mr. Arnold to come if you think that he can do so safely; and during his stay, I will try \u0026 interest him in our schools \u0026 county, and see if he can be induced to locate here.","I found that the cadets designed being absent so short a time, that I concluded that I had better postpone my visit to you until next summer.","I feel that we are now greatly blessed with a good teacher for boys, he is the very man I think whom Thomas would do well under. We have a number of good schools for Grace \u0026 Stark. There is a gentleman in town who has a boy who has given him \u0026 his teacher much trouble \u0026 on Saturday he was speaking of Mr. Morgan (who is the teacher to whom I referred for Thomas) \u0026 he spoke of him in very high terms for the successful management of his boy \u0026 for the progress that his boy is making under his new teacher.","I heard from Anna on Saturday. She hoped to be at Hampden Sidney today. She feels much improved \u0026 is bringing Laura her youngest sister home with her. I hope that they will soon be here.","Let me hear from you soon \u0026 tell me  what Mr. A says. I felt it would be more prudent in me not to say anything in my letter about his moving here. I would like to see him first \u0026 thus have a better opportunity of judging how he could best be approached successfully on the subject. I desired to write to you two weeks ago but I thought that Mr. A. might suspect something from the frequency of our letters.","Love to all, and trust God unreservedly in all things is my sincere prayer.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nDec.12th/59","My dear Sister \nYour letter stating that you are teaching the children yourself has given me concern and I write this letter for the purpose of saying that you must never hesitate for a single moment about sending the children to me. I stated in my letter to you the conditions upon which I was ready to do for them what I could, because I felt it would prevent any disappointment to you \u0026 Mr. Arnold in the event of their coming, and I feel that I can make them comfortable \u0026 enable them to acquire a good education \u0026 to move in that sphere of life where I desire to see them move. Without a good education they must ever fall short of that position in life which they ought to occupy, and their early education consisting of spelling \u0026 reading is of great importance; if either is defective the education must necessarily be defective. But if insuperable objections lie in the way of getting a good teacher or of sending them abroad, don't give yourself anxiety but trust in our most kind \u0026 merciful Father who withholds no good thing from his children. I am very thankful to see you bear up under your trials with such Christian fortitude \u0026 as long as we lean on His almighty arm all shall be well.","I reached home on last Friday night about 3 o'clock in the morning. Anna is an invalid still, but I trust that better health is in store for her. My throat has been troubling me again in consequence of a cold contracted during my military excursion.","I am thankful to you for engaging the [illegible] but I don't know when I will be able to bring them home. You must give my love to Aunt \u0026 Uncle White. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold. Anna joins me in love to the children. Should you see any of Mr. Chenoweth's friends say to them that I saw him today, \u0026 that he is well.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","...that carpeting is used for stairs instead of oil cloth. In regard to furniture I thought it best to consult you before making the purchases. As the furniture will last a life time it is best to be careful in pleasing ourselves although it may occasion delay. I purchased the oil cloth at once lest it might be sold, it is to be forwarded to Balt. directed to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Va. care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart, Jr. 320 Balt. St. Balt., M.D. I send the oil cloth as a present. As to the other articles, Rods etc. I can get the rods with concealed fastenings for $2.85 per dozen or I can get common rods with visible band fastenings for $2.20 per doz. The length of the rods is 30 inches but as you haven't the oil cloth you may not want the rods. Let me know \u0026 if the length is not right, tell me what length you desire.","If you can't get all the articles now, you can get the others if you desire at some other time as I can order them at any time by calling Madden's attention to them now. Let me hear from you soon and","[in pencil at top]\nIf you still wish the parlor lamp let me know what kind \u0026 what is to be burnt in it.","I will order the amount of your funds and I may be able to add some but my money matters are behind hand. I have been in debt ever since I purchased my house and have to constantly borrow from the bank in order to get along. Send your money as far as practicable in drafts on N. York for they charge a premium here for drafts \u0026 it is not safe to send bills by mail. I prefer paying the premium to running the risk. I also wish that you would write to the person from whom you purchased the draft which you sent me, \u0026 get him to procure you another as I have lost that one \u0026 when you get the draft send it to me. If I were you I would try to get along without the mattresses if possible and I would then get:","Bureau $25, wash stand $10, Tete a Tete1 $18, 4 quartets2 $5, Sofa $5, centre table $9, French bedstead $15. Total exclusive of boxing $87. Should you prefer the sofa instead of [lounge] \u0026 Tete a Tete the amount will be $3 less, \u0026 if you prefer the wash stand to match the Bureau \u0026 I would get it if my means justified, the amount will be $5 more.","[in another hand the words \"29 feet eight inches.\"]","Give my love to all. Your affec. brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nJany 28th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour last very welcome letter came safe to hand and I am glad that you have succeeded in procuring a teacher and I hope that the children will learn well under his instruction. I am glad to hear of Mr. Arnold's improved health \u0026 trust that it may continue to improve. Through the blessing of out Heavenly Father we have been spared from the small pox thus far; \u0026 I hope that we may entirely escape it. There are but few cases now amongst the whites; the servants have taken it; though it has not spread much.As soon as a servant takes the disease he is carried to the hospital and they appear to be greatly afraid of the disease in consequence of their being sent to the hospital in case of taking it.","I hope that Anna's health is improving, but very little throws her back again. I wrote to Aunt Clem a few days since. On my return from Harper's Ferry, I came through Richmond \u0026 saw Wm. L. Jackson \u0026 his wife, Jonathan [Bennet, Burnet] \u0026 his wife and Wm. E. Arnold, Ben Bassett, John Hoffman \u0026 other friends. I wish you would write to me when are the given names of Wm. L. Jackson's wife \u0026 Bennett's wife \u0026 what relation there is between them \u0026 us, and give me a letter full of such things; as I am asked from time to time what is the Relationship me \u0026 such persons. I think Mr. Arnold knows a good deal about the subject. For example I think he knows what were grandfather's brothers. I remember having a talk with him once on the subject \u0026 I found that he appeared better acquainted with such things than myself. Who was Dr. Edward Jackson?","Anna joins me in love to you all. I hope that your health is better than when you last wrote.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Home \nFebruary 25, 1860","My dear Niece \nI was much pleased to hear from your Mother's letter that her health and your Father's have been so good and to hear that you have so faithful a teacher; and as you can not always have him, I hope that you will do all you can in order to learn as much as possible whilst he is with you. And first of all I want you to learn to spell well; give particular attention to spelling; for I don't care how much you know about other things, if you don't spell well, you will be laughed at by educated people. I desire to see you have a good education, and the first step towards a good education, after learning the alphabet, is to learn to spell well. If a person commences reading before learning to spell well, he will not be apt to ever learn much more about spelling, because reading is more pleasant than spelling.","When I was young I committed the blunder of learning to read before I had learnt to spell well, and though I am now 36 years old, yet still I am mortified by my spelling words wrong; in writing this letter I have had to look in the Dictionary to see how a word was spelt and so I expect it will be all my life because I didn't give enough attention to my spelling when I was young. As your memory is better now than it may ever be, you can learn to spell more easily than when you become larger. When we are young we can recollect much better than when we are grown up.","I desire to see you an educated and accomplished lady, one that your Father and Mother will be justly proud of. After learning to spell very well then I want you to read histories, and travels and biographies, and such other books as will give you valuable information. I also hope that you will learn your Geography very well.","My Father and Mother died when I was very young, and I had to work for my living and education both; but your parents are both living and have given you a kind teacher and I trust that you will show them how thankful you are to them by studying hard. If you ever wish any information which I can give, you must ask me. I haven't written to your Mother for some time as I was afraid that I might send you the small pox, but I don't think that there is any danger now, as all are well here or about so.","I heard a student of Washington College make a beautiful speech on last Wednesday and as he is of the same name and county as your teacher, I expect that they are Relatives.","Give my love to all of the family \u0026 write to me soon. Your affectionate Uncle Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 16, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time, but have been prevented from doing so. I am sorry to learn that your eyes trouble you so much. I wish you would try the simple remedy of washing them with cold water, lifting the water to the face in both hands and washing the face until a little water gets into the eyes and they commence smarting. Do this at night just before going to bed, and again immediately after getting up. I hope that you are improving, and that Mr. Arnold is likewise. Anna is suffering from a very bad cold. She has been confined to her bed for nearly a week, but is up this afternoon.","I don't know how Mr. Arnold thinks Wm. L. Jackson would do for a judge, but if he would like to see him elected over Edmondson and can do anything for him I hope that he will do so. I thought that probably there might be some person or persons living near his Father's old place beyond Weston with whom he might have influence; if such is not the case, do not say anything about the subject to him and probably you had better say nothing anyway to him upon the subject. From what I have heard, Wm. will very probably be elected.","I hope that the children are all doing well. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affec. brother Thomas.","April 21/60","My Dear Sister \nI intended writing to you today but as Anna has done so, I will only say a few words \u0026 those with respect to Grace.  I have not mentioned the subject of Maj. Preston and I don't think it necessary to consult you upon the subject but if you still desire me to do so, let me know in your next letter and I will give you his opinion.","My mind is clear in making Grace familiar with the English grammar as soon as practicable; let her commence it at once.  Let her not only study the principles of the language, but require her to parse a great deal, so as to make her familiar with the application of the principles of the language.  Let all her studies be English until she should become a finished English scholar.  I don't attach much importance to Latin for females, it is of value to every educated person but mostly to professional men.  I am glad that Mr. A. is obtaining Mr. McCuchin.  You may expect another letter from me in a week or so.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","[postscript in hand of Mary Anna Jackson] \nP. S. Maj. J. requests me to say to you that he will attend to any commissions for furniture in the North that you may wish - as ever your Anna","Home \nMay 1st/60","My dear Sister, \nTell Grace that I have received her letter \u0026 that I am glad to see her spelling so good. I will write to her in a few days \u0026 will send her the pattern desired. When ever you desire furniture from N.Y. let me know \u0026 I can order it from either of two establishments. One of them makes first class furniture, but I think that his prices are too high for you. I purchased nothing of him but ½ dozen parlor chairs. The rest of my furniture omitting piano \u0026 a few other articles were furnished by another house \u0026 I was very well pleased with the articles; but when I was last in N.Y. I purchased a few more articles of the same house but am not pleased with them so well so I would advise you to order but a few articles at first in the event of your intending to purchase much.\nI am writing in great haste holding the paper in one hand and writing with the other. \nAnna joins me in love to you all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas.","[from Mary Anna Jackson]","My dear Sister, \nI would gladly send the pattern to Grace, but I think it unnecessary, as I can give you directions without it. The girls of Grace's size here wear black silk tunics made exactly like those Grace wore last summer, except they fasten in front, \u0026 the skirt reaches nearly to the knees. They are very pretty, \u0026 black silk is all the style now. All the ladies mantles this summer are made of black silk. Some of the girls here wear circular capes or talmas, that reach a little below the waist, they would be pretty for Grace, but it think the black silk tunics are the most fashionable.","Write soon. Much love to all. \nYour affectionate sister, \nAnna Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 7, 1860","My dear Niece \nYour letter came safely and gives me much pleasure to see how rapidly you progress in spelling. Every word of your letter was spelt correctly and I hope that all your words may always be treated as well those contained in your letter; for it is treating words badly to steal a letter from them, or to impose on them a letter which they don't want. You must look at Stark's letters when he writes them to his sweetheart especially. And to be more serious it would be a good plan for my sweet niece and nephews to examine each others letters when they contain no secrets, and in that way you will be very apt to find out all the counterfeit words which may be passing themselves off on any of you. Remember that there are a great many ways of spelling a word wrong, but there is only one way of spelling it right.","I intended to send you with this letter the pattern which you requested, but your aunt wrote in my last that you have the requested pattern at home. The weather is quite warm today. My peas are in bloom, they commenced blooming before the end of April. I hope that you have a fine garden. Write to me when ever you have leisure time. I am glad to see your teacher remaining with you. Your aunt joins me in love to you all. Your aunt's health is much improved.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas.","Home \nJune 4th, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have not heard from you for so long a time that I am fearful you are sick, and if so you must make the children write to me. I hope though that your health is unusually good.","Anna is unusually unwell but I trust that she will soon commence improving again. My eyes have improved greatly, through the blessing of Him who withholds no good thing from me, but in some respects my health is more impaired than it has been for some years. If I don't improve, I hope to leave for a Hydropathic establishment soon after our Commencement in July. And my plan is to send a servant with the carriage to meet me at the Depot nearest Beverly. What is the name of the Depot. I want the servant to get to your house a day or two in advance of the time, so that he will be certain to meet me. Anna and I will then return by Beverly  in the carriage \u0026 send the servant home by the Rail Road. All this plan may be frustrated, but I am resolved to pay you the first visit which I make, so you may be satisfied that if I don't visit you that my health is such as to render medical treatment necessary.","I send some early Silesia Lettuce seed which I hope you will sow at once, and after it gets a few leaves on each plant, set the plants in rows so that the plants shall be 8 inches apart, and water them occasionally so as to keep the ground damp. I never was fond of lettuce until I tried this. I regard it as the largest, tenderest and finest flavored that I have ever tasted. If you wish any more seed let me know \u0026 I will send it. I am greatly gratified at the election of Wm. L. Jackson. I fear that I have a disease of the kidneys, the disease gives me pain every day. I experience unusual pain whilst riding in a carriage. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 30th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour letter enclosing the check came safely \u0026 relieved my mind from apprehensions of your health being seriously ill. We have closed our examinations and I hope that on Thursday next I will be able to leave. I have some concern about getting from home to Goshen, but I trust that I will not experience much pain as I design going in my carriage.","I don't feel so well today as usual, but I have been exercising probably too much as I am at the Institute for the 3rd time. I think that my general health is better than it has been for a year or two at this season of the year, but much exercise appears to bring on increased trouble and pain. If I do not improve greatly between this time \u0026 the time that I reach N.Y. I will pass directly through and leave your purchases til my return.","Write to me at Brattleboro Vermont as I design going to a Hydropathic establishment there. If I should not stop as I go through N.Y., I will write to two different establishments there and find out on what terms they will furnish the furniture, so that on my return it will only be necessary to examine the furniture \u0026 make the purchases. In your next letter, tell me to whom I must direct your purchases. I expect that it will be cheaper to send them by water to Baltimore \u0026 from Balt. by Rail Road. If so it would be necessary to send them to somebody in Balt. as well as to some one at Webster or the stopping Depot on the R.R. Anna don't know of my writing this letter as I am at the Institute, or she might have some special message. Her health is much better than usual \u0026 I trust that through the blessing of God she will be restored this summer. Much love to all.","Your affec. brother Thomas","Round Hill Water Cure \nNorthampton, Mass. \nJuly 21st/60","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but on last Friday week I was very ill with a bilious attack attended with high fever; but as I was with a skillful water cure physician he soon through the blessing of a kind Providence arrested the fever, and on Saturday I was again out doors and am now better than before the attack. I might have written to you last week, had  I not been anticipating a change from Brattleboro to this place, and I feared that your letter might not reach me in the event of having it directed to that place in the event of my leaving there. Today I came here \u0026 am much pleased with things so far. I think that Anna's health as well as my own has improved.","The special object of writing to you at this time is to request you to furnish me with another list of the articles you wish me to get for you \u0026, I wish that you would put them down in the order in which you most desire them, as the amount which you sent (fifty five dollars) will not purchase half of what you named and I am apprehensive that the state of my purse will not allow me to do much for you, though I think that I will be able to do something. I would not trouble you with making out another list, had I not as it appears put those you sent me in such a special safe place of keeping that when I was about to leave home I could not find them myself.","I don't think that I will get you anything at auction. I bought our sofa there \u0026 it has turned out a great cheat. If you can't give a full list, let me have the dimensions of the oil cloth. I wrote to you by Mr. Chenoweth \u0026 I think requested you to tell me to whom I should send the purchases in Baltimore \u0026 also at Grafton. Please let me know soon after receiving this and direct your letter to Round Hill Water Cure, Northampton, Massachusetts. I wish you were here with me, it is one of the most beautiful places I have ever seen. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","I am on the West Side of the Connecticut River so you can find me on the map.","Round Hill \nNorthampton, Mass. \nAug. 4th/860","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter of July 22d reached us at this place. I am glad that our sweet cousins (for such are the Murdochs) are about paying you a visit and I very much desire to meet them, but such gratification can not be indulged in at this time as our physician says that Anna will have to remain here until about the 1st of Oct. if she wishes to be cured. He says that he can thoroughly cure her. He says that he could cure me of all my symptoms of disease in from four to six months and as I am improving, I wish that I could remain here until relived of all my troubles or so long as I continue to improve. He says that I have a slight distortion of the spine, \u0026 that it has given rise to some of my uneasy symptoms. There are several ladies here who could not walk when they commenced treatment \u0026 are now walking as if perfectly well.","Anna and myself much regret that we must again be denied the pleasure of visiting you as we had hoped to do. But I know that at the right time our Heavenly Father will permit us to see you. I am anxiously looking forward to some opportunity during the coming session. I wrote in my last for you to give me a list of furniture, etc. in the order in which you prefer them, and I would suggest that you had better get a lower priced bedstead than ours. For instance, if a cottage one would answer it could be purchased at about half the price that we gave for ours. But if you could consent to lower the price of the other articles, I think that it would be best; of course you would not get things so serviceable \u0026 showy but I think that the increased number of articles for the same money would more than compensate.","A cottage bedstead would be rather small; but they are made neatly. I have merely made these suggestions \u0026 you must do as you think best \u0026 I will do the best I can for you in New York. I will not have the opportunity of stopping by in Philadelphia as my time is so precious. If you prefer the Philadelphia bedstead, I will write to the same person who made ours, \u0026 get you one. I send a list of some of our purchases. They were much lower than could have been bought in Lexington.","Anna joins me in love to you all. I wish I could stop in Philadelphia as I might get some things for you and also attend to an important matter. You must give my love to Harriet \u0026 the others when they visit you. May you have every needful blessing temporal \u0026 spiritual is my habitual prayer.\nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Home Sept. 3rd, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI have reached home safely with my health much improved. My physician said that I ought to have remained a month longer \u0026 I tried to do so but did not succeed, and I am satisfied with the sweet assurance that all things work together for my good. Anna's health was much improved, yet it was necessary for her to remain longer. I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to Madden's. \tThey are persons from whom I hoped to purchase your furniture, and at Madden's I have been able to get a better bargain than Anna \u0026 I got of him. The prices are as follows, center table with marble top $9, French bedstead $14 (width inside 5ft 1 inch), Elegant bureau $25, corresponding wash stand $15. The bureau is under its regular price which is $30. There is another bureau at $23 \u0026 corresponding wash stand $10. Wash stands have marble top\u0026 back. Sofa inside length 7ft at $25. Another sofa inside length 6ft 8 inches at $20. Nice tete a tete at $18. Shuck mattress to fit bed $6. Shuck and cotton mattress mixed at $9. Lounge opening out or not at $6. Also another kind of lounge opening out or not at $5. Colors of lounges black; green \u0026 brown[?]. 4 quartets at $5.","Boxing of table .75 \n\" \" Bedstead 2.00 \n\" \" Bureau 1.50 \n\" \" Wash stand 1.00 \n\" \" Sofa 1.50 \n\" \" quartets .50 \n\" \" lounge 1.00 \nBailing mattresses .75 \nTotal 9.00","All the articles are mahogany, and I like them except the $23 Bureau. I would get the $25 bureau as it is only $2 more and if the elegant wash stand is too expensive I will get him to make you a neat one for $10. I would advise you to get the $20 sofa, but if you prefer you can instead of the sofa get the tete a tate \u0026 $5 lounge which will come to $3 more than the sofa. But if you prefer the sofa, you can make a lounge of it by spreading a cloth over it. The tete a tate is handsomer than the lounge though much smaller than our tete a tate. \tI purchased oil cloth for the square \u0026 rectangle but didn't succeed in getting any for the stairs as it is not now fashionable for stairs. I got the oil cloth at Stewart's \u0026 they told me that they didn't know where any could be had for stairs.","Home Sept. 24th, 1860","My dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter reached me on Saturday and I was enabled to borrow the necessary money from the Bank, and I forwarded a draft this morning in a letter to Mr. Madden requesting him to purchase the carpet \u0026 stair rods and to forward all by the 1st packet to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Virginia, to the care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart box no. 320 Baltimore Street Baltimore, Maryland. I told him to send the lounge opening out at $6. I also specified green as the color. You did not mention the color in your letter, but I thought that you were pleased with ours. I regard it as very cheap, it is not so showy as ours, but I would much prefer it, as I think it is a serviceable one; whereas ours has proved to be a great cheat' having been bought at a N.Y. auction I might have expected it to turn out badly.  As you request a Bible instead of the oil cloth I conform very willingly to your wishes and the account will then stand","Centre table 9.\tBoxing table .75 \nBedstead 14. \" Bedstead\t2.00 \nBureau 25 \" Bureau 1.50 \nWash Stand 15 \" Wash Stand\t1.00 \nTate a Tete\t18 \" Sofa 1.50 \nLounge\t6 \" Quartets .50 \nQuartets 5\t\" Lounge 1.00 \n10 yd Carpet 8.25 \nat 62 ½\t6.25 \n18 stair rods 4.28 \nBoxing\t8.25 \n110.78","In order to get a draft on N.Y. I had to pay one dollar and eleven cents making in all one hundred and eleven dollars and eighty nine cents. Deducting from this the amount you sent me fifty five dollars leaves fifty six dollars and 89 cents adding to this the price of the oil cloth 7.50 makes the total amount sixty four dollars \u0026 39 cents. There are 10 yards of oil cloth at 75 cents per yard.","In order to get a new draft from a Bank the person to whom the Bank gave the draft had to inform the Bank that the draft has been lost or mislaid as the case may be and satisfy the Banking officer that he is acting honestly in the matter. If our Bank were to give me a draft \u0026 I should lose it all I would have to do would be to go to the cashier of the Bank \u0026 tell him that the draft was lost \u0026 request him to give me another which he would do and he would then write to the Bank that was to pay the draft \u0026 tell it not to pay the first draft. If he thought it necessary. So if the draft sent me was given to Col. Goff ask him to write to the Bank \u0026 request another draft stating that the first has been lost or mislaid. If the cashier of the Bank does not know Col. Goff then the Col. had better enclose his letter to some friend in whom the Bank has confidence and let this friend present it to the Bank so that the Bank may be satisfied that all is right. I regret to give you so much trouble.","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 1st, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI recd. your welcome letter this morning. I regret to learn that you have all been ill, but trust that ere this reaches you, all may again be well. If Mr. Preston remains in Beverly much of his time, I would be glad if it could be so arranged so as to board with you, if your health would justify it, and other circumstances would justify it. But I fear that it could not be arranged so. But wherever he may stay when in Beverly you may through the blessing of God derive much aid from him by consulting him freely. He is reserved in his manners, and I think that the best way to treat him, is to be very cordial, and to evince a desire to see much of him, but after all, we must not depend too much on a man; but look up to our Heavenly Father for every needed aid. If we but live near to God, all things shall work together for our good. I regret to hear of Aunt White's blindness. Give my love to her \u0026 Uncle.","I am sorry that your furniture was injured even slightly. I expect that the expenses to Webster were not much more than customary. I didn't expect that you would favor the French bedstead as much as ours, but such a one as ours I have never seen in N. York, it is the Philadelphia style \u0026 besides it costs more than yours. I like the French and Anna would exchange it with you if practicable and says if you will send her yours she will send you hers. If you had been accustomed to Leery French Bedsteads all your life you would probably think the high ones quite clumsy affairs.","I hope that Williams will exchange with Judge Thompson and would be glad if he would do so next term which commences the 12th of next Sept. I hope if he comes that he will bring his wife with him.\n    \nI did not ask Mr. Rieston to take your Bible to you, as he said that he was going on horseback.","Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 29th 1860","My dear Sister, \nAmong the things laid out for this Saturday is the writing of a letter to you. The weather here is such that any one who does not learn at the feet of Jesus would pronounce dismal; as it is penetratingly damp in addition to wet falling snow- bordering on sleet. How different are the views of one who sees God in all things and one who sees Him in nothing. This reminds me of of the Peasant who said that the weather tomorrow will be just such as pleases me, because it will be such as pleases God, and that always pleases me.","How do you like Mr. Thomas Preston? What is being done for the Redeemers cause in Beverly? How I would like to be with you! A visit to you is one of the pleasant things in prospect. I hope that you are all well again.","Do not have too much anxiety about bringing up your children, trust in God assistance, and it will be given. I think of our Sainted Mother and take courage from God's promise I will show mercy unto thousands (of generations) of them that keep me commandments From this passage a parent as will as children may draw great comfort. If a parent but keeps God's commandments, he or she may be well assured that God's mercy will rest upon the children.","I am looking forward with great interest to the 4th of Jany. when the Christian people for assistance, of this land will lift their united prayer as incense to the Throne of God in Supplication for our unhappy country. What is the feeling about Beverly respecting Secession? I am anxious to hear from the native part of my state, I am strong for the Union at present, and if things become no worse, I hope to continue so. I think that the majority in this county are for the Union; but in counties bordering us there is a strong secession feeling. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 23rd, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour kind letter reached its destination after Anna had left for North Carolina to visit her parents and be present at her sister Sue's wedding. She left last Monday morning. I heard from her in Richmond. She wrote that Providence had greatly blest her. She went as far as Richmond with a lady from this place. From Richmond she was to go to her destination with her Brother William who was to leave Washington for the purpose.","I feel very lonesome \u0026 greatly wish that I had you as next door neighbor. Today is raining \u0026 I stay pretty much in doors.","I hope that Thomas will spare no pains to get all the education practicable before coming to the Institution. He will thus be enabled to take our course to greater advantage, and will be in a position to graduate higher in his class.","Yesterday was celebrated with becoming honor, due to the memory of Washington. I trust that this letter will find you all in usual health at least. My throat is troubling me today. I would be glad to hear from Thomas or from any of the children.","Your affect. brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 6th, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter net with a welcome reception and I intended answering it last Saturday, but was prevented. I am very much gratified to learn that Mr. A. has consented to aid the church provided Mr. P remains with you. From Grace's letter I saw that he would remain if a proper salary could be raised. Do what you all can to make up the amount \u0026 I will be responsible for the rest. I would rather pay his whole salary than have him leave Beverly at this time. I still hope that Mr. Arnold may become a Christian. I know that the change to effect this must be great, but who will limit the power of the Holy Ghost. You were once a disbeliever, but a mother's prayers have been (as I believe) answered \u0026 who can say but that your prayers \u0026 the prayers of others may be heard for Mr. Arnold: for years I have been praying for him \u0026 expect to continue doing so. how great has been the change in him to agree to aid in preaching the Gospel. Pray on for him \u0026 pray for more faith. You speak of your temptations- that you shall be a cast away: don't tolerate such an idea for a moment. God draws his sensible presence from us to try our faith. When a cloud comes between you and the sun do you fear that the sun will never appear again? I am well satisfied that you are a child of God, and that you will be saved in Heaven, therefore ever to dwell with the ransomed of the Lord. So you must not doubt. The Natural Sun may never return to the view of the child of God when once concealed by an intervening cloud but the Sun of Righteousness will. But there is one very essential thing to the child of God who would enjoy the comforts of religion \u0026 that is he or she must live in accordance with the law of God- must have no will but his- Knowing the path of duty, must not hesitate for a moment, but at once[?] walk in it. Jesus says my yoke is easy \u0026 my burden is light \u0026 this is true, if we but follow him in the prompt discharge of every duty, but we mustn't hesitate a moment about doing our[?] duty under all circumstances as soon as it is made known to us \u0026 we should always seek by prayer to be taught our duty.","If temptations are presented, you must not think that you are committing sin in consequence of having a sinful thought- The Savior thought a sinful thought of worshipping Satan, what could be more abhorrent to a Christian's feeling than such a thought. But such thoughts become sinful if we derive pleasure from them, we must abhor them if we would prevent our sinning. The Devil inputs sinful ideas into our minds to disrupt our peace \u0026 to make us sin \u0026 it is our duty to see by prayer \u0026 watchfulness that we are not defiled by them.\n    \nGod has done great things; astonishing things for you \u0026 your family. Don't doubt his eternal love for you.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 13th, 1861","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to answer your letter for some time, but have from various causes been prevented. I wish I could see you with me again in Lexington, but as I don't expect to have that pleasure this spring, I hope to see you in Beverly next summer. In regard to those little histories of which you spoke, I will try \u0026 get Mr. Thomas to take a couple of them to you as a present. They may keep you reading until you have an opportunity of purchasing yours. Send to Harper \u0026 Brother, New York \u0026 I think if you will write to them beforehand that they will let you have them a quarter lower that the retail price which was 60 cents. When I purchased mine he let me have them at 45 cents, as I purchased a number of Books and I think he will do the same now. I don't like to ask Mr. Preston to carry anything, as he will probably not be able to take everything which he wants of his own, in consequence of his being on horseback \u0026 leaving home for several months \u0026 possibly for a year.","Your Aunt will attend to your request. I am sorry to learn that Mr. Chenoweth's health has failed: but hope that he may soon be restored. ","We have had very wet weather here during the present week, but I think that it is probably about over.","Your Aunt joins me in love to you all. She spoke of writing to day, but as I wanted to answer your letter she consented to postpone hers.","You must write to me often. \nYour affectionate Uncle \nThomas.","I am gratified to see from your letter that you are so much pleased with Mr. Preston as a preacher.","Baltimore \u0026 Ohio R. R. Telgraph","By Telegraph","Dated H. Ferry April 30, 1861 \nTo Jas. M. Jackson","An ordinance equalizing taxation onproperty throughout the sate of Virginia passed the convention of this twenty seventh inst (27th). Let papers publish.","T. J. Jackson \nCol. Commanding \nat Harpers Ferry","Charge 25 cts.","Division Head Qrts. \nHarpers Ferry \nMay 5th, 1861","Colonel, \nThe object of this letter is to request that you will look our for the interests of Massie, McDonald, and Cunnningham, they are all valuable officers. Though I recommended Massie to the Governor soon after my arrival here, yet at that time I didn't know his full worth. He is an invaluable staff officer, and I should greatly regret to lose him. I hope that you may find it consistent with the interest if Public Service to give him a Lieutenant Coloneley of the Inspector Generals Department.","McDonald and Cunningham both prefer the Corps of Engineers (Regular Service).","I am colonel, \nVery Respectfully yours. \nT. J. Jackson","To \nCol. F. H. Smith \nMember of Council of State","Harper's Ferry \nMay 25th, 1861","Governor, \nThe object of this letter is to state that Mr. W. S. H. Baylor, late Colonel of the Augusta regiment has qualities which would make him a valuable Colonel if an opportunity were offered for their development. During the insubordination at this place, which resulted from depriving the works of their field and general offices, Mr. B. instead of at once going to Richmond to advance his personal interests, remained here until he succeeded in quelling the insubordination in his Regiment, and I was forcibly impressed with the influence which he exerted over his men. He possesses fine qualities for an officer and consequently feels deeply that the other Colonels were reinstated whilst he was only appointed a Major. I am well satisfied from what I know of him personally, that he would as a colonel, be an ornament to the Service. \nI am Governor, your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nCol. Va. Vols.","Jany. 2d, 1862","Major, \nI am much obliged to you for the nice lemons you have sent me.\nIssue one day's rations of Hd. Bd. As you suggest.\nI am glad to see that you are so well supplied.\nYou disappointed not only me but the Staff by not dining with us on Christmas.","I have been concerned about your health, as I hear that you do not look so well as usual. I hope that you will take special care of your health.","Respectfully yours, \nT. J. Jackson\nLt. Genl.","Hear Quarters Valley Dist. \nUnger's Store Jany. 13, 1862","General, \nThe enemy have evacuated Romney, leaving part of their stores behind. \nRespectfully you Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. Comd.","Genl. J. E. Johnston \nComd. Dept. of N. Va.","Winchester \nFeby 11th 1862","My dear Doctor \nYour very kind and Christian letter respecting my proposed withdrawal from Field Service has been received, and be assured that it met with a cordial reception. My desire to serve our cause is undiminished, but I am in active service not because it is more congenial to my taste, but from a sense of duty. The moment that my services are not required in the field I desire to return to the Institute.","After God had restored to us the county of Morgan East of the Big Capon River and the most valuable portion of Hampshire County, and was still driving the enemy from this Military District, the Secretary of War without consulting me upon the subject, sent an order to me stating that he has information, that Genl. Loring's command is in danger of being cut off, and directs me to order him back to Winchester immediately, thus unnecessarily abandoning to the enemy what had been restored to us. If such a policy as that was to be pursued by the Secretary at his desk far removed from the theatre of war, ruin must result to our cause, and I feel called upon to utter my strongest protest against such a ruinous policy, and this I designed doing by offering to resign, rather than be the willful instrument of carrying out a ruinous policy. So far as the secretary may have shown indignity to me personally, that is not a matter to be considered in times like the present. I am satisfied that my course was a good one for our cause, the effect that it may injuriously have in the estimation of men respecting me, is of but little moment.","I say it humbly but with the hope that you will live to see that my course has been what it should have been. I am every ready to remain in the field when I can have a prospect of being useful there. Pray that I may be useful.\nI am sincerely your friend \nT.J. Jackson","Winchester \nFeby 18th, 1862","General \nI have received information that there is below Washington another Brigade besides Sickles' and that they are provided with pontoon trains by which they can cross their Art. \u0026 other force in about four (4) hours and that they design doing so with the night at three or four different points, and that the first favorable night is the time fixed upon. That the crossing is to be followed by the reoccupation of Fredericksburg.","The 1st Tennessee leaves for Knoxville at dawn tomorrow morning. Would have left this morning, but I thought it best not to move until something could be heard respecting the time when the cars could receive them, as the weather has been very bad, and the troops are comfortable in their present position, \u0026 are within a day's march of Strasburg. Tomorrow at 10 o'clock A.M. the 1st Georgia will leave, and the Regiments for Genl Humes will move in time for their R. R. transportation. As there is no evidence of an immediate move on this place, I do not attach much importance to the information respecting the crossing of the Potomac below you, but have felt it my duty to make mention of it. The information is that the crossing is to be at night. The troops for Manassas can leave at any time via Snicker's Gap; as the boats now there will transport 250 Inft. per trip, but unless I receive further instructions from you, I will keep them as you directed until after the Regiments for the Virginia District leave.","Respectfully your Obt. Servt. \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl","Winchester, VA. \nFebruary 18th 1862","J. J. Jackson Major Gen. Comdg.","Reports information concerning enemy's strenght \u0026 intended operations on lower Potomac. Departure of the troops of Genl. Loring's command.","Winchester \n8.40 p.m. March 4/62","General \nMy dispatch to Genl. Johnston of yesterday as well as today was important. Please let me now at once whether either of them was captured. I think that we had better send nothing more for the present via Snicker's Gap, but everything via Ashby's. I will keep a lookout for [Miss] Osborn. I will understand the [ ]1. The Yankees are in Smithfield which is about 6 miles west of Charles Town.","Respectfully your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nBrig Genl. D. H. Hill \nComd C. S. Forces, Leesburg.","Winchester \nMarch 7th, 1862","My Dear Colonel, \nI much regret that there should be an attempt at such foul aspirations against your character as named in your letter, which I received yesterday. On the 21st Inst. my mind was so occupied with the movement of troops during the Battle, that I observed but little of the minutia of individuals beyond what was necessary to see plans carried out. But so favorable was the impression of your conduct on my mind at the time of making out my report, when my memory was more fresh than at present, that I felt it was official duty to speak of you in terms of great praise. At the time of making out my report, I was suffering from my wound, and wrote but a short report, but all that is in it respecting yourself, is such testimony, as a meritorious officer successfully fighting for the Liberty of his country deserves. I see that I forwarded your report to Genl. Johnston and you had better get a copy of mine from him if you need it, as there might be a military impropriety in my sending you a copy. If the General hasn't got mine, request him to direct me to furnish him with a copy, or to furnish you with it either. But if you have any hesitation about making the request of the Genl. let me know, and I will send you a copy of the report so far as it relates to you. I did not retain a copy of your Report.","Today I will commence in a quiet way gathering up such facts and names as may be of use to you, should there be any occasion for them. Anything I can do, you must depend upon me for as it will be both a duty and pleasure to send you.","Your daughter, Mrs. [?] and Mrs. Jackson left here in the same stage on last Tuesday. Sandy is recovering from a very severe cold.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley District \nNear Mt. Jackson March 20th, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nAs Lt. Col. Grisby was on furlough when I last wrote to you, my second letter has been postponed until his return. I sent for him today, and he states that he probably saw more of you during the Battle, and had more to say to you, than any other officer; and that you behaved as bravely as an officer should, and appears to have been impressed with your coolness and courage, and speaks of your conduct in high terms, and says that with the exception McLachlin d of the time when you went to the rear \u0026 hitched your horse, that you were forward with your battery.","McLachlin does not appear to recollect much respecting you during the engagement as he states that his attention was given to his pieces, and that is very natural, I know that I observed but little of individuals except as duty brought me in contact with them. Though he says that you were with the leading piece when the battery went forward on the line of battle, and that his his opinion is that just before the piece went to the rear, you gave direction respecting the firing.","Should you have Brockenbrough Court Marshaled, I would advise you to have Grisby summoned as a witness. ","Very Truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley Dist. \nApril 16th, 1862","Mrs. M. K. Langhorne, \nYour note respecting you brave son has been recd. and I hasten to say that you may rest assured that I will give special attention not only to his exchange when an opportunity offers but also to his unfortunate comrades.","Yours sincerely, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. V. Dist. \nBig Spring \nApril 18th, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Inst.","General, \nIf you can possibly spare Colonel Williamson for a week or ten days, I hope that you will give him a leave of absence for the purpose of assisting me professionally.","I am General your obdt. servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Hd. Qts. at Swift Run Gap \nApril 28, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. V. M. Institute","General, \nI have an important movement in contemplation and I regret to trouble you again when the subject of letting Col. Williamson join me for a few days; but if you can possibly do so, I hope that you will let him leave immediately upon the receipt of this, and join me with all possible dispatch. Should he come, let him on reaching Staunton call on Major A. W. Harman for relays of horses in order that he may reach this point or wherever it may be in the shortest time.","My prayer is that the proposed undertaking will receive God's blessing for without it I can do nothing.","Should you be able to grant my request, you may rest assured that I will not retain the Colonel longer than necessary and should you desire his services at any time before the completion of his work, you have but to notify me.","I send herewith authority for him to impress horses.","I am General your obedt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Head Quarters May 3rd, 1862","Spec. Orders \nNo. 214","Maj. Gen. F.H. Smith having brought the Corps of Cadets of the Va. Mil. Inst. into the field, Quartermasters, Commissaries, and Ordinance Officers will furnish him all necessary supplies from their respective Departments.","By Order \nMaj. Gen. Jackson \nA.S. Pendleton \nA. A. A. G.","Near Harrisonburg \nMay 19th, 1862 \nHon. A. R. Boteler","Dear Sir, \nAccording to my promise I notify you that I am going down the Valley. But I can not say that I would advise to come on as my movements mat not be such as would enable you to visit your home. Should you feel at liberty to join me, I hope that you will do so at your earliest convenience.","What is the prospect of having Lt. Cols. J. R. Jones \u0026 A. Snead appointed Brig. Generals.","Very truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qtrs. Valley District \nMay 29, 1862 \nMajor Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Institute","General, \nI am very grateful to you for your cooperation. Please call on the proper Departments at Staunton for transportation and Subsistence. When I get a tent or room to write in you shall hear from me again.\nI am General, your obdt. Serv. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Port Republic \nJune 6, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nI have recommended Lt. Col. J. R. Jones late of the 33rd Regt. Va. Vols. For a Brigadier Generalcy. I greatly need his services as such, any thing you can do towards securing his appointment will be valuable service rendered to our cause. You may remember the part he bore in the capture of the arsenal at Apalachicola. To him was entrusted the quelling of the insurrectionary movement in this District last Spring and it was effected greatly to my satisfaction. ","Col. J. goes to Richmond at my request. My recommendation of him sometime since was without his knowledge, and he is too modest a gentleman to do much in the way of pressing this matter as it affects him personally(?), and I therefore trust that this will do it for him. Please introduce him to Hon. A. R. Boteler, who has already taken steps towards securing the appointment.\nRemember me very kindly to the Governor.","Very truly your friend, \nT. J Jackson","Gordonsville \nJune 20th, 1864","My dear Doctor, \nYours of the 9th instant has been received, but was not handed to me by Mr. [?].  If I see an opening for an army appointment for him, I will try and secure it but I fear that no such appointment will be secured without the recommendation of the Colonel or other officers of a regiment where his services may be desired.  If he can secure such a recommendation it will most certainly secure the appointment.  I am glad that he has come, and I will talk with Major Dabney respecting him, with the hope that the Major may be the means under God of increasing his usefulness.","For our prayer accept my warmest thanks, and I trust that you, and all our Christian people will with increased [?] with God implore his blessing upon our cause.  He can give us victory, and crown us with complete success, and He alone can.  My trust is in Him, and in Him along, and unto His name be all the glory for every success and every blessing.","Give my kindest regards to Mrs. White and all the family.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","White Oak Bridge \nJuly 10th, 1862","General, \nYours of this date has been received. I send you a copy of the order for falling back. There are no infantry that I am aware of in front of you this morning. If no instructions have reached you, I would, if in your place, move off to your position near Williamsburg road. I expect to leave here this evening about 3 o' clock.","Stuart is still in front. I saw Capt. Rufus Barring yesterday. He says that his youngest child if dangerously ill.","Respectfully, \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","July 31st, 1862 \nMy dear Doctor, \nI am very grateful to you for your prayers to God for the success of the operation which God has entrusted to me. Please continue to pray for me and for the success of the troops entrusted to me. It cheers my heart to think that many of God's people are praying to our very kind Heavenly Father for the success of the army to which I belong. Without God's blessing I look for no success, and for every success my prayer is, that all the glory may be given unto Him to whom it is properly due. If people would but give all the glory to God, and regard his creatures as but unworthy instruments, my heart would rejoice. Alas too frequently the praise is bestowed upon the creature. Whilst we must not forget the superior importance of spiritual victories, yet I trust that you will under God's direction do what you can in securing the prayers of His people for the success of our arms, especially for the success of them which are entrusted to me, an unworthy servant, but who desires to glorify His name even in my present military calling. My trust is in God for success. Praying for a continuation of your usefulness I remain your much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","My Dear Maggie \nIn haste I drop you a line in answer to your letter of Oct.3d. I regret not having a position to which propriety Mr. Estill can be assigned. The best opening that I see for him is to secure an appointment as an ordnance officer. There are to be 70 appointed after being examined by a board upon their qualifications. Harry Estill is among the number. It appears to me that his brother Charles ought to pass examination by giving attention to the subject.","I am much obliged to you for your kindness. ","I deeply sympathize with you all in the death of dear Willie. He was in my first Sabbath school class where I became attached to him when he was a little boy. I had expected to have him as one of my aid de camps but God in his providence has ordered otherwise.","Remember me very kindly to Col. Preston \u0026 all the family. \nAffectionately your brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Near Gordonsville \nAug 7th, 1862","General, \nI am much obliged to you for giving Cadet Morrison a leave of absence. Should you not receive from his father a letter within the prescribed time requesting that his son's resignation be accepted, I respectfully request that you will accept it upon this my application.","I am General yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","5 am Bristow \n27 Augt 62","General, \nPermit me to congratulate you upon the brilliant success with which God has blessed you.  You deserve promotion. The 12 Geo. \u0026 15th Ala. Regt. have been ordered to you this morning.","If you have commissary stores enough please send 5000 rations to Genl. Ewell at Bristow as soon as you can get transportation.","I am Genl yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Sharpsburg \nSept 16th, 1862","Miss Fairfield, \nI have received the nice breakfast for which I am indebted to your kindness.  Please accept my grateful appreciation of you hospitality.\nVery sincerely yours, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd Qrs V. Dist Sept. 22nd, 1862","General, \nI respectfully recommend that Corporal Jas. P. Smith of the Rockbridge Artillery be appointed Aid de Camp and directed to report to me for duty. As 1st Lt. G. G. Junkin has resigned I desire Mr. Smith to be his successor. He has been acting as A. D. C. since the 20th instant and I respectfully request that his appointment be dated accordingly.","I am General your most obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","T. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. V. Dist. Oct. 15th, 1862","Revoking approval of Maj. Genl. D. H. Hill recommendation of Col. D. K. McBeal for a Brigadier Generalcy.","Hd. Qrs. A. N. Va. \nOctober 16th, 1862 \nResptly forwarded \nBy order of Genl. R. E. Lee","Clarke County Va. \nOct. 30th, 1862","My dear Doctor, \nYour kind and Christian letter of the 16th inst, with the accompanying resolution have been received, I write this note to thank you for having so effectually complied with my request, and to ask that your prayers and Christian efforts be continued as before requested, My trust is in God, and it is a great comfort to know that he answers prayer. I am very thankful to our kind Heavenly Father for restoring you to health. I hope that both your sons if not entirely well at present soon will be. \nYour much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","Dec. 7th, 1862","Dear Genl, \nI have not yet found the sermon by Bishop Elliott of which mention was made when with you last. But I send herewith another of his sermons which I hope you will after reading forward to some friend in order that it may under God's blessing accomplish much good. The part marked on the 19th \u0026 20th pages comes up to my idea of what is the very reasonable \u0026 most important duty and high privilege of our people at this time.","The sermon was given me by Mrs. Brent of Winchester last winter or early in March and has not been sent out among the troops as all religious matter should.","Sincerely your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va. \nDec. 8th, 1862","Genl, \nWhen you last wrote I presume that Mount Mass. \u0026 Hop Yard were not picketed for want of time after Genl. E. received the order, but before [now] I expect that the pickets are in position. I wish that you and Genl. E. would arrange the picketing dividing the work between the two divisions proportionally","I have written to Genl. Lee for the purpose of having a [c?] picket at Dickinson's crossing.","I am Genl. Yr. obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.","Major, \nCol. Crutchfield is very desirous of having a commissary for my reserve Art. The object of this note is to ascertain whether you have one that can be assigned there. Who have you at Milford Depot?","If you have no commissary to spare for the purpose, and you know of a suitable person I wish you would recommend him and send the recommendation through these Hd. Qrs. How would Campbell do? What I desire you to do is to recommend the most worthy if one is to be appointed.","Can one commissary attend to the duties at Milford Depot and also to seeing that the Arty. wants?","Take care of yourself \u0026 when you feel like taking a long ride, come down and see me.","Respectfully your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","My dear sister Isabella, \nYour letter of the 15th respecting Genl. Hill was received yesterday. My first step was to try and arrange things so that he would remain with this Army; but after several interviews with him and also with Genl. Lee, I became satisfied that it would be impolite to insist on his remaining. Genl. Lee manifested to great interest in Genl. Hill, and a great desire that he should not resign. He \u0026 I took the same view as yourself respecting his feelings after being out of service a while, and we both thought it best that he should be ordered to Richmond where he could be ordered to duty else where \u0026 to some position where he could have more comforts than with this company or he given a leave to go home as circumstances might justify. It appears that the War Department took a similar view. The last news received from the Dept. was that his resignation would not be accepted at present but if necessary, a leave of absence granted. I am probably wrong in saying that this Course was determined on by the War Dept. What I should have said, is, that Genl. Lee who has returned from Richmond told me that he had so recommended and I am well satisfied that his recommendation has not been departed from.  Genl. Hill has probably explained to you before this, the causes which induced him to leave here. I tried to remove what I could influence, but was not successfull. For his services the Country owes him a lasting debt of gratitude. My prayer is that he will continue in the service until the war terminates, and that our Heavenly Father will give him success. And that his health and strength will not be so over taxed in the future as it had been in the past.","The subject of his leaving the army gave me great concern. I did not like to take any steps which would be distasteful to him. Though I thought he ought to go to Richmond, yet as he expressed his desire not to leave if a battle was about to take place, and as one might be fought any day. So far as I knew, I felt a hesitancy about doing anything which would separate him from his division in case of an action.","Genl. Lee proposed that he should take a leave of absence, and return to his division in the Spring, but Genl. Hill did not accept of it.","Though the case has been such as to give anxiety to you, Genl. Lee \u0026 myself, I am satisfied that Our God will over rule it for good. For He causes all things to work together for good to them who love Him. If the Genl. is at home when this reaches you, please give my love to him. Joseph, Robert and Maj. Ewing[?] are well. I have not seen Mr. Barrington for nearly two months. Give love to the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Corbyn's Farm \nCaroline Co. Va. \nFeby 11th, 1863","My dear Captain, \nYour letter of the 5th instant has been received, and your request will receive special attention. I am not sanguine of success, but an available opportunity may occur.","I regret to heat of the continued delicate health of Mrs. B. \u0026 child. Joseph Morrison has gone home to see his mother who is seriously ill. Capt. Avery had also gone on leave of absence of 25 days.","Genl. Hill has been assigned to duty in N.C.","Mr. Irwin \u0026 Sis with their children were at Cottage Home at last account. I hope that they will be there when Anna \u0026 Paul arrive there.","Should you come near me. I hope that you will not pass by without calling.","Very truly yours, \nT. J. Jackson","P.S. Genl. Stuart has arrived since the foregoing and he desires getting you appointed on His Military Court of which he has the promise. Say nothing about this, as the court is not yet secured. \nT. J. J.","Hd. Qrs. 2d Corps A. N. V. \nMarch 23d, 1863","General, \nI have learned officially this evening, that Mr. Col. Wm. R. Cox 2d N.C. Regt. \u0026 Judge Advocate of the General Court Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones is absent and will not return until the 2d of April. Under these circumstances I would respectfully recommend that Col. D.B. Penn of the 7th Louisiana Regt. be appointed Judge Advocate of the Court.","The accompanying papers were returned to me today by Col. W. P. Bynum of the 2d N. C. I. One of the envelopes was opened by him under the impression that the package concerned his Regt.","I am Genl. your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Gen.","T. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A.N.V. \nMarch 23, 1863 \nRecommending that Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.","Near Fredericksburg, Va. \nApril 15th, 1863 \nMessrs. Mitchell \u0026 Tyler","Gentlemen, \nYour note of the 11th instant informing me that you have not only repaired my watch but also replaced the indistinct gold dial by a white one, gratuitously has been received.","The object of this note is to thank you for your kindness, and to say that not only is the watch thoroughly repaired; but that I regard its usefulness materially enhanced by the new dial.","I am gentlemen, \n[Signature missing/cut out from letter at unknown date]","7.45 A. M.","General, \nYour dispatch of 6. A. m. has been recd. I have sent a scouting party down the road you are on for the purpose of communicating with you.  The party has taken 2 prisoners who report back of a regt. In rifle [?] in the wood.  I have ordered a force to the wood for the purpose of clearing it.","Respectfully, \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Major, \nPlease forward the above by telegraph.","I hope to get you a Colonelcy.","Yours truly \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStonewall Jackson papers, 1844-1915. MS 0102. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844-1915. MS 0102. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll are original letters (ALS) written by Stonewall Jackson, unless noted otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters written while Stonewall Jackson was a cadet at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter fragment regards Stonewall Jackson's health and furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters written by Stonewall Jackson during the Mexican War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten on board the ship James L. Day. Letter regards travel to Point Isabel, Texas and general news about the Mexican War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Point Isabel, Texas. Letter regards travel to Texas, family matters, and plans to travel \"up the Rio Grande tomorrow.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Veracruz, Mexico. Letter regards news of the Mexican War, daily life at camp, Stonewall Jackson's health, and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from camp near Veracruz, Mexico. Letter requests compensation for quartermaster duties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards a \"detailed acount of Mexico.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards troop movements and life at camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards general news of the war and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter describes the Passeo, a central road through the city, and general news of the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from National Palace, Mexico. Letter regards news of the war and General Pillow's trial.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Governors Island, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's new station.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Letter regards a trip to attend a court martial and the desire to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and travel back to New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards style of dress, historical studies, and that \"cholera has entirely disappeared from this place.\" Additionally, the letter includes a discussion of a thermometer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards book catalogs and Stonewall Jackson's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health, magazine subscriptions, and finances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards family news, Stonewall Jackson's concern for Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) eyesight, and a new diet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a fire at the stables, a potential visit in October, and Stonewall Jackson's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards the death of \"Uncle Cummins\" and family finances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Plattsburgh, New York. Letter regards travel to New York \"for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards an Invoice of Public Property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a potential visit in October and the death of \"Uncle Cummins.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Ontario, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's membership \"of Courts Martial.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from West Point, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's visit to West Point.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Meade, Florida. In the letter, Stonewall Jackson gives his approval to put his name before the VMI Board of Visitors for a professorship position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards a potential position at VMI and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment as a VMI Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's arrival at VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson starting his academic duties and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health and a discussion of Christianty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards academic duties and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Stonewall Jackson's trip to see Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) next summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards garden seeds, fruit, and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a potential visit from George P. Terrill and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a missing package, family news, and a vocal concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and barracks construction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virgina. Letter regards the springs and Stonewall Jackson's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards an appreciation of Lexington and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards course designs for law lectures and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and preparations for teaching Natural Philosophy and Artillery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards health and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and a potential visit in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards the springs and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to Niagara Falls, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) daughter and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's application for professorship at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) infant daughter and Stonewall Jackson's pending appointment at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and includes a portion written by Elinor Junkin Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Healing Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to the springs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Stonewall Jackson's wife Elinor Junkin Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchase of books and health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Uncle Alred's.\" Letter regards the potential purchase of land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards family news and notes that the cadets \"have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond [Virginia] but are expected to be home today.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter fragment regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFragment regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lextington, Virginia. Letter regards corrections to the letter and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to Liverpool, England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Ship Asia at Sea.\" Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and the cities he wants to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Naples, Italy. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the places Stonewall Jackson visited during his trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. In the letter Stonewall Jackson announces his engagement to Mary Anna Morrison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to Alum Springs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and mentions VMI faculty meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Mary Graham Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to visit the Arnold family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas arriving in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from White Sulphur Springs, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Thomas Arnold's accounts, which are written on the back of the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter fragment regards discussion of purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and Grace Arnold's education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchases for the house. The letter also contains a portion written by Mary Anna Jackson regarding a clothing pattern.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Grace Arnold's education and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTelegram regards \"equalizing taxation onproperty\" in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards military officers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards appointing W. S. H. Baylor as a colonel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards rations and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Under's Store, HQ, Valley District.\" Letter regards enemy troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards news of the Civil War and Stonewall Jackson's desire to return to VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards support of the Colonel in response to \"such foul aspirations against your character.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Near Mr. Jackson,\" Virginia. Letter praises William N. Pendleton for actions in battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the status of Margaret K. Langhorne's son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Big Spring, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Swift Run Gap, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder regards VMI Corps of Cadets joining the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten \"Near Harrisonburg,\" Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Valley District, Virginia. Letter thanks Francis H. Smith for his cooperation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Port Republic, Virginia. Letter regards promotion requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Gordonsville, Virginia. Letter regards potential promotions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from White Oak Bridge, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Bunker Hill, Virginia. Letter regards a potential position for \"Mr. Estill.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten \"Near Gordonsville,\" Virginia. Letter regards a leave of absence for Cadet Morrison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Bristow, Virginia. Letter regards Isaac R. Trimble's promotion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Miss Fairfield for breakfast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the potential appointment of Corporal Jas. P. Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder regards rovoking Col. D. K. McBeal as a brigadier general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards religion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\" Letter regards general Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\" Letter regards commissary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Caroline County, Virgina. Letter regards \"Gen. Hill\" leaving the Army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Caroline County, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter recommends that \"Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Near Fredericksburg,\" Virginia. Letter thanks Mitchell and Tyler for repairing a watch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePost-Civil War memoirs (circa 1865), written by Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving. The memoirs recount the winter of 1862-1863 when Stonewall Jackson established winter quarters on the Corbin estate in Moss Neck, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists primarily of the incoming and outgoing correspondence files of Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) from the post-Civil War era.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains papers relating to Julia Jackson Christian.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence to and from Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson), Stark W. Arnold, Jonathan Arnold, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes pamphlets concerning the life of Stonewall Jackson, sheet music dedicated to Jackson, and other items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.","The papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.","The papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).","All are original letters (ALS) written by Stonewall Jackson, unless noted otherwise.","Letters written while Stonewall Jackson was a cadet at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter fragment regards Stonewall Jackson's health and furlough.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letters written by Stonewall Jackson during the Mexican War.","Written on board the ship James L. Day. Letter regards travel to Point Isabel, Texas and general news about the Mexican War.","Written from Point Isabel, Texas. Letter regards travel to Texas, family matters, and plans to travel \"up the Rio Grande tomorrow.\"","Written from Veracruz, Mexico. Letter regards news of the Mexican War, daily life at camp, Stonewall Jackson's health, and family matters.","Written from camp near Veracruz, Mexico. Letter requests compensation for quartermaster duties.","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards a \"detailed acount of Mexico.\"","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards troop movements and life at camp.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards general news of the war and family matters.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter describes the Passeo, a central road through the city, and general news of the war.","Written from National Palace, Mexico. Letter regards news of the war and General Pillow's trial.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment.","Written from Governors Island, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's new station.","Written from Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Letter regards a trip to attend a court martial and the desire to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and travel back to New York.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards style of dress, historical studies, and that \"cholera has entirely disappeared from this place.\" Additionally, the letter includes a discussion of a thermometer.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards book catalogs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health, magazine subscriptions, and finances.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards family news, Stonewall Jackson's concern for Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) eyesight, and a new diet.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a fire at the stables, a potential visit in October, and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards the death of \"Uncle Cummins\" and family finances.","Written from Plattsburgh, New York. Letter regards travel to New York \"for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\"","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards an Invoice of Public Property.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a potential visit in October and the death of \"Uncle Cummins.\"","Written from Fort Ontario, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's membership \"of Courts Martial.\"","Written from West Point, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's visit to West Point.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. In the letter, Stonewall Jackson gives his approval to put his name before the VMI Board of Visitors for a professorship position.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards a potential position at VMI and family news.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment as a VMI Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's arrival at VMI.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson starting his academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health and a discussion of Christianty.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Stonewall Jackson's trip to see Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) next summer.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards garden seeds, fruit, and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a potential visit from George P. Terrill and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a missing package, family news, and a vocal concert.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and barracks construction.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virgina. Letter regards the springs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards an appreciation of Lexington and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards course designs for law lectures and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and preparations for teaching Natural Philosophy and Artillery.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards health and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and a potential visit in July.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards the springs and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to Niagara Falls, New York.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) daughter and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's application for professorship at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) infant daughter and Stonewall Jackson's pending appointment at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and includes a portion written by Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from Healing Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to the springs.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Stonewall Jackson's wife Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchase of books and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from \"Uncle Alred's.\" Letter regards the potential purchase of land.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Letter regards family news and notes that the cadets \"have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond [Virginia] but are expected to be home today.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter fragment regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Fragment regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lextington, Virginia. Letter regards corrections to the letter and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to Liverpool, England.","Written from \"Ship Asia at Sea.\" Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and the cities he wants to visit.","Written from Naples, Italy. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the places Stonewall Jackson visited during his trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. In the letter Stonewall Jackson announces his engagement to Mary Anna Morrison.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to Alum Springs.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and mentions VMI faculty meetings.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to visit the Arnold family.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas arriving in Virginia.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from White Sulphur Springs, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Thomas Arnold's accounts, which are written on the back of the letter.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter fragment regards discussion of purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and Grace Arnold's education.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchases for the house. The letter also contains a portion written by Mary Anna Jackson regarding a clothing pattern.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Grace Arnold's education and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Telegram regards \"equalizing taxation onproperty\" in Virginia.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards military officers.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards appointing W. S. H. Baylor as a colonel.","Letter regards rations and general news.","Written from \"Under's Store, HQ, Valley District.\" Letter regards enemy troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards news of the Civil War and Stonewall Jackson's desire to return to VMI.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards support of the Colonel in response to \"such foul aspirations against your character.\"","Written from \"Near Mr. Jackson,\" Virginia. Letter praises William N. Pendleton for actions in battle.","Letter regards the status of Margaret K. Langhorne's son.","Written from Big Spring, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Written from Swift Run Gap, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Order regards VMI Corps of Cadets joining the Civil War.","Written \"Near Harrisonburg,\" Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Valley District, Virginia. Letter thanks Francis H. Smith for his cooperation.","Written from Port Republic, Virginia. Letter regards promotion requests.","Written from Gordonsville, Virginia. Letter regards potential promotions.","Written from White Oak Bridge, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Bunker Hill, Virginia. Letter regards a potential position for \"Mr. Estill.\"","Written \"Near Gordonsville,\" Virginia. Letter regards a leave of absence for Cadet Morrison.","Written from Bristow, Virginia. Letter regards Isaac R. Trimble's promotion.","Letter thanks Miss Fairfield for breakfast.","Letter regards the potential appointment of Corporal Jas. P. Smith.","Order regards rovoking Col. D. K. McBeal as a brigadier general.","Letter regards religion.","Written from \"Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\" Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from \"Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\" Letter regards commissary.","Written from Caroline County, Virgina. Letter regards \"Gen. Hill\" leaving the Army.","Written from Caroline County, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Letter recommends that \"Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\"","Written from \"Near Fredericksburg,\" Virginia. Letter thanks Mitchell and Tyler for repairing a watch.","Letter regards troop movements.","Post-Civil War memoirs (circa 1865), written by Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving. The memoirs recount the winter of 1862-1863 when Stonewall Jackson established winter quarters on the Corbin estate in Moss Neck, Virginia.","This series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).","This series consists primarily of the incoming and outgoing correspondence files of Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) from the post-Civil War era.","This series contains papers relating to Julia Jackson Christian.","This series includes correspondence to and from Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson), Stark W. Arnold, Jonathan Arnold, and others.","This series includes pamphlets concerning the life of Stonewall Jackson, sheet music dedicated to Jackson, and other items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a29f9f8b59d941d7ba0273232d427810\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911"],"persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":185,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:10:42.873Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_591.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00008.xml","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1844-1915"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1844-1915"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591"],"text":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591","Stonewall Jackson papers","Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches","The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use.","A significant portion of the Stonewall Jackson papers are available \n online .","Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.","Jackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.","In April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.","Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving (1826-1919). Her first husband was Richard Corbin of Moss Neck Plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Following Richard's death in the Civil War, she married Reverend Ovid Americus Kinsolving.","...Be not discouraged by disappointments \u0026 difficulties but on the contrary let each stimulate you to greater exertions for attaining noble ends \u0026 an approving conscience at least will be your reward. Please write to me soon. My health is as good as usual. During my furlough I was made an officer consequently my duties are lighter than usual. You may rest assured of my ....(section of letter missing)","....what I have formerly... \nfriend \u0026 brother \nThos. Jackson","...difficulty in obtaining them from the post office on account of another cadet's name being Thomas. R. Jackson.","I am at present living in a room by myself my room mate having resigned in consequence of his father's ill health. The weather has been extremely cold \u0026 stormy here for the last few days though at present it is moderating. My studies for the approaching June examination will include Optics Mechanics Astronomy Magnetism \u0026 Chemistry together with drawing. I expect to commence taking exercises in riding in a day or two. At the examination last I rose in each of department of my studies.","A few days since I was called upon to pay the last token of my respect to a friend \u0026 fellow classmate in whom were combined both shining talents \u0026 the characteristics of a gentleman. His death was much lamented by his class mates who a few days subsequent to his death assembled \u0026 appointed a committee to attend to the erection of a monument to his memory. My health is at present as good as usual \u0026 I remain your well wishing brother \nT.J. Jackson","U.S.M.A. Aug 2nd 1845 \nDear Sister \nActuated by a sense of duty I proceed to writing you a few lines hoping that they may find you enjoying the blessings of health and prosperity generally which I have some reason to expect.","You may infer that I am well and enjoying myself very well considering that I am deprived of the blessings of a home the society of the friends of my child-hood the cordial welcome of relatives and above all the presence of an only sister. Times are now far different from what they once were. Once I was in my native state at my adopted home none to give there mandates none for me to obey but as I chose surrounded by my playmates and natives all apparently eager to promote my happiness. But those were the days of my youth they have fled never again to return. They have been succeeded by days of quite a different aspect they have brought forth manhood with all its cares.","I have before me two courses either of which I may chose in case that I am blessed with health and long life they are widely different in their natures and consequences. The first I may say would be to follow the profession of arms the second that of a civil pursuit as law. If I should adopt the first I could live independently \u0026 surrounded by friends whom I have all ready made have no fear of want, my pay would be be fixed. The principal thing I would have to attend to would be futurity. If I adopt the latter I presume that I would still find plenty of friends but my exertions would have to be great in order to acquire a name. This course is most congenial to my taste and consequently I expect to adopt it after spending a few years in pursuing the former.","I have forgotten the contents of my former letter consequently I will mention my standing as it exists at present . In Drawing it is 59th, in Chemistry 25th, in general standing 20th, in Philosophy 11th, in conduct 1st. There are 60 members in my class at present nineteen above me and forty below me.","I propose on coming to see my friends and yourself in July next.","A member of the Corps was drowned a few days since his body was recovered about 5 days subsequent to the fatal stroke and interred with the honors of war. I had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He was a youth of promise stood high in his class and bid fair for long life. The news must have inflicted a sore wound on the hearts of his parents for he certainly was a favorite child. The corps is at present in mourning for him.There have been a number of distinguished men on the point for some time back among whom was Major General Scott. Many visitors favour us with calls among them are a number of ladies but they are not so fair as the daughters of western Virginia.","Write to me frequently as your brother \nT.J. Jackson","West Point U.S.M.A. Nov. 25th 1845 \nDear Sister \nIt has been but a few moments since I had the pleasure of receiving your affectionate \u0026 sister like letter with it came the blended feelings of satisfaction sorrow and remorse. Satisfaction to think that I still have an existence in the heart of an amiable and admired sister. Sorrow because of your delicate health. Remorse for the misfortunes of an uncle who has been to me a true friend.","As to your health it is my sincere wish that you may again recover it and of which I continue to live in hopes. My constitution as well as your own has received a severe shock but I believe is gradually recovering from its debilitated state. My exercises this year with the broad sword as well as the small are well calculated to strengthen the chest \u0026 expand the muscles so that I have some reason to believe that they will have the desired effects of restoring me to perfect health. And I hope that the same kind providence which has preserved us as the remnant of a family up to the present period will again favor us with an interview although in its wisdom it has marked out for us (at least for a period) widely different spheres of action and different places of abode. But I look forward with no small degree of satisfaction to the period when my circumstances will allow me to settle down near you \u0026 among my relatives in order to share with yourselves the ineffable pleasures of domestic circles. For your kind advice, and well wishes, you have my hearty thanks.","Since my last letter I have been transferred to the first section in Ethics \u0026 I think that I have probably a mark in it which will place me among the first five in my class in this science \u0026 which I consider as preferable to any other in the course.","There is a young gentleman here by the name of Withers who is from the south he has told me that his father was formerly of Virginia \u0026 that he has relatives still living there \u0026 that one of them who is a doctor visited his father two or three years since.This youth is an associate of mine \u0026 I would be glad to know whether or no he is a relative of mine which I could do probably if I knew the given name of doctor Withers of Fauquier who I know visited the south sometime previous to my coming here. If you recollect the time of his passing through Weston as well as his name I would be glad if you would insert them in your next provided it will be convenient to you though I do not wish you to put yourself to the least trouble on that account as I can obtain them otherwise.","It is probable that you think hard of me because of my not writing more frequent. But I hope that the strict requirements of many duties as well as want of information \u0026 [_____] will prove a partial if not a complete excuse. Give my respects to Mr. Arnold \u0026 rest assured of my immutable attachment.","...is a little excitement owing to the proximity of Furlough \u0026 graduation.","I have been expecting a letter from you in answer to my last but not knowing what might have occurred I have deemed it best to attempt another hoping that it will meet with better success than the former. [Futile?] may be the effort and feeble it must be [missing word or words] -ation that I but seldom turn my atten[tion] [missing word or words] elegance of [missing]. I hope that you will [missing] it to pass unnoticed. Thought it be divested of ev[ery] artificial merit yet it [be possessed of] a natural....","Rumor appears to indicated a rupture between our government \u0026 that of the Mexican. If such should be the case the probability is that I will be ordered to join the army of occupation immediately \u0026 if so I will hardly see home until after my return \u0026 the next letter that you will receive from me may be dated Texas or Mexico. But be the decre[e?] [missing] all knowing God as they may I hope that [missing] [s]hall ever continue to love you with a [missing]..... \nT. J. Jackson","On Board the James L. Day \nSeptember 22d 1846","Dear Uncle \nI have often thought of writing to you but have deferred it until the present which is the latest news which I will be able of give you previous to leaving the United States. I found after arriving at Fort Columbus that Capt Taylor had left that post from that place. I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where he had taken up his quarters. Leaving there about ten days afterward, I traveled by land about 410 miles to Pittsburgh at which place I embarked on board the steam boat Suatara which conveyed me to Cincinnati. From that city I came to New Orleans on board the steamer Hendrik Hudson. I have just left New Orleans Barracks and am now being transported to Point Isabell which I expect to reach in about 2 or 3 days. I am at present with Captain Taylor (who is a Virginian and a very fine man) 27 men and 84 horses. The principal part of the company is in Mexico at present. I belong to a company of light Artillery which is frequently called flying artillery. In an action if all the officers of the company should be well I will have to carry dispatches being unfortunately too low to have a command. It is possible that before this time General Taylor has had another battle. If he has not already had one it is thought by men of experience that he will have before entering Monterey.","I sent uncle a few days since tell him if it is not there it to Clarksburg and tell (the merchant) that I wish him to give for it. It will be more to him than. (Note: the sentence contains several words that have been blacked out with ink, thus making the full meaning difficult to determine)","The weather here is more pleasant than it was in the north before I left there. The city of New Orleans is very healthy and there is no yellow fever in it at present. I am enjoying comparatively good health at present and I do not believe that I have the liver complaint but am under the impression that the disease is neuralgic.","Give my respects to my friends including your family of course and write to me as soon as you [can] ascertain where to direct your letter.","T. J. Jackson \nP.S. I have arrived in sight of Point Isabel Texas and am now at anchor in a strong gale. The news came aboard yesterday that General Taylor would be ready for a battle on yesterday. The intelligence was by letter from Col. Whiting. I expect soon to start up the Rio Grande by steam for the purpose of joining the main body of the army as soon as possible.","TJJ","Point Isabel Texas \nSept 25th/46","Dear Sister: \nI arrived in this port last evening and purposed on writing to you before closing my eyes in sleep but I was prevented from executing my purpose by the impossibility of procuring an idle pen. I have availed myself of this opportunity of writing in particular as it may be the last favorable one for days to come as in this country letters are generally transmitted from one person to another through the kindness of a third person or the quartermasters. How I shall be able to get this to New Orleans I can not say but it must be through one of these channels. There are at present about one hundred vessels in port, some of which I presume will soon sail for New Orleans.","It is useless for me to attempt to give a detailed account or narrative of occurrences since I last parted with you but suffice it to say that I arrived home on the following Monday and on the succeeding Wednesday received orders to report without delay to Capt. Francis Taylor and the following day in compliance with my orders bid farewell to my uncle's family and proceeded to Fort Columbus but on arriving there ascertained that he had left. On receiving this information I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where I found him. From that post in connection with Capt. Taylor thirty men and forty horses I took up march for this place. After traveling upwards of 400 miles by land we reached Pittsburgh where we took water and have finally arrived here after a March of about 36 days.","Whilst I was in Clarksburg I learned that Mr. McWilliams was still in your house and unable to pay rent for it and I was advised to consult Burtin Despard. He told me that the house could be cleared of its occupants in a short time but that it might cost about fifteen dollars to effect it and if Mr. Arnold should desire him that he would attend to it. And if I had to employ any one he should have the preference in as much as he would in my opinion effect it in a shorter time than any other attorney in Clarksburg. The lot which you were speaking of purchasing he told me that in his opinion you could not get a good title for it if you should purchase it because it is already covered by three deeds of trust. Any further information upon the subject can be obtained by applying to Mr. Despard.","I have not yet landed but an officer of the Quartermasters Department has been aboard and stated that General Taylor had observed that he would be ready for another battle by yesterday. This news came by letter from Col. Whiting. Whether the Battle came off or not I can not say.","I belong to K company 1st Artillery which to use the common phrase is a flying company of Artillery. I could say much more but I am writing in a strong gale of wind and where things are all confusion. I am in hopes of starting up the Rio Grande tomorrow and on reaching General Taylor as soon as possible. I wish you to write to me soon directing your letter to Lieut T.J. Jackson, Comp K, 1st Artillery, Army of Occupation Mexico. It may reach me but not with certainty. My health is better than it has been for some time. Give my respects to the good people of Beverly they still occupy a high place in my esteem especially your amiable husband whose kindness as well as yours has been indelibly written on my heart and memory.","T.J. Jackson","Dear Sister \nI now send you the long delayed letter and hope that you will pardon my procrastination since I last wrote to you. I have been at Matamoras Camargo Monterey and Saltillo and the intermediate towns. At present I can not conveniently give you a general idea of the portions of Mexico which have fallen under my observation but hope to do so at some future day when things are more settled than at present and I also purpose on writing to you more frequently.","It would have [afforded] me much pleasure to have been with the gallant and victorious General Taylor at the battle of Buena Vista in which he has acquired laurels as imperishable as he history which shall record the invasion of Mexico by our victorious armies. But I was ordered away from Saltillo in January last and I believe for the best inasmuch as I am now with the most important portion of the army and on the most important line of operations.","I am now encamped on the road leading from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico. Our troops landed about two miles from the former city on the ninth inst and on the same night were fired on by the Mexicans. On the following day we commenced surrounding the city and operating against it. The operations after the [investment] was completed consisted principally in bombarding and cannonading which were continued until not only the city but the castle of San Juan Dulloa agreed to surrender. The capitulation occurred yesterday. The terms are that all the public property falls into our hands, the troops march out under the condition of not serving against us during the present war unless exchanged. The troops marched out yesterday and surrendered their arms and we took possession immediately. This capitulation has thrown into our hands the strong hold of this republic and being a regular [siege] in connection with other circumstances must in my opinion excel any military operations known in the history of our country. I approve of all except allowing the enemy to retire that I can not approve of in as much as we had them secure and could have taken them prisoners of war unconditionally.","Our loss is not accurately known nor that of the enemy either yet but in my estimation ours can not exceed twenty men in killed, we lost only two captains (Capt Vinton of the artillery and Capt Alburtis of the infantry). I have been in the city and was much surprised at its strength. It is surrounded on the land side by a wall about 10 feet high and a series of forts and on the other side is protected by the castle.","You asked me whether I belonged to General Worth's division. I had the honor of being in it so long as it existed but it has been broken up during the past siege. I was part of the time with him and part of the time with General Twigs. Whilst I was at the advanced batteries a cannon ball came in about five steps of me. I presume that you think my name ought to appear in the papers but when you come to consider the composition of our army you will entertain different views. Its composition is such that those who have independent commands only are as a general rule spoken of for instance Ridgely May [Bra--] Duncan Ringold Smith all commanded companies. If an officer wishes to distinguish himself he must remain long in service until he obtains rank then he obtains the praise not only for his efforts but for the efforts of the officers and men under him. That portion of praise which may be due to me must of course go to those above me or be included in the praise given to the army.","My health is extremely good. I probably look better than I have for years. I expect to remain in Mexico for the remainder of the war and expect to move forward with the leading Brigade. I expect to be promoted in a short time to a second lieutenancy. This will probably occasion me to leave the light battery but it will give me more rank which is of the greatest importance in the army.","Remember me in the warmest terms to Mr. Arnold and all my other friends. I rejoice at your prosperity and hope and doubt not that it will continue. I hope soon to march forward towards the city of Mexico. Vera Cruz continues healthy. I intend writing soon and more frequently as my feelings incline me to and as a brother ought. Your last letters coming in such quick succession served as a just rebuke but my means for writing are poor. Even now I am using a box for a chair and my camp bedstead as a writing desk and think myself comfortably situated. You have all the conveniences necessary and I hope that you will use them to write often to one who esteems you above all.","Camp near Vera Cruz Mexico \nMarch 30th 1847","Sir: \nHaving in compliance with written instructions from Capt Francis Taylor 1st Arty performed the duties of QrMaster from the 14th of August 1846 to include the 22d of the same month and from the 16th of Oct to include the 28th of November of the same year. The above duty was performed whilst on march from Fort Hamilton NY to Monterey Mexico and I have the honor to request that I may be allowed the usual compensation for the same. \nVery respectfully","Your Obt Servt \nT. J. Jackson \nLt 1st Arty","Jalapa Mexico \nApril 22d 1847","Dear Sister \nI promised in my last that I would give you a more detailed account of Mexico in a subsequent letter. I will now endeavor to comply with that promise. In doing so I will first state in general terms that the portion of Northern Mexico which has fallen under my observation is mostly a vast barren waste cities excepted. There are but two seasons in Mexico wet \u0026 dry. In consequence of the drought there is but little vegetation in the north. A person in traveling through this sterile portion of country would not suppose that the country inhabitants were able to pay their taxes. But in the cities it is different. There wealth is frequently found one person residing in Saltillo is said to own a larger area of land than the state of New York.","But passing to the south the aspect of things change. You frequently {see} elegant buildings in the country. Genl Santa Anna owns between this place \u0026 Vera Cruz 5 beautiful houses and a tract of land about fifty five miles in length. The country in the south is very similar to our own. Whilst I was in Monterey my quarters were in the outskirts of the city having a large back lot attached which contained beautiful orange orchard. Also in this lot was a fine bathing establishment the dimensions being about 25 by 30 ft. Monterey is the most beautiful city which I have seen in the North of this distracted country.","About 50 miles farther west is Saltillo the capital of Coahuila. Its [height] is about 2000 feet above the level of Monterey on an inclined plane at the edge of the table lands. The houses are generally built of sun dried brick as are most of the houses in that region. The church is the most highly ornamented on the interior of any edifice which has ever come under my observation. On entering this magnificent structure we are struck with the gaudy appearance on every side but most especially the opposite end which appears to be gilded with gold. At the bottom is a magnificent silver altar and on each side are statues which can not fail to attract the attention of the astonished beholder. The music is of the highest character. The priests are robed in the most gaudy of apparel. The inhabitants take off their hats on approaching the church and do not replace them until past it. One day whilst I was near the building I observed a señora (lady) gradually approaching the door on another occasion I saw a female looking at a statue and weeping like a child. Such is the superstition of this race.","After obtaining a [limited] transportation for General Twigg's division it set forward for Jalapa on the road leading to the city of Mexico. But on arriving near Cerro Gordo we learned that General Santa Anna held the pass in force consequently we waited for reinforcements which finally arrived and on the 17nst we attacked the Mexicans but did not succeed in routing them completely until the 18th when we took some thousand prisoners and completely routed the remainder. We followed close on the retreating column until night and came near enough to give the retreating enemy a few shots from the battery. But they succeeded in effecting their escape for want of our dragoons. General Scott after disarming the prisoners allowed them to retire the officers on [parole]. But General La Vega who is again our prisoner refused to except of his and I presume that he will be sent back to the U.S. Our loss has been considerable but not known neither is the Mexican. General Santa Anna escaped but in his haste left us his carriage \u0026 together with some thousand dollars in specie.","General Twiggs' division has fought the battle. General Worth has again got a division but he did not get it into action owing to its being used as a reserve and General Twiggs' as the advance. Capt Taylor in his report to General Twiggs has spoken of me in very flattering terms. I am now in Jalapa which is situated about 60 miles from Vera Cruz and 195 from the city of Mexico. General Worth is now in advance and if there is any fighting at Perote he will be apt to distinguish himself. He will probably be in the vicinity of Perote tomorrow at farthest and possibly today. It is rumored here that the Mexicans are fortifying their capital if so then we may have the grand battle there. A Mexican officer came here last evening from the city of Mexico and stated that his father had written to him from San [Louis] stating that General Taylor was there \u0026 had met with no opposition.","I can say no more as I have just learned that the escort by which I wish to send this has started because I must mount my horse \u0026 over take it or miss a good opportunity. I am in better health than usual.","Jalapa, May 25th, 1847","Lovely Sister \nI have the mortification of being left to garrison the town of Jalapa. Capt Taylor used his influence to keep me with him in which event I should have gone forward. But [Col. Childs] who was made military governor of this place got General Scott to issue an order requiring me to join my company which was under the command of the governor. Not withstanding my present situation I have some hope of getting forward by-and-by when more troops get in from the states. But all this is with General Scott. I throw myself into the hands of an all wise God and hope that it may yet be for the better. It may have been one of [His] means of diminishing my excessive ambition and after having accomplished his purpose whatever it may be he then in his infinite wisdom may gratify my desire.","The army was to move at the time which I mentioned but General Scott concluded to disband the volunteers as their time had nearly expired and this so much diminished our force that we delayed the advance until a couple of days since. General Scott left on Sunday with an escort following in the wake of his troops. General Worth has been in Puebla for about 10 days. Santa Anna marched from Orezaba and commenced fortifying about half way between the cities of Puebla and Mexico but owing to some [cause] he relinquished it and marched into the capital left the army and is now in the presidential chair. As to his motives I cannot say anything further. But I suppose that he thinks that his influence will be more powerful there than elsewhere. The people here think him an infamous man. An election was held on the 15th for president and Herera was the successful candidate but will not take his seat for a few months yet.","I am in fine quarters and making rapid progress in the Spanish language and have an idea of making some female acquaintances shortly. I see many things here of interest by the way of ornament and fruits and wish that I only had an opportunity of sending some to you and Thomas. I well know that he would like to have a ranchero (Mexican) on horse back followed by some large dogs. I would be much pleased to hear from Wirt poor fellow?","Give my respects to your estimable husband. I want to hear whether the reports about Uncles Cummins \u0026 Edward are true. I think of you often and my heart more than once upbraided me for my neglect to you. But I feared to inform you of things as they were in this unholy land. Your Brother always.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico \nFeby 28th 1848","Dearest Sister \nThe mail came on the 26th and in vain I searched the post office thrice for a line from you and consequently sorrowfully commenced my letter to you but on leaving my desk for a few hours on business was agreeably surprised on my return to find your letter mysteriously placed on my table. And now whilst I recommence with joy inexpressible for tongue or pen at hearing of your life still being prolonged I am also most deeply affected with heartfelt sorrow at the words which say \"I may not live to receive your answer.\" But I hope that these words imply nothing beyond what they literally state. To God this is the earnest prayer of your brother. But if he in his great wisdom has afflicted you with disease incurable then may he in his infinite goodness receive you into his heavenly abode where though I should be deprived of you here in this world of care yet I should hope to meet with you in a land where care and sorrow are unknown there with a mother a brother a sister yourself and I hope a father to live in a state of felicity uncontaminated by mortality.","Let not this letter trouble you dearest sister for I could not write one of a different cast with a clear conscience when you speak to me so ominously. But do not be [deterred] by any cause from saying to me plainly that I am sick or that I am well for ambiguity in relation to you is very painful to me.","You appear to think hard of my not writing more frequently but I have not only written by every mail but on one occasion sent by a Spanish friend in [five]. I have embraced every opportunity to say to you that I am in such or such a state of health. But for the future the intention is to send the mail by escorts twice a month on the first and fifteenth so that you may expect to hear from me by every mail until I am ordered from this city which may and which may not be at all as I am in General Smith's brigade and he is governor of the city. I am first Lieutenant and belong to Capt. Taylor's Battery. I hope the war may soon terminate but do not entertain much hope although the terms of a treaty have been sent to Washington and at present an armistice is being made or has been concluded but as yet is not public. Santa Anna has asked of his government a passport for the purpose of leaving the country and it was granted to him on the 13th inst. But it is doubtful whether he will go as several of the states have expressed themselves favorably to him and [------------] has offered him an asylum.","If we both live I expect to see you. Do not allow my words about marrying in Mexico to disturb you. I have sometimes thought of staying here and again of going home. I have no tie in this country equal to you. You speak of my fine horse as in your opinion being rather extravagant but if an officer wishes to appear best he should appear well in everything. I bought the horse having plenty of money and need of [ ] and have since been offered three hundred and fifty dollars for him, that is a hundred and seventy more than I gave and can at any time get more than I gave. My pay whilst with Capt. Magruder was one hundred and four dollars per month and I expect it will soon be the same here but at present it is only about ninety so that I have plenty of money and am in the long run economical although it would not appear to you so as here everything is dear and with you cheap. I dress as a gentleman should who wishes to be received as such. I do not gamble nor spend my money as I think foolishly.","I am very desirous of peace as it may be better for the United States \u0026 it may give me an opportunity of again entering your hospitable house \u0026 having that sight most delightful of all other earthly ones that is of my sister. My health I think is improving in this country and at all events my knowledge of Spanish is. As I shall have a better idea when the mail will start hereafter I shall try and send you more interesting letters. Remember me to Mr. Arnold \u0026 friends in the warmest terms. Your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. March 23, 1848.","Dear Sister \nI have written a letter to Mr. Arnold and requested to be remembered to you in it but since finishing it I have concluded to send you one also. I received your letter of January 14th but the paper from Mr. Arnold did not come to hand but still I am as much obliged to him as though it had and trust that he will send others as they may have better success.","I thought at one time of writing a journal but I can not find the time as although I am usually up at six o'clock and retire to bed at ten and eleven still the day is not long enough. The morning hours I occupy in studies \u0026 business and the evening in a similar manner but generally taking a walk after dinner and sometimes a ride on the Passeo or elsewhere in the evening. The Passeo is a wide road on the south west of the city and about a half of a mile in length with a beautiful fountain in the center and is a place of fashionable resort. Families of wealth appear there in the carriages at sunset partly if not entirely for show. There is also a place of morning resort between the city and the Passeo called the Almeda which is a beautiful grove of about four hundred by six hundred yards and containing I think eight fountains. At the central one is celebrated the anniversary of Mexican independence and from this which is the largest beautiful walks diverge to the different outlets (the grove being surrounded by a wall). I purpose on riding to both these places this evening hoping to see something there more attractive than at home. When not on duty I generally pay a visit after supper or tea. Among those families which I visit are some of the first in the republic as Don Lucas Aleman Martinez del Rio and I also have the acquaintance of others of some distinction.","My studies are now principally directed to the formation of my manners and the rules of society and a more thorough knowledge of human nature and the latter I perceive from your letter meets with your approbation and I doubt not but that the former two objects will also as they are very important to a man's success in life. You will pardon me for the mistake I have made in turning the leaves of this sheet. But returning to my subject this country offers me greater advantages for acquiring graces than I will probably ever meet with again unless I should visit Europe. The book which I am studying is Lord Chesterfield's letters to his son translated into Spanish so that whilst I am obtaining his thoughts I am also acquiring a knowledge of the Spanish tongue. I have also purchased the work in English and after having read it in Spanish I then purpose on reading it in English. Subsequent to this I shall study Shakespeare's works which I purchased a few days since and then if I can obtain good histories I wish to devote some time to them.","If Uncle Cummins \u0026 Edward should leave Lewis I wish you would get Uncle Edward to box up my books which are in his possession and send them to you. I hope that you will try and write me a letter once a week. I should write more frequently to you if an opportunity offered of sending letters more than twice a month. Owing to my knowledge of the language of the country and the acquaintances which I have made I think that I pass my time more agreeably than the greater portion of the officers of the Army, but if your company could also be had I would spend my hours still more agreeably. My love to all enquiring friends. My health is as good if not better than usual. General Scott's case has been investigated. The charges against Col. Duncan were withdrawn. Also General Worth withdrew his against General Scott. General Pillow's case is now being investigated.","National Palace Mexico. April 10, 1848","Dear Sister \nAs three successive mails have arrived, without bringing a single letter from you, I am (and I think not without reason) uneasy about your health. As I do not know of any other reason but bad health which could have prevented your writing to a brother who is interested in everything that interests you. And I hope that if you have any regard for my peace of mind that you will write at least once every fortnight. If your health forbids your writing at any time, then get someone to write for you, if it should be but a dozen lines. I do not think that a regular mail has left this city, without carrying a letter for you from me.","The treaty has arrived from Washington, with its amendments. Many think that it will receive the ratification of this government. But some think that it will not. For my own part I hope it will. Mr. Sevier I presume will be here in a few days. At last dates from Queretaro there were wanting fifteen congressmen, and three senators to complete the quorum. We have received news here of a battle at [Chiguagua], in which we took fourteen pieces of artillery from the enemy. I am at present studying Humboldt's history of Mexico, in Spanish. The rain is quite abundant here at present and interferes somewhat with my evening visits. It is believed that our presence here is destroying the extreme superstition of this country. But not withstanding the influence of our presence, the natives still with uncovered heads drop on their knees, at the approach of the Archbishop's carriage; which is recognized by its being drawn by two spotted mules.","General Pillow's trial is not yet finished and the general opinion is that it will be terminated in the United States. We are told here that our people at home, think that the army do not wish to return from Mexico, but if such is the truth they are much mistaken. An expedition started a few days since, for [Popocatepitl] which is a volcanic mountain to the S.E. of and in full view of this city, and which still issues clouds of smoke at times. I should probably have gone my self, but as the temperature is so extremely low, resulting from the crest being capped with snow, I feared that my health might suffer.","In conformity with the armistice, the Mexicans have taken possession of their archives, and have resumed the civil administration of their government. Santa Anna at last news, was at his hacienda near Jalapa (Encerro) again bidding adieu to his country. Whilst at his hacienda he received the visits of Colonel Hews, and several other American officers. General Valencia died a few days since in this city, the news of which proved fatal to his daughter, who died a few hours subsequent to its reception. I have heard of no other who mourned his fate. The general hospital is ordered to be moved to Jalapa, and General Patterson I believe will go down at the same time, to take command of the station. This movement appears to indicate an anticipation of leaving the country.","Remember me to Mr. Arnold, Thomas and other friends.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. May 20th 1848","Sir \nThe Secretary of War having informed me by letter of the 20th of April ult. that I have been appointed by the President Assistant Commissary of Subsistence I have the honor to notify you for the information of the war department that I have accepted the appointment.","I am sir very respectfully your obdt. servt.","T.J. Jackson \n1st Lt. 1st Arty Genl. R. Jones \nAdjt. Genl.","Governors Island \nAug 26th 1848","Dear Sister \nFinally I have arrived at this station which is in sight of the city of New York. I have had some hopes of visiting you this fall but I have not been able to arrange my affairs here for that purpose and consequently I can not say when I will be able to visit those of whom I so frequently think and so much desire to be with. I presume that I could get home this winter by making sacrifices which I ought not to make, for instance if I should leave some other officer might be attached during my absence who would rank me in case of his remaining with the company after my return. I do not believe that Capt. Taylor would give his sanction to any officers coming to the company who would rank me, so long as I remain with the company or so long as there are officers enough with it, but my absence might reduce the number of officers so much as to render another officer necessary to the company.","But I am in hopes that next summer I shall be able to see you and if so I purpose on visiting the springs at several places and visiting those parts of Virginia most remarkable such as the Natural Bridge. You will please let me know the distance from Beverly to Staunton, \u0026 the time in which the stage [visits] it, and also the distance from Beverly to the White Sulphur Springs.","As yet I do not know where I will be stationed. I hope that ere this your eyes are perfectly recovered. I am still getting better. I have been brevetted a captain though as yet it is not published. Write frequently to your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","Carlisle Barracks Penn \nSeptember 5th 1848","Dear Sister \nI had the pleasure of receiving your letter directed to New York but the same day I received orders to attend as a member of a general court martial at this place which is about a hundred miles distant (east) of Pittsburgh {following 17 words are marked out with heavy ink}...in your own house on the 10th of October which is earlier than you even requested. As I have already given you my reasons for not coming this fall it is unnecessary to state that I may make sacrifices in visiting you. But on reading your letter I concluded that I would use my influence to do that which I so much desire to do (to visit you). But as yet, the court has not adjourned, and I have not yet got my leave of absence granted, but Capt. Taylor told me that he would not only approve of it, but recommend it, but before I can get it, I must obtain the permission of the Colonel of my Regt. and of the Secretary of War. But should I not arrive by the time specified, do not have anxiety about it. If it be unsuccessful the fault shall not be mine.","There are many very interesting ladies here, and there has been almost a soiree every day since my arrival, and at which I have enjoyed myself well. When I obtain my leave, should I get it, you must not expect me to stay with you more than a month. And I hope that your health will be much improved by that time. You need not write to me, until you receive another letter from me, as I cannot say where I may be any coming day. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, your family, and my other friends. My health I think, is still improving.","Your brother \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor. Jany 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI suppose that you begin to think it time, that I should write, but I am not certain that my physician agrees with you about that as he has been cautioning me about confining my mind too much. But at all events, I shall venture to say, that I am still living, and with the blessings of God, hope to live, for some years to come. My physician has pronounced my lungs and liver sound, and that the liver has only been sympathetically affected.","I saw about that claim of [Warren's], and it is worth nothing, the Sheriff having failed to make his certificate. Whilst in Richmond, I called on Mr. Carlisle, and was received by him, in a very cordial manner, and during my stay there, he allowed no opportunity to pass unimproved, in which he could manifest his kindness. The night after I left your house I passed out at the head of the Valley river, and the next morning was in about 17 miles of Huntersville. But not withstanding I reached the Hot Springs too late for the Wednesday's stage, and consequently had to wait until Friday.","I am as you have observed at Fort Hamilton, which is on Long Island about ten miles below the city of New York, and on the east bank of the Hudson River. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the children \u0026 c.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton. Feby 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI have more than once thought of your request to write to you and give you the fashions, but such would be a difficult thing for me to do as I do not know even so much as the name of the different parts of a ladies apparel. I in the matter of dress agree perfectly with the Parisians (who not only give the fashions for New York City, but for the civilized world) that a person ought to adopt such a style of dress as is most becoming the particular individual and not that which is adopted by the greater portion of mankind, unless it should be at least reasonably suited to your complexion, height, figure \u0026.","I have begun my historical studies having read about one fourth of Ro[bi]ns Ancient History. If Mr. Arnold can prevail on the wagoner who may bring my books to Cumberland, to put the box in the office of Adams \u0026 Co. who have an office in Cumberland, and a train of cars running from there to New York, he will secure them to me more effectually than in any other way. Let the man take a receipt for them, and forward it to me at this place. The box should be marked as follows: Captain T.J. Jackson, care of the Quartermaster in New York City, N.Y. The manner in which the company do business, is to give a receipt when any thing is delivered at the office and then to turn over the article when the receipt is presented, and if the article should get lost to pay the owner for it.","The cholera has entirely disappeared from this place (Quarantine). The weather is quite disagreeable. I caught the rheumatism in your salubrious mountain air, which is harassing me no little. I am gaining strength and flesh. If Mr. Gibson will write to Captain Arnold, who is at Fort Monroe Va I am of the opinion, that he will get some information in relation to the ammunition which was charged to his brother, as he was a lieutenant in Arnold's Company. I am well fixed here, having my rooms both carpeted and decently furnished. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the family, Aunt White, Uncle, and our other relatives.","Your brother\nT.J. Jackson","P.S. The gold fever is running very high here. I have conversed with Mr. Lo[e]ser, an officer of the Army from California, who says that a person can gather on an average about seventy five dollars per day, and that the climate is most delightful, the thermometer standing at from 60 to 70 degrees. As you may not know much about Thermometers, it may not be amiss for me to state, that the higher the thermometer stands, the warmer the weather is. Fahrenheit's thermometer which is the one commonly used in this country and the one referred to above, stands at 32 degrees when water freezes, at 55 degrees the air is temperate, at 75 degrees the air is at summer heat, at 95 degrees the air is at blood heat, and at 212 degrees the air would be at the temperature of boiling water. From the foregoing you observe that the climate referred to must be charming.","\nT.J.J.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor April 27th 1849","Dear Sister \nOwing to a desire to secure some catalogs for Mr. Arnold, I have not written earlier. Yesterday, I went to Harper and Brothers Book store; but he had none on hand; but said that he would have in a few days. I obtained one from Appleton's Book establishment and shall forward it by the same mail as this letter. It do not contain all his books, when I shall have obtained one from Harper, I shall also forward it. And if Mr. Arnold shall want any books that may not be found in either of them, let me know what ones they are, and I believe that I can find it in some part of the city.","Your request had not yet been complied with, but I rely on your generosity of character; as my strength has forbid much exercise, and especially walking on the hard pavements of N.Y. city. But I am improving in both flesh and strength and I hope in health also. I am now under the care of one of the first medical men of N.Y. city. I have lately commenced visiting more frequently, and every few evenings receive an invitation to some social party. Yesterday whilst walking through the city, I thought of the pleasure which I would derive from sharing the contemplations of its beauties and wonders with you. Naturally I recalled to mind, and applied to N.Y. what the Frenchman asserted of Paris, when he said that when a man had seen Paris, that he had seen all the world.","In New York may be found all most anything which the inclinations may desire; but peaceful quiet: every thing is in motion, every thing is alive with animation. In its busy throng, none feel the long tedious hour; even the invalid for the time forgets his infirmities, and with wondering admiration contemplates the surrounding scene.","Frequently you are the subject of my thoughts, and if you were only within reach of rapid communication would receive more frequent visits. The weather is moderating here.","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, June 12th/49","Dear Sister, \nDoubtless you are expecting an answer to your last, and in truth, not without reason; as I have not written for more than two months. But my silence has not originated from your not replying to my former letters, but is due to other causes, such as weak eyes and pressure of business, as I have to discharge the duties of Quartermaster \u0026 Commissary in addition to my other company duties, and from such causes I have now a number of unanswered letters on hand.","I wish when practicable to write to you once every month, and I do not wish you to reply unless your eyes will admit of it without pain, because I prefer that your health should be preserved to any other Earthly consideration, and I hope that you will not strain your eyes on any account whatever. We can not appreciate our blessings unless deprived of them. My health is improving.","I forward to Mr. Arnold a catalogue of Harper's publications. If there is anything in it which he wishes, I hope that he will not fail to let me know. When you get possession of my books, I wish that you would retain them until I see you, or write relative to them.","I have not subscribed for Graham's magazine, but will do so if you desire. I merely sent a copy in order to see how you would like it. I hope to send you a copy or number(?) of the Lady's Book which some prefer to Graham's, though I can not say which is best, but when you shall have received it, you can judge for yourself.","I have received my commission as Brevet Major, and am gratified that you had an opportunity of doing Judge Lee a favor.","I sent a fifty dollar bank draft to Sylvanus White, with a request that he would pay Miss Caroline Norris a small sum, I think 2.50, 3.00 or 3.50 cts, which she let me have for the purpose of making a small purchase, which I did not make; and as I have heard nothing of him  since, and as some months have elapsed, I fear that something may be wrong. I wish that you would ask Miss Eliza Norris about it, and if Sylvanus has not settled it, I wish that you would. If at any time, you should not receive an expected letter, try and make yourself easy, as in case of any accident happening to me, I have friends who would not fail to give the necessary information.","The Cholera in the city is on the decline. I have no dread of it as I believe that those who keep their system in a healthy state have but little to fear.","Your sincere brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, Monday, July 2/49","My Dear Sister, \nThe morning duties ended, and through the blessings of that all Ruling Being, I'm allowed the privilege and pleasure communing with you. I received some days since, a letter from John White informing me of your visit to him and of the news of his vicinity, but which it is not necessary to mention as I presume that all is probably already known to you. I was gratified to learn that Uncle C.E. had been released from the [illegible], and had left Lewis for a more congenial clime. I also received a letter from cousin Elizabeth [Griss], informing me of the marriage of cousin Indas (her sister), of her own recovered health and of the prospects of her promising brothers Ben and William. She also stated that the health of Aunt and Uncle Williams was good. But she had not heard from you, since my visit. If your eyes should become so, as to allow of your writing without pain, then try and drop her a note for truly she is one of your friends. But I hope that you will not strain your eyes for the purpose of writing to anyone. You can at least send her your card and an occasional messages by some of the Lawyers.","I feel much concern about your eyes, for I fear you will strain them. Remember that the best physicians are opposed to straining that important organ and when it fails or begins to fail naturally that they recommend spectacles. But this should be the last resort, and should only be used when necessary : for instance, some persons can walk about, out of doors and in doors without the light hurting their eyes: but must use this auxiliary in reading. The great objection to spectacles is that when their use is once commenced, it must be generally continued through life. A person when selecting a pair should select the lowest number, which will answer the proposed end and then as circumstances require, increase it. But I would advise you not to use them as long as you can do without them (at the same time avoiding pain).","My eyes were so weak some months since that I could not look long at objects through the window and to look out of doors was frequently painful, though but for a moment, and I was reduced to the necessity of masking my looking glass on account of its reflection, and I could not look at a candle, not even for a second, without pain. I consulted my physician and he told me not to use them, and at the same time to avoid spectacles. I did so and at present can read a letter of three or four pages without feeling any inconvenience of consequence. My health is improving and my strength adhered to my wholesome diet, of stale bread and plainly dressed meat (having nothing on it but salt), that I prefer it now to almost anything else. The other evening, I tasted a piece of bread with butter on it and then the bread without it, and rather gave my preference to the unbuttered bread; and hence I may never taste any more of this once much relished seasoning. And I think if you would adopt for your breakfast a cup of moderately strong black tea, stale wheat bread (wheat bread, raised and not less that 24 hours old) fresh meat, broiled or roasted is best, the yolk of one or two eggs (the white is hardly worth eating as it requires digestion and affords but little nutrition). For dinner the same kind of bread \u0026 meat, one vegetable only, say peas, beans or this years potatoes, and for drink plain water. For tea, the same kind of bread and drink as for breakfast and nothing else, unless you choose a little butter. The great beauty of the foregoing is that it furnishes all the nutrition which food can give and at the same time does not interfere in the digestive process like other substances such as salt meats, cabbage, lettuce, desert (such as pies, preserves, nuts, and all kinds of sweetmeats). Of what I have recommended, you can eat as much as your appetite craves, provided that you take regular meals, and plenty of exercise, say not less than three hours per day. I presume that your daily duties require you to be moving probably that much. Salt meats may be eaten, but fresh is preferable, and I regard green tea \u0026 coffee so injurious to the nerves that you should always prefer water to either. Now if you can make up your mind to adopt the foregoing for one year, I think that you will probably never wish to change it, and that after using such a diet for two or three months that you may experience marked advantage from it, but you must bear in mind that your meals must be at fixed hours. If you arise at seven five or six O'clock and go to bed at nine or ten, then seven would be a good hour for breakfast, one for dinner and seven for tea. And you ought to always retire to bed before eleven. If you should conclude to adopt the forgoing, do not taste other things of which you are fond: unless it be fruits and those should be ripe. I think that a small quantity of fruit eaten when ripe and in the fore part of the day, is advantageous. You should try and forget that you are infirm and pay no attention to your symptoms as most any person can by being too attentive to every little pain.","Remember that good wholesome food taken at proper times is one of the best of medicines. I shall have hopes of your improvement when you have resolved to taste nothing of which you are fond, except such things as I have mentioned. If you commence on this diet, remember that it is like a man joining the temperance society; if he afterwards tastes liquor, he is gone. T.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton April 1st 1850","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came to safe to hand, and with pleasure its contents were read. During the past month, our stables were burned. All the horses were saved, though mine, with some others, were injured a little. The damage was near four thousand dollars.","I regret to say that circumstances will prevent my return home this summer, but on the 1st of October, I expect to be ordered to Fort Washington, opposite Mount Vernon, where I expect to get a leave, and visit you during some portion of that month.","My health continues to improve. My muscles have become quite solid. My exercises are of a violent character, when the chill blain {chilblain} on my feet do not prevent it. I hope that Little Ann has entirely recovered.","When I make my proposed visit, I shall endeavor to take with me such things as your letter has specified, provided that they are attainable. Some of them may be difficult to get. My past winter has been much more pleasant than the preceding. The weather here is at present delightful; but in a few days it may be the reverse as it is much influenced here on the Sea Board, by the direction of the winds.","On Thursday last, I, in company with 18 others had a grand sleigh ride, it was the best snow of the season, but in 24 hours, there was hardly a trace of it to be found.","Sincerely your Brother \nThomas P.S. Remember me to Mr. A. and family.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor \nApril 24, 1850","My Dear Uncle, \nI have with pleasure received, and read your very kind letter, but it was a pleasure mingled with pain at seeing those passages, which spoke of the death of friends and relatives. Though the rumor of uncle Cummins' death may be true, yet I cannot believe it without further evidence. I shall write to California and try to ascertain. I hope that no decree will be obtained for settling his property, but should such authority be obtained, then will not some of his friends who have means come forward and prevent its sacrifice. Certainly if he has a friend, now it the time for its manifestation. You spoke of my giving assistance, but my pecuniary affairs are so arranged that I have not ten dollars in cash which I can call my own.","There is no man on Earth, whom I would befriend sooner than Uncle Cummins. Let me know who have betrayed him and in what he has been betrayed, give me a full history of names and facts as soon as possible; and strain every nerve to prevent the granting of the decree. I expect to return home in the Fall, when I will see what can be done; though I fear that I will not be able to do any thing, but I can not tell what good luck I may meet with by that time.","I believe that I will leave my horse in the possession of McLean until then. I am in much better health then when we parted and hope through the blessings of a kind Providence soon to be restored to perfect health. I have not received a single line from California. I have a delightful station and hope to pass a pleasant Summer.","Remember me kindly to Aunt and other relatives and friends. \nYour nephew \nT.J. Jackson","Plattsburg Barracks N.Y. \nMay 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou observe that I am now on the border of Canada, it is for the purpose of trying some prisoners.","My health is still improving and in a short time I expect to return home to Fort Hamilton. In coming to this place I have passed some charming scenery. This place is on the Western bank of Lake Champlain. I should like very much to visit Montreal and Quebec before returning South, but want of time and money will prevent it. On my way here I saw the old Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point. And in front of this Garrison, was fought the great Naval action of the late war.","Remember me kindly to Mr. A and Family. \nYour brother Thomas","Fort Hamilton N.Y. \nMay 20th 1850","Sir, \nI herewith enclose an Invoice of Public Property, directed to your address, and turned over this day to Genl. H. Whiting, Asst. Qtr.Mstr. Genl.,for transportation.","I am Sir, \nVery Respectfully, \nYour obedient servt. \nT.J. Jackson\n1st Lt. \u0026 Bvt.Maj. 1st Arty. \nA. A. Qtr.Mstr.","To S. Lansing Jr. Esq. \nMil. Storekeeper \nU.S. Arsenal Watervliet Troy","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor","My Dear Sister, \nI have received yours and in reply, can say that my health is still improving. Your requests shall be attended to, but it will be necessary to wait until my arrival; as I know of no safe mode of conveyance. You speak of your fruit and flowers. I cannot indulge in the luxury of the former, but of the latter, I take great interest and I hope that you may always cultivate them. It shows a refined taste to abound in admiration for the beautiful, and it has the additional advantage of endearing children to their home. With pleasure they must through different periods of their lives look back to their garden filled with beautiful flowers. And when they see the same flowers, even in distant countries, how vividly will it recall to mind their home, their Mother, Father, brothers, sisters, and all their early associations. ","I will not get home this summer, but have some hopes of coming in October, but I can not say what the result will be. How can I get through those mountains during the Winter season.","I wish that I could come and spend the entire winter with you, but such I fear will be impractical. Do not make any calculations, but expect me when circumstances will best admit of my taking a leave. I have recently received a letter from uncle John White and Aunt Catherine. The family is well, uncle Jack and Aunt Nancy are dead.","Uncle had recently received a letter from our cousins in California and they say that Uncle Cummins is undoubtedly dead. This is news which goes to my heart, uncle was a father to me.","I want to bring Thomas a good violin, if neither you nor Mr. A. has any objection to his learning to play on one. Remember me kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Fort Ontario N.Y. \nAug 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou are probably surprised at hearing from me so frequently at different points as a member of Courts Martial. I am now about twelve hours from Niagara Falls, and consequently intend visiting them before returning home. I will leave here in the evening and be at the Falls next morning.","The Court will probably remain in session for several days.","Fort Ontario is situated on the lake of the same name and in view of the city of Oswego.","If circumstances permit me to return home to Va. this coming fall, how can I get to your town most conveniently from Washington City. My health is still improving, but is as yet so delicate as to render much regularity necessary, and it is probable that I am more particular in my rules that any person of your acquaintance.","I fear that I will be much exposed in crossing the mountains, unless there is a stage line through from Eastern Virginia. When you write, let me know what kind of flowers, plants, \u0026 are in your garden and what kind you would like for me to bring. I expect that I can obtain almost every description in New York.","I am to commence staying at a water cure establishment this evening where I expect to remain during my stay here. I have great faith in them for such infirmities as mine. I have been for some months adopting it to a certain extent, and with advantage.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and the family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","West Point N.Y. \nSept. 3rd 1850","My Dear Sister, \nI am again at my first Military station, and a very pleasant visit it is. Here I see objects which recall many pleasant \u0026 agreeable associations of my youth, but it is my lot to meet but few of my comrades of those bygone days. All other things are visible, though changed. One of my former Barracks is torn down and another constructed. But among the existing and unaltered objects are the garden of Kosciuszko, his monument, Fort Putnam, in which Andre was confined and from which Arnold escaped after his unsuccessful attempt to sell his command. Here too is the Plain, the Military works and above all, its grand and lofty mountains. I am on a Genl. C. Martial, which will soon adjourn.","I have been quite unwell and had it not have been for my judicious application of water, I can not say what would have been the consequence.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Meade, Fla. \nFeb. 25th 1851","Dear Sir, \nI have just received your communication of the 4th inst. containing the kind proposition of bringing my name before the Board of Visitors of the V. M. Institute as a candidate for the Professorship of Nat. \u0026 Exp. Phil.","Though strong ties bind me to the Army, yet I can not consent to decline so flattering an offer. Please present my name to the Board and accept my thanks for your kindness.","I am sir, \nVery Respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Fort Meade Fla. \nApril 2nd 1851","My Dear Sister, \nYour affectionate letter has been received, and read with much pleasure. I should think from the character of them, (the last few) that your health has improved very much; although you do not say so in so many words.","I have hopes of being able to live near you for a while. I received a letter from Col. Smith, the Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, in which he kindly offers to present my name to the Board of Visitors in June next, as a candidate for the Professorship in Natural and Experimental Philosophy in the Institute. I have accepted his offer; but am unable to say whether I shall be elected. If I knew who would compose the Board, then I could form a better idea. If I have a few friends on it, my chance will probably be good. I consider the situation both conspicuous and desirable. I will be in about 150 or 160 miles from you, will have quarters, and receive twelve hundred dollars per year. Philosophy is my favorite subject. I hope through the blessings of Providence to succeed in securing the Post.","I have heard that the Hon. Joseph Johnson is to be our Governor. Is it Joseph Johnson of Harrison? if so I am much pleased, as he had befriended me on more than one occasion.","I believe that John Stringer will probably be on the Board of Visitors in June next. This information I received by yesterdays mail. Where does he live? I see that Mr. Carlisle has been making two speeches in the convention. I look upon him as one of the promising sons of Virginia. I hope before long to see him in Congress. I am much pleased at seeing cousin Wm. J. Jackson also in the Convention. Indeed I have some hopes that our ancient reputation may be revived.","I might have sent this letter sooner, but I designedly delayed it for to see if yesterday's mail (6th of April) would not enable me to give you some good news, but I did not receive the information which I was waiting for, but in my next I hope to be in possession of agreeable tidings for you, but I am not over sanguine.","I received a few days since, a very kind, and well-wishing letter from Genl. John J. Jackson. When I visit you, I want also to visit him. I find that I have many friends, indeed I have found that all to whom I apply for assistance are ready to give me a helping hand. The generals letter was particularly gratifying to me.","I shall not attempt a Theological discussion with you a present, hoping to see you during the present year, when I hope that you will have all of your questions and ideas prepared for the investigation of your brother.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., to Aunt White, to Uncle, Cousin John, Uncle Stalnaker and Col. Goff and other friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Meade Florida \nApril 22nd 1851","Col. \nYour letter of the 28th inst. informing me that I have been elected Prof. of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics, in the Virginia Military Institute, has been received.","The high honor, conferred by the Board of Visitors, in selecting me, unanimously, to fill such a Professorship, gratified me exceedingly.","I hope to be able to meet the Board on the 25th of June next, but fear that circumstances, over which I have no control, will prevent my doing do before that time. For your kindness in endeavoring to procure me a leave of absence for six months, as well as for the interest you have otherwise manifested in my behalf, I feel under strong and lasting obligations.","Should I desire a furlough of more than than one month commencing on the 1st of July next, it would be for the purpose of visiting Europe.","I regret that recent illness has prevented my giving you an earlier answer.","Any communication which you may have to make previous to the 1st of June, please direct to this place.","I am Col. \nVery respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, VA \nAugust 20th 1851","My Dear Sister \nI am much pleased with my situation. I have commenced my military duties and am reviewing on of my text books. My health has much improved since you heard me say good by.","I sent you a pamphlet a few days since, it was by the request of my old Physician with whom I was residing in the North. He appeared to take a deep interest in me and to be interested in those who were interested in your brother. From him I have learned many important truths concerning health. His names is Lowry Barney. I felt home sick at bidding adieu to his estimable family. Mrs. B. said that I did not appear like a stranger but like a relative, they were more kind than I could have desired.","From my present room which is in the 2d story of the Lexington Hotel. I have a lovely view of Mountain scenery. Lexington is the most beautiful place that I remember of having ever seen when taken in connection with the surrounding country.","I expect to go to the Springs next month with the Corps of Cadets. We shall leave about the 8th and return about the 25th, about the 13th we will arrive at the White Sulphur.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family and to my friends and relatives. I suppose that you had a fine mental feast on Miss B's notes. I designed burning them. Please save me the trouble by doing me the favor","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 8th 1851","My Dear Sister, \nI have had the pleasure of receiving your letter and the articles which you sent to me.","I have seen Mr. Cowen and requested him to call on you, and have made a similar request of Mr. Henderson, whom I esteem very highly. He is the brother-in-law of Col. Smith. I am much obliged for the articles. An opportunity will hardly be afforded for visiting you this winter. I have received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale: She as well as our other relatives are well.","The academic duties commenced on yesterday week.","My health has through the blessings of Providence been so much improved to enable me to enter on my duties, with which I am delighted.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family, and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","And say to Mr. A. that I hope to be able by his assistance to get some fine fossil specimens from his farm when I next visit Beverly. I remember of having seen some beautiful specimens of shells, near the bridge about Mrs. Bakers. These he showed me in 1848.","Your brother \nThomas ","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. Jany. 16th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has like every other good, brought with it pain. But I hope that your health will again return among the blessings of Providence to brighten the remainder of your days as well as those of mine.","I have been desirous of writing at an earlier day; but our examination and other duties have prevented my doing so, and even now this pleasing task is performed during the height of the examination. It could be delayed no longer without a degree of pain, which your brother is unwilling to experience on this subject. This trying ordeal will close about Thursday next.","I hope that you will look back if you through your past life and see if you can not find some cause for your afflictions.","Now my dear sister. You are aware that I am troubled about your hopes in relation to the endless futurity. The best plan that I can  conceive for an unbeliever in God, as presented to us in the Bible, is to first consider things in reference merely to expediency. Now considering the subject with reference to expediency only, let us examine whether it is safer to be a Christian or an Infidel. Suppose two persons, one a Christian and the other an infidel, to be closing their earthly existences and suppose that the infidel is right and the Christian is wrong, they will then after death be upon an equality. But instead of the infidel being right, suppose him to be wrong and the Christian right, then will the state of the latter after death be inestimably superior to that of the other. And if you will examine the history of mankind it will be plain that Christianity contributes much more to happiness in this life, than that of infidelity. Now having briefly glanced at this subject, to what decision are we forced on the mere ground of expediency, certainly it is to the adoption of Christianity.","Having made our selection of Christianity, the next point is to consider whether we can believe the teachings of the Sacred volume; if so, then its adoption should of necessity follow. I have examined the subject maturely, and the evidence is very conclusive, and if we do not receive the Bible as being authentic and creditable, we must reject every other ancient work; as there is no other in favor of which, so much evidence can be adduced. Oh Sister! do pray to God for his mercy, and eternal life through our Redeemer Jesus Christ.","I have not yet been able to procure the peaches of which I spoke in my former letter. Cousin Harriet has returned from her visit to Point Pleasant, which was to her very pleasant. Uncle Minor Neale's daughter has returned home, with her grand-father who came north for her. Talk to Thomas \u0026 Grace for me and tell them that their uncle is very much obliged to them and that they must continue to be good children, and do what their mother and father may require of them.","Remember me very kindly to all inquiring friends and Relatives.","I should be much pleased to see a literary institution in Beverly; but I cannot see how to be serviceable to it. If you will state in your next what I would have to do as agent I would be enabled to give a more definite answer.","Your brother, \nThomas ","Va. Mil. Institute \nLexington Va. Feby. 7 1852","My Dear Sister, \nThough much pressed with business and far behind in my correspondence, I can not defer any longer a letter to you. Our examination has closed and academic duties have been resumed.","Next week I hope to take up the subject of Optics. The approaching summer is looked forward to by me with no small degree of interest, as our vacation will commence after the 4th of July.","Your health I hope is completely restored before this time: mine is still delicate. When did you last hear from Parkersburg and how are our relatives and friends? Do you see anything of John White's family. The weather had been extremely cold, but at present it is lovely.","I have not heard from you in weeks upon weeks. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 21st 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter including that of our cousin, has been received, and with no small regret do I consider your past afflictions, but we are all the children of suffering sorrow in this world. Whilst it has many pleasures, it is not, nor will not be divested of its cares. Amid affliction, let us hope for happiness. But divest us of hope and how miserable would we be! It has never forsaken me, nor in my humble opinion, never will. However dark the night, I am cheered with an anticipated glorious and luminous morrow. May such ever be your happy lot. No earthly calamity can shake my hope in the future, so long as God is my friend, and on this subject I expect to have a long conversation with you next summer. I feel ashamed of not having written to you earlier, but even now I am debtor a number of letters in other quarters, which in time, have the preference, but my conscience will not be troubled at this species of fraud.","I am glad that cousin stopped with you. I received a letter from cousin Sylvanus White recently in which he states that his location is in Missouri, but for the future, he can not say to what quarter his steps will be directed.","My health has improved. What do you propose doing next summer during my visit. I suppose that plans you have in abundance. How is the family: give my regards to all individually. Tell Thomas that I should like to have him with me sometimes very much \u0026 that he must be at home the next time that I visit him. Remember me to all inquiring friends and relatives. How is Cousin John White and Aunt White.","Your Brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute Lexington, Va. \nApril 10th 1852","My Dear Sister \nI have nothing which can call for a letter from me at this time except the pleasure of writing to you and to say a word in reference to your mentioned garden seeds, \u0026 c. Tell me the precise kinds of seeds which are desirable and if you can the mode of conveyance for them to Beverly. I might possibly procure some grafts of apricots \u0026 [illegible] if they could only be sent to you.","I sent for my box sometime since, but have not yet obtained possession of it. This is a beautiful day, though the preceding few have been cold and have injured the fruit prospects, particularly the apricots and other early fruit. The plank road from Staunton to Buckhannon, which latter place is about 25 miles distant from here is now under construction, through our town. The stage travels about one third faster on it than on the dirt road.","I am anxiously looking forward to July.","When did you last hear from Cousin Margaret. She appears to have dropped me as a correspondent. I certainly gave her ostensible reason for so doing by not answering her letter more promptly. But this was occasioned by the pressure of other things.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., the family \u0026 to all enquiring friends and relations.","Tell Thomas and Grace I am not going to allow them to see their Aunt Nancy until they both offer to love me more than her. Tell them that their Aunt does not care about them half as much as I do.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. May 1st 1852","My Dear Doctor, \nYour interesting letter has been received and perused with much pleasure. But my matrimonial success as you are ere this probably aware of was a hoax. I suppose that some interested friend thought that I ought to be married and that it would be well to remind me of my duty before efforts would be too late. Frequently your intended, is to be seen with all her prepossessing fascinations. Why do you not come on? Certainly you will be here on the 4th. The weather here is at present beautiful, though for months it has been unseasonably cold.","How are you pleased with Philadelphia? What are Penrose's prospects for distinction in his profession. Of all the cities in this Union, that of the Quakers has my preference. Its public squares, magnificent edifices, it's water works \u0026 c, including that universal task which strikes the eye at all its points, must make it very interesting to all, who are only consulting pleasure.","Trueheart is now in Washington city, engaged in the Coast Survey. There is only one assistant here at present (Stewart). Our appropriation bill has not yet been acted on by the Legislature.","Judge Baldwin is not expected to recover from his recent attack. Judge Brockenbrough will probably be a candidate in place of Judge Baldwin for the Court of Appeals.","Prof. Calhoun of Washington College will leave this coming summer; his successor is so far unknown. Every thing is quiet at present in the Institute and I hope will ever continue so.","There is to be strong [stage] opposition through here this season. Let me here from you whenever a spare moment will permit.","Your sincere friend, \nT. J. Jackson","[On verso; not in Jackson's hand]","Resolved that it is with feelings of the most profound regret that we have heard the announcement of the decease of our fellow student \u0026 associate Dr. [illegible] Weir; whose gentlemanly bearing \u0026 Christian deportment has served not only to endear him to all with whom he came in contact but to render him an ornament and honour to the noble profession of which he was so faithful a votary. Resolved that we do sympathize most sincerely with the bereaved relatives \u0026 friends of his House upon whom this dispensation of Providence has fallen so unexpectedly \u0026 painfully.","Resolved that from respect to his memory we will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.","Resolved that a copy of the proceedings of this meeting signed by the Secy. \u0026 Pres. be forwarded to the family of the deceased \u0026 that the same be published in the Richmond \u0026 Alexandria papers.","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. May 14, 1852","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter had been received; but you do not give me definite instructions about garden seed, grafts etc. But I should think that it would be useless to get any for you unless they are such as I can convey in person for you may judge of the difficulty of getting anything from Lexington to Beverly from the fact that though I have used effort upon effort to procure the box which you sent to me and have told the stage driver to spare no expense in procuring it, yet from his negligence or from some other cause it has not yet come to hand.","I wish that you would either get Miss H. to take it back to Beverly on her return, or else send a servant with it to the stage office at Staunton and have it sent to me put on the way bill and directed to me at Lexington, Va. to the care of E. Porter.","I have recently received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale, which states that she is engaged in teaching a school and that all our relations are well and that Cousin Lizzie Neale, daughter of Uncle Minor is on a visit and that she will probably remain North all summer.","I hope that by this time your health is entirely restored. Though my manner of living is very abstemious, yet health has not returned with all its blessings. Yet I am much better than when I last bid you good bye.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family. Tell Thomas and Grace that their aunt does not say a single word about either of them.","The weather had been very pleasant for the past few days, though the present one is not remarkably agreeable as a part of the time is sunshine and a part rainy and the balance is a mixture of both. In Beverly there is probably snow to be seen even this  late in May.","This evening we are to be favored with a vocal concert. I wish that you could accompany me. I believe that as yet you had not been informed of my daily exercise. I have to walk about a mile and a half for each meal: 3/4 to and 3/4 from it. And in the morning I usually walk about a mile and a half before breakfast and in the afternoon about two miles or more before tea.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. June 5th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter has come safe to hand but I regret that your health is not yet restored though improved at present, let us hope to see the day when you will again enjoy that greatest of earthly blessings in perfection. Do not begin to look for me until the latter half of July. I may be with you in the first part but I can not speak definitely at present.","My box has not yet arrived, but I have spoken to a friend whose family lives in Staunton to endeavor to have his family to forward it. I shall try to get some grafts to take with me.","Is it a fur hat which I am to get for Thomas, if so it would be desirable to have the measure of his head.","The weather is quite cool here this morning though for sometime back it has been very warm.","The people are beginning to visit the Alum Springs.","I wish that you could see our Institute for I consider that it is the most tasty edifice in the state. We have had green peas for sometime and the strawberries are I believe beginning to disappear. But the cherries are just coming in season.","Beverly must be cold enough for all practicable purposes even at this late period. I am enjoying myself more than I have done for some years; but still my health requires much care and rigid regard to diet.","I hope that the news may be true that Uncle Cummins has returned; to meet him will be a proud day in my life. He has certainly been a good friend to me. Have you heard anything from cousin E.J. Jackson.","A bill has recently passed out state Legislature which appropriates 30,000 dollars for the purpose of completing our Barracks. We expect during the coming session to have about 18 or 20 more cadets that at any previous one and when the buildings shall be completed the accommodations will admit of upwards of 200. This past year we had to refuse admission to a large number. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family \u0026 to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother \nThomas \nP.S. I hope that you will not make any calculations as to the manner of passing the present summer until after my arrival at Beverly. T. ","Alum Springs Rockbridge Cty\nJuly 12 1852","I arrived here yesterday in as good health as usual and am delighted with the waters so far. The Springs are crowded there being about four hundred visitors and the accommodations being only adequate for 275 or 300. I succeeded in procuring 1/2 a bed; there being one room for four occupants. In a few days I hope to be better off. Though we have but two beds to 4 persons in my quarters; yet the beds are good, and the servants, and proprietors, and the their assistants are attentive.","Boarding is 10 dollars per week. This water I consider is the water of waters. This place is more crowded than any other in the mountains and I have not heard of a single person who is dissatisfied though my enquiries have been many.","My appetite and digestion have already improved and I indulge rather freely. My dinner was principally bread (which was rather fresh), potatoes and green corn which is by no means digestible. My supper rich corn bread \u0026 the same for breakfast (using butter freely at each meal)","Remember me very kindly to all enquiring Relatives and friends. Your brother, Thomas","This establishment was sold a few days since for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. \nT.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nSept 7th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nA line from you has not even come to hand yet. I hope that this is not a result of ill health. An improvement of health began to reward me for my visit to the Alum Springs, within as I believe less than 24 hours after my arrival there. I remained at the Springs for three weeks and then left with regret.","The checks have not yet come to hand, has the letter containing them been received by you. Our duties at the Institute have been resumed, and things omen well.","I have for months back admired Lexington, but now for the first time have truly and fully appreciated it. Of all the places which have come under my observation in the U. States, this little village is the most beautiful.","In a few days I hope to write a letter to cousin Harriet Murdoc and I shall urge her to leave home next year. She is a lovely lady and if she were not my cousin I might ardently desire her to be my wife. She is so estimable: I feel proud of her as a cousin. I enjoyed myself very much at the springs and would have been delighted to have had her with me.","I wrote to Richard Camden and to Dr. Bland requesting them to join me at the Alum but have heard nothing from either of them.","I hope that the baby has entirely recovered and that your health continues to improve. Remember me very kindly to the family and to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother, Thomas ","Has Cousin Nancy returned home? How is Miss Eliza and Mrs. Hilly? \nT.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 9th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has finally come safely to its place of destination. I felt concerned about your long silence, for fear that your health was bad.","I have found on my return home that the peaches here were not so abundant as I had supposed but the apples are at abundance. Though peaches are not so plentiful as I had supposed, yet I have spoken to a person to secure me two or three bushels and if he fails I will endeavor to secure them by sending to Lynchburg, which is near forty miles and through that section I have been informed that there has been no scarcity. I hope that by this time the baby is entirely well and that health and prosperity are among the number of your domestic blessings.","My health has been much improved by visiting the Alum Springs. I have been and am still using the water, but its effects are not so good as when used at the Springs.","Cousin Harriet has written me a letter which I prize very much, it speaks the purity of her character. I wish that I could be with her during my leisure moments. They would pass so delightfully under her pure and elevating influence.","Cousin Margaret is married, though of this you have probably already been informed. She is the wife of the person to whom I believe you alluded when we were at Parkersburg. Aunt would not consent to her being married at home and she was consequently married at Uncle William Neale's.","The weather here is very warm and the ground is quite dry.","What news have you from the letter containing the drafts. I wish you would let me know as soon as convenient, whether there is any hopes of getting possession of them. Let me hear from you as soon as convenient.","John Gittings is doing very well.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 25th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter has come safe to hand and I am glad to learn that you are enjoying as many blessings as still fall to your lot. I hope that by the time of the receipt of this that the children will all be in perfect health.","George Lurty has been here for about two weeks. He and Mr. Harrison (son of Wm. Harrison of Clarksburg) design taking a course of law lectures this winter under Judge Brockenbrough.1   George is a young man of very fine mind, and I hope that he will acquit himself with much credit this winter. A young Mr. Stribling from Point Pleasant is also here. He is brother to the Miss S. of whom I presume you have ","1Now, Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, Virginia. heard cousin Harriet Murdoc frequently speak. Cousin Harriet I regard as being one of the sweetest ladies with whom I have ever met. I wish that we could be together frequently. I hope that she will make a visit next summer to this most beautiful of places. How sweet it is to meet with congenial spirits!","I wish that you would forward me the checks by the first mail as I am in need of them. The peaches have not yet come to hand but as soon as they do I will forward them without delay.","I weighed yesterday one hundred and seventy two pounds and a fraction. This is six pounds more than any former weight. My health has much improved and I hope that through the blessings of God, I will ultimately enjoy perfect health. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A and family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 11, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has been received with its enclosures, but it had brought sorrow to my heart to learn that you health is unusually delicate. My dear sister, my concern for you is great. This concern is not restricted to you whilst in this world, but it extends into the unending future, and my continual prayer is that you will return into the fold of God. My dear sister, if you will but seek God in the bible conditions he will give you peace and comfort while all the powers on Earth can not de[liver] and the hopes of a coming immor[tality] will make all the ills of life supportable under every circumstance. Your mother prayed for you and I believe that the same may be said of your brother Warren. And can it be that the prayers of them and myself united, will not be heard by \"Our Father in Heaven.\" I fear that you concern yourself too much about the things of this life. ","I expect that you have probably been devoting too much care to the articles which you spoke of forwarding to me. Now do not think any more about me in relation to them, but bear in mind that I have plenty of everything except health and that this has much improved.","I hope that health will return to you with all of its blessings. I have written twice to cousin Harriet since we parted. I do think her one of the sweetest ladies. I wish that I could be in her society more frequently than circumstances will permit.","We have had a lovely fall in this portion of the state. My kindest regards to Mr. Arnold's family, all inquiring friends.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. This morning I fired ten guns from the Battery of Artillery in commemoration of the origin of the Institute. This day, thirteen years it went into operation and it is now in a very flourishing condition, so much so that we cannot accommodate all the applications.","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 11th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has received the perusal of a brother and I hope that though ill health is your present lot, that notwithstanding, you will continue a buoyancy of spirits and not give way to surrounding troubles. I too am a man of trouble, yet let the oppressing load be ever so great it never sinks me beneath its weight.","I trust that this will find you improving if not well. Our session will have its semi-annual examination in the early part of the coming January. When did you last hear from Cousin Harriet Murdoc. A cadet from Point Pleasant tells me that she had been there on a visit, but that she has returned home.","Lexington has been very gay for some time back, owing to the marriage of one of the daughters of the late Governor McDowell. The weather is quite inclement at present.","You must talk to Thomas and Grace for me and tell them that their uncle frequently thinks of them and that he would be very glad to have them with him. But that he does not like bad children and always talk to them for me in such a manner as to make them better. I suppose that you have heard of Cousin Margaret Neale's marriage.","I am very busy this winter with studying and hearing recitations, having not only to prepare on Natural Philosophy and Artillery, but to be in the section room three and four hours per day additional. My spare time is given to reading and to other sources of improvement.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that ere this your health has improved and that the returning spring will reanimate your feelings, and suggest the idea that it is but the symbol of the endless beauties and enjoyments of the world to come. The passage of Scripture from which I have derived sufficient support whenever applied is in the following words \"acknowledge God in all thy ways and he shall direct thy paths.\" What a comfort is this!","My Dear Sister, it is useless for men to tell me that there is no God, and that his benign influence is not to be experienced in prayer, when it is offered in conformity to the Bible. For some time past, not a single day has passed by without my feeling his hallowing presence whilst at my morning prayers. I endeavor to live in accordance with the above passage which means as I understand it, in all thy ways acknowledge God and he shall take care of you in all respects.","What better protector can we desire that one who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent and who hath promised that he will take care of us in all things, and in addition to all this the pledge coming from One who cannot lie.","Our weather here has been quite cold for sometime back, but at present it is very beautiful; too much so to be of long duration I fear. Persons I believe have generally filled their ice houses.","I rather begin to despair of the peaches as I have not seen a dry one to my recollection since returning home.","You remember that during the past summer I was very much reduced in flesh, at present I have more than desirable and sometimes endeavor to reduce it, but the nervousness with which I have been so much troubled and the disagreeableness of cold feet induce me to adhere to the indulgence of the palate. But my dishes are very plain: generally brown bread is the principle article for Breakfast and Tea and sometimes I probably do not taste meat for more than a month and I have not to my recollection used any other drink than cold water since my return home, and hope that such may continue to be the case.","I heard from Judge Allen a few days since: Cousin Mary is well, one of her daughters is rather ill. I met the daughter at the Alum Springs during the past summer. She is a beautiful girl.","Though I desire to hear from you frequently; yet I never wish to do so when there doing so, requires that your eyes should be tasked. To know that you are destroying or endangering the happiness of yourself, and those around you, produces more pain than the receipt of a letter cam compensate for.","Cousin Harriet Murdock was well when her last letter was written. A letter from her is daily expected.","Your Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nTime as it passes brings me to the renewal of the pleasant duty of writing to my sister, though there is nothing here of which I am aware that can be of interest to you, beyond what may be felt in an only brother. Let pleasure result from the mere act of writing to you. Our lives have been checkered in a most marked manner and we are still, notwithstanding all the ill omens of our youth, living even beyond the usual period of human life and I trust that before us are the brightest of our days. In taking a retrospective view of my own life, each year has opened as I consider, with increased promise and with my present views, the future is holding richer stores in reserve. Could you only believe with myself then would you also bear the present with patience and look forward to the future with a calm serene and pleasurable delight.","I too have crosses, and am at times deeply afflicted! But however sore may be the trials they lose their poignancy, and instead of producing injury I feel that I am but improved by the ordeal. But how is this accomplished? By throwing myself upon the protection of him, whose law book is the wonderful Bible. My dear sister I would not part with this book for countless universes. I feel ready to make every sacrifice to carry out the will of him who so loved us, as to give his only begotten son to die for me. How exceedingly great must have been that love!","The more I learn, the more dear does the precious volume appear to me. O Sister, if you would only pray! If you would only become religious! I derive much pleasure from morning walks, in which is to be enjoyed the pure sweetness of caroling birds.","The weather is delightful at present, and our peach trees are beginning to bloom, and in the course of a few more weeks, the forests will be clad with verdure.","Judge Brockenbrough's law school has closed its session and George Lurty has returned home; after having passed a profitable winter. If he will only make the best of his facilities, a brilliant career may be expected as his reward. He possesses talents of a high order.","I have not heard from Cousin Harriet for a long time. It appears she has forgotten me.","Sometime since, Cousin Sylvanus wrote to me, and stated that he was at home, but expected in a few days to leave for the west. Talk to the children for me as I would were I with you. Remember me very kindly to the whole family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Rockbridge County, Va. \nApril 15th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nOur spring is opening beautifully, though it is said to be late. I wish that I could only be with you this evening, ah! Not this evening only, but many evenings. I am invited to a large party to night and among the scramble, expect to come in for my share of fun. My health is still improving and in a few months through the blessing of an all kind providence, I hope to be well, at least so much as people usually are.","I wish that you would send me by the return mail the daguerreotype which I had taken in New York after having shaved. The one with the beard on, was taken at New Orleans soon after my return from Mexico. This last one I wish you to keep safely as I prize it highly. If you remember, I gave you two others one being taken with a stern countenance, and the other with a smile, it is the smiling one which I want and don't fail to send it well enveloped, by the first mail. If you wish it to be returned, I will try and do so in a few months or else a better one in its stead; as I think your brother is a better looking man than he was when that was taken. It may be that you have not got the one which I had taken with the beard on, if not it is lost. I am anxious to get Father's, in order to have a facsimile of it taken, but do not trust it to the mail. I believe you let Cousin Harriet have the grim looking one, which I gave you, ungrateful girl that she is. I am going to write to her in a few days such a letter as such conduct in a pretty cousin merits.","I hope that you are out of bed, and able to enjoy the comforts of domestic life. Kiss the children and tell them a great many things such as their uncle would tell him were he in their company.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends. Should any person be coming here, I would be glad to get my Blair's Rhetoric.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 6th 1853","My Dearest \u0026 only Sister, \nYour melancholy letter has brought tears to my eyes. Yet I would never have you conceal anything from me because of the pain which it may cause me. If your health is really as you state, I would rather know it. My dearest sister, with tears in my eyes and a heart devoted to my God, I look into the future beyond the limits of this transient life of care; and see the dark gloom which is to exist throughout infinite duration. That whilst I am \"to shine like a star in the firmament for ever and forever,\" you are to be assigned to unending misery.","What my dear sister is this life, and all its joys, compared to that which is to come. How happy would I be did I but know that beyond this probationary life we should be together for ever more, there with those who have gone before us, to enjoy endless happiness. My sister, do reflect upon my course of life, think and see if I have ever erred since arriving at mature age, and then consider how I could ever have been satisfied of the truth of the Gospel; unless it is true. Have I ever erred in the affairs of this life? Remember too what strong irreligious influences have been brought to bear on me and yet in spite of all opposing obstacles, I am one of the most devoted of Christians.","Will you not have some faith in the prayers of a dying mother \u0026 brother? My dearest sister, do throw yourself into the hands of God. Throw yourself upon his mercy, repent of your sins and believe that the father will accept your prayers, and forgive your transgressions, for the sake of his son's merits. Remember that he hath said that they who come unto him he will in nowise cast off.","I shall leave here as soon as my vacation shall permit and hope to be with you by the 12 of July if not before. I had designed making you a visit this summer, but did not know whether it would be before or after my return from the North. I have business which calls me to New York City this summer and I was desirous of going some more distant places.","You speak of Dr. Bosworth's son. I wish that it was in my power to do him a service but being here as Professor, I ought not to abuse my trust in any way. I wrote to the Doctor in reference to his son, but I believe omitted to state that in his letter to the superintendent of the Institute he should state that he was unable to educate his son himself. When he calls to see you, I wish that you would mention this to him \u0026 also tell him that Col. Samuel L. Hayes is on the new Board of Visitors for your place.","I most sincerely hope that his son will get the appointment and if there is anything which I can do for him consistent with my duty as Professor, it shall be done with a great deal of pleasure.","Your brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAugust 3rd, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI arrived here yesterday in good health, and expect to leave for the North this evening, via Lexington. There are about five hundred visitors here at present, and the accommodations are nearly exhausted, and in a few days it is quite possible that persons from necessity will be turned off. I hope that Stark has quite recovered. Remember me very kindly to all the family, and to all other enquiring relatives and friends. Say to Mrs. [Hillie/Hellee] that I saw Judge Brockenbrough, but that as he is not a Freemason, I shall try elsewhere. I expect to be in Staunton tomorrow and hope to be able to find some influential Mason there who will attend promptly to the business. I endeavored to do so when coming through Staunton, but did not succeed. I intend to press the matter until some definite action shall have been taken upon the subject.","Say to Dr. Bosworth that I saw John1 yesterday, and that he was well with the exception of a sore leg. I asked him if he had written home, and he said that he had not done so, that he did not wish to, because of his leg being sore. I advised him to write and say nothing about his leg as it would be better to let them hear from him, though he should say nothing in respect to this. His leg did not appear to trouble him much, he was going about the encampment and did not appear much lame. He told me that he would write. If you should say anything to the Doctor about John's leg, tell him to have no concern about it. But probably it would be best to say nothing about the subject of health. I am scarce of paper. Tell Miss Eliza that she must be on the look out for something in relation to me, and in reference to which she called my attention.","Your brother, \nThomas","Say to Doctor Bosworth that I did not hand in the list for John, because of its having already been done.","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 19th, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nSometime since when Mr. Tanner the Daguerreian was passing through here on his way to Beverly, I availed myself of his kindness to send you and Grace and Thomas the little purchases which I made last summer and I hope that they reached you safely. I should have sent Father's miniature also, but upon reflection thought it would be better to defer doing so until a more favorable opportunity should present itself. I hope that Mr. Tanner called to see you, he is a very worthy person and one in whose integrity I have much confidence. The weather here is beautiful and I am enjoying like. To me my wife is a great source of happiness. She has those requisites of which I used to speak to you, and sends her love to you. Tell Mrs. [Hillie] that I have not yet learned the result  result of the application; but that it shall be followed up until some answer shall be obtained.","In my last letter, I spoke of being in Philadelphia. We remained there from Saturday until Monday, when we proceeded to West Point where I was delighted with my easy associations: The beautiful plains, the frowning ruins of Fort Putnam, the majestic river, and magnificent scenery all conspired to enhance my happiness which had already been of a high order. The ladies1 also were much pleased with it.","After remaining there until about 12 o'clock next day, we resumed out route for Niagara Falls. This of all natural curiosities is the most sublime and imposing which has ever come under my observation. We put up at the Cataract House, which is on the American side, and the next morning crossed over to Goat's Island which separates the Falls into two parts, that point on the East of the Island is called the Transcript\nAmerican Falls and that on the West side the Canadian. The latter is much the larger, by reason of the greater quantity of water which passes down on this side of the island. The Canadian falls are called the horseshoe falls from their resemblance to a horseshoe, the toe being up stream. When looking at this wonder of nature I desired to be left to my own interrupted thoughts, it lulls the mind and forbids interruption, it calls on the mind for its entire and undivided contemplation. More of this in my next. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. the family and all enquiring friends \u0026 relatives.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 30th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that upon the receipt of this that you will be induced to break your long silence. Do not think that because I am married that I would not be glad to receive a letter from you. I am going to the wedding of one of my old bachelor friends this evening. His name is Massie1, a graduate of the Va. Mil. Institute; the lady is Miss Sophonisba B. McDowell, daughter of the late governor McDowell.","At present my health is influenced by a cold in the head; but to such things in my own case, I attach but little importance, for with care they are dissipated in a few days. My wife is in good health, and sends her love to you \u0026 the family.","Things here are working smoothly, the weather is fine, and I am much pleased with the coming prospects. Give my love to Mr. A. and the rest of the family. Tell Mrs. Hillie that I saw the gentleman to whom I made application in her case, but a few days since, and that he that he had not been able to do anything for her as yet, but on account of the recent expenses of the lodge; but that he was certain that he would get twenty dollars at least, and that he would be in Richmond this winter, and that he would bring her case before the grand lodge of the State. But tell her not to be too sanguine about success for fear that she may be disappointed. In my opinion, something will be done for her, but how much it is impossible to say.","I believe that at the close of my last letter I was making some remarks upon Niagara, and I had probably finished them. After leaving there, we proceeded in a carriage down the Niagara River for a few miles to Lewiston, where we took a steamer and proceeded to cross Lake Ontario on our way to the St. Lawrence River, and at dawn the next morning we were around a cluster of islands called the thousand islands, which present an extremely beautiful aspect and they are probably a thousand in number, some almost covered by bare and rugged rocks and crops and the other beautifully varied with forests of Northern growth. I enjoyed the scene much! Very much! During the day, we passed through the perilous rapids of that remarkable river. In passing one of them we took on board a special pilot of large an athletic dimensions. After thus passing a very pleasant day, we arrived safely at Montreal. To be remembered to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends is the request of your only brother, \nThomas ","P.S. You may form some idea of one of the rapids from the circumstance that though we were on a high decked steamer, yes the spray was thrown extremely over her prow and so as to fall upon her deck.","Lexington, Va. \nFebruary 14th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour long looked for letter arrived at last. I am much pleased at having another niece and hope that she may prove as pretty and interesting as Grace. I hope that you may not have a return of the sore mouth, but that better health may bless you than in past years.","It is very singular that Mr. Tanner neglected to give you the things entrusted to him, possibly he changed his route after having seen me and did not pass through Beverly.","I wish that I could get Tom some suitable books here. I may have an opportunity of getting some by the time that any person from this place goes to Beverly.","I send you a lock of Ellie's hair which she reluctantly parts with because of its color, which she hopes may prove more acceptable to your taste than it has ever been to hers. My message to you is that you must prize it very highly as being the token of a sister's love and from a brother's wife.","Send us a lock from your hair and also one from Grace. Tell her to give me the prettiest she has so that I may look at it when I am so far off that I cannot see her pretty face. Tell her furthermore that I have told her Aunt that Grace is very pretty \u0026 her conduct much as good as her face.","I have not yet heard of any money being collected for Mrs. Hillie and I feel uneasy about it; yet I have strong reassurances that something will be done, and I shall press the matter until a definite answer shall have been obtained, and the result I will inform Mrs. Hillie of immediately. Ellie joins me in love to you and the family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 4th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter was gladly received, and read. Permit me to congratulate myself on being the Uncle of another niece as pretty as Grace. I hope that you will accept my kindest congratulations and give the same to Mr. Arnold. As yet I have heard nothing of Mr. Tanner.","I hope that Mrs. Hillie is improving in health. I am anxious about her claim, no recent account has been given me in reference to it. Should nothing be reported to me before summer, I shall go to Staunton in person and see about it. Until that time my occupation requires me to be at the Institute.","We have recently been called to mourn the death of my mother-in-law, she without any apparent uneasy concern passed in to that unseen world where the weary are at rest. Her life was such as to attract around her many warm friends, and if she had any enemy in this world it was and continues to be a secret to me. Hers was a Christian life and hers was a Christian death. She had been afflicted with rheumatism for several months previous to the close of her life and on Saturday preceding her death she had the return of hernia which had formerly afflicted her. On the 23rd of February about 3 o'clock P.M. her husband told her that her end had come. She asked how long she could live and he told her two or three hours, and although the Physicians had the same day pronounced her symptoms favorable, she appeared perfectly reconciled. She said that she was not afraid to die and that she found Jesus precious to her soul. [text at left margin] She asked us to kiss her and told her children to live near to Jesus and to be kind to one another. When asked by one her daughters what they should do without her, she replied that the Lord would provide. She was strongly attached to her family and [they] to her; yet she appeared to have no concern about what would become of herself or family, such was her complete confidence in the promises of the Bible. She felt assured that God would provide for her family and she felt that she was going to her saviour, with whom she expected to enjoy unending happiness. Her death was no leaping into the dark. She died with the bright hope of an unending immortality of happiness.","My sister, Oh! That you could thus live, then might you thus die. Do you not remember how much you are concerned about your children when you apprehend the approach of a dying hour. Do my sister turn to God and cast all your care in Jesus. I believe that you had our Mother's and Warren's prayers and now you have mine, and more than mine. My Dear Sister, do seek religion.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family, my wife sends her love also.","Remember me to all enquiring relations and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 7th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nAs I received your letter day before yesterday, and was desirous of answering it by the return mail, I could only say a few words. I am not certain whether the physician mentioned in your letter, was the same I have heard of as the lecturer in the North, or not; if he is, as I before stated, I should not much admire his character, though he might be a good doctor notwithstanding. Yet I would not like such a man for my physician, if I could get a good physician whose moral character would receive my approbation. If this is not the lecturer, I know nothing about him.","I hope that by the time you receive this that your health will have much improved. But my sister, be that as it may, do turn to God, and obey the teachings of the Bible. If you do not believe its teachings at least obey its doctrines and I believe that God will give you faith. Make but the effort, and resolve to do what it teaches to the close of life, and then you may expect death to be disrobed of its terrors. Remember that you have your brother's prayers, and I hope those of several members of my wife's family, and I believe that you also received the prayers of our Mother and Brother.","I received a letter a few days since from Aunt Clementine Neale. She and Uncle Alford had been south to see Uncle Thornton and Wirt, but a short time before they reached Uncle Thornton's Wirt had gone to California. She tells me that Wirt is a very tall man, and that Uncle Thornton has a very high opinion of him. Uncle Minor's wife lost her last husband in New Orleans some months since and she is consequently again thrown upon her father's protection. I have also received a letter from Uncle John White; his health has improved and that of his family is generally good. Uncle George White's family at last account was well.","My dear sister do try and follow your Brother's council now and remember that this letter is prayed over by him, that it may be the means of your eternal happiness. Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA \nApril 11th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nLast night I received a letter from Uncle John White, in which the states that Uncle Madison is not willing to have Uncle Cummins' property sold so far as to pay off his (Cummins) debts and that Madison is opposed to having the mills rented out again, but is trying to get them into his own hands, and he already had got the negroes from Jacob Jackson. Uncle John thinks that the property ought to be sold so far as to pay off Uncle Cummins' debts and the remainder to be divided among the heirs, and I think that such is the proper course. He offers to do the best he can for you and me provided we wish him to do so. I have offered to give him my interest as an heir because I was afraid that in going to law I might spend more than my interest would be worth. I wish you would let Uncle John know whether he shall do anything for you or not. I hope that by this time all is well with you. Ellie joins me in love to yourself and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI have in vain waited for your reply to several letters; if you can not write barely enclose me your card or anything to tell me that you are still among the living. Doctor White left your presents for me with a friend of mine and they have come safely to hand and for which I am much obliged. I regret that he did not call and see me or at least let me know of his being in town in order to give me an opportunity of seeing him and it would have given me an opportunity of returning father's miniature. I have not seen Mr. Tanner since he passed through Beverly; but I suppose that he delivered to you some books for Thomas.","Tell Mrs. Hilley that I have not been able to get anything for her as yet, but that the necessary steps have been taken and that we must await the result which she shall be made acquainted with.","I am a candidate for the Professorship of Mathematics in the University of Va. I am well pleased with my present position, yet the other is more desirable both by reason of its being more prominent, and its being about three thousand dollars. The professor is elected by the Board of Visitors for the University of Va.","We have had some very cold weather here during the past few days but at present it is very fine.","My wife has had the left side of her face partially [paralyzed]1","Your brother, \nThomas","P.S. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and inquiring relations and friends. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nMay 2nd 1854","My Dear Sister, \nI chanced to be at the Hotel yesterday when Doctor White was passing through town and was much pleased at meeting him; it served to some extent the purpose of seeing you; as I thereby had an opportunity of seeing someone who had recently been with my sister. He told me that you had written to me and after the Post Office had opened I received your letter. The mass of which you speak I would send to you, had the Doctor not have procured it before seeing me, he told me that he had found it in the shop of some doctor as he was coming to Lexington. Should you wish any more at any time, let me know and I will procure it for you. I do hope that little Tom is free from that dreadful disease the scrofula. I trust that your apprehensions may prove groundless but it always best to be wide awake, and not permit ourselves to be taken by surprise.","I hope that your health may continue to improve. The poor little Babe what can be the matter with it? I suppose that it is difficult to decide in so young a child, but let us hope for the better while we continue to be prepared for the worst.","Ellie's face has not yet entirely recovered; but I am of the opinion that time will effect a perfect restoration.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all enquiring relatives and friends. Tell Thomas and the other children, that I love them, and that they must be good children. Ellie joins me in love to you all.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. Tell Thomas that I am sorry that he is sick, and that I wish that I could do something for him. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 12th, 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour sorrowful letter came safe. Your loss is one which I have never been called upon to bear up under; I can well conceive of the tender union which is thus sundered. You have my sympathy [note 1] and I wish I could point you successfully to the source of consolation. I have [entrusted?] the hair to Ellie's keeping. I am not certain that we will be able to come to Beverly this summer; though, should we do so, I will write to you before hand. I am glad to hear that the other children are doing so well. Enclosed is the ribbon. I hope that it will please you, it was the prettiest that Ellie could find. Should there be any other article that I can procure you, it will give me pleasure to do so. I am not certain about my election; but be the result as it may, my friends have acted nobly in my cause.  [note 2] I am very much pressed at this time with studies and letter writing; though a few more weeks will close our session. Tell Doctor B. that his son is in good health. All of my wife's family are at home now, with the exception of one brother, who is in Pa. One of her brothers who is a lawyer in Philadelphia has brought home his bride; having married last Thursday.","I am endeavoring to get an answer about Mrs. Hilley's money: and if I do not get it soon I shall go and see about it in person, and will have the matter settled either one way or the other. Remember me to her and to all my other friends.","Your brother \nT. J. Jackson \nRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to my other relations. \nTJJ","[Note 1 - Reference to the death of Laura's infant daughter, Laura Zell Arnold (b. Dec. 1853 d. May 1854).]\n[Note 2 - Reference to Jackson's pending application for a professorship at the University of Virginia. Shortly after this letter was written, the University's Board awarded the position to another candidate.]","My Dear Sister, \nEllie \u0026 myself hope to be with you this day week (Saturday).","I wish you would say to Mrs. Hillie that I have failed in my efforts to procure her any assistance. I much regret this. I do not know of any person belonging to the Staunton Lodge who would have been more likely of success than Mr. Watts, the gentleman to whom I entrusted it.\nYour Brother Thomas ","My dear Laura, \nThe Major is so busy with his duties at the Institute that he has commissioned me to finish this letter for him. Indeed, I have scarcely seen him today. He wishes me to say to you that he hopes you will not exert yourself by making any preparations to receive us; he does not want you to weary yourself or injure your health on our account. The weather is so extremely warm just now that we quite fear the ride in stage, but we hope to find it cooler further among the mountains.\nYours affect. \nEllie Jackson","Excuse this hasty note as I am much pressed with business. Mr. Bledsoe of Kentucky was elected at the University to the chair for which I was a candidate.","Healing Springs, Va. \nJuly 24th 1854","My dear Laura, \nWe intended to have written last week to you concerning our journey and safe arrival here, but it was postponed from day to day as such things often are. The journey over the mountains was exceedingly tiresome to me, as the road over the Cheat Mt. had been newly macadamized \u0026 the load was heavy for two horses. We had a very agreeable companion","[at top of page]","The Major says they did not know when they would make any mass at the Bath Alum, but he says if you want it he will direct them to send you a keg of it, but he expects the transportation will cost a good deal. companion with us, whose vivacity and intelligence beguiled our way very much. His name was Henry O. Middleton \u0026 he is a great land owner \u0026 speculator. Much of his talk was about land. It was nine o'clock when we reached Monterey and we left it at two in the morning, so we did not have very much rest-- but by lying down on the seat with my head on the Major's knees \u0026 Mr. Middleton's overcoat for a pillow I rested somewhat \u0026 did not feel the jolting so terribly as I did sometimes. At Yager's where we dined, they had according to the Major's request a fine dish of trout and I can assure you we did full justice to them. We did not go all the way to Staunton on Saturday, but stopped 15 miles short of it at Dudley's. From there the landlord brought us over to Oakland on the other turnpike. There we stayed over Sunday and on Monday evening we took the stage again. That night we slept at Cloverdale \u0026 the next day we came on here, stopping to breakfast at the Bath Alum.","The Major inquired there for the mass according to your wish but they had none and were making none. There were very few visitors there.","We reached these Springs about noon on Tuesday. A good many people have come since we did and now I suppose there are 50 or 60 here. The water is disagreeably warm to drink, but is very pleasant to bathe in. I drink about 5 glasses a day \u0026 the Major drinks more. They keep an excellent table and we get the very nicest brown bread, plenty of venison \u0026 other meat and twice they had tomatoes, but they were brought from Richmond. They have been examining my face this morning \u0026 I think it is a little improved.  I let the water run over it when I was in the bath. The Major thinks the water is doing him good. He joins with me in sending love to you \u0026 the children \u0026 compliments to Mr. Arnold.","Yours Affect.\nE.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 14th 1854","My dear sister \nYou must excuse this short letter and also my not having written to you at an earlier day, for my eyes have become so bad as to make me very careful with them. You wrote to me that should your health not prevent your coming to see me that I might have expected your arrival several days since. I went to the Hotel to see whether you had attempted such a journey. Though I would like to see you, and appreciate your very sisterly affection, yet I would not like for you to attempt coming over such a road, with all its harassments, so do not attempt it. When my next vacation vacation will enable me to leave (which I cannot do now without neglecting my duties) I trust that God will again permit me to see your face.","My Dear Ellie thought to pass over the stage route from here to Beverly was a hard undertaking for her. After she returned home she was pleased with her visit. She has now gone on a glorious visit though through a gloomy portal. Her companion are of the glorified Host. I look forward with delight to the day when I shall join her. Religion is all that I desire it to be. I am reconciled to my loss and have joy in hope of a future reunion where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest. I am much obliged to you for you kind desire to come and stay with Ellie.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lex. Va. \nFeby 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI have learned with pleasure that your health has improved and I hope that you may not for many a day to come {need} any more medicine. I have gone to both of our book stores but in neither one could be found the books which you require. If you desire it and will let me know I will get one of our merchants when in Philadelphia next month to get them if they are to be had. The spelling book is here but the others I doubt whether they will ever be here unless specially ordered.","I have just written to Wirt I to have done so some time since but have been prevented by my eyes. He is at Mount Vernon Indiana where he recently returned from California. He saw hard times and was glad to get back even with his life, though he brought some money $340 dollars.","My eyes are improving but still I have to be careful with them, the spots continue to float before them. I am obliged to you for your kind suggestion not to hurt them even in writing to you. Maggie has been in Philadelphia for about three months for her health. Is there anything of Dear Ellie's which you would like to have, her pencil, her glasses or anything else?","Love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, Thomas.","[Note: the last page of this document contains a handwritten copy of a letter not in our collection]","Lexington Va \nJanuary 24th 1854","My Dear Sister \nMy eyes have improved so that I hope to be able sometim next month to write you a letter.  I received your letter yesterday.  Maggie is in Philadelphia.","Your affectionate \nbrother Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI sometime since received a letter from Wirt in which he stated that he was at Uncle Alfred Neales, and that he intended going to your house as soon as the weather should settle. He requested me to answer him immediately directing my letter to him at Beverly. I at once replied and I suppose that the letter has reached its destination ere this. He writes a good hand and a sensible letter. He expresses his intention of going to California or his desire to do so. This I","[text below continues from page 4; it appears on the left and top margins of page 1]","here but I am unable to select for fear that you may have them or that they may not suit your taste. Remember me very kindly to Wirt when he arrives, to Mr. A., to all the family and to all enquiring friends and relatives.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","hope he will relinquish. I am inclined to the belief that he would probably do as well by making Civil Engineering his profession as at any thing else to which he could turn his attention under present circumstances. But of this I can not speak definitely. He must judge of this for himself. Try and get him to stay with you if you can, until I come and get him to study arithmetic \u0026 geography and history: and for this purpose lend him Rollin's ancient history. If Wirt will study Latin I will give him lessons during the summer and put him in the way of learning it so that he can teach Thomas.","I will also if he will consent to do so give him instruction in the different sciences, of Algebra, Geometry and in Engineering and other branches of necessary education and bring with me the necessary books. If he thinks that it will take up too much time for a perfect education, he can take enough for an Engineer in the course of a few months. He can then commence the practice on some of our internal improvements. I have an idea that he might succeed well in this sphere of life. He could whilst practicing his profession make himself a good historian, but it would be the safer plan to get a good education before he commences the practice of the profession.","I hope that for the present Wirt will conclude to teach and then he can as he progresses with his education decide on his profession. I am anxious to know as soon as practicable his determination. I think that the plan of staying in Beverly and taking up a school is the proper one for him if all things are favorable to it, so far as obtaining Mr. Arnold's approbation and a moderate school. I send you two styles of writing but I would not advise the use of but one. If you will let me know which you have selected I can send you [some] others when wanted.","I bought four papers of seed, but can only find three. If you will name the kind of seed you want I think that I can probably get them for there is a variety","[end of letter appears in margin on page 1] ","Lex. Va. \nApril 4th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 30th ult. And Thomas' came by this days mail. I feared from what I recently heard that Wirt's mind had not entirely recovered. And as such appears to be the case from your letter, it might be dangerous for him to be closely confined. He told me in his letter that he was not qualified for any occupation except farming and that he did not have the means for this. I therefore make two offers to him. One is to purchase the farm worth a thousand dollars and let him go on it, and have all that he can make. The other is the system of education which I have already stated to you. Now if you can let him know this in such a manner as to be acceptable to him, I wish you to do so. If you think that such can not be done, then let me know it. He ought not to feel hurt at any assistance which I offer to give him, because he is my brother. Should he conclude to go on the farm, I want him to read during his spare time and having a good memory he can become a good historian. Should he prefer going on a farm, I think it would be well to select one in such a position as will enable him easily to dispose of his produce. He might in a few years be able to refund the money used. I would not charge him any interest. I have not got a thousand dollars on hand now; but expect to have in a few months. Wirt might be looking him out a place suitable farm so that when I come West we go together and see it.","I am sorry that your eyes are so much impaired, but hope that they will be better before this reaches you. I would recommend you to fill a basin full of water and put your face under the water and hold your eyes open in it as long as you can hold your breath. Just do this once whenever your eyes are very painful. This is the course which I am now pursuing. I do it about six times a day in cold water \u0026 the water should be as cold as when just drawn from the well or taken from the river. My eyes are quite bad at present. Don't write but make Thomas do it for you. I would be glad if Wirt would write to me. Tell Thomas that I shall answer his letter in a few days and that I am very thankful to him for it. Tell him that I am much pleased with his good spelling. I sent the primer and reader by the last mail. Give my love to all and the family and Wirt.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas ","Lexington, Va. \nJune 1st, 1855","My Dear Sister, \nDay before yesterday, I received a letter from Wirt written, at Uncle Alfred's. he says that his health had improved and that he ploughed nearly all the preceding day. He also stated that there is a school a short distance below the Island, and that he wants to go to school there when his health is sufficiently reestablished. He says that he likes Mr. Arnold \"very much\" and that you treated him \"like a brother.\" I am pleased with his letter, and if he continues at Uncle Alfred's, I want to visit him this summer. I should not for a moment suspect from his composition that his mind was injured. He speaks plainly and sensibly.","I hope that before this, you have recovered at least the usual use of your eyes and that all things are moving on pleasantly. How is Thomas getting along with his studies?","This a rainy day here, but is rather brighter that it was early in the morning. I have received the railing for dear Ellie's grave and this summer expect to take steps for the Tomb stones to be brought from Philadelphia. I intend to have them of Italian marble. The iron railing is neat and when I put it up it will be about three feet high.","Pure and lovely companion of my happier days, I feel that she has entered upon the blissful enjoyment of which the human mind cannot have a clear conception. Ere many long years roll by I hope to be with her, where there will be no more separation. We loved each other on Earth and shall that love be diminished in eternity I do not believe it, but on the contrary will be greatly enhanced. Had I one request on Earth to ask in accordance with my own feelings and apart from duty it would be that I might join her before the close of another day after this. I have many pleasures here, but I believe that there are greater in reserve beyond this life.","If you want me to bring any thing in July, let me know in your next.","Give me love to all the family \u0026 to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 18th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter post marked 10th Inst. came a few days after I had written to Mr. Watts of Staunton in reference to Mrs. Hilley and he tells me in his reply that the grand lodge could not do any thing for want of Jurisdiction and that the Staunton Lodge could not give assistance for want of funds. A recent house built by this lodge  has prevented any aid from this source. Mr. W. said \"We have purchased a very fine lodge room at a heavy expense, and all the means we can well share must go to pay for it.\" So you see how hopeless the case is. Say to Mrs. Hilley that I much regret this issue of the application. I had hoped that something would have been done, but as the Staunton and the grand lodges have both failed, I don't see that any thing is to be hoped for in this section of the state.","Julia last week purchased two collars for you but she could not find a suitable belt. I afterwards went in search of one, but with a similar result. There are plenty of them, but not such as please me, so I intend postponing the purchase until I reach Staunton. I could get a bonnet but I am afraid that it would get broken. I shall think it over when I am in Staunton. The [shawl] I have had no opportunity as yet of sending for. I shall try and bring you some slips from dear Ellie's flowers.","It will give me much pleasure to teach Thomas while I am with you. I have a few old clothes which I will take with me. I much obliged for your kindness in reference to the shirts but don't let any thing be touched until I see you.","Wirt has not written since your last.","Remember me very kindly to Mrs. Hilley \u0026 to Miss El[illegible] and to other enquiring friends.","Give my love to all the family. I hope that Aunt and Cousin John's health have improved.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Uncle Alfred's \nAugust 10th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nThe object of this note is to state that I was prevented from going on the Hall place. But I learned that she there are 637 1/2 acres to be sold on the 20th of this month. This land is composed of the Hall place, the School Croft place \u0026 the Thorpe place, none of which I wish to purchase. It is estimated that it will go at from three to five thousand dollars \u0026 is by all regarded as valuable property.","As my eyes continue weak you must excuse this brief letter. Wirt sends his love \u0026 thanks for the articles of clothing and says that he wants you to write to him, that he has only received that one short note from you though he has written several letters. Uncle's family are in usual health.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nSept. 3rd 1855","My Dear Sister, \nAs my eyes are still troubling me, you must excuse this brief note. I left Wirt on Thursday of week before last with the understanding that he would start for Missouri on the following Monday. There he designed going to farming on some land of mine which I am to purchase. He is to have some more schooling after he gets located, and I hope that he will do well. He was troubled about the promise which he made to you of paying you a visit. I advised him to go at once and select some place where he would like to live and that I would write to you. It was important that he should as soon as practicable get fixed in some pursuit. His mind was unsettled and flying from thing to thing, and it appears that the course he was prevailed on to take is the best for him. He had learned but very little at school previous to my going to the River. But with the start I gave him in grammar I hope that he will become a good grammarian. I want him to study spelling writing and grammar. I hope that you will write to me soon approving his course and excusing him from his promise. I feet well satisfied that you would do so when I counseled him at once to locate himself. Give my love to all the family.","Your affectionate brother","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter to Wirt appears to have had a good influence on him such as to induce him to relinquish his idea of returning to Indiana. Yet he has gone beyond what I authorized him to do by purchasing a farm at eight dollars per acre. I restricted him to seven at most. But notwithstanding if Cousin Wm. Neale will approve of the bargain I have determined to advance eleven hundred dollars. I well know that there is a risk but it appears to me that I ought to run this risk for him. He made the purchase without consulting Cousin Wm. and it may be that he has been cheated. I have written to Uncle Alfred to forward between seven and eight hundred dollars if he thinks it should be done, but with the condition that the contract is to be approved by Cousin Wm. and the deed to be made out in my name. Wirt says that he has paid ninety five dollars of the purchase money by selling his horse to the person from whom he purchased.","Mr. Thomas left for home yesterday and I left at the house where he was staying a testament for him to carry to Mrs. Hilley. It may possibly be that it was not delivered to him, please let me know whether Mrs. Hilley gets it. He was not in when I left the book and he told me afterwards that he had not received it, but I requested him to ask for it before leaving.","Tell Mr. Arnold that I want to get about two thousand acres of land warrant and ask him whether he could purchase me any if I were to forward the money and at about what price does he think it can be procured. I do not want to make any purchases until after Christmas as the general impression I believe is that the price will be lower about that time, but I would like to know what it is worth now. Tell him that my intention is to let the land lay after purchasing it for a number of years without selling it and that as the lands in Kansas are less culled over than those in the free states I will for the same amount of money get better land and that Kansas will almost certainly be a free state and this will give the advantage of a free state in selling should I years hence wish to dispose of them. Ask him what he thinks of these views. Tell him that I have been told there is considerable good land in Illinois still unappropriated and if so I want to lay warrants on some of it as it must ultimately command a high price.","I hope Mr. Campbell will come on and that you will be able to keep him. Aunt Clem told me in a recent letter that soon after my leaving she was laid up from","[end of letter appears in margin of this and previous pages]","Charly \u0026 Julia took prizes.","I received Dear Ellie's tomb stones today enclosed a draft of the head stone, it has a full blown rose and a rose bud on the top. William Junkin my youngest brother-in-law is to be married tomorrow to Miss Anna Anderson a lovely a pretty girl. Our synod was a delightful assembly. Your affectionate brother.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 6th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 29th Sept. came safely and I am obliged to you for your advise in regard to Wirt, and I agree with you in regard to the course to be pursued. I had previously taken precautions against any such consequences as you refer to. My arrangement with regards to the purchase of land is this. That he should go out and make a selection of such a farm as would fulfill certain conditions, and previous to the purchase the transaction must be approved by Uncle Alfred Neale in the event of his being in Missouri at the time, if not then Cousin William Neale must approve of it. Upon complying with all the conditions, Uncle Alfred Neale is to forward endorse a note which I left in his hands and after getting the money out of the Bank to forward a check for it on [N. T.?] payable to the order of Cousin William Neale. And when the deed is made out in my name Cousin William is to pay the money. So the money is entirely beyond Wirt's control. Cousin Wm. Neale has advised Wirt to do as you recommended, viz. to raise stock \u0026 I suppose that he will do so.","When Wirt shall have purchased land, then I expect to furnish him some money to enable him to work it. This he may be able to dispose of, but I will be on my guard about entrusting him with it if there is any danger of [Will?/him?] going back to Uncle Thornton's","I am thankful to you for having written a plain letter to Wirt upon his conduct. I have received a letter from Wirt dated Sept. 19th in which he states that he had reached William Neale's but in going up the Mississippi River the boat was s[wamp?]ed and he left his berth to go forward leaving his purse under his pillow and when he returned it was gone. He says that the country is very healthy. But that improved land is worth from 25 to 30 dollars per acre. Cousin Wm. has advised him to go elsewhere and he is going to look at the lands of Johnson County. He expresses himself pleased with the country and I hope that he may do well. I do not want him to go into a free state if it can be avoided for he would probably become an abolitionist and then in the event of trouble between the N \u0026 S he would stand on one side and we on the opposite. Tell Mr. Arnold that next year I want to go West and make investments in land and would be glad could he go along and make some purchases for himself if he desires to make such.","[end of letter in margins of this and previous pages]","William Woodson says that he acknowledges his obligation to assist Wirt but that he is not able. I agree with him that land in a free state rises most rapidly. But I have a scheme on hand which I think approve of and which I will give in my next.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Nov. 3rd 1855","I wish that you would not omit to let me know Mr. Arnold's views in your next and whether he thinks that he will go with me and the prospect of buying say one thousand acres of land warrant \u0026 the price per acre.","I wrote to James Dicks a few days since, and the reference to his putting up stones at Brother Warren's grave, and I wish that you would drop him a line as soon as convenient giving the days of his birth and death. If you have my letter upon the subject of his death you may find one of the dates from it.","I got Aunt Coty Williams to go with me to Father's and our sisters graves and made arrangement with her for having the graves fixed up so far as renewing the Earth over them and I hope that before a [great while?] we shall be able to erect stones.","The Cadets have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond but are expected to be home today.","T.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nNov. 13th 1855","[fragment; only top portion exists]","...it as he was going West to buy land, and gave his note payable in two months. So your....","[fragment; only top portion exists]","-pects be applied as I originally designed. He wrote to me that he could get two hundred dollars for his bargain and if so will have done well by the purchase and sale of it again. I don't know what to do about him. I told him at the time that I made the proposition not to accept of it unless he felt it would be to his interest, and I wrote in reply to his letter expressing the advantages that Indiana offered, that if he was dissatisfied with our engagement not to consider himself bound by it.","Cousin Hardin Neale it appears is really consumptive.","Remember me very affectionately to all the family and very kindly to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nChristmas 1855","My Dear Nephew, \nYour letter has given me pleasure in various ways. I am glad to know that you can find time from your play to write me so good a letter and hope that you will write frequently. I am sorrowed that your mule should have been so unmannerly as to throw you off \u0026 even after doing this should kick you, but now since your Pa has sold him all such accidents I hope will be avoided for the future.  I remember having once been served pretty much the same way by one of those kicking creatures. It happened in this way I went with Cousin Wm. Brake whom your mother can tell you about to bring some mules home one Sunday Morning, and as I was riding down a long hill somehow or other I not only got over the mark across his shoulders but he got me over his head and jumped clear over me and way he went \u0026 from that day to this I have not been very fond of mule riding. You know they kick out to one side like a cow.","I have corrected your letter \u0026 believing that you would understand the corrections better if I returned the letter with the corrections I have concluded to return it with this. And now I am not going to look over my letter, and I expect that there are some mistakes in it \u0026 if so I wish when you read it that you would point them out to your Pa or Ma and tell me of them when you next write, and if there are many you can just correct them, and return the letter thus corrected. I hope that you will get to a good school this Winter. I saw Doctor Bosworth this morning at the Hotel or Tavern in Town. He is up paying his son John a visit during the Christmas holidays \u0026 I wish that you would go \u0026 tell Mrs. Bosworth that I saw him \u0026 tell her also that John is well.","The Doctor told me that he thought that you would have a good teacher in Town this winter. I hope that you will get enough money to buy a calf and that you will grow up to be a good \u0026 wise man.","Give much love to your Father, Mother, Grace \u0026 Stark.","Your affectionate Uncle \nThomas","Jany 14th 1856","My Dear Aunt, \nYour letter enclosing Wirt's \u0026 its accompanying bonds came safely. And in reply I would state that I even desire that my feelings may never get the better of my judgement. And certainly from all the light now before me it would be in violation of my judgement to aid Wirt until he gives evidence of being a reliable and straight forward person. Though he promised in his letters to give a portion of each to [parsing?] as I had taught him. Yet he has not so much as attempted anything in any of his letters, and it appears ","[top margin text is end of letter, see page 2]\nunless they are responsible persons. that though he promised you not to purchase the watch, yet he violated his promise to you and excused himself by saying that the man made him do so. For the present and until he satisfies me that it would be proper to give him aid I must decline doing it. But it will give me pleasure to assist whenever I can do so with the consciousness that he will do what is right.","Tell uncle that I am anxiously looking for the check from him on New York City as I want to forward funds there as soon as practicable. Much love to uncle and to all the family. Please let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate nephew, \nThomas","I return one of Wirt's papers and will return the others letter hereafter. The deed is to be made to Wirt \u0026 this not until is directly the reverse of his obligations \u0026 the time of making the deed is deferred until the last purchase money shall be paid \u0026 then if they cannot make it, there it ends unless they are responsible persons.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI expect that you have been expecting a letter for several mails as I am several mails behind my time, and acting upon the principle that late is better than never I have concluded to appropriate a portion of this afternoon to a little talk with you.","My paper you see is variegated with colors by obviously not much beautified by such acquisition. This varied appearance has resulted not from color but from the absence of color produced by spilling some nitric acid on it \u0026 it has given me about a [illegible] of the same stamp. Tell Thomas he must never give up his Latin grammar nor his English either. That if he perseveres that he may expect to find both of great use after awhile. Tell him that his uncle had to study hard for years at more difficult things than the Latin \u0026 grammar and that after he learns it, that it will all be very easy. Tell him also that I want a letter from him when he finds time to write. But he must make himself perfect master of his spelling book and grammar now when he is young and then he may expect to write correct letters, but without knowing these two books he can hardly expect to write correctly. Because all correct writing must have the words spelled correctly and written grammatically.","How is cousin John getting? I have not yet written to him, but if your next letter brings the news of his life being prolonged I think that I will try and write very soon after. My time is taken up during the day and I am afraid to write at night. But my eyes are improving. I have no recent news of Wirt at least for several weeks \u0026 I do not know where he is. The last I heard from him was through a letter written to Aunt Clem. Cousin Hardin appointed Uncle Alfred his administrator. If Cousin John is still living, give him my warm remembrances \u0026 hope that the visions of the future may grow brighter until faith is lost in reality of those joys which passeth all understanding. Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has come safely, and I am glad to learn that you are in such an exuberant flow of spirits and hope that such much may long continue.","I received, and answered your other letter in regard to the tombstones at Brother Warren's grave. But as I usually answer letters from recollection, thus saving my eyes from rereading, I forgot ","[end of letter from page 4 appears on margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","to answer that particular inquiry, but remembered it afterwards and should have answered it. In this: I wish to put stones to his grave and also to Father's \u0026 sister's, and also to Mother's if I knew certainly the spot, but it appears to me that it would be best to put all up at the same time during the coming year. But if you would prefer having Warren's put up now, write to Jas. Dicks \u0026 ask him to do so, and pay him the twelve dollars, and ask Doctor Bosworth if it will not suit him to let you have my part of the expense and let me pay it over to Colonel Smith here the same amount for him, it will save him the risk of the losing it by mail, in the event of his sending his money by mail. But should it not be convenient for the Doctor to do so, and you can spare the money until I shall have an opportunity of getting a check I will forward it to you and should there be other expenses beyond twelve dollars I will share them with you.","The congregation here to which I belong have objects to which they subscribe of much more importance to them than your Academy can be, that I am well satisfied that your application would meet with little or no favor here, and I would advise that no effort should be made. We have six annual contributions, and then certain others which are first recommended by over session, and I am well satisfied that the session would consider other objects as more demanding their recommendation than the academy. You need not be afraid of the opposing party doing anything here if they were to do so it would give me an opportunity which I would embrace if at home of urging your claims.","[end continues margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1856","My Dear Nephew, \nNow for a letter to you, but I would much rather talk to you if you were here, but as I can't talk with you I do not intend biting off my nose by delaying myself the pleasure of writing. Thanks to you for your correction of my letter. And now let us see how many errors you can find in this yours. And now let us read your letter together, and let us number the wrong words. No (1) means to exclude, you wished to tell me to receive, just the reverse of this, and should have said accept. No. 2 should begin with the capital E because the word is an adjective derived from the name of a nation. No. 3 should for the same reason begin with L. No. 4 should be piece, look in your dictionary for both words piece \u0026 peace. No. 5 wants an e at the end. I hope that your finger has perfectly recovered. I am much pleased with your letter and want you to write often. Your little sealing wax experiment had much gratified me. And now I hope that you will put all the words which I corrected for you down on a separate piece of paper and memorize them safely so that when I next visit you they can all be repeated by you, Grace and Stark.","I am glad to see them doing so well in their studies. And if you study your Latin grammar well, I think that you will be apt to like it after you become well acquainted with it. We generally like those things best which we can do the best. We usually find that the little boy who can run faster than any other boy fond of running races and the one who can read the best of any in his class fond of reading. And the man who can talk better and speak better than others fond of talking and speaking. I want to see you a good talker, but especially a good speaker and your Latin is very important in making you a good speaker, and so study it with all your might. Besides the correction of my letter let us see if you can correct these words viz.: ","[end of letter continues on margins of page 1]","Philadelfia, Pensilvania.","Give much love to all the family.","Your affectionate \nUncle Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMay 12th, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nThanks for your letter and excuse me for not having answered it sooner. I have been unsuccessful in procuring seed as our seed seller of last year did not bring them on this year. But the apothecary chanced to have a few on hand from which I have selected two papers. The assortment is very poor and small.","I wish that you would drop a note to Mr. Criss or to Cousin Elizabeth and see whether he could not see to putting up the stones at the graves of Father \u0026 Sister, and ask what they will come to including the cost of putting them up. And if you can get it attended to I will advance the money at any time for the purpose but before closing the terms let me know because if they are not as good as I can get elsewhere I had better have it done. But it appears to me that all the","[part of end of letter appears on this page]","be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you. probabilities are in favor of getting it done cheaper in by Mr. Criss than I could get it done abroad from Clarksburg. I have not been able to ascertain the cost of railing for you but intend writing to Phil. about it. The railing around Ellie's grave was about one dollar and a half per foot.","Maggie left for Phil. last Saturday. I received a letter from Wirt in which he expresses his probable intention of going West again and I understand from his language that he means California; as he speaks of going over the plains or some such phraseology. I have been trying to find his letter but have not succeeded at this time. I fear that I will not get to Beverly this summer as I am very anxious to go direct to Washington City, \u0026 begin my work of finding out and locating land and as I may have much to do in the West in endeavoring to find out the best land ","[end of letter in margins of page 1 and 2]","all my time may be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you.","Let me hear from you soon. I hope that Thomas has received my letter.","Your much attached brother, \nThomas","We have had a great revival of religion here.","Lexington \nMay 19th/56","My Dear Aunt, \nYou may ere this have wondered at my long silence. And it has not resulted from not having thought of you, but this year like the past has been much occupied with my professional duties and I have not yet finished a new book which I am teaching this year on astronomy. But by the way I think that you are a letter in my debt. But with those I love I don't wish to stand on formalities, and you see from the size of my paper that you are not to be troubled with a long epistle.","And you are probably by this time beginning to think that he has not much to say or else he would commence setting about it. But such is not the case, for we have such an outpouring of the Spirit of God in our churches here as I never remember of having seen elsewhere. Your branch of the church has recently been increased though I can not say how much. The Episcopal church about a week since took in nearly twenty five and from present appearances I suppose that about fifty will join the Presbyterian church in a few days when we are to have our commission. The Baptist church is also being blest, and I think that we may reasonably expect more than one hundred from this revival. I feel very thankful to God for such divine blessings.","I wish that Laura was here. I want you dear Aunt to make her one of the number for whom you regularly pray. What answer did she give you in regard to your very kind and Christian letter to her. Pray that the Glorious work of grace here may go on. Laura appears to be blest with unusual good health this summer. I wrote to Wirt sometime since a letter of very plain talk about the same that I wrote to you in regard to him. It was the result of a letter which he wrote to me. I thought that in reply I had better be plain even though he should take offence. For he would then see that I only wish to have business transactions with persons who were entirely reliable. Please give much love to Uncle \u0026 to all the family. Remember that I attach unusual importance to your letters.","Your affectionate nephew \nThomas","June 6th 1856","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came safely. And I begin my reply now though I shall not mail it until Monday. As yet I have not heard from Phil. in regard to the railing, but I may do so by the time of forwarding this. In regard to the tomb stones, I wish as soon as you receive an answer in reference to them, and shall have determined on the price \u0026 the time that they are to be put up you would let me know because in the event of their being put up before September I must make my arrangements before starting West. And I wish to know the amount as I desire to employ all of my spare funds in the purchase of lands. Doctor Bosworth will pay you fifteen dollars for me, in return for money which he wrote to me to give his son John this coming summer, but it will not be due until sometime in July as he proposed returning it to me in Beverly this summer supposing that I would visit Beverly. And if the man comes to Beverly as I suppose he does from his furnishing stones for Cousin John's grave, had I not better send the money to you and get you to pay him, getting Cousin Criss to see that he does the work properly. I expect Col. Augustus Smith here this month from Clarksburg and if you can't arrange the matter otherwise, I may be able to arrange it through him.","In reference to Wirt, I am interested in his welfare and had he followed my advice I feel that he would most certainly have been benefited by it. I wrote to him not long since in answer to a letter from him. Ask Mr. Arnold if there is anything which I can do for him this summer in the way of locating land warrants or otherwise. Tell him that my present purpose is to go to Washington from here and after finding out all that I can there in reference to Western lands, to pass into Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and probably Arkansas and say to him that I design following out Transcript\nhis idea of locating some land in a Northern state, but that I am a little afraid to put much there for fear that in the event of dissolution of the Union, that the property of Southerners may be confiscated. I want to locate about three thousand acres, maybe a little more, and if I can please myself will probably put down about one half of it in a Northern state. I would be thankful for suggestions from Mr. Arnold if he has any to make. As yet I have not purchased \nThis is Monday afternoon and no news as yet in regard to the railing by my next letter you may expect to hear about the cost.","Remember me very kindly to all the family. I hope that Thomas is doing well in his Latin and English grammar.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI sail in the steam ship Asia for Europe at 12 o'clock today for Liverpool. The reasons for doing so I will give in my next. I gave John Bosworth an order on the Lexington book for thirty dollars and requested that the money should be returned to you. This will do for Father's and sister's graves. Don't ask Mr. Arnold for any money, but if you have not ten dollars to pay Jim Dix [?] for Brother Warren's, you may expect me to advance it when I return next fall.","Much love to all","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Ship Asia at Sea \nJuly 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou have doubtless been surprised at my sudden leaving for Europe instead of going West to purchase or locate land. You may remember that in 1851 I had a nine months leave of absence for the purpose of visiting Europe, but that Col. Smith induced me to relinquish the idea for the time, holding out to me an opportunity at some future time, and that I accordingly did postpone my comtemplate[d] trip.","This year as the time for going West drew near, I became more and more discouraged in regard to investing money in such distant lands, and a gentleman with whom I conversed and who has had much experience told me that he did not think it a safe and profitable investment. Another friend told me that he had come very near losing a part of his, in consequence of his being so far off as to interfere with his giving sufficient attention to it. And I have rather concluded to keep my money invested in stocks of different kinds and thus get my dividends regularly and trust to the blessing of Providence for gradually increasing my worldly goods.","Thus circumstanced I a few days before starting concluded that an opportunity was now offered of going to Europe which would probably never again be presented to me. What should I do with the two months this before me was a question which I did not know how to solve satisfactorily. You are a very kind and affectionate sister. Yet even with you I would be reminded of the loss of that happiness which I once enjoyed with Dear Ellie. So I have to some extent torn myself away from that state of mind which I feared should my summer have been passed at home or in the W. States.","I hope that you will be able to get up the tomb stones by the aid of thirty dollars from Dr. Bosworth. But don't ask anything of Mr. A and when I return I will let you have what ever may be wanting should you not be able to get along with what you have.","I expect to visit Liverpool, London, Paris, Genoa, Florence, Pisa, Rome, Naples, Brussels, Antwerp, Edinburgh, and some other points of interest. I wish you would write me a letter to N.Y. City during the first week of October. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family. Kindest regards to all inquiring relatives.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Naples \nSept 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou must excuse my long silence as I have been much pressed for time, and now barely hasten to drop you a line.","Since landing at Liverpool I have been at Glasgow, Sterling Castle \u0026 Edinburgh Scotland, York, London \u0026 other places in England; Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo \u0026 other places in Belgium. Since then I have passed through Aix La Chapellr, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main,[? going] ascended the Rhine.","From Frankfort I proceeded to Heidelberg and thence on to Baden Baden in Germany, Strasbourg in France, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Geneva \u0026 the city of Geneva in Switzerland, and so on to the great ice berg called Mer de Glas that is sea of ice. I continued in Switzerland for about a week and crossed the Alps by the Simplon Pass as it is called through which Napoleon entered Italy. The scenery of Switzerland is very grand.","Upon entering Italy I passed on through the cities of Milan, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn and finally to this place. With Venice, Florence and Naples I have been very much gratified. I was at the volcano of Vesuvius last Friday and went about half way down one of the active craters. The scene was truly grand this evening. I leave for Rome. Much love to all.","Your much attached brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 25th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI forwarded to you after returning home a few lines, and with pleasure now appropriate a few minutes to say where I have been during my absence. As to telling what I saw a volume of several hundred pages would be required, but should I ever be permitted to see you I trust that I will be able to pass several hours in narrating my travels.  I was unable to come through Beverly and see you. I was several days later returning home than I had designed.","After reaching Liverpool I passed town to the old town of Chester and then out to the Residence of the Marquis of Westminster. His house is called Eaton Hall. Afterwards I returned to Liverpool and preceded North into Scotland passing through Glasgow, Sterling and Edinburgh. After leaving Edinburgh I returned to England visiting York, the residence of Oliver Cromwell, the University of Cambridge \u0026 London city. I took a steamboat to the continent landing at Antwerp and passing on to Brussels, Waterloo, Aix la Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Coblentz, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Berne, Freiburg, [illegible], Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas (sea of ice) over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass. Milan, Verona, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Naples, Rome, Genoa, Marseilles, Lyons, Paris, Calais, London, Liverpool, N. York, home.","I could talk to you with much pleasure about the very many things of much interest. Tell Thomas that I intend answering his letter in a few days. I am much gratified that you are putting up the grave stones. Should you want any more funds let me know. I found two letters from Wirt waiting for me at home. I will send him a check for thirty dollars if I can get one on N. York for that amount.","[end of letter in bottom margin page 1]","Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington,Va. \nOct. 27th 1856","My very dear Aunt, \nIt is with pleasure that God again permits me to write to you from my adopted home. Your kindness and that of Uncle has not been forgotten but when you hear where I was during my short absence you will not be surprised at not hearing from me, as my time was even too short to see well what came within the range of my journey. After leaving Liverpool, I passed to Chester \u0026 Eaton Hall and from thence returning I visited Glasgow Lochs Lomond \u0026 [Katrine] Sterling Castle. Edinburgh, York, London, Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Aix La Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Freiberg, Geneva, Mer de Glas, over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass, Naples, Rome, Marseilles, Paris, London, Liverpool, home.","I would like to have a long talk with you all about the many interesting things which came under my observation, but must forgoe the pleasure for the present and to attempt to write about it would be unsatisfactory as a long letter would hardly touch upon the subject. You were doubtless surprised at my sudden determination not to go west but to go to the \"Old World.\" My friends discouraged me so much that about the time that I had contemplated starting as induced me not to go and as my summer was then left unappropriated it appeared as Providence had opened the way for my long contemplated visit and I am much gratified at having gone.","I have determined to send by the next mail a check to Wirt for thirty dollars and as I have not been able to get a check on N.Y. from any bank I have shall send one signed by myself on the person with whom my money is deposited. Should Wirt not be able to pass it, I have requested him to send it to Uncle Alfred hoping that Uncle will be able to get the Parkersburg bank to give a check in exchange. Should Uncle not be able to do so, please return it to me and I will write on to N. York and get a bill or check of deposit if necessary. I hope that their will be no occasion of forwarding it to Uncle. Give much love to uncle and to all the Family and remember that I am always glad to hear from you.","Your affectionate nephew, Thomas.","Lexington,Va. \nDec. 1st 1856","My dear Nephew, \nThanks for your letter. I am glad that your teacher has come on and that you are hard studying amo and that you came off so well at the exhibition and I trust that by the time I get to see you that you will know a great deal about Latin and those books which you have just purchased. Remember that this is the 1st day of Winter and that cold weather is the best time for study, and also the best time for taking much exercise and that the harder one studies, the more exercise he should take for it gives him a clear head and a healthy body.","I am much obliged to you all for sending those daguerreotypes \u0026 the sugar egg. I shall have much to talk about when we meet of the find paintings \u0026 sculpture, and beautiful countries through which I passed last summer. Tell Mr. Thomas when you have an opportunity that Mr. Lyle is much better and that he can walk about some in his room. And does your Pa like the new President Mr. Buch {Buchanan}.","While I was gone I saw some funny things too as well as pretty ones. I remember seeing in England in a town called Chester about 98 miles from Liverpool which I will mention presently as soon as I tell you that Chester is a town with a wall around it, and it and the city of York are about the only cities in England that are still walled and that the York walls are more recent than those of Chester and hence not so interesting as they don't tell us so much about the ancient Britons. It appears that the walls of Chester were built by the Britons in order to protect themselves from the Welsh who lived a little West of Chester. But now for that funny thing and what so you think it was. Well I went into their largest church (called a Cathedral) which once belonged to the Roman Catholics and there among many other things I saw a representation of the Devil in the shape of him swallowing a man feet foremost.","I never knew before that Old Nick lived on men and I saw some other things which I would like to talk to you about.","Write to me soon. Give much love to your Pa, Ma, to Grace \u0026 Stark and remember me to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 6, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI am glad to learn that you have secured a teacher \u0026 that she has been with you for some time, and I hope that she is such as you desire she should be. We have just been listening in our village to a series of lectures by Mr. O.P. Baldwin of Richmond. They were 4 in no., viz. \"Better time coming,\" \"Humbugs,\" \"Spirit Rappings,\" \u0026 \"Yankees \u0026 Southerners.\" As you may judge from their names they were more amusing than instructive. I heard the first three.","You would probably like to hear a little of my whereabouts during the past summer and I purpose on giving you a kind of journal should you so desire me. But should you get tired at any time just let me know. I believe that I said something to you in my last, but as I failed to take a note of my stopping points I shall again commence at Liverpool.","Leaving Liverpool the same day of my landing I proceeded to the city of Chester which is about 18 miles from Liverpool and on entering the Hotel was met by a lady instead of a landlord as I had been accustomed in at home, and she wished to know whether I would have a room \u0026 After having secured my quarters I proceeded to the Cathedral, which is a large edifice formerly occupied by the Roman Catholics. At the door I was met by a man who upon learning where I was from inquired after the Fairfax family stating that the representative of that house lived in America and that he was entitled to the succession. It was about the hour of evening service. They have 2 services there per day and this was about 4 o'clock P.M.","He turned me over to the sexton who showed me to a seat upon the condition that I should not leave it until after the service was over. After service he showed me through the building which was quite interesting. Among other things were the seats for the friars or monks which were so constructed that should they become drowsy \u0026 forgetful of their duty, their seats suddenly dropt them on the floor \u0026 recalled their wandering thoughts. I walked around the wall and saw the tower on which King Charles the 1st stood \u0026 saw the defeat of his army at Routen Moor.","Much love to all the family \u0026 kind regards to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 26, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 8th came safely. I regret that you should have been the loser of so many teeth. I don't like the idea of you being toothless, but as you say another set can be furnished by the dentist.","I received a letter from Aunt Clem requesting me to lend Uncle Alfred two or four hundred dollars for Wirt to buy stock to drive to California. I did not have the money and even if I had should not have lent it for one reason among others is that if Wirt goes to California, he will probably throw himself away or be ruined.","I have recently heard from him and he asks me to lend him thirty dollars but says nothing about going to C. I think that next month when our bank gets in operation that I will send him thirty dollars. I am unable to say whether I will first visit Beverly or North Carolina.","Our winter has been very severe, but for near a fortnight we have had beautiful weather. The aspen is in bloom the and weeping willow is beginning to look green. I am still at Dr. Junkin's.","Tell Miss Eliza that if I should bring her a beau that she must not tell on me lest the old bachelors about Beverly should mob me for trampling on their toes.","I infer from your letter that I was when I dropped my narrative at the Cathedral of Chester. After leaving Chester I passed to a beautiful estate of an English nobleman by the name of the Marquis of Westminster; he lives about three miles from the city, but after driving about half a mile I came to a beautiful gateway somewhat resembling the front of a fine building. Here the porter who had charge of it admitted me and I drove through a park containing about 1800 [or 1900] deer, the race course on which he tries his horses, etc. the fences being made of iron and the grounds containing a variety of luxuriant trees. After passing on thus for near 2 ½ miles, I came to a magnificent palace covered with pinnacles. Here after ringing the bell a servant of quite a gentlemanly appearance came to the door and admitted me by my giving him my ticket of admission which I had procured before leaving Chester. The interior of the building is magnificent. One of the rooms is copied from the celebrated Alhambra of Granada in Spain which was built by the Moors.","Do you wish me to send you the old clothes of which you spoke next summer. As they are not worth much the cost of transportation may cost more than they are worth. If you wish them sent let me know in your next. Much love to all.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI don't know whether you have yet returned from your visit to Aunt's but I will write to you now, as I have the time and might not have so much leisure in a few days hence and I will begin by stating that I have an invitation for you, and what do you think it is? \u0026 who from? For it is not often that I am authorized to send you invitations and especially pressing ones and I suppose you will begin to think or may think well what does he mean? Why doesn't he tell me at once \u0026 be done with it. ","Well you see I have finished \u0026 hope I am done with the first page of my letter \u0026 am running on at a tremendous rate, so that if I don't tell you soon, you will hardly get it all from this sheet. Well now having cultivated your patience a little as all women are said to have curiosity I will tell you that Miss Mary Anna Morrison, a friend of mine in the Western part of N. Carolina and in the Southern part of the State, is engaged to be married to an acquaintance of yours living in this village \u0026 she has requested me to urge you to attend her wedding in July next. To use her own words she says \"I hope your sister will come. You must urge her to do so. I should be very glad if she could come.\" The wedding is not to be large. I told her that I would give the invitation \u0026 having done so, feel that I am free from all further responsibility in the matter. I told her that I didn't think that you would be able to accept it, and if you can't just let me know in your next \u0026 transfer the invitation to your humble servant, and he will not decline, for he is very anxious to go as he is much interested in the ceremony \u0026 the occasion \u0026 the young lady is a very special friend of mine.","I hope that you have had a very pleasant trip to the River. I deposited in our bank a few days since twenty dollars \u0026 transferred the evidence of deposit to Wirt \u0026 forwarded it to him stating that he might expect more next July.","The present which you made Ellie was never made up, \u0026 if you can dispose of it in any way I think that I will send it to you when John Bosworth goes home for I suppose that Anna would feel some delicacy in having it made up. Our weather is beautiful at present \u0026 I suppose that spring will rapidly advance now.","Give much love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAug 11/ 57","My Dear Sister, \nSince my last we have visited Niagara, Saratoga \u0026 immediate places. As stated in my Richmond letter, I had expected to proceed from that point to your house, but an enlargement of one of the glands of Anna's neck induced me to consult a physician, \u0026 my concern was so great as to induce me to take her to Philadelphia where she consulted a Doctor Jackson of the University, \u0026 he was unable to decide as to the true character of the case. But whilst there, I met with Dr. Graham of Lexington in whom I have great confidence, \u0026 he advised me to bring her here after making a short tour.","We reached here last Wednesday evening and the enlargement has apparently diminished considerably since that time. We expect to remain here till near the close of my vacation \u0026 then return to Lexington. I regret that we have been unable to visit you this summer but I felt that under the circumstances it was my duty to make Anna's health the first object of concern. In coming from Staunton here I fell in with Cousin [Flo?] \u0026 her little boy on their way to the Healing Springs. Let me hear from you soon \u0026 if you can write before the 25th of this month, direct to this place, otherwise direct to Lexington. Give love to all. Anna joins me in love to you.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 1, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nAgain I am blessed with the privilege of communing with you. My duties are ended for the week, I may say, as in my department there will be no more recitations this week. But at 4 o'clock the Faculty have a weekly meeting at the Superintendent's.","Through the continued blessings of Providence, my health continues to improve. At present, I suffer more with cold feet than anything else. I have been accustomed to bathing them in cold water; but they have cracked open so much as to render the discontinuance of it necessary. I have an invitation to a party this evening, but must decline going. The citizens of this place are such as I admire.","I have tried on my shirts and they fit very well with the exception of the collars which are not long enough in the band. Accept of my thanks for the present. How are Thos. and the family.","I hope to see you next summer. I had a pleasant time at the Springs, but only visited the Rockbridge Alum, the Bath Alum and the Warm Springs. I saw the blowing cave: it is a remarkable curiosity. There is at one time a strong current of air rushing out and at another time, a strong current rushing in. There has never been but one mouth found to the cave. It is in Bath county and about eight miles from the Bath Alum Springs. My love to all.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 19/57","My Dear Sister, \nYou have probably been expecting a letter from me for some days. Owing to an inflammation of the tube leading to the ear and also inflammation of the throat (chronic) and very painful neuralgia, I have been constrained to give up my correspondence for a while. I never remember having suffered so much as within the last three weeks, and now I am compelled to use a vial of chloroform liniment per day externally and am also using a preparation of ammonia. The hearing of my right ear is impaired, but I trust not permanently. I have continued to attend to my recitations, notwithstanding my suffering. In a few days I hope to be free from pain.","The eye medicine helped me for a while I think but I can't say that I have been permanently benefited, and I would advise you not to try the medicine.","Anna is quite robust again. She joins me in love to you all. I wrote to Wirt, advising him to go to some active occupation and to read standard books and thus endeavor to apply his knowledge of grammar and become thus acquainted acquainted with the construction of the language- use is of great importance. His knowledge of the grammar considering the time he has given to it is discouraging. To keep him at school with such little progress is pretty much throwing away the money and time.","Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 8th, 1858","My Dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter of last week reached me this morning and I am rejoiced to learn that you are so much concerned about \"the one thing needful.\" I have never believed that you would be lost. I have borne in mind that our sainted mother's prayers would not be forgotten by our Heavenly Father. Though dead, her prayers, I trusted would be precious in the sight of the Lord.","You wish to know how to come to God; so as to have your sins forgiven, and to receive \"the inheritance which is incorruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away.\" Now my dear sister the way is plain: the savior says in Mark XVI chapter, 16th verse \"He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved.\" But you may ask what is it to believe. To explain this I will quote from an able theologian, and devoted servant of God. To believe in the sense in which the word is used here, \"is feeling and acting as if there were a God, a Heaven, a Hell; as if we were sinners and must die; as if we deserve eternal death, and were in danger of it. And in view of all, casting our eternal interests on the mercy of God in Christ Jesus. To do this is to be a Christian.\"","You speak of having done all that you know in order to be accepted: this is too apt to be our error. We must not depend on making ourselves holy: but just come to the Father, and ask him to forgive our sins for the sake of Jesus, and rely entirely on the merits of Christ for our prayer being answered. The Father loves the Son and for his sake pardons those who plead the Son's merits. We should never think of presenting any merits of our own for we are all sinners.","Do not trouble yourself too much about not having repented enough for your sins, for your letter shows that you have much concern about the subject. But let me advise you simply to do as God enabled me to do, that is, resolve to spend the remaining part of life in His service, to obey the teachings of the Bible until death, and to rely entirely on the mercy of God for being saved, and though the future looked dark, yet it has become very bright. Never despair, even old Christians have dark moments.","Never omit of pray at regular times. For years your salvation has been my daily prayer and shall continue so. Write to me often and tell me all your trials, that I may","Do not trouble yourself too much about Were it not for my throat, Anna \u0026 myself would like very much to pay you a visit this winter. My throat \u0026 the sale of a neighbors property next week are the two obstacles. Anna is anxious to go next [week?]. She joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA. \nMay 1st/58","My Dear Brother \nWe have a little prodigy one day old this afternoon. She calls herself Mary Graham Jackson. Anna is doing very well, \u0026 joins me in love to yourself and sister Eugenia.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nMay 1st 1858","My dear sister, \nI am very much pressed with business, but I must drop you a line to say that yesterday God blessed us with a charming little daughter, and we have named her after Mrs. Morrison, Mary Graham.","My eyes have been troubling me much lately. I regret that you have had so much suffering, it appears to have resembled my attack. I am now using glycerine which is the essence of oil. I take it through the nostrils for the purpose of curing the inflammation at the entrance of the nasal tubes into the mouth and I find it of great service. God had blest its use to me very much. I tried caustic or nitrate of silver, but with much less effect. I hope that you will soon be well. I ascertained to day that I can get a copy of \"Silver Wood\" in town so you may expect one when Mr. Chenoweth goes home if not before.","Anna \u0026 the little one are both doing very well for which we are thankful to our Heavenly Father. I received a letter from Wirt a few days since. His health I think is just tolerable from what he says. I have been wanting to write to Thomas for some time \u0026 and hope to do so before long.","May the blessings of our Heavenly Father rest upon you richly is the prayer of your affectionate brother. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nMay 22/58","My dear sister, \nYour welcome letter came safely, but finds our little daughter very ill of jaundice, and she may at any hour take her place among the redeemed in Paradise. Anna is doing well. My intention has \u0026 still is to visit you this summer, but I learned a lesson from last summer, not to make a promise for no one can tell what a day will bring forth, but I trust that if our little daughter lives that God will bless us all in a visit to see you \u0026 all the family. It seems like a long time since I was at your house. The children I suppose have grown much. Give my thanks to my darling little niece for her letter \u0026 tell her I expect to answer it in a few days. Give much love to all the children from myself \u0026 Anna. She joins me in love to you.","I received a letter from Wirt this morning stating that he is well but that he has lost his horse by his straying off, and that he wants me to forward him one hundred \u0026 five dollars N.Y. funds, which I want to try \u0026 do; though it will cost a premium here.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","My dear little Niece, \nYour very interesting letter reached me a short time before your sweet little cousin \u0026 my little daughter was called from this world of sin, to enjoy the Heavenly happiness of Paradise. She died of Jaundice on the 25th of April.  [Jackson's error-- the baby died on May 25] Whilst your Aunt Anna and myself feel our loss, yet we know that God has taken her away in love. Jesus says \"suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of Heaven.\" Did you ever think my dear Grace that the most persons who have died and gone to Heaven are little children. Your aunt is doing very well, she is out visiting.","We hope to go \u0026 see you all this summer, but my health is so delicate, that I am disposed to go North first. I think this will give us more time to stay with you. Should we go to see you first I may have to hasten on North without staying more than two or three days.","I wish your would write to me at once and let me know which you would rather I should do. I hope that you have enjoyed your school and your vacation both very much. Remember your aunt \u0026 uncle to your Father, Mother, Thomas \u0026 Stark, and accept much love for yourself.","Your affectionate uncle, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","Dear Sir, \nIn compliance with your request I proceed to give you a statement respecting the condition of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School. But in doing so, I feel it unnecessary to say more than a few words, as you are already acquainted with its leading features. The school is usually opened by singing part of a hymn, which should be announced the previous Sabbath. This is followed by reading one or more verses from the Bible, with explanations \u0026 applications; this is succeeded by prayer. After this each class is instructed by its teacher from the Bible, catechism and hymn book. At the close  of the school which is near forty five minutes from the opening, there is a public examination on two verses of the child catechism, published by our Board. These verses should be announced the previous Sabbath. After the close of the examination, the school is dismissed, the remaining part of the opening hymn having been sung immediately after the examination.","The system of reward you are acquainted with, and the premiums so far have been near a dozen Testaments and one Bible. The day of their presentation is the first Sabbath of each month. Several scholars are studying the shorter catechism at the present time. Each teacher keeps a class book in which is noted each scholar's department in school. The lesson should be taught one Sabbath, with a view to examination \u0026 mark on the next. Each teacher at the close of the month give me a circular (blanks having been furnished) exhibiting for each scholar the manner in which the lesson has been prepared, the conduct in school, no. of lates, absences. From these circulars, I make a monthly entry in the record book, which contains not only the no. of lates \u0026 absences, but also the names of the teachers, scholars, owners, persons with whom the scholars are living, the lates \u0026 absences of teachers, and a weekly record of the proceedings of the school. By reference to the record book, I find 91 to be the no. of scholars there reported.","Praying that the S. school convention may be a great blessing to the cause \u0026 to yourself I remain your attached friend.","T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 19th 1858","My dear Sister, \nYour letter \u0026 that of Grace reached me this morning and for a while I thought that I might be able to visit you previous to going North, but after more maturely considering my case, \u0026 all the circumstances, I am disposed to think that I had better go North first. My disease is not understood by my physicians here and I have nearly if not entirely lost my hearing in the right ear \u0026 my left ear is diseased, and my nose is internally affected. The first thing it appears to me should be to seek relief if it is to be had.","Write to me to N.Y. City, and tell Tom and Grace that they must write to me this summer also, as soon as I let you all know where my letters will reach me after leaving N.Y. City. Tell Grace that I am much obliged to her for her letter, and that she may expect me to answer  it before a great while. As to Thomas' examination, I think Mr. Thomas can judge better of his qualifications than myself, though I wish that I could be with you all before his teacher leaves. I hope to be with you in the latter part of August.","I forwarded a check to Wirt for one hundred \u0026 five dollars on N.J. I had to pay a premium of one per cent for it and urged him to refund the money on the first of Sept. according to promise. If I had known that he had found his horse, I don't know that I should have sent him so much. I have need of all the money that I can command. When you write to him, tell him that he had better sell me one of his horses.","Anna joins me in much love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me to Mr. Thomas \u0026 his lady \u0026 to all enquiring friends.","Your affec. brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 21st, 1858","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but have been prevented. I am now under the care of a physician by the name of Carnochan who is one of the professors in a medical college here. I hope that I am improving, but do not know how long I will remain here. Probably ten days longer, afterwards I expect to start on my visit  to you but will delay sometime on the way I expect in Philadelphia, Baltimore, the Glades.","Your Aunt Anna is quite well and we are seeing many pretty things here. Give my love and your Aunt's to all the family, and write to me as soon as you receive this. Direct your letter to New York City.","Your affectionate Uncle, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nOct. 23d, 1858","My dear sister, \nYour letter of the 19th inst. reached me this morning. Thomas reached here as you expected on last Saturday and has been a very good boy and we are all much pleased with him. He commenced going to school on Tuesday last to Mr. McFarland \u0026 is studying the English \u0026 Latin languages. His teacher wishes him to study arithmetic also, but I am unwilling for him to undertake any more at present, until I see what success will attend his present studies \u0026 also what kind of health he will have. I don't wish him to go over any thing without his understanding it thoroughly \u0026 hence he must not have too much to study. I regard it as a great error to require a child to study what his mind is not capable of appreciating. The tendency is to diminish his fondness for study, to give him a vague way of thinking (since he is not accustomed to see the precise points) \u0026 by overtasking the mind his health both of body \u0026 mind are endangered. I have been much gratified as seeing Thomas' mind so good; it has improved very much since I last saw him \u0026 I think it is partly due to the light course of studies which he has been pursuing.","I will attend to the directions of your letter \u0026 I am glad to see that your views with regard to Thomas' education \u0026 my views on the same subject are so much alike. I don't think that Thomas will get much home sick. I regret that I have not got some occupation for him \u0026 also regret not having some good companion for him to always associate with. I wrote to you about pocket money for him, but as I stated that probably he had reserved enough for that purpose, so I find such to be the case, as he since gave me three dollars to keep for him. Should you send him any clothes at any time, I would not send them of the same style as those he wears, as they are not worn here by boys as large as himself. I find that his dress makes him too marked, I will get him a suit, better adapted to his age.","My greatest concern about him is his eating. When he first came, he would use neither milk nor coffee, since then he drinks a little coffee; but I am a little afraid of his doing so, as he has not been accustomed he says to its use. I don't wish him to change his home habits in any respect unless there is necessity for so doing. I wish you would let me know how he lived at home. He gets his lessons well. Anna joins me in love to yourself \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nApril 11, 1859","Sir, \nFrom your letter of the 31 ult. I am gratified to learn that you contemplate making a European tour. You request me to send you a copy of my notes of travel. Should I do so, I fear that they would be of but little service to you as they are not sufficiently full to give you much information. Even with my recollection of places, etc. to aid me, I am not always able to make out the sense. And instead of giving you incoherent suggestions, I have thought best to glance over my notes, and send you such information as I think will be valuable. And in doing so, I would recommend you to purchase a note book before sailing, and if time will permit to keep a satisfactory journal beginning with the first day and closing with the returning one of your tour.","As soon as you reach Liverpool purchase guide books of such countries as you design visiting. If you have time to see things leisurely, don't employ guides. Leaving L. visit Chester and drive out to Eaton Hall, which is a fine specimen of an English nobleman's estate; it belongs to the Marquis of Westminster, said by some to be the wealthiest man in England. If you have time after returning to C. take the cars and visit the great Tubular bridge, and pass over to Ireland for a few days. Should you go to I. be sure if you should pass near Parsonstown, to see the great Ross telescope, and whilst there, ask for its magnifying power, and please inform me of it. Returning to Liverpool visit the following places Glasgow, Dunbarton Castle, Loch Loman, Loch Catrine, Sterling Castle, Edinborough, York, Cambridge, London, Antwerp, Waterloo. Pass through Brussells on your way to and also on your return from Waterloo. Leaving B. visit Aix La Chappel, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidleburg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Baste, Lakes Lucern, Brienz \u0026 Thun. Stop for at least one day at Interlaken which is between lakes B. \u0026 T. Visit Berne, Freiberg, Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas. From Martigny, cross the Alps by the Simplon Pass into Italy. Visit Lakes Como \u0026 Majora. Visit Milan, Verona, Venice, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Rome, Naples, Genoa, Turin, Paris.","I have given you the tour I should take above all others, if I did not have time for a more extensive one. It differs a little from the one taken by me. I did not see the Tubular Bridge nor visit Ireland. And instead of visiting Turin I hastened to Paris by the steamer from Genoa. Knowing the stopping points you can post yourself up on your guide book in advance.","In York observe the organ especially. In Antwerp note Reubens' paintings. In Heid. observe the castle. In Strasburg is the wonderful clock. In Feiberg is one of the best organs in the world. At Verona is the most perfect amphitheater in the world. You may find it more pleasant to visit Naples before Rome. You will fine Genoa probably the most beautiful of all the cities in consequence of its elevation being such as to present its different parts distinctly to the eye when viewed from the harbor. I omitted calling your attention to the Museum in Antwerp.","In Venice, nearly every thing of interest except its canals are on St. Mark's square. In Florence give yourself plenty of time to visit frequently the statuary in the room called the Tribuna. Study the original works of art with which you may meet in Antwerp, Florence, Rome, etc. and when you reach Paris you will see a miniature of all, serving to refresh your memory but not calling for examinations, as you have already seen the originals. In P. you should give attention to the externals, visit the neighboring Royal residences, etc.","Of course you will pass some time in London and visit the Parks, Westminster Abbey a number of times. I hope that you may be able to make the tour and that you may realize more than you even anticipate","I would be glad to hear from you during your absence \u0026 after your return. Things are here in much the same routine as when you left.","Yours truly, T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 9th, 1859","My dear sister \nI omitted in my last to answer your question as to when I design visiting Beverly. I hope to do so in July; but you must not give yourself any trouble about the vegetables you spoke of; as I am through the blessing of our Heavenly Father enabled now to live on most any thing. Don't get brown bread for me as I have ceased to use it. But when I drop in, I will just eat such things as are convenient.","I heard from Anna on Saturday, she says that she is learning to take things more philosophically. She says that the Dr. Sill finds some inflammation, she is to remain there until the inflammation entirely subsides. She sends love to you. Thomas was very anxious to go with his teacher \u0026 a number of the scholars to the Peaks of Otter; but I felt it was too much responsibility for me to take to let him go. Some of the boys might have guns with them \u0026 some accident might occur to him \u0026 furthermore I didn't know how much it might cost him; as they would be gone several days. Accordingly he remains at home \u0026 I hope that he will make considerable progress in Spanish. In consequence of the irritation of my throat, I have not been hearing him much in the last few days. But he is far enough advanced not to study considerably by himself. I hope to have a fine supply of vegetables for you when you come. You must try \u0026 bring some other members of the family with you.","Give much love to the children. Thomas is well.","Your affec. brother, Thomas.","White Sulphur Springs \nAugust 13, 1859","My dear Sister \nThe inflammation or irritation of my throat passed down so low as to make me afraid to let Dr. Green treat me \u0026 consequently I gave up the idea of going to him so long as it remains so low; it appears to be about the collar bone. But whilst I was unwilling to let the Dr. treat me I concluded that I would visit this place \u0026 try to get my liver right; as I was disposed to think that the state of the throat depended on that of the liver. After you left, my liver apparently became much deranged. I reached this place on Thursday last \u0026 I feel improved. It appears to me that smoking mullein has been of great benefit to me. I am fearful that I will not be an herbal remedy used for respiratory ailments able to visit you this summer \u0026 I feel it greatly.","I left Anna at the Rockbridge Baths, her health has not been so good since you left and as the Baths are celebrated for such afflictions as hers I trust that she will be improved by their use. This evening I received a letter from her stating that after bathing she had internal heat \u0026 that she was fearful that the bathing was not good for her \u0026 that if she found it not to be so that she would return home in a few days. There are about 1000 persons here at present.","I hope that I may be able to visit you, notwithstanding the present aspect of things, but don't expect me unless you hear of my coming by another letter.","I hope that your health has improved. Give my love to all. Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nAug 27th, 1859","My dear Sister \nI returned last Tuesday evening from the White Sulphur Springs, and under the blessing of Providence my health had much improved, and if I only had a week more before the commencing of the session I would visit you but I would barely have had time to ride to your house and back, which would not have answered our purpose as my desire is to make a visit. But I hope that in November I will be with you. The first visit that I pay is to be with you. I feel that a disordered liver had probably much to do with my affected throat and if I can only keep the secretions right, I hope that my throat will soon be well.","Anna's health I fear has not improved much locally, though she gained some flesh during her stay at the Baths. Maj. Preston has just returned, and given me an account of you all. I am much gratified that Mr. Arnold invited him to stay with you. I regret that Mr. Arnold's arm continues to trouble him. I trust that you will succeed in securing a competent teacher for the children. Tell them that their aunt \u0026 I were wishing this week that we could see them.","Sulphur water appears to suit my disease better than any other remedy which I have met with, and yesterday evening Anna \u0026 myself took a ride to one of these springs about 8 miles from town. I never knew of its existence until within a few weeks. The water is very pleasant yet very weak and I fear not of much benefit.","I send you by the same mail with this letter one of our catalogues. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Home \nSept. 13th, 1859","My dear Sister \nYour last reached me safely and Anna delivered the articles to the servant according to your request. I regret to learn that your health continues so infirm. I am with yourself glad that you visited us last summer with the children, and hope that you may be spared to visit us again, and I hope that at your next visit we may be able to make you more comfortable than you were at your last.","Anna's health has become such as to render it necessary to send her to a physician \u0026 she left last Friday for Hampden Sidney to be under the care of Dr. Watkins.","According to your request I send Thomas' account. Look at his book and see if he got anything after the last of June. The account only extends to the end of June and he may have procured things from the store after that time. I had occasion to see Lyell Wilson's account since then \u0026 he had me charged with a pass book got by Thomas in the 1st of July. This made me think that he might have got other things elsewhere. But if he didn't get anything else, don't take notice of the book, as it was only a trifle.","Give my love to Mr. A \u0026 to all the children.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","I fear that I will not get to see you in Nov. But my first visit as I said before is to you. May our kind Heavenly Father bless you richly is my constantly repeated prayer.","1858 \nEnglish Grammar.50 \nCopy Books .25 \nBlank book \u0026 sponge .18 3/4 \nPaper \u0026 envelopes .25 \nBox pencil lead, paper \u0026 envels. .50 \nFor Fair \u0026 Christmas 1.00 \nMiss Howard for two months \u0026 1 week washing 1.68 \nMr. McFarland 17.00 \nMiss L. S. Graham 37.50","1859 \nOdd Fellows supper .25 Lecture at Chapel .25 57.43 \n[illegible] .25 \nNegro for mending shoe .25 \nVisit Nat. Bridge .50 \nMcFarland 17.00 \nNot included in store accounts 77.36 3/4 \n6 months Board \u0026 washing 72.00 \n149.36 3/4","Store account \n40.46 3/4 \n189.83 1/2 \nCredits 113.00 \nBalance due 76.83","Home \nOctober 31, 1859","My dear Sister \nLast week I mailed a letter to Mr. Arnold requesting him to visit me and [illegible] other inducements told him that we were to have a county agricultural Fair, but didn't mention the day, as I had not yet ascertained it; but it is to be on the 23 of this month. Urge Mr. Arnold to come if you think that he can do so safely; and during his stay, I will try \u0026 interest him in our schools \u0026 county, and see if he can be induced to locate here.","I found that the cadets designed being absent so short a time, that I concluded that I had better postpone my visit to you until next summer.","I feel that we are now greatly blessed with a good teacher for boys, he is the very man I think whom Thomas would do well under. We have a number of good schools for Grace \u0026 Stark. There is a gentleman in town who has a boy who has given him \u0026 his teacher much trouble \u0026 on Saturday he was speaking of Mr. Morgan (who is the teacher to whom I referred for Thomas) \u0026 he spoke of him in very high terms for the successful management of his boy \u0026 for the progress that his boy is making under his new teacher.","I heard from Anna on Saturday. She hoped to be at Hampden Sidney today. She feels much improved \u0026 is bringing Laura her youngest sister home with her. I hope that they will soon be here.","Let me hear from you soon \u0026 tell me  what Mr. A says. I felt it would be more prudent in me not to say anything in my letter about his moving here. I would like to see him first \u0026 thus have a better opportunity of judging how he could best be approached successfully on the subject. I desired to write to you two weeks ago but I thought that Mr. A. might suspect something from the frequency of our letters.","Love to all, and trust God unreservedly in all things is my sincere prayer.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nDec.12th/59","My dear Sister \nYour letter stating that you are teaching the children yourself has given me concern and I write this letter for the purpose of saying that you must never hesitate for a single moment about sending the children to me. I stated in my letter to you the conditions upon which I was ready to do for them what I could, because I felt it would prevent any disappointment to you \u0026 Mr. Arnold in the event of their coming, and I feel that I can make them comfortable \u0026 enable them to acquire a good education \u0026 to move in that sphere of life where I desire to see them move. Without a good education they must ever fall short of that position in life which they ought to occupy, and their early education consisting of spelling \u0026 reading is of great importance; if either is defective the education must necessarily be defective. But if insuperable objections lie in the way of getting a good teacher or of sending them abroad, don't give yourself anxiety but trust in our most kind \u0026 merciful Father who withholds no good thing from his children. I am very thankful to see you bear up under your trials with such Christian fortitude \u0026 as long as we lean on His almighty arm all shall be well.","I reached home on last Friday night about 3 o'clock in the morning. Anna is an invalid still, but I trust that better health is in store for her. My throat has been troubling me again in consequence of a cold contracted during my military excursion.","I am thankful to you for engaging the [illegible] but I don't know when I will be able to bring them home. You must give my love to Aunt \u0026 Uncle White. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold. Anna joins me in love to the children. Should you see any of Mr. Chenoweth's friends say to them that I saw him today, \u0026 that he is well.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","...that carpeting is used for stairs instead of oil cloth. In regard to furniture I thought it best to consult you before making the purchases. As the furniture will last a life time it is best to be careful in pleasing ourselves although it may occasion delay. I purchased the oil cloth at once lest it might be sold, it is to be forwarded to Balt. directed to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Va. care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart, Jr. 320 Balt. St. Balt., M.D. I send the oil cloth as a present. As to the other articles, Rods etc. I can get the rods with concealed fastenings for $2.85 per dozen or I can get common rods with visible band fastenings for $2.20 per doz. The length of the rods is 30 inches but as you haven't the oil cloth you may not want the rods. Let me know \u0026 if the length is not right, tell me what length you desire.","If you can't get all the articles now, you can get the others if you desire at some other time as I can order them at any time by calling Madden's attention to them now. Let me hear from you soon and","[in pencil at top]\nIf you still wish the parlor lamp let me know what kind \u0026 what is to be burnt in it.","I will order the amount of your funds and I may be able to add some but my money matters are behind hand. I have been in debt ever since I purchased my house and have to constantly borrow from the bank in order to get along. Send your money as far as practicable in drafts on N. York for they charge a premium here for drafts \u0026 it is not safe to send bills by mail. I prefer paying the premium to running the risk. I also wish that you would write to the person from whom you purchased the draft which you sent me, \u0026 get him to procure you another as I have lost that one \u0026 when you get the draft send it to me. If I were you I would try to get along without the mattresses if possible and I would then get:","Bureau $25, wash stand $10, Tete a Tete1 $18, 4 quartets2 $5, Sofa $5, centre table $9, French bedstead $15. Total exclusive of boxing $87. Should you prefer the sofa instead of [lounge] \u0026 Tete a Tete the amount will be $3 less, \u0026 if you prefer the wash stand to match the Bureau \u0026 I would get it if my means justified, the amount will be $5 more.","[in another hand the words \"29 feet eight inches.\"]","Give my love to all. Your affec. brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nJany 28th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour last very welcome letter came safe to hand and I am glad that you have succeeded in procuring a teacher and I hope that the children will learn well under his instruction. I am glad to hear of Mr. Arnold's improved health \u0026 trust that it may continue to improve. Through the blessing of out Heavenly Father we have been spared from the small pox thus far; \u0026 I hope that we may entirely escape it. There are but few cases now amongst the whites; the servants have taken it; though it has not spread much.As soon as a servant takes the disease he is carried to the hospital and they appear to be greatly afraid of the disease in consequence of their being sent to the hospital in case of taking it.","I hope that Anna's health is improving, but very little throws her back again. I wrote to Aunt Clem a few days since. On my return from Harper's Ferry, I came through Richmond \u0026 saw Wm. L. Jackson \u0026 his wife, Jonathan [Bennet, Burnet] \u0026 his wife and Wm. E. Arnold, Ben Bassett, John Hoffman \u0026 other friends. I wish you would write to me when are the given names of Wm. L. Jackson's wife \u0026 Bennett's wife \u0026 what relation there is between them \u0026 us, and give me a letter full of such things; as I am asked from time to time what is the Relationship me \u0026 such persons. I think Mr. Arnold knows a good deal about the subject. For example I think he knows what were grandfather's brothers. I remember having a talk with him once on the subject \u0026 I found that he appeared better acquainted with such things than myself. Who was Dr. Edward Jackson?","Anna joins me in love to you all. I hope that your health is better than when you last wrote.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Home \nFebruary 25, 1860","My dear Niece \nI was much pleased to hear from your Mother's letter that her health and your Father's have been so good and to hear that you have so faithful a teacher; and as you can not always have him, I hope that you will do all you can in order to learn as much as possible whilst he is with you. And first of all I want you to learn to spell well; give particular attention to spelling; for I don't care how much you know about other things, if you don't spell well, you will be laughed at by educated people. I desire to see you have a good education, and the first step towards a good education, after learning the alphabet, is to learn to spell well. If a person commences reading before learning to spell well, he will not be apt to ever learn much more about spelling, because reading is more pleasant than spelling.","When I was young I committed the blunder of learning to read before I had learnt to spell well, and though I am now 36 years old, yet still I am mortified by my spelling words wrong; in writing this letter I have had to look in the Dictionary to see how a word was spelt and so I expect it will be all my life because I didn't give enough attention to my spelling when I was young. As your memory is better now than it may ever be, you can learn to spell more easily than when you become larger. When we are young we can recollect much better than when we are grown up.","I desire to see you an educated and accomplished lady, one that your Father and Mother will be justly proud of. After learning to spell very well then I want you to read histories, and travels and biographies, and such other books as will give you valuable information. I also hope that you will learn your Geography very well.","My Father and Mother died when I was very young, and I had to work for my living and education both; but your parents are both living and have given you a kind teacher and I trust that you will show them how thankful you are to them by studying hard. If you ever wish any information which I can give, you must ask me. I haven't written to your Mother for some time as I was afraid that I might send you the small pox, but I don't think that there is any danger now, as all are well here or about so.","I heard a student of Washington College make a beautiful speech on last Wednesday and as he is of the same name and county as your teacher, I expect that they are Relatives.","Give my love to all of the family \u0026 write to me soon. Your affectionate Uncle Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 16, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time, but have been prevented from doing so. I am sorry to learn that your eyes trouble you so much. I wish you would try the simple remedy of washing them with cold water, lifting the water to the face in both hands and washing the face until a little water gets into the eyes and they commence smarting. Do this at night just before going to bed, and again immediately after getting up. I hope that you are improving, and that Mr. Arnold is likewise. Anna is suffering from a very bad cold. She has been confined to her bed for nearly a week, but is up this afternoon.","I don't know how Mr. Arnold thinks Wm. L. Jackson would do for a judge, but if he would like to see him elected over Edmondson and can do anything for him I hope that he will do so. I thought that probably there might be some person or persons living near his Father's old place beyond Weston with whom he might have influence; if such is not the case, do not say anything about the subject to him and probably you had better say nothing anyway to him upon the subject. From what I have heard, Wm. will very probably be elected.","I hope that the children are all doing well. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affec. brother Thomas.","April 21/60","My Dear Sister \nI intended writing to you today but as Anna has done so, I will only say a few words \u0026 those with respect to Grace.  I have not mentioned the subject of Maj. Preston and I don't think it necessary to consult you upon the subject but if you still desire me to do so, let me know in your next letter and I will give you his opinion.","My mind is clear in making Grace familiar with the English grammar as soon as practicable; let her commence it at once.  Let her not only study the principles of the language, but require her to parse a great deal, so as to make her familiar with the application of the principles of the language.  Let all her studies be English until she should become a finished English scholar.  I don't attach much importance to Latin for females, it is of value to every educated person but mostly to professional men.  I am glad that Mr. A. is obtaining Mr. McCuchin.  You may expect another letter from me in a week or so.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","[postscript in hand of Mary Anna Jackson] \nP. S. Maj. J. requests me to say to you that he will attend to any commissions for furniture in the North that you may wish - as ever your Anna","Home \nMay 1st/60","My dear Sister, \nTell Grace that I have received her letter \u0026 that I am glad to see her spelling so good. I will write to her in a few days \u0026 will send her the pattern desired. When ever you desire furniture from N.Y. let me know \u0026 I can order it from either of two establishments. One of them makes first class furniture, but I think that his prices are too high for you. I purchased nothing of him but ½ dozen parlor chairs. The rest of my furniture omitting piano \u0026 a few other articles were furnished by another house \u0026 I was very well pleased with the articles; but when I was last in N.Y. I purchased a few more articles of the same house but am not pleased with them so well so I would advise you to order but a few articles at first in the event of your intending to purchase much.\nI am writing in great haste holding the paper in one hand and writing with the other. \nAnna joins me in love to you all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas.","[from Mary Anna Jackson]","My dear Sister, \nI would gladly send the pattern to Grace, but I think it unnecessary, as I can give you directions without it. The girls of Grace's size here wear black silk tunics made exactly like those Grace wore last summer, except they fasten in front, \u0026 the skirt reaches nearly to the knees. They are very pretty, \u0026 black silk is all the style now. All the ladies mantles this summer are made of black silk. Some of the girls here wear circular capes or talmas, that reach a little below the waist, they would be pretty for Grace, but it think the black silk tunics are the most fashionable.","Write soon. Much love to all. \nYour affectionate sister, \nAnna Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 7, 1860","My dear Niece \nYour letter came safely and gives me much pleasure to see how rapidly you progress in spelling. Every word of your letter was spelt correctly and I hope that all your words may always be treated as well those contained in your letter; for it is treating words badly to steal a letter from them, or to impose on them a letter which they don't want. You must look at Stark's letters when he writes them to his sweetheart especially. And to be more serious it would be a good plan for my sweet niece and nephews to examine each others letters when they contain no secrets, and in that way you will be very apt to find out all the counterfeit words which may be passing themselves off on any of you. Remember that there are a great many ways of spelling a word wrong, but there is only one way of spelling it right.","I intended to send you with this letter the pattern which you requested, but your aunt wrote in my last that you have the requested pattern at home. The weather is quite warm today. My peas are in bloom, they commenced blooming before the end of April. I hope that you have a fine garden. Write to me when ever you have leisure time. I am glad to see your teacher remaining with you. Your aunt joins me in love to you all. Your aunt's health is much improved.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas.","Home \nJune 4th, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have not heard from you for so long a time that I am fearful you are sick, and if so you must make the children write to me. I hope though that your health is unusually good.","Anna is unusually unwell but I trust that she will soon commence improving again. My eyes have improved greatly, through the blessing of Him who withholds no good thing from me, but in some respects my health is more impaired than it has been for some years. If I don't improve, I hope to leave for a Hydropathic establishment soon after our Commencement in July. And my plan is to send a servant with the carriage to meet me at the Depot nearest Beverly. What is the name of the Depot. I want the servant to get to your house a day or two in advance of the time, so that he will be certain to meet me. Anna and I will then return by Beverly  in the carriage \u0026 send the servant home by the Rail Road. All this plan may be frustrated, but I am resolved to pay you the first visit which I make, so you may be satisfied that if I don't visit you that my health is such as to render medical treatment necessary.","I send some early Silesia Lettuce seed which I hope you will sow at once, and after it gets a few leaves on each plant, set the plants in rows so that the plants shall be 8 inches apart, and water them occasionally so as to keep the ground damp. I never was fond of lettuce until I tried this. I regard it as the largest, tenderest and finest flavored that I have ever tasted. If you wish any more seed let me know \u0026 I will send it. I am greatly gratified at the election of Wm. L. Jackson. I fear that I have a disease of the kidneys, the disease gives me pain every day. I experience unusual pain whilst riding in a carriage. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 30th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour letter enclosing the check came safely \u0026 relieved my mind from apprehensions of your health being seriously ill. We have closed our examinations and I hope that on Thursday next I will be able to leave. I have some concern about getting from home to Goshen, but I trust that I will not experience much pain as I design going in my carriage.","I don't feel so well today as usual, but I have been exercising probably too much as I am at the Institute for the 3rd time. I think that my general health is better than it has been for a year or two at this season of the year, but much exercise appears to bring on increased trouble and pain. If I do not improve greatly between this time \u0026 the time that I reach N.Y. I will pass directly through and leave your purchases til my return.","Write to me at Brattleboro Vermont as I design going to a Hydropathic establishment there. If I should not stop as I go through N.Y., I will write to two different establishments there and find out on what terms they will furnish the furniture, so that on my return it will only be necessary to examine the furniture \u0026 make the purchases. In your next letter, tell me to whom I must direct your purchases. I expect that it will be cheaper to send them by water to Baltimore \u0026 from Balt. by Rail Road. If so it would be necessary to send them to somebody in Balt. as well as to some one at Webster or the stopping Depot on the R.R. Anna don't know of my writing this letter as I am at the Institute, or she might have some special message. Her health is much better than usual \u0026 I trust that through the blessing of God she will be restored this summer. Much love to all.","Your affec. brother Thomas","Round Hill Water Cure \nNorthampton, Mass. \nJuly 21st/60","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but on last Friday week I was very ill with a bilious attack attended with high fever; but as I was with a skillful water cure physician he soon through the blessing of a kind Providence arrested the fever, and on Saturday I was again out doors and am now better than before the attack. I might have written to you last week, had  I not been anticipating a change from Brattleboro to this place, and I feared that your letter might not reach me in the event of having it directed to that place in the event of my leaving there. Today I came here \u0026 am much pleased with things so far. I think that Anna's health as well as my own has improved.","The special object of writing to you at this time is to request you to furnish me with another list of the articles you wish me to get for you \u0026, I wish that you would put them down in the order in which you most desire them, as the amount which you sent (fifty five dollars) will not purchase half of what you named and I am apprehensive that the state of my purse will not allow me to do much for you, though I think that I will be able to do something. I would not trouble you with making out another list, had I not as it appears put those you sent me in such a special safe place of keeping that when I was about to leave home I could not find them myself.","I don't think that I will get you anything at auction. I bought our sofa there \u0026 it has turned out a great cheat. If you can't give a full list, let me have the dimensions of the oil cloth. I wrote to you by Mr. Chenoweth \u0026 I think requested you to tell me to whom I should send the purchases in Baltimore \u0026 also at Grafton. Please let me know soon after receiving this and direct your letter to Round Hill Water Cure, Northampton, Massachusetts. I wish you were here with me, it is one of the most beautiful places I have ever seen. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","I am on the West Side of the Connecticut River so you can find me on the map.","Round Hill \nNorthampton, Mass. \nAug. 4th/860","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter of July 22d reached us at this place. I am glad that our sweet cousins (for such are the Murdochs) are about paying you a visit and I very much desire to meet them, but such gratification can not be indulged in at this time as our physician says that Anna will have to remain here until about the 1st of Oct. if she wishes to be cured. He says that he can thoroughly cure her. He says that he could cure me of all my symptoms of disease in from four to six months and as I am improving, I wish that I could remain here until relived of all my troubles or so long as I continue to improve. He says that I have a slight distortion of the spine, \u0026 that it has given rise to some of my uneasy symptoms. There are several ladies here who could not walk when they commenced treatment \u0026 are now walking as if perfectly well.","Anna and myself much regret that we must again be denied the pleasure of visiting you as we had hoped to do. But I know that at the right time our Heavenly Father will permit us to see you. I am anxiously looking forward to some opportunity during the coming session. I wrote in my last for you to give me a list of furniture, etc. in the order in which you prefer them, and I would suggest that you had better get a lower priced bedstead than ours. For instance, if a cottage one would answer it could be purchased at about half the price that we gave for ours. But if you could consent to lower the price of the other articles, I think that it would be best; of course you would not get things so serviceable \u0026 showy but I think that the increased number of articles for the same money would more than compensate.","A cottage bedstead would be rather small; but they are made neatly. I have merely made these suggestions \u0026 you must do as you think best \u0026 I will do the best I can for you in New York. I will not have the opportunity of stopping by in Philadelphia as my time is so precious. If you prefer the Philadelphia bedstead, I will write to the same person who made ours, \u0026 get you one. I send a list of some of our purchases. They were much lower than could have been bought in Lexington.","Anna joins me in love to you all. I wish I could stop in Philadelphia as I might get some things for you and also attend to an important matter. You must give my love to Harriet \u0026 the others when they visit you. May you have every needful blessing temporal \u0026 spiritual is my habitual prayer.\nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Home Sept. 3rd, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI have reached home safely with my health much improved. My physician said that I ought to have remained a month longer \u0026 I tried to do so but did not succeed, and I am satisfied with the sweet assurance that all things work together for my good. Anna's health was much improved, yet it was necessary for her to remain longer. I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to Madden's. \tThey are persons from whom I hoped to purchase your furniture, and at Madden's I have been able to get a better bargain than Anna \u0026 I got of him. The prices are as follows, center table with marble top $9, French bedstead $14 (width inside 5ft 1 inch), Elegant bureau $25, corresponding wash stand $15. The bureau is under its regular price which is $30. There is another bureau at $23 \u0026 corresponding wash stand $10. Wash stands have marble top\u0026 back. Sofa inside length 7ft at $25. Another sofa inside length 6ft 8 inches at $20. Nice tete a tete at $18. Shuck mattress to fit bed $6. Shuck and cotton mattress mixed at $9. Lounge opening out or not at $6. Also another kind of lounge opening out or not at $5. Colors of lounges black; green \u0026 brown[?]. 4 quartets at $5.","Boxing of table .75 \n\" \" Bedstead 2.00 \n\" \" Bureau 1.50 \n\" \" Wash stand 1.00 \n\" \" Sofa 1.50 \n\" \" quartets .50 \n\" \" lounge 1.00 \nBailing mattresses .75 \nTotal 9.00","All the articles are mahogany, and I like them except the $23 Bureau. I would get the $25 bureau as it is only $2 more and if the elegant wash stand is too expensive I will get him to make you a neat one for $10. I would advise you to get the $20 sofa, but if you prefer you can instead of the sofa get the tete a tate \u0026 $5 lounge which will come to $3 more than the sofa. But if you prefer the sofa, you can make a lounge of it by spreading a cloth over it. The tete a tate is handsomer than the lounge though much smaller than our tete a tate. \tI purchased oil cloth for the square \u0026 rectangle but didn't succeed in getting any for the stairs as it is not now fashionable for stairs. I got the oil cloth at Stewart's \u0026 they told me that they didn't know where any could be had for stairs.","Home Sept. 24th, 1860","My dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter reached me on Saturday and I was enabled to borrow the necessary money from the Bank, and I forwarded a draft this morning in a letter to Mr. Madden requesting him to purchase the carpet \u0026 stair rods and to forward all by the 1st packet to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Virginia, to the care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart box no. 320 Baltimore Street Baltimore, Maryland. I told him to send the lounge opening out at $6. I also specified green as the color. You did not mention the color in your letter, but I thought that you were pleased with ours. I regard it as very cheap, it is not so showy as ours, but I would much prefer it, as I think it is a serviceable one; whereas ours has proved to be a great cheat' having been bought at a N.Y. auction I might have expected it to turn out badly.  As you request a Bible instead of the oil cloth I conform very willingly to your wishes and the account will then stand","Centre table 9.\tBoxing table .75 \nBedstead 14. \" Bedstead\t2.00 \nBureau 25 \" Bureau 1.50 \nWash Stand 15 \" Wash Stand\t1.00 \nTate a Tete\t18 \" Sofa 1.50 \nLounge\t6 \" Quartets .50 \nQuartets 5\t\" Lounge 1.00 \n10 yd Carpet 8.25 \nat 62 ½\t6.25 \n18 stair rods 4.28 \nBoxing\t8.25 \n110.78","In order to get a draft on N.Y. I had to pay one dollar and eleven cents making in all one hundred and eleven dollars and eighty nine cents. Deducting from this the amount you sent me fifty five dollars leaves fifty six dollars and 89 cents adding to this the price of the oil cloth 7.50 makes the total amount sixty four dollars \u0026 39 cents. There are 10 yards of oil cloth at 75 cents per yard.","In order to get a new draft from a Bank the person to whom the Bank gave the draft had to inform the Bank that the draft has been lost or mislaid as the case may be and satisfy the Banking officer that he is acting honestly in the matter. If our Bank were to give me a draft \u0026 I should lose it all I would have to do would be to go to the cashier of the Bank \u0026 tell him that the draft was lost \u0026 request him to give me another which he would do and he would then write to the Bank that was to pay the draft \u0026 tell it not to pay the first draft. If he thought it necessary. So if the draft sent me was given to Col. Goff ask him to write to the Bank \u0026 request another draft stating that the first has been lost or mislaid. If the cashier of the Bank does not know Col. Goff then the Col. had better enclose his letter to some friend in whom the Bank has confidence and let this friend present it to the Bank so that the Bank may be satisfied that all is right. I regret to give you so much trouble.","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 1st, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI recd. your welcome letter this morning. I regret to learn that you have all been ill, but trust that ere this reaches you, all may again be well. If Mr. Preston remains in Beverly much of his time, I would be glad if it could be so arranged so as to board with you, if your health would justify it, and other circumstances would justify it. But I fear that it could not be arranged so. But wherever he may stay when in Beverly you may through the blessing of God derive much aid from him by consulting him freely. He is reserved in his manners, and I think that the best way to treat him, is to be very cordial, and to evince a desire to see much of him, but after all, we must not depend too much on a man; but look up to our Heavenly Father for every needed aid. If we but live near to God, all things shall work together for our good. I regret to hear of Aunt White's blindness. Give my love to her \u0026 Uncle.","I am sorry that your furniture was injured even slightly. I expect that the expenses to Webster were not much more than customary. I didn't expect that you would favor the French bedstead as much as ours, but such a one as ours I have never seen in N. York, it is the Philadelphia style \u0026 besides it costs more than yours. I like the French and Anna would exchange it with you if practicable and says if you will send her yours she will send you hers. If you had been accustomed to Leery French Bedsteads all your life you would probably think the high ones quite clumsy affairs.","I hope that Williams will exchange with Judge Thompson and would be glad if he would do so next term which commences the 12th of next Sept. I hope if he comes that he will bring his wife with him.\n    \nI did not ask Mr. Rieston to take your Bible to you, as he said that he was going on horseback.","Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 29th 1860","My dear Sister, \nAmong the things laid out for this Saturday is the writing of a letter to you. The weather here is such that any one who does not learn at the feet of Jesus would pronounce dismal; as it is penetratingly damp in addition to wet falling snow- bordering on sleet. How different are the views of one who sees God in all things and one who sees Him in nothing. This reminds me of of the Peasant who said that the weather tomorrow will be just such as pleases me, because it will be such as pleases God, and that always pleases me.","How do you like Mr. Thomas Preston? What is being done for the Redeemers cause in Beverly? How I would like to be with you! A visit to you is one of the pleasant things in prospect. I hope that you are all well again.","Do not have too much anxiety about bringing up your children, trust in God assistance, and it will be given. I think of our Sainted Mother and take courage from God's promise I will show mercy unto thousands (of generations) of them that keep me commandments From this passage a parent as will as children may draw great comfort. If a parent but keeps God's commandments, he or she may be well assured that God's mercy will rest upon the children.","I am looking forward with great interest to the 4th of Jany. when the Christian people for assistance, of this land will lift their united prayer as incense to the Throne of God in Supplication for our unhappy country. What is the feeling about Beverly respecting Secession? I am anxious to hear from the native part of my state, I am strong for the Union at present, and if things become no worse, I hope to continue so. I think that the majority in this county are for the Union; but in counties bordering us there is a strong secession feeling. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 23rd, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour kind letter reached its destination after Anna had left for North Carolina to visit her parents and be present at her sister Sue's wedding. She left last Monday morning. I heard from her in Richmond. She wrote that Providence had greatly blest her. She went as far as Richmond with a lady from this place. From Richmond she was to go to her destination with her Brother William who was to leave Washington for the purpose.","I feel very lonesome \u0026 greatly wish that I had you as next door neighbor. Today is raining \u0026 I stay pretty much in doors.","I hope that Thomas will spare no pains to get all the education practicable before coming to the Institution. He will thus be enabled to take our course to greater advantage, and will be in a position to graduate higher in his class.","Yesterday was celebrated with becoming honor, due to the memory of Washington. I trust that this letter will find you all in usual health at least. My throat is troubling me today. I would be glad to hear from Thomas or from any of the children.","Your affect. brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 6th, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter net with a welcome reception and I intended answering it last Saturday, but was prevented. I am very much gratified to learn that Mr. A. has consented to aid the church provided Mr. P remains with you. From Grace's letter I saw that he would remain if a proper salary could be raised. Do what you all can to make up the amount \u0026 I will be responsible for the rest. I would rather pay his whole salary than have him leave Beverly at this time. I still hope that Mr. Arnold may become a Christian. I know that the change to effect this must be great, but who will limit the power of the Holy Ghost. You were once a disbeliever, but a mother's prayers have been (as I believe) answered \u0026 who can say but that your prayers \u0026 the prayers of others may be heard for Mr. Arnold: for years I have been praying for him \u0026 expect to continue doing so. how great has been the change in him to agree to aid in preaching the Gospel. Pray on for him \u0026 pray for more faith. You speak of your temptations- that you shall be a cast away: don't tolerate such an idea for a moment. God draws his sensible presence from us to try our faith. When a cloud comes between you and the sun do you fear that the sun will never appear again? I am well satisfied that you are a child of God, and that you will be saved in Heaven, therefore ever to dwell with the ransomed of the Lord. So you must not doubt. The Natural Sun may never return to the view of the child of God when once concealed by an intervening cloud but the Sun of Righteousness will. But there is one very essential thing to the child of God who would enjoy the comforts of religion \u0026 that is he or she must live in accordance with the law of God- must have no will but his- Knowing the path of duty, must not hesitate for a moment, but at once[?] walk in it. Jesus says my yoke is easy \u0026 my burden is light \u0026 this is true, if we but follow him in the prompt discharge of every duty, but we mustn't hesitate a moment about doing our[?] duty under all circumstances as soon as it is made known to us \u0026 we should always seek by prayer to be taught our duty.","If temptations are presented, you must not think that you are committing sin in consequence of having a sinful thought- The Savior thought a sinful thought of worshipping Satan, what could be more abhorrent to a Christian's feeling than such a thought. But such thoughts become sinful if we derive pleasure from them, we must abhor them if we would prevent our sinning. The Devil inputs sinful ideas into our minds to disrupt our peace \u0026 to make us sin \u0026 it is our duty to see by prayer \u0026 watchfulness that we are not defiled by them.\n    \nGod has done great things; astonishing things for you \u0026 your family. Don't doubt his eternal love for you.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 13th, 1861","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to answer your letter for some time, but have from various causes been prevented. I wish I could see you with me again in Lexington, but as I don't expect to have that pleasure this spring, I hope to see you in Beverly next summer. In regard to those little histories of which you spoke, I will try \u0026 get Mr. Thomas to take a couple of them to you as a present. They may keep you reading until you have an opportunity of purchasing yours. Send to Harper \u0026 Brother, New York \u0026 I think if you will write to them beforehand that they will let you have them a quarter lower that the retail price which was 60 cents. When I purchased mine he let me have them at 45 cents, as I purchased a number of Books and I think he will do the same now. I don't like to ask Mr. Preston to carry anything, as he will probably not be able to take everything which he wants of his own, in consequence of his being on horseback \u0026 leaving home for several months \u0026 possibly for a year.","Your Aunt will attend to your request. I am sorry to learn that Mr. Chenoweth's health has failed: but hope that he may soon be restored. ","We have had very wet weather here during the present week, but I think that it is probably about over.","Your Aunt joins me in love to you all. She spoke of writing to day, but as I wanted to answer your letter she consented to postpone hers.","You must write to me often. \nYour affectionate Uncle \nThomas.","I am gratified to see from your letter that you are so much pleased with Mr. Preston as a preacher.","Baltimore \u0026 Ohio R. R. Telgraph","By Telegraph","Dated H. Ferry April 30, 1861 \nTo Jas. M. Jackson","An ordinance equalizing taxation onproperty throughout the sate of Virginia passed the convention of this twenty seventh inst (27th). Let papers publish.","T. J. Jackson \nCol. Commanding \nat Harpers Ferry","Charge 25 cts.","Division Head Qrts. \nHarpers Ferry \nMay 5th, 1861","Colonel, \nThe object of this letter is to request that you will look our for the interests of Massie, McDonald, and Cunnningham, they are all valuable officers. Though I recommended Massie to the Governor soon after my arrival here, yet at that time I didn't know his full worth. He is an invaluable staff officer, and I should greatly regret to lose him. I hope that you may find it consistent with the interest if Public Service to give him a Lieutenant Coloneley of the Inspector Generals Department.","McDonald and Cunningham both prefer the Corps of Engineers (Regular Service).","I am colonel, \nVery Respectfully yours. \nT. J. Jackson","To \nCol. F. H. Smith \nMember of Council of State","Harper's Ferry \nMay 25th, 1861","Governor, \nThe object of this letter is to state that Mr. W. S. H. Baylor, late Colonel of the Augusta regiment has qualities which would make him a valuable Colonel if an opportunity were offered for their development. During the insubordination at this place, which resulted from depriving the works of their field and general offices, Mr. B. instead of at once going to Richmond to advance his personal interests, remained here until he succeeded in quelling the insubordination in his Regiment, and I was forcibly impressed with the influence which he exerted over his men. He possesses fine qualities for an officer and consequently feels deeply that the other Colonels were reinstated whilst he was only appointed a Major. I am well satisfied from what I know of him personally, that he would as a colonel, be an ornament to the Service. \nI am Governor, your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nCol. Va. Vols.","Jany. 2d, 1862","Major, \nI am much obliged to you for the nice lemons you have sent me.\nIssue one day's rations of Hd. Bd. As you suggest.\nI am glad to see that you are so well supplied.\nYou disappointed not only me but the Staff by not dining with us on Christmas.","I have been concerned about your health, as I hear that you do not look so well as usual. I hope that you will take special care of your health.","Respectfully yours, \nT. J. Jackson\nLt. Genl.","Hear Quarters Valley Dist. \nUnger's Store Jany. 13, 1862","General, \nThe enemy have evacuated Romney, leaving part of their stores behind. \nRespectfully you Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. Comd.","Genl. J. E. Johnston \nComd. Dept. of N. Va.","Winchester \nFeby 11th 1862","My dear Doctor \nYour very kind and Christian letter respecting my proposed withdrawal from Field Service has been received, and be assured that it met with a cordial reception. My desire to serve our cause is undiminished, but I am in active service not because it is more congenial to my taste, but from a sense of duty. The moment that my services are not required in the field I desire to return to the Institute.","After God had restored to us the county of Morgan East of the Big Capon River and the most valuable portion of Hampshire County, and was still driving the enemy from this Military District, the Secretary of War without consulting me upon the subject, sent an order to me stating that he has information, that Genl. Loring's command is in danger of being cut off, and directs me to order him back to Winchester immediately, thus unnecessarily abandoning to the enemy what had been restored to us. If such a policy as that was to be pursued by the Secretary at his desk far removed from the theatre of war, ruin must result to our cause, and I feel called upon to utter my strongest protest against such a ruinous policy, and this I designed doing by offering to resign, rather than be the willful instrument of carrying out a ruinous policy. So far as the secretary may have shown indignity to me personally, that is not a matter to be considered in times like the present. I am satisfied that my course was a good one for our cause, the effect that it may injuriously have in the estimation of men respecting me, is of but little moment.","I say it humbly but with the hope that you will live to see that my course has been what it should have been. I am every ready to remain in the field when I can have a prospect of being useful there. Pray that I may be useful.\nI am sincerely your friend \nT.J. Jackson","Winchester \nFeby 18th, 1862","General \nI have received information that there is below Washington another Brigade besides Sickles' and that they are provided with pontoon trains by which they can cross their Art. \u0026 other force in about four (4) hours and that they design doing so with the night at three or four different points, and that the first favorable night is the time fixed upon. That the crossing is to be followed by the reoccupation of Fredericksburg.","The 1st Tennessee leaves for Knoxville at dawn tomorrow morning. Would have left this morning, but I thought it best not to move until something could be heard respecting the time when the cars could receive them, as the weather has been very bad, and the troops are comfortable in their present position, \u0026 are within a day's march of Strasburg. Tomorrow at 10 o'clock A.M. the 1st Georgia will leave, and the Regiments for Genl Humes will move in time for their R. R. transportation. As there is no evidence of an immediate move on this place, I do not attach much importance to the information respecting the crossing of the Potomac below you, but have felt it my duty to make mention of it. The information is that the crossing is to be at night. The troops for Manassas can leave at any time via Snicker's Gap; as the boats now there will transport 250 Inft. per trip, but unless I receive further instructions from you, I will keep them as you directed until after the Regiments for the Virginia District leave.","Respectfully your Obt. Servt. \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl","Winchester, VA. \nFebruary 18th 1862","J. J. Jackson Major Gen. Comdg.","Reports information concerning enemy's strenght \u0026 intended operations on lower Potomac. Departure of the troops of Genl. Loring's command.","Winchester \n8.40 p.m. March 4/62","General \nMy dispatch to Genl. Johnston of yesterday as well as today was important. Please let me now at once whether either of them was captured. I think that we had better send nothing more for the present via Snicker's Gap, but everything via Ashby's. I will keep a lookout for [Miss] Osborn. I will understand the [ ]1. The Yankees are in Smithfield which is about 6 miles west of Charles Town.","Respectfully your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nBrig Genl. D. H. Hill \nComd C. S. Forces, Leesburg.","Winchester \nMarch 7th, 1862","My Dear Colonel, \nI much regret that there should be an attempt at such foul aspirations against your character as named in your letter, which I received yesterday. On the 21st Inst. my mind was so occupied with the movement of troops during the Battle, that I observed but little of the minutia of individuals beyond what was necessary to see plans carried out. But so favorable was the impression of your conduct on my mind at the time of making out my report, when my memory was more fresh than at present, that I felt it was official duty to speak of you in terms of great praise. At the time of making out my report, I was suffering from my wound, and wrote but a short report, but all that is in it respecting yourself, is such testimony, as a meritorious officer successfully fighting for the Liberty of his country deserves. I see that I forwarded your report to Genl. Johnston and you had better get a copy of mine from him if you need it, as there might be a military impropriety in my sending you a copy. If the General hasn't got mine, request him to direct me to furnish him with a copy, or to furnish you with it either. But if you have any hesitation about making the request of the Genl. let me know, and I will send you a copy of the report so far as it relates to you. I did not retain a copy of your Report.","Today I will commence in a quiet way gathering up such facts and names as may be of use to you, should there be any occasion for them. Anything I can do, you must depend upon me for as it will be both a duty and pleasure to send you.","Your daughter, Mrs. [?] and Mrs. Jackson left here in the same stage on last Tuesday. Sandy is recovering from a very severe cold.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley District \nNear Mt. Jackson March 20th, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nAs Lt. Col. Grisby was on furlough when I last wrote to you, my second letter has been postponed until his return. I sent for him today, and he states that he probably saw more of you during the Battle, and had more to say to you, than any other officer; and that you behaved as bravely as an officer should, and appears to have been impressed with your coolness and courage, and speaks of your conduct in high terms, and says that with the exception McLachlin d of the time when you went to the rear \u0026 hitched your horse, that you were forward with your battery.","McLachlin does not appear to recollect much respecting you during the engagement as he states that his attention was given to his pieces, and that is very natural, I know that I observed but little of individuals except as duty brought me in contact with them. Though he says that you were with the leading piece when the battery went forward on the line of battle, and that his his opinion is that just before the piece went to the rear, you gave direction respecting the firing.","Should you have Brockenbrough Court Marshaled, I would advise you to have Grisby summoned as a witness. ","Very Truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley Dist. \nApril 16th, 1862","Mrs. M. K. Langhorne, \nYour note respecting you brave son has been recd. and I hasten to say that you may rest assured that I will give special attention not only to his exchange when an opportunity offers but also to his unfortunate comrades.","Yours sincerely, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. V. Dist. \nBig Spring \nApril 18th, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Inst.","General, \nIf you can possibly spare Colonel Williamson for a week or ten days, I hope that you will give him a leave of absence for the purpose of assisting me professionally.","I am General your obdt. servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Hd. Qts. at Swift Run Gap \nApril 28, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. V. M. Institute","General, \nI have an important movement in contemplation and I regret to trouble you again when the subject of letting Col. Williamson join me for a few days; but if you can possibly do so, I hope that you will let him leave immediately upon the receipt of this, and join me with all possible dispatch. Should he come, let him on reaching Staunton call on Major A. W. Harman for relays of horses in order that he may reach this point or wherever it may be in the shortest time.","My prayer is that the proposed undertaking will receive God's blessing for without it I can do nothing.","Should you be able to grant my request, you may rest assured that I will not retain the Colonel longer than necessary and should you desire his services at any time before the completion of his work, you have but to notify me.","I send herewith authority for him to impress horses.","I am General your obedt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Head Quarters May 3rd, 1862","Spec. Orders \nNo. 214","Maj. Gen. F.H. Smith having brought the Corps of Cadets of the Va. Mil. Inst. into the field, Quartermasters, Commissaries, and Ordinance Officers will furnish him all necessary supplies from their respective Departments.","By Order \nMaj. Gen. Jackson \nA.S. Pendleton \nA. A. A. G.","Near Harrisonburg \nMay 19th, 1862 \nHon. A. R. Boteler","Dear Sir, \nAccording to my promise I notify you that I am going down the Valley. But I can not say that I would advise to come on as my movements mat not be such as would enable you to visit your home. Should you feel at liberty to join me, I hope that you will do so at your earliest convenience.","What is the prospect of having Lt. Cols. J. R. Jones \u0026 A. Snead appointed Brig. Generals.","Very truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qtrs. Valley District \nMay 29, 1862 \nMajor Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Institute","General, \nI am very grateful to you for your cooperation. Please call on the proper Departments at Staunton for transportation and Subsistence. When I get a tent or room to write in you shall hear from me again.\nI am General, your obdt. Serv. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Port Republic \nJune 6, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nI have recommended Lt. Col. J. R. Jones late of the 33rd Regt. Va. Vols. For a Brigadier Generalcy. I greatly need his services as such, any thing you can do towards securing his appointment will be valuable service rendered to our cause. You may remember the part he bore in the capture of the arsenal at Apalachicola. To him was entrusted the quelling of the insurrectionary movement in this District last Spring and it was effected greatly to my satisfaction. ","Col. J. goes to Richmond at my request. My recommendation of him sometime since was without his knowledge, and he is too modest a gentleman to do much in the way of pressing this matter as it affects him personally(?), and I therefore trust that this will do it for him. Please introduce him to Hon. A. R. Boteler, who has already taken steps towards securing the appointment.\nRemember me very kindly to the Governor.","Very truly your friend, \nT. J Jackson","Gordonsville \nJune 20th, 1864","My dear Doctor, \nYours of the 9th instant has been received, but was not handed to me by Mr. [?].  If I see an opening for an army appointment for him, I will try and secure it but I fear that no such appointment will be secured without the recommendation of the Colonel or other officers of a regiment where his services may be desired.  If he can secure such a recommendation it will most certainly secure the appointment.  I am glad that he has come, and I will talk with Major Dabney respecting him, with the hope that the Major may be the means under God of increasing his usefulness.","For our prayer accept my warmest thanks, and I trust that you, and all our Christian people will with increased [?] with God implore his blessing upon our cause.  He can give us victory, and crown us with complete success, and He alone can.  My trust is in Him, and in Him along, and unto His name be all the glory for every success and every blessing.","Give my kindest regards to Mrs. White and all the family.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","White Oak Bridge \nJuly 10th, 1862","General, \nYours of this date has been received. I send you a copy of the order for falling back. There are no infantry that I am aware of in front of you this morning. If no instructions have reached you, I would, if in your place, move off to your position near Williamsburg road. I expect to leave here this evening about 3 o' clock.","Stuart is still in front. I saw Capt. Rufus Barring yesterday. He says that his youngest child if dangerously ill.","Respectfully, \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","July 31st, 1862 \nMy dear Doctor, \nI am very grateful to you for your prayers to God for the success of the operation which God has entrusted to me. Please continue to pray for me and for the success of the troops entrusted to me. It cheers my heart to think that many of God's people are praying to our very kind Heavenly Father for the success of the army to which I belong. Without God's blessing I look for no success, and for every success my prayer is, that all the glory may be given unto Him to whom it is properly due. If people would but give all the glory to God, and regard his creatures as but unworthy instruments, my heart would rejoice. Alas too frequently the praise is bestowed upon the creature. Whilst we must not forget the superior importance of spiritual victories, yet I trust that you will under God's direction do what you can in securing the prayers of His people for the success of our arms, especially for the success of them which are entrusted to me, an unworthy servant, but who desires to glorify His name even in my present military calling. My trust is in God for success. Praying for a continuation of your usefulness I remain your much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","My Dear Maggie \nIn haste I drop you a line in answer to your letter of Oct.3d. I regret not having a position to which propriety Mr. Estill can be assigned. The best opening that I see for him is to secure an appointment as an ordnance officer. There are to be 70 appointed after being examined by a board upon their qualifications. Harry Estill is among the number. It appears to me that his brother Charles ought to pass examination by giving attention to the subject.","I am much obliged to you for your kindness. ","I deeply sympathize with you all in the death of dear Willie. He was in my first Sabbath school class where I became attached to him when he was a little boy. I had expected to have him as one of my aid de camps but God in his providence has ordered otherwise.","Remember me very kindly to Col. Preston \u0026 all the family. \nAffectionately your brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Near Gordonsville \nAug 7th, 1862","General, \nI am much obliged to you for giving Cadet Morrison a leave of absence. Should you not receive from his father a letter within the prescribed time requesting that his son's resignation be accepted, I respectfully request that you will accept it upon this my application.","I am General yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","5 am Bristow \n27 Augt 62","General, \nPermit me to congratulate you upon the brilliant success with which God has blessed you.  You deserve promotion. The 12 Geo. \u0026 15th Ala. Regt. have been ordered to you this morning.","If you have commissary stores enough please send 5000 rations to Genl. Ewell at Bristow as soon as you can get transportation.","I am Genl yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Sharpsburg \nSept 16th, 1862","Miss Fairfield, \nI have received the nice breakfast for which I am indebted to your kindness.  Please accept my grateful appreciation of you hospitality.\nVery sincerely yours, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd Qrs V. Dist Sept. 22nd, 1862","General, \nI respectfully recommend that Corporal Jas. P. Smith of the Rockbridge Artillery be appointed Aid de Camp and directed to report to me for duty. As 1st Lt. G. G. Junkin has resigned I desire Mr. Smith to be his successor. He has been acting as A. D. C. since the 20th instant and I respectfully request that his appointment be dated accordingly.","I am General your most obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","T. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. V. Dist. Oct. 15th, 1862","Revoking approval of Maj. Genl. D. H. Hill recommendation of Col. D. K. McBeal for a Brigadier Generalcy.","Hd. Qrs. A. N. Va. \nOctober 16th, 1862 \nResptly forwarded \nBy order of Genl. R. E. Lee","Clarke County Va. \nOct. 30th, 1862","My dear Doctor, \nYour kind and Christian letter of the 16th inst, with the accompanying resolution have been received, I write this note to thank you for having so effectually complied with my request, and to ask that your prayers and Christian efforts be continued as before requested, My trust is in God, and it is a great comfort to know that he answers prayer. I am very thankful to our kind Heavenly Father for restoring you to health. I hope that both your sons if not entirely well at present soon will be. \nYour much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","Dec. 7th, 1862","Dear Genl, \nI have not yet found the sermon by Bishop Elliott of which mention was made when with you last. But I send herewith another of his sermons which I hope you will after reading forward to some friend in order that it may under God's blessing accomplish much good. The part marked on the 19th \u0026 20th pages comes up to my idea of what is the very reasonable \u0026 most important duty and high privilege of our people at this time.","The sermon was given me by Mrs. Brent of Winchester last winter or early in March and has not been sent out among the troops as all religious matter should.","Sincerely your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va. \nDec. 8th, 1862","Genl, \nWhen you last wrote I presume that Mount Mass. \u0026 Hop Yard were not picketed for want of time after Genl. E. received the order, but before [now] I expect that the pickets are in position. I wish that you and Genl. E. would arrange the picketing dividing the work between the two divisions proportionally","I have written to Genl. Lee for the purpose of having a [c?] picket at Dickinson's crossing.","I am Genl. Yr. obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.","Major, \nCol. Crutchfield is very desirous of having a commissary for my reserve Art. The object of this note is to ascertain whether you have one that can be assigned there. Who have you at Milford Depot?","If you have no commissary to spare for the purpose, and you know of a suitable person I wish you would recommend him and send the recommendation through these Hd. Qrs. How would Campbell do? What I desire you to do is to recommend the most worthy if one is to be appointed.","Can one commissary attend to the duties at Milford Depot and also to seeing that the Arty. wants?","Take care of yourself \u0026 when you feel like taking a long ride, come down and see me.","Respectfully your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","My dear sister Isabella, \nYour letter of the 15th respecting Genl. Hill was received yesterday. My first step was to try and arrange things so that he would remain with this Army; but after several interviews with him and also with Genl. Lee, I became satisfied that it would be impolite to insist on his remaining. Genl. Lee manifested to great interest in Genl. Hill, and a great desire that he should not resign. He \u0026 I took the same view as yourself respecting his feelings after being out of service a while, and we both thought it best that he should be ordered to Richmond where he could be ordered to duty else where \u0026 to some position where he could have more comforts than with this company or he given a leave to go home as circumstances might justify. It appears that the War Department took a similar view. The last news received from the Dept. was that his resignation would not be accepted at present but if necessary, a leave of absence granted. I am probably wrong in saying that this Course was determined on by the War Dept. What I should have said, is, that Genl. Lee who has returned from Richmond told me that he had so recommended and I am well satisfied that his recommendation has not been departed from.  Genl. Hill has probably explained to you before this, the causes which induced him to leave here. I tried to remove what I could influence, but was not successfull. For his services the Country owes him a lasting debt of gratitude. My prayer is that he will continue in the service until the war terminates, and that our Heavenly Father will give him success. And that his health and strength will not be so over taxed in the future as it had been in the past.","The subject of his leaving the army gave me great concern. I did not like to take any steps which would be distasteful to him. Though I thought he ought to go to Richmond, yet as he expressed his desire not to leave if a battle was about to take place, and as one might be fought any day. So far as I knew, I felt a hesitancy about doing anything which would separate him from his division in case of an action.","Genl. Lee proposed that he should take a leave of absence, and return to his division in the Spring, but Genl. Hill did not accept of it.","Though the case has been such as to give anxiety to you, Genl. Lee \u0026 myself, I am satisfied that Our God will over rule it for good. For He causes all things to work together for good to them who love Him. If the Genl. is at home when this reaches you, please give my love to him. Joseph, Robert and Maj. Ewing[?] are well. I have not seen Mr. Barrington for nearly two months. Give love to the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Corbyn's Farm \nCaroline Co. Va. \nFeby 11th, 1863","My dear Captain, \nYour letter of the 5th instant has been received, and your request will receive special attention. I am not sanguine of success, but an available opportunity may occur.","I regret to heat of the continued delicate health of Mrs. B. \u0026 child. Joseph Morrison has gone home to see his mother who is seriously ill. Capt. Avery had also gone on leave of absence of 25 days.","Genl. Hill has been assigned to duty in N.C.","Mr. Irwin \u0026 Sis with their children were at Cottage Home at last account. I hope that they will be there when Anna \u0026 Paul arrive there.","Should you come near me. I hope that you will not pass by without calling.","Very truly yours, \nT. J. Jackson","P.S. Genl. Stuart has arrived since the foregoing and he desires getting you appointed on His Military Court of which he has the promise. Say nothing about this, as the court is not yet secured. \nT. J. J.","Hd. Qrs. 2d Corps A. N. V. \nMarch 23d, 1863","General, \nI have learned officially this evening, that Mr. Col. Wm. R. Cox 2d N.C. Regt. \u0026 Judge Advocate of the General Court Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones is absent and will not return until the 2d of April. Under these circumstances I would respectfully recommend that Col. D.B. Penn of the 7th Louisiana Regt. be appointed Judge Advocate of the Court.","The accompanying papers were returned to me today by Col. W. P. Bynum of the 2d N. C. I. One of the envelopes was opened by him under the impression that the package concerned his Regt.","I am Genl. your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Gen.","T. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A.N.V. \nMarch 23, 1863 \nRecommending that Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.","Near Fredericksburg, Va. \nApril 15th, 1863 \nMessrs. Mitchell \u0026 Tyler","Gentlemen, \nYour note of the 11th instant informing me that you have not only repaired my watch but also replaced the indistinct gold dial by a white one, gratuitously has been received.","The object of this note is to thank you for your kindness, and to say that not only is the watch thoroughly repaired; but that I regard its usefulness materially enhanced by the new dial.","I am gentlemen, \n[Signature missing/cut out from letter at unknown date]","7.45 A. M.","General, \nYour dispatch of 6. A. m. has been recd. I have sent a scouting party down the road you are on for the purpose of communicating with you.  The party has taken 2 prisoners who report back of a regt. In rifle [?] in the wood.  I have ordered a force to the wood for the purpose of clearing it.","Respectfully, \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Major, \nPlease forward the above by telegraph.","I hope to get you a Colonelcy.","Yours truly \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.","The papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.","The papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).","All are original letters (ALS) written by Stonewall Jackson, unless noted otherwise.","Letters written while Stonewall Jackson was a cadet at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter fragment regards Stonewall Jackson's health and furlough.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letters written by Stonewall Jackson during the Mexican War.","Written on board the ship James L. Day. Letter regards travel to Point Isabel, Texas and general news about the Mexican War.","Written from Point Isabel, Texas. Letter regards travel to Texas, family matters, and plans to travel \"up the Rio Grande tomorrow.\"","Written from Veracruz, Mexico. Letter regards news of the Mexican War, daily life at camp, Stonewall Jackson's health, and family matters.","Written from camp near Veracruz, Mexico. Letter requests compensation for quartermaster duties.","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards a \"detailed acount of Mexico.\"","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards troop movements and life at camp.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards general news of the war and family matters.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter describes the Passeo, a central road through the city, and general news of the war.","Written from National Palace, Mexico. Letter regards news of the war and General Pillow's trial.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment.","Written from Governors Island, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's new station.","Written from Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Letter regards a trip to attend a court martial and the desire to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and travel back to New York.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards style of dress, historical studies, and that \"cholera has entirely disappeared from this place.\" Additionally, the letter includes a discussion of a thermometer.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards book catalogs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health, magazine subscriptions, and finances.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards family news, Stonewall Jackson's concern for Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) eyesight, and a new diet.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a fire at the stables, a potential visit in October, and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards the death of \"Uncle Cummins\" and family finances.","Written from Plattsburgh, New York. Letter regards travel to New York \"for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\"","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards an Invoice of Public Property.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a potential visit in October and the death of \"Uncle Cummins.\"","Written from Fort Ontario, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's membership \"of Courts Martial.\"","Written from West Point, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's visit to West Point.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. In the letter, Stonewall Jackson gives his approval to put his name before the VMI Board of Visitors for a professorship position.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards a potential position at VMI and family news.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment as a VMI Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's arrival at VMI.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson starting his academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health and a discussion of Christianty.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Stonewall Jackson's trip to see Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) next summer.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards garden seeds, fruit, and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a potential visit from George P. Terrill and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a missing package, family news, and a vocal concert.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and barracks construction.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virgina. Letter regards the springs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards an appreciation of Lexington and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards course designs for law lectures and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and preparations for teaching Natural Philosophy and Artillery.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards health and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and a potential visit in July.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards the springs and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to Niagara Falls, New York.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) daughter and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's application for professorship at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) infant daughter and Stonewall Jackson's pending appointment at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and includes a portion written by Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from Healing Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to the springs.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Stonewall Jackson's wife Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchase of books and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from \"Uncle Alred's.\" Letter regards the potential purchase of land.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Letter regards family news and notes that the cadets \"have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond [Virginia] but are expected to be home today.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter fragment regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Fragment regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lextington, Virginia. Letter regards corrections to the letter and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to Liverpool, England.","Written from \"Ship Asia at Sea.\" Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and the cities he wants to visit.","Written from Naples, Italy. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the places Stonewall Jackson visited during his trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. In the letter Stonewall Jackson announces his engagement to Mary Anna Morrison.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to Alum Springs.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and mentions VMI faculty meetings.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to visit the Arnold family.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas arriving in Virginia.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from White Sulphur Springs, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Thomas Arnold's accounts, which are written on the back of the letter.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter fragment regards discussion of purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and Grace Arnold's education.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchases for the house. The letter also contains a portion written by Mary Anna Jackson regarding a clothing pattern.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Grace Arnold's education and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Telegram regards \"equalizing taxation onproperty\" in Virginia.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards military officers.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards appointing W. S. H. Baylor as a colonel.","Letter regards rations and general news.","Written from \"Under's Store, HQ, Valley District.\" Letter regards enemy troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards news of the Civil War and Stonewall Jackson's desire to return to VMI.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards support of the Colonel in response to \"such foul aspirations against your character.\"","Written from \"Near Mr. Jackson,\" Virginia. Letter praises William N. Pendleton for actions in battle.","Letter regards the status of Margaret K. Langhorne's son.","Written from Big Spring, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Written from Swift Run Gap, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Order regards VMI Corps of Cadets joining the Civil War.","Written \"Near Harrisonburg,\" Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Valley District, Virginia. Letter thanks Francis H. Smith for his cooperation.","Written from Port Republic, Virginia. Letter regards promotion requests.","Written from Gordonsville, Virginia. Letter regards potential promotions.","Written from White Oak Bridge, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Bunker Hill, Virginia. Letter regards a potential position for \"Mr. Estill.\"","Written \"Near Gordonsville,\" Virginia. Letter regards a leave of absence for Cadet Morrison.","Written from Bristow, Virginia. Letter regards Isaac R. Trimble's promotion.","Letter thanks Miss Fairfield for breakfast.","Letter regards the potential appointment of Corporal Jas. P. Smith.","Order regards rovoking Col. D. K. McBeal as a brigadier general.","Letter regards religion.","Written from \"Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\" Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from \"Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\" Letter regards commissary.","Written from Caroline County, Virgina. Letter regards \"Gen. Hill\" leaving the Army.","Written from Caroline County, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Letter recommends that \"Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\"","Written from \"Near Fredericksburg,\" Virginia. Letter thanks Mitchell and Tyler for repairing a watch.","Letter regards troop movements.","Post-Civil War memoirs (circa 1865), written by Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving. The memoirs recount the winter of 1862-1863 when Stonewall Jackson established winter quarters on the Corbin estate in Moss Neck, Virginia.","This series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).","This series consists primarily of the incoming and outgoing correspondence files of Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) from the post-Civil War era.","This series contains papers relating to Julia Jackson Christian.","This series includes correspondence to and from Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson), Stark W. Arnold, Jonathan Arnold, and others.","This series includes pamphlets concerning the life of Stonewall Jackson, sheet music dedicated to Jackson, and other items.","Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creator_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creators_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"access_terms_ssm":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"date_range_isim":[1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA significant portion of the Stonewall Jackson papers are available \n\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/p15821coll4\"\u003eonline\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["A significant portion of the Stonewall Jackson papers are available \n online ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving (1826-1919). Her first husband was Richard Corbin of Moss Neck Plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Following Richard's death in the Civil War, she married Reverend Ovid Americus Kinsolving.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.","Jackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.","In April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.","Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving (1826-1919). Her first husband was Richard Corbin of Moss Neck Plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Following Richard's death in the Civil War, she married Reverend Ovid Americus Kinsolving."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e...Be not discouraged by disappointments \u0026amp; difficulties but on the contrary let each stimulate you to greater exertions for attaining noble ends \u0026amp; an approving conscience at least will be your reward. Please write to me soon. My health is as good as usual. During my furlough I was made an officer consequently my duties are lighter than usual. You may rest assured of my ....(section of letter missing)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e....what I have formerly...\u003cbr\u003e\nfriend \u0026amp; brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThos. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e...difficulty in obtaining them from the post office on account of another cadet's name being Thomas. R. Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am at present living in a room by myself my room mate having resigned in consequence of his father's ill health. The weather has been extremely cold \u0026amp; stormy here for the last few days though at present it is moderating. My studies for the approaching June examination will include Optics Mechanics Astronomy Magnetism \u0026amp; Chemistry together with drawing. I expect to commence taking exercises in riding in a day or two. At the examination last I rose in each of department of my studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA few days since I was called upon to pay the last token of my respect to a friend \u0026amp; fellow classmate in whom were combined both shining talents \u0026amp; the characteristics of a gentleman. His death was much lamented by his class mates who a few days subsequent to his death assembled \u0026amp; appointed a committee to attend to the erection of a monument to his memory. My health is at present as good as usual \u0026amp; I remain your well wishing brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eU.S.M.A. Aug 2nd 1845\u003cbr\u003e\nDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nActuated by a sense of duty I proceed to writing you a few lines hoping that they may find you enjoying the blessings of health and prosperity generally which I have some reason to expect.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou may infer that I am well and enjoying myself very well considering that I am deprived of the blessings of a home the society of the friends of my child-hood the cordial welcome of relatives and above all the presence of an only sister. Times are now far different from what they once were. Once I was in my native state at my adopted home none to give there mandates none for me to obey but as I chose surrounded by my playmates and natives all apparently eager to promote my happiness. But those were the days of my youth they have fled never again to return. They have been succeeded by days of quite a different aspect they have brought forth manhood with all its cares.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have before me two courses either of which I may chose in case that I am blessed with health and long life they are widely different in their natures and consequences. The first I may say would be to follow the profession of arms the second that of a civil pursuit as law. If I should adopt the first I could live independently \u0026amp; surrounded by friends whom I have all ready made have no fear of want, my pay would be be fixed. The principal thing I would have to attend to would be futurity. If I adopt the latter I presume that I would still find plenty of friends but my exertions would have to be great in order to acquire a name. This course is most congenial to my taste and consequently I expect to adopt it after spending a few years in pursuing the former.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have forgotten the contents of my former letter consequently I will mention my standing as it exists at present . In Drawing it is 59th, in Chemistry 25th, in general standing 20th, in Philosophy 11th, in conduct 1st. There are 60 members in my class at present nineteen above me and forty below me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI propose on coming to see my friends and yourself in July next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA member of the Corps was drowned a few days since his body was recovered about 5 days subsequent to the fatal stroke and interred with the honors of war. I had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He was a youth of promise stood high in his class and bid fair for long life. The news must have inflicted a sore wound on the hearts of his parents for he certainly was a favorite child. The corps is at present in mourning for him.There have been a number of distinguished men on the point for some time back among whom was Major General Scott. Many visitors favour us with calls among them are a number of ladies but they are not so fair as the daughters of western Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me frequently as your brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Point U.S.M.A. Nov. 25th 1845\u003cbr\u003e\nDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nIt has been but a few moments since I had the pleasure of receiving your affectionate \u0026amp; sister like letter with it came the blended feelings of satisfaction sorrow and remorse. Satisfaction to think that I still have an existence in the heart of an amiable and admired sister. Sorrow because of your delicate health. Remorse for the misfortunes of an uncle who has been to me a true friend.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs to your health it is my sincere wish that you may again recover it and of which I continue to live in hopes. My constitution as well as your own has received a severe shock but I believe is gradually recovering from its debilitated state. My exercises this year with the broad sword as well as the small are well calculated to strengthen the chest \u0026amp; expand the muscles so that I have some reason to believe that they will have the desired effects of restoring me to perfect health. And I hope that the same kind providence which has preserved us as the remnant of a family up to the present period will again favor us with an interview although in its wisdom it has marked out for us (at least for a period) widely different spheres of action and different places of abode. But I look forward with no small degree of satisfaction to the period when my circumstances will allow me to settle down near you \u0026amp; among my relatives in order to share with yourselves the ineffable pleasures of domestic circles. For your kind advice, and well wishes, you have my hearty thanks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince my last letter I have been transferred to the first section in Ethics \u0026amp; I think that I have probably a mark in it which will place me among the first five in my class in this science \u0026amp; which I consider as preferable to any other in the course.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a young gentleman here by the name of Withers who is from the south he has told me that his father was formerly of Virginia \u0026amp; that he has relatives still living there \u0026amp; that one of them who is a doctor visited his father two or three years since.This youth is an associate of mine \u0026amp; I would be glad to know whether or no he is a relative of mine which I could do probably if I knew the given name of doctor Withers of Fauquier who I know visited the south sometime previous to my coming here. If you recollect the time of his passing through Weston as well as his name I would be glad if you would insert them in your next provided it will be convenient to you though I do not wish you to put yourself to the least trouble on that account as I can obtain them otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is probable that you think hard of me because of my not writing more frequent. But I hope that the strict requirements of many duties as well as want of information \u0026amp; [_____] will prove a partial if not a complete excuse. Give my respects to Mr. Arnold \u0026amp; rest assured of my immutable attachment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e...is a little excitement owing to the proximity of Furlough \u0026amp; graduation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been expecting a letter from you in answer to my last but not knowing what might have occurred I have deemed it best to attempt another hoping that it will meet with better success than the former. [Futile?] may be the effort and feeble it must be [missing word or words] -ation that I but seldom turn my atten[tion] [missing word or words] elegance of [missing]. I hope that you will [missing] it to pass unnoticed. Thought it be divested of ev[ery] artificial merit yet it [be possessed of] a natural....\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRumor appears to indicated a rupture between our government \u0026amp; that of the Mexican. If such should be the case the probability is that I will be ordered to join the army of occupation immediately \u0026amp; if so I will hardly see home until after my return \u0026amp; the next letter that you will receive from me may be dated Texas or Mexico. But be the decre[e?] [missing] all knowing God as they may I hope that [missing] [s]hall ever continue to love you with a [missing].....\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn Board the James L. Day\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 22d 1846\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Uncle\u003cbr\u003e\nI have often thought of writing to you but have deferred it until the present which is the latest news which I will be able of give you previous to leaving the United States. I found after arriving at Fort Columbus that Capt Taylor had left that post from that place. I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where he had taken up his quarters. Leaving there about ten days afterward, I traveled by land about 410 miles to Pittsburgh at which place I embarked on board the steam boat Suatara which conveyed me to Cincinnati. From that city I came to New Orleans on board the steamer Hendrik Hudson. I have just left New Orleans Barracks and am now being transported to Point Isabell which I expect to reach in about 2 or 3 days. I am at present with Captain Taylor (who is a Virginian and a very fine man) 27 men and 84 horses. The principal part of the company is in Mexico at present. I belong to a company of light Artillery which is frequently called flying artillery. In an action if all the officers of the company should be well I will have to carry dispatches being unfortunately too low to have a command. It is possible that before this time General Taylor has had another battle. If he has not already had one it is thought by men of experience that he will have before entering Monterey.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent uncle a few days since tell him if it is not there it to Clarksburg and tell (the merchant) that I wish him to give for it. It will be more to him than. (Note: the sentence contains several words that have been blacked out with ink, thus making the full meaning difficult to determine)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather here is more pleasant than it was in the north before I left there. The city of New Orleans is very healthy and there is no yellow fever in it at present. I am enjoying comparatively good health at present and I do not believe that I have the liver complaint but am under the impression that the disease is neuralgic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my respects to my friends including your family of course and write to me as soon as you [can] ascertain where to direct your letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nP.S. I have arrived in sight of Point Isabel Texas and am now at anchor in a strong gale. The news came aboard yesterday that General Taylor would be ready for a battle on yesterday. The intelligence was by letter from Col. Whiting. I expect soon to start up the Rio Grande by steam for the purpose of joining the main body of the army as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTJJ\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoint Isabel Texas\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 25th/46\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister:\u003cbr\u003e\nI arrived in this port last evening and purposed on writing to you before closing my eyes in sleep but I was prevented from executing my purpose by the impossibility of procuring an idle pen. I have availed myself of this opportunity of writing in particular as it may be the last favorable one for days to come as in this country letters are generally transmitted from one person to another through the kindness of a third person or the quartermasters. How I shall be able to get this to New Orleans I can not say but it must be through one of these channels. There are at present about one hundred vessels in port, some of which I presume will soon sail for New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is useless for me to attempt to give a detailed account or narrative of occurrences since I last parted with you but suffice it to say that I arrived home on the following Monday and on the succeeding Wednesday received orders to report without delay to Capt. Francis Taylor and the following day in compliance with my orders bid farewell to my uncle's family and proceeded to Fort Columbus but on arriving there ascertained that he had left. On receiving this information I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where I found him. From that post in connection with Capt. Taylor thirty men and forty horses I took up march for this place. After traveling upwards of 400 miles by land we reached Pittsburgh where we took water and have finally arrived here after a March of about 36 days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhilst I was in Clarksburg I learned that Mr. McWilliams was still in your house and unable to pay rent for it and I was advised to consult Burtin Despard. He told me that the house could be cleared of its occupants in a short time but that it might cost about fifteen dollars to effect it and if Mr. Arnold should desire him that he would attend to it. And if I had to employ any one he should have the preference in as much as he would in my opinion effect it in a shorter time than any other attorney in Clarksburg. The lot which you were speaking of purchasing he told me that in his opinion you could not get a good title for it if you should purchase it because it is already covered by three deeds of trust. Any further information upon the subject can be obtained by applying to Mr. Despard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not yet landed but an officer of the Quartermasters Department has been aboard and stated that General Taylor had observed that he would be ready for another battle by yesterday. This news came by letter from Col. Whiting. Whether the Battle came off or not I can not say.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI belong to K company 1st Artillery which to use the common phrase is a flying company of Artillery. I could say much more but I am writing in a strong gale of wind and where things are all confusion. I am in hopes of starting up the Rio Grande tomorrow and on reaching General Taylor as soon as possible. I wish you to write to me soon directing your letter to Lieut T.J. Jackson, Comp K, 1st Artillery, Army of Occupation Mexico. It may reach me but not with certainty. My health is better than it has been for some time. Give my respects to the good people of Beverly they still occupy a high place in my esteem especially your amiable husband whose kindness as well as yours has been indelibly written on my heart and memory.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI now send you the long delayed letter and hope that you will pardon my procrastination since I last wrote to you. I have been at Matamoras Camargo Monterey and Saltillo and the intermediate towns. At present I can not conveniently give you a general idea of the portions of Mexico which have fallen under my observation but hope to do so at some future day when things are more settled than at present and I also purpose on writing to you more frequently.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt would have [afforded] me much pleasure to have been with the gallant and victorious General Taylor at the battle of Buena Vista in which he has acquired laurels as imperishable as he history which shall record the invasion of Mexico by our victorious armies. But I was ordered away from Saltillo in January last and I believe for the best inasmuch as I am now with the most important portion of the army and on the most important line of operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am now encamped on the road leading from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico. Our troops landed about two miles from the former city on the ninth inst and on the same night were fired on by the Mexicans. On the following day we commenced surrounding the city and operating against it. The operations after the [investment] was completed consisted principally in bombarding and cannonading which were continued until not only the city but the castle of San Juan Dulloa agreed to surrender. The capitulation occurred yesterday. The terms are that all the public property falls into our hands, the troops march out under the condition of not serving against us during the present war unless exchanged. The troops marched out yesterday and surrendered their arms and we took possession immediately. This capitulation has thrown into our hands the strong hold of this republic and being a regular [siege] in connection with other circumstances must in my opinion excel any military operations known in the history of our country. I approve of all except allowing the enemy to retire that I can not approve of in as much as we had them secure and could have taken them prisoners of war unconditionally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOur loss is not accurately known nor that of the enemy either yet but in my estimation ours can not exceed twenty men in killed, we lost only two captains (Capt Vinton of the artillery and Capt Alburtis of the infantry). I have been in the city and was much surprised at its strength. It is surrounded on the land side by a wall about 10 feet high and a series of forts and on the other side is protected by the castle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou asked me whether I belonged to General Worth's division. I had the honor of being in it so long as it existed but it has been broken up during the past siege. I was part of the time with him and part of the time with General Twigs. Whilst I was at the advanced batteries a cannon ball came in about five steps of me. I presume that you think my name ought to appear in the papers but when you come to consider the composition of our army you will entertain different views. Its composition is such that those who have independent commands only are as a general rule spoken of for instance Ridgely May [Bra--] Duncan Ringold Smith all commanded companies. If an officer wishes to distinguish himself he must remain long in service until he obtains rank then he obtains the praise not only for his efforts but for the efforts of the officers and men under him. That portion of praise which may be due to me must of course go to those above me or be included in the praise given to the army.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health is extremely good. I probably look better than I have for years. I expect to remain in Mexico for the remainder of the war and expect to move forward with the leading Brigade. I expect to be promoted in a short time to a second lieutenancy. This will probably occasion me to leave the light battery but it will give me more rank which is of the greatest importance in the army.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me in the warmest terms to Mr. Arnold and all my other friends. I rejoice at your prosperity and hope and doubt not that it will continue. I hope soon to march forward towards the city of Mexico. Vera Cruz continues healthy. I intend writing soon and more frequently as my feelings incline me to and as a brother ought. Your last letters coming in such quick succession served as a just rebuke but my means for writing are poor. Even now I am using a box for a chair and my camp bedstead as a writing desk and think myself comfortably situated. You have all the conveniences necessary and I hope that you will use them to write often to one who esteems you above all.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamp near Vera Cruz Mexico\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 30th 1847\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir:\u003cbr\u003e\nHaving in compliance with written instructions from Capt Francis Taylor 1st Arty performed the duties of QrMaster from the 14th of August 1846 to include the 22d of the same month and from the 16th of Oct to include the 28th of November of the same year. The above duty was performed whilst on march from Fort Hamilton NY to Monterey Mexico and I have the honor to request that I may be allowed the usual compensation for the same.\u003cbr\u003e\nVery respectfully\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Obt Servt\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt 1st Arty\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJalapa Mexico\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 22d 1847\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI promised in my last that I would give you a more detailed account of Mexico in a subsequent letter. I will now endeavor to comply with that promise. In doing so I will first state in general terms that the portion of Northern Mexico which has fallen under my observation is mostly a vast barren waste cities excepted. There are but two seasons in Mexico wet \u0026amp; dry. In consequence of the drought there is but little vegetation in the north. A person in traveling through this sterile portion of country would not suppose that the country inhabitants were able to pay their taxes. But in the cities it is different. There wealth is frequently found one person residing in Saltillo is said to own a larger area of land than the state of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBut passing to the south the aspect of things change. You frequently {see} elegant buildings in the country. Genl Santa Anna owns between this place \u0026amp; Vera Cruz 5 beautiful houses and a tract of land about fifty five miles in length. The country in the south is very similar to our own. Whilst I was in Monterey my quarters were in the outskirts of the city having a large back lot attached which contained beautiful orange orchard. Also in this lot was a fine bathing establishment the dimensions being about 25 by 30 ft. Monterey is the most beautiful city which I have seen in the North of this distracted country.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbout 50 miles farther west is Saltillo the capital of Coahuila. Its [height] is about 2000 feet above the level of Monterey on an inclined plane at the edge of the table lands. The houses are generally built of sun dried brick as are most of the houses in that region. The church is the most highly ornamented on the interior of any edifice which has ever come under my observation. On entering this magnificent structure we are struck with the gaudy appearance on every side but most especially the opposite end which appears to be gilded with gold. At the bottom is a magnificent silver altar and on each side are statues which can not fail to attract the attention of the astonished beholder. The music is of the highest character. The priests are robed in the most gaudy of apparel. The inhabitants take off their hats on approaching the church and do not replace them until past it. One day whilst I was near the building I observed a señora (lady) gradually approaching the door on another occasion I saw a female looking at a statue and weeping like a child. Such is the superstition of this race.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter obtaining a [limited] transportation for General Twigg's division it set forward for Jalapa on the road leading to the city of Mexico. But on arriving near Cerro Gordo we learned that General Santa Anna held the pass in force consequently we waited for reinforcements which finally arrived and on the 17nst we attacked the Mexicans but did not succeed in routing them completely until the 18th when we took some thousand prisoners and completely routed the remainder. We followed close on the retreating column until night and came near enough to give the retreating enemy a few shots from the battery. But they succeeded in effecting their escape for want of our dragoons. General Scott after disarming the prisoners allowed them to retire the officers on [parole]. But General La Vega who is again our prisoner refused to except of his and I presume that he will be sent back to the U.S. Our loss has been considerable but not known neither is the Mexican. General Santa Anna escaped but in his haste left us his carriage \u0026amp; together with some thousand dollars in specie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Twiggs' division has fought the battle. General Worth has again got a division but he did not get it into action owing to its being used as a reserve and General Twiggs' as the advance. Capt Taylor in his report to General Twiggs has spoken of me in very flattering terms. I am now in Jalapa which is situated about 60 miles from Vera Cruz and 195 from the city of Mexico. General Worth is now in advance and if there is any fighting at Perote he will be apt to distinguish himself. He will probably be in the vicinity of Perote tomorrow at farthest and possibly today. It is rumored here that the Mexicans are fortifying their capital if so then we may have the grand battle there. A Mexican officer came here last evening from the city of Mexico and stated that his father had written to him from San [Louis] stating that General Taylor was there \u0026amp; had met with no opposition.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI can say no more as I have just learned that the escort by which I wish to send this has started because I must mount my horse \u0026amp; over take it or miss a good opportunity. I am in better health than usual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJalapa, May 25th, 1847\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLovely Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have the mortification of being left to garrison the town of Jalapa. Capt Taylor used his influence to keep me with him in which event I should have gone forward. But [Col. Childs] who was made military governor of this place got General Scott to issue an order requiring me to join my company which was under the command of the governor. Not withstanding my present situation I have some hope of getting forward by-and-by when more troops get in from the states. But all this is with General Scott. I throw myself into the hands of an all wise God and hope that it may yet be for the better. It may have been one of [His] means of diminishing my excessive ambition and after having accomplished his purpose whatever it may be he then in his infinite wisdom may gratify my desire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe army was to move at the time which I mentioned but General Scott concluded to disband the volunteers as their time had nearly expired and this so much diminished our force that we delayed the advance until a couple of days since. General Scott left on Sunday with an escort following in the wake of his troops. General Worth has been in Puebla for about 10 days. Santa Anna marched from Orezaba and commenced fortifying about half way between the cities of Puebla and Mexico but owing to some [cause] he relinquished it and marched into the capital left the army and is now in the presidential chair. As to his motives I cannot say anything further. But I suppose that he thinks that his influence will be more powerful there than elsewhere. The people here think him an infamous man. An election was held on the 15th for president and Herera was the successful candidate but will not take his seat for a few months yet.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am in fine quarters and making rapid progress in the Spanish language and have an idea of making some female acquaintances shortly. I see many things here of interest by the way of ornament and fruits and wish that I only had an opportunity of sending some to you and Thomas. I well know that he would like to have a ranchero (Mexican) on horse back followed by some large dogs. I would be much pleased to hear from Wirt poor fellow?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my respects to your estimable husband. I want to hear whether the reports about Uncles Cummins \u0026amp; Edward are true. I think of you often and my heart more than once upbraided me for my neglect to you. But I feared to inform you of things as they were in this unholy land. Your Brother always.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCity of Mexico\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 28th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDearest Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nThe mail came on the 26th and in vain I searched the post office thrice for a line from you and consequently sorrowfully commenced my letter to you but on leaving my desk for a few hours on business was agreeably surprised on my return to find your letter mysteriously placed on my table. And now whilst I recommence with joy inexpressible for tongue or pen at hearing of your life still being prolonged I am also most deeply affected with heartfelt sorrow at the words which say \"I may not live to receive your answer.\" But I hope that these words imply nothing beyond what they literally state. To God this is the earnest prayer of your brother. But if he in his great wisdom has afflicted you with disease incurable then may he in his infinite goodness receive you into his heavenly abode where though I should be deprived of you here in this world of care yet I should hope to meet with you in a land where care and sorrow are unknown there with a mother a brother a sister yourself and I hope a father to live in a state of felicity uncontaminated by mortality.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet not this letter trouble you dearest sister for I could not write one of a different cast with a clear conscience when you speak to me so ominously. But do not be [deterred] by any cause from saying to me plainly that I am sick or that I am well for ambiguity in relation to you is very painful to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou appear to think hard of my not writing more frequently but I have not only written by every mail but on one occasion sent by a Spanish friend in [five]. I have embraced every opportunity to say to you that I am in such or such a state of health. But for the future the intention is to send the mail by escorts twice a month on the first and fifteenth so that you may expect to hear from me by every mail until I am ordered from this city which may and which may not be at all as I am in General Smith's brigade and he is governor of the city. I am first Lieutenant and belong to Capt. Taylor's Battery. I hope the war may soon terminate but do not entertain much hope although the terms of a treaty have been sent to Washington and at present an armistice is being made or has been concluded but as yet is not public. Santa Anna has asked of his government a passport for the purpose of leaving the country and it was granted to him on the 13th inst. But it is doubtful whether he will go as several of the states have expressed themselves favorably to him and [------------] has offered him an asylum.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf we both live I expect to see you. Do not allow my words about marrying in Mexico to disturb you. I have sometimes thought of staying here and again of going home. I have no tie in this country equal to you. You speak of my fine horse as in your opinion being rather extravagant but if an officer wishes to appear best he should appear well in everything. I bought the horse having plenty of money and need of [ ] and have since been offered three hundred and fifty dollars for him, that is a hundred and seventy more than I gave and can at any time get more than I gave. My pay whilst with Capt. Magruder was one hundred and four dollars per month and I expect it will soon be the same here but at present it is only about ninety so that I have plenty of money and am in the long run economical although it would not appear to you so as here everything is dear and with you cheap. I dress as a gentleman should who wishes to be received as such. I do not gamble nor spend my money as I think foolishly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am very desirous of peace as it may be better for the United States \u0026amp; it may give me an opportunity of again entering your hospitable house \u0026amp; having that sight most delightful of all other earthly ones that is of my sister. My health I think is improving in this country and at all events my knowledge of Spanish is. As I shall have a better idea when the mail will start hereafter I shall try and send you more interesting letters. Remember me to Mr. Arnold \u0026amp; friends in the warmest terms. Your brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCity of Mexico. March 23, 1848.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have written a letter to Mr. Arnold and requested to be remembered to you in it but since finishing it I have concluded to send you one also. I received your letter of January 14th but the paper from Mr. Arnold did not come to hand but still I am as much obliged to him as though it had and trust that he will send others as they may have better success.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI thought at one time of writing a journal but I can not find the time as although I am usually up at six o'clock and retire to bed at ten and eleven still the day is not long enough. The morning hours I occupy in studies \u0026amp; business and the evening in a similar manner but generally taking a walk after dinner and sometimes a ride on the Passeo or elsewhere in the evening. The Passeo is a wide road on the south west of the city and about a half of a mile in length with a beautiful fountain in the center and is a place of fashionable resort. Families of wealth appear there in the carriages at sunset partly if not entirely for show. There is also a place of morning resort between the city and the Passeo called the Almeda which is a beautiful grove of about four hundred by six hundred yards and containing I think eight fountains. At the central one is celebrated the anniversary of Mexican independence and from this which is the largest beautiful walks diverge to the different outlets (the grove being surrounded by a wall). I purpose on riding to both these places this evening hoping to see something there more attractive than at home. When not on duty I generally pay a visit after supper or tea. Among those families which I visit are some of the first in the republic as Don Lucas Aleman Martinez del Rio and I also have the acquaintance of others of some distinction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy studies are now principally directed to the formation of my manners and the rules of society and a more thorough knowledge of human nature and the latter I perceive from your letter meets with your approbation and I doubt not but that the former two objects will also as they are very important to a man's success in life. You will pardon me for the mistake I have made in turning the leaves of this sheet. But returning to my subject this country offers me greater advantages for acquiring graces than I will probably ever meet with again unless I should visit Europe. The book which I am studying is Lord Chesterfield's letters to his son translated into Spanish so that whilst I am obtaining his thoughts I am also acquiring a knowledge of the Spanish tongue. I have also purchased the work in English and after having read it in Spanish I then purpose on reading it in English. Subsequent to this I shall study Shakespeare's works which I purchased a few days since and then if I can obtain good histories I wish to devote some time to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf Uncle Cummins \u0026amp; Edward should leave Lewis I wish you would get Uncle Edward to box up my books which are in his possession and send them to you. I hope that you will try and write me a letter once a week. I should write more frequently to you if an opportunity offered of sending letters more than twice a month. Owing to my knowledge of the language of the country and the acquaintances which I have made I think that I pass my time more agreeably than the greater portion of the officers of the Army, but if your company could also be had I would spend my hours still more agreeably. My love to all enquiring friends. My health is as good if not better than usual. General Scott's case has been investigated. The charges against Col. Duncan were withdrawn. Also General Worth withdrew his against General Scott. General Pillow's case is now being investigated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Palace Mexico. April 10, 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nAs three successive mails have arrived, without bringing a single letter from you, I am (and I think not without reason) uneasy about your health. As I do not know of any other reason but bad health which could have prevented your writing to a brother who is interested in everything that interests you. And I hope that if you have any regard for my peace of mind that you will write at least once every fortnight. If your health forbids your writing at any time, then get someone to write for you, if it should be but a dozen lines. I do not think that a regular mail has left this city, without carrying a letter for you from me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe treaty has arrived from Washington, with its amendments. Many think that it will receive the ratification of this government. But some think that it will not. For my own part I hope it will. Mr. Sevier I presume will be here in a few days. At last dates from Queretaro there were wanting fifteen congressmen, and three senators to complete the quorum. We have received news here of a battle at [Chiguagua], in which we took fourteen pieces of artillery from the enemy. I am at present studying Humboldt's history of Mexico, in Spanish. The rain is quite abundant here at present and interferes somewhat with my evening visits. It is believed that our presence here is destroying the extreme superstition of this country. But not withstanding the influence of our presence, the natives still with uncovered heads drop on their knees, at the approach of the Archbishop's carriage; which is recognized by its being drawn by two spotted mules.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Pillow's trial is not yet finished and the general opinion is that it will be terminated in the United States. We are told here that our people at home, think that the army do not wish to return from Mexico, but if such is the truth they are much mistaken. An expedition started a few days since, for [Popocatepitl] which is a volcanic mountain to the S.E. of and in full view of this city, and which still issues clouds of smoke at times. I should probably have gone my self, but as the temperature is so extremely low, resulting from the crest being capped with snow, I feared that my health might suffer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn conformity with the armistice, the Mexicans have taken possession of their archives, and have resumed the civil administration of their government. Santa Anna at last news, was at his hacienda near Jalapa (Encerro) again bidding adieu to his country. Whilst at his hacienda he received the visits of Colonel Hews, and several other American officers. General Valencia died a few days since in this city, the news of which proved fatal to his daughter, who died a few hours subsequent to its reception. I have heard of no other who mourned his fate. The general hospital is ordered to be moved to Jalapa, and General Patterson I believe will go down at the same time, to take command of the station. This movement appears to indicate an anticipation of leaving the country.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me to Mr. Arnold, Thomas and other friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCity of Mexico. May 20th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Secretary of War having informed me by letter of the 20th of April ult. that I have been appointed by the President Assistant Commissary of Subsistence I have the honor to notify you for the information of the war department that I have accepted the appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sir very respectfully your obdt. servt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\n1st Lt. 1st Arty Genl. R. Jones\u003cbr\u003e\nAdjt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGovernors Island\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 26th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nFinally I have arrived at this station which is in sight of the city of New York. I have had some hopes of visiting you this fall but I have not been able to arrange my affairs here for that purpose and consequently I can not say when I will be able to visit those of whom I so frequently think and so much desire to be with. I presume that I could get home this winter by making sacrifices which I ought not to make, for instance if I should leave some other officer might be attached during my absence who would rank me in case of his remaining with the company after my return. I do not believe that Capt. Taylor would give his sanction to any officers coming to the company who would rank me, so long as I remain with the company or so long as there are officers enough with it, but my absence might reduce the number of officers so much as to render another officer necessary to the company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBut I am in hopes that next summer I shall be able to see you and if so I purpose on visiting the springs at several places and visiting those parts of Virginia most remarkable such as the Natural Bridge. You will please let me know the distance from Beverly to Staunton, \u0026amp; the time in which the stage [visits] it, and also the distance from Beverly to the White Sulphur Springs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs yet I do not know where I will be stationed. I hope that ere this your eyes are perfectly recovered. I am still getting better. I have been brevetted a captain though as yet it is not published. Write frequently to your brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarlisle Barracks Penn\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 5th 1848\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI had the pleasure of receiving your letter directed to New York but the same day I received orders to attend as a member of a general court martial at this place which is about a hundred miles distant (east) of Pittsburgh {following 17 words are marked out with heavy ink}...in your own house on the 10th of October which is earlier than you even requested. As I have already given you my reasons for not coming this fall it is unnecessary to state that I may make sacrifices in visiting you. But on reading your letter I concluded that I would use my influence to do that which I so much desire to do (to visit you). But as yet, the court has not adjourned, and I have not yet got my leave of absence granted, but Capt. Taylor told me that he would not only approve of it, but recommend it, but before I can get it, I must obtain the permission of the Colonel of my Regt. and of the Secretary of War. But should I not arrive by the time specified, do not have anxiety about it. If it be unsuccessful the fault shall not be mine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are many very interesting ladies here, and there has been almost a soiree every day since my arrival, and at which I have enjoyed myself well. When I obtain my leave, should I get it, you must not expect me to stay with you more than a month. And I hope that your health will be much improved by that time. You need not write to me, until you receive another letter from me, as I cannot say where I may be any coming day. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, your family, and my other friends. My health I think, is still improving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor. Jany 1st 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI suppose that you begin to think it time, that I should write, but I am not certain that my physician agrees with you about that as he has been cautioning me about confining my mind too much. But at all events, I shall venture to say, that I am still living, and with the blessings of God, hope to live, for some years to come. My physician has pronounced my lungs and liver sound, and that the liver has only been sympathetically affected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI saw about that claim of [Warren's], and it is worth nothing, the Sheriff having failed to make his certificate. Whilst in Richmond, I called on Mr. Carlisle, and was received by him, in a very cordial manner, and during my stay there, he allowed no opportunity to pass unimproved, in which he could manifest his kindness. The night after I left your house I passed out at the head of the Valley river, and the next morning was in about 17 miles of Huntersville. But not withstanding I reached the Hot Springs too late for the Wednesday's stage, and consequently had to wait until Friday.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am as you have observed at Fort Hamilton, which is on Long Island about ten miles below the city of New York, and on the east bank of the Hudson River. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the children \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton. Feby 1st 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have more than once thought of your request to write to you and give you the fashions, but such would be a difficult thing for me to do as I do not know even so much as the name of the different parts of a ladies apparel. I in the matter of dress agree perfectly with the Parisians (who not only give the fashions for New York City, but for the civilized world) that a person ought to adopt such a style of dress as is most becoming the particular individual and not that which is adopted by the greater portion of mankind, unless it should be at least reasonably suited to your complexion, height, figure \u0026amp;.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have begun my historical studies having read about one fourth of Ro[bi]ns Ancient History. If Mr. Arnold can prevail on the wagoner who may bring my books to Cumberland, to put the box in the office of Adams \u0026amp; Co. who have an office in Cumberland, and a train of cars running from there to New York, he will secure them to me more effectually than in any other way. Let the man take a receipt for them, and forward it to me at this place. The box should be marked as follows: Captain T.J. Jackson, care of the Quartermaster in New York City, N.Y. The manner in which the company do business, is to give a receipt when any thing is delivered at the office and then to turn over the article when the receipt is presented, and if the article should get lost to pay the owner for it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe cholera has entirely disappeared from this place (Quarantine). The weather is quite disagreeable. I caught the rheumatism in your salubrious mountain air, which is harassing me no little. I am gaining strength and flesh. If Mr. Gibson will write to Captain Arnold, who is at Fort Monroe Va I am of the opinion, that he will get some information in relation to the ammunition which was charged to his brother, as he was a lieutenant in Arnold's Company. I am well fixed here, having my rooms both carpeted and decently furnished. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the family, Aunt White, Uncle, and our other relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. The gold fever is running very high here. I have conversed with Mr. Lo[e]ser, an officer of the Army from California, who says that a person can gather on an average about seventy five dollars per day, and that the climate is most delightful, the thermometer standing at from 60 to 70 degrees. As you may not know much about Thermometers, it may not be amiss for me to state, that the higher the thermometer stands, the warmer the weather is. Fahrenheit's thermometer which is the one commonly used in this country and the one referred to above, stands at 32 degrees when water freezes, at 55 degrees the air is temperate, at 75 degrees the air is at summer heat, at 95 degrees the air is at blood heat, and at 212 degrees the air would be at the temperature of boiling water. From the foregoing you observe that the climate referred to must be charming.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor April 27th 1849\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nOwing to a desire to secure some catalogs for Mr. Arnold, I have not written earlier. Yesterday, I went to Harper and Brothers Book store; but he had none on hand; but said that he would have in a few days. I obtained one from Appleton's Book establishment and shall forward it by the same mail as this letter. It do not contain all his books, when I shall have obtained one from Harper, I shall also forward it. And if Mr. Arnold shall want any books that may not be found in either of them, let me know what ones they are, and I believe that I can find it in some part of the city.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour request had not yet been complied with, but I rely on your generosity of character; as my strength has forbid much exercise, and especially walking on the hard pavements of N.Y. city. But I am improving in both flesh and strength and I hope in health also. I am now under the care of one of the first medical men of N.Y. city. I have lately commenced visiting more frequently, and every few evenings receive an invitation to some social party. Yesterday whilst walking through the city, I thought of the pleasure which I would derive from sharing the contemplations of its beauties and wonders with you. Naturally I recalled to mind, and applied to N.Y. what the Frenchman asserted of Paris, when he said that when a man had seen Paris, that he had seen all the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn New York may be found all most anything which the inclinations may desire; but peaceful quiet: every thing is in motion, every thing is alive with animation. In its busy throng, none feel the long tedious hour; even the invalid for the time forgets his infirmities, and with wondering admiration contemplates the surrounding scene.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrequently you are the subject of my thoughts, and if you were only within reach of rapid communication would receive more frequent visits. The weather is moderating here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, June 12th/49\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nDoubtless you are expecting an answer to your last, and in truth, not without reason; as I have not written for more than two months. But my silence has not originated from your not replying to my former letters, but is due to other causes, such as weak eyes and pressure of business, as I have to discharge the duties of Quartermaster \u0026amp; Commissary in addition to my other company duties, and from such causes I have now a number of unanswered letters on hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish when practicable to write to you once every month, and I do not wish you to reply unless your eyes will admit of it without pain, because I prefer that your health should be preserved to any other Earthly consideration, and I hope that you will not strain your eyes on any account whatever. We can not appreciate our blessings unless deprived of them. My health is improving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI forward to Mr. Arnold a catalogue of Harper's publications. If there is anything in it which he wishes, I hope that he will not fail to let me know. When you get possession of my books, I wish that you would retain them until I see you, or write relative to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not subscribed for Graham's magazine, but will do so if you desire. I merely sent a copy in order to see how you would like it. I hope to send you a copy or number(?) of the Lady's Book which some prefer to Graham's, though I can not say which is best, but when you shall have received it, you can judge for yourself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have received my commission as Brevet Major, and am gratified that you had an opportunity of doing Judge Lee a favor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent a fifty dollar bank draft to Sylvanus White, with a request that he would pay Miss Caroline Norris a small sum, I think 2.50, 3.00 or 3.50 cts, which she let me have for the purpose of making a small purchase, which I did not make; and as I have heard nothing of him  since, and as some months have elapsed, I fear that something may be wrong. I wish that you would ask Miss Eliza Norris about it, and if Sylvanus has not settled it, I wish that you would. If at any time, you should not receive an expected letter, try and make yourself easy, as in case of any accident happening to me, I have friends who would not fail to give the necessary information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Cholera in the city is on the decline. I have no dread of it as I believe that those who keep their system in a healthy state have but little to fear.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour sincere brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, Monday, July 2/49\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe morning duties ended, and through the blessings of that all Ruling Being, I'm allowed the privilege and pleasure communing with you. I received some days since, a letter from John White informing me of your visit to him and of the news of his vicinity, but which it is not necessary to mention as I presume that all is probably already known to you. I was gratified to learn that Uncle C.E. had been released from the [illegible], and had left Lewis for a more congenial clime. I also received a letter from cousin Elizabeth [Griss], informing me of the marriage of cousin Indas (her sister), of her own recovered health and of the prospects of her promising brothers Ben and William. She also stated that the health of Aunt and Uncle Williams was good. But she had not heard from you, since my visit. If your eyes should become so, as to allow of your writing without pain, then try and drop her a note for truly she is one of your friends. But I hope that you will not strain your eyes for the purpose of writing to anyone. You can at least send her your card and an occasional messages by some of the Lawyers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel much concern about your eyes, for I fear you will strain them. Remember that the best physicians are opposed to straining that important organ and when it fails or begins to fail naturally that they recommend spectacles. But this should be the last resort, and should only be used when necessary : for instance, some persons can walk about, out of doors and in doors without the light hurting their eyes: but must use this auxiliary in reading. The great objection to spectacles is that when their use is once commenced, it must be generally continued through life. A person when selecting a pair should select the lowest number, which will answer the proposed end and then as circumstances require, increase it. But I would advise you not to use them as long as you can do without them (at the same time avoiding pain).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy eyes were so weak some months since that I could not look long at objects through the window and to look out of doors was frequently painful, though but for a moment, and I was reduced to the necessity of masking my looking glass on account of its reflection, and I could not look at a candle, not even for a second, without pain. I consulted my physician and he told me not to use them, and at the same time to avoid spectacles. I did so and at present can read a letter of three or four pages without feeling any inconvenience of consequence. My health is improving and my strength adhered to my wholesome diet, of stale bread and plainly dressed meat (having nothing on it but salt), that I prefer it now to almost anything else. The other evening, I tasted a piece of bread with butter on it and then the bread without it, and rather gave my preference to the unbuttered bread; and hence I may never taste any more of this once much relished seasoning. And I think if you would adopt for your breakfast a cup of moderately strong black tea, stale wheat bread (wheat bread, raised and not less that 24 hours old) fresh meat, broiled or roasted is best, the yolk of one or two eggs (the white is hardly worth eating as it requires digestion and affords but little nutrition). For dinner the same kind of bread \u0026amp; meat, one vegetable only, say peas, beans or this years potatoes, and for drink plain water. For tea, the same kind of bread and drink as for breakfast and nothing else, unless you choose a little butter. The great beauty of the foregoing is that it furnishes all the nutrition which food can give and at the same time does not interfere in the digestive process like other substances such as salt meats, cabbage, lettuce, desert (such as pies, preserves, nuts, and all kinds of sweetmeats). Of what I have recommended, you can eat as much as your appetite craves, provided that you take regular meals, and plenty of exercise, say not less than three hours per day. I presume that your daily duties require you to be moving probably that much. Salt meats may be eaten, but fresh is preferable, and I regard green tea \u0026amp; coffee so injurious to the nerves that you should always prefer water to either. Now if you can make up your mind to adopt the foregoing for one year, I think that you will probably never wish to change it, and that after using such a diet for two or three months that you may experience marked advantage from it, but you must bear in mind that your meals must be at fixed hours. If you arise at seven five or six O'clock and go to bed at nine or ten, then seven would be a good hour for breakfast, one for dinner and seven for tea. And you ought to always retire to bed before eleven. If you should conclude to adopt the forgoing, do not taste other things of which you are fond: unless it be fruits and those should be ripe. I think that a small quantity of fruit eaten when ripe and in the fore part of the day, is advantageous. You should try and forget that you are infirm and pay no attention to your symptoms as most any person can by being too attentive to every little pain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember that good wholesome food taken at proper times is one of the best of medicines. I shall have hopes of your improvement when you have resolved to taste nothing of which you are fond, except such things as I have mentioned. If you commence on this diet, remember that it is like a man joining the temperance society; if he afterwards tastes liquor, he is gone.\u003cbr\u003eT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton April 1st 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter came to safe to hand, and with pleasure its contents were read. During the past month, our stables were burned. All the horses were saved, though mine, with some others, were injured a little. The damage was near four thousand dollars.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI regret to say that circumstances will prevent my return home this summer, but on the 1st of October, I expect to be ordered to Fort Washington, opposite Mount Vernon, where I expect to get a leave, and visit you during some portion of that month.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health continues to improve. My muscles have become quite solid. My exercises are of a violent character, when the chill blain {chilblain} on my feet do not prevent it. I hope that Little Ann has entirely recovered.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen I make my proposed visit, I shall endeavor to take with me such things as your letter has specified, provided that they are attainable. Some of them may be difficult to get. My past winter has been much more pleasant than the preceding. The weather here is at present delightful; but in a few days it may be the reverse as it is much influenced here on the Sea Board, by the direction of the winds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn Thursday last, I, in company with 18 others had a grand sleigh ride, it was the best snow of the season, but in 24 hours, there was hardly a trace of it to be found.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSincerely your Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas P.S. Remember me to Mr. A. and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 24, 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Uncle,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have with pleasure received, and read your very kind letter, but it was a pleasure mingled with pain at seeing those passages, which spoke of the death of friends and relatives. Though the rumor of uncle Cummins' death may be true, yet I cannot believe it without further evidence. I shall write to California and try to ascertain. I hope that no decree will be obtained for settling his property, but should such authority be obtained, then will not some of his friends who have means come forward and prevent its sacrifice. Certainly if he has a friend, now it the time for its manifestation. You spoke of my giving assistance, but my pecuniary affairs are so arranged that I have not ten dollars in cash which I can call my own.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is no man on Earth, whom I would befriend sooner than Uncle Cummins. Let me know who have betrayed him and in what he has been betrayed, give me a full history of names and facts as soon as possible; and strain every nerve to prevent the granting of the decree. I expect to return home in the Fall, when I will see what can be done; though I fear that I will not be able to do any thing, but I can not tell what good luck I may meet with by that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI believe that I will leave my horse in the possession of McLean until then. I am in much better health then when we parted and hope through the blessings of a kind Providence soon to be restored to perfect health. I have not received a single line from California. I have a delightful station and hope to pass a pleasant Summer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me kindly to Aunt and other relatives and friends.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour nephew\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlattsburg Barracks N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 10th 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou observe that I am now on the border of Canada, it is for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health is still improving and in a short time I expect to return home to Fort Hamilton. In coming to this place I have passed some charming scenery. This place is on the Western bank of Lake Champlain. I should like very much to visit Montreal and Quebec before returning South, but want of time and money will prevent it. On my way here I saw the old Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point. And in front of this Garrison, was fought the great Naval action of the late war.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me kindly to Mr. A and Family.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour brother Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 20th 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir,\u003cbr\u003e\nI herewith enclose an Invoice of Public Property, directed to your address, and turned over this day to Genl. H. Whiting, Asst. Qtr.Mstr. Genl.,for transportation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour obedient servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\n1st Lt. \u0026amp; Bvt.Maj. 1st Arty.\u003cbr\u003e\nA. A. Qtr.Mstr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo S. Lansing Jr. Esq.\u003cbr\u003e\nMil. Storekeeper\u003cbr\u003e\nU.S. Arsenal Watervliet Troy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have received yours and in reply, can say that my health is still improving. Your requests shall be attended to, but it will be necessary to wait until my arrival; as I know of no safe mode of conveyance. You speak of your fruit and flowers. I cannot indulge in the luxury of the former, but of the latter, I take great interest and I hope that you may always cultivate them. It shows a refined taste to abound in admiration for the beautiful, and it has the additional advantage of endearing children to their home. With pleasure they must through different periods of their lives look back to their garden filled with beautiful flowers. And when they see the same flowers, even in distant countries, how vividly will it recall to mind their home, their Mother, Father, brothers, sisters, and all their early associations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will not get home this summer, but have some hopes of coming in October, but I can not say what the result will be. How can I get through those mountains during the Winter season.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that I could come and spend the entire winter with you, but such I fear will be impractical. Do not make any calculations, but expect me when circumstances will best admit of my taking a leave. I have recently received a letter from uncle John White and Aunt Catherine. The family is well, uncle Jack and Aunt Nancy are dead.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUncle had recently received a letter from our cousins in California and they say that Uncle Cummins is undoubtedly dead. This is news which goes to my heart, uncle was a father to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI want to bring Thomas a good violin, if neither you nor Mr. A. has any objection to his learning to play on one. Remember me kindly to Mr. A. and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Ontario N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 10th 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou are probably surprised at hearing from me so frequently at different points as a member of Courts Martial. I am now about twelve hours from Niagara Falls, and consequently intend visiting them before returning home. I will leave here in the evening and be at the Falls next morning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Court will probably remain in session for several days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFort Ontario is situated on the lake of the same name and in view of the city of Oswego.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf circumstances permit me to return home to Va. this coming fall, how can I get to your town most conveniently from Washington City. My health is still improving, but is as yet so delicate as to render much regularity necessary, and it is probable that I am more particular in my rules that any person of your acquaintance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI fear that I will be much exposed in crossing the mountains, unless there is a stage line through from Eastern Virginia. When you write, let me know what kind of flowers, plants, \u0026amp; are in your garden and what kind you would like for me to bring. I expect that I can obtain almost every description in New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am to commence staying at a water cure establishment this evening where I expect to remain during my stay here. I have great faith in them for such infirmities as mine. I have been for some months adopting it to a certain extent, and with advantage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Point N.Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 3rd 1850\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am again at my first Military station, and a very pleasant visit it is. Here I see objects which recall many pleasant \u0026amp; agreeable associations of my youth, but it is my lot to meet but few of my comrades of those bygone days. All other things are visible, though changed. One of my former Barracks is torn down and another constructed. But among the existing and unaltered objects are the garden of Kosciuszko, his monument, Fort Putnam, in which Andre was confined and from which Arnold escaped after his unsuccessful attempt to sell his command. Here too is the Plain, the Military works and above all, its grand and lofty mountains. I am on a Genl. C. Martial, which will soon adjourn.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been quite unwell and had it not have been for my judicious application of water, I can not say what would have been the consequence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade, Fla.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeb. 25th 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have just received your communication of the 4th inst. containing the kind proposition of bringing my name before the Board of Visitors of the V. M. Institute as a candidate for the Professorship of Nat. \u0026amp; Exp. Phil.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough strong ties bind me to the Army, yet I can not consent to decline so flattering an offer. Please present my name to the Board and accept my thanks for your kindness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade Fla.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 2nd 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate letter has been received, and read with much pleasure. I should think from the character of them, (the last few) that your health has improved very much; although you do not say so in so many words.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have hopes of being able to live near you for a while. I received a letter from Col. Smith, the Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, in which he kindly offers to present my name to the Board of Visitors in June next, as a candidate for the Professorship in Natural and Experimental Philosophy in the Institute. I have accepted his offer; but am unable to say whether I shall be elected. If I knew who would compose the Board, then I could form a better idea. If I have a few friends on it, my chance will probably be good. I consider the situation both conspicuous and desirable. I will be in about 150 or 160 miles from you, will have quarters, and receive twelve hundred dollars per year. Philosophy is my favorite subject. I hope through the blessings of Providence to succeed in securing the Post.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have heard that the Hon. Joseph Johnson is to be our Governor. Is it Joseph Johnson of Harrison? if so I am much pleased, as he had befriended me on more than one occasion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI believe that John Stringer will probably be on the Board of Visitors in June next. This information I received by yesterdays mail. Where does he live? I see that Mr. Carlisle has been making two speeches in the convention. I look upon him as one of the promising sons of Virginia. I hope before long to see him in Congress. I am much pleased at seeing cousin Wm. J. Jackson also in the Convention. Indeed I have some hopes that our ancient reputation may be revived.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI might have sent this letter sooner, but I designedly delayed it for to see if yesterday's mail (6th of April) would not enable me to give you some good news, but I did not receive the information which I was waiting for, but in my next I hope to be in possession of agreeable tidings for you, but I am not over sanguine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a few days since, a very kind, and well-wishing letter from Genl. John J. Jackson. When I visit you, I want also to visit him. I find that I have many friends, indeed I have found that all to whom I apply for assistance are ready to give me a helping hand. The generals letter was particularly gratifying to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall not attempt a Theological discussion with you a present, hoping to see you during the present year, when I hope that you will have all of your questions and ideas prepared for the investigation of your brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A., to Aunt White, to Uncle, Cousin John, Uncle Stalnaker and Col. Goff and other friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade Florida\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 22nd 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCol.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 28th inst. informing me that I have been elected Prof. of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics, in the Virginia Military Institute, has been received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe high honor, conferred by the Board of Visitors, in selecting me, unanimously, to fill such a Professorship, gratified me exceedingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to be able to meet the Board on the 25th of June next, but fear that circumstances, over which I have no control, will prevent my doing do before that time. For your kindness in endeavoring to procure me a leave of absence for six months, as well as for the interest you have otherwise manifested in my behalf, I feel under strong and lasting obligations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould I desire a furlough of more than than one month commencing on the 1st of July next, it would be for the purpose of visiting Europe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI regret that recent illness has prevented my giving you an earlier answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAny communication which you may have to make previous to the 1st of June, please direct to this place.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Col.\u003cbr\u003e\nVery respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, VA\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 20th 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI am much pleased with my situation. I have commenced my military duties and am reviewing on of my text books. My health has much improved since you heard me say good by.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent you a pamphlet a few days since, it was by the request of my old Physician with whom I was residing in the North. He appeared to take a deep interest in me and to be interested in those who were interested in your brother. From him I have learned many important truths concerning health. His names is Lowry Barney. I felt home sick at bidding adieu to his estimable family. Mrs. B. said that I did not appear like a stranger but like a relative, they were more kind than I could have desired.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom my present room which is in the 2d story of the Lexington Hotel. I have a lovely view of Mountain scenery. Lexington is the most beautiful place that I remember of having ever seen when taken in connection with the surrounding country.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI expect to go to the Springs next month with the Corps of Cadets. We shall leave about the 8th and return about the 25th, about the 13th we will arrive at the White Sulphur.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026amp; family and to my friends and relatives. I suppose that you had a fine mental feast on Miss B's notes. I designed burning them. Please save me the trouble by doing me the favor\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 8th 1851\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have had the pleasure of receiving your letter and the articles which you sent to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have seen Mr. Cowen and requested him to call on you, and have made a similar request of Mr. Henderson, whom I esteem very highly. He is the brother-in-law of Col. Smith. I am much obliged for the articles. An opportunity will hardly be afforded for visiting you this winter. I have received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale: She as well as our other relatives are well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe academic duties commenced on yesterday week.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health has through the blessings of Providence been so much improved to enable me to enter on my duties, with which I am delighted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family, and to all enquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd say to Mr. A. that I hope to be able by his assistance to get some fine fossil specimens from his farm when I next visit Beverly. I remember of having seen some beautiful specimens of shells, near the bridge about Mrs. Bakers. These he showed me in 1848.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. Jany. 16th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has like every other good, brought with it pain. But I hope that your health will again return among the blessings of Providence to brighten the remainder of your days as well as those of mine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been desirous of writing at an earlier day; but our examination and other duties have prevented my doing so, and even now this pleasing task is performed during the height of the examination. It could be delayed no longer without a degree of pain, which your brother is unwilling to experience on this subject. This trying ordeal will close about Thursday next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you will look back if you through your past life and see if you can not find some cause for your afflictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNow my dear sister. You are aware that I am troubled about your hopes in relation to the endless futurity. The best plan that I can  conceive for an unbeliever in God, as presented to us in the Bible, is to first consider things in reference merely to expediency. Now considering the subject with reference to expediency only, let us examine whether it is safer to be a Christian or an Infidel. Suppose two persons, one a Christian and the other an infidel, to be closing their earthly existences and suppose that the infidel is right and the Christian is wrong, they will then after death be upon an equality. But instead of the infidel being right, suppose him to be wrong and the Christian right, then will the state of the latter after death be inestimably superior to that of the other. And if you will examine the history of mankind it will be plain that Christianity contributes much more to happiness in this life, than that of infidelity. Now having briefly glanced at this subject, to what decision are we forced on the mere ground of expediency, certainly it is to the adoption of Christianity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaving made our selection of Christianity, the next point is to consider whether we can believe the teachings of the Sacred volume; if so, then its adoption should of necessity follow. I have examined the subject maturely, and the evidence is very conclusive, and if we do not receive the Bible as being authentic and creditable, we must reject every other ancient work; as there is no other in favor of which, so much evidence can be adduced. Oh Sister! do pray to God for his mercy, and eternal life through our Redeemer Jesus Christ.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not yet been able to procure the peaches of which I spoke in my former letter. Cousin Harriet has returned from her visit to Point Pleasant, which was to her very pleasant. Uncle Minor Neale's daughter has returned home, with her grand-father who came north for her. Talk to Thomas \u0026amp; Grace for me and tell them that their uncle is very much obliged to them and that they must continue to be good children, and do what their mother and father may require of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to all inquiring friends and Relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI should be much pleased to see a literary institution in Beverly; but I cannot see how to be serviceable to it. If you will state in your next what I would have to do as agent I would be enabled to give a more definite answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Mil. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington Va. Feby. 7 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThough much pressed with business and far behind in my correspondence, I can not defer any longer a letter to you. Our examination has closed and academic duties have been resumed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNext week I hope to take up the subject of Optics. The approaching summer is looked forward to by me with no small degree of interest, as our vacation will commence after the 4th of July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour health I hope is completely restored before this time: mine is still delicate. When did you last hear from Parkersburg and how are our relatives and friends? Do you see anything of John White's family. The weather had been extremely cold, but at present it is lovely.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not heard from you in weeks upon weeks. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026amp; family and to all enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 21st 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter including that of our cousin, has been received, and with no small regret do I consider your past afflictions, but we are all the children of suffering sorrow in this world. Whilst it has many pleasures, it is not, nor will not be divested of its cares. Amid affliction, let us hope for happiness. But divest us of hope and how miserable would we be! It has never forsaken me, nor in my humble opinion, never will. However dark the night, I am cheered with an anticipated glorious and luminous morrow. May such ever be your happy lot. No earthly calamity can shake my hope in the future, so long as God is my friend, and on this subject I expect to have a long conversation with you next summer. I feel ashamed of not having written to you earlier, but even now I am debtor a number of letters in other quarters, which in time, have the preference, but my conscience will not be troubled at this species of fraud.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad that cousin stopped with you. I received a letter from cousin Sylvanus White recently in which he states that his location is in Missouri, but for the future, he can not say to what quarter his steps will be directed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health has improved. What do you propose doing next summer during my visit. I suppose that plans you have in abundance. How is the family: give my regards to all individually. Tell Thomas that I should like to have him with me sometimes very much \u0026amp; that he must be at home the next time that I visit him. Remember me to all inquiring friends and relatives. How is Cousin John White and Aunt White.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute Lexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 10th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have nothing which can call for a letter from me at this time except the pleasure of writing to you and to say a word in reference to your mentioned garden seeds, \u0026amp; c. Tell me the precise kinds of seeds which are desirable and if you can the mode of conveyance for them to Beverly. I might possibly procure some grafts of apricots \u0026amp; [illegible] if they could only be sent to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sent for my box sometime since, but have not yet obtained possession of it. This is a beautiful day, though the preceding few have been cold and have injured the fruit prospects, particularly the apricots and other early fruit. The plank road from Staunton to Buckhannon, which latter place is about 25 miles distant from here is now under construction, through our town. The stage travels about one third faster on it than on the dirt road.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am anxiously looking forward to July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen did you last hear from Cousin Margaret. She appears to have dropped me as a correspondent. I certainly gave her ostensible reason for so doing by not answering her letter more promptly. But this was occasioned by the pressure of other things.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A., the family \u0026amp; to all enquiring friends and relations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Thomas and Grace I am not going to allow them to see their Aunt Nancy until they both offer to love me more than her. Tell them that their Aunt does not care about them half as much as I do.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. May 1st 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour interesting letter has been received and perused with much pleasure. But my matrimonial success as you are ere this probably aware of was a hoax. I suppose that some interested friend thought that I ought to be married and that it would be well to remind me of my duty before efforts would be too late. Frequently your intended, is to be seen with all her prepossessing fascinations. Why do you not come on? Certainly you will be here on the 4th. The weather here is at present beautiful, though for months it has been unseasonably cold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow are you pleased with Philadelphia? What are Penrose's prospects for distinction in his profession. Of all the cities in this Union, that of the Quakers has my preference. Its public squares, magnificent edifices, it's water works \u0026amp; c, including that universal task which strikes the eye at all its points, must make it very interesting to all, who are only consulting pleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTrueheart is now in Washington city, engaged in the Coast Survey. There is only one assistant here at present (Stewart). Our appropriation bill has not yet been acted on by the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJudge Baldwin is not expected to recover from his recent attack. Judge Brockenbrough will probably be a candidate in place of Judge Baldwin for the Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProf. Calhoun of Washington College will leave this coming summer; his successor is so far unknown. Every thing is quiet at present in the Institute and I hope will ever continue so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is to be strong [stage] opposition through here this season. Let me here from you whenever a spare moment will permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour sincere friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[On verso; not in Jackson's hand]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResolved that it is with feelings of the most profound regret that we have heard the announcement of the decease of our fellow student \u0026amp; associate Dr. [illegible] Weir; whose gentlemanly bearing \u0026amp; Christian deportment has served not only to endear him to all with whom he came in contact but to render him an ornament and honour to the noble profession of which he was so faithful a votary. Resolved that we do sympathize most sincerely with the bereaved relatives \u0026amp; friends of his House upon whom this dispensation of Providence has fallen so unexpectedly \u0026amp; painfully.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResolved that from respect to his memory we will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResolved that a copy of the proceedings of this meeting signed by the Secy. \u0026amp; Pres. be forwarded to the family of the deceased \u0026amp; that the same be published in the Richmond \u0026amp; Alexandria papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. May 14, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter had been received; but you do not give me definite instructions about garden seed, grafts etc. But I should think that it would be useless to get any for you unless they are such as I can convey in person for you may judge of the difficulty of getting anything from Lexington to Beverly from the fact that though I have used effort upon effort to procure the box which you sent to me and have told the stage driver to spare no expense in procuring it, yet from his negligence or from some other cause it has not yet come to hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would either get Miss H. to take it back to Beverly on her return, or else send a servant with it to the stage office at Staunton and have it sent to me put on the way bill and directed to me at Lexington, Va. to the care of E. Porter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have recently received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale, which states that she is engaged in teaching a school and that all our relations are well and that Cousin Lizzie Neale, daughter of Uncle Minor is on a visit and that she will probably remain North all summer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that by this time your health is entirely restored. Though my manner of living is very abstemious, yet health has not returned with all its blessings. Yet I am much better than when I last bid you good bye.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026amp; family. Tell Thomas and Grace that their aunt does not say a single word about either of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather had been very pleasant for the past few days, though the present one is not remarkably agreeable as a part of the time is sunshine and a part rainy and the balance is a mixture of both. In Beverly there is probably snow to be seen even this  late in May.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis evening we are to be favored with a vocal concert. I wish that you could accompany me. I believe that as yet you had not been informed of my daily exercise. I have to walk about a mile and a half for each meal: 3/4 to and 3/4 from it. And in the morning I usually walk about a mile and a half before breakfast and in the afternoon about two miles or more before tea.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va. June 5th, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter has come safe to hand but I regret that your health is not yet restored though improved at present, let us hope to see the day when you will again enjoy that greatest of earthly blessings in perfection. Do not begin to look for me until the latter half of July. I may be with you in the first part but I can not speak definitely at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy box has not yet arrived, but I have spoken to a friend whose family lives in Staunton to endeavor to have his family to forward it. I shall try to get some grafts to take with me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIs it a fur hat which I am to get for Thomas, if so it would be desirable to have the measure of his head.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather is quite cool here this morning though for sometime back it has been very warm.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe people are beginning to visit the Alum Springs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you could see our Institute for I consider that it is the most tasty edifice in the state. We have had green peas for sometime and the strawberries are I believe beginning to disappear. But the cherries are just coming in season.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeverly must be cold enough for all practicable purposes even at this late period. I am enjoying myself more than I have done for some years; but still my health requires much care and rigid regard to diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that the news may be true that Uncle Cummins has returned; to meet him will be a proud day in my life. He has certainly been a good friend to me. Have you heard anything from cousin E.J. Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA bill has recently passed out state Legislature which appropriates 30,000 dollars for the purpose of completing our Barracks. We expect during the coming session to have about 18 or 20 more cadets that at any previous one and when the buildings shall be completed the accommodations will admit of upwards of 200. This past year we had to refuse admission to a large number. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026amp; family \u0026amp; to all inquiring friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003cbr\u003e\nP.S. I hope that you will not make any calculations as to the manner of passing the present summer until after my arrival at Beverly. T. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlum Springs Rockbridge Cty\nJuly 12 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI arrived here yesterday in as good health as usual and am delighted with the waters so far. The Springs are crowded there being about four hundred visitors and the accommodations being only adequate for 275 or 300. I succeeded in procuring 1/2 a bed; there being one room for four occupants. In a few days I hope to be better off. Though we have but two beds to 4 persons in my quarters; yet the beds are good, and the servants, and proprietors, and the their assistants are attentive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoarding is 10 dollars per week. This water I consider is the water of waters. This place is more crowded than any other in the mountains and I have not heard of a single person who is dissatisfied though my enquiries have been many.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy appetite and digestion have already improved and I indulge rather freely. My dinner was principally bread (which was rather fresh), potatoes and green corn which is by no means digestible. My supper rich corn bread \u0026amp; the same for breakfast (using butter freely at each meal)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to all enquiring Relatives and friends. Your brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis establishment was sold a few days since for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars.\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 7th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nA line from you has not even come to hand yet. I hope that this is not a result of ill health. An improvement of health began to reward me for my visit to the Alum Springs, within as I believe less than 24 hours after my arrival there. I remained at the Springs for three weeks and then left with regret.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe checks have not yet come to hand, has the letter containing them been received by you. Our duties at the Institute have been resumed, and things omen well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have for months back admired Lexington, but now for the first time have truly and fully appreciated it. Of all the places which have come under my observation in the U. States, this little village is the most beautiful.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn a few days I hope to write a letter to cousin Harriet Murdoc and I shall urge her to leave home next year. She is a lovely lady and if she were not my cousin I might ardently desire her to be my wife. She is so estimable: I feel proud of her as a cousin. I enjoyed myself very much at the springs and would have been delighted to have had her with me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wrote to Richard Camden and to Dr. Bland requesting them to join me at the Alum but have heard nothing from either of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that the baby has entirely recovered and that your health continues to improve. Remember me very kindly to the family and to all inquiring friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother, Thomas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHas Cousin Nancy returned home? How is Miss Eliza and Mrs. Hilly?\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 9th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter has finally come safely to its place of destination. I felt concerned about your long silence, for fear that your health was bad.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have found on my return home that the peaches here were not so abundant as I had supposed but the apples are at abundance. Though peaches are not so plentiful as I had supposed, yet I have spoken to a person to secure me two or three bushels and if he fails I will endeavor to secure them by sending to Lynchburg, which is near forty miles and through that section I have been informed that there has been no scarcity. I hope that by this time the baby is entirely well and that health and prosperity are among the number of your domestic blessings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health has been much improved by visiting the Alum Springs. I have been and am still using the water, but its effects are not so good as when used at the Springs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Harriet has written me a letter which I prize very much, it speaks the purity of her character. I wish that I could be with her during my leisure moments. They would pass so delightfully under her pure and elevating influence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Margaret is married, though of this you have probably already been informed. She is the wife of the person to whom I believe you alluded when we were at Parkersburg. Aunt would not consent to her being married at home and she was consequently married at Uncle William Neale's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather here is very warm and the ground is quite dry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat news have you from the letter containing the drafts. I wish you would let me know as soon as convenient, whether there is any hopes of getting possession of them. Let me hear from you as soon as convenient.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Gittings is doing very well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 25th 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very kind letter has come safe to hand and I am glad to learn that you are enjoying as many blessings as still fall to your lot. I hope that by the time of the receipt of this that the children will all be in perfect health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Lurty has been here for about two weeks. He and Mr. Harrison (son of Wm. Harrison of Clarksburg) design taking a course of law lectures this winter under Judge Brockenbrough.1   George is a young man of very fine mind, and I hope that he will acquit himself with much credit this winter. A young Mr. Stribling from Point Pleasant is also here. He is brother to the Miss S. of whom I presume you have \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1Now, Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, Virginia. heard cousin Harriet Murdoc frequently speak. Cousin Harriet I regard as being one of the sweetest ladies with whom I have ever met. I wish that we could be together frequently. I hope that she will make a visit next summer to this most beautiful of places. How sweet it is to meet with congenial spirits!\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would forward me the checks by the first mail as I am in need of them. The peaches have not yet come to hand but as soon as they do I will forward them without delay.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI weighed yesterday one hundred and seventy two pounds and a fraction. This is six pounds more than any former weight. My health has much improved and I hope that through the blessings of God, I will ultimately enjoy perfect health. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A and family and to all enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNovember 11, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has been received with its enclosures, but it had brought sorrow to my heart to learn that you health is unusually delicate. My dear sister, my concern for you is great. This concern is not restricted to you whilst in this world, but it extends into the unending future, and my continual prayer is that you will return into the fold of God. My dear sister, if you will but seek God in the bible conditions he will give you peace and comfort while all the powers on Earth can not de[liver] and the hopes of a coming immor[tality] will make all the ills of life supportable under every circumstance. Your mother prayed for you and I believe that the same may be said of your brother Warren. And can it be that the prayers of them and myself united, will not be heard by \"Our Father in Heaven.\" I fear that you concern yourself too much about the things of this life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI expect that you have probably been devoting too much care to the articles which you spoke of forwarding to me. Now do not think any more about me in relation to them, but bear in mind that I have plenty of everything except health and that this has much improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that health will return to you with all of its blessings. I have written twice to cousin Harriet since we parted. I do think her one of the sweetest ladies. I wish that I could be in her society more frequently than circumstances will permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had a lovely fall in this portion of the state. My kindest regards to Mr. Arnold's family, all inquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. This morning I fired ten guns from the Battery of Artillery in commemoration of the origin of the Institute. This day, thirteen years it went into operation and it is now in a very flourishing condition, so much so that we cannot accommodate all the applications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDecember 11th, 1852\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter has received the perusal of a brother and I hope that though ill health is your present lot, that notwithstanding, you will continue a buoyancy of spirits and not give way to surrounding troubles. I too am a man of trouble, yet let the oppressing load be ever so great it never sinks me beneath its weight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI trust that this will find you improving if not well. Our session will have its semi-annual examination in the early part of the coming January. When did you last hear from Cousin Harriet Murdoc. A cadet from Point Pleasant tells me that she had been there on a visit, but that she has returned home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLexington has been very gay for some time back, owing to the marriage of one of the daughters of the late Governor McDowell. The weather is quite inclement at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must talk to Thomas and Grace for me and tell them that their uncle frequently thinks of them and that he would be very glad to have them with him. But that he does not like bad children and always talk to them for me in such a manner as to make them better. I suppose that you have heard of Cousin Margaret Neale's marriage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am very busy this winter with studying and hearing recitations, having not only to prepare on Natural Philosophy and Artillery, but to be in the section room three and four hours per day additional. My spare time is given to reading and to other sources of improvement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVa. Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 1st 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI hope that ere this your health has improved and that the returning spring will reanimate your feelings, and suggest the idea that it is but the symbol of the endless beauties and enjoyments of the world to come. The passage of Scripture from which I have derived sufficient support whenever applied is in the following words \"acknowledge God in all thy ways and he shall direct thy paths.\" What a comfort is this!\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister, it is useless for men to tell me that there is no God, and that his benign influence is not to be experienced in prayer, when it is offered in conformity to the Bible. For some time past, not a single day has passed by without my feeling his hallowing presence whilst at my morning prayers. I endeavor to live in accordance with the above passage which means as I understand it, in all thy ways acknowledge God and he shall take care of you in all respects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat better protector can we desire that one who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent and who hath promised that he will take care of us in all things, and in addition to all this the pledge coming from One who cannot lie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOur weather here has been quite cold for sometime back, but at present it is very beautiful; too much so to be of long duration I fear. Persons I believe have generally filled their ice houses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI rather begin to despair of the peaches as I have not seen a dry one to my recollection since returning home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou remember that during the past summer I was very much reduced in flesh, at present I have more than desirable and sometimes endeavor to reduce it, but the nervousness with which I have been so much troubled and the disagreeableness of cold feet induce me to adhere to the indulgence of the palate. But my dishes are very plain: generally brown bread is the principle article for Breakfast and Tea and sometimes I probably do not taste meat for more than a month and I have not to my recollection used any other drink than cold water since my return home, and hope that such may continue to be the case.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard from Judge Allen a few days since: Cousin Mary is well, one of her daughters is rather ill. I met the daughter at the Alum Springs during the past summer. She is a beautiful girl.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough I desire to hear from you frequently; yet I never wish to do so when there doing so, requires that your eyes should be tasked. To know that you are destroying or endangering the happiness of yourself, and those around you, produces more pain than the receipt of a letter cam compensate for.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Harriet Murdock was well when her last letter was written. A letter from her is daily expected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 1st 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nTime as it passes brings me to the renewal of the pleasant duty of writing to my sister, though there is nothing here of which I am aware that can be of interest to you, beyond what may be felt in an only brother. Let pleasure result from the mere act of writing to you. Our lives have been checkered in a most marked manner and we are still, notwithstanding all the ill omens of our youth, living even beyond the usual period of human life and I trust that before us are the brightest of our days. In taking a retrospective view of my own life, each year has opened as I consider, with increased promise and with my present views, the future is holding richer stores in reserve. Could you only believe with myself then would you also bear the present with patience and look forward to the future with a calm serene and pleasurable delight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI too have crosses, and am at times deeply afflicted! But however sore may be the trials they lose their poignancy, and instead of producing injury I feel that I am but improved by the ordeal. But how is this accomplished? By throwing myself upon the protection of him, whose law book is the wonderful Bible. My dear sister I would not part with this book for countless universes. I feel ready to make every sacrifice to carry out the will of him who so loved us, as to give his only begotten son to die for me. How exceedingly great must have been that love!\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe more I learn, the more dear does the precious volume appear to me. O Sister, if you would only pray! If you would only become religious! I derive much pleasure from morning walks, in which is to be enjoyed the pure sweetness of caroling birds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe weather is delightful at present, and our peach trees are beginning to bloom, and in the course of a few more weeks, the forests will be clad with verdure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJudge Brockenbrough's law school has closed its session and George Lurty has returned home; after having passed a profitable winter. If he will only make the best of his facilities, a brilliant career may be expected as his reward. He possesses talents of a high order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not heard from Cousin Harriet for a long time. It appears she has forgotten me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSometime since, Cousin Sylvanus wrote to me, and stated that he was at home, but expected in a few days to leave for the west. Talk to the children for me as I would were I with you. Remember me very kindly to the whole family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Rockbridge County, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 15th 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nOur spring is opening beautifully, though it is said to be late. I wish that I could only be with you this evening, ah! Not this evening only, but many evenings. I am invited to a large party to night and among the scramble, expect to come in for my share of fun. My health is still improving and in a few months through the blessing of an all kind providence, I hope to be well, at least so much as people usually are.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would send me by the return mail the daguerreotype which I had taken in New York after having shaved. The one with the beard on, was taken at New Orleans soon after my return from Mexico. This last one I wish you to keep safely as I prize it highly. If you remember, I gave you two others one being taken with a stern countenance, and the other with a smile, it is the smiling one which I want and don't fail to send it well enveloped, by the first mail. If you wish it to be returned, I will try and do so in a few months or else a better one in its stead; as I think your brother is a better looking man than he was when that was taken. It may be that you have not got the one which I had taken with the beard on, if not it is lost. I am anxious to get Father's, in order to have a facsimile of it taken, but do not trust it to the mail. I believe you let Cousin Harriet have the grim looking one, which I gave you, ungrateful girl that she is. I am going to write to her in a few days such a letter as such conduct in a pretty cousin merits.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you are out of bed, and able to enjoy the comforts of domestic life. Kiss the children and tell them a great many things such as their uncle would tell him were he in their company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and to all enquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends. Should any person be coming here, I would be glad to get my Blair's Rhetoric.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 6th 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dearest \u0026amp; only Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour melancholy letter has brought tears to my eyes. Yet I would never have you conceal anything from me because of the pain which it may cause me. If your health is really as you state, I would rather know it. My dearest sister, with tears in my eyes and a heart devoted to my God, I look into the future beyond the limits of this transient life of care; and see the dark gloom which is to exist throughout infinite duration. That whilst I am \"to shine like a star in the firmament for ever and forever,\" you are to be assigned to unending misery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat my dear sister is this life, and all its joys, compared to that which is to come. How happy would I be did I but know that beyond this probationary life we should be together for ever more, there with those who have gone before us, to enjoy endless happiness. My sister, do reflect upon my course of life, think and see if I have ever erred since arriving at mature age, and then consider how I could ever have been satisfied of the truth of the Gospel; unless it is true. Have I ever erred in the affairs of this life? Remember too what strong irreligious influences have been brought to bear on me and yet in spite of all opposing obstacles, I am one of the most devoted of Christians.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWill you not have some faith in the prayers of a dying mother \u0026amp; brother? My dearest sister, do throw yourself into the hands of God. Throw yourself upon his mercy, repent of your sins and believe that the father will accept your prayers, and forgive your transgressions, for the sake of his son's merits. Remember that he hath said that they who come unto him he will in nowise cast off.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall leave here as soon as my vacation shall permit and hope to be with you by the 12 of July if not before. I had designed making you a visit this summer, but did not know whether it would be before or after my return from the North. I have business which calls me to New York City this summer and I was desirous of going some more distant places.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou speak of Dr. Bosworth's son. I wish that it was in my power to do him a service but being here as Professor, I ought not to abuse my trust in any way. I wrote to the Doctor in reference to his son, but I believe omitted to state that in his letter to the superintendent of the Institute he should state that he was unable to educate his son himself. When he calls to see you, I wish that you would mention this to him \u0026amp; also tell him that Col. Samuel L. Hayes is on the new Board of Visitors for your place.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI most sincerely hope that his son will get the appointment and if there is anything which I can do for him consistent with my duty as Professor, it shall be done with a great deal of pleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockbridge Alum Springs\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 3rd, 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI arrived here yesterday in good health, and expect to leave for the North this evening, via Lexington. There are about five hundred visitors here at present, and the accommodations are nearly exhausted, and in a few days it is quite possible that persons from necessity will be turned off. I hope that Stark has quite recovered. Remember me very kindly to all the family, and to all other enquiring relatives and friends. Say to Mrs. [Hillie/Hellee] that I saw Judge Brockenbrough, but that as he is not a Freemason, I shall try elsewhere. I expect to be in Staunton tomorrow and hope to be able to find some influential Mason there who will attend promptly to the business. I endeavored to do so when coming through Staunton, but did not succeed. I intend to press the matter until some definite action shall have been taken upon the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSay to Dr. Bosworth that I saw John1 yesterday, and that he was well with the exception of a sore leg. I asked him if he had written home, and he said that he had not done so, that he did not wish to, because of his leg being sore. I advised him to write and say nothing about his leg as it would be better to let them hear from him, though he should say nothing in respect to this. His leg did not appear to trouble him much, he was going about the encampment and did not appear much lame. He told me that he would write. If you should say anything to the Doctor about John's leg, tell him to have no concern about it. But probably it would be best to say nothing about the subject of health. I am scarce of paper. Tell Miss Eliza that she must be on the look out for something in relation to me, and in reference to which she called my attention.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSay to Doctor Bosworth that I did not hand in the list for John, because of its having already been done.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 19th, 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nSometime since when Mr. Tanner the Daguerreian was passing through here on his way to Beverly, I availed myself of his kindness to send you and Grace and Thomas the little purchases which I made last summer and I hope that they reached you safely. I should have sent Father's miniature also, but upon reflection thought it would be better to defer doing so until a more favorable opportunity should present itself. I hope that Mr. Tanner called to see you, he is a very worthy person and one in whose integrity I have much confidence. The weather here is beautiful and I am enjoying like. To me my wife is a great source of happiness. She has those requisites of which I used to speak to you, and sends her love to you. Tell Mrs. [Hillie] that I have not yet learned the result  result of the application; but that it shall be followed up until some answer shall be obtained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn my last letter, I spoke of being in Philadelphia. We remained there from Saturday until Monday, when we proceeded to West Point where I was delighted with my easy associations: The beautiful plains, the frowning ruins of Fort Putnam, the majestic river, and magnificent scenery all conspired to enhance my happiness which had already been of a high order. The ladies1 also were much pleased with it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter remaining there until about 12 o'clock next day, we resumed out route for Niagara Falls. This of all natural curiosities is the most sublime and imposing which has ever come under my observation. We put up at the Cataract House, which is on the American side, and the next morning crossed over to Goat's Island which separates the Falls into two parts, that point on the East of the Island is called the Transcript\nAmerican Falls and that on the West side the Canadian. The latter is much the larger, by reason of the greater quantity of water which passes down on this side of the island. The Canadian falls are called the horseshoe falls from their resemblance to a horseshoe, the toe being up stream. When looking at this wonder of nature I desired to be left to my own interrupted thoughts, it lulls the mind and forbids interruption, it calls on the mind for its entire and undivided contemplation. More of this in my next. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. the family and all enquiring friends \u0026amp; relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNovember 30th 1853\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI hope that upon the receipt of this that you will be induced to break your long silence. Do not think that because I am married that I would not be glad to receive a letter from you. I am going to the wedding of one of my old bachelor friends this evening. His name is Massie1, a graduate of the Va. Mil. Institute; the lady is Miss Sophonisba B. McDowell, daughter of the late governor McDowell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAt present my health is influenced by a cold in the head; but to such things in my own case, I attach but little importance, for with care they are dissipated in a few days. My wife is in good health, and sends her love to you \u0026amp; the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThings here are working smoothly, the weather is fine, and I am much pleased with the coming prospects. Give my love to Mr. A. and the rest of the family. Tell Mrs. Hillie that I saw the gentleman to whom I made application in her case, but a few days since, and that he that he had not been able to do anything for her as yet, but on account of the recent expenses of the lodge; but that he was certain that he would get twenty dollars at least, and that he would be in Richmond this winter, and that he would bring her case before the grand lodge of the State. But tell her not to be too sanguine about success for fear that she may be disappointed. In my opinion, something will be done for her, but how much it is impossible to say.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI believe that at the close of my last letter I was making some remarks upon Niagara, and I had probably finished them. After leaving there, we proceeded in a carriage down the Niagara River for a few miles to Lewiston, where we took a steamer and proceeded to cross Lake Ontario on our way to the St. Lawrence River, and at dawn the next morning we were around a cluster of islands called the thousand islands, which present an extremely beautiful aspect and they are probably a thousand in number, some almost covered by bare and rugged rocks and crops and the other beautifully varied with forests of Northern growth. I enjoyed the scene much! Very much! During the day, we passed through the perilous rapids of that remarkable river. In passing one of them we took on board a special pilot of large an athletic dimensions. After thus passing a very pleasant day, we arrived safely at Montreal. To be remembered to all inquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends is the request of your only brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. You may form some idea of one of the rapids from the circumstance that though we were on a high decked steamer, yes the spray was thrown extremely over her prow and so as to fall upon her deck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 14th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour long looked for letter arrived at last. I am much pleased at having another niece and hope that she may prove as pretty and interesting as Grace. I hope that you may not have a return of the sore mouth, but that better health may bless you than in past years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is very singular that Mr. Tanner neglected to give you the things entrusted to him, possibly he changed his route after having seen me and did not pass through Beverly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that I could get Tom some suitable books here. I may have an opportunity of getting some by the time that any person from this place goes to Beverly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send you a lock of Ellie's hair which she reluctantly parts with because of its color, which she hopes may prove more acceptable to your taste than it has ever been to hers. My message to you is that you must prize it very highly as being the token of a sister's love and from a brother's wife.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSend us a lock from your hair and also one from Grace. Tell her to give me the prettiest she has so that I may look at it when I am so far off that I cannot see her pretty face. Tell her furthermore that I have told her Aunt that Grace is very pretty \u0026amp; her conduct much as good as her face.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have not yet heard of any money being collected for Mrs. Hillie and I feel uneasy about it; yet I have strong reassurances that something will be done, and I shall press the matter until a definite answer shall have been obtained, and the result I will inform Mrs. Hillie of immediately. Ellie joins me in love to you and the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 4th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter was gladly received, and read. Permit me to congratulate myself on being the Uncle of another niece as pretty as Grace. I hope that you will accept my kindest congratulations and give the same to Mr. Arnold. As yet I have heard nothing of Mr. Tanner.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Mrs. Hillie is improving in health. I am anxious about her claim, no recent account has been given me in reference to it. Should nothing be reported to me before summer, I shall go to Staunton in person and see about it. Until that time my occupation requires me to be at the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have recently been called to mourn the death of my mother-in-law, she without any apparent uneasy concern passed in to that unseen world where the weary are at rest. Her life was such as to attract around her many warm friends, and if she had any enemy in this world it was and continues to be a secret to me. Hers was a Christian life and hers was a Christian death. She had been afflicted with rheumatism for several months previous to the close of her life and on Saturday preceding her death she had the return of hernia which had formerly afflicted her. On the 23rd of February about 3 o'clock P.M. her husband told her that her end had come. She asked how long she could live and he told her two or three hours, and although the Physicians had the same day pronounced her symptoms favorable, she appeared perfectly reconciled. She said that she was not afraid to die and that she found Jesus precious to her soul. [text at left margin] She asked us to kiss her and told her children to live near to Jesus and to be kind to one another. When asked by one her daughters what they should do without her, she replied that the Lord would provide. She was strongly attached to her family and [they] to her; yet she appeared to have no concern about what would become of herself or family, such was her complete confidence in the promises of the Bible. She felt assured that God would provide for her family and she felt that she was going to her saviour, with whom she expected to enjoy unending happiness. Her death was no leaping into the dark. She died with the bright hope of an unending immortality of happiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy sister, Oh! That you could thus live, then might you thus die. Do you not remember how much you are concerned about your children when you apprehend the approach of a dying hour. Do my sister turn to God and cast all your care in Jesus. I believe that you had our Mother's and Warren's prayers and now you have mine, and more than mine. My Dear Sister, do seek religion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to each member of the family, my wife sends her love also.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me to all enquiring relations and friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 7th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAs I received your letter day before yesterday, and was desirous of answering it by the return mail, I could only say a few words. I am not certain whether the physician mentioned in your letter, was the same I have heard of as the lecturer in the North, or not; if he is, as I before stated, I should not much admire his character, though he might be a good doctor notwithstanding. Yet I would not like such a man for my physician, if I could get a good physician whose moral character would receive my approbation. If this is not the lecturer, I know nothing about him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that by the time you receive this that your health will have much improved. But my sister, be that as it may, do turn to God, and obey the teachings of the Bible. If you do not believe its teachings at least obey its doctrines and I believe that God will give you faith. Make but the effort, and resolve to do what it teaches to the close of life, and then you may expect death to be disrobed of its terrors. Remember that you have your brother's prayers, and I hope those of several members of my wife's family, and I believe that you also received the prayers of our Mother and Brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a letter a few days since from Aunt Clementine Neale. She and Uncle Alford had been south to see Uncle Thornton and Wirt, but a short time before they reached Uncle Thornton's Wirt had gone to California. She tells me that Wirt is a very tall man, and that Uncle Thornton has a very high opinion of him. Uncle Minor's wife lost her last husband in New Orleans some months since and she is consequently again thrown upon her father's protection. I have also received a letter from Uncle John White; his health has improved and that of his family is generally good. Uncle George White's family at last account was well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister do try and follow your Brother's council now and remember that this letter is prayed over by him, that it may be the means of your eternal happiness. Let me hear from you soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, VA\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 11th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nLast night I received a letter from Uncle John White, in which the states that Uncle Madison is not willing to have Uncle Cummins' property sold so far as to pay off his (Cummins) debts and that Madison is opposed to having the mills rented out again, but is trying to get them into his own hands, and he already had got the negroes from Jacob Jackson. Uncle John thinks that the property ought to be sold so far as to pay off Uncle Cummins' debts and the remainder to be divided among the heirs, and I think that such is the proper course. He offers to do the best he can for you and me provided we wish him to do so. I have offered to give him my interest as an heir because I was afraid that in going to law I might spend more than my interest would be worth. I wish you would let Uncle John know whether he shall do anything for you or not. I hope that by this time all is well with you. Ellie joins me in love to yourself and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nLexington, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have in vain waited for your reply to several letters; if you can not write barely enclose me your card or anything to tell me that you are still among the living. Doctor White left your presents for me with a friend of mine and they have come safely to hand and for which I am much obliged. I regret that he did not call and see me or at least let me know of his being in town in order to give me an opportunity of seeing him and it would have given me an opportunity of returning father's miniature. I have not seen Mr. Tanner since he passed through Beverly; but I suppose that he delivered to you some books for Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Mrs. Hilley that I have not been able to get anything for her as yet, but that the necessary steps have been taken and that we must await the result which she shall be made acquainted with.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am a candidate for the Professorship of Mathematics in the University of Va. I am well pleased with my present position, yet the other is more desirable both by reason of its being more prominent, and its being about three thousand dollars. The professor is elected by the Board of Visitors for the University of Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had some very cold weather here during the past few days but at present it is very fine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy wife has had the left side of her face partially [paralyzed]1\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and inquiring relations and friends. T.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 2nd 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI chanced to be at the Hotel yesterday when Doctor White was passing through town and was much pleased at meeting him; it served to some extent the purpose of seeing you; as I thereby had an opportunity of seeing someone who had recently been with my sister. He told me that you had written to me and after the Post Office had opened I received your letter. The mass of which you speak I would send to you, had the Doctor not have procured it before seeing me, he told me that he had found it in the shop of some doctor as he was coming to Lexington. Should you wish any more at any time, let me know and I will procure it for you. I do hope that little Tom is free from that dreadful disease the scrofula. I trust that your apprehensions may prove groundless but it always best to be wide awake, and not permit ourselves to be taken by surprise.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that your health may continue to improve. The poor little Babe what can be the matter with it? I suppose that it is difficult to decide in so young a child, but let us hope for the better while we continue to be prepared for the worst.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEllie's face has not yet entirely recovered; but I am of the opinion that time will effect a perfect restoration.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all enquiring relatives and friends. Tell Thomas and the other children, that I love them, and that they must be good children. Ellie joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003eThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Tell Thomas that I am sorry that he is sick, and that I wish that I could do something for him. T.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 12th, 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour sorrowful letter came safe. Your loss is one which I have never been called upon to bear up under; I can well conceive of the tender union which is thus sundered. You have my sympathy [note 1] and I wish I could point you successfully to the source of consolation. I have [entrusted?] the hair to Ellie's keeping. I am not certain that we will be able to come to Beverly this summer; though, should we do so, I will write to you before hand. I am glad to hear that the other children are doing so well. Enclosed is the ribbon. I hope that it will please you, it was the prettiest that Ellie could find. Should there be any other article that I can procure you, it will give me pleasure to do so. I am not certain about my election; but be the result as it may, my friends have acted nobly in my cause.  [note 2] I am very much pressed at this time with studies and letter writing; though a few more weeks will close our session. Tell Doctor B. that his son is in good health. All of my wife's family are at home now, with the exception of one brother, who is in Pa. One of her brothers who is a lawyer in Philadelphia has brought home his bride; having married last Thursday.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am endeavoring to get an answer about Mrs. Hilley's money: and if I do not get it soon I shall go and see about it in person, and will have the matter settled either one way or the other. Remember me to her and to all my other friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to my other relations.\u003cbr\u003e\nTJJ\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Note 1 - Reference to the death of Laura's infant daughter, Laura Zell Arnold (b. Dec. 1853 d. May 1854).]\n[Note 2 - Reference to Jackson's pending application for a professorship at the University of Virginia. Shortly after this letter was written, the University's Board awarded the position to another candidate.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nEllie \u0026amp; myself hope to be with you this day week (Saturday).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish you would say to Mrs. Hillie that I have failed in my efforts to procure her any assistance. I much regret this. I do not know of any person belonging to the Staunton Lodge who would have been more likely of success than Mr. Watts, the gentleman to whom I entrusted it.\nYour Brother Thomas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Laura,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Major is so busy with his duties at the Institute that he has commissioned me to finish this letter for him. Indeed, I have scarcely seen him today. He wishes me to say to you that he hopes you will not exert yourself by making any preparations to receive us; he does not want you to weary yourself or injure your health on our account. The weather is so extremely warm just now that we quite fear the ride in stage, but we hope to find it cooler further among the mountains.\nYours affect.\u003cbr\u003e\nEllie Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExcuse this hasty note as I am much pressed with business. Mr. Bledsoe of Kentucky was elected at the University to the chair for which I was a candidate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHealing Springs, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 24th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Laura,\u003cbr\u003e\nWe intended to have written last week to you concerning our journey and safe arrival here, but it was postponed from day to day as such things often are. The journey over the mountains was exceedingly tiresome to me, as the road over the Cheat Mt. had been newly macadamized \u0026amp; the load was heavy for two horses. We had a very agreeable companion\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[at top of page]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Major says they did not know when they would make any mass at the Bath Alum, but he says if you want it he will direct them to send you a keg of it, but he expects the transportation will cost a good deal. companion with us, whose vivacity and intelligence beguiled our way very much. His name was Henry O. Middleton \u0026amp; he is a great land owner \u0026amp; speculator. Much of his talk was about land. It was nine o'clock when we reached Monterey and we left it at two in the morning, so we did not have very much rest-- but by lying down on the seat with my head on the Major's knees \u0026amp; Mr. Middleton's overcoat for a pillow I rested somewhat \u0026amp; did not feel the jolting so terribly as I did sometimes. At Yager's where we dined, they had according to the Major's request a fine dish of trout and I can assure you we did full justice to them. We did not go all the way to Staunton on Saturday, but stopped 15 miles short of it at Dudley's. From there the landlord brought us over to Oakland on the other turnpike. There we stayed over Sunday and on Monday evening we took the stage again. That night we slept at Cloverdale \u0026amp; the next day we came on here, stopping to breakfast at the Bath Alum.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Major inquired there for the mass according to your wish but they had none and were making none. There were very few visitors there.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe reached these Springs about noon on Tuesday. A good many people have come since we did and now I suppose there are 50 or 60 here. The water is disagreeably warm to drink, but is very pleasant to bathe in. I drink about 5 glasses a day \u0026amp; the Major drinks more. They keep an excellent table and we get the very nicest brown bread, plenty of venison \u0026amp; other meat and twice they had tomatoes, but they were brought from Richmond. They have been examining my face this morning \u0026amp; I think it is a little improved.  I let the water run over it when I was in the bath. The Major thinks the water is doing him good. He joins with me in sending love to you \u0026amp; the children \u0026amp; compliments to Mr. Arnold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours Affect.\nE.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNov. 14th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYou must excuse this short letter and also my not having written to you at an earlier day, for my eyes have become so bad as to make me very careful with them. You wrote to me that should your health not prevent your coming to see me that I might have expected your arrival several days since. I went to the Hotel to see whether you had attempted such a journey. Though I would like to see you, and appreciate your very sisterly affection, yet I would not like for you to attempt coming over such a road, with all its harassments, so do not attempt it. When my next vacation vacation will enable me to leave (which I cannot do now without neglecting my duties) I trust that God will again permit me to see your face.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Ellie thought to pass over the stage route from here to Beverly was a hard undertaking for her. After she returned home she was pleased with her visit. She has now gone on a glorious visit though through a gloomy portal. Her companion are of the glorified Host. I look forward with delight to the day when I shall join her. Religion is all that I desire it to be. I am reconciled to my loss and have joy in hope of a future reunion where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest. I am much obliged to you for you kind desire to come and stay with Ellie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLex. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 20th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have learned with pleasure that your health has improved and I hope that you may not for many a day to come {need} any more medicine. I have gone to both of our book stores but in neither one could be found the books which you require. If you desire it and will let me know I will get one of our merchants when in Philadelphia next month to get them if they are to be had. The spelling book is here but the others I doubt whether they will ever be here unless specially ordered.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have just written to Wirt I to have done so some time since but have been prevented by my eyes. He is at Mount Vernon Indiana where he recently returned from California. He saw hard times and was glad to get back even with his life, though he brought some money $340 dollars.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy eyes are improving but still I have to be careful with them, the spots continue to float before them. I am obliged to you for your kind suggestion not to hurt them even in writing to you. Maggie has been in Philadelphia for about three months for her health. Is there anything of Dear Ellie's which you would like to have, her pencil, her glasses or anything else?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Note: the last page of this document contains a handwritten copy of a letter not in our collection]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va\u003cbr\u003e\nJanuary 24th 1854\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nMy eyes have improved so that I hope to be able sometim next month to write you a letter.  I received your letter yesterday.  Maggie is in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate\u003cbr\u003e\nbrother Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 20th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI sometime since received a letter from Wirt in which he stated that he was at Uncle Alfred Neales, and that he intended going to your house as soon as the weather should settle. He requested me to answer him immediately directing my letter to him at Beverly. I at once replied and I suppose that the letter has reached its destination ere this. He writes a good hand and a sensible letter. He expresses his intention of going to California or his desire to do so. This I\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[text below continues from page 4; it appears on the left and top margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehere but I am unable to select for fear that you may have them or that they may not suit your taste. Remember me very kindly to Wirt when he arrives, to Mr. A., to all the family and to all enquiring friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehope he will relinquish. I am inclined to the belief that he would probably do as well by making Civil Engineering his profession as at any thing else to which he could turn his attention under present circumstances. But of this I can not speak definitely. He must judge of this for himself. Try and get him to stay with you if you can, until I come and get him to study arithmetic \u0026amp; geography and history: and for this purpose lend him Rollin's ancient history. If Wirt will study Latin I will give him lessons during the summer and put him in the way of learning it so that he can teach Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will also if he will consent to do so give him instruction in the different sciences, of Algebra, Geometry and in Engineering and other branches of necessary education and bring with me the necessary books. If he thinks that it will take up too much time for a perfect education, he can take enough for an Engineer in the course of a few months. He can then commence the practice on some of our internal improvements. I have an idea that he might succeed well in this sphere of life. He could whilst practicing his profession make himself a good historian, but it would be the safer plan to get a good education before he commences the practice of the profession.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that for the present Wirt will conclude to teach and then he can as he progresses with his education decide on his profession. I am anxious to know as soon as practicable his determination. I think that the plan of staying in Beverly and taking up a school is the proper one for him if all things are favorable to it, so far as obtaining Mr. Arnold's approbation and a moderate school. I send you two styles of writing but I would not advise the use of but one. If you will let me know which you have selected I can send you [some] others when wanted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI bought four papers of seed, but can only find three. If you will name the kind of seed you want I think that I can probably get them for there is a variety\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter appears in margin on page 1] \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLex. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 4th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 30th ult. And Thomas' came by this days mail. I feared from what I recently heard that Wirt's mind had not entirely recovered. And as such appears to be the case from your letter, it might be dangerous for him to be closely confined. He told me in his letter that he was not qualified for any occupation except farming and that he did not have the means for this. I therefore make two offers to him. One is to purchase the farm worth a thousand dollars and let him go on it, and have all that he can make. The other is the system of education which I have already stated to you. Now if you can let him know this in such a manner as to be acceptable to him, I wish you to do so. If you think that such can not be done, then let me know it. He ought not to feel hurt at any assistance which I offer to give him, because he is my brother. Should he conclude to go on the farm, I want him to read during his spare time and having a good memory he can become a good historian. Should he prefer going on a farm, I think it would be well to select one in such a position as will enable him easily to dispose of his produce. He might in a few years be able to refund the money used. I would not charge him any interest. I have not got a thousand dollars on hand now; but expect to have in a few months. Wirt might be looking him out a place suitable farm so that when I come West we go together and see it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sorry that your eyes are so much impaired, but hope that they will be better before this reaches you. I would recommend you to fill a basin full of water and put your face under the water and hold your eyes open in it as long as you can hold your breath. Just do this once whenever your eyes are very painful. This is the course which I am now pursuing. I do it about six times a day in cold water \u0026amp; the water should be as cold as when just drawn from the well or taken from the river. My eyes are quite bad at present. Don't write but make Thomas do it for you. I would be glad if Wirt would write to me. Tell Thomas that I shall answer his letter in a few days and that I am very thankful to him for it. Tell him that I am much pleased with his good spelling. I sent the primer and reader by the last mail. Give my love to all and the family and Wirt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 1st, 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nDay before yesterday, I received a letter from Wirt written, at Uncle Alfred's. he says that his health had improved and that he ploughed nearly all the preceding day. He also stated that there is a school a short distance below the Island, and that he wants to go to school there when his health is sufficiently reestablished. He says that he likes Mr. Arnold \"very much\" and that you treated him \"like a brother.\" I am pleased with his letter, and if he continues at Uncle Alfred's, I want to visit him this summer. I should not for a moment suspect from his composition that his mind was injured. He speaks plainly and sensibly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that before this, you have recovered at least the usual use of your eyes and that all things are moving on pleasantly. How is Thomas getting along with his studies?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis a rainy day here, but is rather brighter that it was early in the morning. I have received the railing for dear Ellie's grave and this summer expect to take steps for the Tomb stones to be brought from Philadelphia. I intend to have them of Italian marble. The iron railing is neat and when I put it up it will be about three feet high.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePure and lovely companion of my happier days, I feel that she has entered upon the blissful enjoyment of which the human mind cannot have a clear conception. Ere many long years roll by I hope to be with her, where there will be no more separation. We loved each other on Earth and shall that love be diminished in eternity I do not believe it, but on the contrary will be greatly enhanced. Had I one request on Earth to ask in accordance with my own feelings and apart from duty it would be that I might join her before the close of another day after this. I have many pleasures here, but I believe that there are greater in reserve beyond this life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you want me to bring any thing in July, let me know in your next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive me love to all the family \u0026amp; to all inquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 18th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter post marked 10th Inst. came a few days after I had written to Mr. Watts of Staunton in reference to Mrs. Hilley and he tells me in his reply that the grand lodge could not do any thing for want of Jurisdiction and that the Staunton Lodge could not give assistance for want of funds. A recent house built by this lodge  has prevented any aid from this source. Mr. W. said \"We have purchased a very fine lodge room at a heavy expense, and all the means we can well share must go to pay for it.\" So you see how hopeless the case is. Say to Mrs. Hilley that I much regret this issue of the application. I had hoped that something would have been done, but as the Staunton and the grand lodges have both failed, I don't see that any thing is to be hoped for in this section of the state.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJulia last week purchased two collars for you but she could not find a suitable belt. I afterwards went in search of one, but with a similar result. There are plenty of them, but not such as please me, so I intend postponing the purchase until I reach Staunton. I could get a bonnet but I am afraid that it would get broken. I shall think it over when I am in Staunton. The [shawl] I have had no opportunity as yet of sending for. I shall try and bring you some slips from dear Ellie's flowers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt will give me much pleasure to teach Thomas while I am with you. I have a few old clothes which I will take with me. I much obliged for your kindness in reference to the shirts but don't let any thing be touched until I see you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWirt has not written since your last.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Mrs. Hilley \u0026amp; to Miss El[illegible] and to other enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to all the family. I hope that Aunt and Cousin John's health have improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Alfred's\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 10th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe object of this note is to state that I was prevented from going on the Hall place. But I learned that she there are 637 1/2 acres to be sold on the 20th of this month. This land is composed of the Hall place, the School Croft place \u0026amp; the Thorpe place, none of which I wish to purchase. It is estimated that it will go at from three to five thousand dollars \u0026amp; is by all regarded as valuable property.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs my eyes continue weak you must excuse this brief letter. Wirt sends his love \u0026amp; thanks for the articles of clothing and says that he wants you to write to him, that he has only received that one short note from you though he has written several letters. Uncle's family are in usual health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 3rd 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAs my eyes are still troubling me, you must excuse this brief note. I left Wirt on Thursday of week before last with the understanding that he would start for Missouri on the following Monday. There he designed going to farming on some land of mine which I am to purchase. He is to have some more schooling after he gets located, and I hope that he will do well. He was troubled about the promise which he made to you of paying you a visit. I advised him to go at once and select some place where he would like to live and that I would write to you. It was important that he should as soon as practicable get fixed in some pursuit. His mind was unsettled and flying from thing to thing, and it appears that the course he was prevailed on to take is the best for him. He had learned but very little at school previous to my going to the River. But with the start I gave him in grammar I hope that he will become a good grammarian. I want him to study spelling writing and grammar. I hope that you will write to me soon approving his course and excusing him from his promise. I feet well satisfied that you would do so when I counseled him at once to locate himself. Give my love to all the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter to Wirt appears to have had a good influence on him such as to induce him to relinquish his idea of returning to Indiana. Yet he has gone beyond what I authorized him to do by purchasing a farm at eight dollars per acre. I restricted him to seven at most. But notwithstanding if Cousin Wm. Neale will approve of the bargain I have determined to advance eleven hundred dollars. I well know that there is a risk but it appears to me that I ought to run this risk for him. He made the purchase without consulting Cousin Wm. and it may be that he has been cheated. I have written to Uncle Alfred to forward between seven and eight hundred dollars if he thinks it should be done, but with the condition that the contract is to be approved by Cousin Wm. and the deed to be made out in my name. Wirt says that he has paid ninety five dollars of the purchase money by selling his horse to the person from whom he purchased.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Thomas left for home yesterday and I left at the house where he was staying a testament for him to carry to Mrs. Hilley. It may possibly be that it was not delivered to him, please let me know whether Mrs. Hilley gets it. He was not in when I left the book and he told me afterwards that he had not received it, but I requested him to ask for it before leaving.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Mr. Arnold that I want to get about two thousand acres of land warrant and ask him whether he could purchase me any if I were to forward the money and at about what price does he think it can be procured. I do not want to make any purchases until after Christmas as the general impression I believe is that the price will be lower about that time, but I would like to know what it is worth now. Tell him that my intention is to let the land lay after purchasing it for a number of years without selling it and that as the lands in Kansas are less culled over than those in the free states I will for the same amount of money get better land and that Kansas will almost certainly be a free state and this will give the advantage of a free state in selling should I years hence wish to dispose of them. Ask him what he thinks of these views. Tell him that I have been told there is considerable good land in Illinois still unappropriated and if so I want to lay warrants on some of it as it must ultimately command a high price.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope Mr. Campbell will come on and that you will be able to keep him. Aunt Clem told me in a recent letter that soon after my leaving she was laid up from\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter appears in margin of this and previous pages]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharly \u0026amp; Julia took prizes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received Dear Ellie's tomb stones today enclosed a draft of the head stone, it has a full blown rose and a rose bud on the top. William Junkin my youngest brother-in-law is to be married tomorrow to Miss Anna Anderson a lovely a pretty girl. Our synod was a delightful assembly. Your affectionate brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 6th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 29th Sept. came safely and I am obliged to you for your advise in regard to Wirt, and I agree with you in regard to the course to be pursued. I had previously taken precautions against any such consequences as you refer to. My arrangement with regards to the purchase of land is this. That he should go out and make a selection of such a farm as would fulfill certain conditions, and previous to the purchase the transaction must be approved by Uncle Alfred Neale in the event of his being in Missouri at the time, if not then Cousin William Neale must approve of it. Upon complying with all the conditions, Uncle Alfred Neale is to forward endorse a note which I left in his hands and after getting the money out of the Bank to forward a check for it on [N. T.?] payable to the order of Cousin William Neale. And when the deed is made out in my name Cousin William is to pay the money. So the money is entirely beyond Wirt's control. Cousin Wm. Neale has advised Wirt to do as you recommended, viz. to raise stock \u0026amp; I suppose that he will do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen Wirt shall have purchased land, then I expect to furnish him some money to enable him to work it. This he may be able to dispose of, but I will be on my guard about entrusting him with it if there is any danger of [Will?/him?] going back to Uncle Thornton's\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am thankful to you for having written a plain letter to Wirt upon his conduct. I have received a letter from Wirt dated Sept. 19th in which he states that he had reached William Neale's but in going up the Mississippi River the boat was s[wamp?]ed and he left his berth to go forward leaving his purse under his pillow and when he returned it was gone. He says that the country is very healthy. But that improved land is worth from 25 to 30 dollars per acre. Cousin Wm. has advised him to go elsewhere and he is going to look at the lands of Johnson County. He expresses himself pleased with the country and I hope that he may do well. I do not want him to go into a free state if it can be avoided for he would probably become an abolitionist and then in the event of trouble between the N \u0026amp; S he would stand on one side and we on the opposite. Tell Mr. Arnold that next year I want to go West and make investments in land and would be glad could he go along and make some purchases for himself if he desires to make such.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter in margins of this and previous pages]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Woodson says that he acknowledges his obligation to assist Wirt but that he is not able. I agree with him that land in a free state rises most rapidly. But I have a scheme on hand which I think approve of and which I will give in my next.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNov. 3rd 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would not omit to let me know Mr. Arnold's views in your next and whether he thinks that he will go with me and the prospect of buying say one thousand acres of land warrant \u0026amp; the price per acre.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wrote to James Dicks a few days since, and the reference to his putting up stones at Brother Warren's grave, and I wish that you would drop him a line as soon as convenient giving the days of his birth and death. If you have my letter upon the subject of his death you may find one of the dates from it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI got Aunt Coty Williams to go with me to Father's and our sisters graves and made arrangement with her for having the graves fixed up so far as renewing the Earth over them and I hope that before a [great while?] we shall be able to erect stones.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Cadets have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond but are expected to be home today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT.J.J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNov. 13th 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[fragment; only top portion exists]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e...it as he was going West to buy land, and gave his note payable in two months. So your....\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[fragment; only top portion exists]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e-pects be applied as I originally designed. He wrote to me that he could get two hundred dollars for his bargain and if so will have done well by the purchase and sale of it again. I don't know what to do about him. I told him at the time that I made the proposition not to accept of it unless he felt it would be to his interest, and I wrote in reply to his letter expressing the advantages that Indiana offered, that if he was dissatisfied with our engagement not to consider himself bound by it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCousin Hardin Neale it appears is really consumptive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very affectionately to all the family and very kindly to all inquiring relatives \u0026amp; friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nChristmas 1855\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has given me pleasure in various ways. I am glad to know that you can find time from your play to write me so good a letter and hope that you will write frequently. I am sorrowed that your mule should have been so unmannerly as to throw you off \u0026amp; even after doing this should kick you, but now since your Pa has sold him all such accidents I hope will be avoided for the future.  I remember having once been served pretty much the same way by one of those kicking creatures. It happened in this way I went with Cousin Wm. Brake whom your mother can tell you about to bring some mules home one Sunday Morning, and as I was riding down a long hill somehow or other I not only got over the mark across his shoulders but he got me over his head and jumped clear over me and way he went \u0026amp; from that day to this I have not been very fond of mule riding. You know they kick out to one side like a cow.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have corrected your letter \u0026amp; believing that you would understand the corrections better if I returned the letter with the corrections I have concluded to return it with this. And now I am not going to look over my letter, and I expect that there are some mistakes in it \u0026amp; if so I wish when you read it that you would point them out to your Pa or Ma and tell me of them when you next write, and if there are many you can just correct them, and return the letter thus corrected. I hope that you will get to a good school this Winter. I saw Doctor Bosworth this morning at the Hotel or Tavern in Town. He is up paying his son John a visit during the Christmas holidays \u0026amp; I wish that you would go \u0026amp; tell Mrs. Bosworth that I saw him \u0026amp; tell her also that John is well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Doctor told me that he thought that you would have a good teacher in Town this winter. I hope that you will get enough money to buy a calf and that you will grow up to be a good \u0026amp; wise man.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to your Father, Mother, Grace \u0026amp; Stark.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Uncle\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJany 14th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Aunt,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter enclosing Wirt's \u0026amp; its accompanying bonds came safely. And in reply I would state that I even desire that my feelings may never get the better of my judgement. And certainly from all the light now before me it would be in violation of my judgement to aid Wirt until he gives evidence of being a reliable and straight forward person. Though he promised in his letters to give a portion of each to [parsing?] as I had taught him. Yet he has not so much as attempted anything in any of his letters, and it appears \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[top margin text is end of letter, see page 2]\nunless they are responsible persons. that though he promised you not to purchase the watch, yet he violated his promise to you and excused himself by saying that the man made him do so. For the present and until he satisfies me that it would be proper to give him aid I must decline doing it. But it will give me pleasure to assist whenever I can do so with the consciousness that he will do what is right.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell uncle that I am anxiously looking for the check from him on New York City as I want to forward funds there as soon as practicable. Much love to uncle and to all the family. Please let me hear from you soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI return one of Wirt's papers and will return the others letter hereafter. The deed is to be made to Wirt \u0026amp; this not until is directly the reverse of his obligations \u0026amp; the time of making the deed is deferred until the last purchase money shall be paid \u0026amp; then if they cannot make it, there it ends unless they are responsible persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby. 18th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI expect that you have been expecting a letter for several mails as I am several mails behind my time, and acting upon the principle that late is better than never I have concluded to appropriate a portion of this afternoon to a little talk with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy paper you see is variegated with colors by obviously not much beautified by such acquisition. This varied appearance has resulted not from color but from the absence of color produced by spilling some nitric acid on it \u0026amp; it has given me about a [illegible] of the same stamp. Tell Thomas he must never give up his Latin grammar nor his English either. That if he perseveres that he may expect to find both of great use after awhile. Tell him that his uncle had to study hard for years at more difficult things than the Latin \u0026amp; grammar and that after he learns it, that it will all be very easy. Tell him also that I want a letter from him when he finds time to write. But he must make himself perfect master of his spelling book and grammar now when he is young and then he may expect to write correct letters, but without knowing these two books he can hardly expect to write correctly. Because all correct writing must have the words spelled correctly and written grammatically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow is cousin John getting? I have not yet written to him, but if your next letter brings the news of his life being prolonged I think that I will try and write very soon after. My time is taken up during the day and I am afraid to write at night. But my eyes are improving. I have no recent news of Wirt at least for several weeks \u0026amp; I do not know where he is. The last I heard from him was through a letter written to Aunt Clem. Cousin Hardin appointed Uncle Alfred his administrator. If Cousin John is still living, give him my warm remembrances \u0026amp; hope that the visions of the future may grow brighter until faith is lost in reality of those joys which passeth all understanding. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter has come safely, and I am glad to learn that you are in such an exuberant flow of spirits and hope that such much may long continue.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received, and answered your other letter in regard to the tombstones at Brother Warren's grave. But as I usually answer letters from recollection, thus saving my eyes from rereading, I forgot \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter from page 4 appears on margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eto answer that particular inquiry, but remembered it afterwards and should have answered it. In this: I wish to put stones to his grave and also to Father's \u0026amp; sister's, and also to Mother's if I knew certainly the spot, but it appears to me that it would be best to put all up at the same time during the coming year. But if you would prefer having Warren's put up now, write to Jas. Dicks \u0026amp; ask him to do so, and pay him the twelve dollars, and ask Doctor Bosworth if it will not suit him to let you have my part of the expense and let me pay it over to Colonel Smith here the same amount for him, it will save him the risk of the losing it by mail, in the event of his sending his money by mail. But should it not be convenient for the Doctor to do so, and you can spare the money until I shall have an opportunity of getting a check I will forward it to you and should there be other expenses beyond twelve dollars I will share them with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe congregation here to which I belong have objects to which they subscribe of much more importance to them than your Academy can be, that I am well satisfied that your application would meet with little or no favor here, and I would advise that no effort should be made. We have six annual contributions, and then certain others which are first recommended by over session, and I am well satisfied that the session would consider other objects as more demanding their recommendation than the academy. You need not be afraid of the opposing party doing anything here if they were to do so it would give me an opportunity which I would embrace if at home of urging your claims.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end continues margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nNow for a letter to you, but I would much rather talk to you if you were here, but as I can't talk with you I do not intend biting off my nose by delaying myself the pleasure of writing. Thanks to you for your correction of my letter. And now let us see how many errors you can find in this yours. And now let us read your letter together, and let us number the wrong words. No (1) means to exclude, you wished to tell me to receive, just the reverse of this, and should have said accept. No. 2 should begin with the capital E because the word is an adjective derived from the name of a nation. No. 3 should for the same reason begin with L. No. 4 should be piece, look in your dictionary for both words piece \u0026amp; peace. No. 5 wants an e at the end. I hope that your finger has perfectly recovered. I am much pleased with your letter and want you to write often. Your little sealing wax experiment had much gratified me. And now I hope that you will put all the words which I corrected for you down on a separate piece of paper and memorize them safely so that when I next visit you they can all be repeated by you, Grace and Stark.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am glad to see them doing so well in their studies. And if you study your Latin grammar well, I think that you will be apt to like it after you become well acquainted with it. We generally like those things best which we can do the best. We usually find that the little boy who can run faster than any other boy fond of running races and the one who can read the best of any in his class fond of reading. And the man who can talk better and speak better than others fond of talking and speaking. I want to see you a good talker, but especially a good speaker and your Latin is very important in making you a good speaker, and so study it with all your might. Besides the correction of my letter let us see if you can correct these words viz.: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter continues on margins of page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelfia, Pensilvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to all the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate\u003cbr\u003e\nUncle Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 12th, 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nThanks for your letter and excuse me for not having answered it sooner. I have been unsuccessful in procuring seed as our seed seller of last year did not bring them on this year. But the apothecary chanced to have a few on hand from which I have selected two papers. The assortment is very poor and small.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that you would drop a note to Mr. Criss or to Cousin Elizabeth and see whether he could not see to putting up the stones at the graves of Father \u0026amp; Sister, and ask what they will come to including the cost of putting them up. And if you can get it attended to I will advance the money at any time for the purpose but before closing the terms let me know because if they are not as good as I can get elsewhere I had better have it done. But it appears to me that all the\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[part of end of letter appears on this page]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebe absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you. probabilities are in favor of getting it done cheaper in by Mr. Criss than I could get it done abroad from Clarksburg. I have not been able to ascertain the cost of railing for you but intend writing to Phil. about it. The railing around Ellie's grave was about one dollar and a half per foot.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaggie left for Phil. last Saturday. I received a letter from Wirt in which he expresses his probable intention of going West again and I understand from his language that he means California; as he speaks of going over the plains or some such phraseology. I have been trying to find his letter but have not succeeded at this time. I fear that I will not get to Beverly this summer as I am very anxious to go direct to Washington City, \u0026amp; begin my work of finding out and locating land and as I may have much to do in the West in endeavoring to find out the best land \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter in margins of page 1 and 2]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eall my time may be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me hear from you soon. I hope that Thomas has received my letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had a great revival of religion here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 19th/56\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Aunt,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou may ere this have wondered at my long silence. And it has not resulted from not having thought of you, but this year like the past has been much occupied with my professional duties and I have not yet finished a new book which I am teaching this year on astronomy. But by the way I think that you are a letter in my debt. But with those I love I don't wish to stand on formalities, and you see from the size of my paper that you are not to be troubled with a long epistle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd you are probably by this time beginning to think that he has not much to say or else he would commence setting about it. But such is not the case, for we have such an outpouring of the Spirit of God in our churches here as I never remember of having seen elsewhere. Your branch of the church has recently been increased though I can not say how much. The Episcopal church about a week since took in nearly twenty five and from present appearances I suppose that about fifty will join the Presbyterian church in a few days when we are to have our commission. The Baptist church is also being blest, and I think that we may reasonably expect more than one hundred from this revival. I feel very thankful to God for such divine blessings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish that Laura was here. I want you dear Aunt to make her one of the number for whom you regularly pray. What answer did she give you in regard to your very kind and Christian letter to her. Pray that the Glorious work of grace here may go on. Laura appears to be blest with unusual good health this summer. I wrote to Wirt sometime since a letter of very plain talk about the same that I wrote to you in regard to him. It was the result of a letter which he wrote to me. I thought that in reply I had better be plain even though he should take offence. For he would then see that I only wish to have business transactions with persons who were entirely reliable. Please give much love to Uncle \u0026amp; to all the family. Remember that I attach unusual importance to your letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate nephew\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 6th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter came safely. And I begin my reply now though I shall not mail it until Monday. As yet I have not heard from Phil. in regard to the railing, but I may do so by the time of forwarding this. In regard to the tomb stones, I wish as soon as you receive an answer in reference to them, and shall have determined on the price \u0026amp; the time that they are to be put up you would let me know because in the event of their being put up before September I must make my arrangements before starting West. And I wish to know the amount as I desire to employ all of my spare funds in the purchase of lands. Doctor Bosworth will pay you fifteen dollars for me, in return for money which he wrote to me to give his son John this coming summer, but it will not be due until sometime in July as he proposed returning it to me in Beverly this summer supposing that I would visit Beverly. And if the man comes to Beverly as I suppose he does from his furnishing stones for Cousin John's grave, had I not better send the money to you and get you to pay him, getting Cousin Criss to see that he does the work properly. I expect Col. Augustus Smith here this month from Clarksburg and if you can't arrange the matter otherwise, I may be able to arrange it through him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn reference to Wirt, I am interested in his welfare and had he followed my advice I feel that he would most certainly have been benefited by it. I wrote to him not long since in answer to a letter from him. Ask Mr. Arnold if there is anything which I can do for him this summer in the way of locating land warrants or otherwise. Tell him that my present purpose is to go to Washington from here and after finding out all that I can there in reference to Western lands, to pass into Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and probably Arkansas and say to him that I design following out Transcript\nhis idea of locating some land in a Northern state, but that I am a little afraid to put much there for fear that in the event of dissolution of the Union, that the property of Southerners may be confiscated. I want to locate about three thousand acres, maybe a little more, and if I can please myself will probably put down about one half of it in a Northern state. I would be thankful for suggestions from Mr. Arnold if he has any to make. As yet I have not purchased \nThis is Monday afternoon and no news as yet in regard to the railing by my next letter you may expect to hear about the cost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to all the family. I hope that Thomas is doing well in his Latin and English grammar.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 9th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI sail in the steam ship Asia for Europe at 12 o'clock today for Liverpool. The reasons for doing so I will give in my next. I gave John Bosworth an order on the Lexington book for thirty dollars and requested that the money should be returned to you. This will do for Father's and sister's graves. Don't ask Mr. Arnold for any money, but if you have not ten dollars to pay Jim Dix [?] for Brother Warren's, you may expect me to advance it when I return next fall.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMuch love to all\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShip Asia at Sea\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 18th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou have doubtless been surprised at my sudden leaving for Europe instead of going West to purchase or locate land. You may remember that in 1851 I had a nine months leave of absence for the purpose of visiting Europe, but that Col. Smith induced me to relinquish the idea for the time, holding out to me an opportunity at some future time, and that I accordingly did postpone my comtemplate[d] trip.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis year as the time for going West drew near, I became more and more discouraged in regard to investing money in such distant lands, and a gentleman with whom I conversed and who has had much experience told me that he did not think it a safe and profitable investment. Another friend told me that he had come very near losing a part of his, in consequence of his being so far off as to interfere with his giving sufficient attention to it. And I have rather concluded to keep my money invested in stocks of different kinds and thus get my dividends regularly and trust to the blessing of Providence for gradually increasing my worldly goods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThus circumstanced I a few days before starting concluded that an opportunity was now offered of going to Europe which would probably never again be presented to me. What should I do with the two months this before me was a question which I did not know how to solve satisfactorily. You are a very kind and affectionate sister. Yet even with you I would be reminded of the loss of that happiness which I once enjoyed with Dear Ellie. So I have to some extent torn myself away from that state of mind which I feared should my summer have been passed at home or in the W. States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you will be able to get up the tomb stones by the aid of thirty dollars from Dr. Bosworth. But don't ask anything of Mr. A and when I return I will let you have what ever may be wanting should you not be able to get along with what you have.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI expect to visit Liverpool, London, Paris, Genoa, Florence, Pisa, Rome, Naples, Brussels, Antwerp, Edinburgh, and some other points of interest. I wish you would write me a letter to N.Y. City during the first week of October. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family. Kindest regards to all inquiring relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNaples\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 9th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou must excuse my long silence as I have been much pressed for time, and now barely hasten to drop you a line.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince landing at Liverpool I have been at Glasgow, Sterling Castle \u0026amp; Edinburgh Scotland, York, London \u0026amp; other places in England; Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo \u0026amp; other places in Belgium. Since then I have passed through Aix La Chapellr, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main,[? going] ascended the Rhine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom Frankfort I proceeded to Heidelberg and thence on to Baden Baden in Germany, Strasbourg in France, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Geneva \u0026amp; the city of Geneva in Switzerland, and so on to the great ice berg called Mer de Glas that is sea of ice. I continued in Switzerland for about a week and crossed the Alps by the Simplon Pass as it is called through which Napoleon entered Italy. The scenery of Switzerland is very grand.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon entering Italy I passed on through the cities of Milan, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn and finally to this place. With Venice, Florence and Naples I have been very much gratified. I was at the volcano of Vesuvius last Friday and went about half way down one of the active craters. The scene was truly grand this evening. I leave for Rome. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 25th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI forwarded to you after returning home a few lines, and with pleasure now appropriate a few minutes to say where I have been during my absence. As to telling what I saw a volume of several hundred pages would be required, but should I ever be permitted to see you I trust that I will be able to pass several hours in narrating my travels.  I was unable to come through Beverly and see you. I was several days later returning home than I had designed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter reaching Liverpool I passed town to the old town of Chester and then out to the Residence of the Marquis of Westminster. His house is called Eaton Hall. Afterwards I returned to Liverpool and preceded North into Scotland passing through Glasgow, Sterling and Edinburgh. After leaving Edinburgh I returned to England visiting York, the residence of Oliver Cromwell, the University of Cambridge \u0026amp; London city. I took a steamboat to the continent landing at Antwerp and passing on to Brussels, Waterloo, Aix la Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Coblentz, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Berne, Freiburg, [illegible], Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas (sea of ice) over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass. Milan, Verona, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Naples, Rome, Genoa, Marseilles, Lyons, Paris, Calais, London, Liverpool, N. York, home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI could talk to you with much pleasure about the very many things of much interest. Tell Thomas that I intend answering his letter in a few days. I am much gratified that you are putting up the grave stones. Should you want any more funds let me know. I found two letters from Wirt waiting for me at home. I will send him a check for thirty dollars if I can get one on N. York for that amount.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[end of letter in bottom margin page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMuch love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington,Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 27th 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy very dear Aunt,\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is with pleasure that God again permits me to write to you from my adopted home. Your kindness and that of Uncle has not been forgotten but when you hear where I was during my short absence you will not be surprised at not hearing from me, as my time was even too short to see well what came within the range of my journey. After leaving Liverpool, I passed to Chester \u0026amp; Eaton Hall and from thence returning I visited Glasgow Lochs Lomond \u0026amp; [Katrine] Sterling Castle. Edinburgh, York, London, Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Aix La Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Freiberg, Geneva, Mer de Glas, over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass, Naples, Rome, Marseilles, Paris, London, Liverpool, home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI would like to have a long talk with you all about the many interesting things which came under my observation, but must forgoe the pleasure for the present and to attempt to write about it would be unsatisfactory as a long letter would hardly touch upon the subject. You were doubtless surprised at my sudden determination not to go west but to go to the \"Old World.\" My friends discouraged me so much that about the time that I had contemplated starting as induced me not to go and as my summer was then left unappropriated it appeared as Providence had opened the way for my long contemplated visit and I am much gratified at having gone.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have determined to send by the next mail a check to Wirt for thirty dollars and as I have not been able to get a check on N.Y. from any bank I have shall send one signed by myself on the person with whom my money is deposited. Should Wirt not be able to pass it, I have requested him to send it to Uncle Alfred hoping that Uncle will be able to get the Parkersburg bank to give a check in exchange. Should Uncle not be able to do so, please return it to me and I will write on to N. York and get a bill or check of deposit if necessary. I hope that their will be no occasion of forwarding it to Uncle. Give much love to uncle and to all the Family and remember that I am always glad to hear from you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate nephew, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington,Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 1st 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Nephew,\u003cbr\u003e\nThanks for your letter. I am glad that your teacher has come on and that you are hard studying amo and that you came off so well at the exhibition and I trust that by the time I get to see you that you will know a great deal about Latin and those books which you have just purchased. Remember that this is the 1st day of Winter and that cold weather is the best time for study, and also the best time for taking much exercise and that the harder one studies, the more exercise he should take for it gives him a clear head and a healthy body.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am much obliged to you all for sending those daguerreotypes \u0026amp; the sugar egg. I shall have much to talk about when we meet of the find paintings \u0026amp; sculpture, and beautiful countries through which I passed last summer. Tell Mr. Thomas when you have an opportunity that Mr. Lyle is much better and that he can walk about some in his room. And does your Pa like the new President Mr. Buch {Buchanan}.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile I was gone I saw some funny things too as well as pretty ones. I remember seeing in England in a town called Chester about 98 miles from Liverpool which I will mention presently as soon as I tell you that Chester is a town with a wall around it, and it and the city of York are about the only cities in England that are still walled and that the York walls are more recent than those of Chester and hence not so interesting as they don't tell us so much about the ancient Britons. It appears that the walls of Chester were built by the Britons in order to protect themselves from the Welsh who lived a little West of Chester. But now for that funny thing and what so you think it was. Well I went into their largest church (called a Cathedral) which once belonged to the Roman Catholics and there among many other things I saw a representation of the Devil in the shape of him swallowing a man feet foremost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI never knew before that Old Nick lived on men and I saw some other things which I would like to talk to you about.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me soon. Give much love to your Pa, Ma, to Grace \u0026amp; Stark and remember me to all inquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate uncle, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 6, 1856\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am glad to learn that you have secured a teacher \u0026amp; that she has been with you for some time, and I hope that she is such as you desire she should be. We have just been listening in our village to a series of lectures by Mr. O.P. Baldwin of Richmond. They were 4 in no., viz. \"Better time coming,\" \"Humbugs,\" \"Spirit Rappings,\" \u0026amp; \"Yankees \u0026amp; Southerners.\" As you may judge from their names they were more amusing than instructive. I heard the first three.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou would probably like to hear a little of my whereabouts during the past summer and I purpose on giving you a kind of journal should you so desire me. But should you get tired at any time just let me know. I believe that I said something to you in my last, but as I failed to take a note of my stopping points I shall again commence at Liverpool.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeaving Liverpool the same day of my landing I proceeded to the city of Chester which is about 18 miles from Liverpool and on entering the Hotel was met by a lady instead of a landlord as I had been accustomed in at home, and she wished to know whether I would have a room \u0026amp; After having secured my quarters I proceeded to the Cathedral, which is a large edifice formerly occupied by the Roman Catholics. At the door I was met by a man who upon learning where I was from inquired after the Fairfax family stating that the representative of that house lived in America and that he was entitled to the succession. It was about the hour of evening service. They have 2 services there per day and this was about 4 o'clock P.M.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe turned me over to the sexton who showed me to a seat upon the condition that I should not leave it until after the service was over. After service he showed me through the building which was quite interesting. Among other things were the seats for the friars or monks which were so constructed that should they become drowsy \u0026amp; forgetful of their duty, their seats suddenly dropt them on the floor \u0026amp; recalled their wandering thoughts. I walked around the wall and saw the tower on which King Charles the 1st stood \u0026amp; saw the defeat of his army at Routen Moor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMuch love to all the family \u0026amp; kind regards to all inquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby. 26, 1857\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 8th came safely. I regret that you should have been the loser of so many teeth. I don't like the idea of you being toothless, but as you say another set can be furnished by the dentist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a letter from Aunt Clem requesting me to lend Uncle Alfred two or four hundred dollars for Wirt to buy stock to drive to California. I did not have the money and even if I had should not have lent it for one reason among others is that if Wirt goes to California, he will probably throw himself away or be ruined.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have recently heard from him and he asks me to lend him thirty dollars but says nothing about going to C. I think that next month when our bank gets in operation that I will send him thirty dollars. I am unable to say whether I will first visit Beverly or North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOur winter has been very severe, but for near a fortnight we have had beautiful weather. The aspen is in bloom the and weeping willow is beginning to look green. I am still at Dr. Junkin's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTell Miss Eliza that if I should bring her a beau that she must not tell on me lest the old bachelors about Beverly should mob me for trampling on their toes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI infer from your letter that I was when I dropped my narrative at the Cathedral of Chester. After leaving Chester I passed to a beautiful estate of an English nobleman by the name of the Marquis of Westminster; he lives about three miles from the city, but after driving about half a mile I came to a beautiful gateway somewhat resembling the front of a fine building. Here the porter who had charge of it admitted me and I drove through a park containing about 1800 [or 1900] deer, the race course on which he tries his horses, etc. the fences being made of iron and the grounds containing a variety of luxuriant trees. After passing on thus for near 2 ½ miles, I came to a magnificent palace covered with pinnacles. Here after ringing the bell a servant of quite a gentlemanly appearance came to the door and admitted me by my giving him my ticket of admission which I had procured before leaving Chester. The interior of the building is magnificent. One of the rooms is copied from the celebrated Alhambra of Granada in Spain which was built by the Moors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo you wish me to send you the old clothes of which you spoke next summer. As they are not worth much the cost of transportation may cost more than they are worth. If you wish them sent let me know in your next. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI don't know whether you have yet returned from your visit to Aunt's but I will write to you now, as I have the time and might not have so much leisure in a few days hence and I will begin by stating that I have an invitation for you, and what do you think it is? \u0026amp; who from? For it is not often that I am authorized to send you invitations and especially pressing ones and I suppose you will begin to think or may think well what does he mean? Why doesn't he tell me at once \u0026amp; be done with it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWell you see I have finished \u0026amp; hope I am done with the first page of my letter \u0026amp; am running on at a tremendous rate, so that if I don't tell you soon, you will hardly get it all from this sheet. Well now having cultivated your patience a little as all women are said to have curiosity I will tell you that Miss Mary Anna Morrison, a friend of mine in the Western part of N. Carolina and in the Southern part of the State, is engaged to be married to an acquaintance of yours living in this village \u0026amp; she has requested me to urge you to attend her wedding in July next. To use her own words she says \"I hope your sister will come. You must urge her to do so. I should be very glad if she could come.\" The wedding is not to be large. I told her that I would give the invitation \u0026amp; having done so, feel that I am free from all further responsibility in the matter. I told her that I didn't think that you would be able to accept it, and if you can't just let me know in your next \u0026amp; transfer the invitation to your humble servant, and he will not decline, for he is very anxious to go as he is much interested in the ceremony \u0026amp; the occasion \u0026amp; the young lady is a very special friend of mine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that you have had a very pleasant trip to the River. I deposited in our bank a few days since twenty dollars \u0026amp; transferred the evidence of deposit to Wirt \u0026amp; forwarded it to him stating that he might expect more next July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe present which you made Ellie was never made up, \u0026amp; if you can dispose of it in any way I think that I will send it to you when John Bosworth goes home for I suppose that Anna would feel some delicacy in having it made up. Our weather is beautiful at present \u0026amp; I suppose that spring will rapidly advance now.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockbridge Alum Springs\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 11/ 57\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nSince my last we have visited Niagara, Saratoga \u0026amp; immediate places. As stated in my Richmond letter, I had expected to proceed from that point to your house, but an enlargement of one of the glands of Anna's neck induced me to consult a physician, \u0026amp; my concern was so great as to induce me to take her to Philadelphia where she consulted a Doctor Jackson of the University, \u0026amp; he was unable to decide as to the true character of the case. But whilst there, I met with Dr. Graham of Lexington in whom I have great confidence, \u0026amp; he advised me to bring her here after making a short tour.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe reached here last Wednesday evening and the enlargement has apparently diminished considerably since that time. We expect to remain here till near the close of my vacation \u0026amp; then return to Lexington. I regret that we have been unable to visit you this summer but I felt that under the circumstances it was my duty to make Anna's health the first object of concern. In coming from Staunton here I fell in with Cousin [Flo?] \u0026amp; her little boy on their way to the Healing Springs. Let me hear from you soon \u0026amp; if you can write before the 25th of this month, direct to this place, otherwise direct to Lexington. Give love to all. Anna joins me in love to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nNov. 1, 1857\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAgain I am blessed with the privilege of communing with you. My duties are ended for the week, I may say, as in my department there will be no more recitations this week. But at 4 o'clock the Faculty have a weekly meeting at the Superintendent's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThrough the continued blessings of Providence, my health continues to improve. At present, I suffer more with cold feet than anything else. I have been accustomed to bathing them in cold water; but they have cracked open so much as to render the discontinuance of it necessary. I have an invitation to a party this evening, but must decline going. The citizens of this place are such as I admire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have tried on my shirts and they fit very well with the exception of the collars which are not long enough in the band. Accept of my thanks for the present. How are Thos. and the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to see you next summer. I had a pleasant time at the Springs, but only visited the Rockbridge Alum, the Bath Alum and the Warm Springs. I saw the blowing cave: it is a remarkable curiosity. There is at one time a strong current of air rushing out and at another time, a strong current rushing in. There has never been but one mouth found to the cave. It is in Bath county and about eight miles from the Bath Alum Springs. My love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDecember 19/57\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou have probably been expecting a letter from me for some days. Owing to an inflammation of the tube leading to the ear and also inflammation of the throat (chronic) and very painful neuralgia, I have been constrained to give up my correspondence for a while. I never remember having suffered so much as within the last three weeks, and now I am compelled to use a vial of chloroform liniment per day externally and am also using a preparation of ammonia. The hearing of my right ear is impaired, but I trust not permanently. I have continued to attend to my recitations, notwithstanding my suffering. In a few days I hope to be free from pain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe eye medicine helped me for a while I think but I can't say that I have been permanently benefited, and I would advise you not to try the medicine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna is quite robust again. She joins me in love to you all. I wrote to Wirt, advising him to go to some active occupation and to read standard books and thus endeavor to apply his knowledge of grammar and become thus acquainted acquainted with the construction of the language- use is of great importance. His knowledge of the grammar considering the time he has given to it is discouraging. To keep him at school with such little progress is pretty much throwing away the money and time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me hear from you soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 8th, 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very welcome letter of last week reached me this morning and I am rejoiced to learn that you are so much concerned about \"the one thing needful.\" I have never believed that you would be lost. I have borne in mind that our sainted mother's prayers would not be forgotten by our Heavenly Father. Though dead, her prayers, I trusted would be precious in the sight of the Lord.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou wish to know how to come to God; so as to have your sins forgiven, and to receive \"the inheritance which is incorruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away.\" Now my dear sister the way is plain: the savior says in Mark XVI chapter, 16th verse \"He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved.\" But you may ask what is it to believe. To explain this I will quote from an able theologian, and devoted servant of God. To believe in the sense in which the word is used here, \"is feeling and acting as if there were a God, a Heaven, a Hell; as if we were sinners and must die; as if we deserve eternal death, and were in danger of it. And in view of all, casting our eternal interests on the mercy of God in Christ Jesus. To do this is to be a Christian.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou speak of having done all that you know in order to be accepted: this is too apt to be our error. We must not depend on making ourselves holy: but just come to the Father, and ask him to forgive our sins for the sake of Jesus, and rely entirely on the merits of Christ for our prayer being answered. The Father loves the Son and for his sake pardons those who plead the Son's merits. We should never think of presenting any merits of our own for we are all sinners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not trouble yourself too much about not having repented enough for your sins, for your letter shows that you have much concern about the subject. But let me advise you simply to do as God enabled me to do, that is, resolve to spend the remaining part of life in His service, to obey the teachings of the Bible until death, and to rely entirely on the mercy of God for being saved, and though the future looked dark, yet it has become very bright. Never despair, even old Christians have dark moments.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNever omit of pray at regular times. For years your salvation has been my daily prayer and shall continue so. Write to me often and tell me all your trials, that I may\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not trouble yourself too much about Were it not for my throat, Anna \u0026amp; myself would like very much to pay you a visit this winter. My throat \u0026amp; the sale of a neighbors property next week are the two obstacles. Anna is anxious to go next [week?]. She joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, VA.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 1st/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nWe have a little prodigy one day old this afternoon. She calls herself Mary Graham Jackson. Anna is doing very well, \u0026amp; joins me in love to yourself and sister Eugenia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 1st 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very much pressed with business, but I must drop you a line to say that yesterday God blessed us with a charming little daughter, and we have named her after Mrs. Morrison, Mary Graham.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy eyes have been troubling me much lately. I regret that you have had so much suffering, it appears to have resembled my attack. I am now using glycerine which is the essence of oil. I take it through the nostrils for the purpose of curing the inflammation at the entrance of the nasal tubes into the mouth and I find it of great service. God had blest its use to me very much. I tried caustic or nitrate of silver, but with much less effect. I hope that you will soon be well. I ascertained to day that I can get a copy of \"Silver Wood\" in town so you may expect one when Mr. Chenoweth goes home if not before.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna \u0026amp; the little one are both doing very well for which we are thankful to our Heavenly Father. I received a letter from Wirt a few days since. His health I think is just tolerable from what he says. I have been wanting to write to Thomas for some time \u0026amp; and hope to do so before long.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay the blessings of our Heavenly Father rest upon you richly is the prayer of your affectionate brother. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026amp; the children. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 22/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter came safely, but finds our little daughter very ill of jaundice, and she may at any hour take her place among the redeemed in Paradise. Anna is doing well. My intention has \u0026amp; still is to visit you this summer, but I learned a lesson from last summer, not to make a promise for no one can tell what a day will bring forth, but I trust that if our little daughter lives that God will bless us all in a visit to see you \u0026amp; all the family. It seems like a long time since I was at your house. The children I suppose have grown much. Give my thanks to my darling little niece for her letter \u0026amp; tell her I expect to answer it in a few days. Give much love to all the children from myself \u0026amp; Anna. She joins me in love to you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI received a letter from Wirt this morning stating that he is well but that he has lost his horse by his straying off, and that he wants me to forward him one hundred \u0026amp; five dollars N.Y. funds, which I want to try \u0026amp; do; though it will cost a premium here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affect. Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 7th/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear little Niece,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very interesting letter reached me a short time before your sweet little cousin \u0026amp; my little daughter was called from this world of sin, to enjoy the Heavenly happiness of Paradise. She died of Jaundice on the 25th of April.  [Jackson's error-- the baby died on May 25] Whilst your Aunt Anna and myself feel our loss, yet we know that God has taken her away in love. Jesus says \"suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of Heaven.\" Did you ever think my dear Grace that the most persons who have died and gone to Heaven are little children. Your aunt is doing very well, she is out visiting.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe hope to go \u0026amp; see you all this summer, but my health is so delicate, that I am disposed to go North first. I think this will give us more time to stay with you. Should we go to see you first I may have to hasten on North without staying more than two or three days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI wish your would write to me at once and let me know which you would rather I should do. I hope that you have enjoyed your school and your vacation both very much. Remember your aunt \u0026amp; uncle to your Father, Mother, Thomas \u0026amp; Stark, and accept much love for yourself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate uncle,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 7th/58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nIn compliance with your request I proceed to give you a statement respecting the condition of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School. But in doing so, I feel it unnecessary to say more than a few words, as you are already acquainted with its leading features. The school is usually opened by singing part of a hymn, which should be announced the previous Sabbath. This is followed by reading one or more verses from the Bible, with explanations \u0026amp; applications; this is succeeded by prayer. After this each class is instructed by its teacher from the Bible, catechism and hymn book. At the close  of the school which is near forty five minutes from the opening, there is a public examination on two verses of the child catechism, published by our Board. These verses should be announced the previous Sabbath. After the close of the examination, the school is dismissed, the remaining part of the opening hymn having been sung immediately after the examination.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe system of reward you are acquainted with, and the premiums so far have been near a dozen Testaments and one Bible. The day of their presentation is the first Sabbath of each month. Several scholars are studying the shorter catechism at the present time. Each teacher keeps a class book in which is noted each scholar's department in school. The lesson should be taught one Sabbath, with a view to examination \u0026amp; mark on the next. Each teacher at the close of the month give me a circular (blanks having been furnished) exhibiting for each scholar the manner in which the lesson has been prepared, the conduct in school, no. of lates, absences. From these circulars, I make a monthly entry in the record book, which contains not only the no. of lates \u0026amp; absences, but also the names of the teachers, scholars, owners, persons with whom the scholars are living, the lates \u0026amp; absences of teachers, and a weekly record of the proceedings of the school. By reference to the record book, I find 91 to be the no. of scholars there reported.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePraying that the S. school convention may be a great blessing to the cause \u0026amp; to yourself I remain your attached friend.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 19th 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter \u0026amp; that of Grace reached me this morning and for a while I thought that I might be able to visit you previous to going North, but after more maturely considering my case, \u0026amp; all the circumstances, I am disposed to think that I had better go North first. My disease is not understood by my physicians here and I have nearly if not entirely lost my hearing in the right ear \u0026amp; my left ear is diseased, and my nose is internally affected. The first thing it appears to me should be to seek relief if it is to be had.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me to N.Y. City, and tell Tom and Grace that they must write to me this summer also, as soon as I let you all know where my letters will reach me after leaving N.Y. City. Tell Grace that I am much obliged to her for her letter, and that she may expect me to answer  it before a great while. As to Thomas' examination, I think Mr. Thomas can judge better of his qualifications than myself, though I wish that I could be with you all before his teacher leaves. I hope to be with you in the latter part of August.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI forwarded a check to Wirt for one hundred \u0026amp; five dollars on N.J. I had to pay a premium of one per cent for it and urged him to refund the money on the first of Sept. according to promise. If I had known that he had found his horse, I don't know that I should have sent him so much. I have need of all the money that I can command. When you write to him, tell him that he had better sell me one of his horses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in much love to you \u0026amp; the children. Remember me to Mr. Thomas \u0026amp; his lady \u0026amp; to all enquiring friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 21st, 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but have been prevented. I am now under the care of a physician by the name of Carnochan who is one of the professors in a medical college here. I hope that I am improving, but do not know how long I will remain here. Probably ten days longer, afterwards I expect to start on my visit  to you but will delay sometime on the way I expect in Philadelphia, Baltimore, the Glades.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt Anna is quite well and we are seeing many pretty things here. Give my love and your Aunt's to all the family, and write to me as soon as you receive this. Direct your letter to New York City.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Uncle,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 23d, 1858\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 19th inst. reached me this morning. Thomas reached here as you expected on last Saturday and has been a very good boy and we are all much pleased with him. He commenced going to school on Tuesday last to Mr. McFarland \u0026amp; is studying the English \u0026amp; Latin languages. His teacher wishes him to study arithmetic also, but I am unwilling for him to undertake any more at present, until I see what success will attend his present studies \u0026amp; also what kind of health he will have. I don't wish him to go over any thing without his understanding it thoroughly \u0026amp; hence he must not have too much to study. I regard it as a great error to require a child to study what his mind is not capable of appreciating. The tendency is to diminish his fondness for study, to give him a vague way of thinking (since he is not accustomed to see the precise points) \u0026amp; by overtasking the mind his health both of body \u0026amp; mind are endangered. I have been much gratified as seeing Thomas' mind so good; it has improved very much since I last saw him \u0026amp; I think it is partly due to the light course of studies which he has been pursuing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will attend to the directions of your letter \u0026amp; I am glad to see that your views with regard to Thomas' education \u0026amp; my views on the same subject are so much alike. I don't think that Thomas will get much home sick. I regret that I have not got some occupation for him \u0026amp; also regret not having some good companion for him to always associate with. I wrote to you about pocket money for him, but as I stated that probably he had reserved enough for that purpose, so I find such to be the case, as he since gave me three dollars to keep for him. Should you send him any clothes at any time, I would not send them of the same style as those he wears, as they are not worn here by boys as large as himself. I find that his dress makes him too marked, I will get him a suit, better adapted to his age.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy greatest concern about him is his eating. When he first came, he would use neither milk nor coffee, since then he drinks a little coffee; but I am a little afraid of his doing so, as he has not been accustomed he says to its use. I don't wish him to change his home habits in any respect unless there is necessity for so doing. I wish you would let me know how he lived at home. He gets his lessons well. Anna joins me in love to yourself \u0026amp; the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 11, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSir,\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom your letter of the 31 ult. I am gratified to learn that you contemplate making a European tour. You request me to send you a copy of my notes of travel. Should I do so, I fear that they would be of but little service to you as they are not sufficiently full to give you much information. Even with my recollection of places, etc. to aid me, I am not always able to make out the sense. And instead of giving you incoherent suggestions, I have thought best to glance over my notes, and send you such information as I think will be valuable. And in doing so, I would recommend you to purchase a note book before sailing, and if time will permit to keep a satisfactory journal beginning with the first day and closing with the returning one of your tour.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs soon as you reach Liverpool purchase guide books of such countries as you design visiting. If you have time to see things leisurely, don't employ guides. Leaving L. visit Chester and drive out to Eaton Hall, which is a fine specimen of an English nobleman's estate; it belongs to the Marquis of Westminster, said by some to be the wealthiest man in England. If you have time after returning to C. take the cars and visit the great Tubular bridge, and pass over to Ireland for a few days. Should you go to I. be sure if you should pass near Parsonstown, to see the great Ross telescope, and whilst there, ask for its magnifying power, and please inform me of it. Returning to Liverpool visit the following places Glasgow, Dunbarton Castle, Loch Loman, Loch Catrine, Sterling Castle, Edinborough, York, Cambridge, London, Antwerp, Waterloo. Pass through Brussells on your way to and also on your return from Waterloo. Leaving B. visit Aix La Chappel, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidleburg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Baste, Lakes Lucern, Brienz \u0026amp; Thun. Stop for at least one day at Interlaken which is between lakes B. \u0026amp; T. Visit Berne, Freiberg, Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas. From Martigny, cross the Alps by the Simplon Pass into Italy. Visit Lakes Como \u0026amp; Majora. Visit Milan, Verona, Venice, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Rome, Naples, Genoa, Turin, Paris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have given you the tour I should take above all others, if I did not have time for a more extensive one. It differs a little from the one taken by me. I did not see the Tubular Bridge nor visit Ireland. And instead of visiting Turin I hastened to Paris by the steamer from Genoa. Knowing the stopping points you can post yourself up on your guide book in advance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn York observe the organ especially. In Antwerp note Reubens' paintings. In Heid. observe the castle. In Strasburg is the wonderful clock. In Feiberg is one of the best organs in the world. At Verona is the most perfect amphitheater in the world. You may find it more pleasant to visit Naples before Rome. You will fine Genoa probably the most beautiful of all the cities in consequence of its elevation being such as to present its different parts distinctly to the eye when viewed from the harbor. I omitted calling your attention to the Museum in Antwerp.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn Venice, nearly every thing of interest except its canals are on St. Mark's square. In Florence give yourself plenty of time to visit frequently the statuary in the room called the Tribuna. Study the original works of art with which you may meet in Antwerp, Florence, Rome, etc. and when you reach Paris you will see a miniature of all, serving to refresh your memory but not calling for examinations, as you have already seen the originals. In P. you should give attention to the externals, visit the neighboring Royal residences, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf course you will pass some time in London and visit the Parks, Westminster Abbey a number of times. I hope that you may be able to make the tour and that you may realize more than you even anticipate\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI would be glad to hear from you during your absence \u0026amp; after your return. Things are here in much the same routine as when you left.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours truly, T. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 9th, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI omitted in my last to answer your question as to when I design visiting Beverly. I hope to do so in July; but you must not give yourself any trouble about the vegetables you spoke of; as I am through the blessing of our Heavenly Father enabled now to live on most any thing. Don't get brown bread for me as I have ceased to use it. But when I drop in, I will just eat such things as are convenient.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard from Anna on Saturday, she says that she is learning to take things more philosophically. She says that the Dr. Sill finds some inflammation, she is to remain there until the inflammation entirely subsides. She sends love to you. Thomas was very anxious to go with his teacher \u0026amp; a number of the scholars to the Peaks of Otter; but I felt it was too much responsibility for me to take to let him go. Some of the boys might have guns with them \u0026amp; some accident might occur to him \u0026amp; furthermore I didn't know how much it might cost him; as they would be gone several days. Accordingly he remains at home \u0026amp; I hope that he will make considerable progress in Spanish. In consequence of the irritation of my throat, I have not been hearing him much in the last few days. But he is far enough advanced not to study considerably by himself. I hope to have a fine supply of vegetables for you when you come. You must try \u0026amp; bring some other members of the family with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive much love to the children. Thomas is well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite Sulphur Springs\u003cbr\u003e\nAugust 13, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nThe inflammation or irritation of my throat passed down so low as to make me afraid to let Dr. Green treat me \u0026amp; consequently I gave up the idea of going to him so long as it remains so low; it appears to be about the collar bone. But whilst I was unwilling to let the Dr. treat me I concluded that I would visit this place \u0026amp; try to get my liver right; as I was disposed to think that the state of the throat depended on that of the liver. After you left, my liver apparently became much deranged. I reached this place on Thursday last \u0026amp; I feel improved. It appears to me that smoking mullein has been of great benefit to me. I am fearful that I will not be an herbal remedy used for respiratory ailments able to visit you this summer \u0026amp; I feel it greatly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI left Anna at the Rockbridge Baths, her health has not been so good since you left and as the Baths are celebrated for such afflictions as hers I trust that she will be improved by their use. This evening I received a letter from her stating that after bathing she had internal heat \u0026amp; that she was fearful that the bathing was not good for her \u0026amp; that if she found it not to be so that she would return home in a few days. There are about 1000 persons here at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that I may be able to visit you, notwithstanding the present aspect of things, but don't expect me unless you hear of my coming by another letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that your health has improved. Give my love to all. Your affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 27th, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI returned last Tuesday evening from the White Sulphur Springs, and under the blessing of Providence my health had much improved, and if I only had a week more before the commencing of the session I would visit you but I would barely have had time to ride to your house and back, which would not have answered our purpose as my desire is to make a visit. But I hope that in November I will be with you. The first visit that I pay is to be with you. I feel that a disordered liver had probably much to do with my affected throat and if I can only keep the secretions right, I hope that my throat will soon be well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna's health I fear has not improved much locally, though she gained some flesh during her stay at the Baths. Maj. Preston has just returned, and given me an account of you all. I am much gratified that Mr. Arnold invited him to stay with you. I regret that Mr. Arnold's arm continues to trouble him. I trust that you will succeed in securing a competent teacher for the children. Tell them that their aunt \u0026amp; I were wishing this week that we could see them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSulphur water appears to suit my disease better than any other remedy which I have met with, and yesterday evening Anna \u0026amp; myself took a ride to one of these springs about 8 miles from town. I never knew of its existence until within a few weeks. The water is very pleasant yet very weak and I fear not of much benefit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send you by the same mail with this letter one of our catalogues. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 13th, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour last reached me safely and Anna delivered the articles to the servant according to your request. I regret to learn that your health continues so infirm. I am with yourself glad that you visited us last summer with the children, and hope that you may be spared to visit us again, and I hope that at your next visit we may be able to make you more comfortable than you were at your last.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna's health has become such as to render it necessary to send her to a physician \u0026amp; she left last Friday for Hampden Sidney to be under the care of Dr. Watkins.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to your request I send Thomas' account. Look at his book and see if he got anything after the last of June. The account only extends to the end of June and he may have procured things from the store after that time. I had occasion to see Lyell Wilson's account since then \u0026amp; he had me charged with a pass book got by Thomas in the 1st of July. This made me think that he might have got other things elsewhere. But if he didn't get anything else, don't take notice of the book, as it was only a trifle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to Mr. A \u0026amp; to all the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI fear that I will not get to see you in Nov. But my first visit as I said before is to you. May our kind Heavenly Father bless you richly is my constantly repeated prayer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1858\u003cbr\u003e\nEnglish Grammar.50\u003cbr\u003e\nCopy Books .25\u003cbr\u003e\nBlank book \u0026amp; sponge .18 3/4\u003cbr\u003e\nPaper \u0026amp; envelopes .25\u003cbr\u003e\nBox pencil lead, paper \u0026amp; envels. .50\u003cbr\u003e\nFor Fair \u0026amp; Christmas 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\nMiss Howard for two months \u0026amp; 1 week washing 1.68\u003cbr\u003e\nMr. McFarland 17.00\u003cbr\u003e\nMiss L. S. Graham 37.50\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1859\u003cbr\u003e\nOdd Fellows supper .25 Lecture at Chapel .25 57.43\u003cbr\u003e\n[illegible] .25\u003cbr\u003e\nNegro for mending shoe .25\u003cbr\u003e\nVisit Nat. Bridge .50\u003cbr\u003e\nMcFarland 17.00\u003cbr\u003e\nNot included in store accounts 77.36 3/4\u003cbr\u003e\n6 months Board \u0026amp; washing 72.00\u003cbr\u003e\n149.36 3/4\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStore account\u003cbr\u003e\n40.46 3/4\u003cbr\u003e\n189.83 1/2\u003cbr\u003e\nCredits 113.00\u003cbr\u003e\nBalance due 76.83\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 31, 1859\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nLast week I mailed a letter to Mr. Arnold requesting him to visit me and [illegible] other inducements told him that we were to have a county agricultural Fair, but didn't mention the day, as I had not yet ascertained it; but it is to be on the 23 of this month. Urge Mr. Arnold to come if you think that he can do so safely; and during his stay, I will try \u0026amp; interest him in our schools \u0026amp; county, and see if he can be induced to locate here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI found that the cadets designed being absent so short a time, that I concluded that I had better postpone my visit to you until next summer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel that we are now greatly blessed with a good teacher for boys, he is the very man I think whom Thomas would do well under. We have a number of good schools for Grace \u0026amp; Stark. There is a gentleman in town who has a boy who has given him \u0026amp; his teacher much trouble \u0026amp; on Saturday he was speaking of Mr. Morgan (who is the teacher to whom I referred for Thomas) \u0026amp; he spoke of him in very high terms for the successful management of his boy \u0026amp; for the progress that his boy is making under his new teacher.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard from Anna on Saturday. She hoped to be at Hampden Sidney today. She feels much improved \u0026amp; is bringing Laura her youngest sister home with her. I hope that they will soon be here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLet me hear from you soon \u0026amp; tell me  what Mr. A says. I felt it would be more prudent in me not to say anything in my letter about his moving here. I would like to see him first \u0026amp; thus have a better opportunity of judging how he could best be approached successfully on the subject. I desired to write to you two weeks ago but I thought that Mr. A. might suspect something from the frequency of our letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLove to all, and trust God unreservedly in all things is my sincere prayer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nDec.12th/59\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter stating that you are teaching the children yourself has given me concern and I write this letter for the purpose of saying that you must never hesitate for a single moment about sending the children to me. I stated in my letter to you the conditions upon which I was ready to do for them what I could, because I felt it would prevent any disappointment to you \u0026amp; Mr. Arnold in the event of their coming, and I feel that I can make them comfortable \u0026amp; enable them to acquire a good education \u0026amp; to move in that sphere of life where I desire to see them move. Without a good education they must ever fall short of that position in life which they ought to occupy, and their early education consisting of spelling \u0026amp; reading is of great importance; if either is defective the education must necessarily be defective. But if insuperable objections lie in the way of getting a good teacher or of sending them abroad, don't give yourself anxiety but trust in our most kind \u0026amp; merciful Father who withholds no good thing from his children. I am very thankful to see you bear up under your trials with such Christian fortitude \u0026amp; as long as we lean on His almighty arm all shall be well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI reached home on last Friday night about 3 o'clock in the morning. Anna is an invalid still, but I trust that better health is in store for her. My throat has been troubling me again in consequence of a cold contracted during my military excursion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am thankful to you for engaging the [illegible] but I don't know when I will be able to bring them home. You must give my love to Aunt \u0026amp; Uncle White. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold. Anna joins me in love to the children. Should you see any of Mr. Chenoweth's friends say to them that I saw him today, \u0026amp; that he is well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e...that carpeting is used for stairs instead of oil cloth. In regard to furniture I thought it best to consult you before making the purchases. As the furniture will last a life time it is best to be careful in pleasing ourselves although it may occasion delay. I purchased the oil cloth at once lest it might be sold, it is to be forwarded to Balt. directed to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Va. care of R. L. Heavener \u0026amp; John Gephart, Jr. 320 Balt. St. Balt., M.D. I send the oil cloth as a present. As to the other articles, Rods etc. I can get the rods with concealed fastenings for $2.85 per dozen or I can get common rods with visible band fastenings for $2.20 per doz. The length of the rods is 30 inches but as you haven't the oil cloth you may not want the rods. Let me know \u0026amp; if the length is not right, tell me what length you desire.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you can't get all the articles now, you can get the others if you desire at some other time as I can order them at any time by calling Madden's attention to them now. Let me hear from you soon and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[in pencil at top]\nIf you still wish the parlor lamp let me know what kind \u0026amp; what is to be burnt in it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will order the amount of your funds and I may be able to add some but my money matters are behind hand. I have been in debt ever since I purchased my house and have to constantly borrow from the bank in order to get along. Send your money as far as practicable in drafts on N. York for they charge a premium here for drafts \u0026amp; it is not safe to send bills by mail. I prefer paying the premium to running the risk. I also wish that you would write to the person from whom you purchased the draft which you sent me, \u0026amp; get him to procure you another as I have lost that one \u0026amp; when you get the draft send it to me. If I were you I would try to get along without the mattresses if possible and I would then get:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBureau $25, wash stand $10, Tete a Tete1 $18, 4 quartets2 $5, Sofa $5, centre table $9, French bedstead $15. Total exclusive of boxing $87. Should you prefer the sofa instead of [lounge] \u0026amp; Tete a Tete the amount will be $3 less, \u0026amp; if you prefer the wash stand to match the Bureau \u0026amp; I would get it if my means justified, the amount will be $5 more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[in another hand the words \"29 feet eight inches.\"]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to all. Your affec. brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nJany 28th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour last very welcome letter came safe to hand and I am glad that you have succeeded in procuring a teacher and I hope that the children will learn well under his instruction. I am glad to hear of Mr. Arnold's improved health \u0026amp; trust that it may continue to improve. Through the blessing of out Heavenly Father we have been spared from the small pox thus far; \u0026amp; I hope that we may entirely escape it. There are but few cases now amongst the whites; the servants have taken it; though it has not spread much.As soon as a servant takes the disease he is carried to the hospital and they appear to be greatly afraid of the disease in consequence of their being sent to the hospital in case of taking it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Anna's health is improving, but very little throws her back again. I wrote to Aunt Clem a few days since. On my return from Harper's Ferry, I came through Richmond \u0026amp; saw Wm. L. Jackson \u0026amp; his wife, Jonathan [Bennet, Burnet] \u0026amp; his wife and Wm. E. Arnold, Ben Bassett, John Hoffman \u0026amp; other friends. I wish you would write to me when are the given names of Wm. L. Jackson's wife \u0026amp; Bennett's wife \u0026amp; what relation there is between them \u0026amp; us, and give me a letter full of such things; as I am asked from time to time what is the Relationship me \u0026amp; such persons. I think Mr. Arnold knows a good deal about the subject. For example I think he knows what were grandfather's brothers. I remember having a talk with him once on the subject \u0026amp; I found that he appeared better acquainted with such things than myself. Who was Dr. Edward Jackson?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in love to you all. I hope that your health is better than when you last wrote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 25, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece\u003cbr\u003e\nI was much pleased to hear from your Mother's letter that her health and your Father's have been so good and to hear that you have so faithful a teacher; and as you can not always have him, I hope that you will do all you can in order to learn as much as possible whilst he is with you. And first of all I want you to learn to spell well; give particular attention to spelling; for I don't care how much you know about other things, if you don't spell well, you will be laughed at by educated people. I desire to see you have a good education, and the first step towards a good education, after learning the alphabet, is to learn to spell well. If a person commences reading before learning to spell well, he will not be apt to ever learn much more about spelling, because reading is more pleasant than spelling.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen I was young I committed the blunder of learning to read before I had learnt to spell well, and though I am now 36 years old, yet still I am mortified by my spelling words wrong; in writing this letter I have had to look in the Dictionary to see how a word was spelt and so I expect it will be all my life because I didn't give enough attention to my spelling when I was young. As your memory is better now than it may ever be, you can learn to spell more easily than when you become larger. When we are young we can recollect much better than when we are grown up.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI desire to see you an educated and accomplished lady, one that your Father and Mother will be justly proud of. After learning to spell very well then I want you to read histories, and travels and biographies, and such other books as will give you valuable information. I also hope that you will learn your Geography very well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Father and Mother died when I was very young, and I had to work for my living and education both; but your parents are both living and have given you a kind teacher and I trust that you will show them how thankful you are to them by studying hard. If you ever wish any information which I can give, you must ask me. I haven't written to your Mother for some time as I was afraid that I might send you the small pox, but I don't think that there is any danger now, as all are well here or about so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard a student of Washington College make a beautiful speech on last Wednesday and as he is of the same name and county as your teacher, I expect that they are Relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to all of the family \u0026amp; write to me soon. Your affectionate Uncle Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 16, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to write to you for some time, but have been prevented from doing so. I am sorry to learn that your eyes trouble you so much. I wish you would try the simple remedy of washing them with cold water, lifting the water to the face in both hands and washing the face until a little water gets into the eyes and they commence smarting. Do this at night just before going to bed, and again immediately after getting up. I hope that you are improving, and that Mr. Arnold is likewise. Anna is suffering from a very bad cold. She has been confined to her bed for nearly a week, but is up this afternoon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI don't know how Mr. Arnold thinks Wm. L. Jackson would do for a judge, but if he would like to see him elected over Edmondson and can do anything for him I hope that he will do so. I thought that probably there might be some person or persons living near his Father's old place beyond Weston with whom he might have influence; if such is not the case, do not say anything about the subject to him and probably you had better say nothing anyway to him upon the subject. From what I have heard, Wm. will very probably be elected.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that the children are all doing well. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 21/60\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI intended writing to you today but as Anna has done so, I will only say a few words \u0026amp; those with respect to Grace.  I have not mentioned the subject of Maj. Preston and I don't think it necessary to consult you upon the subject but if you still desire me to do so, let me know in your next letter and I will give you his opinion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy mind is clear in making Grace familiar with the English grammar as soon as practicable; let her commence it at once.  Let her not only study the principles of the language, but require her to parse a great deal, so as to make her familiar with the application of the principles of the language.  Let all her studies be English until she should become a finished English scholar.  I don't attach much importance to Latin for females, it is of value to every educated person but mostly to professional men.  I am glad that Mr. A. is obtaining Mr. McCuchin.  You may expect another letter from me in a week or so.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affect. Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[postscript in hand of Mary Anna Jackson]\u003cbr\u003e\nP. S. Maj. J. requests me to say to you that he will attend to any commissions for furniture in the North that you may wish - as ever your Anna\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 1st/60\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nTell Grace that I have received her letter \u0026amp; that I am glad to see her spelling so good. I will write to her in a few days \u0026amp; will send her the pattern desired. When ever you desire furniture from N.Y. let me know \u0026amp; I can order it from either of two establishments. One of them makes first class furniture, but I think that his prices are too high for you. I purchased nothing of him but ½ dozen parlor chairs. The rest of my furniture omitting piano \u0026amp; a few other articles were furnished by another house \u0026amp; I was very well pleased with the articles; but when I was last in N.Y. I purchased a few more articles of the same house but am not pleased with them so well so I would advise you to order but a few articles at first in the event of your intending to purchase much.\nI am writing in great haste holding the paper in one hand and writing with the other.\u003cbr\u003e\nAnna joins me in love to you all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[from Mary Anna Jackson]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI would gladly send the pattern to Grace, but I think it unnecessary, as I can give you directions without it. The girls of Grace's size here wear black silk tunics made exactly like those Grace wore last summer, except they fasten in front, \u0026amp; the skirt reaches nearly to the knees. They are very pretty, \u0026amp; black silk is all the style now. All the ladies mantles this summer are made of black silk. Some of the girls here wear circular capes or talmas, that reach a little below the waist, they would be pretty for Grace, but it think the black silk tunics are the most fashionable.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite soon. Much love to all.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnna Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 7, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter came safely and gives me much pleasure to see how rapidly you progress in spelling. Every word of your letter was spelt correctly and I hope that all your words may always be treated as well those contained in your letter; for it is treating words badly to steal a letter from them, or to impose on them a letter which they don't want. You must look at Stark's letters when he writes them to his sweetheart especially. And to be more serious it would be a good plan for my sweet niece and nephews to examine each others letters when they contain no secrets, and in that way you will be very apt to find out all the counterfeit words which may be passing themselves off on any of you. Remember that there are a great many ways of spelling a word wrong, but there is only one way of spelling it right.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI intended to send you with this letter the pattern which you requested, but your aunt wrote in my last that you have the requested pattern at home. The weather is quite warm today. My peas are in bloom, they commenced blooming before the end of April. I hope that you have a fine garden. Write to me when ever you have leisure time. I am glad to see your teacher remaining with you. Your aunt joins me in love to you all. Your aunt's health is much improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate uncle, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 4th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have not heard from you for so long a time that I am fearful you are sick, and if so you must make the children write to me. I hope though that your health is unusually good.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna is unusually unwell but I trust that she will soon commence improving again. My eyes have improved greatly, through the blessing of Him who withholds no good thing from me, but in some respects my health is more impaired than it has been for some years. If I don't improve, I hope to leave for a Hydropathic establishment soon after our Commencement in July. And my plan is to send a servant with the carriage to meet me at the Depot nearest Beverly. What is the name of the Depot. I want the servant to get to your house a day or two in advance of the time, so that he will be certain to meet me. Anna and I will then return by Beverly  in the carriage \u0026amp; send the servant home by the Rail Road. All this plan may be frustrated, but I am resolved to pay you the first visit which I make, so you may be satisfied that if I don't visit you that my health is such as to render medical treatment necessary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send some early Silesia Lettuce seed which I hope you will sow at once, and after it gets a few leaves on each plant, set the plants in rows so that the plants shall be 8 inches apart, and water them occasionally so as to keep the ground damp. I never was fond of lettuce until I tried this. I regard it as the largest, tenderest and finest flavored that I have ever tasted. If you wish any more seed let me know \u0026amp; I will send it. I am greatly gratified at the election of Wm. L. Jackson. I fear that I have a disease of the kidneys, the disease gives me pain every day. I experience unusual pain whilst riding in a carriage. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 30th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter enclosing the check came safely \u0026amp; relieved my mind from apprehensions of your health being seriously ill. We have closed our examinations and I hope that on Thursday next I will be able to leave. I have some concern about getting from home to Goshen, but I trust that I will not experience much pain as I design going in my carriage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI don't feel so well today as usual, but I have been exercising probably too much as I am at the Institute for the 3rd time. I think that my general health is better than it has been for a year or two at this season of the year, but much exercise appears to bring on increased trouble and pain. If I do not improve greatly between this time \u0026amp; the time that I reach N.Y. I will pass directly through and leave your purchases til my return.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWrite to me at Brattleboro Vermont as I design going to a Hydropathic establishment there. If I should not stop as I go through N.Y., I will write to two different establishments there and find out on what terms they will furnish the furniture, so that on my return it will only be necessary to examine the furniture \u0026amp; make the purchases. In your next letter, tell me to whom I must direct your purchases. I expect that it will be cheaper to send them by water to Baltimore \u0026amp; from Balt. by Rail Road. If so it would be necessary to send them to somebody in Balt. as well as to some one at Webster or the stopping Depot on the R.R. Anna don't know of my writing this letter as I am at the Institute, or she might have some special message. Her health is much better than usual \u0026amp; I trust that through the blessing of God she will be restored this summer. Much love to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affec. brother Thomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRound Hill Water Cure\u003cbr\u003e\nNorthampton, Mass.\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 21st/60\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but on last Friday week I was very ill with a bilious attack attended with high fever; but as I was with a skillful water cure physician he soon through the blessing of a kind Providence arrested the fever, and on Saturday I was again out doors and am now better than before the attack. I might have written to you last week, had  I not been anticipating a change from Brattleboro to this place, and I feared that your letter might not reach me in the event of having it directed to that place in the event of my leaving there. Today I came here \u0026amp; am much pleased with things so far. I think that Anna's health as well as my own has improved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe special object of writing to you at this time is to request you to furnish me with another list of the articles you wish me to get for you \u0026amp;, I wish that you would put them down in the order in which you most desire them, as the amount which you sent (fifty five dollars) will not purchase half of what you named and I am apprehensive that the state of my purse will not allow me to do much for you, though I think that I will be able to do something. I would not trouble you with making out another list, had I not as it appears put those you sent me in such a special safe place of keeping that when I was about to leave home I could not find them myself.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI don't think that I will get you anything at auction. I bought our sofa there \u0026amp; it has turned out a great cheat. If you can't give a full list, let me have the dimensions of the oil cloth. I wrote to you by Mr. Chenoweth \u0026amp; I think requested you to tell me to whom I should send the purchases in Baltimore \u0026amp; also at Grafton. Please let me know soon after receiving this and direct your letter to Round Hill Water Cure, Northampton, Massachusetts. I wish you were here with me, it is one of the most beautiful places I have ever seen. Anna joins me in love to you all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother, Thomas\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am on the West Side of the Connecticut River so you can find me on the map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRound Hill\u003cbr\u003e\nNorthampton, Mass.\u003cbr\u003e\nAug. 4th/860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour welcome letter of July 22d reached us at this place. I am glad that our sweet cousins (for such are the Murdochs) are about paying you a visit and I very much desire to meet them, but such gratification can not be indulged in at this time as our physician says that Anna will have to remain here until about the 1st of Oct. if she wishes to be cured. He says that he can thoroughly cure her. He says that he could cure me of all my symptoms of disease in from four to six months and as I am improving, I wish that I could remain here until relived of all my troubles or so long as I continue to improve. He says that I have a slight distortion of the spine, \u0026amp; that it has given rise to some of my uneasy symptoms. There are several ladies here who could not walk when they commenced treatment \u0026amp; are now walking as if perfectly well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna and myself much regret that we must again be denied the pleasure of visiting you as we had hoped to do. But I know that at the right time our Heavenly Father will permit us to see you. I am anxiously looking forward to some opportunity during the coming session. I wrote in my last for you to give me a list of furniture, etc. in the order in which you prefer them, and I would suggest that you had better get a lower priced bedstead than ours. For instance, if a cottage one would answer it could be purchased at about half the price that we gave for ours. But if you could consent to lower the price of the other articles, I think that it would be best; of course you would not get things so serviceable \u0026amp; showy but I think that the increased number of articles for the same money would more than compensate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA cottage bedstead would be rather small; but they are made neatly. I have merely made these suggestions \u0026amp; you must do as you think best \u0026amp; I will do the best I can for you in New York. I will not have the opportunity of stopping by in Philadelphia as my time is so precious. If you prefer the Philadelphia bedstead, I will write to the same person who made ours, \u0026amp; get you one. I send a list of some of our purchases. They were much lower than could have been bought in Lexington.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in love to you all. I wish I could stop in Philadelphia as I might get some things for you and also attend to an important matter. You must give my love to Harriet \u0026amp; the others when they visit you. May you have every needful blessing temporal \u0026amp; spiritual is my habitual prayer.\nYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome Sept. 3rd, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have reached home safely with my health much improved. My physician said that I ought to have remained a month longer \u0026amp; I tried to do so but did not succeed, and I am satisfied with the sweet assurance that all things work together for my good. Anna's health was much improved, yet it was necessary for her to remain longer. I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to Madden's. \tThey are persons from whom I hoped to purchase your furniture, and at Madden's I have been able to get a better bargain than Anna \u0026amp; I got of him. The prices are as follows, center table with marble top $9, French bedstead $14 (width inside 5ft 1 inch), Elegant bureau $25, corresponding wash stand $15. The bureau is under its regular price which is $30. There is another bureau at $23 \u0026amp; corresponding wash stand $10. Wash stands have marble top\u0026amp; back. Sofa inside length 7ft at $25. Another sofa inside length 6ft 8 inches at $20. Nice tete a tete at $18. Shuck mattress to fit bed $6. Shuck and cotton mattress mixed at $9. Lounge opening out or not at $6. Also another kind of lounge opening out or not at $5. Colors of lounges black; green \u0026amp; brown[?]. 4 quartets at $5.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxing of table .75\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Bedstead 2.00\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Bureau 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Wash stand 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" Sofa 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" quartets .50\u003cbr\u003e\n\" \" lounge 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\nBailing mattresses .75\u003cbr\u003e\nTotal 9.00\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the articles are mahogany, and I like them except the $23 Bureau. I would get the $25 bureau as it is only $2 more and if the elegant wash stand is too expensive I will get him to make you a neat one for $10. I would advise you to get the $20 sofa, but if you prefer you can instead of the sofa get the tete a tate \u0026amp; $5 lounge which will come to $3 more than the sofa. But if you prefer the sofa, you can make a lounge of it by spreading a cloth over it. The tete a tate is handsomer than the lounge though much smaller than our tete a tate. \tI purchased oil cloth for the square \u0026amp; rectangle but didn't succeed in getting any for the stairs as it is not now fashionable for stairs. I got the oil cloth at Stewart's \u0026amp; they told me that they didn't know where any could be had for stairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHome Sept. 24th, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very welcome letter reached me on Saturday and I was enabled to borrow the necessary money from the Bank, and I forwarded a draft this morning in a letter to Mr. Madden requesting him to purchase the carpet \u0026amp; stair rods and to forward all by the 1st packet to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Virginia, to the care of R. L. Heavener \u0026amp; John Gephart box no. 320 Baltimore Street Baltimore, Maryland. I told him to send the lounge opening out at $6. I also specified green as the color. You did not mention the color in your letter, but I thought that you were pleased with ours. I regard it as very cheap, it is not so showy as ours, but I would much prefer it, as I think it is a serviceable one; whereas ours has proved to be a great cheat' having been bought at a N.Y. auction I might have expected it to turn out badly.  As you request a Bible instead of the oil cloth I conform very willingly to your wishes and the account will then stand\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCentre table 9.\tBoxing table .75\u003cbr\u003e\nBedstead 14. \" Bedstead\t2.00\u003cbr\u003e\nBureau 25 \" Bureau 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\nWash Stand 15 \" Wash Stand\t1.00\u003cbr\u003e\nTate a Tete\t18 \" Sofa 1.50\u003cbr\u003e\nLounge\t6 \" Quartets .50\u003cbr\u003e\nQuartets 5\t\" Lounge 1.00\u003cbr\u003e\n10 yd Carpet 8.25\u003cbr\u003e\nat 62 ½\t6.25\u003cbr\u003e\n18 stair rods 4.28\u003cbr\u003e\nBoxing\t8.25\u003cbr\u003e\n110.78\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn order to get a draft on N.Y. I had to pay one dollar and eleven cents making in all one hundred and eleven dollars and eighty nine cents. Deducting from this the amount you sent me fifty five dollars leaves fifty six dollars and 89 cents adding to this the price of the oil cloth 7.50 makes the total amount sixty four dollars \u0026amp; 39 cents. There are 10 yards of oil cloth at 75 cents per yard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn order to get a new draft from a Bank the person to whom the Bank gave the draft had to inform the Bank that the draft has been lost or mislaid as the case may be and satisfy the Banking officer that he is acting honestly in the matter. If our Bank were to give me a draft \u0026amp; I should lose it all I would have to do would be to go to the cashier of the Bank \u0026amp; tell him that the draft was lost \u0026amp; request him to give me another which he would do and he would then write to the Bank that was to pay the draft \u0026amp; tell it not to pay the first draft. If he thought it necessary. So if the draft sent me was given to Col. Goff ask him to write to the Bank \u0026amp; request another draft stating that the first has been lost or mislaid. If the cashier of the Bank does not know Col. Goff then the Col. had better enclose his letter to some friend in whom the Bank has confidence and let this friend present it to the Bank so that the Bank may be satisfied that all is right. I regret to give you so much trouble.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 1st, 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd. your welcome letter this morning. I regret to learn that you have all been ill, but trust that ere this reaches you, all may again be well. If Mr. Preston remains in Beverly much of his time, I would be glad if it could be so arranged so as to board with you, if your health would justify it, and other circumstances would justify it. But I fear that it could not be arranged so. But wherever he may stay when in Beverly you may through the blessing of God derive much aid from him by consulting him freely. He is reserved in his manners, and I think that the best way to treat him, is to be very cordial, and to evince a desire to see much of him, but after all, we must not depend too much on a man; but look up to our Heavenly Father for every needed aid. If we but live near to God, all things shall work together for our good. I regret to hear of Aunt White's blindness. Give my love to her \u0026amp; Uncle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am sorry that your furniture was injured even slightly. I expect that the expenses to Webster were not much more than customary. I didn't expect that you would favor the French bedstead as much as ours, but such a one as ours I have never seen in N. York, it is the Philadelphia style \u0026amp; besides it costs more than yours. I like the French and Anna would exchange it with you if practicable and says if you will send her yours she will send you hers. If you had been accustomed to Leery French Bedsteads all your life you would probably think the high ones quite clumsy affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Williams will exchange with Judge Thompson and would be glad if he would do so next term which commences the 12th of next Sept. I hope if he comes that he will bring his wife with him.\n    \nI did not ask Mr. Rieston to take your Bible to you, as he said that he was going on horseback.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna joins me in love to you \u0026amp; the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 29th 1860\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nAmong the things laid out for this Saturday is the writing of a letter to you. The weather here is such that any one who does not learn at the feet of Jesus would pronounce dismal; as it is penetratingly damp in addition to wet falling snow- bordering on sleet. How different are the views of one who sees God in all things and one who sees Him in nothing. This reminds me of of the Peasant who said that the weather tomorrow will be just such as pleases me, because it will be such as pleases God, and that always pleases me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow do you like Mr. Thomas Preston? What is being done for the Redeemers cause in Beverly? How I would like to be with you! A visit to you is one of the pleasant things in prospect. I hope that you are all well again.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDo not have too much anxiety about bringing up your children, trust in God assistance, and it will be given. I think of our Sainted Mother and take courage from God's promise I will show mercy unto thousands (of generations) of them that keep me commandments From this passage a parent as will as children may draw great comfort. If a parent but keeps God's commandments, he or she may be well assured that God's mercy will rest upon the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am looking forward with great interest to the 4th of Jany. when the Christian people for assistance, of this land will lift their united prayer as incense to the Throne of God in Supplication for our unhappy country. What is the feeling about Beverly respecting Secession? I am anxious to hear from the native part of my state, I am strong for the Union at present, and if things become no worse, I hope to continue so. I think that the majority in this county are for the Union; but in counties bordering us there is a strong secession feeling. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026amp; the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 23rd, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind letter reached its destination after Anna had left for North Carolina to visit her parents and be present at her sister Sue's wedding. She left last Monday morning. I heard from her in Richmond. She wrote that Providence had greatly blest her. She went as far as Richmond with a lady from this place. From Richmond she was to go to her destination with her Brother William who was to leave Washington for the purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel very lonesome \u0026amp; greatly wish that I had you as next door neighbor. Today is raining \u0026amp; I stay pretty much in doors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope that Thomas will spare no pains to get all the education practicable before coming to the Institution. He will thus be enabled to take our course to greater advantage, and will be in a position to graduate higher in his class.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYesterday was celebrated with becoming honor, due to the memory of Washington. I trust that this letter will find you all in usual health at least. My throat is troubling me today. I would be glad to hear from Thomas or from any of the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affect. brother\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 6th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very kind letter net with a welcome reception and I intended answering it last Saturday, but was prevented. I am very much gratified to learn that Mr. A. has consented to aid the church provided Mr. P remains with you. From Grace's letter I saw that he would remain if a proper salary could be raised. Do what you all can to make up the amount \u0026amp; I will be responsible for the rest. I would rather pay his whole salary than have him leave Beverly at this time. I still hope that Mr. Arnold may become a Christian. I know that the change to effect this must be great, but who will limit the power of the Holy Ghost. You were once a disbeliever, but a mother's prayers have been (as I believe) answered \u0026amp; who can say but that your prayers \u0026amp; the prayers of others may be heard for Mr. Arnold: for years I have been praying for him \u0026amp; expect to continue doing so. how great has been the change in him to agree to aid in preaching the Gospel. Pray on for him \u0026amp; pray for more faith. You speak of your temptations- that you shall be a cast away: don't tolerate such an idea for a moment. God draws his sensible presence from us to try our faith. When a cloud comes between you and the sun do you fear that the sun will never appear again? I am well satisfied that you are a child of God, and that you will be saved in Heaven, therefore ever to dwell with the ransomed of the Lord. So you must not doubt. The Natural Sun may never return to the view of the child of God when once concealed by an intervening cloud but the Sun of Righteousness will. But there is one very essential thing to the child of God who would enjoy the comforts of religion \u0026amp; that is he or she must live in accordance with the law of God- must have no will but his- Knowing the path of duty, must not hesitate for a moment, but at once[?] walk in it. Jesus says my yoke is easy \u0026amp; my burden is light \u0026amp; this is true, if we but follow him in the prompt discharge of every duty, but we mustn't hesitate a moment about doing our[?] duty under all circumstances as soon as it is made known to us \u0026amp; we should always seek by prayer to be taught our duty.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf temptations are presented, you must not think that you are committing sin in consequence of having a sinful thought- The Savior thought a sinful thought of worshipping Satan, what could be more abhorrent to a Christian's feeling than such a thought. But such thoughts become sinful if we derive pleasure from them, we must abhor them if we would prevent our sinning. The Devil inputs sinful ideas into our minds to disrupt our peace \u0026amp; to make us sin \u0026amp; it is our duty to see by prayer \u0026amp; watchfulness that we are not defiled by them.\n    \nGod has done great things; astonishing things for you \u0026amp; your family. Don't doubt his eternal love for you.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 13th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Niece,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have been desiring to answer your letter for some time, but have from various causes been prevented. I wish I could see you with me again in Lexington, but as I don't expect to have that pleasure this spring, I hope to see you in Beverly next summer. In regard to those little histories of which you spoke, I will try \u0026amp; get Mr. Thomas to take a couple of them to you as a present. They may keep you reading until you have an opportunity of purchasing yours. Send to Harper \u0026amp; Brother, New York \u0026amp; I think if you will write to them beforehand that they will let you have them a quarter lower that the retail price which was 60 cents. When I purchased mine he let me have them at 45 cents, as I purchased a number of Books and I think he will do the same now. I don't like to ask Mr. Preston to carry anything, as he will probably not be able to take everything which he wants of his own, in consequence of his being on horseback \u0026amp; leaving home for several months \u0026amp; possibly for a year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt will attend to your request. I am sorry to learn that Mr. Chenoweth's health has failed: but hope that he may soon be restored. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe have had very wet weather here during the present week, but I think that it is probably about over.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour Aunt joins me in love to you all. She spoke of writing to day, but as I wanted to answer your letter she consented to postpone hers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYou must write to me often.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate Uncle\u003cbr\u003e\nThomas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am gratified to see from your letter that you are so much pleased with Mr. Preston as a preacher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore \u0026amp; Ohio R. R. Telgraph\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy Telegraph\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDated H. Ferry April 30, 1861\u003cbr\u003e\nTo Jas. M. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn ordinance equalizing taxation onproperty throughout the sate of Virginia passed the convention of this twenty seventh inst (27th). Let papers publish.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. Commanding\u003cbr\u003e\nat Harpers Ferry\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharge 25 cts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDivision Head Qrts.\u003cbr\u003e\nHarpers Ferry\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 5th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe object of this letter is to request that you will look our for the interests of Massie, McDonald, and Cunnningham, they are all valuable officers. Though I recommended Massie to the Governor soon after my arrival here, yet at that time I didn't know his full worth. He is an invaluable staff officer, and I should greatly regret to lose him. I hope that you may find it consistent with the interest if Public Service to give him a Lieutenant Coloneley of the Inspector Generals Department.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMcDonald and Cunningham both prefer the Corps of Engineers (Regular Service).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully yours.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nMember of Council of State\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarper's Ferry\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 25th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGovernor,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe object of this letter is to state that Mr. W. S. H. Baylor, late Colonel of the Augusta regiment has qualities which would make him a valuable Colonel if an opportunity were offered for their development. During the insubordination at this place, which resulted from depriving the works of their field and general offices, Mr. B. instead of at once going to Richmond to advance his personal interests, remained here until he succeeded in quelling the insubordination in his Regiment, and I was forcibly impressed with the influence which he exerted over his men. He possesses fine qualities for an officer and consequently feels deeply that the other Colonels were reinstated whilst he was only appointed a Major. I am well satisfied from what I know of him personally, that he would as a colonel, be an ornament to the Service.\u003cbr\u003e\nI am Governor, your Obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. Va. Vols.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJany. 2d, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am much obliged to you for the nice lemons you have sent me.\nIssue one day's rations of Hd. Bd. As you suggest.\nI am glad to see that you are so well supplied.\nYou disappointed not only me but the Staff by not dining with us on Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have been concerned about your health, as I hear that you do not look so well as usual. I hope that you will take special care of your health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully yours,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\nLt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHear Quarters Valley Dist.\u003cbr\u003e\nUnger's Store Jany. 13, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe enemy have evacuated Romney, leaving part of their stores behind.\u003cbr\u003e\nRespectfully you Obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl. Comd.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl. J. E. Johnston\u003cbr\u003e\nComd. Dept. of N. Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 11th 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Doctor\u003cbr\u003e\nYour very kind and Christian letter respecting my proposed withdrawal from Field Service has been received, and be assured that it met with a cordial reception. My desire to serve our cause is undiminished, but I am in active service not because it is more congenial to my taste, but from a sense of duty. The moment that my services are not required in the field I desire to return to the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter God had restored to us the county of Morgan East of the Big Capon River and the most valuable portion of Hampshire County, and was still driving the enemy from this Military District, the Secretary of War without consulting me upon the subject, sent an order to me stating that he has information, that Genl. Loring's command is in danger of being cut off, and directs me to order him back to Winchester immediately, thus unnecessarily abandoning to the enemy what had been restored to us. If such a policy as that was to be pursued by the Secretary at his desk far removed from the theatre of war, ruin must result to our cause, and I feel called upon to utter my strongest protest against such a ruinous policy, and this I designed doing by offering to resign, rather than be the willful instrument of carrying out a ruinous policy. So far as the secretary may have shown indignity to me personally, that is not a matter to be considered in times like the present. I am satisfied that my course was a good one for our cause, the effect that it may injuriously have in the estimation of men respecting me, is of but little moment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI say it humbly but with the hope that you will live to see that my course has been what it should have been. I am every ready to remain in the field when I can have a prospect of being useful there. Pray that I may be useful.\nI am sincerely your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 18th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral\u003cbr\u003e\nI have received information that there is below Washington another Brigade besides Sickles' and that they are provided with pontoon trains by which they can cross their Art. \u0026amp; other force in about four (4) hours and that they design doing so with the night at three or four different points, and that the first favorable night is the time fixed upon. That the crossing is to be followed by the reoccupation of Fredericksburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 1st Tennessee leaves for Knoxville at dawn tomorrow morning. Would have left this morning, but I thought it best not to move until something could be heard respecting the time when the cars could receive them, as the weather has been very bad, and the troops are comfortable in their present position, \u0026amp; are within a day's march of Strasburg. Tomorrow at 10 o'clock A.M. the 1st Georgia will leave, and the Regiments for Genl Humes will move in time for their R. R. transportation. As there is no evidence of an immediate move on this place, I do not attach much importance to the information respecting the crossing of the Potomac below you, but have felt it my duty to make mention of it. The information is that the crossing is to be at night. The troops for Manassas can leave at any time via Snicker's Gap; as the boats now there will transport 250 Inft. per trip, but unless I receive further instructions from you, I will keep them as you directed until after the Regiments for the Virginia District leave.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully your Obt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinchester, VA.\u003cbr\u003e\nFebruary 18th 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJ. J. Jackson Major Gen. Comdg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReports information concerning enemy's strenght \u0026amp; intended operations on lower Potomac. Departure of the troops of Genl. Loring's command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\n8.40 p.m. March 4/62\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral\u003cbr\u003e\nMy dispatch to Genl. Johnston of yesterday as well as today was important. Please let me now at once whether either of them was captured. I think that we had better send nothing more for the present via Snicker's Gap, but everything via Ashby's. I will keep a lookout for [Miss] Osborn. I will understand the [ ]1. The Yankees are in Smithfield which is about 6 miles west of Charles Town.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully your Obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003cbr\u003e\nBrig Genl. D. H. Hill\u003cbr\u003e\nComd C. S. Forces, Leesburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 7th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nI much regret that there should be an attempt at such foul aspirations against your character as named in your letter, which I received yesterday. On the 21st Inst. my mind was so occupied with the movement of troops during the Battle, that I observed but little of the minutia of individuals beyond what was necessary to see plans carried out. But so favorable was the impression of your conduct on my mind at the time of making out my report, when my memory was more fresh than at present, that I felt it was official duty to speak of you in terms of great praise. At the time of making out my report, I was suffering from my wound, and wrote but a short report, but all that is in it respecting yourself, is such testimony, as a meritorious officer successfully fighting for the Liberty of his country deserves. I see that I forwarded your report to Genl. Johnston and you had better get a copy of mine from him if you need it, as there might be a military impropriety in my sending you a copy. If the General hasn't got mine, request him to direct me to furnish him with a copy, or to furnish you with it either. But if you have any hesitation about making the request of the Genl. let me know, and I will send you a copy of the report so far as it relates to you. I did not retain a copy of your Report.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eToday I will commence in a quiet way gathering up such facts and names as may be of use to you, should there be any occasion for them. Anything I can do, you must depend upon me for as it will be both a duty and pleasure to send you.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour daughter, Mrs. [?] and Mrs. Jackson left here in the same stage on last Tuesday. Sandy is recovering from a very severe cold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. Valley District\u003cbr\u003e\nNear Mt. Jackson March 20th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nAs Lt. Col. Grisby was on furlough when I last wrote to you, my second letter has been postponed until his return. I sent for him today, and he states that he probably saw more of you during the Battle, and had more to say to you, than any other officer; and that you behaved as bravely as an officer should, and appears to have been impressed with your coolness and courage, and speaks of your conduct in high terms, and says that with the exception McLachlin d of the time when you went to the rear \u0026amp; hitched your horse, that you were forward with your battery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMcLachlin does not appear to recollect much respecting you during the engagement as he states that his attention was given to his pieces, and that is very natural, I know that I observed but little of individuals except as duty brought me in contact with them. Though he says that you were with the leading piece when the battery went forward on the line of battle, and that his his opinion is that just before the piece went to the rear, you gave direction respecting the firing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould you have Brockenbrough Court Marshaled, I would advise you to have Grisby summoned as a witness. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery Truly your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. Valley Dist.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 16th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. M. K. Langhorne,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour note respecting you brave son has been recd. and I hasten to say that you may rest assured that I will give special attention not only to his exchange when an opportunity offers but also to his unfortunate comrades.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours sincerely,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. V. Dist.\u003cbr\u003e\nBig Spring\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 18th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaj. Genl. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nSupt. Va. Mil. Inst.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you can possibly spare Colonel Williamson for a week or ten days, I hope that you will give him a leave of absence for the purpose of assisting me professionally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General your obdt. servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qts. at Swift Run Gap\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 28, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaj. Genl. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nSupt. V. M. Institute\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have an important movement in contemplation and I regret to trouble you again when the subject of letting Col. Williamson join me for a few days; but if you can possibly do so, I hope that you will let him leave immediately upon the receipt of this, and join me with all possible dispatch. Should he come, let him on reaching Staunton call on Major A. W. Harman for relays of horses in order that he may reach this point or wherever it may be in the shortest time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy prayer is that the proposed undertaking will receive God's blessing for without it I can do nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould you be able to grant my request, you may rest assured that I will not retain the Colonel longer than necessary and should you desire his services at any time before the completion of his work, you have but to notify me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI send herewith authority for him to impress horses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General your obedt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHead Quarters May 3rd, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpec. Orders\u003cbr\u003e\nNo. 214\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaj. Gen. F.H. Smith having brought the Corps of Cadets of the Va. Mil. Inst. into the field, Quartermasters, Commissaries, and Ordinance Officers will furnish him all necessary supplies from their respective Departments.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy Order\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Gen. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nA.S. Pendleton\u003cbr\u003e\nA. A. A. G.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNear Harrisonburg\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 19th, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nHon. A. R. Boteler\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Sir,\u003cbr\u003e\nAccording to my promise I notify you that I am going down the Valley. But I can not say that I would advise to come on as my movements mat not be such as would enable you to visit your home. Should you feel at liberty to join me, I hope that you will do so at your earliest convenience.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhat is the prospect of having Lt. Cols. J. R. Jones \u0026amp; A. Snead appointed Brig. Generals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery truly your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qtrs. Valley District\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 29, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor Genl. F. H. Smith\u003cbr\u003e\nSupt. Va. Mil. Institute\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very grateful to you for your cooperation. Please call on the proper Departments at Staunton for transportation and Subsistence. When I get a tent or room to write in you shall hear from me again.\nI am General, your obdt. Serv.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePort Republic\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 6, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Colonel,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have recommended Lt. Col. J. R. Jones late of the 33rd Regt. Va. Vols. For a Brigadier Generalcy. I greatly need his services as such, any thing you can do towards securing his appointment will be valuable service rendered to our cause. You may remember the part he bore in the capture of the arsenal at Apalachicola. To him was entrusted the quelling of the insurrectionary movement in this District last Spring and it was effected greatly to my satisfaction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCol. J. goes to Richmond at my request. My recommendation of him sometime since was without his knowledge, and he is too modest a gentleman to do much in the way of pressing this matter as it affects him personally(?), and I therefore trust that this will do it for him. Please introduce him to Hon. A. R. Boteler, who has already taken steps towards securing the appointment.\nRemember me very kindly to the Governor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery truly your friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGordonsville\u003cbr\u003e\nJune 20th, 1864\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nYours of the 9th instant has been received, but was not handed to me by Mr. [?].  If I see an opening for an army appointment for him, I will try and secure it but I fear that no such appointment will be secured without the recommendation of the Colonel or other officers of a regiment where his services may be desired.  If he can secure such a recommendation it will most certainly secure the appointment.  I am glad that he has come, and I will talk with Major Dabney respecting him, with the hope that the Major may be the means under God of increasing his usefulness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor our prayer accept my warmest thanks, and I trust that you, and all our Christian people will with increased [?] with God implore his blessing upon our cause.  He can give us victory, and crown us with complete success, and He alone can.  My trust is in Him, and in Him along, and unto His name be all the glory for every success and every blessing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGive my kindest regards to Mrs. White and all the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour much attached friend,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite Oak Bridge\u003cbr\u003e\nJuly 10th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nYours of this date has been received. I send you a copy of the order for falling back. There are no infantry that I am aware of in front of you this morning. If no instructions have reached you, I would, if in your place, move off to your position near Williamsburg road. I expect to leave here this evening about 3 o' clock.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStuart is still in front. I saw Capt. Rufus Barring yesterday. He says that his youngest child if dangerously ill.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nT.J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 31st, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nMy dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very grateful to you for your prayers to God for the success of the operation which God has entrusted to me. Please continue to pray for me and for the success of the troops entrusted to me. It cheers my heart to think that many of God's people are praying to our very kind Heavenly Father for the success of the army to which I belong. Without God's blessing I look for no success, and for every success my prayer is, that all the glory may be given unto Him to whom it is properly due. If people would but give all the glory to God, and regard his creatures as but unworthy instruments, my heart would rejoice. Alas too frequently the praise is bestowed upon the creature. Whilst we must not forget the superior importance of spiritual victories, yet I trust that you will under God's direction do what you can in securing the prayers of His people for the success of our arms, especially for the success of them which are entrusted to me, an unworthy servant, but who desires to glorify His name even in my present military calling. My trust is in God for success. Praying for a continuation of your usefulness I remain your much attached friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Maggie\u003cbr\u003e\nIn haste I drop you a line in answer to your letter of Oct.3d. I regret not having a position to which propriety Mr. Estill can be assigned. The best opening that I see for him is to secure an appointment as an ordnance officer. There are to be 70 appointed after being examined by a board upon their qualifications. Harry Estill is among the number. It appears to me that his brother Charles ought to pass examination by giving attention to the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am much obliged to you for your kindness. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI deeply sympathize with you all in the death of dear Willie. He was in my first Sabbath school class where I became attached to him when he was a little boy. I had expected to have him as one of my aid de camps but God in his providence has ordered otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRemember me very kindly to Col. Preston \u0026amp; all the family.\u003cbr\u003e\nAffectionately your brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNear Gordonsville\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 7th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI am much obliged to you for giving Cadet Morrison a leave of absence. Should you not receive from his father a letter within the prescribed time requesting that his son's resignation be accepted, I respectfully request that you will accept it upon this my application.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General yr obdt servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 am Bristow\u003cbr\u003e\n27 Augt 62\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nPermit me to congratulate you upon the brilliant success with which God has blessed you.  You deserve promotion. The 12 Geo. \u0026amp; 15th Ala. Regt. have been ordered to you this morning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you have commissary stores enough please send 5000 rations to Genl. Ewell at Bristow as soon as you can get transportation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Genl yr obdt servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSharpsburg\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 16th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiss Fairfield,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have received the nice breakfast for which I am indebted to your kindness.  Please accept my grateful appreciation of you hospitality.\nVery sincerely yours,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd Qrs V. Dist Sept. 22nd, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI respectfully recommend that Corporal Jas. P. Smith of the Rockbridge Artillery be appointed Aid de Camp and directed to report to me for duty. As 1st Lt. G. G. Junkin has resigned I desire Mr. Smith to be his successor. He has been acting as A. D. C. since the 20th instant and I respectfully request that his appointment be dated accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am General your most obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003cbr\u003e\nHd. Qrs. V. Dist. Oct. 15th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRevoking approval of Maj. Genl. D. H. Hill recommendation of Col. D. K. McBeal for a Brigadier Generalcy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. A. N. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 16th, 1862\u003cbr\u003e\nResptly forwarded\u003cbr\u003e\nBy order of Genl. R. E. Lee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClarke County Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOct. 30th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Doctor,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour kind and Christian letter of the 16th inst, with the accompanying resolution have been received, I write this note to thank you for having so effectually complied with my request, and to ask that your prayers and Christian efforts be continued as before requested, My trust is in God, and it is a great comfort to know that he answers prayer. I am very thankful to our kind Heavenly Father for restoring you to health. I hope that both your sons if not entirely well at present soon will be.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour much attached friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDec. 7th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Genl,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have not yet found the sermon by Bishop Elliott of which mention was made when with you last. But I send herewith another of his sermons which I hope you will after reading forward to some friend in order that it may under God's blessing accomplish much good. The part marked on the 19th \u0026amp; 20th pages comes up to my idea of what is the very reasonable \u0026amp; most important duty and high privilege of our people at this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe sermon was given me by Mrs. Brent of Winchester last winter or early in March and has not been sent out among the troops as all religious matter should.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSincerely your friend\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nDec. 8th, 1862\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl,\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen you last wrote I presume that Mount Mass. \u0026amp; Hop Yard were not picketed for want of time after Genl. E. received the order, but before [now] I expect that the pickets are in position. I wish that you and Genl. E. would arrange the picketing dividing the work between the two divisions proportionally\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have written to Genl. Lee for the purpose of having a [c?] picket at Dickinson's crossing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Genl. Yr. obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor,\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. Crutchfield is very desirous of having a commissary for my reserve Art. The object of this note is to ascertain whether you have one that can be assigned there. Who have you at Milford Depot?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIf you have no commissary to spare for the purpose, and you know of a suitable person I wish you would recommend him and send the recommendation through these Hd. Qrs. How would Campbell do? What I desire you to do is to recommend the most worthy if one is to be appointed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCan one commissary attend to the duties at Milford Depot and also to seeing that the Arty. wants?\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTake care of yourself \u0026amp; when you feel like taking a long ride, come down and see me.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully your obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister Isabella,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 15th respecting Genl. Hill was received yesterday. My first step was to try and arrange things so that he would remain with this Army; but after several interviews with him and also with Genl. Lee, I became satisfied that it would be impolite to insist on his remaining. Genl. Lee manifested to great interest in Genl. Hill, and a great desire that he should not resign. He \u0026amp; I took the same view as yourself respecting his feelings after being out of service a while, and we both thought it best that he should be ordered to Richmond where he could be ordered to duty else where \u0026amp; to some position where he could have more comforts than with this company or he given a leave to go home as circumstances might justify. It appears that the War Department took a similar view. The last news received from the Dept. was that his resignation would not be accepted at present but if necessary, a leave of absence granted. I am probably wrong in saying that this Course was determined on by the War Dept. What I should have said, is, that Genl. Lee who has returned from Richmond told me that he had so recommended and I am well satisfied that his recommendation has not been departed from.  Genl. Hill has probably explained to you before this, the causes which induced him to leave here. I tried to remove what I could influence, but was not successfull. For his services the Country owes him a lasting debt of gratitude. My prayer is that he will continue in the service until the war terminates, and that our Heavenly Father will give him success. And that his health and strength will not be so over taxed in the future as it had been in the past.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe subject of his leaving the army gave me great concern. I did not like to take any steps which would be distasteful to him. Though I thought he ought to go to Richmond, yet as he expressed his desire not to leave if a battle was about to take place, and as one might be fought any day. So far as I knew, I felt a hesitancy about doing anything which would separate him from his division in case of an action.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl. Lee proposed that he should take a leave of absence, and return to his division in the Spring, but Genl. Hill did not accept of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough the case has been such as to give anxiety to you, Genl. Lee \u0026amp; myself, I am satisfied that Our God will over rule it for good. For He causes all things to work together for good to them who love Him. If the Genl. is at home when this reaches you, please give my love to him. Joseph, Robert and Maj. Ewing[?] are well. I have not seen Mr. Barrington for nearly two months. Give love to the children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate brother,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorbyn's Farm\u003cbr\u003e\nCaroline Co. Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nFeby 11th, 1863\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy dear Captain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of the 5th instant has been received, and your request will receive special attention. I am not sanguine of success, but an available opportunity may occur.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI regret to heat of the continued delicate health of Mrs. B. \u0026amp; child. Joseph Morrison has gone home to see his mother who is seriously ill. Capt. Avery had also gone on leave of absence of 25 days.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenl. Hill has been assigned to duty in N.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Irwin \u0026amp; Sis with their children were at Cottage Home at last account. I hope that they will be there when Anna \u0026amp; Paul arrive there.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould you come near me. I hope that you will not pass by without calling.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery truly yours,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Genl. Stuart has arrived since the foregoing and he desires getting you appointed on His Military Court of which he has the promise. Say nothing about this, as the court is not yet secured.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A. N. V.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 23d, 1863\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have learned officially this evening, that Mr. Col. Wm. R. Cox 2d N.C. Regt. \u0026amp; Judge Advocate of the General Court Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones is absent and will not return until the 2d of April. Under these circumstances I would respectfully recommend that Col. D.B. Penn of the 7th Louisiana Regt. be appointed Judge Advocate of the Court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe accompanying papers were returned to me today by Col. W. P. Bynum of the 2d N. C. I. One of the envelopes was opened by him under the impression that the package concerned his Regt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am Genl. your obdt. Servt.\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Gen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nLt. Genl.\u003cbr\u003e\nHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A.N.V.\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 23, 1863\u003cbr\u003e\nRecommending that Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNear Fredericksburg, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nApril 15th, 1863\u003cbr\u003e\nMessrs. Mitchell \u0026amp; Tyler\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGentlemen,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour note of the 11th instant informing me that you have not only repaired my watch but also replaced the indistinct gold dial by a white one, gratuitously has been received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe object of this note is to thank you for your kindness, and to say that not only is the watch thoroughly repaired; but that I regard its usefulness materially enhanced by the new dial.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am gentlemen,\u003cbr\u003e\n[Signature missing/cut out from letter at unknown date]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7.45 A. M.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour dispatch of 6. A. m. has been recd. I have sent a scouting party down the road you are on for the purpose of communicating with you.  The party has taken 2 prisoners who report back of a regt. In rifle [?] in the wood.  I have ordered a force to the wood for the purpose of clearing it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor,\u003cbr\u003e\nPlease forward the above by telegraph.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI hope to get you a Colonelcy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYours truly\u003cbr\u003e\nT. J. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nMaj. Genl.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["...Be not discouraged by disappointments \u0026 difficulties but on the contrary let each stimulate you to greater exertions for attaining noble ends \u0026 an approving conscience at least will be your reward. Please write to me soon. My health is as good as usual. During my furlough I was made an officer consequently my duties are lighter than usual. You may rest assured of my ....(section of letter missing)","....what I have formerly... \nfriend \u0026 brother \nThos. Jackson","...difficulty in obtaining them from the post office on account of another cadet's name being Thomas. R. Jackson.","I am at present living in a room by myself my room mate having resigned in consequence of his father's ill health. The weather has been extremely cold \u0026 stormy here for the last few days though at present it is moderating. My studies for the approaching June examination will include Optics Mechanics Astronomy Magnetism \u0026 Chemistry together with drawing. I expect to commence taking exercises in riding in a day or two. At the examination last I rose in each of department of my studies.","A few days since I was called upon to pay the last token of my respect to a friend \u0026 fellow classmate in whom were combined both shining talents \u0026 the characteristics of a gentleman. His death was much lamented by his class mates who a few days subsequent to his death assembled \u0026 appointed a committee to attend to the erection of a monument to his memory. My health is at present as good as usual \u0026 I remain your well wishing brother \nT.J. Jackson","U.S.M.A. Aug 2nd 1845 \nDear Sister \nActuated by a sense of duty I proceed to writing you a few lines hoping that they may find you enjoying the blessings of health and prosperity generally which I have some reason to expect.","You may infer that I am well and enjoying myself very well considering that I am deprived of the blessings of a home the society of the friends of my child-hood the cordial welcome of relatives and above all the presence of an only sister. Times are now far different from what they once were. Once I was in my native state at my adopted home none to give there mandates none for me to obey but as I chose surrounded by my playmates and natives all apparently eager to promote my happiness. But those were the days of my youth they have fled never again to return. They have been succeeded by days of quite a different aspect they have brought forth manhood with all its cares.","I have before me two courses either of which I may chose in case that I am blessed with health and long life they are widely different in their natures and consequences. The first I may say would be to follow the profession of arms the second that of a civil pursuit as law. If I should adopt the first I could live independently \u0026 surrounded by friends whom I have all ready made have no fear of want, my pay would be be fixed. The principal thing I would have to attend to would be futurity. If I adopt the latter I presume that I would still find plenty of friends but my exertions would have to be great in order to acquire a name. This course is most congenial to my taste and consequently I expect to adopt it after spending a few years in pursuing the former.","I have forgotten the contents of my former letter consequently I will mention my standing as it exists at present . In Drawing it is 59th, in Chemistry 25th, in general standing 20th, in Philosophy 11th, in conduct 1st. There are 60 members in my class at present nineteen above me and forty below me.","I propose on coming to see my friends and yourself in July next.","A member of the Corps was drowned a few days since his body was recovered about 5 days subsequent to the fatal stroke and interred with the honors of war. I had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He was a youth of promise stood high in his class and bid fair for long life. The news must have inflicted a sore wound on the hearts of his parents for he certainly was a favorite child. The corps is at present in mourning for him.There have been a number of distinguished men on the point for some time back among whom was Major General Scott. Many visitors favour us with calls among them are a number of ladies but they are not so fair as the daughters of western Virginia.","Write to me frequently as your brother \nT.J. Jackson","West Point U.S.M.A. Nov. 25th 1845 \nDear Sister \nIt has been but a few moments since I had the pleasure of receiving your affectionate \u0026 sister like letter with it came the blended feelings of satisfaction sorrow and remorse. Satisfaction to think that I still have an existence in the heart of an amiable and admired sister. Sorrow because of your delicate health. Remorse for the misfortunes of an uncle who has been to me a true friend.","As to your health it is my sincere wish that you may again recover it and of which I continue to live in hopes. My constitution as well as your own has received a severe shock but I believe is gradually recovering from its debilitated state. My exercises this year with the broad sword as well as the small are well calculated to strengthen the chest \u0026 expand the muscles so that I have some reason to believe that they will have the desired effects of restoring me to perfect health. And I hope that the same kind providence which has preserved us as the remnant of a family up to the present period will again favor us with an interview although in its wisdom it has marked out for us (at least for a period) widely different spheres of action and different places of abode. But I look forward with no small degree of satisfaction to the period when my circumstances will allow me to settle down near you \u0026 among my relatives in order to share with yourselves the ineffable pleasures of domestic circles. For your kind advice, and well wishes, you have my hearty thanks.","Since my last letter I have been transferred to the first section in Ethics \u0026 I think that I have probably a mark in it which will place me among the first five in my class in this science \u0026 which I consider as preferable to any other in the course.","There is a young gentleman here by the name of Withers who is from the south he has told me that his father was formerly of Virginia \u0026 that he has relatives still living there \u0026 that one of them who is a doctor visited his father two or three years since.This youth is an associate of mine \u0026 I would be glad to know whether or no he is a relative of mine which I could do probably if I knew the given name of doctor Withers of Fauquier who I know visited the south sometime previous to my coming here. If you recollect the time of his passing through Weston as well as his name I would be glad if you would insert them in your next provided it will be convenient to you though I do not wish you to put yourself to the least trouble on that account as I can obtain them otherwise.","It is probable that you think hard of me because of my not writing more frequent. But I hope that the strict requirements of many duties as well as want of information \u0026 [_____] will prove a partial if not a complete excuse. Give my respects to Mr. Arnold \u0026 rest assured of my immutable attachment.","...is a little excitement owing to the proximity of Furlough \u0026 graduation.","I have been expecting a letter from you in answer to my last but not knowing what might have occurred I have deemed it best to attempt another hoping that it will meet with better success than the former. [Futile?] may be the effort and feeble it must be [missing word or words] -ation that I but seldom turn my atten[tion] [missing word or words] elegance of [missing]. I hope that you will [missing] it to pass unnoticed. Thought it be divested of ev[ery] artificial merit yet it [be possessed of] a natural....","Rumor appears to indicated a rupture between our government \u0026 that of the Mexican. If such should be the case the probability is that I will be ordered to join the army of occupation immediately \u0026 if so I will hardly see home until after my return \u0026 the next letter that you will receive from me may be dated Texas or Mexico. But be the decre[e?] [missing] all knowing God as they may I hope that [missing] [s]hall ever continue to love you with a [missing]..... \nT. J. Jackson","On Board the James L. Day \nSeptember 22d 1846","Dear Uncle \nI have often thought of writing to you but have deferred it until the present which is the latest news which I will be able of give you previous to leaving the United States. I found after arriving at Fort Columbus that Capt Taylor had left that post from that place. I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where he had taken up his quarters. Leaving there about ten days afterward, I traveled by land about 410 miles to Pittsburgh at which place I embarked on board the steam boat Suatara which conveyed me to Cincinnati. From that city I came to New Orleans on board the steamer Hendrik Hudson. I have just left New Orleans Barracks and am now being transported to Point Isabell which I expect to reach in about 2 or 3 days. I am at present with Captain Taylor (who is a Virginian and a very fine man) 27 men and 84 horses. The principal part of the company is in Mexico at present. I belong to a company of light Artillery which is frequently called flying artillery. In an action if all the officers of the company should be well I will have to carry dispatches being unfortunately too low to have a command. It is possible that before this time General Taylor has had another battle. If he has not already had one it is thought by men of experience that he will have before entering Monterey.","I sent uncle a few days since tell him if it is not there it to Clarksburg and tell (the merchant) that I wish him to give for it. It will be more to him than. (Note: the sentence contains several words that have been blacked out with ink, thus making the full meaning difficult to determine)","The weather here is more pleasant than it was in the north before I left there. The city of New Orleans is very healthy and there is no yellow fever in it at present. I am enjoying comparatively good health at present and I do not believe that I have the liver complaint but am under the impression that the disease is neuralgic.","Give my respects to my friends including your family of course and write to me as soon as you [can] ascertain where to direct your letter.","T. J. Jackson \nP.S. I have arrived in sight of Point Isabel Texas and am now at anchor in a strong gale. The news came aboard yesterday that General Taylor would be ready for a battle on yesterday. The intelligence was by letter from Col. Whiting. I expect soon to start up the Rio Grande by steam for the purpose of joining the main body of the army as soon as possible.","TJJ","Point Isabel Texas \nSept 25th/46","Dear Sister: \nI arrived in this port last evening and purposed on writing to you before closing my eyes in sleep but I was prevented from executing my purpose by the impossibility of procuring an idle pen. I have availed myself of this opportunity of writing in particular as it may be the last favorable one for days to come as in this country letters are generally transmitted from one person to another through the kindness of a third person or the quartermasters. How I shall be able to get this to New Orleans I can not say but it must be through one of these channels. There are at present about one hundred vessels in port, some of which I presume will soon sail for New Orleans.","It is useless for me to attempt to give a detailed account or narrative of occurrences since I last parted with you but suffice it to say that I arrived home on the following Monday and on the succeeding Wednesday received orders to report without delay to Capt. Francis Taylor and the following day in compliance with my orders bid farewell to my uncle's family and proceeded to Fort Columbus but on arriving there ascertained that he had left. On receiving this information I proceeded to Fort Hamilton where I found him. From that post in connection with Capt. Taylor thirty men and forty horses I took up march for this place. After traveling upwards of 400 miles by land we reached Pittsburgh where we took water and have finally arrived here after a March of about 36 days.","Whilst I was in Clarksburg I learned that Mr. McWilliams was still in your house and unable to pay rent for it and I was advised to consult Burtin Despard. He told me that the house could be cleared of its occupants in a short time but that it might cost about fifteen dollars to effect it and if Mr. Arnold should desire him that he would attend to it. And if I had to employ any one he should have the preference in as much as he would in my opinion effect it in a shorter time than any other attorney in Clarksburg. The lot which you were speaking of purchasing he told me that in his opinion you could not get a good title for it if you should purchase it because it is already covered by three deeds of trust. Any further information upon the subject can be obtained by applying to Mr. Despard.","I have not yet landed but an officer of the Quartermasters Department has been aboard and stated that General Taylor had observed that he would be ready for another battle by yesterday. This news came by letter from Col. Whiting. Whether the Battle came off or not I can not say.","I belong to K company 1st Artillery which to use the common phrase is a flying company of Artillery. I could say much more but I am writing in a strong gale of wind and where things are all confusion. I am in hopes of starting up the Rio Grande tomorrow and on reaching General Taylor as soon as possible. I wish you to write to me soon directing your letter to Lieut T.J. Jackson, Comp K, 1st Artillery, Army of Occupation Mexico. It may reach me but not with certainty. My health is better than it has been for some time. Give my respects to the good people of Beverly they still occupy a high place in my esteem especially your amiable husband whose kindness as well as yours has been indelibly written on my heart and memory.","T.J. Jackson","Dear Sister \nI now send you the long delayed letter and hope that you will pardon my procrastination since I last wrote to you. I have been at Matamoras Camargo Monterey and Saltillo and the intermediate towns. At present I can not conveniently give you a general idea of the portions of Mexico which have fallen under my observation but hope to do so at some future day when things are more settled than at present and I also purpose on writing to you more frequently.","It would have [afforded] me much pleasure to have been with the gallant and victorious General Taylor at the battle of Buena Vista in which he has acquired laurels as imperishable as he history which shall record the invasion of Mexico by our victorious armies. But I was ordered away from Saltillo in January last and I believe for the best inasmuch as I am now with the most important portion of the army and on the most important line of operations.","I am now encamped on the road leading from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico. Our troops landed about two miles from the former city on the ninth inst and on the same night were fired on by the Mexicans. On the following day we commenced surrounding the city and operating against it. The operations after the [investment] was completed consisted principally in bombarding and cannonading which were continued until not only the city but the castle of San Juan Dulloa agreed to surrender. The capitulation occurred yesterday. The terms are that all the public property falls into our hands, the troops march out under the condition of not serving against us during the present war unless exchanged. The troops marched out yesterday and surrendered their arms and we took possession immediately. This capitulation has thrown into our hands the strong hold of this republic and being a regular [siege] in connection with other circumstances must in my opinion excel any military operations known in the history of our country. I approve of all except allowing the enemy to retire that I can not approve of in as much as we had them secure and could have taken them prisoners of war unconditionally.","Our loss is not accurately known nor that of the enemy either yet but in my estimation ours can not exceed twenty men in killed, we lost only two captains (Capt Vinton of the artillery and Capt Alburtis of the infantry). I have been in the city and was much surprised at its strength. It is surrounded on the land side by a wall about 10 feet high and a series of forts and on the other side is protected by the castle.","You asked me whether I belonged to General Worth's division. I had the honor of being in it so long as it existed but it has been broken up during the past siege. I was part of the time with him and part of the time with General Twigs. Whilst I was at the advanced batteries a cannon ball came in about five steps of me. I presume that you think my name ought to appear in the papers but when you come to consider the composition of our army you will entertain different views. Its composition is such that those who have independent commands only are as a general rule spoken of for instance Ridgely May [Bra--] Duncan Ringold Smith all commanded companies. If an officer wishes to distinguish himself he must remain long in service until he obtains rank then he obtains the praise not only for his efforts but for the efforts of the officers and men under him. That portion of praise which may be due to me must of course go to those above me or be included in the praise given to the army.","My health is extremely good. I probably look better than I have for years. I expect to remain in Mexico for the remainder of the war and expect to move forward with the leading Brigade. I expect to be promoted in a short time to a second lieutenancy. This will probably occasion me to leave the light battery but it will give me more rank which is of the greatest importance in the army.","Remember me in the warmest terms to Mr. Arnold and all my other friends. I rejoice at your prosperity and hope and doubt not that it will continue. I hope soon to march forward towards the city of Mexico. Vera Cruz continues healthy. I intend writing soon and more frequently as my feelings incline me to and as a brother ought. Your last letters coming in such quick succession served as a just rebuke but my means for writing are poor. Even now I am using a box for a chair and my camp bedstead as a writing desk and think myself comfortably situated. You have all the conveniences necessary and I hope that you will use them to write often to one who esteems you above all.","Camp near Vera Cruz Mexico \nMarch 30th 1847","Sir: \nHaving in compliance with written instructions from Capt Francis Taylor 1st Arty performed the duties of QrMaster from the 14th of August 1846 to include the 22d of the same month and from the 16th of Oct to include the 28th of November of the same year. The above duty was performed whilst on march from Fort Hamilton NY to Monterey Mexico and I have the honor to request that I may be allowed the usual compensation for the same. \nVery respectfully","Your Obt Servt \nT. J. Jackson \nLt 1st Arty","Jalapa Mexico \nApril 22d 1847","Dear Sister \nI promised in my last that I would give you a more detailed account of Mexico in a subsequent letter. I will now endeavor to comply with that promise. In doing so I will first state in general terms that the portion of Northern Mexico which has fallen under my observation is mostly a vast barren waste cities excepted. There are but two seasons in Mexico wet \u0026 dry. In consequence of the drought there is but little vegetation in the north. A person in traveling through this sterile portion of country would not suppose that the country inhabitants were able to pay their taxes. But in the cities it is different. There wealth is frequently found one person residing in Saltillo is said to own a larger area of land than the state of New York.","But passing to the south the aspect of things change. You frequently {see} elegant buildings in the country. Genl Santa Anna owns between this place \u0026 Vera Cruz 5 beautiful houses and a tract of land about fifty five miles in length. The country in the south is very similar to our own. Whilst I was in Monterey my quarters were in the outskirts of the city having a large back lot attached which contained beautiful orange orchard. Also in this lot was a fine bathing establishment the dimensions being about 25 by 30 ft. Monterey is the most beautiful city which I have seen in the North of this distracted country.","About 50 miles farther west is Saltillo the capital of Coahuila. Its [height] is about 2000 feet above the level of Monterey on an inclined plane at the edge of the table lands. The houses are generally built of sun dried brick as are most of the houses in that region. The church is the most highly ornamented on the interior of any edifice which has ever come under my observation. On entering this magnificent structure we are struck with the gaudy appearance on every side but most especially the opposite end which appears to be gilded with gold. At the bottom is a magnificent silver altar and on each side are statues which can not fail to attract the attention of the astonished beholder. The music is of the highest character. The priests are robed in the most gaudy of apparel. The inhabitants take off their hats on approaching the church and do not replace them until past it. One day whilst I was near the building I observed a señora (lady) gradually approaching the door on another occasion I saw a female looking at a statue and weeping like a child. Such is the superstition of this race.","After obtaining a [limited] transportation for General Twigg's division it set forward for Jalapa on the road leading to the city of Mexico. But on arriving near Cerro Gordo we learned that General Santa Anna held the pass in force consequently we waited for reinforcements which finally arrived and on the 17nst we attacked the Mexicans but did not succeed in routing them completely until the 18th when we took some thousand prisoners and completely routed the remainder. We followed close on the retreating column until night and came near enough to give the retreating enemy a few shots from the battery. But they succeeded in effecting their escape for want of our dragoons. General Scott after disarming the prisoners allowed them to retire the officers on [parole]. But General La Vega who is again our prisoner refused to except of his and I presume that he will be sent back to the U.S. Our loss has been considerable but not known neither is the Mexican. General Santa Anna escaped but in his haste left us his carriage \u0026 together with some thousand dollars in specie.","General Twiggs' division has fought the battle. General Worth has again got a division but he did not get it into action owing to its being used as a reserve and General Twiggs' as the advance. Capt Taylor in his report to General Twiggs has spoken of me in very flattering terms. I am now in Jalapa which is situated about 60 miles from Vera Cruz and 195 from the city of Mexico. General Worth is now in advance and if there is any fighting at Perote he will be apt to distinguish himself. He will probably be in the vicinity of Perote tomorrow at farthest and possibly today. It is rumored here that the Mexicans are fortifying their capital if so then we may have the grand battle there. A Mexican officer came here last evening from the city of Mexico and stated that his father had written to him from San [Louis] stating that General Taylor was there \u0026 had met with no opposition.","I can say no more as I have just learned that the escort by which I wish to send this has started because I must mount my horse \u0026 over take it or miss a good opportunity. I am in better health than usual.","Jalapa, May 25th, 1847","Lovely Sister \nI have the mortification of being left to garrison the town of Jalapa. Capt Taylor used his influence to keep me with him in which event I should have gone forward. But [Col. Childs] who was made military governor of this place got General Scott to issue an order requiring me to join my company which was under the command of the governor. Not withstanding my present situation I have some hope of getting forward by-and-by when more troops get in from the states. But all this is with General Scott. I throw myself into the hands of an all wise God and hope that it may yet be for the better. It may have been one of [His] means of diminishing my excessive ambition and after having accomplished his purpose whatever it may be he then in his infinite wisdom may gratify my desire.","The army was to move at the time which I mentioned but General Scott concluded to disband the volunteers as their time had nearly expired and this so much diminished our force that we delayed the advance until a couple of days since. General Scott left on Sunday with an escort following in the wake of his troops. General Worth has been in Puebla for about 10 days. Santa Anna marched from Orezaba and commenced fortifying about half way between the cities of Puebla and Mexico but owing to some [cause] he relinquished it and marched into the capital left the army and is now in the presidential chair. As to his motives I cannot say anything further. But I suppose that he thinks that his influence will be more powerful there than elsewhere. The people here think him an infamous man. An election was held on the 15th for president and Herera was the successful candidate but will not take his seat for a few months yet.","I am in fine quarters and making rapid progress in the Spanish language and have an idea of making some female acquaintances shortly. I see many things here of interest by the way of ornament and fruits and wish that I only had an opportunity of sending some to you and Thomas. I well know that he would like to have a ranchero (Mexican) on horse back followed by some large dogs. I would be much pleased to hear from Wirt poor fellow?","Give my respects to your estimable husband. I want to hear whether the reports about Uncles Cummins \u0026 Edward are true. I think of you often and my heart more than once upbraided me for my neglect to you. But I feared to inform you of things as they were in this unholy land. Your Brother always.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico \nFeby 28th 1848","Dearest Sister \nThe mail came on the 26th and in vain I searched the post office thrice for a line from you and consequently sorrowfully commenced my letter to you but on leaving my desk for a few hours on business was agreeably surprised on my return to find your letter mysteriously placed on my table. And now whilst I recommence with joy inexpressible for tongue or pen at hearing of your life still being prolonged I am also most deeply affected with heartfelt sorrow at the words which say \"I may not live to receive your answer.\" But I hope that these words imply nothing beyond what they literally state. To God this is the earnest prayer of your brother. But if he in his great wisdom has afflicted you with disease incurable then may he in his infinite goodness receive you into his heavenly abode where though I should be deprived of you here in this world of care yet I should hope to meet with you in a land where care and sorrow are unknown there with a mother a brother a sister yourself and I hope a father to live in a state of felicity uncontaminated by mortality.","Let not this letter trouble you dearest sister for I could not write one of a different cast with a clear conscience when you speak to me so ominously. But do not be [deterred] by any cause from saying to me plainly that I am sick or that I am well for ambiguity in relation to you is very painful to me.","You appear to think hard of my not writing more frequently but I have not only written by every mail but on one occasion sent by a Spanish friend in [five]. I have embraced every opportunity to say to you that I am in such or such a state of health. But for the future the intention is to send the mail by escorts twice a month on the first and fifteenth so that you may expect to hear from me by every mail until I am ordered from this city which may and which may not be at all as I am in General Smith's brigade and he is governor of the city. I am first Lieutenant and belong to Capt. Taylor's Battery. I hope the war may soon terminate but do not entertain much hope although the terms of a treaty have been sent to Washington and at present an armistice is being made or has been concluded but as yet is not public. Santa Anna has asked of his government a passport for the purpose of leaving the country and it was granted to him on the 13th inst. But it is doubtful whether he will go as several of the states have expressed themselves favorably to him and [------------] has offered him an asylum.","If we both live I expect to see you. Do not allow my words about marrying in Mexico to disturb you. I have sometimes thought of staying here and again of going home. I have no tie in this country equal to you. You speak of my fine horse as in your opinion being rather extravagant but if an officer wishes to appear best he should appear well in everything. I bought the horse having plenty of money and need of [ ] and have since been offered three hundred and fifty dollars for him, that is a hundred and seventy more than I gave and can at any time get more than I gave. My pay whilst with Capt. Magruder was one hundred and four dollars per month and I expect it will soon be the same here but at present it is only about ninety so that I have plenty of money and am in the long run economical although it would not appear to you so as here everything is dear and with you cheap. I dress as a gentleman should who wishes to be received as such. I do not gamble nor spend my money as I think foolishly.","I am very desirous of peace as it may be better for the United States \u0026 it may give me an opportunity of again entering your hospitable house \u0026 having that sight most delightful of all other earthly ones that is of my sister. My health I think is improving in this country and at all events my knowledge of Spanish is. As I shall have a better idea when the mail will start hereafter I shall try and send you more interesting letters. Remember me to Mr. Arnold \u0026 friends in the warmest terms. Your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. March 23, 1848.","Dear Sister \nI have written a letter to Mr. Arnold and requested to be remembered to you in it but since finishing it I have concluded to send you one also. I received your letter of January 14th but the paper from Mr. Arnold did not come to hand but still I am as much obliged to him as though it had and trust that he will send others as they may have better success.","I thought at one time of writing a journal but I can not find the time as although I am usually up at six o'clock and retire to bed at ten and eleven still the day is not long enough. The morning hours I occupy in studies \u0026 business and the evening in a similar manner but generally taking a walk after dinner and sometimes a ride on the Passeo or elsewhere in the evening. The Passeo is a wide road on the south west of the city and about a half of a mile in length with a beautiful fountain in the center and is a place of fashionable resort. Families of wealth appear there in the carriages at sunset partly if not entirely for show. There is also a place of morning resort between the city and the Passeo called the Almeda which is a beautiful grove of about four hundred by six hundred yards and containing I think eight fountains. At the central one is celebrated the anniversary of Mexican independence and from this which is the largest beautiful walks diverge to the different outlets (the grove being surrounded by a wall). I purpose on riding to both these places this evening hoping to see something there more attractive than at home. When not on duty I generally pay a visit after supper or tea. Among those families which I visit are some of the first in the republic as Don Lucas Aleman Martinez del Rio and I also have the acquaintance of others of some distinction.","My studies are now principally directed to the formation of my manners and the rules of society and a more thorough knowledge of human nature and the latter I perceive from your letter meets with your approbation and I doubt not but that the former two objects will also as they are very important to a man's success in life. You will pardon me for the mistake I have made in turning the leaves of this sheet. But returning to my subject this country offers me greater advantages for acquiring graces than I will probably ever meet with again unless I should visit Europe. The book which I am studying is Lord Chesterfield's letters to his son translated into Spanish so that whilst I am obtaining his thoughts I am also acquiring a knowledge of the Spanish tongue. I have also purchased the work in English and after having read it in Spanish I then purpose on reading it in English. Subsequent to this I shall study Shakespeare's works which I purchased a few days since and then if I can obtain good histories I wish to devote some time to them.","If Uncle Cummins \u0026 Edward should leave Lewis I wish you would get Uncle Edward to box up my books which are in his possession and send them to you. I hope that you will try and write me a letter once a week. I should write more frequently to you if an opportunity offered of sending letters more than twice a month. Owing to my knowledge of the language of the country and the acquaintances which I have made I think that I pass my time more agreeably than the greater portion of the officers of the Army, but if your company could also be had I would spend my hours still more agreeably. My love to all enquiring friends. My health is as good if not better than usual. General Scott's case has been investigated. The charges against Col. Duncan were withdrawn. Also General Worth withdrew his against General Scott. General Pillow's case is now being investigated.","National Palace Mexico. April 10, 1848","Dear Sister \nAs three successive mails have arrived, without bringing a single letter from you, I am (and I think not without reason) uneasy about your health. As I do not know of any other reason but bad health which could have prevented your writing to a brother who is interested in everything that interests you. And I hope that if you have any regard for my peace of mind that you will write at least once every fortnight. If your health forbids your writing at any time, then get someone to write for you, if it should be but a dozen lines. I do not think that a regular mail has left this city, without carrying a letter for you from me.","The treaty has arrived from Washington, with its amendments. Many think that it will receive the ratification of this government. But some think that it will not. For my own part I hope it will. Mr. Sevier I presume will be here in a few days. At last dates from Queretaro there were wanting fifteen congressmen, and three senators to complete the quorum. We have received news here of a battle at [Chiguagua], in which we took fourteen pieces of artillery from the enemy. I am at present studying Humboldt's history of Mexico, in Spanish. The rain is quite abundant here at present and interferes somewhat with my evening visits. It is believed that our presence here is destroying the extreme superstition of this country. But not withstanding the influence of our presence, the natives still with uncovered heads drop on their knees, at the approach of the Archbishop's carriage; which is recognized by its being drawn by two spotted mules.","General Pillow's trial is not yet finished and the general opinion is that it will be terminated in the United States. We are told here that our people at home, think that the army do not wish to return from Mexico, but if such is the truth they are much mistaken. An expedition started a few days since, for [Popocatepitl] which is a volcanic mountain to the S.E. of and in full view of this city, and which still issues clouds of smoke at times. I should probably have gone my self, but as the temperature is so extremely low, resulting from the crest being capped with snow, I feared that my health might suffer.","In conformity with the armistice, the Mexicans have taken possession of their archives, and have resumed the civil administration of their government. Santa Anna at last news, was at his hacienda near Jalapa (Encerro) again bidding adieu to his country. Whilst at his hacienda he received the visits of Colonel Hews, and several other American officers. General Valencia died a few days since in this city, the news of which proved fatal to his daughter, who died a few hours subsequent to its reception. I have heard of no other who mourned his fate. The general hospital is ordered to be moved to Jalapa, and General Patterson I believe will go down at the same time, to take command of the station. This movement appears to indicate an anticipation of leaving the country.","Remember me to Mr. Arnold, Thomas and other friends.","T.J. Jackson","City of Mexico. May 20th 1848","Sir \nThe Secretary of War having informed me by letter of the 20th of April ult. that I have been appointed by the President Assistant Commissary of Subsistence I have the honor to notify you for the information of the war department that I have accepted the appointment.","I am sir very respectfully your obdt. servt.","T.J. Jackson \n1st Lt. 1st Arty Genl. R. Jones \nAdjt. Genl.","Governors Island \nAug 26th 1848","Dear Sister \nFinally I have arrived at this station which is in sight of the city of New York. I have had some hopes of visiting you this fall but I have not been able to arrange my affairs here for that purpose and consequently I can not say when I will be able to visit those of whom I so frequently think and so much desire to be with. I presume that I could get home this winter by making sacrifices which I ought not to make, for instance if I should leave some other officer might be attached during my absence who would rank me in case of his remaining with the company after my return. I do not believe that Capt. Taylor would give his sanction to any officers coming to the company who would rank me, so long as I remain with the company or so long as there are officers enough with it, but my absence might reduce the number of officers so much as to render another officer necessary to the company.","But I am in hopes that next summer I shall be able to see you and if so I purpose on visiting the springs at several places and visiting those parts of Virginia most remarkable such as the Natural Bridge. You will please let me know the distance from Beverly to Staunton, \u0026 the time in which the stage [visits] it, and also the distance from Beverly to the White Sulphur Springs.","As yet I do not know where I will be stationed. I hope that ere this your eyes are perfectly recovered. I am still getting better. I have been brevetted a captain though as yet it is not published. Write frequently to your brother.","\nT.J. Jackson","Carlisle Barracks Penn \nSeptember 5th 1848","Dear Sister \nI had the pleasure of receiving your letter directed to New York but the same day I received orders to attend as a member of a general court martial at this place which is about a hundred miles distant (east) of Pittsburgh {following 17 words are marked out with heavy ink}...in your own house on the 10th of October which is earlier than you even requested. As I have already given you my reasons for not coming this fall it is unnecessary to state that I may make sacrifices in visiting you. But on reading your letter I concluded that I would use my influence to do that which I so much desire to do (to visit you). But as yet, the court has not adjourned, and I have not yet got my leave of absence granted, but Capt. Taylor told me that he would not only approve of it, but recommend it, but before I can get it, I must obtain the permission of the Colonel of my Regt. and of the Secretary of War. But should I not arrive by the time specified, do not have anxiety about it. If it be unsuccessful the fault shall not be mine.","There are many very interesting ladies here, and there has been almost a soiree every day since my arrival, and at which I have enjoyed myself well. When I obtain my leave, should I get it, you must not expect me to stay with you more than a month. And I hope that your health will be much improved by that time. You need not write to me, until you receive another letter from me, as I cannot say where I may be any coming day. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, your family, and my other friends. My health I think, is still improving.","Your brother \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor. Jany 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI suppose that you begin to think it time, that I should write, but I am not certain that my physician agrees with you about that as he has been cautioning me about confining my mind too much. But at all events, I shall venture to say, that I am still living, and with the blessings of God, hope to live, for some years to come. My physician has pronounced my lungs and liver sound, and that the liver has only been sympathetically affected.","I saw about that claim of [Warren's], and it is worth nothing, the Sheriff having failed to make his certificate. Whilst in Richmond, I called on Mr. Carlisle, and was received by him, in a very cordial manner, and during my stay there, he allowed no opportunity to pass unimproved, in which he could manifest his kindness. The night after I left your house I passed out at the head of the Valley river, and the next morning was in about 17 miles of Huntersville. But not withstanding I reached the Hot Springs too late for the Wednesday's stage, and consequently had to wait until Friday.","I am as you have observed at Fort Hamilton, which is on Long Island about ten miles below the city of New York, and on the east bank of the Hudson River. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the children \u0026 c.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton. Feby 1st 1849","Dear Sister \nI have more than once thought of your request to write to you and give you the fashions, but such would be a difficult thing for me to do as I do not know even so much as the name of the different parts of a ladies apparel. I in the matter of dress agree perfectly with the Parisians (who not only give the fashions for New York City, but for the civilized world) that a person ought to adopt such a style of dress as is most becoming the particular individual and not that which is adopted by the greater portion of mankind, unless it should be at least reasonably suited to your complexion, height, figure \u0026.","I have begun my historical studies having read about one fourth of Ro[bi]ns Ancient History. If Mr. Arnold can prevail on the wagoner who may bring my books to Cumberland, to put the box in the office of Adams \u0026 Co. who have an office in Cumberland, and a train of cars running from there to New York, he will secure them to me more effectually than in any other way. Let the man take a receipt for them, and forward it to me at this place. The box should be marked as follows: Captain T.J. Jackson, care of the Quartermaster in New York City, N.Y. The manner in which the company do business, is to give a receipt when any thing is delivered at the office and then to turn over the article when the receipt is presented, and if the article should get lost to pay the owner for it.","The cholera has entirely disappeared from this place (Quarantine). The weather is quite disagreeable. I caught the rheumatism in your salubrious mountain air, which is harassing me no little. I am gaining strength and flesh. If Mr. Gibson will write to Captain Arnold, who is at Fort Monroe Va I am of the opinion, that he will get some information in relation to the ammunition which was charged to his brother, as he was a lieutenant in Arnold's Company. I am well fixed here, having my rooms both carpeted and decently furnished. Remember me to Mr. Arnold, the family, Aunt White, Uncle, and our other relatives.","Your brother\nT.J. Jackson","P.S. The gold fever is running very high here. I have conversed with Mr. Lo[e]ser, an officer of the Army from California, who says that a person can gather on an average about seventy five dollars per day, and that the climate is most delightful, the thermometer standing at from 60 to 70 degrees. As you may not know much about Thermometers, it may not be amiss for me to state, that the higher the thermometer stands, the warmer the weather is. Fahrenheit's thermometer which is the one commonly used in this country and the one referred to above, stands at 32 degrees when water freezes, at 55 degrees the air is temperate, at 75 degrees the air is at summer heat, at 95 degrees the air is at blood heat, and at 212 degrees the air would be at the temperature of boiling water. From the foregoing you observe that the climate referred to must be charming.","\nT.J.J.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor April 27th 1849","Dear Sister \nOwing to a desire to secure some catalogs for Mr. Arnold, I have not written earlier. Yesterday, I went to Harper and Brothers Book store; but he had none on hand; but said that he would have in a few days. I obtained one from Appleton's Book establishment and shall forward it by the same mail as this letter. It do not contain all his books, when I shall have obtained one from Harper, I shall also forward it. And if Mr. Arnold shall want any books that may not be found in either of them, let me know what ones they are, and I believe that I can find it in some part of the city.","Your request had not yet been complied with, but I rely on your generosity of character; as my strength has forbid much exercise, and especially walking on the hard pavements of N.Y. city. But I am improving in both flesh and strength and I hope in health also. I am now under the care of one of the first medical men of N.Y. city. I have lately commenced visiting more frequently, and every few evenings receive an invitation to some social party. Yesterday whilst walking through the city, I thought of the pleasure which I would derive from sharing the contemplations of its beauties and wonders with you. Naturally I recalled to mind, and applied to N.Y. what the Frenchman asserted of Paris, when he said that when a man had seen Paris, that he had seen all the world.","In New York may be found all most anything which the inclinations may desire; but peaceful quiet: every thing is in motion, every thing is alive with animation. In its busy throng, none feel the long tedious hour; even the invalid for the time forgets his infirmities, and with wondering admiration contemplates the surrounding scene.","Frequently you are the subject of my thoughts, and if you were only within reach of rapid communication would receive more frequent visits. The weather is moderating here.","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, June 12th/49","Dear Sister, \nDoubtless you are expecting an answer to your last, and in truth, not without reason; as I have not written for more than two months. But my silence has not originated from your not replying to my former letters, but is due to other causes, such as weak eyes and pressure of business, as I have to discharge the duties of Quartermaster \u0026 Commissary in addition to my other company duties, and from such causes I have now a number of unanswered letters on hand.","I wish when practicable to write to you once every month, and I do not wish you to reply unless your eyes will admit of it without pain, because I prefer that your health should be preserved to any other Earthly consideration, and I hope that you will not strain your eyes on any account whatever. We can not appreciate our blessings unless deprived of them. My health is improving.","I forward to Mr. Arnold a catalogue of Harper's publications. If there is anything in it which he wishes, I hope that he will not fail to let me know. When you get possession of my books, I wish that you would retain them until I see you, or write relative to them.","I have not subscribed for Graham's magazine, but will do so if you desire. I merely sent a copy in order to see how you would like it. I hope to send you a copy or number(?) of the Lady's Book which some prefer to Graham's, though I can not say which is best, but when you shall have received it, you can judge for yourself.","I have received my commission as Brevet Major, and am gratified that you had an opportunity of doing Judge Lee a favor.","I sent a fifty dollar bank draft to Sylvanus White, with a request that he would pay Miss Caroline Norris a small sum, I think 2.50, 3.00 or 3.50 cts, which she let me have for the purpose of making a small purchase, which I did not make; and as I have heard nothing of him  since, and as some months have elapsed, I fear that something may be wrong. I wish that you would ask Miss Eliza Norris about it, and if Sylvanus has not settled it, I wish that you would. If at any time, you should not receive an expected letter, try and make yourself easy, as in case of any accident happening to me, I have friends who would not fail to give the necessary information.","The Cholera in the city is on the decline. I have no dread of it as I believe that those who keep their system in a healthy state have but little to fear.","Your sincere brother \nThomas","Fort Hamilton, N.Y. Harbor, Monday, July 2/49","My Dear Sister, \nThe morning duties ended, and through the blessings of that all Ruling Being, I'm allowed the privilege and pleasure communing with you. I received some days since, a letter from John White informing me of your visit to him and of the news of his vicinity, but which it is not necessary to mention as I presume that all is probably already known to you. I was gratified to learn that Uncle C.E. had been released from the [illegible], and had left Lewis for a more congenial clime. I also received a letter from cousin Elizabeth [Griss], informing me of the marriage of cousin Indas (her sister), of her own recovered health and of the prospects of her promising brothers Ben and William. She also stated that the health of Aunt and Uncle Williams was good. But she had not heard from you, since my visit. If your eyes should become so, as to allow of your writing without pain, then try and drop her a note for truly she is one of your friends. But I hope that you will not strain your eyes for the purpose of writing to anyone. You can at least send her your card and an occasional messages by some of the Lawyers.","I feel much concern about your eyes, for I fear you will strain them. Remember that the best physicians are opposed to straining that important organ and when it fails or begins to fail naturally that they recommend spectacles. But this should be the last resort, and should only be used when necessary : for instance, some persons can walk about, out of doors and in doors without the light hurting their eyes: but must use this auxiliary in reading. The great objection to spectacles is that when their use is once commenced, it must be generally continued through life. A person when selecting a pair should select the lowest number, which will answer the proposed end and then as circumstances require, increase it. But I would advise you not to use them as long as you can do without them (at the same time avoiding pain).","My eyes were so weak some months since that I could not look long at objects through the window and to look out of doors was frequently painful, though but for a moment, and I was reduced to the necessity of masking my looking glass on account of its reflection, and I could not look at a candle, not even for a second, without pain. I consulted my physician and he told me not to use them, and at the same time to avoid spectacles. I did so and at present can read a letter of three or four pages without feeling any inconvenience of consequence. My health is improving and my strength adhered to my wholesome diet, of stale bread and plainly dressed meat (having nothing on it but salt), that I prefer it now to almost anything else. The other evening, I tasted a piece of bread with butter on it and then the bread without it, and rather gave my preference to the unbuttered bread; and hence I may never taste any more of this once much relished seasoning. And I think if you would adopt for your breakfast a cup of moderately strong black tea, stale wheat bread (wheat bread, raised and not less that 24 hours old) fresh meat, broiled or roasted is best, the yolk of one or two eggs (the white is hardly worth eating as it requires digestion and affords but little nutrition). For dinner the same kind of bread \u0026 meat, one vegetable only, say peas, beans or this years potatoes, and for drink plain water. For tea, the same kind of bread and drink as for breakfast and nothing else, unless you choose a little butter. The great beauty of the foregoing is that it furnishes all the nutrition which food can give and at the same time does not interfere in the digestive process like other substances such as salt meats, cabbage, lettuce, desert (such as pies, preserves, nuts, and all kinds of sweetmeats). Of what I have recommended, you can eat as much as your appetite craves, provided that you take regular meals, and plenty of exercise, say not less than three hours per day. I presume that your daily duties require you to be moving probably that much. Salt meats may be eaten, but fresh is preferable, and I regard green tea \u0026 coffee so injurious to the nerves that you should always prefer water to either. Now if you can make up your mind to adopt the foregoing for one year, I think that you will probably never wish to change it, and that after using such a diet for two or three months that you may experience marked advantage from it, but you must bear in mind that your meals must be at fixed hours. If you arise at seven five or six O'clock and go to bed at nine or ten, then seven would be a good hour for breakfast, one for dinner and seven for tea. And you ought to always retire to bed before eleven. If you should conclude to adopt the forgoing, do not taste other things of which you are fond: unless it be fruits and those should be ripe. I think that a small quantity of fruit eaten when ripe and in the fore part of the day, is advantageous. You should try and forget that you are infirm and pay no attention to your symptoms as most any person can by being too attentive to every little pain.","Remember that good wholesome food taken at proper times is one of the best of medicines. I shall have hopes of your improvement when you have resolved to taste nothing of which you are fond, except such things as I have mentioned. If you commence on this diet, remember that it is like a man joining the temperance society; if he afterwards tastes liquor, he is gone. T.J. Jackson","Fort Hamilton April 1st 1850","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came to safe to hand, and with pleasure its contents were read. During the past month, our stables were burned. All the horses were saved, though mine, with some others, were injured a little. The damage was near four thousand dollars.","I regret to say that circumstances will prevent my return home this summer, but on the 1st of October, I expect to be ordered to Fort Washington, opposite Mount Vernon, where I expect to get a leave, and visit you during some portion of that month.","My health continues to improve. My muscles have become quite solid. My exercises are of a violent character, when the chill blain {chilblain} on my feet do not prevent it. I hope that Little Ann has entirely recovered.","When I make my proposed visit, I shall endeavor to take with me such things as your letter has specified, provided that they are attainable. Some of them may be difficult to get. My past winter has been much more pleasant than the preceding. The weather here is at present delightful; but in a few days it may be the reverse as it is much influenced here on the Sea Board, by the direction of the winds.","On Thursday last, I, in company with 18 others had a grand sleigh ride, it was the best snow of the season, but in 24 hours, there was hardly a trace of it to be found.","Sincerely your Brother \nThomas P.S. Remember me to Mr. A. and family.","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor \nApril 24, 1850","My Dear Uncle, \nI have with pleasure received, and read your very kind letter, but it was a pleasure mingled with pain at seeing those passages, which spoke of the death of friends and relatives. Though the rumor of uncle Cummins' death may be true, yet I cannot believe it without further evidence. I shall write to California and try to ascertain. I hope that no decree will be obtained for settling his property, but should such authority be obtained, then will not some of his friends who have means come forward and prevent its sacrifice. Certainly if he has a friend, now it the time for its manifestation. You spoke of my giving assistance, but my pecuniary affairs are so arranged that I have not ten dollars in cash which I can call my own.","There is no man on Earth, whom I would befriend sooner than Uncle Cummins. Let me know who have betrayed him and in what he has been betrayed, give me a full history of names and facts as soon as possible; and strain every nerve to prevent the granting of the decree. I expect to return home in the Fall, when I will see what can be done; though I fear that I will not be able to do any thing, but I can not tell what good luck I may meet with by that time.","I believe that I will leave my horse in the possession of McLean until then. I am in much better health then when we parted and hope through the blessings of a kind Providence soon to be restored to perfect health. I have not received a single line from California. I have a delightful station and hope to pass a pleasant Summer.","Remember me kindly to Aunt and other relatives and friends. \nYour nephew \nT.J. Jackson","Plattsburg Barracks N.Y. \nMay 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou observe that I am now on the border of Canada, it is for the purpose of trying some prisoners.","My health is still improving and in a short time I expect to return home to Fort Hamilton. In coming to this place I have passed some charming scenery. This place is on the Western bank of Lake Champlain. I should like very much to visit Montreal and Quebec before returning South, but want of time and money will prevent it. On my way here I saw the old Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point. And in front of this Garrison, was fought the great Naval action of the late war.","Remember me kindly to Mr. A and Family. \nYour brother Thomas","Fort Hamilton N.Y. \nMay 20th 1850","Sir, \nI herewith enclose an Invoice of Public Property, directed to your address, and turned over this day to Genl. H. Whiting, Asst. Qtr.Mstr. Genl.,for transportation.","I am Sir, \nVery Respectfully, \nYour obedient servt. \nT.J. Jackson\n1st Lt. \u0026 Bvt.Maj. 1st Arty. \nA. A. Qtr.Mstr.","To S. Lansing Jr. Esq. \nMil. Storekeeper \nU.S. Arsenal Watervliet Troy","Fort Hamilton N.Y. Harbor","My Dear Sister, \nI have received yours and in reply, can say that my health is still improving. Your requests shall be attended to, but it will be necessary to wait until my arrival; as I know of no safe mode of conveyance. You speak of your fruit and flowers. I cannot indulge in the luxury of the former, but of the latter, I take great interest and I hope that you may always cultivate them. It shows a refined taste to abound in admiration for the beautiful, and it has the additional advantage of endearing children to their home. With pleasure they must through different periods of their lives look back to their garden filled with beautiful flowers. And when they see the same flowers, even in distant countries, how vividly will it recall to mind their home, their Mother, Father, brothers, sisters, and all their early associations. ","I will not get home this summer, but have some hopes of coming in October, but I can not say what the result will be. How can I get through those mountains during the Winter season.","I wish that I could come and spend the entire winter with you, but such I fear will be impractical. Do not make any calculations, but expect me when circumstances will best admit of my taking a leave. I have recently received a letter from uncle John White and Aunt Catherine. The family is well, uncle Jack and Aunt Nancy are dead.","Uncle had recently received a letter from our cousins in California and they say that Uncle Cummins is undoubtedly dead. This is news which goes to my heart, uncle was a father to me.","I want to bring Thomas a good violin, if neither you nor Mr. A. has any objection to his learning to play on one. Remember me kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Fort Ontario N.Y. \nAug 10th 1850","My Dear Sister, \nYou are probably surprised at hearing from me so frequently at different points as a member of Courts Martial. I am now about twelve hours from Niagara Falls, and consequently intend visiting them before returning home. I will leave here in the evening and be at the Falls next morning.","The Court will probably remain in session for several days.","Fort Ontario is situated on the lake of the same name and in view of the city of Oswego.","If circumstances permit me to return home to Va. this coming fall, how can I get to your town most conveniently from Washington City. My health is still improving, but is as yet so delicate as to render much regularity necessary, and it is probable that I am more particular in my rules that any person of your acquaintance.","I fear that I will be much exposed in crossing the mountains, unless there is a stage line through from Eastern Virginia. When you write, let me know what kind of flowers, plants, \u0026 are in your garden and what kind you would like for me to bring. I expect that I can obtain almost every description in New York.","I am to commence staying at a water cure establishment this evening where I expect to remain during my stay here. I have great faith in them for such infirmities as mine. I have been for some months adopting it to a certain extent, and with advantage.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and the family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","West Point N.Y. \nSept. 3rd 1850","My Dear Sister, \nI am again at my first Military station, and a very pleasant visit it is. Here I see objects which recall many pleasant \u0026 agreeable associations of my youth, but it is my lot to meet but few of my comrades of those bygone days. All other things are visible, though changed. One of my former Barracks is torn down and another constructed. But among the existing and unaltered objects are the garden of Kosciuszko, his monument, Fort Putnam, in which Andre was confined and from which Arnold escaped after his unsuccessful attempt to sell his command. Here too is the Plain, the Military works and above all, its grand and lofty mountains. I am on a Genl. C. Martial, which will soon adjourn.","I have been quite unwell and had it not have been for my judicious application of water, I can not say what would have been the consequence.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family.","Your brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Fort Meade, Fla. \nFeb. 25th 1851","Dear Sir, \nI have just received your communication of the 4th inst. containing the kind proposition of bringing my name before the Board of Visitors of the V. M. Institute as a candidate for the Professorship of Nat. \u0026 Exp. Phil.","Though strong ties bind me to the Army, yet I can not consent to decline so flattering an offer. Please present my name to the Board and accept my thanks for your kindness.","I am sir, \nVery Respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Fort Meade Fla. \nApril 2nd 1851","My Dear Sister, \nYour affectionate letter has been received, and read with much pleasure. I should think from the character of them, (the last few) that your health has improved very much; although you do not say so in so many words.","I have hopes of being able to live near you for a while. I received a letter from Col. Smith, the Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, in which he kindly offers to present my name to the Board of Visitors in June next, as a candidate for the Professorship in Natural and Experimental Philosophy in the Institute. I have accepted his offer; but am unable to say whether I shall be elected. If I knew who would compose the Board, then I could form a better idea. If I have a few friends on it, my chance will probably be good. I consider the situation both conspicuous and desirable. I will be in about 150 or 160 miles from you, will have quarters, and receive twelve hundred dollars per year. Philosophy is my favorite subject. I hope through the blessings of Providence to succeed in securing the Post.","I have heard that the Hon. Joseph Johnson is to be our Governor. Is it Joseph Johnson of Harrison? if so I am much pleased, as he had befriended me on more than one occasion.","I believe that John Stringer will probably be on the Board of Visitors in June next. This information I received by yesterdays mail. Where does he live? I see that Mr. Carlisle has been making two speeches in the convention. I look upon him as one of the promising sons of Virginia. I hope before long to see him in Congress. I am much pleased at seeing cousin Wm. J. Jackson also in the Convention. Indeed I have some hopes that our ancient reputation may be revived.","I might have sent this letter sooner, but I designedly delayed it for to see if yesterday's mail (6th of April) would not enable me to give you some good news, but I did not receive the information which I was waiting for, but in my next I hope to be in possession of agreeable tidings for you, but I am not over sanguine.","I received a few days since, a very kind, and well-wishing letter from Genl. John J. Jackson. When I visit you, I want also to visit him. I find that I have many friends, indeed I have found that all to whom I apply for assistance are ready to give me a helping hand. The generals letter was particularly gratifying to me.","I shall not attempt a Theological discussion with you a present, hoping to see you during the present year, when I hope that you will have all of your questions and ideas prepared for the investigation of your brother.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., to Aunt White, to Uncle, Cousin John, Uncle Stalnaker and Col. Goff and other friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Fort Meade Florida \nApril 22nd 1851","Col. \nYour letter of the 28th inst. informing me that I have been elected Prof. of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics, in the Virginia Military Institute, has been received.","The high honor, conferred by the Board of Visitors, in selecting me, unanimously, to fill such a Professorship, gratified me exceedingly.","I hope to be able to meet the Board on the 25th of June next, but fear that circumstances, over which I have no control, will prevent my doing do before that time. For your kindness in endeavoring to procure me a leave of absence for six months, as well as for the interest you have otherwise manifested in my behalf, I feel under strong and lasting obligations.","Should I desire a furlough of more than than one month commencing on the 1st of July next, it would be for the purpose of visiting Europe.","I regret that recent illness has prevented my giving you an earlier answer.","Any communication which you may have to make previous to the 1st of June, please direct to this place.","I am Col. \nVery respectfully \nYour Obt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, VA \nAugust 20th 1851","My Dear Sister \nI am much pleased with my situation. I have commenced my military duties and am reviewing on of my text books. My health has much improved since you heard me say good by.","I sent you a pamphlet a few days since, it was by the request of my old Physician with whom I was residing in the North. He appeared to take a deep interest in me and to be interested in those who were interested in your brother. From him I have learned many important truths concerning health. His names is Lowry Barney. I felt home sick at bidding adieu to his estimable family. Mrs. B. said that I did not appear like a stranger but like a relative, they were more kind than I could have desired.","From my present room which is in the 2d story of the Lexington Hotel. I have a lovely view of Mountain scenery. Lexington is the most beautiful place that I remember of having ever seen when taken in connection with the surrounding country.","I expect to go to the Springs next month with the Corps of Cadets. We shall leave about the 8th and return about the 25th, about the 13th we will arrive at the White Sulphur.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family and to my friends and relatives. I suppose that you had a fine mental feast on Miss B's notes. I designed burning them. Please save me the trouble by doing me the favor","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 8th 1851","My Dear Sister, \nI have had the pleasure of receiving your letter and the articles which you sent to me.","I have seen Mr. Cowen and requested him to call on you, and have made a similar request of Mr. Henderson, whom I esteem very highly. He is the brother-in-law of Col. Smith. I am much obliged for the articles. An opportunity will hardly be afforded for visiting you this winter. I have received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale: She as well as our other relatives are well.","The academic duties commenced on yesterday week.","My health has through the blessings of Providence been so much improved to enable me to enter on my duties, with which I am delighted.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and family, and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","And say to Mr. A. that I hope to be able by his assistance to get some fine fossil specimens from his farm when I next visit Beverly. I remember of having seen some beautiful specimens of shells, near the bridge about Mrs. Bakers. These he showed me in 1848.","Your brother \nThomas ","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. Jany. 16th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has like every other good, brought with it pain. But I hope that your health will again return among the blessings of Providence to brighten the remainder of your days as well as those of mine.","I have been desirous of writing at an earlier day; but our examination and other duties have prevented my doing so, and even now this pleasing task is performed during the height of the examination. It could be delayed no longer without a degree of pain, which your brother is unwilling to experience on this subject. This trying ordeal will close about Thursday next.","I hope that you will look back if you through your past life and see if you can not find some cause for your afflictions.","Now my dear sister. You are aware that I am troubled about your hopes in relation to the endless futurity. The best plan that I can  conceive for an unbeliever in God, as presented to us in the Bible, is to first consider things in reference merely to expediency. Now considering the subject with reference to expediency only, let us examine whether it is safer to be a Christian or an Infidel. Suppose two persons, one a Christian and the other an infidel, to be closing their earthly existences and suppose that the infidel is right and the Christian is wrong, they will then after death be upon an equality. But instead of the infidel being right, suppose him to be wrong and the Christian right, then will the state of the latter after death be inestimably superior to that of the other. And if you will examine the history of mankind it will be plain that Christianity contributes much more to happiness in this life, than that of infidelity. Now having briefly glanced at this subject, to what decision are we forced on the mere ground of expediency, certainly it is to the adoption of Christianity.","Having made our selection of Christianity, the next point is to consider whether we can believe the teachings of the Sacred volume; if so, then its adoption should of necessity follow. I have examined the subject maturely, and the evidence is very conclusive, and if we do not receive the Bible as being authentic and creditable, we must reject every other ancient work; as there is no other in favor of which, so much evidence can be adduced. Oh Sister! do pray to God for his mercy, and eternal life through our Redeemer Jesus Christ.","I have not yet been able to procure the peaches of which I spoke in my former letter. Cousin Harriet has returned from her visit to Point Pleasant, which was to her very pleasant. Uncle Minor Neale's daughter has returned home, with her grand-father who came north for her. Talk to Thomas \u0026 Grace for me and tell them that their uncle is very much obliged to them and that they must continue to be good children, and do what their mother and father may require of them.","Remember me very kindly to all inquiring friends and Relatives.","I should be much pleased to see a literary institution in Beverly; but I cannot see how to be serviceable to it. If you will state in your next what I would have to do as agent I would be enabled to give a more definite answer.","Your brother, \nThomas ","Va. Mil. Institute \nLexington Va. Feby. 7 1852","My Dear Sister, \nThough much pressed with business and far behind in my correspondence, I can not defer any longer a letter to you. Our examination has closed and academic duties have been resumed.","Next week I hope to take up the subject of Optics. The approaching summer is looked forward to by me with no small degree of interest, as our vacation will commence after the 4th of July.","Your health I hope is completely restored before this time: mine is still delicate. When did you last hear from Parkersburg and how are our relatives and friends? Do you see anything of John White's family. The weather had been extremely cold, but at present it is lovely.","I have not heard from you in weeks upon weeks. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 21st 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter including that of our cousin, has been received, and with no small regret do I consider your past afflictions, but we are all the children of suffering sorrow in this world. Whilst it has many pleasures, it is not, nor will not be divested of its cares. Amid affliction, let us hope for happiness. But divest us of hope and how miserable would we be! It has never forsaken me, nor in my humble opinion, never will. However dark the night, I am cheered with an anticipated glorious and luminous morrow. May such ever be your happy lot. No earthly calamity can shake my hope in the future, so long as God is my friend, and on this subject I expect to have a long conversation with you next summer. I feel ashamed of not having written to you earlier, but even now I am debtor a number of letters in other quarters, which in time, have the preference, but my conscience will not be troubled at this species of fraud.","I am glad that cousin stopped with you. I received a letter from cousin Sylvanus White recently in which he states that his location is in Missouri, but for the future, he can not say to what quarter his steps will be directed.","My health has improved. What do you propose doing next summer during my visit. I suppose that plans you have in abundance. How is the family: give my regards to all individually. Tell Thomas that I should like to have him with me sometimes very much \u0026 that he must be at home the next time that I visit him. Remember me to all inquiring friends and relatives. How is Cousin John White and Aunt White.","Your Brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute Lexington, Va. \nApril 10th 1852","My Dear Sister \nI have nothing which can call for a letter from me at this time except the pleasure of writing to you and to say a word in reference to your mentioned garden seeds, \u0026 c. Tell me the precise kinds of seeds which are desirable and if you can the mode of conveyance for them to Beverly. I might possibly procure some grafts of apricots \u0026 [illegible] if they could only be sent to you.","I sent for my box sometime since, but have not yet obtained possession of it. This is a beautiful day, though the preceding few have been cold and have injured the fruit prospects, particularly the apricots and other early fruit. The plank road from Staunton to Buckhannon, which latter place is about 25 miles distant from here is now under construction, through our town. The stage travels about one third faster on it than on the dirt road.","I am anxiously looking forward to July.","When did you last hear from Cousin Margaret. She appears to have dropped me as a correspondent. I certainly gave her ostensible reason for so doing by not answering her letter more promptly. But this was occasioned by the pressure of other things.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A., the family \u0026 to all enquiring friends and relations.","Tell Thomas and Grace I am not going to allow them to see their Aunt Nancy until they both offer to love me more than her. Tell them that their Aunt does not care about them half as much as I do.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va. May 1st 1852","My Dear Doctor, \nYour interesting letter has been received and perused with much pleasure. But my matrimonial success as you are ere this probably aware of was a hoax. I suppose that some interested friend thought that I ought to be married and that it would be well to remind me of my duty before efforts would be too late. Frequently your intended, is to be seen with all her prepossessing fascinations. Why do you not come on? Certainly you will be here on the 4th. The weather here is at present beautiful, though for months it has been unseasonably cold.","How are you pleased with Philadelphia? What are Penrose's prospects for distinction in his profession. Of all the cities in this Union, that of the Quakers has my preference. Its public squares, magnificent edifices, it's water works \u0026 c, including that universal task which strikes the eye at all its points, must make it very interesting to all, who are only consulting pleasure.","Trueheart is now in Washington city, engaged in the Coast Survey. There is only one assistant here at present (Stewart). Our appropriation bill has not yet been acted on by the Legislature.","Judge Baldwin is not expected to recover from his recent attack. Judge Brockenbrough will probably be a candidate in place of Judge Baldwin for the Court of Appeals.","Prof. Calhoun of Washington College will leave this coming summer; his successor is so far unknown. Every thing is quiet at present in the Institute and I hope will ever continue so.","There is to be strong [stage] opposition through here this season. Let me here from you whenever a spare moment will permit.","Your sincere friend, \nT. J. Jackson","[On verso; not in Jackson's hand]","Resolved that it is with feelings of the most profound regret that we have heard the announcement of the decease of our fellow student \u0026 associate Dr. [illegible] Weir; whose gentlemanly bearing \u0026 Christian deportment has served not only to endear him to all with whom he came in contact but to render him an ornament and honour to the noble profession of which he was so faithful a votary. Resolved that we do sympathize most sincerely with the bereaved relatives \u0026 friends of his House upon whom this dispensation of Providence has fallen so unexpectedly \u0026 painfully.","Resolved that from respect to his memory we will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days.","Resolved that a copy of the proceedings of this meeting signed by the Secy. \u0026 Pres. be forwarded to the family of the deceased \u0026 that the same be published in the Richmond \u0026 Alexandria papers.","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. May 14, 1852","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter had been received; but you do not give me definite instructions about garden seed, grafts etc. But I should think that it would be useless to get any for you unless they are such as I can convey in person for you may judge of the difficulty of getting anything from Lexington to Beverly from the fact that though I have used effort upon effort to procure the box which you sent to me and have told the stage driver to spare no expense in procuring it, yet from his negligence or from some other cause it has not yet come to hand.","I wish that you would either get Miss H. to take it back to Beverly on her return, or else send a servant with it to the stage office at Staunton and have it sent to me put on the way bill and directed to me at Lexington, Va. to the care of E. Porter.","I have recently received a letter from Cousin Margaret Neale, which states that she is engaged in teaching a school and that all our relations are well and that Cousin Lizzie Neale, daughter of Uncle Minor is on a visit and that she will probably remain North all summer.","I hope that by this time your health is entirely restored. Though my manner of living is very abstemious, yet health has not returned with all its blessings. Yet I am much better than when I last bid you good bye.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. \u0026 family. Tell Thomas and Grace that their aunt does not say a single word about either of them.","The weather had been very pleasant for the past few days, though the present one is not remarkably agreeable as a part of the time is sunshine and a part rainy and the balance is a mixture of both. In Beverly there is probably snow to be seen even this  late in May.","This evening we are to be favored with a vocal concert. I wish that you could accompany me. I believe that as yet you had not been informed of my daily exercise. I have to walk about a mile and a half for each meal: 3/4 to and 3/4 from it. And in the morning I usually walk about a mile and a half before breakfast and in the afternoon about two miles or more before tea.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. June 5th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter has come safe to hand but I regret that your health is not yet restored though improved at present, let us hope to see the day when you will again enjoy that greatest of earthly blessings in perfection. Do not begin to look for me until the latter half of July. I may be with you in the first part but I can not speak definitely at present.","My box has not yet arrived, but I have spoken to a friend whose family lives in Staunton to endeavor to have his family to forward it. I shall try to get some grafts to take with me.","Is it a fur hat which I am to get for Thomas, if so it would be desirable to have the measure of his head.","The weather is quite cool here this morning though for sometime back it has been very warm.","The people are beginning to visit the Alum Springs.","I wish that you could see our Institute for I consider that it is the most tasty edifice in the state. We have had green peas for sometime and the strawberries are I believe beginning to disappear. But the cherries are just coming in season.","Beverly must be cold enough for all practicable purposes even at this late period. I am enjoying myself more than I have done for some years; but still my health requires much care and rigid regard to diet.","I hope that the news may be true that Uncle Cummins has returned; to meet him will be a proud day in my life. He has certainly been a good friend to me. Have you heard anything from cousin E.J. Jackson.","A bill has recently passed out state Legislature which appropriates 30,000 dollars for the purpose of completing our Barracks. We expect during the coming session to have about 18 or 20 more cadets that at any previous one and when the buildings shall be completed the accommodations will admit of upwards of 200. This past year we had to refuse admission to a large number. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A \u0026 family \u0026 to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother \nThomas \nP.S. I hope that you will not make any calculations as to the manner of passing the present summer until after my arrival at Beverly. T. ","Alum Springs Rockbridge Cty\nJuly 12 1852","I arrived here yesterday in as good health as usual and am delighted with the waters so far. The Springs are crowded there being about four hundred visitors and the accommodations being only adequate for 275 or 300. I succeeded in procuring 1/2 a bed; there being one room for four occupants. In a few days I hope to be better off. Though we have but two beds to 4 persons in my quarters; yet the beds are good, and the servants, and proprietors, and the their assistants are attentive.","Boarding is 10 dollars per week. This water I consider is the water of waters. This place is more crowded than any other in the mountains and I have not heard of a single person who is dissatisfied though my enquiries have been many.","My appetite and digestion have already improved and I indulge rather freely. My dinner was principally bread (which was rather fresh), potatoes and green corn which is by no means digestible. My supper rich corn bread \u0026 the same for breakfast (using butter freely at each meal)","Remember me very kindly to all enquiring Relatives and friends. Your brother, Thomas","This establishment was sold a few days since for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. \nT.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nSept 7th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nA line from you has not even come to hand yet. I hope that this is not a result of ill health. An improvement of health began to reward me for my visit to the Alum Springs, within as I believe less than 24 hours after my arrival there. I remained at the Springs for three weeks and then left with regret.","The checks have not yet come to hand, has the letter containing them been received by you. Our duties at the Institute have been resumed, and things omen well.","I have for months back admired Lexington, but now for the first time have truly and fully appreciated it. Of all the places which have come under my observation in the U. States, this little village is the most beautiful.","In a few days I hope to write a letter to cousin Harriet Murdoc and I shall urge her to leave home next year. She is a lovely lady and if she were not my cousin I might ardently desire her to be my wife. She is so estimable: I feel proud of her as a cousin. I enjoyed myself very much at the springs and would have been delighted to have had her with me.","I wrote to Richard Camden and to Dr. Bland requesting them to join me at the Alum but have heard nothing from either of them.","I hope that the baby has entirely recovered and that your health continues to improve. Remember me very kindly to the family and to all inquiring friends and relatives.","Your brother, Thomas ","Has Cousin Nancy returned home? How is Miss Eliza and Mrs. Hilly? \nT.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 9th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has finally come safely to its place of destination. I felt concerned about your long silence, for fear that your health was bad.","I have found on my return home that the peaches here were not so abundant as I had supposed but the apples are at abundance. Though peaches are not so plentiful as I had supposed, yet I have spoken to a person to secure me two or three bushels and if he fails I will endeavor to secure them by sending to Lynchburg, which is near forty miles and through that section I have been informed that there has been no scarcity. I hope that by this time the baby is entirely well and that health and prosperity are among the number of your domestic blessings.","My health has been much improved by visiting the Alum Springs. I have been and am still using the water, but its effects are not so good as when used at the Springs.","Cousin Harriet has written me a letter which I prize very much, it speaks the purity of her character. I wish that I could be with her during my leisure moments. They would pass so delightfully under her pure and elevating influence.","Cousin Margaret is married, though of this you have probably already been informed. She is the wife of the person to whom I believe you alluded when we were at Parkersburg. Aunt would not consent to her being married at home and she was consequently married at Uncle William Neale's.","The weather here is very warm and the ground is quite dry.","What news have you from the letter containing the drafts. I wish you would let me know as soon as convenient, whether there is any hopes of getting possession of them. Let me hear from you as soon as convenient.","John Gittings is doing very well.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 25th 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter has come safe to hand and I am glad to learn that you are enjoying as many blessings as still fall to your lot. I hope that by the time of the receipt of this that the children will all be in perfect health.","George Lurty has been here for about two weeks. He and Mr. Harrison (son of Wm. Harrison of Clarksburg) design taking a course of law lectures this winter under Judge Brockenbrough.1   George is a young man of very fine mind, and I hope that he will acquit himself with much credit this winter. A young Mr. Stribling from Point Pleasant is also here. He is brother to the Miss S. of whom I presume you have ","1Now, Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, Virginia. heard cousin Harriet Murdoc frequently speak. Cousin Harriet I regard as being one of the sweetest ladies with whom I have ever met. I wish that we could be together frequently. I hope that she will make a visit next summer to this most beautiful of places. How sweet it is to meet with congenial spirits!","I wish that you would forward me the checks by the first mail as I am in need of them. The peaches have not yet come to hand but as soon as they do I will forward them without delay.","I weighed yesterday one hundred and seventy two pounds and a fraction. This is six pounds more than any former weight. My health has much improved and I hope that through the blessings of God, I will ultimately enjoy perfect health. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A and family and to all enquiring friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 11, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has been received with its enclosures, but it had brought sorrow to my heart to learn that you health is unusually delicate. My dear sister, my concern for you is great. This concern is not restricted to you whilst in this world, but it extends into the unending future, and my continual prayer is that you will return into the fold of God. My dear sister, if you will but seek God in the bible conditions he will give you peace and comfort while all the powers on Earth can not de[liver] and the hopes of a coming immor[tality] will make all the ills of life supportable under every circumstance. Your mother prayed for you and I believe that the same may be said of your brother Warren. And can it be that the prayers of them and myself united, will not be heard by \"Our Father in Heaven.\" I fear that you concern yourself too much about the things of this life. ","I expect that you have probably been devoting too much care to the articles which you spoke of forwarding to me. Now do not think any more about me in relation to them, but bear in mind that I have plenty of everything except health and that this has much improved.","I hope that health will return to you with all of its blessings. I have written twice to cousin Harriet since we parted. I do think her one of the sweetest ladies. I wish that I could be in her society more frequently than circumstances will permit.","We have had a lovely fall in this portion of the state. My kindest regards to Mr. Arnold's family, all inquiring friends.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. This morning I fired ten guns from the Battery of Artillery in commemoration of the origin of the Institute. This day, thirteen years it went into operation and it is now in a very flourishing condition, so much so that we cannot accommodate all the applications.","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 11th, 1852","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter has received the perusal of a brother and I hope that though ill health is your present lot, that notwithstanding, you will continue a buoyancy of spirits and not give way to surrounding troubles. I too am a man of trouble, yet let the oppressing load be ever so great it never sinks me beneath its weight.","I trust that this will find you improving if not well. Our session will have its semi-annual examination in the early part of the coming January. When did you last hear from Cousin Harriet Murdoc. A cadet from Point Pleasant tells me that she had been there on a visit, but that she has returned home.","Lexington has been very gay for some time back, owing to the marriage of one of the daughters of the late Governor McDowell. The weather is quite inclement at present.","You must talk to Thomas and Grace for me and tell them that their uncle frequently thinks of them and that he would be very glad to have them with him. But that he does not like bad children and always talk to them for me in such a manner as to make them better. I suppose that you have heard of Cousin Margaret Neale's marriage.","I am very busy this winter with studying and hearing recitations, having not only to prepare on Natural Philosophy and Artillery, but to be in the section room three and four hours per day additional. My spare time is given to reading and to other sources of improvement.","Your brother, \nThomas","Va. Military Institute \nLexington, Va. \nFebruary 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that ere this your health has improved and that the returning spring will reanimate your feelings, and suggest the idea that it is but the symbol of the endless beauties and enjoyments of the world to come. The passage of Scripture from which I have derived sufficient support whenever applied is in the following words \"acknowledge God in all thy ways and he shall direct thy paths.\" What a comfort is this!","My Dear Sister, it is useless for men to tell me that there is no God, and that his benign influence is not to be experienced in prayer, when it is offered in conformity to the Bible. For some time past, not a single day has passed by without my feeling his hallowing presence whilst at my morning prayers. I endeavor to live in accordance with the above passage which means as I understand it, in all thy ways acknowledge God and he shall take care of you in all respects.","What better protector can we desire that one who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent and who hath promised that he will take care of us in all things, and in addition to all this the pledge coming from One who cannot lie.","Our weather here has been quite cold for sometime back, but at present it is very beautiful; too much so to be of long duration I fear. Persons I believe have generally filled their ice houses.","I rather begin to despair of the peaches as I have not seen a dry one to my recollection since returning home.","You remember that during the past summer I was very much reduced in flesh, at present I have more than desirable and sometimes endeavor to reduce it, but the nervousness with which I have been so much troubled and the disagreeableness of cold feet induce me to adhere to the indulgence of the palate. But my dishes are very plain: generally brown bread is the principle article for Breakfast and Tea and sometimes I probably do not taste meat for more than a month and I have not to my recollection used any other drink than cold water since my return home, and hope that such may continue to be the case.","I heard from Judge Allen a few days since: Cousin Mary is well, one of her daughters is rather ill. I met the daughter at the Alum Springs during the past summer. She is a beautiful girl.","Though I desire to hear from you frequently; yet I never wish to do so when there doing so, requires that your eyes should be tasked. To know that you are destroying or endangering the happiness of yourself, and those around you, produces more pain than the receipt of a letter cam compensate for.","Cousin Harriet Murdock was well when her last letter was written. A letter from her is daily expected.","Your Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1st 1853","My Dear Sister, \nTime as it passes brings me to the renewal of the pleasant duty of writing to my sister, though there is nothing here of which I am aware that can be of interest to you, beyond what may be felt in an only brother. Let pleasure result from the mere act of writing to you. Our lives have been checkered in a most marked manner and we are still, notwithstanding all the ill omens of our youth, living even beyond the usual period of human life and I trust that before us are the brightest of our days. In taking a retrospective view of my own life, each year has opened as I consider, with increased promise and with my present views, the future is holding richer stores in reserve. Could you only believe with myself then would you also bear the present with patience and look forward to the future with a calm serene and pleasurable delight.","I too have crosses, and am at times deeply afflicted! But however sore may be the trials they lose their poignancy, and instead of producing injury I feel that I am but improved by the ordeal. But how is this accomplished? By throwing myself upon the protection of him, whose law book is the wonderful Bible. My dear sister I would not part with this book for countless universes. I feel ready to make every sacrifice to carry out the will of him who so loved us, as to give his only begotten son to die for me. How exceedingly great must have been that love!","The more I learn, the more dear does the precious volume appear to me. O Sister, if you would only pray! If you would only become religious! I derive much pleasure from morning walks, in which is to be enjoyed the pure sweetness of caroling birds.","The weather is delightful at present, and our peach trees are beginning to bloom, and in the course of a few more weeks, the forests will be clad with verdure.","Judge Brockenbrough's law school has closed its session and George Lurty has returned home; after having passed a profitable winter. If he will only make the best of his facilities, a brilliant career may be expected as his reward. He possesses talents of a high order.","I have not heard from Cousin Harriet for a long time. It appears she has forgotten me.","Sometime since, Cousin Sylvanus wrote to me, and stated that he was at home, but expected in a few days to leave for the west. Talk to the children for me as I would were I with you. Remember me very kindly to the whole family and to all enquiring relatives and friends.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Rockbridge County, Va. \nApril 15th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nOur spring is opening beautifully, though it is said to be late. I wish that I could only be with you this evening, ah! Not this evening only, but many evenings. I am invited to a large party to night and among the scramble, expect to come in for my share of fun. My health is still improving and in a few months through the blessing of an all kind providence, I hope to be well, at least so much as people usually are.","I wish that you would send me by the return mail the daguerreotype which I had taken in New York after having shaved. The one with the beard on, was taken at New Orleans soon after my return from Mexico. This last one I wish you to keep safely as I prize it highly. If you remember, I gave you two others one being taken with a stern countenance, and the other with a smile, it is the smiling one which I want and don't fail to send it well enveloped, by the first mail. If you wish it to be returned, I will try and do so in a few months or else a better one in its stead; as I think your brother is a better looking man than he was when that was taken. It may be that you have not got the one which I had taken with the beard on, if not it is lost. I am anxious to get Father's, in order to have a facsimile of it taken, but do not trust it to the mail. I believe you let Cousin Harriet have the grim looking one, which I gave you, ungrateful girl that she is. I am going to write to her in a few days such a letter as such conduct in a pretty cousin merits.","I hope that you are out of bed, and able to enjoy the comforts of domestic life. Kiss the children and tell them a great many things such as their uncle would tell him were he in their company.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and to all enquiring relatives \u0026 friends. Should any person be coming here, I would be glad to get my Blair's Rhetoric.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 6th 1853","My Dearest \u0026 only Sister, \nYour melancholy letter has brought tears to my eyes. Yet I would never have you conceal anything from me because of the pain which it may cause me. If your health is really as you state, I would rather know it. My dearest sister, with tears in my eyes and a heart devoted to my God, I look into the future beyond the limits of this transient life of care; and see the dark gloom which is to exist throughout infinite duration. That whilst I am \"to shine like a star in the firmament for ever and forever,\" you are to be assigned to unending misery.","What my dear sister is this life, and all its joys, compared to that which is to come. How happy would I be did I but know that beyond this probationary life we should be together for ever more, there with those who have gone before us, to enjoy endless happiness. My sister, do reflect upon my course of life, think and see if I have ever erred since arriving at mature age, and then consider how I could ever have been satisfied of the truth of the Gospel; unless it is true. Have I ever erred in the affairs of this life? Remember too what strong irreligious influences have been brought to bear on me and yet in spite of all opposing obstacles, I am one of the most devoted of Christians.","Will you not have some faith in the prayers of a dying mother \u0026 brother? My dearest sister, do throw yourself into the hands of God. Throw yourself upon his mercy, repent of your sins and believe that the father will accept your prayers, and forgive your transgressions, for the sake of his son's merits. Remember that he hath said that they who come unto him he will in nowise cast off.","I shall leave here as soon as my vacation shall permit and hope to be with you by the 12 of July if not before. I had designed making you a visit this summer, but did not know whether it would be before or after my return from the North. I have business which calls me to New York City this summer and I was desirous of going some more distant places.","You speak of Dr. Bosworth's son. I wish that it was in my power to do him a service but being here as Professor, I ought not to abuse my trust in any way. I wrote to the Doctor in reference to his son, but I believe omitted to state that in his letter to the superintendent of the Institute he should state that he was unable to educate his son himself. When he calls to see you, I wish that you would mention this to him \u0026 also tell him that Col. Samuel L. Hayes is on the new Board of Visitors for your place.","I most sincerely hope that his son will get the appointment and if there is anything which I can do for him consistent with my duty as Professor, it shall be done with a great deal of pleasure.","Your brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAugust 3rd, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI arrived here yesterday in good health, and expect to leave for the North this evening, via Lexington. There are about five hundred visitors here at present, and the accommodations are nearly exhausted, and in a few days it is quite possible that persons from necessity will be turned off. I hope that Stark has quite recovered. Remember me very kindly to all the family, and to all other enquiring relatives and friends. Say to Mrs. [Hillie/Hellee] that I saw Judge Brockenbrough, but that as he is not a Freemason, I shall try elsewhere. I expect to be in Staunton tomorrow and hope to be able to find some influential Mason there who will attend promptly to the business. I endeavored to do so when coming through Staunton, but did not succeed. I intend to press the matter until some definite action shall have been taken upon the subject.","Say to Dr. Bosworth that I saw John1 yesterday, and that he was well with the exception of a sore leg. I asked him if he had written home, and he said that he had not done so, that he did not wish to, because of his leg being sore. I advised him to write and say nothing about his leg as it would be better to let them hear from him, though he should say nothing in respect to this. His leg did not appear to trouble him much, he was going about the encampment and did not appear much lame. He told me that he would write. If you should say anything to the Doctor about John's leg, tell him to have no concern about it. But probably it would be best to say nothing about the subject of health. I am scarce of paper. Tell Miss Eliza that she must be on the look out for something in relation to me, and in reference to which she called my attention.","Your brother, \nThomas","Say to Doctor Bosworth that I did not hand in the list for John, because of its having already been done.","Lexington, Va. \nOctober 19th, 1853","My Dear Sister, \nSometime since when Mr. Tanner the Daguerreian was passing through here on his way to Beverly, I availed myself of his kindness to send you and Grace and Thomas the little purchases which I made last summer and I hope that they reached you safely. I should have sent Father's miniature also, but upon reflection thought it would be better to defer doing so until a more favorable opportunity should present itself. I hope that Mr. Tanner called to see you, he is a very worthy person and one in whose integrity I have much confidence. The weather here is beautiful and I am enjoying like. To me my wife is a great source of happiness. She has those requisites of which I used to speak to you, and sends her love to you. Tell Mrs. [Hillie] that I have not yet learned the result  result of the application; but that it shall be followed up until some answer shall be obtained.","In my last letter, I spoke of being in Philadelphia. We remained there from Saturday until Monday, when we proceeded to West Point where I was delighted with my easy associations: The beautiful plains, the frowning ruins of Fort Putnam, the majestic river, and magnificent scenery all conspired to enhance my happiness which had already been of a high order. The ladies1 also were much pleased with it.","After remaining there until about 12 o'clock next day, we resumed out route for Niagara Falls. This of all natural curiosities is the most sublime and imposing which has ever come under my observation. We put up at the Cataract House, which is on the American side, and the next morning crossed over to Goat's Island which separates the Falls into two parts, that point on the East of the Island is called the Transcript\nAmerican Falls and that on the West side the Canadian. The latter is much the larger, by reason of the greater quantity of water which passes down on this side of the island. The Canadian falls are called the horseshoe falls from their resemblance to a horseshoe, the toe being up stream. When looking at this wonder of nature I desired to be left to my own interrupted thoughts, it lulls the mind and forbids interruption, it calls on the mind for its entire and undivided contemplation. More of this in my next. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. the family and all enquiring friends \u0026 relatives.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNovember 30th 1853","My Dear Sister, \nI hope that upon the receipt of this that you will be induced to break your long silence. Do not think that because I am married that I would not be glad to receive a letter from you. I am going to the wedding of one of my old bachelor friends this evening. His name is Massie1, a graduate of the Va. Mil. Institute; the lady is Miss Sophonisba B. McDowell, daughter of the late governor McDowell.","At present my health is influenced by a cold in the head; but to such things in my own case, I attach but little importance, for with care they are dissipated in a few days. My wife is in good health, and sends her love to you \u0026 the family.","Things here are working smoothly, the weather is fine, and I am much pleased with the coming prospects. Give my love to Mr. A. and the rest of the family. Tell Mrs. Hillie that I saw the gentleman to whom I made application in her case, but a few days since, and that he that he had not been able to do anything for her as yet, but on account of the recent expenses of the lodge; but that he was certain that he would get twenty dollars at least, and that he would be in Richmond this winter, and that he would bring her case before the grand lodge of the State. But tell her not to be too sanguine about success for fear that she may be disappointed. In my opinion, something will be done for her, but how much it is impossible to say.","I believe that at the close of my last letter I was making some remarks upon Niagara, and I had probably finished them. After leaving there, we proceeded in a carriage down the Niagara River for a few miles to Lewiston, where we took a steamer and proceeded to cross Lake Ontario on our way to the St. Lawrence River, and at dawn the next morning we were around a cluster of islands called the thousand islands, which present an extremely beautiful aspect and they are probably a thousand in number, some almost covered by bare and rugged rocks and crops and the other beautifully varied with forests of Northern growth. I enjoyed the scene much! Very much! During the day, we passed through the perilous rapids of that remarkable river. In passing one of them we took on board a special pilot of large an athletic dimensions. After thus passing a very pleasant day, we arrived safely at Montreal. To be remembered to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends is the request of your only brother, \nThomas ","P.S. You may form some idea of one of the rapids from the circumstance that though we were on a high decked steamer, yes the spray was thrown extremely over her prow and so as to fall upon her deck.","Lexington, Va. \nFebruary 14th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour long looked for letter arrived at last. I am much pleased at having another niece and hope that she may prove as pretty and interesting as Grace. I hope that you may not have a return of the sore mouth, but that better health may bless you than in past years.","It is very singular that Mr. Tanner neglected to give you the things entrusted to him, possibly he changed his route after having seen me and did not pass through Beverly.","I wish that I could get Tom some suitable books here. I may have an opportunity of getting some by the time that any person from this place goes to Beverly.","I send you a lock of Ellie's hair which she reluctantly parts with because of its color, which she hopes may prove more acceptable to your taste than it has ever been to hers. My message to you is that you must prize it very highly as being the token of a sister's love and from a brother's wife.","Send us a lock from your hair and also one from Grace. Tell her to give me the prettiest she has so that I may look at it when I am so far off that I cannot see her pretty face. Tell her furthermore that I have told her Aunt that Grace is very pretty \u0026 her conduct much as good as her face.","I have not yet heard of any money being collected for Mrs. Hillie and I feel uneasy about it; yet I have strong reassurances that something will be done, and I shall press the matter until a definite answer shall have been obtained, and the result I will inform Mrs. Hillie of immediately. Ellie joins me in love to you and the family.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 4th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour kind letter was gladly received, and read. Permit me to congratulate myself on being the Uncle of another niece as pretty as Grace. I hope that you will accept my kindest congratulations and give the same to Mr. Arnold. As yet I have heard nothing of Mr. Tanner.","I hope that Mrs. Hillie is improving in health. I am anxious about her claim, no recent account has been given me in reference to it. Should nothing be reported to me before summer, I shall go to Staunton in person and see about it. Until that time my occupation requires me to be at the Institute.","We have recently been called to mourn the death of my mother-in-law, she without any apparent uneasy concern passed in to that unseen world where the weary are at rest. Her life was such as to attract around her many warm friends, and if she had any enemy in this world it was and continues to be a secret to me. Hers was a Christian life and hers was a Christian death. She had been afflicted with rheumatism for several months previous to the close of her life and on Saturday preceding her death she had the return of hernia which had formerly afflicted her. On the 23rd of February about 3 o'clock P.M. her husband told her that her end had come. She asked how long she could live and he told her two or three hours, and although the Physicians had the same day pronounced her symptoms favorable, she appeared perfectly reconciled. She said that she was not afraid to die and that she found Jesus precious to her soul. [text at left margin] She asked us to kiss her and told her children to live near to Jesus and to be kind to one another. When asked by one her daughters what they should do without her, she replied that the Lord would provide. She was strongly attached to her family and [they] to her; yet she appeared to have no concern about what would become of herself or family, such was her complete confidence in the promises of the Bible. She felt assured that God would provide for her family and she felt that she was going to her saviour, with whom she expected to enjoy unending happiness. Her death was no leaping into the dark. She died with the bright hope of an unending immortality of happiness.","My sister, Oh! That you could thus live, then might you thus die. Do you not remember how much you are concerned about your children when you apprehend the approach of a dying hour. Do my sister turn to God and cast all your care in Jesus. I believe that you had our Mother's and Warren's prayers and now you have mine, and more than mine. My Dear Sister, do seek religion.","Remember me very kindly to each member of the family, my wife sends her love also.","Remember me to all enquiring relations and friends.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 7th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nAs I received your letter day before yesterday, and was desirous of answering it by the return mail, I could only say a few words. I am not certain whether the physician mentioned in your letter, was the same I have heard of as the lecturer in the North, or not; if he is, as I before stated, I should not much admire his character, though he might be a good doctor notwithstanding. Yet I would not like such a man for my physician, if I could get a good physician whose moral character would receive my approbation. If this is not the lecturer, I know nothing about him.","I hope that by the time you receive this that your health will have much improved. But my sister, be that as it may, do turn to God, and obey the teachings of the Bible. If you do not believe its teachings at least obey its doctrines and I believe that God will give you faith. Make but the effort, and resolve to do what it teaches to the close of life, and then you may expect death to be disrobed of its terrors. Remember that you have your brother's prayers, and I hope those of several members of my wife's family, and I believe that you also received the prayers of our Mother and Brother.","I received a letter a few days since from Aunt Clementine Neale. She and Uncle Alford had been south to see Uncle Thornton and Wirt, but a short time before they reached Uncle Thornton's Wirt had gone to California. She tells me that Wirt is a very tall man, and that Uncle Thornton has a very high opinion of him. Uncle Minor's wife lost her last husband in New Orleans some months since and she is consequently again thrown upon her father's protection. I have also received a letter from Uncle John White; his health has improved and that of his family is generally good. Uncle George White's family at last account was well.","My dear sister do try and follow your Brother's council now and remember that this letter is prayed over by him, that it may be the means of your eternal happiness. Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate Brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA \nApril 11th 1854","My Dear Sister, \nLast night I received a letter from Uncle John White, in which the states that Uncle Madison is not willing to have Uncle Cummins' property sold so far as to pay off his (Cummins) debts and that Madison is opposed to having the mills rented out again, but is trying to get them into his own hands, and he already had got the negroes from Jacob Jackson. Uncle John thinks that the property ought to be sold so far as to pay off Uncle Cummins' debts and the remainder to be divided among the heirs, and I think that such is the proper course. He offers to do the best he can for you and me provided we wish him to do so. I have offered to give him my interest as an heir because I was afraid that in going to law I might spend more than my interest would be worth. I wish you would let Uncle John know whether he shall do anything for you or not. I hope that by this time all is well with you. Ellie joins me in love to yourself and family.","Your brother, \nThomas","V.M. Institute \nLexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI have in vain waited for your reply to several letters; if you can not write barely enclose me your card or anything to tell me that you are still among the living. Doctor White left your presents for me with a friend of mine and they have come safely to hand and for which I am much obliged. I regret that he did not call and see me or at least let me know of his being in town in order to give me an opportunity of seeing him and it would have given me an opportunity of returning father's miniature. I have not seen Mr. Tanner since he passed through Beverly; but I suppose that he delivered to you some books for Thomas.","Tell Mrs. Hilley that I have not been able to get anything for her as yet, but that the necessary steps have been taken and that we must await the result which she shall be made acquainted with.","I am a candidate for the Professorship of Mathematics in the University of Va. I am well pleased with my present position, yet the other is more desirable both by reason of its being more prominent, and its being about three thousand dollars. The professor is elected by the Board of Visitors for the University of Va.","We have had some very cold weather here during the past few days but at present it is very fine.","My wife has had the left side of her face partially [paralyzed]1","Your brother, \nThomas","P.S. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family and inquiring relations and friends. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nMay 2nd 1854","My Dear Sister, \nI chanced to be at the Hotel yesterday when Doctor White was passing through town and was much pleased at meeting him; it served to some extent the purpose of seeing you; as I thereby had an opportunity of seeing someone who had recently been with my sister. He told me that you had written to me and after the Post Office had opened I received your letter. The mass of which you speak I would send to you, had the Doctor not have procured it before seeing me, he told me that he had found it in the shop of some doctor as he was coming to Lexington. Should you wish any more at any time, let me know and I will procure it for you. I do hope that little Tom is free from that dreadful disease the scrofula. I trust that your apprehensions may prove groundless but it always best to be wide awake, and not permit ourselves to be taken by surprise.","I hope that your health may continue to improve. The poor little Babe what can be the matter with it? I suppose that it is difficult to decide in so young a child, but let us hope for the better while we continue to be prepared for the worst.","Ellie's face has not yet entirely recovered; but I am of the opinion that time will effect a perfect restoration.","Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all enquiring relatives and friends. Tell Thomas and the other children, that I love them, and that they must be good children. Ellie joins me in love to you all.","Your brother, Thomas","P.S. Tell Thomas that I am sorry that he is sick, and that I wish that I could do something for him. T.J.J.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 12th, 1854","My Dear Sister, \nYour sorrowful letter came safe. Your loss is one which I have never been called upon to bear up under; I can well conceive of the tender union which is thus sundered. You have my sympathy [note 1] and I wish I could point you successfully to the source of consolation. I have [entrusted?] the hair to Ellie's keeping. I am not certain that we will be able to come to Beverly this summer; though, should we do so, I will write to you before hand. I am glad to hear that the other children are doing so well. Enclosed is the ribbon. I hope that it will please you, it was the prettiest that Ellie could find. Should there be any other article that I can procure you, it will give me pleasure to do so. I am not certain about my election; but be the result as it may, my friends have acted nobly in my cause.  [note 2] I am very much pressed at this time with studies and letter writing; though a few more weeks will close our session. Tell Doctor B. that his son is in good health. All of my wife's family are at home now, with the exception of one brother, who is in Pa. One of her brothers who is a lawyer in Philadelphia has brought home his bride; having married last Thursday.","I am endeavoring to get an answer about Mrs. Hilley's money: and if I do not get it soon I shall go and see about it in person, and will have the matter settled either one way or the other. Remember me to her and to all my other friends.","Your brother \nT. J. Jackson \nRemember me very kindly to each member of the family and to my other relations. \nTJJ","[Note 1 - Reference to the death of Laura's infant daughter, Laura Zell Arnold (b. Dec. 1853 d. May 1854).]\n[Note 2 - Reference to Jackson's pending application for a professorship at the University of Virginia. Shortly after this letter was written, the University's Board awarded the position to another candidate.]","My Dear Sister, \nEllie \u0026 myself hope to be with you this day week (Saturday).","I wish you would say to Mrs. Hillie that I have failed in my efforts to procure her any assistance. I much regret this. I do not know of any person belonging to the Staunton Lodge who would have been more likely of success than Mr. Watts, the gentleman to whom I entrusted it.\nYour Brother Thomas ","My dear Laura, \nThe Major is so busy with his duties at the Institute that he has commissioned me to finish this letter for him. Indeed, I have scarcely seen him today. He wishes me to say to you that he hopes you will not exert yourself by making any preparations to receive us; he does not want you to weary yourself or injure your health on our account. The weather is so extremely warm just now that we quite fear the ride in stage, but we hope to find it cooler further among the mountains.\nYours affect. \nEllie Jackson","Excuse this hasty note as I am much pressed with business. Mr. Bledsoe of Kentucky was elected at the University to the chair for which I was a candidate.","Healing Springs, Va. \nJuly 24th 1854","My dear Laura, \nWe intended to have written last week to you concerning our journey and safe arrival here, but it was postponed from day to day as such things often are. The journey over the mountains was exceedingly tiresome to me, as the road over the Cheat Mt. had been newly macadamized \u0026 the load was heavy for two horses. We had a very agreeable companion","[at top of page]","The Major says they did not know when they would make any mass at the Bath Alum, but he says if you want it he will direct them to send you a keg of it, but he expects the transportation will cost a good deal. companion with us, whose vivacity and intelligence beguiled our way very much. His name was Henry O. Middleton \u0026 he is a great land owner \u0026 speculator. Much of his talk was about land. It was nine o'clock when we reached Monterey and we left it at two in the morning, so we did not have very much rest-- but by lying down on the seat with my head on the Major's knees \u0026 Mr. Middleton's overcoat for a pillow I rested somewhat \u0026 did not feel the jolting so terribly as I did sometimes. At Yager's where we dined, they had according to the Major's request a fine dish of trout and I can assure you we did full justice to them. We did not go all the way to Staunton on Saturday, but stopped 15 miles short of it at Dudley's. From there the landlord brought us over to Oakland on the other turnpike. There we stayed over Sunday and on Monday evening we took the stage again. That night we slept at Cloverdale \u0026 the next day we came on here, stopping to breakfast at the Bath Alum.","The Major inquired there for the mass according to your wish but they had none and were making none. There were very few visitors there.","We reached these Springs about noon on Tuesday. A good many people have come since we did and now I suppose there are 50 or 60 here. The water is disagreeably warm to drink, but is very pleasant to bathe in. I drink about 5 glasses a day \u0026 the Major drinks more. They keep an excellent table and we get the very nicest brown bread, plenty of venison \u0026 other meat and twice they had tomatoes, but they were brought from Richmond. They have been examining my face this morning \u0026 I think it is a little improved.  I let the water run over it when I was in the bath. The Major thinks the water is doing him good. He joins with me in sending love to you \u0026 the children \u0026 compliments to Mr. Arnold.","Yours Affect.\nE.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 14th 1854","My dear sister \nYou must excuse this short letter and also my not having written to you at an earlier day, for my eyes have become so bad as to make me very careful with them. You wrote to me that should your health not prevent your coming to see me that I might have expected your arrival several days since. I went to the Hotel to see whether you had attempted such a journey. Though I would like to see you, and appreciate your very sisterly affection, yet I would not like for you to attempt coming over such a road, with all its harassments, so do not attempt it. When my next vacation vacation will enable me to leave (which I cannot do now without neglecting my duties) I trust that God will again permit me to see your face.","My Dear Ellie thought to pass over the stage route from here to Beverly was a hard undertaking for her. After she returned home she was pleased with her visit. She has now gone on a glorious visit though through a gloomy portal. Her companion are of the glorified Host. I look forward with delight to the day when I shall join her. Religion is all that I desire it to be. I am reconciled to my loss and have joy in hope of a future reunion where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest. I am much obliged to you for you kind desire to come and stay with Ellie.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lex. Va. \nFeby 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI have learned with pleasure that your health has improved and I hope that you may not for many a day to come {need} any more medicine. I have gone to both of our book stores but in neither one could be found the books which you require. If you desire it and will let me know I will get one of our merchants when in Philadelphia next month to get them if they are to be had. The spelling book is here but the others I doubt whether they will ever be here unless specially ordered.","I have just written to Wirt I to have done so some time since but have been prevented by my eyes. He is at Mount Vernon Indiana where he recently returned from California. He saw hard times and was glad to get back even with his life, though he brought some money $340 dollars.","My eyes are improving but still I have to be careful with them, the spots continue to float before them. I am obliged to you for your kind suggestion not to hurt them even in writing to you. Maggie has been in Philadelphia for about three months for her health. Is there anything of Dear Ellie's which you would like to have, her pencil, her glasses or anything else?","Love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, Thomas.","[Note: the last page of this document contains a handwritten copy of a letter not in our collection]","Lexington Va \nJanuary 24th 1854","My Dear Sister \nMy eyes have improved so that I hope to be able sometim next month to write you a letter.  I received your letter yesterday.  Maggie is in Philadelphia.","Your affectionate \nbrother Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMarch 20th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nI sometime since received a letter from Wirt in which he stated that he was at Uncle Alfred Neales, and that he intended going to your house as soon as the weather should settle. He requested me to answer him immediately directing my letter to him at Beverly. I at once replied and I suppose that the letter has reached its destination ere this. He writes a good hand and a sensible letter. He expresses his intention of going to California or his desire to do so. This I","[text below continues from page 4; it appears on the left and top margins of page 1]","here but I am unable to select for fear that you may have them or that they may not suit your taste. Remember me very kindly to Wirt when he arrives, to Mr. A., to all the family and to all enquiring friends and relatives.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","hope he will relinquish. I am inclined to the belief that he would probably do as well by making Civil Engineering his profession as at any thing else to which he could turn his attention under present circumstances. But of this I can not speak definitely. He must judge of this for himself. Try and get him to stay with you if you can, until I come and get him to study arithmetic \u0026 geography and history: and for this purpose lend him Rollin's ancient history. If Wirt will study Latin I will give him lessons during the summer and put him in the way of learning it so that he can teach Thomas.","I will also if he will consent to do so give him instruction in the different sciences, of Algebra, Geometry and in Engineering and other branches of necessary education and bring with me the necessary books. If he thinks that it will take up too much time for a perfect education, he can take enough for an Engineer in the course of a few months. He can then commence the practice on some of our internal improvements. I have an idea that he might succeed well in this sphere of life. He could whilst practicing his profession make himself a good historian, but it would be the safer plan to get a good education before he commences the practice of the profession.","I hope that for the present Wirt will conclude to teach and then he can as he progresses with his education decide on his profession. I am anxious to know as soon as practicable his determination. I think that the plan of staying in Beverly and taking up a school is the proper one for him if all things are favorable to it, so far as obtaining Mr. Arnold's approbation and a moderate school. I send you two styles of writing but I would not advise the use of but one. If you will let me know which you have selected I can send you [some] others when wanted.","I bought four papers of seed, but can only find three. If you will name the kind of seed you want I think that I can probably get them for there is a variety","[end of letter appears in margin on page 1] ","Lex. Va. \nApril 4th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 30th ult. And Thomas' came by this days mail. I feared from what I recently heard that Wirt's mind had not entirely recovered. And as such appears to be the case from your letter, it might be dangerous for him to be closely confined. He told me in his letter that he was not qualified for any occupation except farming and that he did not have the means for this. I therefore make two offers to him. One is to purchase the farm worth a thousand dollars and let him go on it, and have all that he can make. The other is the system of education which I have already stated to you. Now if you can let him know this in such a manner as to be acceptable to him, I wish you to do so. If you think that such can not be done, then let me know it. He ought not to feel hurt at any assistance which I offer to give him, because he is my brother. Should he conclude to go on the farm, I want him to read during his spare time and having a good memory he can become a good historian. Should he prefer going on a farm, I think it would be well to select one in such a position as will enable him easily to dispose of his produce. He might in a few years be able to refund the money used. I would not charge him any interest. I have not got a thousand dollars on hand now; but expect to have in a few months. Wirt might be looking him out a place suitable farm so that when I come West we go together and see it.","I am sorry that your eyes are so much impaired, but hope that they will be better before this reaches you. I would recommend you to fill a basin full of water and put your face under the water and hold your eyes open in it as long as you can hold your breath. Just do this once whenever your eyes are very painful. This is the course which I am now pursuing. I do it about six times a day in cold water \u0026 the water should be as cold as when just drawn from the well or taken from the river. My eyes are quite bad at present. Don't write but make Thomas do it for you. I would be glad if Wirt would write to me. Tell Thomas that I shall answer his letter in a few days and that I am very thankful to him for it. Tell him that I am much pleased with his good spelling. I sent the primer and reader by the last mail. Give my love to all and the family and Wirt.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas ","Lexington, Va. \nJune 1st, 1855","My Dear Sister, \nDay before yesterday, I received a letter from Wirt written, at Uncle Alfred's. he says that his health had improved and that he ploughed nearly all the preceding day. He also stated that there is a school a short distance below the Island, and that he wants to go to school there when his health is sufficiently reestablished. He says that he likes Mr. Arnold \"very much\" and that you treated him \"like a brother.\" I am pleased with his letter, and if he continues at Uncle Alfred's, I want to visit him this summer. I should not for a moment suspect from his composition that his mind was injured. He speaks plainly and sensibly.","I hope that before this, you have recovered at least the usual use of your eyes and that all things are moving on pleasantly. How is Thomas getting along with his studies?","This a rainy day here, but is rather brighter that it was early in the morning. I have received the railing for dear Ellie's grave and this summer expect to take steps for the Tomb stones to be brought from Philadelphia. I intend to have them of Italian marble. The iron railing is neat and when I put it up it will be about three feet high.","Pure and lovely companion of my happier days, I feel that she has entered upon the blissful enjoyment of which the human mind cannot have a clear conception. Ere many long years roll by I hope to be with her, where there will be no more separation. We loved each other on Earth and shall that love be diminished in eternity I do not believe it, but on the contrary will be greatly enhanced. Had I one request on Earth to ask in accordance with my own feelings and apart from duty it would be that I might join her before the close of another day after this. I have many pleasures here, but I believe that there are greater in reserve beyond this life.","If you want me to bring any thing in July, let me know in your next.","Give me love to all the family \u0026 to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother, \nT.J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 18th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter post marked 10th Inst. came a few days after I had written to Mr. Watts of Staunton in reference to Mrs. Hilley and he tells me in his reply that the grand lodge could not do any thing for want of Jurisdiction and that the Staunton Lodge could not give assistance for want of funds. A recent house built by this lodge  has prevented any aid from this source. Mr. W. said \"We have purchased a very fine lodge room at a heavy expense, and all the means we can well share must go to pay for it.\" So you see how hopeless the case is. Say to Mrs. Hilley that I much regret this issue of the application. I had hoped that something would have been done, but as the Staunton and the grand lodges have both failed, I don't see that any thing is to be hoped for in this section of the state.","Julia last week purchased two collars for you but she could not find a suitable belt. I afterwards went in search of one, but with a similar result. There are plenty of them, but not such as please me, so I intend postponing the purchase until I reach Staunton. I could get a bonnet but I am afraid that it would get broken. I shall think it over when I am in Staunton. The [shawl] I have had no opportunity as yet of sending for. I shall try and bring you some slips from dear Ellie's flowers.","It will give me much pleasure to teach Thomas while I am with you. I have a few old clothes which I will take with me. I much obliged for your kindness in reference to the shirts but don't let any thing be touched until I see you.","Wirt has not written since your last.","Remember me very kindly to Mrs. Hilley \u0026 to Miss El[illegible] and to other enquiring friends.","Give my love to all the family. I hope that Aunt and Cousin John's health have improved.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Uncle Alfred's \nAugust 10th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nThe object of this note is to state that I was prevented from going on the Hall place. But I learned that she there are 637 1/2 acres to be sold on the 20th of this month. This land is composed of the Hall place, the School Croft place \u0026 the Thorpe place, none of which I wish to purchase. It is estimated that it will go at from three to five thousand dollars \u0026 is by all regarded as valuable property.","As my eyes continue weak you must excuse this brief letter. Wirt sends his love \u0026 thanks for the articles of clothing and says that he wants you to write to him, that he has only received that one short note from you though he has written several letters. Uncle's family are in usual health.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nSept. 3rd 1855","My Dear Sister, \nAs my eyes are still troubling me, you must excuse this brief note. I left Wirt on Thursday of week before last with the understanding that he would start for Missouri on the following Monday. There he designed going to farming on some land of mine which I am to purchase. He is to have some more schooling after he gets located, and I hope that he will do well. He was troubled about the promise which he made to you of paying you a visit. I advised him to go at once and select some place where he would like to live and that I would write to you. It was important that he should as soon as practicable get fixed in some pursuit. His mind was unsettled and flying from thing to thing, and it appears that the course he was prevailed on to take is the best for him. He had learned but very little at school previous to my going to the River. But with the start I gave him in grammar I hope that he will become a good grammarian. I want him to study spelling writing and grammar. I hope that you will write to me soon approving his course and excusing him from his promise. I feet well satisfied that you would do so when I counseled him at once to locate himself. Give my love to all the family.","Your affectionate brother","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter to Wirt appears to have had a good influence on him such as to induce him to relinquish his idea of returning to Indiana. Yet he has gone beyond what I authorized him to do by purchasing a farm at eight dollars per acre. I restricted him to seven at most. But notwithstanding if Cousin Wm. Neale will approve of the bargain I have determined to advance eleven hundred dollars. I well know that there is a risk but it appears to me that I ought to run this risk for him. He made the purchase without consulting Cousin Wm. and it may be that he has been cheated. I have written to Uncle Alfred to forward between seven and eight hundred dollars if he thinks it should be done, but with the condition that the contract is to be approved by Cousin Wm. and the deed to be made out in my name. Wirt says that he has paid ninety five dollars of the purchase money by selling his horse to the person from whom he purchased.","Mr. Thomas left for home yesterday and I left at the house where he was staying a testament for him to carry to Mrs. Hilley. It may possibly be that it was not delivered to him, please let me know whether Mrs. Hilley gets it. He was not in when I left the book and he told me afterwards that he had not received it, but I requested him to ask for it before leaving.","Tell Mr. Arnold that I want to get about two thousand acres of land warrant and ask him whether he could purchase me any if I were to forward the money and at about what price does he think it can be procured. I do not want to make any purchases until after Christmas as the general impression I believe is that the price will be lower about that time, but I would like to know what it is worth now. Tell him that my intention is to let the land lay after purchasing it for a number of years without selling it and that as the lands in Kansas are less culled over than those in the free states I will for the same amount of money get better land and that Kansas will almost certainly be a free state and this will give the advantage of a free state in selling should I years hence wish to dispose of them. Ask him what he thinks of these views. Tell him that I have been told there is considerable good land in Illinois still unappropriated and if so I want to lay warrants on some of it as it must ultimately command a high price.","I hope Mr. Campbell will come on and that you will be able to keep him. Aunt Clem told me in a recent letter that soon after my leaving she was laid up from","[end of letter appears in margin of this and previous pages]","Charly \u0026 Julia took prizes.","I received Dear Ellie's tomb stones today enclosed a draft of the head stone, it has a full blown rose and a rose bud on the top. William Junkin my youngest brother-in-law is to be married tomorrow to Miss Anna Anderson a lovely a pretty girl. Our synod was a delightful assembly. Your affectionate brother.","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 6th 1855","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 29th Sept. came safely and I am obliged to you for your advise in regard to Wirt, and I agree with you in regard to the course to be pursued. I had previously taken precautions against any such consequences as you refer to. My arrangement with regards to the purchase of land is this. That he should go out and make a selection of such a farm as would fulfill certain conditions, and previous to the purchase the transaction must be approved by Uncle Alfred Neale in the event of his being in Missouri at the time, if not then Cousin William Neale must approve of it. Upon complying with all the conditions, Uncle Alfred Neale is to forward endorse a note which I left in his hands and after getting the money out of the Bank to forward a check for it on [N. T.?] payable to the order of Cousin William Neale. And when the deed is made out in my name Cousin William is to pay the money. So the money is entirely beyond Wirt's control. Cousin Wm. Neale has advised Wirt to do as you recommended, viz. to raise stock \u0026 I suppose that he will do so.","When Wirt shall have purchased land, then I expect to furnish him some money to enable him to work it. This he may be able to dispose of, but I will be on my guard about entrusting him with it if there is any danger of [Will?/him?] going back to Uncle Thornton's","I am thankful to you for having written a plain letter to Wirt upon his conduct. I have received a letter from Wirt dated Sept. 19th in which he states that he had reached William Neale's but in going up the Mississippi River the boat was s[wamp?]ed and he left his berth to go forward leaving his purse under his pillow and when he returned it was gone. He says that the country is very healthy. But that improved land is worth from 25 to 30 dollars per acre. Cousin Wm. has advised him to go elsewhere and he is going to look at the lands of Johnson County. He expresses himself pleased with the country and I hope that he may do well. I do not want him to go into a free state if it can be avoided for he would probably become an abolitionist and then in the event of trouble between the N \u0026 S he would stand on one side and we on the opposite. Tell Mr. Arnold that next year I want to go West and make investments in land and would be glad could he go along and make some purchases for himself if he desires to make such.","[end of letter in margins of this and previous pages]","William Woodson says that he acknowledges his obligation to assist Wirt but that he is not able. I agree with him that land in a free state rises most rapidly. But I have a scheme on hand which I think approve of and which I will give in my next.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Nov. 3rd 1855","I wish that you would not omit to let me know Mr. Arnold's views in your next and whether he thinks that he will go with me and the prospect of buying say one thousand acres of land warrant \u0026 the price per acre.","I wrote to James Dicks a few days since, and the reference to his putting up stones at Brother Warren's grave, and I wish that you would drop him a line as soon as convenient giving the days of his birth and death. If you have my letter upon the subject of his death you may find one of the dates from it.","I got Aunt Coty Williams to go with me to Father's and our sisters graves and made arrangement with her for having the graves fixed up so far as renewing the Earth over them and I hope that before a [great while?] we shall be able to erect stones.","The Cadets have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond but are expected to be home today.","T.J.J.","Lexington Va. \nNov. 13th 1855","[fragment; only top portion exists]","...it as he was going West to buy land, and gave his note payable in two months. So your....","[fragment; only top portion exists]","-pects be applied as I originally designed. He wrote to me that he could get two hundred dollars for his bargain and if so will have done well by the purchase and sale of it again. I don't know what to do about him. I told him at the time that I made the proposition not to accept of it unless he felt it would be to his interest, and I wrote in reply to his letter expressing the advantages that Indiana offered, that if he was dissatisfied with our engagement not to consider himself bound by it.","Cousin Hardin Neale it appears is really consumptive.","Remember me very affectionately to all the family and very kindly to all inquiring relatives \u0026 friends.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nChristmas 1855","My Dear Nephew, \nYour letter has given me pleasure in various ways. I am glad to know that you can find time from your play to write me so good a letter and hope that you will write frequently. I am sorrowed that your mule should have been so unmannerly as to throw you off \u0026 even after doing this should kick you, but now since your Pa has sold him all such accidents I hope will be avoided for the future.  I remember having once been served pretty much the same way by one of those kicking creatures. It happened in this way I went with Cousin Wm. Brake whom your mother can tell you about to bring some mules home one Sunday Morning, and as I was riding down a long hill somehow or other I not only got over the mark across his shoulders but he got me over his head and jumped clear over me and way he went \u0026 from that day to this I have not been very fond of mule riding. You know they kick out to one side like a cow.","I have corrected your letter \u0026 believing that you would understand the corrections better if I returned the letter with the corrections I have concluded to return it with this. And now I am not going to look over my letter, and I expect that there are some mistakes in it \u0026 if so I wish when you read it that you would point them out to your Pa or Ma and tell me of them when you next write, and if there are many you can just correct them, and return the letter thus corrected. I hope that you will get to a good school this Winter. I saw Doctor Bosworth this morning at the Hotel or Tavern in Town. He is up paying his son John a visit during the Christmas holidays \u0026 I wish that you would go \u0026 tell Mrs. Bosworth that I saw him \u0026 tell her also that John is well.","The Doctor told me that he thought that you would have a good teacher in Town this winter. I hope that you will get enough money to buy a calf and that you will grow up to be a good \u0026 wise man.","Give much love to your Father, Mother, Grace \u0026 Stark.","Your affectionate Uncle \nThomas","Jany 14th 1856","My Dear Aunt, \nYour letter enclosing Wirt's \u0026 its accompanying bonds came safely. And in reply I would state that I even desire that my feelings may never get the better of my judgement. And certainly from all the light now before me it would be in violation of my judgement to aid Wirt until he gives evidence of being a reliable and straight forward person. Though he promised in his letters to give a portion of each to [parsing?] as I had taught him. Yet he has not so much as attempted anything in any of his letters, and it appears ","[top margin text is end of letter, see page 2]\nunless they are responsible persons. that though he promised you not to purchase the watch, yet he violated his promise to you and excused himself by saying that the man made him do so. For the present and until he satisfies me that it would be proper to give him aid I must decline doing it. But it will give me pleasure to assist whenever I can do so with the consciousness that he will do what is right.","Tell uncle that I am anxiously looking for the check from him on New York City as I want to forward funds there as soon as practicable. Much love to uncle and to all the family. Please let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate nephew, \nThomas","I return one of Wirt's papers and will return the others letter hereafter. The deed is to be made to Wirt \u0026 this not until is directly the reverse of his obligations \u0026 the time of making the deed is deferred until the last purchase money shall be paid \u0026 then if they cannot make it, there it ends unless they are responsible persons.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI expect that you have been expecting a letter for several mails as I am several mails behind my time, and acting upon the principle that late is better than never I have concluded to appropriate a portion of this afternoon to a little talk with you.","My paper you see is variegated with colors by obviously not much beautified by such acquisition. This varied appearance has resulted not from color but from the absence of color produced by spilling some nitric acid on it \u0026 it has given me about a [illegible] of the same stamp. Tell Thomas he must never give up his Latin grammar nor his English either. That if he perseveres that he may expect to find both of great use after awhile. Tell him that his uncle had to study hard for years at more difficult things than the Latin \u0026 grammar and that after he learns it, that it will all be very easy. Tell him also that I want a letter from him when he finds time to write. But he must make himself perfect master of his spelling book and grammar now when he is young and then he may expect to write correct letters, but without knowing these two books he can hardly expect to write correctly. Because all correct writing must have the words spelled correctly and written grammatically.","How is cousin John getting? I have not yet written to him, but if your next letter brings the news of his life being prolonged I think that I will try and write very soon after. My time is taken up during the day and I am afraid to write at night. But my eyes are improving. I have no recent news of Wirt at least for several weeks \u0026 I do not know where he is. The last I heard from him was through a letter written to Aunt Clem. Cousin Hardin appointed Uncle Alfred his administrator. If Cousin John is still living, give him my warm remembrances \u0026 hope that the visions of the future may grow brighter until faith is lost in reality of those joys which passeth all understanding. Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter has come safely, and I am glad to learn that you are in such an exuberant flow of spirits and hope that such much may long continue.","I received, and answered your other letter in regard to the tombstones at Brother Warren's grave. But as I usually answer letters from recollection, thus saving my eyes from rereading, I forgot ","[end of letter from page 4 appears on margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","to answer that particular inquiry, but remembered it afterwards and should have answered it. In this: I wish to put stones to his grave and also to Father's \u0026 sister's, and also to Mother's if I knew certainly the spot, but it appears to me that it would be best to put all up at the same time during the coming year. But if you would prefer having Warren's put up now, write to Jas. Dicks \u0026 ask him to do so, and pay him the twelve dollars, and ask Doctor Bosworth if it will not suit him to let you have my part of the expense and let me pay it over to Colonel Smith here the same amount for him, it will save him the risk of the losing it by mail, in the event of his sending his money by mail. But should it not be convenient for the Doctor to do so, and you can spare the money until I shall have an opportunity of getting a check I will forward it to you and should there be other expenses beyond twelve dollars I will share them with you.","The congregation here to which I belong have objects to which they subscribe of much more importance to them than your Academy can be, that I am well satisfied that your application would meet with little or no favor here, and I would advise that no effort should be made. We have six annual contributions, and then certain others which are first recommended by over session, and I am well satisfied that the session would consider other objects as more demanding their recommendation than the academy. You need not be afraid of the opposing party doing anything here if they were to do so it would give me an opportunity which I would embrace if at home of urging your claims.","[end continues margins of page 1]","Thomas need not repeat his English verb when he is conjugating his Latin verb, but ask him what his Latin verb is in English. I have heard from Wirt and written a very plain letter to him like that which I wrote to you. Much love to all.","Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 1856","My Dear Nephew, \nNow for a letter to you, but I would much rather talk to you if you were here, but as I can't talk with you I do not intend biting off my nose by delaying myself the pleasure of writing. Thanks to you for your correction of my letter. And now let us see how many errors you can find in this yours. And now let us read your letter together, and let us number the wrong words. No (1) means to exclude, you wished to tell me to receive, just the reverse of this, and should have said accept. No. 2 should begin with the capital E because the word is an adjective derived from the name of a nation. No. 3 should for the same reason begin with L. No. 4 should be piece, look in your dictionary for both words piece \u0026 peace. No. 5 wants an e at the end. I hope that your finger has perfectly recovered. I am much pleased with your letter and want you to write often. Your little sealing wax experiment had much gratified me. And now I hope that you will put all the words which I corrected for you down on a separate piece of paper and memorize them safely so that when I next visit you they can all be repeated by you, Grace and Stark.","I am glad to see them doing so well in their studies. And if you study your Latin grammar well, I think that you will be apt to like it after you become well acquainted with it. We generally like those things best which we can do the best. We usually find that the little boy who can run faster than any other boy fond of running races and the one who can read the best of any in his class fond of reading. And the man who can talk better and speak better than others fond of talking and speaking. I want to see you a good talker, but especially a good speaker and your Latin is very important in making you a good speaker, and so study it with all your might. Besides the correction of my letter let us see if you can correct these words viz.: ","[end of letter continues on margins of page 1]","Philadelfia, Pensilvania.","Give much love to all the family.","Your affectionate \nUncle Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nMay 12th, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nThanks for your letter and excuse me for not having answered it sooner. I have been unsuccessful in procuring seed as our seed seller of last year did not bring them on this year. But the apothecary chanced to have a few on hand from which I have selected two papers. The assortment is very poor and small.","I wish that you would drop a note to Mr. Criss or to Cousin Elizabeth and see whether he could not see to putting up the stones at the graves of Father \u0026 Sister, and ask what they will come to including the cost of putting them up. And if you can get it attended to I will advance the money at any time for the purpose but before closing the terms let me know because if they are not as good as I can get elsewhere I had better have it done. But it appears to me that all the","[part of end of letter appears on this page]","be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you. probabilities are in favor of getting it done cheaper in by Mr. Criss than I could get it done abroad from Clarksburg. I have not been able to ascertain the cost of railing for you but intend writing to Phil. about it. The railing around Ellie's grave was about one dollar and a half per foot.","Maggie left for Phil. last Saturday. I received a letter from Wirt in which he expresses his probable intention of going West again and I understand from his language that he means California; as he speaks of going over the plains or some such phraseology. I have been trying to find his letter but have not succeeded at this time. I fear that I will not get to Beverly this summer as I am very anxious to go direct to Washington City, \u0026 begin my work of finding out and locating land and as I may have much to do in the West in endeavoring to find out the best land ","[end of letter in margins of page 1 and 2]","all my time may be absorbed but I hope not, and trust that I shall get through in time to visit you.","Let me hear from you soon. I hope that Thomas has received my letter.","Your much attached brother, \nThomas","We have had a great revival of religion here.","Lexington \nMay 19th/56","My Dear Aunt, \nYou may ere this have wondered at my long silence. And it has not resulted from not having thought of you, but this year like the past has been much occupied with my professional duties and I have not yet finished a new book which I am teaching this year on astronomy. But by the way I think that you are a letter in my debt. But with those I love I don't wish to stand on formalities, and you see from the size of my paper that you are not to be troubled with a long epistle.","And you are probably by this time beginning to think that he has not much to say or else he would commence setting about it. But such is not the case, for we have such an outpouring of the Spirit of God in our churches here as I never remember of having seen elsewhere. Your branch of the church has recently been increased though I can not say how much. The Episcopal church about a week since took in nearly twenty five and from present appearances I suppose that about fifty will join the Presbyterian church in a few days when we are to have our commission. The Baptist church is also being blest, and I think that we may reasonably expect more than one hundred from this revival. I feel very thankful to God for such divine blessings.","I wish that Laura was here. I want you dear Aunt to make her one of the number for whom you regularly pray. What answer did she give you in regard to your very kind and Christian letter to her. Pray that the Glorious work of grace here may go on. Laura appears to be blest with unusual good health this summer. I wrote to Wirt sometime since a letter of very plain talk about the same that I wrote to you in regard to him. It was the result of a letter which he wrote to me. I thought that in reply I had better be plain even though he should take offence. For he would then see that I only wish to have business transactions with persons who were entirely reliable. Please give much love to Uncle \u0026 to all the family. Remember that I attach unusual importance to your letters.","Your affectionate nephew \nThomas","June 6th 1856","My Dear Sister \nYour letter came safely. And I begin my reply now though I shall not mail it until Monday. As yet I have not heard from Phil. in regard to the railing, but I may do so by the time of forwarding this. In regard to the tomb stones, I wish as soon as you receive an answer in reference to them, and shall have determined on the price \u0026 the time that they are to be put up you would let me know because in the event of their being put up before September I must make my arrangements before starting West. And I wish to know the amount as I desire to employ all of my spare funds in the purchase of lands. Doctor Bosworth will pay you fifteen dollars for me, in return for money which he wrote to me to give his son John this coming summer, but it will not be due until sometime in July as he proposed returning it to me in Beverly this summer supposing that I would visit Beverly. And if the man comes to Beverly as I suppose he does from his furnishing stones for Cousin John's grave, had I not better send the money to you and get you to pay him, getting Cousin Criss to see that he does the work properly. I expect Col. Augustus Smith here this month from Clarksburg and if you can't arrange the matter otherwise, I may be able to arrange it through him.","In reference to Wirt, I am interested in his welfare and had he followed my advice I feel that he would most certainly have been benefited by it. I wrote to him not long since in answer to a letter from him. Ask Mr. Arnold if there is anything which I can do for him this summer in the way of locating land warrants or otherwise. Tell him that my present purpose is to go to Washington from here and after finding out all that I can there in reference to Western lands, to pass into Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and probably Arkansas and say to him that I design following out Transcript\nhis idea of locating some land in a Northern state, but that I am a little afraid to put much there for fear that in the event of dissolution of the Union, that the property of Southerners may be confiscated. I want to locate about three thousand acres, maybe a little more, and if I can please myself will probably put down about one half of it in a Northern state. I would be thankful for suggestions from Mr. Arnold if he has any to make. As yet I have not purchased \nThis is Monday afternoon and no news as yet in regard to the railing by my next letter you may expect to hear about the cost.","Remember me very kindly to all the family. I hope that Thomas is doing well in his Latin and English grammar.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI sail in the steam ship Asia for Europe at 12 o'clock today for Liverpool. The reasons for doing so I will give in my next. I gave John Bosworth an order on the Lexington book for thirty dollars and requested that the money should be returned to you. This will do for Father's and sister's graves. Don't ask Mr. Arnold for any money, but if you have not ten dollars to pay Jim Dix [?] for Brother Warren's, you may expect me to advance it when I return next fall.","Much love to all","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Ship Asia at Sea \nJuly 18th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou have doubtless been surprised at my sudden leaving for Europe instead of going West to purchase or locate land. You may remember that in 1851 I had a nine months leave of absence for the purpose of visiting Europe, but that Col. Smith induced me to relinquish the idea for the time, holding out to me an opportunity at some future time, and that I accordingly did postpone my comtemplate[d] trip.","This year as the time for going West drew near, I became more and more discouraged in regard to investing money in such distant lands, and a gentleman with whom I conversed and who has had much experience told me that he did not think it a safe and profitable investment. Another friend told me that he had come very near losing a part of his, in consequence of his being so far off as to interfere with his giving sufficient attention to it. And I have rather concluded to keep my money invested in stocks of different kinds and thus get my dividends regularly and trust to the blessing of Providence for gradually increasing my worldly goods.","Thus circumstanced I a few days before starting concluded that an opportunity was now offered of going to Europe which would probably never again be presented to me. What should I do with the two months this before me was a question which I did not know how to solve satisfactorily. You are a very kind and affectionate sister. Yet even with you I would be reminded of the loss of that happiness which I once enjoyed with Dear Ellie. So I have to some extent torn myself away from that state of mind which I feared should my summer have been passed at home or in the W. States.","I hope that you will be able to get up the tomb stones by the aid of thirty dollars from Dr. Bosworth. But don't ask anything of Mr. A and when I return I will let you have what ever may be wanting should you not be able to get along with what you have.","I expect to visit Liverpool, London, Paris, Genoa, Florence, Pisa, Rome, Naples, Brussels, Antwerp, Edinburgh, and some other points of interest. I wish you would write me a letter to N.Y. City during the first week of October. Remember me very kindly to Mr. A. and to all the family. Kindest regards to all inquiring relatives.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Naples \nSept 9th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nYou must excuse my long silence as I have been much pressed for time, and now barely hasten to drop you a line.","Since landing at Liverpool I have been at Glasgow, Sterling Castle \u0026 Edinburgh Scotland, York, London \u0026 other places in England; Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo \u0026 other places in Belgium. Since then I have passed through Aix La Chapellr, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main,[? going] ascended the Rhine.","From Frankfort I proceeded to Heidelberg and thence on to Baden Baden in Germany, Strasbourg in France, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Geneva \u0026 the city of Geneva in Switzerland, and so on to the great ice berg called Mer de Glas that is sea of ice. I continued in Switzerland for about a week and crossed the Alps by the Simplon Pass as it is called through which Napoleon entered Italy. The scenery of Switzerland is very grand.","Upon entering Italy I passed on through the cities of Milan, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn and finally to this place. With Venice, Florence and Naples I have been very much gratified. I was at the volcano of Vesuvius last Friday and went about half way down one of the active craters. The scene was truly grand this evening. I leave for Rome. Much love to all.","Your much attached brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nOct. 25th 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI forwarded to you after returning home a few lines, and with pleasure now appropriate a few minutes to say where I have been during my absence. As to telling what I saw a volume of several hundred pages would be required, but should I ever be permitted to see you I trust that I will be able to pass several hours in narrating my travels.  I was unable to come through Beverly and see you. I was several days later returning home than I had designed.","After reaching Liverpool I passed town to the old town of Chester and then out to the Residence of the Marquis of Westminster. His house is called Eaton Hall. Afterwards I returned to Liverpool and preceded North into Scotland passing through Glasgow, Sterling and Edinburgh. After leaving Edinburgh I returned to England visiting York, the residence of Oliver Cromwell, the University of Cambridge \u0026 London city. I took a steamboat to the continent landing at Antwerp and passing on to Brussels, Waterloo, Aix la Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Coblentz, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Basle, Lakes Lucerne, Brienze, Thun, Berne, Freiburg, [illegible], Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas (sea of ice) over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass. Milan, Verona, Venice, Mantua, Modena, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Naples, Rome, Genoa, Marseilles, Lyons, Paris, Calais, London, Liverpool, N. York, home.","I could talk to you with much pleasure about the very many things of much interest. Tell Thomas that I intend answering his letter in a few days. I am much gratified that you are putting up the grave stones. Should you want any more funds let me know. I found two letters from Wirt waiting for me at home. I will send him a check for thirty dollars if I can get one on N. York for that amount.","[end of letter in bottom margin page 1]","Much love to all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington,Va. \nOct. 27th 1856","My very dear Aunt, \nIt is with pleasure that God again permits me to write to you from my adopted home. Your kindness and that of Uncle has not been forgotten but when you hear where I was during my short absence you will not be surprised at not hearing from me, as my time was even too short to see well what came within the range of my journey. After leaving Liverpool, I passed to Chester \u0026 Eaton Hall and from thence returning I visited Glasgow Lochs Lomond \u0026 [Katrine] Sterling Castle. Edinburgh, York, London, Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Aix La Chapelle, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidelberg, Baden Baden, Freiberg, Geneva, Mer de Glas, over the Alps, through the Simplon Pass, Naples, Rome, Marseilles, Paris, London, Liverpool, home.","I would like to have a long talk with you all about the many interesting things which came under my observation, but must forgoe the pleasure for the present and to attempt to write about it would be unsatisfactory as a long letter would hardly touch upon the subject. You were doubtless surprised at my sudden determination not to go west but to go to the \"Old World.\" My friends discouraged me so much that about the time that I had contemplated starting as induced me not to go and as my summer was then left unappropriated it appeared as Providence had opened the way for my long contemplated visit and I am much gratified at having gone.","I have determined to send by the next mail a check to Wirt for thirty dollars and as I have not been able to get a check on N.Y. from any bank I have shall send one signed by myself on the person with whom my money is deposited. Should Wirt not be able to pass it, I have requested him to send it to Uncle Alfred hoping that Uncle will be able to get the Parkersburg bank to give a check in exchange. Should Uncle not be able to do so, please return it to me and I will write on to N. York and get a bill or check of deposit if necessary. I hope that their will be no occasion of forwarding it to Uncle. Give much love to uncle and to all the Family and remember that I am always glad to hear from you.","Your affectionate nephew, Thomas.","Lexington,Va. \nDec. 1st 1856","My dear Nephew, \nThanks for your letter. I am glad that your teacher has come on and that you are hard studying amo and that you came off so well at the exhibition and I trust that by the time I get to see you that you will know a great deal about Latin and those books which you have just purchased. Remember that this is the 1st day of Winter and that cold weather is the best time for study, and also the best time for taking much exercise and that the harder one studies, the more exercise he should take for it gives him a clear head and a healthy body.","I am much obliged to you all for sending those daguerreotypes \u0026 the sugar egg. I shall have much to talk about when we meet of the find paintings \u0026 sculpture, and beautiful countries through which I passed last summer. Tell Mr. Thomas when you have an opportunity that Mr. Lyle is much better and that he can walk about some in his room. And does your Pa like the new President Mr. Buch {Buchanan}.","While I was gone I saw some funny things too as well as pretty ones. I remember seeing in England in a town called Chester about 98 miles from Liverpool which I will mention presently as soon as I tell you that Chester is a town with a wall around it, and it and the city of York are about the only cities in England that are still walled and that the York walls are more recent than those of Chester and hence not so interesting as they don't tell us so much about the ancient Britons. It appears that the walls of Chester were built by the Britons in order to protect themselves from the Welsh who lived a little West of Chester. But now for that funny thing and what so you think it was. Well I went into their largest church (called a Cathedral) which once belonged to the Roman Catholics and there among many other things I saw a representation of the Devil in the shape of him swallowing a man feet foremost.","I never knew before that Old Nick lived on men and I saw some other things which I would like to talk to you about.","Write to me soon. Give much love to your Pa, Ma, to Grace \u0026 Stark and remember me to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 6, 1856","My Dear Sister, \nI am glad to learn that you have secured a teacher \u0026 that she has been with you for some time, and I hope that she is such as you desire she should be. We have just been listening in our village to a series of lectures by Mr. O.P. Baldwin of Richmond. They were 4 in no., viz. \"Better time coming,\" \"Humbugs,\" \"Spirit Rappings,\" \u0026 \"Yankees \u0026 Southerners.\" As you may judge from their names they were more amusing than instructive. I heard the first three.","You would probably like to hear a little of my whereabouts during the past summer and I purpose on giving you a kind of journal should you so desire me. But should you get tired at any time just let me know. I believe that I said something to you in my last, but as I failed to take a note of my stopping points I shall again commence at Liverpool.","Leaving Liverpool the same day of my landing I proceeded to the city of Chester which is about 18 miles from Liverpool and on entering the Hotel was met by a lady instead of a landlord as I had been accustomed in at home, and she wished to know whether I would have a room \u0026 After having secured my quarters I proceeded to the Cathedral, which is a large edifice formerly occupied by the Roman Catholics. At the door I was met by a man who upon learning where I was from inquired after the Fairfax family stating that the representative of that house lived in America and that he was entitled to the succession. It was about the hour of evening service. They have 2 services there per day and this was about 4 o'clock P.M.","He turned me over to the sexton who showed me to a seat upon the condition that I should not leave it until after the service was over. After service he showed me through the building which was quite interesting. Among other things were the seats for the friars or monks which were so constructed that should they become drowsy \u0026 forgetful of their duty, their seats suddenly dropt them on the floor \u0026 recalled their wandering thoughts. I walked around the wall and saw the tower on which King Charles the 1st stood \u0026 saw the defeat of his army at Routen Moor.","Much love to all the family \u0026 kind regards to all inquiring friends.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby. 26, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nYour letter of the 8th came safely. I regret that you should have been the loser of so many teeth. I don't like the idea of you being toothless, but as you say another set can be furnished by the dentist.","I received a letter from Aunt Clem requesting me to lend Uncle Alfred two or four hundred dollars for Wirt to buy stock to drive to California. I did not have the money and even if I had should not have lent it for one reason among others is that if Wirt goes to California, he will probably throw himself away or be ruined.","I have recently heard from him and he asks me to lend him thirty dollars but says nothing about going to C. I think that next month when our bank gets in operation that I will send him thirty dollars. I am unable to say whether I will first visit Beverly or North Carolina.","Our winter has been very severe, but for near a fortnight we have had beautiful weather. The aspen is in bloom the and weeping willow is beginning to look green. I am still at Dr. Junkin's.","Tell Miss Eliza that if I should bring her a beau that she must not tell on me lest the old bachelors about Beverly should mob me for trampling on their toes.","I infer from your letter that I was when I dropped my narrative at the Cathedral of Chester. After leaving Chester I passed to a beautiful estate of an English nobleman by the name of the Marquis of Westminster; he lives about three miles from the city, but after driving about half a mile I came to a beautiful gateway somewhat resembling the front of a fine building. Here the porter who had charge of it admitted me and I drove through a park containing about 1800 [or 1900] deer, the race course on which he tries his horses, etc. the fences being made of iron and the grounds containing a variety of luxuriant trees. After passing on thus for near 2 ½ miles, I came to a magnificent palace covered with pinnacles. Here after ringing the bell a servant of quite a gentlemanly appearance came to the door and admitted me by my giving him my ticket of admission which I had procured before leaving Chester. The interior of the building is magnificent. One of the rooms is copied from the celebrated Alhambra of Granada in Spain which was built by the Moors.","Do you wish me to send you the old clothes of which you spoke next summer. As they are not worth much the cost of transportation may cost more than they are worth. If you wish them sent let me know in your next. Much love to all.","Your brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va.","My Dear Sister, \nI don't know whether you have yet returned from your visit to Aunt's but I will write to you now, as I have the time and might not have so much leisure in a few days hence and I will begin by stating that I have an invitation for you, and what do you think it is? \u0026 who from? For it is not often that I am authorized to send you invitations and especially pressing ones and I suppose you will begin to think or may think well what does he mean? Why doesn't he tell me at once \u0026 be done with it. ","Well you see I have finished \u0026 hope I am done with the first page of my letter \u0026 am running on at a tremendous rate, so that if I don't tell you soon, you will hardly get it all from this sheet. Well now having cultivated your patience a little as all women are said to have curiosity I will tell you that Miss Mary Anna Morrison, a friend of mine in the Western part of N. Carolina and in the Southern part of the State, is engaged to be married to an acquaintance of yours living in this village \u0026 she has requested me to urge you to attend her wedding in July next. To use her own words she says \"I hope your sister will come. You must urge her to do so. I should be very glad if she could come.\" The wedding is not to be large. I told her that I would give the invitation \u0026 having done so, feel that I am free from all further responsibility in the matter. I told her that I didn't think that you would be able to accept it, and if you can't just let me know in your next \u0026 transfer the invitation to your humble servant, and he will not decline, for he is very anxious to go as he is much interested in the ceremony \u0026 the occasion \u0026 the young lady is a very special friend of mine.","I hope that you have had a very pleasant trip to the River. I deposited in our bank a few days since twenty dollars \u0026 transferred the evidence of deposit to Wirt \u0026 forwarded it to him stating that he might expect more next July.","The present which you made Ellie was never made up, \u0026 if you can dispose of it in any way I think that I will send it to you when John Bosworth goes home for I suppose that Anna would feel some delicacy in having it made up. Our weather is beautiful at present \u0026 I suppose that spring will rapidly advance now.","Give much love to all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Rockbridge Alum Springs \nAug 11/ 57","My Dear Sister, \nSince my last we have visited Niagara, Saratoga \u0026 immediate places. As stated in my Richmond letter, I had expected to proceed from that point to your house, but an enlargement of one of the glands of Anna's neck induced me to consult a physician, \u0026 my concern was so great as to induce me to take her to Philadelphia where she consulted a Doctor Jackson of the University, \u0026 he was unable to decide as to the true character of the case. But whilst there, I met with Dr. Graham of Lexington in whom I have great confidence, \u0026 he advised me to bring her here after making a short tour.","We reached here last Wednesday evening and the enlargement has apparently diminished considerably since that time. We expect to remain here till near the close of my vacation \u0026 then return to Lexington. I regret that we have been unable to visit you this summer but I felt that under the circumstances it was my duty to make Anna's health the first object of concern. In coming from Staunton here I fell in with Cousin [Flo?] \u0026 her little boy on their way to the Healing Springs. Let me hear from you soon \u0026 if you can write before the 25th of this month, direct to this place, otherwise direct to Lexington. Give love to all. Anna joins me in love to you.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nNov. 1, 1857","My Dear Sister, \nAgain I am blessed with the privilege of communing with you. My duties are ended for the week, I may say, as in my department there will be no more recitations this week. But at 4 o'clock the Faculty have a weekly meeting at the Superintendent's.","Through the continued blessings of Providence, my health continues to improve. At present, I suffer more with cold feet than anything else. I have been accustomed to bathing them in cold water; but they have cracked open so much as to render the discontinuance of it necessary. I have an invitation to a party this evening, but must decline going. The citizens of this place are such as I admire.","I have tried on my shirts and they fit very well with the exception of the collars which are not long enough in the band. Accept of my thanks for the present. How are Thos. and the family.","I hope to see you next summer. I had a pleasant time at the Springs, but only visited the Rockbridge Alum, the Bath Alum and the Warm Springs. I saw the blowing cave: it is a remarkable curiosity. There is at one time a strong current of air rushing out and at another time, a strong current rushing in. There has never been but one mouth found to the cave. It is in Bath county and about eight miles from the Bath Alum Springs. My love to all.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDecember 19/57","My Dear Sister, \nYou have probably been expecting a letter from me for some days. Owing to an inflammation of the tube leading to the ear and also inflammation of the throat (chronic) and very painful neuralgia, I have been constrained to give up my correspondence for a while. I never remember having suffered so much as within the last three weeks, and now I am compelled to use a vial of chloroform liniment per day externally and am also using a preparation of ammonia. The hearing of my right ear is impaired, but I trust not permanently. I have continued to attend to my recitations, notwithstanding my suffering. In a few days I hope to be free from pain.","The eye medicine helped me for a while I think but I can't say that I have been permanently benefited, and I would advise you not to try the medicine.","Anna is quite robust again. She joins me in love to you all. I wrote to Wirt, advising him to go to some active occupation and to read standard books and thus endeavor to apply his knowledge of grammar and become thus acquainted acquainted with the construction of the language- use is of great importance. His knowledge of the grammar considering the time he has given to it is discouraging. To keep him at school with such little progress is pretty much throwing away the money and time.","Let me hear from you soon.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 8th, 1858","My Dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter of last week reached me this morning and I am rejoiced to learn that you are so much concerned about \"the one thing needful.\" I have never believed that you would be lost. I have borne in mind that our sainted mother's prayers would not be forgotten by our Heavenly Father. Though dead, her prayers, I trusted would be precious in the sight of the Lord.","You wish to know how to come to God; so as to have your sins forgiven, and to receive \"the inheritance which is incorruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away.\" Now my dear sister the way is plain: the savior says in Mark XVI chapter, 16th verse \"He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved.\" But you may ask what is it to believe. To explain this I will quote from an able theologian, and devoted servant of God. To believe in the sense in which the word is used here, \"is feeling and acting as if there were a God, a Heaven, a Hell; as if we were sinners and must die; as if we deserve eternal death, and were in danger of it. And in view of all, casting our eternal interests on the mercy of God in Christ Jesus. To do this is to be a Christian.\"","You speak of having done all that you know in order to be accepted: this is too apt to be our error. We must not depend on making ourselves holy: but just come to the Father, and ask him to forgive our sins for the sake of Jesus, and rely entirely on the merits of Christ for our prayer being answered. The Father loves the Son and for his sake pardons those who plead the Son's merits. We should never think of presenting any merits of our own for we are all sinners.","Do not trouble yourself too much about not having repented enough for your sins, for your letter shows that you have much concern about the subject. But let me advise you simply to do as God enabled me to do, that is, resolve to spend the remaining part of life in His service, to obey the teachings of the Bible until death, and to rely entirely on the mercy of God for being saved, and though the future looked dark, yet it has become very bright. Never despair, even old Christians have dark moments.","Never omit of pray at regular times. For years your salvation has been my daily prayer and shall continue so. Write to me often and tell me all your trials, that I may","Do not trouble yourself too much about Were it not for my throat, Anna \u0026 myself would like very much to pay you a visit this winter. My throat \u0026 the sale of a neighbors property next week are the two obstacles. Anna is anxious to go next [week?]. She joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington, VA. \nMay 1st/58","My Dear Brother \nWe have a little prodigy one day old this afternoon. She calls herself Mary Graham Jackson. Anna is doing very well, \u0026 joins me in love to yourself and sister Eugenia.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nMay 1st 1858","My dear sister, \nI am very much pressed with business, but I must drop you a line to say that yesterday God blessed us with a charming little daughter, and we have named her after Mrs. Morrison, Mary Graham.","My eyes have been troubling me much lately. I regret that you have had so much suffering, it appears to have resembled my attack. I am now using glycerine which is the essence of oil. I take it through the nostrils for the purpose of curing the inflammation at the entrance of the nasal tubes into the mouth and I find it of great service. God had blest its use to me very much. I tried caustic or nitrate of silver, but with much less effect. I hope that you will soon be well. I ascertained to day that I can get a copy of \"Silver Wood\" in town so you may expect one when Mr. Chenoweth goes home if not before.","Anna \u0026 the little one are both doing very well for which we are thankful to our Heavenly Father. I received a letter from Wirt a few days since. His health I think is just tolerable from what he says. I have been wanting to write to Thomas for some time \u0026 and hope to do so before long.","May the blessings of our Heavenly Father rest upon you richly is the prayer of your affectionate brother. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold.","Your brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nMay 22/58","My dear sister, \nYour welcome letter came safely, but finds our little daughter very ill of jaundice, and she may at any hour take her place among the redeemed in Paradise. Anna is doing well. My intention has \u0026 still is to visit you this summer, but I learned a lesson from last summer, not to make a promise for no one can tell what a day will bring forth, but I trust that if our little daughter lives that God will bless us all in a visit to see you \u0026 all the family. It seems like a long time since I was at your house. The children I suppose have grown much. Give my thanks to my darling little niece for her letter \u0026 tell her I expect to answer it in a few days. Give much love to all the children from myself \u0026 Anna. She joins me in love to you.","I received a letter from Wirt this morning stating that he is well but that he has lost his horse by his straying off, and that he wants me to forward him one hundred \u0026 five dollars N.Y. funds, which I want to try \u0026 do; though it will cost a premium here.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","My dear little Niece, \nYour very interesting letter reached me a short time before your sweet little cousin \u0026 my little daughter was called from this world of sin, to enjoy the Heavenly happiness of Paradise. She died of Jaundice on the 25th of April.  [Jackson's error-- the baby died on May 25] Whilst your Aunt Anna and myself feel our loss, yet we know that God has taken her away in love. Jesus says \"suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of Heaven.\" Did you ever think my dear Grace that the most persons who have died and gone to Heaven are little children. Your aunt is doing very well, she is out visiting.","We hope to go \u0026 see you all this summer, but my health is so delicate, that I am disposed to go North first. I think this will give us more time to stay with you. Should we go to see you first I may have to hasten on North without staying more than two or three days.","I wish your would write to me at once and let me know which you would rather I should do. I hope that you have enjoyed your school and your vacation both very much. Remember your aunt \u0026 uncle to your Father, Mother, Thomas \u0026 Stark, and accept much love for yourself.","Your affectionate uncle, \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nJune 7th/58","Dear Sir, \nIn compliance with your request I proceed to give you a statement respecting the condition of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School. But in doing so, I feel it unnecessary to say more than a few words, as you are already acquainted with its leading features. The school is usually opened by singing part of a hymn, which should be announced the previous Sabbath. This is followed by reading one or more verses from the Bible, with explanations \u0026 applications; this is succeeded by prayer. After this each class is instructed by its teacher from the Bible, catechism and hymn book. At the close  of the school which is near forty five minutes from the opening, there is a public examination on two verses of the child catechism, published by our Board. These verses should be announced the previous Sabbath. After the close of the examination, the school is dismissed, the remaining part of the opening hymn having been sung immediately after the examination.","The system of reward you are acquainted with, and the premiums so far have been near a dozen Testaments and one Bible. The day of their presentation is the first Sabbath of each month. Several scholars are studying the shorter catechism at the present time. Each teacher keeps a class book in which is noted each scholar's department in school. The lesson should be taught one Sabbath, with a view to examination \u0026 mark on the next. Each teacher at the close of the month give me a circular (blanks having been furnished) exhibiting for each scholar the manner in which the lesson has been prepared, the conduct in school, no. of lates, absences. From these circulars, I make a monthly entry in the record book, which contains not only the no. of lates \u0026 absences, but also the names of the teachers, scholars, owners, persons with whom the scholars are living, the lates \u0026 absences of teachers, and a weekly record of the proceedings of the school. By reference to the record book, I find 91 to be the no. of scholars there reported.","Praying that the S. school convention may be a great blessing to the cause \u0026 to yourself I remain your attached friend.","T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va. \nJune 19th 1858","My dear Sister, \nYour letter \u0026 that of Grace reached me this morning and for a while I thought that I might be able to visit you previous to going North, but after more maturely considering my case, \u0026 all the circumstances, I am disposed to think that I had better go North first. My disease is not understood by my physicians here and I have nearly if not entirely lost my hearing in the right ear \u0026 my left ear is diseased, and my nose is internally affected. The first thing it appears to me should be to seek relief if it is to be had.","Write to me to N.Y. City, and tell Tom and Grace that they must write to me this summer also, as soon as I let you all know where my letters will reach me after leaving N.Y. City. Tell Grace that I am much obliged to her for her letter, and that she may expect me to answer  it before a great while. As to Thomas' examination, I think Mr. Thomas can judge better of his qualifications than myself, though I wish that I could be with you all before his teacher leaves. I hope to be with you in the latter part of August.","I forwarded a check to Wirt for one hundred \u0026 five dollars on N.J. I had to pay a premium of one per cent for it and urged him to refund the money on the first of Sept. according to promise. If I had known that he had found his horse, I don't know that I should have sent him so much. I have need of all the money that I can command. When you write to him, tell him that he had better sell me one of his horses.","Anna joins me in much love to you \u0026 the children. Remember me to Mr. Thomas \u0026 his lady \u0026 to all enquiring friends.","Your affec. brother, \nThomas","New York City \nJuly 21st, 1858","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but have been prevented. I am now under the care of a physician by the name of Carnochan who is one of the professors in a medical college here. I hope that I am improving, but do not know how long I will remain here. Probably ten days longer, afterwards I expect to start on my visit  to you but will delay sometime on the way I expect in Philadelphia, Baltimore, the Glades.","Your Aunt Anna is quite well and we are seeing many pretty things here. Give my love and your Aunt's to all the family, and write to me as soon as you receive this. Direct your letter to New York City.","Your affectionate Uncle, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nOct. 23d, 1858","My dear sister, \nYour letter of the 19th inst. reached me this morning. Thomas reached here as you expected on last Saturday and has been a very good boy and we are all much pleased with him. He commenced going to school on Tuesday last to Mr. McFarland \u0026 is studying the English \u0026 Latin languages. His teacher wishes him to study arithmetic also, but I am unwilling for him to undertake any more at present, until I see what success will attend his present studies \u0026 also what kind of health he will have. I don't wish him to go over any thing without his understanding it thoroughly \u0026 hence he must not have too much to study. I regard it as a great error to require a child to study what his mind is not capable of appreciating. The tendency is to diminish his fondness for study, to give him a vague way of thinking (since he is not accustomed to see the precise points) \u0026 by overtasking the mind his health both of body \u0026 mind are endangered. I have been much gratified as seeing Thomas' mind so good; it has improved very much since I last saw him \u0026 I think it is partly due to the light course of studies which he has been pursuing.","I will attend to the directions of your letter \u0026 I am glad to see that your views with regard to Thomas' education \u0026 my views on the same subject are so much alike. I don't think that Thomas will get much home sick. I regret that I have not got some occupation for him \u0026 also regret not having some good companion for him to always associate with. I wrote to you about pocket money for him, but as I stated that probably he had reserved enough for that purpose, so I find such to be the case, as he since gave me three dollars to keep for him. Should you send him any clothes at any time, I would not send them of the same style as those he wears, as they are not worn here by boys as large as himself. I find that his dress makes him too marked, I will get him a suit, better adapted to his age.","My greatest concern about him is his eating. When he first came, he would use neither milk nor coffee, since then he drinks a little coffee; but I am a little afraid of his doing so, as he has not been accustomed he says to its use. I don't wish him to change his home habits in any respect unless there is necessity for so doing. I wish you would let me know how he lived at home. He gets his lessons well. Anna joins me in love to yourself \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas","Lexington Va. \nApril 11, 1859","Sir, \nFrom your letter of the 31 ult. I am gratified to learn that you contemplate making a European tour. You request me to send you a copy of my notes of travel. Should I do so, I fear that they would be of but little service to you as they are not sufficiently full to give you much information. Even with my recollection of places, etc. to aid me, I am not always able to make out the sense. And instead of giving you incoherent suggestions, I have thought best to glance over my notes, and send you such information as I think will be valuable. And in doing so, I would recommend you to purchase a note book before sailing, and if time will permit to keep a satisfactory journal beginning with the first day and closing with the returning one of your tour.","As soon as you reach Liverpool purchase guide books of such countries as you design visiting. If you have time to see things leisurely, don't employ guides. Leaving L. visit Chester and drive out to Eaton Hall, which is a fine specimen of an English nobleman's estate; it belongs to the Marquis of Westminster, said by some to be the wealthiest man in England. If you have time after returning to C. take the cars and visit the great Tubular bridge, and pass over to Ireland for a few days. Should you go to I. be sure if you should pass near Parsonstown, to see the great Ross telescope, and whilst there, ask for its magnifying power, and please inform me of it. Returning to Liverpool visit the following places Glasgow, Dunbarton Castle, Loch Loman, Loch Catrine, Sterling Castle, Edinborough, York, Cambridge, London, Antwerp, Waterloo. Pass through Brussells on your way to and also on your return from Waterloo. Leaving B. visit Aix La Chappel, Cologne, Bonn, Frankfort on the Main, Heidleburg, Baden Baden, Strasburg, Baste, Lakes Lucern, Brienz \u0026 Thun. Stop for at least one day at Interlaken which is between lakes B. \u0026 T. Visit Berne, Freiberg, Lake Geneva, Geneva, Mer de Glas. From Martigny, cross the Alps by the Simplon Pass into Italy. Visit Lakes Como \u0026 Majora. Visit Milan, Verona, Venice, Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, Rome, Naples, Genoa, Turin, Paris.","I have given you the tour I should take above all others, if I did not have time for a more extensive one. It differs a little from the one taken by me. I did not see the Tubular Bridge nor visit Ireland. And instead of visiting Turin I hastened to Paris by the steamer from Genoa. Knowing the stopping points you can post yourself up on your guide book in advance.","In York observe the organ especially. In Antwerp note Reubens' paintings. In Heid. observe the castle. In Strasburg is the wonderful clock. In Feiberg is one of the best organs in the world. At Verona is the most perfect amphitheater in the world. You may find it more pleasant to visit Naples before Rome. You will fine Genoa probably the most beautiful of all the cities in consequence of its elevation being such as to present its different parts distinctly to the eye when viewed from the harbor. I omitted calling your attention to the Museum in Antwerp.","In Venice, nearly every thing of interest except its canals are on St. Mark's square. In Florence give yourself plenty of time to visit frequently the statuary in the room called the Tribuna. Study the original works of art with which you may meet in Antwerp, Florence, Rome, etc. and when you reach Paris you will see a miniature of all, serving to refresh your memory but not calling for examinations, as you have already seen the originals. In P. you should give attention to the externals, visit the neighboring Royal residences, etc.","Of course you will pass some time in London and visit the Parks, Westminster Abbey a number of times. I hope that you may be able to make the tour and that you may realize more than you even anticipate","I would be glad to hear from you during your absence \u0026 after your return. Things are here in much the same routine as when you left.","Yours truly, T. J. Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 9th, 1859","My dear sister \nI omitted in my last to answer your question as to when I design visiting Beverly. I hope to do so in July; but you must not give yourself any trouble about the vegetables you spoke of; as I am through the blessing of our Heavenly Father enabled now to live on most any thing. Don't get brown bread for me as I have ceased to use it. But when I drop in, I will just eat such things as are convenient.","I heard from Anna on Saturday, she says that she is learning to take things more philosophically. She says that the Dr. Sill finds some inflammation, she is to remain there until the inflammation entirely subsides. She sends love to you. Thomas was very anxious to go with his teacher \u0026 a number of the scholars to the Peaks of Otter; but I felt it was too much responsibility for me to take to let him go. Some of the boys might have guns with them \u0026 some accident might occur to him \u0026 furthermore I didn't know how much it might cost him; as they would be gone several days. Accordingly he remains at home \u0026 I hope that he will make considerable progress in Spanish. In consequence of the irritation of my throat, I have not been hearing him much in the last few days. But he is far enough advanced not to study considerably by himself. I hope to have a fine supply of vegetables for you when you come. You must try \u0026 bring some other members of the family with you.","Give much love to the children. Thomas is well.","Your affec. brother, Thomas.","White Sulphur Springs \nAugust 13, 1859","My dear Sister \nThe inflammation or irritation of my throat passed down so low as to make me afraid to let Dr. Green treat me \u0026 consequently I gave up the idea of going to him so long as it remains so low; it appears to be about the collar bone. But whilst I was unwilling to let the Dr. treat me I concluded that I would visit this place \u0026 try to get my liver right; as I was disposed to think that the state of the throat depended on that of the liver. After you left, my liver apparently became much deranged. I reached this place on Thursday last \u0026 I feel improved. It appears to me that smoking mullein has been of great benefit to me. I am fearful that I will not be an herbal remedy used for respiratory ailments able to visit you this summer \u0026 I feel it greatly.","I left Anna at the Rockbridge Baths, her health has not been so good since you left and as the Baths are celebrated for such afflictions as hers I trust that she will be improved by their use. This evening I received a letter from her stating that after bathing she had internal heat \u0026 that she was fearful that the bathing was not good for her \u0026 that if she found it not to be so that she would return home in a few days. There are about 1000 persons here at present.","I hope that I may be able to visit you, notwithstanding the present aspect of things, but don't expect me unless you hear of my coming by another letter.","I hope that your health has improved. Give my love to all. Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nAug 27th, 1859","My dear Sister \nI returned last Tuesday evening from the White Sulphur Springs, and under the blessing of Providence my health had much improved, and if I only had a week more before the commencing of the session I would visit you but I would barely have had time to ride to your house and back, which would not have answered our purpose as my desire is to make a visit. But I hope that in November I will be with you. The first visit that I pay is to be with you. I feel that a disordered liver had probably much to do with my affected throat and if I can only keep the secretions right, I hope that my throat will soon be well.","Anna's health I fear has not improved much locally, though she gained some flesh during her stay at the Baths. Maj. Preston has just returned, and given me an account of you all. I am much gratified that Mr. Arnold invited him to stay with you. I regret that Mr. Arnold's arm continues to trouble him. I trust that you will succeed in securing a competent teacher for the children. Tell them that their aunt \u0026 I were wishing this week that we could see them.","Sulphur water appears to suit my disease better than any other remedy which I have met with, and yesterday evening Anna \u0026 myself took a ride to one of these springs about 8 miles from town. I never knew of its existence until within a few weeks. The water is very pleasant yet very weak and I fear not of much benefit.","I send you by the same mail with this letter one of our catalogues. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","Home \nSept. 13th, 1859","My dear Sister \nYour last reached me safely and Anna delivered the articles to the servant according to your request. I regret to learn that your health continues so infirm. I am with yourself glad that you visited us last summer with the children, and hope that you may be spared to visit us again, and I hope that at your next visit we may be able to make you more comfortable than you were at your last.","Anna's health has become such as to render it necessary to send her to a physician \u0026 she left last Friday for Hampden Sidney to be under the care of Dr. Watkins.","According to your request I send Thomas' account. Look at his book and see if he got anything after the last of June. The account only extends to the end of June and he may have procured things from the store after that time. I had occasion to see Lyell Wilson's account since then \u0026 he had me charged with a pass book got by Thomas in the 1st of July. This made me think that he might have got other things elsewhere. But if he didn't get anything else, don't take notice of the book, as it was only a trifle.","Give my love to Mr. A \u0026 to all the children.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","I fear that I will not get to see you in Nov. But my first visit as I said before is to you. May our kind Heavenly Father bless you richly is my constantly repeated prayer.","1858 \nEnglish Grammar.50 \nCopy Books .25 \nBlank book \u0026 sponge .18 3/4 \nPaper \u0026 envelopes .25 \nBox pencil lead, paper \u0026 envels. .50 \nFor Fair \u0026 Christmas 1.00 \nMiss Howard for two months \u0026 1 week washing 1.68 \nMr. McFarland 17.00 \nMiss L. S. Graham 37.50","1859 \nOdd Fellows supper .25 Lecture at Chapel .25 57.43 \n[illegible] .25 \nNegro for mending shoe .25 \nVisit Nat. Bridge .50 \nMcFarland 17.00 \nNot included in store accounts 77.36 3/4 \n6 months Board \u0026 washing 72.00 \n149.36 3/4","Store account \n40.46 3/4 \n189.83 1/2 \nCredits 113.00 \nBalance due 76.83","Home \nOctober 31, 1859","My dear Sister \nLast week I mailed a letter to Mr. Arnold requesting him to visit me and [illegible] other inducements told him that we were to have a county agricultural Fair, but didn't mention the day, as I had not yet ascertained it; but it is to be on the 23 of this month. Urge Mr. Arnold to come if you think that he can do so safely; and during his stay, I will try \u0026 interest him in our schools \u0026 county, and see if he can be induced to locate here.","I found that the cadets designed being absent so short a time, that I concluded that I had better postpone my visit to you until next summer.","I feel that we are now greatly blessed with a good teacher for boys, he is the very man I think whom Thomas would do well under. We have a number of good schools for Grace \u0026 Stark. There is a gentleman in town who has a boy who has given him \u0026 his teacher much trouble \u0026 on Saturday he was speaking of Mr. Morgan (who is the teacher to whom I referred for Thomas) \u0026 he spoke of him in very high terms for the successful management of his boy \u0026 for the progress that his boy is making under his new teacher.","I heard from Anna on Saturday. She hoped to be at Hampden Sidney today. She feels much improved \u0026 is bringing Laura her youngest sister home with her. I hope that they will soon be here.","Let me hear from you soon \u0026 tell me  what Mr. A says. I felt it would be more prudent in me not to say anything in my letter about his moving here. I would like to see him first \u0026 thus have a better opportunity of judging how he could best be approached successfully on the subject. I desired to write to you two weeks ago but I thought that Mr. A. might suspect something from the frequency of our letters.","Love to all, and trust God unreservedly in all things is my sincere prayer.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nDec.12th/59","My dear Sister \nYour letter stating that you are teaching the children yourself has given me concern and I write this letter for the purpose of saying that you must never hesitate for a single moment about sending the children to me. I stated in my letter to you the conditions upon which I was ready to do for them what I could, because I felt it would prevent any disappointment to you \u0026 Mr. Arnold in the event of their coming, and I feel that I can make them comfortable \u0026 enable them to acquire a good education \u0026 to move in that sphere of life where I desire to see them move. Without a good education they must ever fall short of that position in life which they ought to occupy, and their early education consisting of spelling \u0026 reading is of great importance; if either is defective the education must necessarily be defective. But if insuperable objections lie in the way of getting a good teacher or of sending them abroad, don't give yourself anxiety but trust in our most kind \u0026 merciful Father who withholds no good thing from his children. I am very thankful to see you bear up under your trials with such Christian fortitude \u0026 as long as we lean on His almighty arm all shall be well.","I reached home on last Friday night about 3 o'clock in the morning. Anna is an invalid still, but I trust that better health is in store for her. My throat has been troubling me again in consequence of a cold contracted during my military excursion.","I am thankful to you for engaging the [illegible] but I don't know when I will be able to bring them home. You must give my love to Aunt \u0026 Uncle White. Remember me very kindly to Mr. Arnold. Anna joins me in love to the children. Should you see any of Mr. Chenoweth's friends say to them that I saw him today, \u0026 that he is well.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","...that carpeting is used for stairs instead of oil cloth. In regard to furniture I thought it best to consult you before making the purchases. As the furniture will last a life time it is best to be careful in pleasing ourselves although it may occasion delay. I purchased the oil cloth at once lest it might be sold, it is to be forwarded to Balt. directed to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Va. care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart, Jr. 320 Balt. St. Balt., M.D. I send the oil cloth as a present. As to the other articles, Rods etc. I can get the rods with concealed fastenings for $2.85 per dozen or I can get common rods with visible band fastenings for $2.20 per doz. The length of the rods is 30 inches but as you haven't the oil cloth you may not want the rods. Let me know \u0026 if the length is not right, tell me what length you desire.","If you can't get all the articles now, you can get the others if you desire at some other time as I can order them at any time by calling Madden's attention to them now. Let me hear from you soon and","[in pencil at top]\nIf you still wish the parlor lamp let me know what kind \u0026 what is to be burnt in it.","I will order the amount of your funds and I may be able to add some but my money matters are behind hand. I have been in debt ever since I purchased my house and have to constantly borrow from the bank in order to get along. Send your money as far as practicable in drafts on N. York for they charge a premium here for drafts \u0026 it is not safe to send bills by mail. I prefer paying the premium to running the risk. I also wish that you would write to the person from whom you purchased the draft which you sent me, \u0026 get him to procure you another as I have lost that one \u0026 when you get the draft send it to me. If I were you I would try to get along without the mattresses if possible and I would then get:","Bureau $25, wash stand $10, Tete a Tete1 $18, 4 quartets2 $5, Sofa $5, centre table $9, French bedstead $15. Total exclusive of boxing $87. Should you prefer the sofa instead of [lounge] \u0026 Tete a Tete the amount will be $3 less, \u0026 if you prefer the wash stand to match the Bureau \u0026 I would get it if my means justified, the amount will be $5 more.","[in another hand the words \"29 feet eight inches.\"]","Give my love to all. Your affec. brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va \nJany 28th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour last very welcome letter came safe to hand and I am glad that you have succeeded in procuring a teacher and I hope that the children will learn well under his instruction. I am glad to hear of Mr. Arnold's improved health \u0026 trust that it may continue to improve. Through the blessing of out Heavenly Father we have been spared from the small pox thus far; \u0026 I hope that we may entirely escape it. There are but few cases now amongst the whites; the servants have taken it; though it has not spread much.As soon as a servant takes the disease he is carried to the hospital and they appear to be greatly afraid of the disease in consequence of their being sent to the hospital in case of taking it.","I hope that Anna's health is improving, but very little throws her back again. I wrote to Aunt Clem a few days since. On my return from Harper's Ferry, I came through Richmond \u0026 saw Wm. L. Jackson \u0026 his wife, Jonathan [Bennet, Burnet] \u0026 his wife and Wm. E. Arnold, Ben Bassett, John Hoffman \u0026 other friends. I wish you would write to me when are the given names of Wm. L. Jackson's wife \u0026 Bennett's wife \u0026 what relation there is between them \u0026 us, and give me a letter full of such things; as I am asked from time to time what is the Relationship me \u0026 such persons. I think Mr. Arnold knows a good deal about the subject. For example I think he knows what were grandfather's brothers. I remember having a talk with him once on the subject \u0026 I found that he appeared better acquainted with such things than myself. Who was Dr. Edward Jackson?","Anna joins me in love to you all. I hope that your health is better than when you last wrote.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Home \nFebruary 25, 1860","My dear Niece \nI was much pleased to hear from your Mother's letter that her health and your Father's have been so good and to hear that you have so faithful a teacher; and as you can not always have him, I hope that you will do all you can in order to learn as much as possible whilst he is with you. And first of all I want you to learn to spell well; give particular attention to spelling; for I don't care how much you know about other things, if you don't spell well, you will be laughed at by educated people. I desire to see you have a good education, and the first step towards a good education, after learning the alphabet, is to learn to spell well. If a person commences reading before learning to spell well, he will not be apt to ever learn much more about spelling, because reading is more pleasant than spelling.","When I was young I committed the blunder of learning to read before I had learnt to spell well, and though I am now 36 years old, yet still I am mortified by my spelling words wrong; in writing this letter I have had to look in the Dictionary to see how a word was spelt and so I expect it will be all my life because I didn't give enough attention to my spelling when I was young. As your memory is better now than it may ever be, you can learn to spell more easily than when you become larger. When we are young we can recollect much better than when we are grown up.","I desire to see you an educated and accomplished lady, one that your Father and Mother will be justly proud of. After learning to spell very well then I want you to read histories, and travels and biographies, and such other books as will give you valuable information. I also hope that you will learn your Geography very well.","My Father and Mother died when I was very young, and I had to work for my living and education both; but your parents are both living and have given you a kind teacher and I trust that you will show them how thankful you are to them by studying hard. If you ever wish any information which I can give, you must ask me. I haven't written to your Mother for some time as I was afraid that I might send you the small pox, but I don't think that there is any danger now, as all are well here or about so.","I heard a student of Washington College make a beautiful speech on last Wednesday and as he is of the same name and county as your teacher, I expect that they are Relatives.","Give my love to all of the family \u0026 write to me soon. Your affectionate Uncle Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 16, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time, but have been prevented from doing so. I am sorry to learn that your eyes trouble you so much. I wish you would try the simple remedy of washing them with cold water, lifting the water to the face in both hands and washing the face until a little water gets into the eyes and they commence smarting. Do this at night just before going to bed, and again immediately after getting up. I hope that you are improving, and that Mr. Arnold is likewise. Anna is suffering from a very bad cold. She has been confined to her bed for nearly a week, but is up this afternoon.","I don't know how Mr. Arnold thinks Wm. L. Jackson would do for a judge, but if he would like to see him elected over Edmondson and can do anything for him I hope that he will do so. I thought that probably there might be some person or persons living near his Father's old place beyond Weston with whom he might have influence; if such is not the case, do not say anything about the subject to him and probably you had better say nothing anyway to him upon the subject. From what I have heard, Wm. will very probably be elected.","I hope that the children are all doing well. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affec. brother Thomas.","April 21/60","My Dear Sister \nI intended writing to you today but as Anna has done so, I will only say a few words \u0026 those with respect to Grace.  I have not mentioned the subject of Maj. Preston and I don't think it necessary to consult you upon the subject but if you still desire me to do so, let me know in your next letter and I will give you his opinion.","My mind is clear in making Grace familiar with the English grammar as soon as practicable; let her commence it at once.  Let her not only study the principles of the language, but require her to parse a great deal, so as to make her familiar with the application of the principles of the language.  Let all her studies be English until she should become a finished English scholar.  I don't attach much importance to Latin for females, it is of value to every educated person but mostly to professional men.  I am glad that Mr. A. is obtaining Mr. McCuchin.  You may expect another letter from me in a week or so.","Your affect. Brother \nThomas","[postscript in hand of Mary Anna Jackson] \nP. S. Maj. J. requests me to say to you that he will attend to any commissions for furniture in the North that you may wish - as ever your Anna","Home \nMay 1st/60","My dear Sister, \nTell Grace that I have received her letter \u0026 that I am glad to see her spelling so good. I will write to her in a few days \u0026 will send her the pattern desired. When ever you desire furniture from N.Y. let me know \u0026 I can order it from either of two establishments. One of them makes first class furniture, but I think that his prices are too high for you. I purchased nothing of him but ½ dozen parlor chairs. The rest of my furniture omitting piano \u0026 a few other articles were furnished by another house \u0026 I was very well pleased with the articles; but when I was last in N.Y. I purchased a few more articles of the same house but am not pleased with them so well so I would advise you to order but a few articles at first in the event of your intending to purchase much.\nI am writing in great haste holding the paper in one hand and writing with the other. \nAnna joins me in love to you all. \nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas.","[from Mary Anna Jackson]","My dear Sister, \nI would gladly send the pattern to Grace, but I think it unnecessary, as I can give you directions without it. The girls of Grace's size here wear black silk tunics made exactly like those Grace wore last summer, except they fasten in front, \u0026 the skirt reaches nearly to the knees. They are very pretty, \u0026 black silk is all the style now. All the ladies mantles this summer are made of black silk. Some of the girls here wear circular capes or talmas, that reach a little below the waist, they would be pretty for Grace, but it think the black silk tunics are the most fashionable.","Write soon. Much love to all. \nYour affectionate sister, \nAnna Jackson","Lexington, Va \nMay 7, 1860","My dear Niece \nYour letter came safely and gives me much pleasure to see how rapidly you progress in spelling. Every word of your letter was spelt correctly and I hope that all your words may always be treated as well those contained in your letter; for it is treating words badly to steal a letter from them, or to impose on them a letter which they don't want. You must look at Stark's letters when he writes them to his sweetheart especially. And to be more serious it would be a good plan for my sweet niece and nephews to examine each others letters when they contain no secrets, and in that way you will be very apt to find out all the counterfeit words which may be passing themselves off on any of you. Remember that there are a great many ways of spelling a word wrong, but there is only one way of spelling it right.","I intended to send you with this letter the pattern which you requested, but your aunt wrote in my last that you have the requested pattern at home. The weather is quite warm today. My peas are in bloom, they commenced blooming before the end of April. I hope that you have a fine garden. Write to me when ever you have leisure time. I am glad to see your teacher remaining with you. Your aunt joins me in love to you all. Your aunt's health is much improved.","Your affectionate uncle, Thomas.","Home \nJune 4th, 1860","My dear Sister \nI have not heard from you for so long a time that I am fearful you are sick, and if so you must make the children write to me. I hope though that your health is unusually good.","Anna is unusually unwell but I trust that she will soon commence improving again. My eyes have improved greatly, through the blessing of Him who withholds no good thing from me, but in some respects my health is more impaired than it has been for some years. If I don't improve, I hope to leave for a Hydropathic establishment soon after our Commencement in July. And my plan is to send a servant with the carriage to meet me at the Depot nearest Beverly. What is the name of the Depot. I want the servant to get to your house a day or two in advance of the time, so that he will be certain to meet me. Anna and I will then return by Beverly  in the carriage \u0026 send the servant home by the Rail Road. All this plan may be frustrated, but I am resolved to pay you the first visit which I make, so you may be satisfied that if I don't visit you that my health is such as to render medical treatment necessary.","I send some early Silesia Lettuce seed which I hope you will sow at once, and after it gets a few leaves on each plant, set the plants in rows so that the plants shall be 8 inches apart, and water them occasionally so as to keep the ground damp. I never was fond of lettuce until I tried this. I regard it as the largest, tenderest and finest flavored that I have ever tasted. If you wish any more seed let me know \u0026 I will send it. I am greatly gratified at the election of Wm. L. Jackson. I fear that I have a disease of the kidneys, the disease gives me pain every day. I experience unusual pain whilst riding in a carriage. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas.","Lexington, Va. \nJune 30th, 1860","My dear Sister \nYour letter enclosing the check came safely \u0026 relieved my mind from apprehensions of your health being seriously ill. We have closed our examinations and I hope that on Thursday next I will be able to leave. I have some concern about getting from home to Goshen, but I trust that I will not experience much pain as I design going in my carriage.","I don't feel so well today as usual, but I have been exercising probably too much as I am at the Institute for the 3rd time. I think that my general health is better than it has been for a year or two at this season of the year, but much exercise appears to bring on increased trouble and pain. If I do not improve greatly between this time \u0026 the time that I reach N.Y. I will pass directly through and leave your purchases til my return.","Write to me at Brattleboro Vermont as I design going to a Hydropathic establishment there. If I should not stop as I go through N.Y., I will write to two different establishments there and find out on what terms they will furnish the furniture, so that on my return it will only be necessary to examine the furniture \u0026 make the purchases. In your next letter, tell me to whom I must direct your purchases. I expect that it will be cheaper to send them by water to Baltimore \u0026 from Balt. by Rail Road. If so it would be necessary to send them to somebody in Balt. as well as to some one at Webster or the stopping Depot on the R.R. Anna don't know of my writing this letter as I am at the Institute, or she might have some special message. Her health is much better than usual \u0026 I trust that through the blessing of God she will be restored this summer. Much love to all.","Your affec. brother Thomas","Round Hill Water Cure \nNorthampton, Mass. \nJuly 21st/60","My dear Sister \nI have been desiring to write to you for some time but on last Friday week I was very ill with a bilious attack attended with high fever; but as I was with a skillful water cure physician he soon through the blessing of a kind Providence arrested the fever, and on Saturday I was again out doors and am now better than before the attack. I might have written to you last week, had  I not been anticipating a change from Brattleboro to this place, and I feared that your letter might not reach me in the event of having it directed to that place in the event of my leaving there. Today I came here \u0026 am much pleased with things so far. I think that Anna's health as well as my own has improved.","The special object of writing to you at this time is to request you to furnish me with another list of the articles you wish me to get for you \u0026, I wish that you would put them down in the order in which you most desire them, as the amount which you sent (fifty five dollars) will not purchase half of what you named and I am apprehensive that the state of my purse will not allow me to do much for you, though I think that I will be able to do something. I would not trouble you with making out another list, had I not as it appears put those you sent me in such a special safe place of keeping that when I was about to leave home I could not find them myself.","I don't think that I will get you anything at auction. I bought our sofa there \u0026 it has turned out a great cheat. If you can't give a full list, let me have the dimensions of the oil cloth. I wrote to you by Mr. Chenoweth \u0026 I think requested you to tell me to whom I should send the purchases in Baltimore \u0026 also at Grafton. Please let me know soon after receiving this and direct your letter to Round Hill Water Cure, Northampton, Massachusetts. I wish you were here with me, it is one of the most beautiful places I have ever seen. Anna joins me in love to you all.","Your affectionate brother, Thomas","I am on the West Side of the Connecticut River so you can find me on the map.","Round Hill \nNorthampton, Mass. \nAug. 4th/860","My dear Sister, \nYour welcome letter of July 22d reached us at this place. I am glad that our sweet cousins (for such are the Murdochs) are about paying you a visit and I very much desire to meet them, but such gratification can not be indulged in at this time as our physician says that Anna will have to remain here until about the 1st of Oct. if she wishes to be cured. He says that he can thoroughly cure her. He says that he could cure me of all my symptoms of disease in from four to six months and as I am improving, I wish that I could remain here until relived of all my troubles or so long as I continue to improve. He says that I have a slight distortion of the spine, \u0026 that it has given rise to some of my uneasy symptoms. There are several ladies here who could not walk when they commenced treatment \u0026 are now walking as if perfectly well.","Anna and myself much regret that we must again be denied the pleasure of visiting you as we had hoped to do. But I know that at the right time our Heavenly Father will permit us to see you. I am anxiously looking forward to some opportunity during the coming session. I wrote in my last for you to give me a list of furniture, etc. in the order in which you prefer them, and I would suggest that you had better get a lower priced bedstead than ours. For instance, if a cottage one would answer it could be purchased at about half the price that we gave for ours. But if you could consent to lower the price of the other articles, I think that it would be best; of course you would not get things so serviceable \u0026 showy but I think that the increased number of articles for the same money would more than compensate.","A cottage bedstead would be rather small; but they are made neatly. I have merely made these suggestions \u0026 you must do as you think best \u0026 I will do the best I can for you in New York. I will not have the opportunity of stopping by in Philadelphia as my time is so precious. If you prefer the Philadelphia bedstead, I will write to the same person who made ours, \u0026 get you one. I send a list of some of our purchases. They were much lower than could have been bought in Lexington.","Anna joins me in love to you all. I wish I could stop in Philadelphia as I might get some things for you and also attend to an important matter. You must give my love to Harriet \u0026 the others when they visit you. May you have every needful blessing temporal \u0026 spiritual is my habitual prayer.\nYour affectionate brother, \nThomas","Home Sept. 3rd, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI have reached home safely with my health much improved. My physician said that I ought to have remained a month longer \u0026 I tried to do so but did not succeed, and I am satisfied with the sweet assurance that all things work together for my good. Anna's health was much improved, yet it was necessary for her to remain longer. I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to I stopped in N. York and went to Brunner[?] and Moore's and also to Madden's. \tThey are persons from whom I hoped to purchase your furniture, and at Madden's I have been able to get a better bargain than Anna \u0026 I got of him. The prices are as follows, center table with marble top $9, French bedstead $14 (width inside 5ft 1 inch), Elegant bureau $25, corresponding wash stand $15. The bureau is under its regular price which is $30. There is another bureau at $23 \u0026 corresponding wash stand $10. Wash stands have marble top\u0026 back. Sofa inside length 7ft at $25. Another sofa inside length 6ft 8 inches at $20. Nice tete a tete at $18. Shuck mattress to fit bed $6. Shuck and cotton mattress mixed at $9. Lounge opening out or not at $6. Also another kind of lounge opening out or not at $5. Colors of lounges black; green \u0026 brown[?]. 4 quartets at $5.","Boxing of table .75 \n\" \" Bedstead 2.00 \n\" \" Bureau 1.50 \n\" \" Wash stand 1.00 \n\" \" Sofa 1.50 \n\" \" quartets .50 \n\" \" lounge 1.00 \nBailing mattresses .75 \nTotal 9.00","All the articles are mahogany, and I like them except the $23 Bureau. I would get the $25 bureau as it is only $2 more and if the elegant wash stand is too expensive I will get him to make you a neat one for $10. I would advise you to get the $20 sofa, but if you prefer you can instead of the sofa get the tete a tate \u0026 $5 lounge which will come to $3 more than the sofa. But if you prefer the sofa, you can make a lounge of it by spreading a cloth over it. The tete a tate is handsomer than the lounge though much smaller than our tete a tate. \tI purchased oil cloth for the square \u0026 rectangle but didn't succeed in getting any for the stairs as it is not now fashionable for stairs. I got the oil cloth at Stewart's \u0026 they told me that they didn't know where any could be had for stairs.","Home Sept. 24th, 1860","My dear Sister, \nYour very welcome letter reached me on Saturday and I was enabled to borrow the necessary money from the Bank, and I forwarded a draft this morning in a letter to Mr. Madden requesting him to purchase the carpet \u0026 stair rods and to forward all by the 1st packet to J. Arnold, Beverly Randolph County Virginia, to the care of R. L. Heavener \u0026 John Gephart box no. 320 Baltimore Street Baltimore, Maryland. I told him to send the lounge opening out at $6. I also specified green as the color. You did not mention the color in your letter, but I thought that you were pleased with ours. I regard it as very cheap, it is not so showy as ours, but I would much prefer it, as I think it is a serviceable one; whereas ours has proved to be a great cheat' having been bought at a N.Y. auction I might have expected it to turn out badly.  As you request a Bible instead of the oil cloth I conform very willingly to your wishes and the account will then stand","Centre table 9.\tBoxing table .75 \nBedstead 14. \" Bedstead\t2.00 \nBureau 25 \" Bureau 1.50 \nWash Stand 15 \" Wash Stand\t1.00 \nTate a Tete\t18 \" Sofa 1.50 \nLounge\t6 \" Quartets .50 \nQuartets 5\t\" Lounge 1.00 \n10 yd Carpet 8.25 \nat 62 ½\t6.25 \n18 stair rods 4.28 \nBoxing\t8.25 \n110.78","In order to get a draft on N.Y. I had to pay one dollar and eleven cents making in all one hundred and eleven dollars and eighty nine cents. Deducting from this the amount you sent me fifty five dollars leaves fifty six dollars and 89 cents adding to this the price of the oil cloth 7.50 makes the total amount sixty four dollars \u0026 39 cents. There are 10 yards of oil cloth at 75 cents per yard.","In order to get a new draft from a Bank the person to whom the Bank gave the draft had to inform the Bank that the draft has been lost or mislaid as the case may be and satisfy the Banking officer that he is acting honestly in the matter. If our Bank were to give me a draft \u0026 I should lose it all I would have to do would be to go to the cashier of the Bank \u0026 tell him that the draft was lost \u0026 request him to give me another which he would do and he would then write to the Bank that was to pay the draft \u0026 tell it not to pay the first draft. If he thought it necessary. So if the draft sent me was given to Col. Goff ask him to write to the Bank \u0026 request another draft stating that the first has been lost or mislaid. If the cashier of the Bank does not know Col. Goff then the Col. had better enclose his letter to some friend in whom the Bank has confidence and let this friend present it to the Bank so that the Bank may be satisfied that all is right. I regret to give you so much trouble.","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 1st, 1860","My dear Sister, \nI recd. your welcome letter this morning. I regret to learn that you have all been ill, but trust that ere this reaches you, all may again be well. If Mr. Preston remains in Beverly much of his time, I would be glad if it could be so arranged so as to board with you, if your health would justify it, and other circumstances would justify it. But I fear that it could not be arranged so. But wherever he may stay when in Beverly you may through the blessing of God derive much aid from him by consulting him freely. He is reserved in his manners, and I think that the best way to treat him, is to be very cordial, and to evince a desire to see much of him, but after all, we must not depend too much on a man; but look up to our Heavenly Father for every needed aid. If we but live near to God, all things shall work together for our good. I regret to hear of Aunt White's blindness. Give my love to her \u0026 Uncle.","I am sorry that your furniture was injured even slightly. I expect that the expenses to Webster were not much more than customary. I didn't expect that you would favor the French bedstead as much as ours, but such a one as ours I have never seen in N. York, it is the Philadelphia style \u0026 besides it costs more than yours. I like the French and Anna would exchange it with you if practicable and says if you will send her yours she will send you hers. If you had been accustomed to Leery French Bedsteads all your life you would probably think the high ones quite clumsy affairs.","I hope that Williams will exchange with Judge Thompson and would be glad if he would do so next term which commences the 12th of next Sept. I hope if he comes that he will bring his wife with him.\n    \nI did not ask Mr. Rieston to take your Bible to you, as he said that he was going on horseback.","Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nDec. 29th 1860","My dear Sister, \nAmong the things laid out for this Saturday is the writing of a letter to you. The weather here is such that any one who does not learn at the feet of Jesus would pronounce dismal; as it is penetratingly damp in addition to wet falling snow- bordering on sleet. How different are the views of one who sees God in all things and one who sees Him in nothing. This reminds me of of the Peasant who said that the weather tomorrow will be just such as pleases me, because it will be such as pleases God, and that always pleases me.","How do you like Mr. Thomas Preston? What is being done for the Redeemers cause in Beverly? How I would like to be with you! A visit to you is one of the pleasant things in prospect. I hope that you are all well again.","Do not have too much anxiety about bringing up your children, trust in God assistance, and it will be given. I think of our Sainted Mother and take courage from God's promise I will show mercy unto thousands (of generations) of them that keep me commandments From this passage a parent as will as children may draw great comfort. If a parent but keeps God's commandments, he or she may be well assured that God's mercy will rest upon the children.","I am looking forward with great interest to the 4th of Jany. when the Christian people for assistance, of this land will lift their united prayer as incense to the Throne of God in Supplication for our unhappy country. What is the feeling about Beverly respecting Secession? I am anxious to hear from the native part of my state, I am strong for the Union at present, and if things become no worse, I hope to continue so. I think that the majority in this county are for the Union; but in counties bordering us there is a strong secession feeling. Anna joins me in love to you \u0026 the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nThomas.","Lexington, Va. \nFeby 23rd, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour kind letter reached its destination after Anna had left for North Carolina to visit her parents and be present at her sister Sue's wedding. She left last Monday morning. I heard from her in Richmond. She wrote that Providence had greatly blest her. She went as far as Richmond with a lady from this place. From Richmond she was to go to her destination with her Brother William who was to leave Washington for the purpose.","I feel very lonesome \u0026 greatly wish that I had you as next door neighbor. Today is raining \u0026 I stay pretty much in doors.","I hope that Thomas will spare no pains to get all the education practicable before coming to the Institution. He will thus be enabled to take our course to greater advantage, and will be in a position to graduate higher in his class.","Yesterday was celebrated with becoming honor, due to the memory of Washington. I trust that this letter will find you all in usual health at least. My throat is troubling me today. I would be glad to hear from Thomas or from any of the children.","Your affect. brother \nThomas","Lexington, Va. \nApril 6th, 1861","My dear Sister, \nYour very kind letter net with a welcome reception and I intended answering it last Saturday, but was prevented. I am very much gratified to learn that Mr. A. has consented to aid the church provided Mr. P remains with you. From Grace's letter I saw that he would remain if a proper salary could be raised. Do what you all can to make up the amount \u0026 I will be responsible for the rest. I would rather pay his whole salary than have him leave Beverly at this time. I still hope that Mr. Arnold may become a Christian. I know that the change to effect this must be great, but who will limit the power of the Holy Ghost. You were once a disbeliever, but a mother's prayers have been (as I believe) answered \u0026 who can say but that your prayers \u0026 the prayers of others may be heard for Mr. Arnold: for years I have been praying for him \u0026 expect to continue doing so. how great has been the change in him to agree to aid in preaching the Gospel. Pray on for him \u0026 pray for more faith. You speak of your temptations- that you shall be a cast away: don't tolerate such an idea for a moment. God draws his sensible presence from us to try our faith. When a cloud comes between you and the sun do you fear that the sun will never appear again? I am well satisfied that you are a child of God, and that you will be saved in Heaven, therefore ever to dwell with the ransomed of the Lord. So you must not doubt. The Natural Sun may never return to the view of the child of God when once concealed by an intervening cloud but the Sun of Righteousness will. But there is one very essential thing to the child of God who would enjoy the comforts of religion \u0026 that is he or she must live in accordance with the law of God- must have no will but his- Knowing the path of duty, must not hesitate for a moment, but at once[?] walk in it. Jesus says my yoke is easy \u0026 my burden is light \u0026 this is true, if we but follow him in the prompt discharge of every duty, but we mustn't hesitate a moment about doing our[?] duty under all circumstances as soon as it is made known to us \u0026 we should always seek by prayer to be taught our duty.","If temptations are presented, you must not think that you are committing sin in consequence of having a sinful thought- The Savior thought a sinful thought of worshipping Satan, what could be more abhorrent to a Christian's feeling than such a thought. But such thoughts become sinful if we derive pleasure from them, we must abhor them if we would prevent our sinning. The Devil inputs sinful ideas into our minds to disrupt our peace \u0026 to make us sin \u0026 it is our duty to see by prayer \u0026 watchfulness that we are not defiled by them.\n    \nGod has done great things; astonishing things for you \u0026 your family. Don't doubt his eternal love for you.","Lexington, Va. \nApril 13th, 1861","My dear Niece, \nI have been desiring to answer your letter for some time, but have from various causes been prevented. I wish I could see you with me again in Lexington, but as I don't expect to have that pleasure this spring, I hope to see you in Beverly next summer. In regard to those little histories of which you spoke, I will try \u0026 get Mr. Thomas to take a couple of them to you as a present. They may keep you reading until you have an opportunity of purchasing yours. Send to Harper \u0026 Brother, New York \u0026 I think if you will write to them beforehand that they will let you have them a quarter lower that the retail price which was 60 cents. When I purchased mine he let me have them at 45 cents, as I purchased a number of Books and I think he will do the same now. I don't like to ask Mr. Preston to carry anything, as he will probably not be able to take everything which he wants of his own, in consequence of his being on horseback \u0026 leaving home for several months \u0026 possibly for a year.","Your Aunt will attend to your request. I am sorry to learn that Mr. Chenoweth's health has failed: but hope that he may soon be restored. ","We have had very wet weather here during the present week, but I think that it is probably about over.","Your Aunt joins me in love to you all. She spoke of writing to day, but as I wanted to answer your letter she consented to postpone hers.","You must write to me often. \nYour affectionate Uncle \nThomas.","I am gratified to see from your letter that you are so much pleased with Mr. Preston as a preacher.","Baltimore \u0026 Ohio R. R. Telgraph","By Telegraph","Dated H. Ferry April 30, 1861 \nTo Jas. M. Jackson","An ordinance equalizing taxation onproperty throughout the sate of Virginia passed the convention of this twenty seventh inst (27th). Let papers publish.","T. J. Jackson \nCol. Commanding \nat Harpers Ferry","Charge 25 cts.","Division Head Qrts. \nHarpers Ferry \nMay 5th, 1861","Colonel, \nThe object of this letter is to request that you will look our for the interests of Massie, McDonald, and Cunnningham, they are all valuable officers. Though I recommended Massie to the Governor soon after my arrival here, yet at that time I didn't know his full worth. He is an invaluable staff officer, and I should greatly regret to lose him. I hope that you may find it consistent with the interest if Public Service to give him a Lieutenant Coloneley of the Inspector Generals Department.","McDonald and Cunningham both prefer the Corps of Engineers (Regular Service).","I am colonel, \nVery Respectfully yours. \nT. J. Jackson","To \nCol. F. H. Smith \nMember of Council of State","Harper's Ferry \nMay 25th, 1861","Governor, \nThe object of this letter is to state that Mr. W. S. H. Baylor, late Colonel of the Augusta regiment has qualities which would make him a valuable Colonel if an opportunity were offered for their development. During the insubordination at this place, which resulted from depriving the works of their field and general offices, Mr. B. instead of at once going to Richmond to advance his personal interests, remained here until he succeeded in quelling the insubordination in his Regiment, and I was forcibly impressed with the influence which he exerted over his men. He possesses fine qualities for an officer and consequently feels deeply that the other Colonels were reinstated whilst he was only appointed a Major. I am well satisfied from what I know of him personally, that he would as a colonel, be an ornament to the Service. \nI am Governor, your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nCol. Va. Vols.","Jany. 2d, 1862","Major, \nI am much obliged to you for the nice lemons you have sent me.\nIssue one day's rations of Hd. Bd. As you suggest.\nI am glad to see that you are so well supplied.\nYou disappointed not only me but the Staff by not dining with us on Christmas.","I have been concerned about your health, as I hear that you do not look so well as usual. I hope that you will take special care of your health.","Respectfully yours, \nT. J. Jackson\nLt. Genl.","Hear Quarters Valley Dist. \nUnger's Store Jany. 13, 1862","General, \nThe enemy have evacuated Romney, leaving part of their stores behind. \nRespectfully you Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. Comd.","Genl. J. E. Johnston \nComd. Dept. of N. Va.","Winchester \nFeby 11th 1862","My dear Doctor \nYour very kind and Christian letter respecting my proposed withdrawal from Field Service has been received, and be assured that it met with a cordial reception. My desire to serve our cause is undiminished, but I am in active service not because it is more congenial to my taste, but from a sense of duty. The moment that my services are not required in the field I desire to return to the Institute.","After God had restored to us the county of Morgan East of the Big Capon River and the most valuable portion of Hampshire County, and was still driving the enemy from this Military District, the Secretary of War without consulting me upon the subject, sent an order to me stating that he has information, that Genl. Loring's command is in danger of being cut off, and directs me to order him back to Winchester immediately, thus unnecessarily abandoning to the enemy what had been restored to us. If such a policy as that was to be pursued by the Secretary at his desk far removed from the theatre of war, ruin must result to our cause, and I feel called upon to utter my strongest protest against such a ruinous policy, and this I designed doing by offering to resign, rather than be the willful instrument of carrying out a ruinous policy. So far as the secretary may have shown indignity to me personally, that is not a matter to be considered in times like the present. I am satisfied that my course was a good one for our cause, the effect that it may injuriously have in the estimation of men respecting me, is of but little moment.","I say it humbly but with the hope that you will live to see that my course has been what it should have been. I am every ready to remain in the field when I can have a prospect of being useful there. Pray that I may be useful.\nI am sincerely your friend \nT.J. Jackson","Winchester \nFeby 18th, 1862","General \nI have received information that there is below Washington another Brigade besides Sickles' and that they are provided with pontoon trains by which they can cross their Art. \u0026 other force in about four (4) hours and that they design doing so with the night at three or four different points, and that the first favorable night is the time fixed upon. That the crossing is to be followed by the reoccupation of Fredericksburg.","The 1st Tennessee leaves for Knoxville at dawn tomorrow morning. Would have left this morning, but I thought it best not to move until something could be heard respecting the time when the cars could receive them, as the weather has been very bad, and the troops are comfortable in their present position, \u0026 are within a day's march of Strasburg. Tomorrow at 10 o'clock A.M. the 1st Georgia will leave, and the Regiments for Genl Humes will move in time for their R. R. transportation. As there is no evidence of an immediate move on this place, I do not attach much importance to the information respecting the crossing of the Potomac below you, but have felt it my duty to make mention of it. The information is that the crossing is to be at night. The troops for Manassas can leave at any time via Snicker's Gap; as the boats now there will transport 250 Inft. per trip, but unless I receive further instructions from you, I will keep them as you directed until after the Regiments for the Virginia District leave.","Respectfully your Obt. Servt. \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl","Winchester, VA. \nFebruary 18th 1862","J. J. Jackson Major Gen. Comdg.","Reports information concerning enemy's strenght \u0026 intended operations on lower Potomac. Departure of the troops of Genl. Loring's command.","Winchester \n8.40 p.m. March 4/62","General \nMy dispatch to Genl. Johnston of yesterday as well as today was important. Please let me now at once whether either of them was captured. I think that we had better send nothing more for the present via Snicker's Gap, but everything via Ashby's. I will keep a lookout for [Miss] Osborn. I will understand the [ ]1. The Yankees are in Smithfield which is about 6 miles west of Charles Town.","Respectfully your Obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nBrig Genl. D. H. Hill \nComd C. S. Forces, Leesburg.","Winchester \nMarch 7th, 1862","My Dear Colonel, \nI much regret that there should be an attempt at such foul aspirations against your character as named in your letter, which I received yesterday. On the 21st Inst. my mind was so occupied with the movement of troops during the Battle, that I observed but little of the minutia of individuals beyond what was necessary to see plans carried out. But so favorable was the impression of your conduct on my mind at the time of making out my report, when my memory was more fresh than at present, that I felt it was official duty to speak of you in terms of great praise. At the time of making out my report, I was suffering from my wound, and wrote but a short report, but all that is in it respecting yourself, is such testimony, as a meritorious officer successfully fighting for the Liberty of his country deserves. I see that I forwarded your report to Genl. Johnston and you had better get a copy of mine from him if you need it, as there might be a military impropriety in my sending you a copy. If the General hasn't got mine, request him to direct me to furnish him with a copy, or to furnish you with it either. But if you have any hesitation about making the request of the Genl. let me know, and I will send you a copy of the report so far as it relates to you. I did not retain a copy of your Report.","Today I will commence in a quiet way gathering up such facts and names as may be of use to you, should there be any occasion for them. Anything I can do, you must depend upon me for as it will be both a duty and pleasure to send you.","Your daughter, Mrs. [?] and Mrs. Jackson left here in the same stage on last Tuesday. Sandy is recovering from a very severe cold.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley District \nNear Mt. Jackson March 20th, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nAs Lt. Col. Grisby was on furlough when I last wrote to you, my second letter has been postponed until his return. I sent for him today, and he states that he probably saw more of you during the Battle, and had more to say to you, than any other officer; and that you behaved as bravely as an officer should, and appears to have been impressed with your coolness and courage, and speaks of your conduct in high terms, and says that with the exception McLachlin d of the time when you went to the rear \u0026 hitched your horse, that you were forward with your battery.","McLachlin does not appear to recollect much respecting you during the engagement as he states that his attention was given to his pieces, and that is very natural, I know that I observed but little of individuals except as duty brought me in contact with them. Though he says that you were with the leading piece when the battery went forward on the line of battle, and that his his opinion is that just before the piece went to the rear, you gave direction respecting the firing.","Should you have Brockenbrough Court Marshaled, I would advise you to have Grisby summoned as a witness. ","Very Truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. Valley Dist. \nApril 16th, 1862","Mrs. M. K. Langhorne, \nYour note respecting you brave son has been recd. and I hasten to say that you may rest assured that I will give special attention not only to his exchange when an opportunity offers but also to his unfortunate comrades.","Yours sincerely, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. V. Dist. \nBig Spring \nApril 18th, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Inst.","General, \nIf you can possibly spare Colonel Williamson for a week or ten days, I hope that you will give him a leave of absence for the purpose of assisting me professionally.","I am General your obdt. servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Hd. Qts. at Swift Run Gap \nApril 28, 1862","Maj. Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. V. M. Institute","General, \nI have an important movement in contemplation and I regret to trouble you again when the subject of letting Col. Williamson join me for a few days; but if you can possibly do so, I hope that you will let him leave immediately upon the receipt of this, and join me with all possible dispatch. Should he come, let him on reaching Staunton call on Major A. W. Harman for relays of horses in order that he may reach this point or wherever it may be in the shortest time.","My prayer is that the proposed undertaking will receive God's blessing for without it I can do nothing.","Should you be able to grant my request, you may rest assured that I will not retain the Colonel longer than necessary and should you desire his services at any time before the completion of his work, you have but to notify me.","I send herewith authority for him to impress horses.","I am General your obedt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Head Quarters May 3rd, 1862","Spec. Orders \nNo. 214","Maj. Gen. F.H. Smith having brought the Corps of Cadets of the Va. Mil. Inst. into the field, Quartermasters, Commissaries, and Ordinance Officers will furnish him all necessary supplies from their respective Departments.","By Order \nMaj. Gen. Jackson \nA.S. Pendleton \nA. A. A. G.","Near Harrisonburg \nMay 19th, 1862 \nHon. A. R. Boteler","Dear Sir, \nAccording to my promise I notify you that I am going down the Valley. But I can not say that I would advise to come on as my movements mat not be such as would enable you to visit your home. Should you feel at liberty to join me, I hope that you will do so at your earliest convenience.","What is the prospect of having Lt. Cols. J. R. Jones \u0026 A. Snead appointed Brig. Generals.","Very truly your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qtrs. Valley District \nMay 29, 1862 \nMajor Genl. F. H. Smith \nSupt. Va. Mil. Institute","General, \nI am very grateful to you for your cooperation. Please call on the proper Departments at Staunton for transportation and Subsistence. When I get a tent or room to write in you shall hear from me again.\nI am General, your obdt. Serv. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Port Republic \nJune 6, 1862","My dear Colonel, \nI have recommended Lt. Col. J. R. Jones late of the 33rd Regt. Va. Vols. For a Brigadier Generalcy. I greatly need his services as such, any thing you can do towards securing his appointment will be valuable service rendered to our cause. You may remember the part he bore in the capture of the arsenal at Apalachicola. To him was entrusted the quelling of the insurrectionary movement in this District last Spring and it was effected greatly to my satisfaction. ","Col. J. goes to Richmond at my request. My recommendation of him sometime since was without his knowledge, and he is too modest a gentleman to do much in the way of pressing this matter as it affects him personally(?), and I therefore trust that this will do it for him. Please introduce him to Hon. A. R. Boteler, who has already taken steps towards securing the appointment.\nRemember me very kindly to the Governor.","Very truly your friend, \nT. J Jackson","Gordonsville \nJune 20th, 1864","My dear Doctor, \nYours of the 9th instant has been received, but was not handed to me by Mr. [?].  If I see an opening for an army appointment for him, I will try and secure it but I fear that no such appointment will be secured without the recommendation of the Colonel or other officers of a regiment where his services may be desired.  If he can secure such a recommendation it will most certainly secure the appointment.  I am glad that he has come, and I will talk with Major Dabney respecting him, with the hope that the Major may be the means under God of increasing his usefulness.","For our prayer accept my warmest thanks, and I trust that you, and all our Christian people will with increased [?] with God implore his blessing upon our cause.  He can give us victory, and crown us with complete success, and He alone can.  My trust is in Him, and in Him along, and unto His name be all the glory for every success and every blessing.","Give my kindest regards to Mrs. White and all the family.","Your much attached friend, \nT. J. Jackson","White Oak Bridge \nJuly 10th, 1862","General, \nYours of this date has been received. I send you a copy of the order for falling back. There are no infantry that I am aware of in front of you this morning. If no instructions have reached you, I would, if in your place, move off to your position near Williamsburg road. I expect to leave here this evening about 3 o' clock.","Stuart is still in front. I saw Capt. Rufus Barring yesterday. He says that his youngest child if dangerously ill.","Respectfully, \nT.J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","July 31st, 1862 \nMy dear Doctor, \nI am very grateful to you for your prayers to God for the success of the operation which God has entrusted to me. Please continue to pray for me and for the success of the troops entrusted to me. It cheers my heart to think that many of God's people are praying to our very kind Heavenly Father for the success of the army to which I belong. Without God's blessing I look for no success, and for every success my prayer is, that all the glory may be given unto Him to whom it is properly due. If people would but give all the glory to God, and regard his creatures as but unworthy instruments, my heart would rejoice. Alas too frequently the praise is bestowed upon the creature. Whilst we must not forget the superior importance of spiritual victories, yet I trust that you will under God's direction do what you can in securing the prayers of His people for the success of our arms, especially for the success of them which are entrusted to me, an unworthy servant, but who desires to glorify His name even in my present military calling. My trust is in God for success. Praying for a continuation of your usefulness I remain your much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","My Dear Maggie \nIn haste I drop you a line in answer to your letter of Oct.3d. I regret not having a position to which propriety Mr. Estill can be assigned. The best opening that I see for him is to secure an appointment as an ordnance officer. There are to be 70 appointed after being examined by a board upon their qualifications. Harry Estill is among the number. It appears to me that his brother Charles ought to pass examination by giving attention to the subject.","I am much obliged to you for your kindness. ","I deeply sympathize with you all in the death of dear Willie. He was in my first Sabbath school class where I became attached to him when he was a little boy. I had expected to have him as one of my aid de camps but God in his providence has ordered otherwise.","Remember me very kindly to Col. Preston \u0026 all the family. \nAffectionately your brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Near Gordonsville \nAug 7th, 1862","General, \nI am much obliged to you for giving Cadet Morrison a leave of absence. Should you not receive from his father a letter within the prescribed time requesting that his son's resignation be accepted, I respectfully request that you will accept it upon this my application.","I am General yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","5 am Bristow \n27 Augt 62","General, \nPermit me to congratulate you upon the brilliant success with which God has blessed you.  You deserve promotion. The 12 Geo. \u0026 15th Ala. Regt. have been ordered to you this morning.","If you have commissary stores enough please send 5000 rations to Genl. Ewell at Bristow as soon as you can get transportation.","I am Genl yr obdt servt. \nT. J. Jackson","Sharpsburg \nSept 16th, 1862","Miss Fairfield, \nI have received the nice breakfast for which I am indebted to your kindness.  Please accept my grateful appreciation of you hospitality.\nVery sincerely yours, \nT. J. Jackson","Hd Qrs V. Dist Sept. 22nd, 1862","General, \nI respectfully recommend that Corporal Jas. P. Smith of the Rockbridge Artillery be appointed Aid de Camp and directed to report to me for duty. As 1st Lt. G. G. Junkin has resigned I desire Mr. Smith to be his successor. He has been acting as A. D. C. since the 20th instant and I respectfully request that his appointment be dated accordingly.","I am General your most obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","T. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. V. Dist. Oct. 15th, 1862","Revoking approval of Maj. Genl. D. H. Hill recommendation of Col. D. K. McBeal for a Brigadier Generalcy.","Hd. Qrs. A. N. Va. \nOctober 16th, 1862 \nResptly forwarded \nBy order of Genl. R. E. Lee","Clarke County Va. \nOct. 30th, 1862","My dear Doctor, \nYour kind and Christian letter of the 16th inst, with the accompanying resolution have been received, I write this note to thank you for having so effectually complied with my request, and to ask that your prayers and Christian efforts be continued as before requested, My trust is in God, and it is a great comfort to know that he answers prayer. I am very thankful to our kind Heavenly Father for restoring you to health. I hope that both your sons if not entirely well at present soon will be. \nYour much attached friend \nT. J. Jackson","Dec. 7th, 1862","Dear Genl, \nI have not yet found the sermon by Bishop Elliott of which mention was made when with you last. But I send herewith another of his sermons which I hope you will after reading forward to some friend in order that it may under God's blessing accomplish much good. The part marked on the 19th \u0026 20th pages comes up to my idea of what is the very reasonable \u0026 most important duty and high privilege of our people at this time.","The sermon was given me by Mrs. Brent of Winchester last winter or early in March and has not been sent out among the troops as all religious matter should.","Sincerely your friend \nT. J. Jackson","Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va. \nDec. 8th, 1862","Genl, \nWhen you last wrote I presume that Mount Mass. \u0026 Hop Yard were not picketed for want of time after Genl. E. received the order, but before [now] I expect that the pickets are in position. I wish that you and Genl. E. would arrange the picketing dividing the work between the two divisions proportionally","I have written to Genl. Lee for the purpose of having a [c?] picket at Dickinson's crossing.","I am Genl. Yr. obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.","Major, \nCol. Crutchfield is very desirous of having a commissary for my reserve Art. The object of this note is to ascertain whether you have one that can be assigned there. Who have you at Milford Depot?","If you have no commissary to spare for the purpose, and you know of a suitable person I wish you would recommend him and send the recommendation through these Hd. Qrs. How would Campbell do? What I desire you to do is to recommend the most worthy if one is to be appointed.","Can one commissary attend to the duties at Milford Depot and also to seeing that the Arty. wants?","Take care of yourself \u0026 when you feel like taking a long ride, come down and see me.","Respectfully your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl.","My dear sister Isabella, \nYour letter of the 15th respecting Genl. Hill was received yesterday. My first step was to try and arrange things so that he would remain with this Army; but after several interviews with him and also with Genl. Lee, I became satisfied that it would be impolite to insist on his remaining. Genl. Lee manifested to great interest in Genl. Hill, and a great desire that he should not resign. He \u0026 I took the same view as yourself respecting his feelings after being out of service a while, and we both thought it best that he should be ordered to Richmond where he could be ordered to duty else where \u0026 to some position where he could have more comforts than with this company or he given a leave to go home as circumstances might justify. It appears that the War Department took a similar view. The last news received from the Dept. was that his resignation would not be accepted at present but if necessary, a leave of absence granted. I am probably wrong in saying that this Course was determined on by the War Dept. What I should have said, is, that Genl. Lee who has returned from Richmond told me that he had so recommended and I am well satisfied that his recommendation has not been departed from.  Genl. Hill has probably explained to you before this, the causes which induced him to leave here. I tried to remove what I could influence, but was not successfull. For his services the Country owes him a lasting debt of gratitude. My prayer is that he will continue in the service until the war terminates, and that our Heavenly Father will give him success. And that his health and strength will not be so over taxed in the future as it had been in the past.","The subject of his leaving the army gave me great concern. I did not like to take any steps which would be distasteful to him. Though I thought he ought to go to Richmond, yet as he expressed his desire not to leave if a battle was about to take place, and as one might be fought any day. So far as I knew, I felt a hesitancy about doing anything which would separate him from his division in case of an action.","Genl. Lee proposed that he should take a leave of absence, and return to his division in the Spring, but Genl. Hill did not accept of it.","Though the case has been such as to give anxiety to you, Genl. Lee \u0026 myself, I am satisfied that Our God will over rule it for good. For He causes all things to work together for good to them who love Him. If the Genl. is at home when this reaches you, please give my love to him. Joseph, Robert and Maj. Ewing[?] are well. I have not seen Mr. Barrington for nearly two months. Give love to the children.","Your affectionate brother, \nT. J. Jackson","Corbyn's Farm \nCaroline Co. Va. \nFeby 11th, 1863","My dear Captain, \nYour letter of the 5th instant has been received, and your request will receive special attention. I am not sanguine of success, but an available opportunity may occur.","I regret to heat of the continued delicate health of Mrs. B. \u0026 child. Joseph Morrison has gone home to see his mother who is seriously ill. Capt. Avery had also gone on leave of absence of 25 days.","Genl. Hill has been assigned to duty in N.C.","Mr. Irwin \u0026 Sis with their children were at Cottage Home at last account. I hope that they will be there when Anna \u0026 Paul arrive there.","Should you come near me. I hope that you will not pass by without calling.","Very truly yours, \nT. J. Jackson","P.S. Genl. Stuart has arrived since the foregoing and he desires getting you appointed on His Military Court of which he has the promise. Say nothing about this, as the court is not yet secured. \nT. J. J.","Hd. Qrs. 2d Corps A. N. V. \nMarch 23d, 1863","General, \nI have learned officially this evening, that Mr. Col. Wm. R. Cox 2d N.C. Regt. \u0026 Judge Advocate of the General Court Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones is absent and will not return until the 2d of April. Under these circumstances I would respectfully recommend that Col. D.B. Penn of the 7th Louisiana Regt. be appointed Judge Advocate of the Court.","The accompanying papers were returned to me today by Col. W. P. Bynum of the 2d N. C. I. One of the envelopes was opened by him under the impression that the package concerned his Regt.","I am Genl. your obdt. Servt. \nT. J. Jackson \nLt. Gen.","T. J. Jackson \nLt. Genl. \nHd. Qrs. 2d Corps A.N.V. \nMarch 23, 1863 \nRecommending that Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.","Near Fredericksburg, Va. \nApril 15th, 1863 \nMessrs. Mitchell \u0026 Tyler","Gentlemen, \nYour note of the 11th instant informing me that you have not only repaired my watch but also replaced the indistinct gold dial by a white one, gratuitously has been received.","The object of this note is to thank you for your kindness, and to say that not only is the watch thoroughly repaired; but that I regard its usefulness materially enhanced by the new dial.","I am gentlemen, \n[Signature missing/cut out from letter at unknown date]","7.45 A. M.","General, \nYour dispatch of 6. A. m. has been recd. I have sent a scouting party down the road you are on for the purpose of communicating with you.  The party has taken 2 prisoners who report back of a regt. In rifle [?] in the wood.  I have ordered a force to the wood for the purpose of clearing it.","Respectfully, \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl.","Major, \nPlease forward the above by telegraph.","I hope to get you a Colonelcy.","Yours truly \nT. J. Jackson \nMaj. Genl."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStonewall Jackson papers, 1844-1915. MS 0102. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844-1915. MS 0102. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll are original letters (ALS) written by Stonewall Jackson, unless noted otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters written while Stonewall Jackson was a cadet at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter fragment regards Stonewall Jackson's health and furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters written by Stonewall Jackson during the Mexican War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten on board the ship James L. Day. Letter regards travel to Point Isabel, Texas and general news about the Mexican War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Point Isabel, Texas. Letter regards travel to Texas, family matters, and plans to travel \"up the Rio Grande tomorrow.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Veracruz, Mexico. Letter regards news of the Mexican War, daily life at camp, Stonewall Jackson's health, and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from camp near Veracruz, Mexico. Letter requests compensation for quartermaster duties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards a \"detailed acount of Mexico.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards troop movements and life at camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards general news of the war and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter describes the Passeo, a central road through the city, and general news of the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from National Palace, Mexico. Letter regards news of the war and General Pillow's trial.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Governors Island, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's new station.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Letter regards a trip to attend a court martial and the desire to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and travel back to New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards style of dress, historical studies, and that \"cholera has entirely disappeared from this place.\" Additionally, the letter includes a discussion of a thermometer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards book catalogs and Stonewall Jackson's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health, magazine subscriptions, and finances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards family news, Stonewall Jackson's concern for Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) eyesight, and a new diet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a fire at the stables, a potential visit in October, and Stonewall Jackson's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards the death of \"Uncle Cummins\" and family finances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Plattsburgh, New York. Letter regards travel to New York \"for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards an Invoice of Public Property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a potential visit in October and the death of \"Uncle Cummins.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Ontario, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's membership \"of Courts Martial.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from West Point, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's visit to West Point.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Meade, Florida. In the letter, Stonewall Jackson gives his approval to put his name before the VMI Board of Visitors for a professorship position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards a potential position at VMI and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment as a VMI Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's arrival at VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson starting his academic duties and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health and a discussion of Christianty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards academic duties and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Stonewall Jackson's trip to see Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) next summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards garden seeds, fruit, and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a potential visit from George P. Terrill and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a missing package, family news, and a vocal concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and barracks construction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virgina. Letter regards the springs and Stonewall Jackson's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards an appreciation of Lexington and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards course designs for law lectures and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and preparations for teaching Natural Philosophy and Artillery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards health and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and a potential visit in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards the springs and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to Niagara Falls, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) daughter and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's application for professorship at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) infant daughter and Stonewall Jackson's pending appointment at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and includes a portion written by Elinor Junkin Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Healing Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to the springs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Stonewall Jackson's wife Elinor Junkin Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchase of books and health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Uncle Alred's.\" Letter regards the potential purchase of land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards family news and notes that the cadets \"have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond [Virginia] but are expected to be home today.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter fragment regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFragment regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lextington, Virginia. Letter regards corrections to the letter and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to Liverpool, England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Ship Asia at Sea.\" Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and the cities he wants to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Naples, Italy. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the places Stonewall Jackson visited during his trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. In the letter Stonewall Jackson announces his engagement to Mary Anna Morrison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to Alum Springs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and mentions VMI faculty meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Mary Graham Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to visit the Arnold family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas arriving in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from White Sulphur Springs, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Thomas Arnold's accounts, which are written on the back of the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter fragment regards discussion of purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and Grace Arnold's education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchases for the house. The letter also contains a portion written by Mary Anna Jackson regarding a clothing pattern.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Grace Arnold's education and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTelegram regards \"equalizing taxation onproperty\" in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards military officers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards appointing W. S. H. Baylor as a colonel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards rations and general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Under's Store, HQ, Valley District.\" Letter regards enemy troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards news of the Civil War and Stonewall Jackson's desire to return to VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards support of the Colonel in response to \"such foul aspirations against your character.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Near Mr. Jackson,\" Virginia. Letter praises William N. Pendleton for actions in battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the status of Margaret K. Langhorne's son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Big Spring, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Swift Run Gap, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder regards VMI Corps of Cadets joining the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten \"Near Harrisonburg,\" Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Valley District, Virginia. Letter thanks Francis H. Smith for his cooperation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Port Republic, Virginia. Letter regards promotion requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Gordonsville, Virginia. Letter regards potential promotions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from White Oak Bridge, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Bunker Hill, Virginia. Letter regards a potential position for \"Mr. Estill.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten \"Near Gordonsville,\" Virginia. Letter regards a leave of absence for Cadet Morrison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Bristow, Virginia. Letter regards Isaac R. Trimble's promotion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Miss Fairfield for breakfast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the potential appointment of Corporal Jas. P. Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder regards rovoking Col. D. K. McBeal as a brigadier general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards religion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\" Letter regards general Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\" Letter regards commissary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Caroline County, Virgina. Letter regards \"Gen. Hill\" leaving the Army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Caroline County, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter recommends that \"Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Near Fredericksburg,\" Virginia. Letter thanks Mitchell and Tyler for repairing a watch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePost-Civil War memoirs (circa 1865), written by Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving. The memoirs recount the winter of 1862-1863 when Stonewall Jackson established winter quarters on the Corbin estate in Moss Neck, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists primarily of the incoming and outgoing correspondence files of Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) from the post-Civil War era.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains papers relating to Julia Jackson Christian.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence to and from Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson), Stark W. Arnold, Jonathan Arnold, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes pamphlets concerning the life of Stonewall Jackson, sheet music dedicated to Jackson, and other items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.","The papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.","The papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).","All are original letters (ALS) written by Stonewall Jackson, unless noted otherwise.","Letters written while Stonewall Jackson was a cadet at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter fragment regards Stonewall Jackson's health and furlough.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letter regards daily life at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.","Letters written by Stonewall Jackson during the Mexican War.","Written on board the ship James L. Day. Letter regards travel to Point Isabel, Texas and general news about the Mexican War.","Written from Point Isabel, Texas. Letter regards travel to Texas, family matters, and plans to travel \"up the Rio Grande tomorrow.\"","Written from Veracruz, Mexico. Letter regards news of the Mexican War, daily life at camp, Stonewall Jackson's health, and family matters.","Written from camp near Veracruz, Mexico. Letter requests compensation for quartermaster duties.","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards a \"detailed acount of Mexico.\"","Written from Jalapa, Mexico. Letter regards troop movements and life at camp.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards general news of the war and family matters.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter describes the Passeo, a central road through the city, and general news of the war.","Written from National Palace, Mexico. Letter regards news of the war and General Pillow's trial.","Written from Mexico City, Mexico. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment.","Written from Governors Island, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's new station.","Written from Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Letter regards a trip to attend a court martial and the desire to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and travel back to New York.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards style of dress, historical studies, and that \"cholera has entirely disappeared from this place.\" Additionally, the letter includes a discussion of a thermometer.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards book catalogs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health, magazine subscriptions, and finances.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards family news, Stonewall Jackson's concern for Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) eyesight, and a new diet.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a fire at the stables, a potential visit in October, and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards the death of \"Uncle Cummins\" and family finances.","Written from Plattsburgh, New York. Letter regards travel to New York \"for the purpose of trying some prisoners.\"","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards an Invoice of Public Property.","Written from Fort Hamilton, New York. Letter regards a potential visit in October and the death of \"Uncle Cummins.\"","Written from Fort Ontario, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's membership \"of Courts Martial.\"","Written from West Point, New York. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's visit to West Point.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. In the letter, Stonewall Jackson gives his approval to put his name before the VMI Board of Visitors for a professorship position.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards a potential position at VMI and family news.","Written from Fort Meade, Florida. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's appointment as a VMI Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's arrival at VMI.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson starting his academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health and a discussion of Christianty.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards academic duties and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Stonewall Jackson's trip to see Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) next summer.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards garden seeds, fruit, and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a potential visit from George P. Terrill and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a missing package, family news, and a vocal concert.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and barracks construction.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virgina. Letter regards the springs and Stonewall Jackson's health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards an appreciation of Lexington and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards course designs for law lectures and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and preparations for teaching Natural Philosophy and Artillery.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards health and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and a potential visit in July.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards the springs and general news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to Niagara Falls, New York.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) daughter and general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's application for professorship at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) infant daughter and Stonewall Jackson's pending appointment at the University of Virginia.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and includes a portion written by Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from Healing Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to the springs.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Stonewall Jackson's wife Elinor Junkin Jackson.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchase of books and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and health.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from \"Uncle Alred's.\" Letter regards the potential purchase of land.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Letter regards family news and notes that the cadets \"have been absent at Petersburg and Richmond [Virginia] but are expected to be home today.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter fragment regards family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news.","Fragment regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from VMI, Lextington, Virginia. Letter regards corrections to the letter and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to Liverpool, England.","Written from \"Ship Asia at Sea.\" Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and the cities he wants to visit.","Written from Naples, Italy. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the places Stonewall Jackson visited during his trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. In the letter Stonewall Jackson announces his engagement to Mary Anna Morrison.","Written from Rockbridge Alum Springs, Virginia. Letter regards travel to Alum Springs.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news and mentions VMI faculty meetings.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's health and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the birth of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the death of Mary Graham Jackson.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from New York City, New York. Letter regards a trip to visit the Arnold family.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas arriving in Virginia.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Laura Ann Arnold's (Jackson) son Thomas.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Stonewall Jackson's trip to Europe.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from White Sulphur Springs, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family health news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and Thomas Arnold's accounts, which are written on the back of the letter.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter fragment regards discussion of purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news and Grace Arnold's education.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards purchases for the house. The letter also contains a portion written by Mary Anna Jackson regarding a clothing pattern.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards Grace Arnold's education and general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards a trip to visit Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson) and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Northampton, Massachusetts. Letter regards future purchases for Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson).","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards furniture purchases.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards religion and general family news.","Written from Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards general family news.","Telegram regards \"equalizing taxation onproperty\" in Virginia.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards military officers.","Written from Harpers Ferry, [West] Virginia. Letter regards appointing W. S. H. Baylor as a colonel.","Letter regards rations and general news.","Written from \"Under's Store, HQ, Valley District.\" Letter regards enemy troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards news of the Civil War and Stonewall Jackson's desire to return to VMI.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and troop movements.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards support of the Colonel in response to \"such foul aspirations against your character.\"","Written from \"Near Mr. Jackson,\" Virginia. Letter praises William N. Pendleton for actions in battle.","Letter regards the status of Margaret K. Langhorne's son.","Written from Big Spring, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Written from Swift Run Gap, Virginia. Letter requests assistance from Colonel Williamson.","Order regards VMI Corps of Cadets joining the Civil War.","Written \"Near Harrisonburg,\" Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Valley District, Virginia. Letter thanks Francis H. Smith for his cooperation.","Written from Port Republic, Virginia. Letter regards promotion requests.","Written from Gordonsville, Virginia. Letter regards potential promotions.","Written from White Oak Bridge, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements.","Written from Bunker Hill, Virginia. Letter regards a potential position for \"Mr. Estill.\"","Written \"Near Gordonsville,\" Virginia. Letter regards a leave of absence for Cadet Morrison.","Written from Bristow, Virginia. Letter regards Isaac R. Trimble's promotion.","Letter thanks Miss Fairfield for breakfast.","Letter regards the potential appointment of Corporal Jas. P. Smith.","Order regards rovoking Col. D. K. McBeal as a brigadier general.","Letter regards religion.","Written from \"Hd. Qrs. 2d. Corps A. N.Va.\" Letter regards general Civil War news.","Written from \"Hd Qrs. 2d Corps, A. N. Va.\" Letter regards commissary.","Written from Caroline County, Virgina. Letter regards \"Gen. Hill\" leaving the Army.","Written from Caroline County, Virginia. Letter regards general Civil War news.","Letter recommends that \"Col. B. D. Penn 7th La. Regt. be appointing Judge Advocate by the Genl. C. Martial for the trial of Brig. Genl. J. R. Jones.\"","Written from \"Near Fredericksburg,\" Virginia. Letter thanks Mitchell and Tyler for repairing a watch.","Letter regards troop movements.","Post-Civil War memoirs (circa 1865), written by Roberta Cary Corbin Kinsolving. The memoirs recount the winter of 1862-1863 when Stonewall Jackson established winter quarters on the Corbin estate in Moss Neck, Virginia.","This series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).","This series consists primarily of the incoming and outgoing correspondence files of Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) from the post-Civil War era.","This series contains papers relating to Julia Jackson Christian.","This series includes correspondence to and from Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson), Stark W. Arnold, Jonathan Arnold, and others.","This series includes pamphlets concerning the life of Stonewall Jackson, sheet music dedicated to Jackson, and other items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a29f9f8b59d941d7ba0273232d427810\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911"],"persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. 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legal, or other non-public information.","Some items in this folder are restricted and may include FERPA, personnel, legal, or other non-public information.","Some items in this folder are restricted and may include FERPA, personnel, legal, or other non-public information.","Some items in this folder are restricted and may include FERPA, personnel, legal, or other non-public information.","Some items in this folder are restricted and may include FERPA, personnel, legal, or other non-public information.","The sub-series in this series are comprised of categories specified by the Office of Communications and Marketing.","The sub-series in this series are comprised of categories specified by the Office of Communications and Marketing.","The IBM Data Processing Center was established at Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in 1962-1963.","The material in this sub-series is related to the Biennial meeting and conference.","Virginia Military Institute Archives","VMI Foundation","Bunting, 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The catalogs include strings, woodwinds, percussion, etc.","This file consists of many recommendation letters, letters concerning Robert Stewart's compositions, and personal letters.","This file consists of a lecture by Robert Stewart given at the 'CAC Meeting #4.'","This file consists of miscellanious items, mostly music programs, newspaper clippings, and a photograph of a bride and groom.","This file consists of reviews and notices of Robert Stewart's 'Trio No. 4.' The file also contains two photographs of the Roxbury Chamber Players, who played the piece.","This file consists of material regarding Robert Stewart's trip to Tufts University European Centers in Talloires, France to play in he Montanea Fesival in July 1991.","The file includes: A Lenfest Center folder Commencement Exercises Program, 1983 Fine Arts Division Presentation of Awards Program, June 2, 1993 Letter from John D. Wilson, December 2, 1986 Washington and Lee Concert Guild Program, 1989-90 Washington and Lee fine Arts Calendar of Events","This file consists of letters and documents pertaining to the American Composers Alliance.","This file consists of letters from George Steiner, Director of the American Music Symposium, to Robert Stewart concerning the American University's Contemporary Music Symposium, 1961. It also includes a program list. Robert Stewart's 'Prelude for Strings' was selected to be played at the symposium.","This file consists of letters, programs, notes, and newspaper articles about The Bennington Compersers' Conference. Most of the material is from 1961, 1962, and 1963.","This file consists of programs from Washington and Lee University, Hollins College, and the University of Virginia. It also includes a letter to Stewart from Anne McClenny of Hollins College, Va., a schedule of rehearsals and performances, and a page of financial records. Robert Stewart played the violin in the Blue Ridge Chamber Music Players.","This file consists of four copies of a program from Georgia State College's Fifth Annual Symposium of Contemporary Music for Brass where Robert Stewart's Brass Quintet No. 2 was featured. Brass Quintet No. 2 was commissioned at the 1965-66 Symposium by the Georgia State College Foundation. The file also includes a letter from Walter W. Wich inquiring to buy a copy of Brass Quintet No. 2.","This file consists of Robert Stewart's notes on 'Three Pieces for Brass Quintet,' a program where 'Quintet - 3 Pieces' was performed, and of a review by The Atlanta Constitution.","This file consists of letters to Stewart from The Brevard Music Center, regulations for the Third Annual Composers Symposium at Brevard Music Center, and a poster from the Transylvania Music Camp in Brevard, North Carolina.","This file consists of course assingments, notes, and examination requirements, many from Rizzo School of Music.","This file includes four copies of a program from the 16th Annual Regional Composers Forum at the University of Alabama, where Stewart's 'Fantasia for Viola and Chamber Orchestra' was played.","This file consists of two accounts of a great flood in Lexington as a result of Hurricane Camille in 1969.","This file consists of letters to Robert Stewart from the College and Specialist Bureau concerning opening at various colleges. It also contains letters of inquiry from Stewart and correspondences from different colleges. Many of the letters are from James G. Leyburn and Marion Letcher from Washington and Lee University.","This file consists of undergraduate report cards, a photograph, postcards, an Omicron Dela Kappa certificate, and a progam from the Washington and Lee Class of 1966 Twenty-Fifth Reunion.","This file consists of two programs that do not mention Robert Stewart's work. The first is from the Northern Virginia Teachers Association, and second is 'Currents - The New-Music Ensemble at the University of Richmond' presents 'New Music by Virginia Composers,' 1990.","Robert Stewart was the Concertmaster.","This file consists of newsletters, minutes, and rosters of members from the Southeastern Composers' League.","This file consists of correspondences between Stewart and Barton Cummings regarding a tuba piece that Stewart composed for Cummings.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  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Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], Robert Stewart Papers, WLU Coll. 0323, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VAIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes Stewart's correspondence, programs that include his compositions, classroom materials, reviews and notices of his works, and materials from professorial organizations and conferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of American Composers Alliance Catalogs and the Alliance's Articles of Association, 1955. The catalogs include strings, woodwinds, percussion, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of many recommendation letters, letters concerning Robert Stewart's compositions, and personal letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of a lecture by Robert Stewart given at the 'CAC Meeting #4.'\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of miscellanious items, mostly music programs, newspaper clippings, and a photograph of a bride and groom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of reviews and notices of Robert Stewart's 'Trio No. 4.' The file also contains two photographs of the Roxbury Chamber Players, who played the piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of material regarding Robert Stewart's trip to Tufts University European Centers in Talloires, France to play in he Montanea Fesival in July 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe file includes:\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA Lenfest Center folder\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommencement Exercises Program, 1983\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFine Arts Division Presentation of Awards Program, June 2, 1993\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLetter from John D. Wilson, December 2, 1986\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWashington and Lee Concert Guild Program, 1989-90\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWashington and Lee fine Arts Calendar of Events\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of letters and documents pertaining to the American Composers Alliance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of letters from George Steiner, Director of the American Music Symposium, to Robert Stewart concerning the American University's Contemporary Music Symposium, 1961. It also includes a program list. Robert Stewart's 'Prelude for Strings' was selected to be played at the symposium.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of letters, programs, notes, and newspaper articles about The Bennington Compersers' Conference. Most of the material is from 1961, 1962, and 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of programs from Washington and Lee University, Hollins College, and the University of Virginia. It also includes a letter to Stewart from Anne McClenny of Hollins College, Va., a schedule of rehearsals and performances, and a page of financial records. Robert Stewart played the violin in the Blue Ridge Chamber Music Players.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of four copies of a program from Georgia State College's Fifth Annual Symposium of Contemporary Music for Brass where Robert Stewart's Brass Quintet No. 2 was featured. Brass Quintet No. 2 was commissioned at the 1965-66 Symposium by the Georgia State College Foundation. The file also includes a letter from Walter W. Wich inquiring to buy a copy of Brass Quintet No. 2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of Robert Stewart's notes on 'Three Pieces for Brass Quintet,' a program where 'Quintet - 3 Pieces' was performed, and of a review by The Atlanta Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of letters to Stewart from The Brevard Music Center, regulations for the Third Annual Composers Symposium at Brevard Music Center, and a poster from the Transylvania Music Camp in Brevard, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of course assingments, notes, and examination requirements, many from Rizzo School of Music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file includes four copies of a program from the 16th Annual Regional Composers Forum at the University of Alabama, where Stewart's 'Fantasia for Viola and Chamber Orchestra' was played.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of two accounts of a great flood in Lexington as a result of Hurricane Camille in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of letters to Robert Stewart from the College and Specialist Bureau concerning opening at various colleges. It also contains letters of inquiry from Stewart and correspondences from different colleges. Many of the letters are from James G. Leyburn and Marion Letcher from Washington and Lee University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of undergraduate report cards, a photograph, postcards, an Omicron Dela Kappa certificate, and a progam from the Washington and Lee Class of 1966 Twenty-Fifth Reunion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of two programs that do not mention Robert Stewart's work. The first is from the Northern Virginia Teachers Association, and second is 'Currents - The New-Music Ensemble at the University of Richmond' presents 'New Music by Virginia Composers,' 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert Stewart was the Concertmaster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of newsletters, minutes, and rosters of members from the Southeastern Composers' League.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of correspondences between Stewart and Barton Cummings regarding a tuba piece that Stewart composed for Cummings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes Stewart's correspondence, programs that include his compositions, classroom materials, reviews and notices of his works, and materials from professorial organizations and conferences.","This file consists of American Composers Alliance Catalogs and the Alliance's Articles of Association, 1955. The catalogs include strings, woodwinds, percussion, etc.","This file consists of many recommendation letters, letters concerning Robert Stewart's compositions, and personal letters.","This file consists of a lecture by Robert Stewart given at the 'CAC Meeting #4.'","This file consists of miscellanious items, mostly music programs, newspaper clippings, and a photograph of a bride and groom.","This file consists of reviews and notices of Robert Stewart's 'Trio No. 4.' The file also contains two photographs of the Roxbury Chamber Players, who played the piece.","This file consists of material regarding Robert Stewart's trip to Tufts University European Centers in Talloires, France to play in he Montanea Fesival in July 1991.","The file includes: A Lenfest Center folder Commencement Exercises Program, 1983 Fine Arts Division Presentation of Awards Program, June 2, 1993 Letter from John D. Wilson, December 2, 1986 Washington and Lee Concert Guild Program, 1989-90 Washington and Lee fine Arts Calendar of Events","This file consists of letters and documents pertaining to the American Composers Alliance.","This file consists of letters from George Steiner, Director of the American Music Symposium, to Robert Stewart concerning the American University's Contemporary Music Symposium, 1961. It also includes a program list. Robert Stewart's 'Prelude for Strings' was selected to be played at the symposium.","This file consists of letters, programs, notes, and newspaper articles about The Bennington Compersers' Conference. Most of the material is from 1961, 1962, and 1963.","This file consists of programs from Washington and Lee University, Hollins College, and the University of Virginia. It also includes a letter to Stewart from Anne McClenny of Hollins College, Va., a schedule of rehearsals and performances, and a page of financial records. Robert Stewart played the violin in the Blue Ridge Chamber Music Players.","This file consists of four copies of a program from Georgia State College's Fifth Annual Symposium of Contemporary Music for Brass where Robert Stewart's Brass Quintet No. 2 was featured. Brass Quintet No. 2 was commissioned at the 1965-66 Symposium by the Georgia State College Foundation. The file also includes a letter from Walter W. Wich inquiring to buy a copy of Brass Quintet No. 2.","This file consists of Robert Stewart's notes on 'Three Pieces for Brass Quintet,' a program where 'Quintet - 3 Pieces' was performed, and of a review by The Atlanta Constitution.","This file consists of letters to Stewart from The Brevard Music Center, regulations for the Third Annual Composers Symposium at Brevard Music Center, and a poster from the Transylvania Music Camp in Brevard, North Carolina.","This file consists of course assingments, notes, and examination requirements, many from Rizzo School of Music.","This file includes four copies of a program from the 16th Annual Regional Composers Forum at the University of Alabama, where Stewart's 'Fantasia for Viola and Chamber Orchestra' was played.","This file consists of two accounts of a great flood in Lexington as a result of Hurricane Camille in 1969.","This file consists of letters to Robert Stewart from the College and Specialist Bureau concerning opening at various colleges. It also contains letters of inquiry from Stewart and correspondences from different colleges. Many of the letters are from James G. Leyburn and Marion Letcher from Washington and Lee University.","This file consists of undergraduate report cards, a photograph, postcards, an Omicron Dela Kappa certificate, and a progam from the Washington and Lee Class of 1966 Twenty-Fifth Reunion.","This file consists of two programs that do not mention Robert Stewart's work. The first is from the Northern Virginia Teachers Association, and second is 'Currents - The New-Music Ensemble at the University of Richmond' presents 'New Music by Virginia Composers,' 1990.","Robert Stewart was the Concertmaster.","This file consists of newsletters, minutes, and rosters of members from the Southeastern Composers' League.","This file consists of correspondences between Stewart and Barton Cummings regarding a tuba piece that Stewart composed for Cummings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington and Lee University. Department of Music"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington and Lee University. Department of Music","American Composers Alliance","New York Times Company","Richmond Symphony","Chicago Federation of Musicians","Washington and Lee University","Atlanta Symphony Orchestra","Roanoke Symphony Orchestra","Madison College","University of South Carolina","Brevard Music Center","Louisiana State University (Baton Rouge, La.)","Georgia State University","Tennessee Technological University","James Madison University","Albany Symphony Orchestra","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","Mary Baldwin College","Washington Post Company","Tufts University","American Music Center (New York, N.Y.)","American University (Washington, D.C.)","Bennington College","University of Virginia","Hollins College","Georgia State College (Atlanta, Ga.)","Manhattan School of Music (New York, N.Y.)","University of Alabama","University of Georgia","New-York Historical Society","Southeastern Composers' League","Iowa String Quartet","University of Iowa","George Peabody College for Teachers","Stewart, Robert","Rentowski, Wieslaw","Sessions, William Lad","Mohler, William Norman","Luening, Otto","Fauteux, Kenneth Michael, Dr.","Homans, Peter Parkman","Babbitt, Milton","Moylan, William","Lessard, John","Booth, Philip","Hartog, William M., III","Gordon, Albert Claude","Spice, Gordon Philip","McAhren, Robert W. (Robert Willard)","Kolman, Barry H.","Lifchitz, Max","Miller, Anita","Wilson, John Delane","Watt, William Joseph","Williams, Henry Gordon, Jr.","Lancaster, Albert Lake","Pusey, William W., III (William Webb)","Elrod, John W.","Warner, John W.","Wright, Frank Lloyd","Radford College","Korte, Karl","Pfohl, James Christian","Corrigan, Eugene F.","Spencer, Edgar Winston","Bales, Richard","Stewart, Sue","Turetzky, Bertram","Wuorinen, Charles","Marx, Josef","Skowronek, Felix","Bloom, Arthur A.","Pachman, Maurice","Raab, Emil","Calabrese, Rosalie","Shelton, Mark","Atkins, Leroy C., II","Mahin, Bruce P.","Kniebusch, Carol","Niethamer, David","Wen-Chung, Chou","Strandberg, Newton","Rowand, Wilbur H.","Leyburn, James Graham","Junkin, Marion Montague","Spelman, Leslie P.","Doty, E. William (Ezra William)","Cummings, Barton"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington and Lee University. Department of Music","American Composers Alliance","New York Times Company","Richmond Symphony","Chicago Federation of Musicians","Washington and Lee University","Atlanta Symphony Orchestra","Roanoke Symphony Orchestra","Madison College","University of South Carolina","Brevard Music Center","Louisiana State University (Baton Rouge, La.)","Georgia State University","Tennessee Technological University","James Madison University","Albany Symphony Orchestra","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","Mary Baldwin College","Washington Post Company","Tufts University","American Music Center (New York, N.Y.)","American University (Washington, D.C.)","Bennington College","University of Virginia","Hollins College","Georgia State College (Atlanta, Ga.)","Manhattan School of Music (New York, N.Y.)","University of Alabama","University of Georgia","New-York Historical Society","Southeastern Composers' League","Iowa String Quartet","University of Iowa","George Peabody College for Teachers"],"persname_ssim":["Stewart, Robert","Rentowski, Wieslaw","Sessions, William Lad","Mohler, William Norman","Luening, Otto","Fauteux, Kenneth Michael, Dr.","Homans, Peter Parkman","Babbitt, Milton","Moylan, William","Lessard, John","Booth, Philip","Hartog, William M., III","Gordon, Albert Claude","Spice, Gordon Philip","McAhren, Robert W. (Robert Willard)","Kolman, Barry H.","Lifchitz, Max","Miller, Anita","Wilson, John Delane","Watt, William Joseph","Williams, Henry Gordon, Jr.","Lancaster, Albert Lake","Pusey, William W., III (William Webb)","Elrod, John W.","Warner, John W.","Wright, Frank Lloyd","Radford College","Korte, Karl","Pfohl, James Christian","Corrigan, Eugene F.","Spencer, Edgar Winston","Bales, Richard","Stewart, Sue","Turetzky, Bertram","Wuorinen, Charles","Marx, Josef","Skowronek, Felix","Bloom, Arthur A.","Pachman, Maurice","Raab, Emil","Calabrese, Rosalie","Shelton, Mark","Atkins, Leroy C., II","Mahin, Bruce P.","Kniebusch, Carol","Niethamer, David","Wen-Chung, Chou","Strandberg, Newton","Rowand, Wilbur H.","Leyburn, James Graham","Junkin, Marion Montague","Spelman, Leslie P.","Doty, E. William (Ezra William)","Cummings, Barton"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":50,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:04:55.013Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_538_c46"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Strout Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1306#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1306#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Strout family members during World War II and the Vietnam War. The Strout family lives in Milbridge, Maine. Includes certificates and publications from each era. Herbert C. Strout, WWII, was stationed in Germany at the close of the war. Jerry L. Stout, Vietnam War, was a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company and served two tours.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1306#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1306.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Strout Family Papers","title_ssm":["Strout Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Strout Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2008.22","/repositories/2/resources/1306"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2008.22","/repositories/2/resources/1306","Strout Family Papers","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945","Certificates","Correspondence","Publications","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Series One is Herbert C. Strout family correspondence from World War II and Series Two is Jerry L. Strout family correspondence from the Vietnam War.","U.S. Army Private during World War II. Home was in Milbridge, Maine.","Correspondence between Strout family members during World War II and the Vietnam War. The Strout family lives in Milbridge, Maine. Includes certificates and publications from each era. Herbert C. Strout, WWII, was stationed in Germany at the close of the war. Jerry L. Stout, Vietnam War, was a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company and served two tours."," The World War II correspondence was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.23 and the Vietnam War material was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.22. Both are grouped under 2008.22.","Mostly correspondence between Herbert C. Strout and his wife, Phyllis Chipman Strout and daughter, Margaret, while Herbert Strout was stationed in South Carolina and Germany as a private in the U.S. Army. Other correspondents include Harold Chipman, Roy Strout, Shirley P. Strout, Ruth Chipman, Barbara Chipman, Tom Chipman, Elwood Strout and other relatives. Herbert Strout was stationed in Germany at the end of the war and during the occupation. Letters contain family and local news. Military news is noted in the inventory.","Letters from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout (Mrs. Phyllis C. Strout), his sister. Stationed at Marine Engine School in Maine in January, but overseas in a combat zone by May. Son, Harold, Jr., in Camp Gordon in Johnston, Florida in Sept. 1943. Greeting card from \"Senior Class, UHS; with greeting, \"Here's Our Gift to One of Uncle Sam's Boys!\" Undated. Sgt. C.H. Copeland to Miss Margorie P. Upton of Salem, Massachusetts.","Includes letters from S.S. Wallace, signed \"Grampy and Aunt Sally,\" to Phyllis Strout, letters between Phyllis Strout and Herbert Strout, Vmail from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout and letter from Roy Strout to Herbert Strout, his brother. Private Herbert C. Strout is stationed in Camp Croft, South Carolina. Letters contain family and local news.","Correspondents are Harold Strout, Phyllis Strout, Herbert Strout's parents and Shirley Strout.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout, Roy Strout and Ruth Chipman.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout and Mrs. Agnes Strout to her son.","Private S. P. Wallace (Uncle Phil) to Mrs. Phyllis Strout. He is in a combat zone fighting Germans. Vmail from Herbert Strout to Phyllis and family. He is stationed in Germany.","Herbert Strout, in Germany, to his wife on February 4, 1946, \"we are having court again…this afternoon I am going to go out on a little investigation…\" . By March 1946, Herbert writes to his wife that he is tired of arguing by letter and had hoped to return to a happy home, which is not the case. Trouble between his wife and their families. On March 17, 1946, he comments \"We got a German General a few days ago that is wanted for war crimes.\" Other correspondents are Barbara Chipman and Aunt Sally.","Herbert Strout to Private Elwood J. Strout. On envelope: Absent without leave, current address unknown. 1951 T.R. (Tom) Chipman of the United States Air Force, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, Mississippi, to his sister, Phyllis Strout. 1959.","Letters from Jerry L. Strout to his parents, sister and brother while serving in Vietnam as a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company.","Writes to his sister, mother and father while training at Fort Dix, New Jersey and at Fort Eustis, Virginia. Training exercises and his wish to get mechanical training to work on trucks rather than airplanes.","Sends sister a copy of the phonetic alphabet. Training exercises such as running through a gas chamber. Poem by James M. Sweet. March 1969. Tells his location is Vietnam and gives detail about attacks.. Sends price list for Overseas Distribution for Maverick Passenger cars. May 12: \"…had three rockets come in…I just rolled over on the floor and under my bed…\" \"watched B52 attacks on the mountain and HUEY COBRA's gunships…about every night.\"","In January he is still overseas, but by March 21, stationed at Ft. Carson, Colorado and working in Supply. By June 19, he is back overseas after signing up for a second tour. He is in the 178th and the 132nd, but is trying to stay in the 132nd. July 25 – working in maintenance near Cam Duc.","Stationed in Vietnam. Takes course in auto mechanics.","Begins counting down the days he has remaining in Vietnam. His brother, Terry, joins the army. Has his own maintenance team, which he likes, but he does not enjoy working maintenance. The \"lifers\" will not let him do anything else. March 1971, he refutes the rumor that he is in Laos. He is still in Vietnam with 80+ days left. April \"I take medicine to sleep nights, too…comes in red, white and blue cans…\" Most Rev. Paul L. Seitz, Bishop of Kontum in Vietnam requesting donations. Form letter. 1972.","Empty envelopes, news clippings, military pay certificates, addresses, notes, postcard and cards.","Clothing and equipment record Geneva Conventions Identification Card (2) Request for Foreign Service (Overseas Assignment) March 23, 1970 PQR Checklist DA Form 41 Work Sheet Identifying Data Assignment and other documents.","\"Aviation Digest\" \"Southern Cross\" \"The Mark of a Man\" about combat arms. \"America\" \"Pacific Stars and Stripes\" \"The Preventive Maintenance Monthly: Map of Saigon-Cholon \"Life in Vietnam\" The Weekly News Magazine","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Chipman family","Strout family","Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2008.22","/repositories/2/resources/1306"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Strout Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Strout Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Strout Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"creator_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"creators_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945","Certificates","Correspondence","Publications"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945","Certificates","Correspondence","Publications"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.80 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.80 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Certificates","Correspondence","Publications"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries One is Herbert C. Strout family correspondence from World War II and Series Two is Jerry L. Strout family correspondence from the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series One is Herbert C. Strout family correspondence from World War II and Series Two is Jerry L. Strout family correspondence from the Vietnam War."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eU.S. Army Private during World War II. Home was in Milbridge, Maine.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["U.S. Army Private during World War II. Home was in Milbridge, Maine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStrout Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Strout Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Strout family members during World War II and the Vietnam War. The Strout family lives in Milbridge, Maine. Includes certificates and publications from each era. Herbert C. Strout, WWII, was stationed in Germany at the close of the war. Jerry L. Stout, Vietnam War, was a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company and served two tours.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The World War II correspondence was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.23 and the Vietnam War material was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.22. Both are grouped under 2008.22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly correspondence between Herbert C. Strout and his wife, Phyllis Chipman Strout and daughter, Margaret, while Herbert Strout was stationed in South Carolina and Germany as a private in the U.S. Army. Other correspondents include Harold Chipman, Roy Strout, Shirley P. Strout, Ruth Chipman, Barbara Chipman, Tom Chipman, Elwood Strout and other relatives. Herbert Strout was stationed in Germany at the end of the war and during the occupation. Letters contain family and local news. Military news is noted in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout (Mrs. Phyllis C. Strout), his sister. Stationed at Marine Engine School in Maine in January, but overseas in a combat zone by May. Son, Harold, Jr., in Camp Gordon in Johnston, Florida in Sept. 1943. Greeting card from \"Senior Class, UHS; with greeting, \"Here's Our Gift to One of Uncle Sam's Boys!\" Undated. Sgt. C.H. Copeland to Miss Margorie P. Upton of Salem, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters from S.S. Wallace, signed \"Grampy and Aunt Sally,\" to Phyllis Strout, letters between Phyllis Strout and Herbert Strout, Vmail from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout and letter from Roy Strout to Herbert Strout, his brother. Private Herbert C. Strout is stationed in Camp Croft, South Carolina. Letters contain family and local news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents are Harold Strout, Phyllis Strout, Herbert Strout's parents and Shirley Strout.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout, Roy Strout and Ruth Chipman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout and Mrs. Agnes Strout to her son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrivate S. P. Wallace (Uncle Phil) to Mrs. Phyllis Strout. He is in a combat zone fighting Germans. Vmail from Herbert Strout to Phyllis and family. He is stationed in Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHerbert Strout, in Germany, to his wife on February 4, 1946, \"we are having court again…this afternoon I am going to go out on a little investigation…\" . By March 1946, Herbert writes to his wife that he is tired of arguing by letter and had hoped to return to a happy home, which is not the case. Trouble between his wife and their families. On March 17, 1946, he comments \"We got a German General a few days ago that is wanted for war crimes.\" Other correspondents are Barbara Chipman and Aunt Sally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHerbert Strout to Private Elwood J. Strout. On envelope: Absent without leave, current address unknown. 1951 T.R. (Tom) Chipman of the United States Air Force, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, Mississippi, to his sister, Phyllis Strout. 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from Jerry L. Strout to his parents, sister and brother while serving in Vietnam as a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites to his sister, mother and father while training at Fort Dix, New Jersey and at Fort Eustis, Virginia. Training exercises and his wish to get mechanical training to work on trucks rather than airplanes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends sister a copy of the phonetic alphabet. Training exercises such as running through a gas chamber. Poem by James M. Sweet. March 1969. Tells his location is Vietnam and gives detail about attacks.. Sends price list for Overseas Distribution for Maverick Passenger cars. May 12: \"…had three rockets come in…I just rolled over on the floor and under my bed…\" \"watched B52 attacks on the mountain and HUEY COBRA's gunships…about every night.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January he is still overseas, but by March 21, stationed at Ft. Carson, Colorado and working in Supply. By June 19, he is back overseas after signing up for a second tour. He is in the 178th and the 132nd, but is trying to stay in the 132nd. July 25 – working in maintenance near Cam Duc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStationed in Vietnam. Takes course in auto mechanics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBegins counting down the days he has remaining in Vietnam. His brother, Terry, joins the army. Has his own maintenance team, which he likes, but he does not enjoy working maintenance. The \"lifers\" will not let him do anything else. March 1971, he refutes the rumor that he is in Laos. He is still in Vietnam with 80+ days left. April \"I take medicine to sleep nights, too…comes in red, white and blue cans…\" Most Rev. Paul L. Seitz, Bishop of Kontum in Vietnam requesting donations. Form letter. 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmpty envelopes, news clippings, military pay certificates, addresses, notes, postcard and cards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClothing and equipment record Geneva Conventions Identification Card (2) Request for Foreign Service (Overseas Assignment) March 23, 1970 PQR Checklist DA Form 41 Work Sheet Identifying Data Assignment and other documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Aviation Digest\" \"Southern Cross\" \"The Mark of a Man\" about combat arms. \"America\" \"Pacific Stars and Stripes\" \"The Preventive Maintenance Monthly: Map of Saigon-Cholon \"Life in Vietnam\" The Weekly News Magazine\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence between Strout family members during World War II and the Vietnam War. The Strout family lives in Milbridge, Maine. Includes certificates and publications from each era. Herbert C. Strout, WWII, was stationed in Germany at the close of the war. Jerry L. Stout, Vietnam War, was a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company and served two tours."," The World War II correspondence was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.23 and the Vietnam War material was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.22. Both are grouped under 2008.22.","Mostly correspondence between Herbert C. Strout and his wife, Phyllis Chipman Strout and daughter, Margaret, while Herbert Strout was stationed in South Carolina and Germany as a private in the U.S. Army. Other correspondents include Harold Chipman, Roy Strout, Shirley P. Strout, Ruth Chipman, Barbara Chipman, Tom Chipman, Elwood Strout and other relatives. Herbert Strout was stationed in Germany at the end of the war and during the occupation. Letters contain family and local news. Military news is noted in the inventory.","Letters from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout (Mrs. Phyllis C. Strout), his sister. Stationed at Marine Engine School in Maine in January, but overseas in a combat zone by May. Son, Harold, Jr., in Camp Gordon in Johnston, Florida in Sept. 1943. Greeting card from \"Senior Class, UHS; with greeting, \"Here's Our Gift to One of Uncle Sam's Boys!\" Undated. Sgt. C.H. Copeland to Miss Margorie P. Upton of Salem, Massachusetts.","Includes letters from S.S. Wallace, signed \"Grampy and Aunt Sally,\" to Phyllis Strout, letters between Phyllis Strout and Herbert Strout, Vmail from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout and letter from Roy Strout to Herbert Strout, his brother. Private Herbert C. Strout is stationed in Camp Croft, South Carolina. Letters contain family and local news.","Correspondents are Harold Strout, Phyllis Strout, Herbert Strout's parents and Shirley Strout.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout, Roy Strout and Ruth Chipman.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout and Mrs. Agnes Strout to her son.","Private S. P. Wallace (Uncle Phil) to Mrs. Phyllis Strout. He is in a combat zone fighting Germans. Vmail from Herbert Strout to Phyllis and family. He is stationed in Germany.","Herbert Strout, in Germany, to his wife on February 4, 1946, \"we are having court again…this afternoon I am going to go out on a little investigation…\" . By March 1946, Herbert writes to his wife that he is tired of arguing by letter and had hoped to return to a happy home, which is not the case. Trouble between his wife and their families. On March 17, 1946, he comments \"We got a German General a few days ago that is wanted for war crimes.\" Other correspondents are Barbara Chipman and Aunt Sally.","Herbert Strout to Private Elwood J. Strout. On envelope: Absent without leave, current address unknown. 1951 T.R. (Tom) Chipman of the United States Air Force, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, Mississippi, to his sister, Phyllis Strout. 1959.","Letters from Jerry L. Strout to his parents, sister and brother while serving in Vietnam as a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company.","Writes to his sister, mother and father while training at Fort Dix, New Jersey and at Fort Eustis, Virginia. Training exercises and his wish to get mechanical training to work on trucks rather than airplanes.","Sends sister a copy of the phonetic alphabet. Training exercises such as running through a gas chamber. Poem by James M. Sweet. March 1969. Tells his location is Vietnam and gives detail about attacks.. Sends price list for Overseas Distribution for Maverick Passenger cars. May 12: \"…had three rockets come in…I just rolled over on the floor and under my bed…\" \"watched B52 attacks on the mountain and HUEY COBRA's gunships…about every night.\"","In January he is still overseas, but by March 21, stationed at Ft. Carson, Colorado and working in Supply. By June 19, he is back overseas after signing up for a second tour. He is in the 178th and the 132nd, but is trying to stay in the 132nd. July 25 – working in maintenance near Cam Duc.","Stationed in Vietnam. Takes course in auto mechanics.","Begins counting down the days he has remaining in Vietnam. His brother, Terry, joins the army. Has his own maintenance team, which he likes, but he does not enjoy working maintenance. The \"lifers\" will not let him do anything else. March 1971, he refutes the rumor that he is in Laos. He is still in Vietnam with 80+ days left. April \"I take medicine to sleep nights, too…comes in red, white and blue cans…\" Most Rev. Paul L. Seitz, Bishop of Kontum in Vietnam requesting donations. Form letter. 1972.","Empty envelopes, news clippings, military pay certificates, addresses, notes, postcard and cards.","Clothing and equipment record Geneva Conventions Identification Card (2) Request for Foreign Service (Overseas Assignment) March 23, 1970 PQR Checklist DA Form 41 Work Sheet Identifying Data Assignment and other documents.","\"Aviation Digest\" \"Southern Cross\" \"The Mark of a Man\" about combat arms. \"America\" \"Pacific Stars and Stripes\" \"The Preventive Maintenance Monthly: Map of Saigon-Cholon \"Life in Vietnam\" The Weekly News Magazine"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Chipman family","Strout family","Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Chipman family","Strout family"],"famname_ssim":["Chipman family","Strout family"],"persname_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T14:27:26.313Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1306","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1306.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Strout Family Papers","title_ssm":["Strout Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Strout Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2008.22","/repositories/2/resources/1306"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2008.22","/repositories/2/resources/1306","Strout Family Papers","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945","Certificates","Correspondence","Publications","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Series One is Herbert C. Strout family correspondence from World War II and Series Two is Jerry L. Strout family correspondence from the Vietnam War.","U.S. Army Private during World War II. Home was in Milbridge, Maine.","Correspondence between Strout family members during World War II and the Vietnam War. The Strout family lives in Milbridge, Maine. Includes certificates and publications from each era. Herbert C. Strout, WWII, was stationed in Germany at the close of the war. Jerry L. Stout, Vietnam War, was a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company and served two tours."," The World War II correspondence was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.23 and the Vietnam War material was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.22. Both are grouped under 2008.22.","Mostly correspondence between Herbert C. Strout and his wife, Phyllis Chipman Strout and daughter, Margaret, while Herbert Strout was stationed in South Carolina and Germany as a private in the U.S. Army. Other correspondents include Harold Chipman, Roy Strout, Shirley P. Strout, Ruth Chipman, Barbara Chipman, Tom Chipman, Elwood Strout and other relatives. Herbert Strout was stationed in Germany at the end of the war and during the occupation. Letters contain family and local news. Military news is noted in the inventory.","Letters from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout (Mrs. Phyllis C. Strout), his sister. Stationed at Marine Engine School in Maine in January, but overseas in a combat zone by May. Son, Harold, Jr., in Camp Gordon in Johnston, Florida in Sept. 1943. Greeting card from \"Senior Class, UHS; with greeting, \"Here's Our Gift to One of Uncle Sam's Boys!\" Undated. Sgt. C.H. Copeland to Miss Margorie P. Upton of Salem, Massachusetts.","Includes letters from S.S. Wallace, signed \"Grampy and Aunt Sally,\" to Phyllis Strout, letters between Phyllis Strout and Herbert Strout, Vmail from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout and letter from Roy Strout to Herbert Strout, his brother. Private Herbert C. Strout is stationed in Camp Croft, South Carolina. Letters contain family and local news.","Correspondents are Harold Strout, Phyllis Strout, Herbert Strout's parents and Shirley Strout.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout, Roy Strout and Ruth Chipman.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout and Mrs. Agnes Strout to her son.","Private S. P. Wallace (Uncle Phil) to Mrs. Phyllis Strout. He is in a combat zone fighting Germans. Vmail from Herbert Strout to Phyllis and family. He is stationed in Germany.","Herbert Strout, in Germany, to his wife on February 4, 1946, \"we are having court again…this afternoon I am going to go out on a little investigation…\" . By March 1946, Herbert writes to his wife that he is tired of arguing by letter and had hoped to return to a happy home, which is not the case. Trouble between his wife and their families. On March 17, 1946, he comments \"We got a German General a few days ago that is wanted for war crimes.\" Other correspondents are Barbara Chipman and Aunt Sally.","Herbert Strout to Private Elwood J. Strout. On envelope: Absent without leave, current address unknown. 1951 T.R. (Tom) Chipman of the United States Air Force, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, Mississippi, to his sister, Phyllis Strout. 1959.","Letters from Jerry L. Strout to his parents, sister and brother while serving in Vietnam as a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company.","Writes to his sister, mother and father while training at Fort Dix, New Jersey and at Fort Eustis, Virginia. Training exercises and his wish to get mechanical training to work on trucks rather than airplanes.","Sends sister a copy of the phonetic alphabet. Training exercises such as running through a gas chamber. Poem by James M. Sweet. March 1969. Tells his location is Vietnam and gives detail about attacks.. Sends price list for Overseas Distribution for Maverick Passenger cars. May 12: \"…had three rockets come in…I just rolled over on the floor and under my bed…\" \"watched B52 attacks on the mountain and HUEY COBRA's gunships…about every night.\"","In January he is still overseas, but by March 21, stationed at Ft. Carson, Colorado and working in Supply. By June 19, he is back overseas after signing up for a second tour. He is in the 178th and the 132nd, but is trying to stay in the 132nd. July 25 – working in maintenance near Cam Duc.","Stationed in Vietnam. Takes course in auto mechanics.","Begins counting down the days he has remaining in Vietnam. His brother, Terry, joins the army. Has his own maintenance team, which he likes, but he does not enjoy working maintenance. The \"lifers\" will not let him do anything else. March 1971, he refutes the rumor that he is in Laos. He is still in Vietnam with 80+ days left. April \"I take medicine to sleep nights, too…comes in red, white and blue cans…\" Most Rev. Paul L. Seitz, Bishop of Kontum in Vietnam requesting donations. Form letter. 1972.","Empty envelopes, news clippings, military pay certificates, addresses, notes, postcard and cards.","Clothing and equipment record Geneva Conventions Identification Card (2) Request for Foreign Service (Overseas Assignment) March 23, 1970 PQR Checklist DA Form 41 Work Sheet Identifying Data Assignment and other documents.","\"Aviation Digest\" \"Southern Cross\" \"The Mark of a Man\" about combat arms. \"America\" \"Pacific Stars and Stripes\" \"The Preventive Maintenance Monthly: Map of Saigon-Cholon \"Life in Vietnam\" The Weekly News Magazine","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Chipman family","Strout family","Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2008.22","/repositories/2/resources/1306"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Strout Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Strout Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Strout Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"creator_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"creators_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945","Certificates","Correspondence","Publications"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945","Certificates","Correspondence","Publications"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.80 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.80 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Certificates","Correspondence","Publications"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries One is Herbert C. Strout family correspondence from World War II and Series Two is Jerry L. Strout family correspondence from the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series One is Herbert C. Strout family correspondence from World War II and Series Two is Jerry L. Strout family correspondence from the Vietnam War."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eU.S. Army Private during World War II. Home was in Milbridge, Maine.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["U.S. Army Private during World War II. Home was in Milbridge, Maine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStrout Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Strout Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Strout family members during World War II and the Vietnam War. The Strout family lives in Milbridge, Maine. Includes certificates and publications from each era. Herbert C. Strout, WWII, was stationed in Germany at the close of the war. Jerry L. Stout, Vietnam War, was a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company and served two tours.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The World War II correspondence was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.23 and the Vietnam War material was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.22. Both are grouped under 2008.22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly correspondence between Herbert C. Strout and his wife, Phyllis Chipman Strout and daughter, Margaret, while Herbert Strout was stationed in South Carolina and Germany as a private in the U.S. Army. Other correspondents include Harold Chipman, Roy Strout, Shirley P. Strout, Ruth Chipman, Barbara Chipman, Tom Chipman, Elwood Strout and other relatives. Herbert Strout was stationed in Germany at the end of the war and during the occupation. Letters contain family and local news. Military news is noted in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout (Mrs. Phyllis C. Strout), his sister. Stationed at Marine Engine School in Maine in January, but overseas in a combat zone by May. Son, Harold, Jr., in Camp Gordon in Johnston, Florida in Sept. 1943. Greeting card from \"Senior Class, UHS; with greeting, \"Here's Our Gift to One of Uncle Sam's Boys!\" Undated. Sgt. C.H. Copeland to Miss Margorie P. Upton of Salem, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters from S.S. Wallace, signed \"Grampy and Aunt Sally,\" to Phyllis Strout, letters between Phyllis Strout and Herbert Strout, Vmail from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout and letter from Roy Strout to Herbert Strout, his brother. Private Herbert C. Strout is stationed in Camp Croft, South Carolina. Letters contain family and local news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents are Harold Strout, Phyllis Strout, Herbert Strout's parents and Shirley Strout.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout, Roy Strout and Ruth Chipman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout and Mrs. Agnes Strout to her son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrivate S. P. Wallace (Uncle Phil) to Mrs. Phyllis Strout. He is in a combat zone fighting Germans. Vmail from Herbert Strout to Phyllis and family. He is stationed in Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHerbert Strout, in Germany, to his wife on February 4, 1946, \"we are having court again…this afternoon I am going to go out on a little investigation…\" . By March 1946, Herbert writes to his wife that he is tired of arguing by letter and had hoped to return to a happy home, which is not the case. Trouble between his wife and their families. On March 17, 1946, he comments \"We got a German General a few days ago that is wanted for war crimes.\" Other correspondents are Barbara Chipman and Aunt Sally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHerbert Strout to Private Elwood J. Strout. On envelope: Absent without leave, current address unknown. 1951 T.R. (Tom) Chipman of the United States Air Force, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, Mississippi, to his sister, Phyllis Strout. 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from Jerry L. Strout to his parents, sister and brother while serving in Vietnam as a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites to his sister, mother and father while training at Fort Dix, New Jersey and at Fort Eustis, Virginia. Training exercises and his wish to get mechanical training to work on trucks rather than airplanes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends sister a copy of the phonetic alphabet. Training exercises such as running through a gas chamber. Poem by James M. Sweet. March 1969. Tells his location is Vietnam and gives detail about attacks.. Sends price list for Overseas Distribution for Maverick Passenger cars. May 12: \"…had three rockets come in…I just rolled over on the floor and under my bed…\" \"watched B52 attacks on the mountain and HUEY COBRA's gunships…about every night.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January he is still overseas, but by March 21, stationed at Ft. Carson, Colorado and working in Supply. By June 19, he is back overseas after signing up for a second tour. He is in the 178th and the 132nd, but is trying to stay in the 132nd. July 25 – working in maintenance near Cam Duc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStationed in Vietnam. Takes course in auto mechanics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBegins counting down the days he has remaining in Vietnam. His brother, Terry, joins the army. Has his own maintenance team, which he likes, but he does not enjoy working maintenance. The \"lifers\" will not let him do anything else. March 1971, he refutes the rumor that he is in Laos. He is still in Vietnam with 80+ days left. April \"I take medicine to sleep nights, too…comes in red, white and blue cans…\" Most Rev. Paul L. Seitz, Bishop of Kontum in Vietnam requesting donations. Form letter. 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmpty envelopes, news clippings, military pay certificates, addresses, notes, postcard and cards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClothing and equipment record Geneva Conventions Identification Card (2) Request for Foreign Service (Overseas Assignment) March 23, 1970 PQR Checklist DA Form 41 Work Sheet Identifying Data Assignment and other documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Aviation Digest\" \"Southern Cross\" \"The Mark of a Man\" about combat arms. \"America\" \"Pacific Stars and Stripes\" \"The Preventive Maintenance Monthly: Map of Saigon-Cholon \"Life in Vietnam\" The Weekly News Magazine\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence between Strout family members during World War II and the Vietnam War. The Strout family lives in Milbridge, Maine. Includes certificates and publications from each era. Herbert C. Strout, WWII, was stationed in Germany at the close of the war. Jerry L. Stout, Vietnam War, was a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company and served two tours."," The World War II correspondence was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.23 and the Vietnam War material was accessioned as Mss. Acc. 2008.22. Both are grouped under 2008.22.","Mostly correspondence between Herbert C. Strout and his wife, Phyllis Chipman Strout and daughter, Margaret, while Herbert Strout was stationed in South Carolina and Germany as a private in the U.S. Army. Other correspondents include Harold Chipman, Roy Strout, Shirley P. Strout, Ruth Chipman, Barbara Chipman, Tom Chipman, Elwood Strout and other relatives. Herbert Strout was stationed in Germany at the end of the war and during the occupation. Letters contain family and local news. Military news is noted in the inventory.","Letters from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout (Mrs. Phyllis C. Strout), his sister. Stationed at Marine Engine School in Maine in January, but overseas in a combat zone by May. Son, Harold, Jr., in Camp Gordon in Johnston, Florida in Sept. 1943. Greeting card from \"Senior Class, UHS; with greeting, \"Here's Our Gift to One of Uncle Sam's Boys!\" Undated. Sgt. C.H. Copeland to Miss Margorie P. Upton of Salem, Massachusetts.","Includes letters from S.S. Wallace, signed \"Grampy and Aunt Sally,\" to Phyllis Strout, letters between Phyllis Strout and Herbert Strout, Vmail from Harold Chipman to Mrs. Herbert Strout and letter from Roy Strout to Herbert Strout, his brother. Private Herbert C. Strout is stationed in Camp Croft, South Carolina. Letters contain family and local news.","Correspondents are Harold Strout, Phyllis Strout, Herbert Strout's parents and Shirley Strout.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout, Roy Strout and Ruth Chipman.","Correspondents are Herbert Strout, Phyllis Strout and Mrs. Agnes Strout to her son.","Private S. P. Wallace (Uncle Phil) to Mrs. Phyllis Strout. He is in a combat zone fighting Germans. Vmail from Herbert Strout to Phyllis and family. He is stationed in Germany.","Herbert Strout, in Germany, to his wife on February 4, 1946, \"we are having court again…this afternoon I am going to go out on a little investigation…\" . By March 1946, Herbert writes to his wife that he is tired of arguing by letter and had hoped to return to a happy home, which is not the case. Trouble between his wife and their families. On March 17, 1946, he comments \"We got a German General a few days ago that is wanted for war crimes.\" Other correspondents are Barbara Chipman and Aunt Sally.","Herbert Strout to Private Elwood J. Strout. On envelope: Absent without leave, current address unknown. 1951 T.R. (Tom) Chipman of the United States Air Force, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, Mississippi, to his sister, Phyllis Strout. 1959.","Letters from Jerry L. Strout to his parents, sister and brother while serving in Vietnam as a member of the 132nd Assault Support Helicopter Company.","Writes to his sister, mother and father while training at Fort Dix, New Jersey and at Fort Eustis, Virginia. Training exercises and his wish to get mechanical training to work on trucks rather than airplanes.","Sends sister a copy of the phonetic alphabet. Training exercises such as running through a gas chamber. Poem by James M. Sweet. March 1969. Tells his location is Vietnam and gives detail about attacks.. Sends price list for Overseas Distribution for Maverick Passenger cars. May 12: \"…had three rockets come in…I just rolled over on the floor and under my bed…\" \"watched B52 attacks on the mountain and HUEY COBRA's gunships…about every night.\"","In January he is still overseas, but by March 21, stationed at Ft. Carson, Colorado and working in Supply. By June 19, he is back overseas after signing up for a second tour. He is in the 178th and the 132nd, but is trying to stay in the 132nd. July 25 – working in maintenance near Cam Duc.","Stationed in Vietnam. Takes course in auto mechanics.","Begins counting down the days he has remaining in Vietnam. His brother, Terry, joins the army. Has his own maintenance team, which he likes, but he does not enjoy working maintenance. The \"lifers\" will not let him do anything else. March 1971, he refutes the rumor that he is in Laos. He is still in Vietnam with 80+ days left. April \"I take medicine to sleep nights, too…comes in red, white and blue cans…\" Most Rev. Paul L. Seitz, Bishop of Kontum in Vietnam requesting donations. Form letter. 1972.","Empty envelopes, news clippings, military pay certificates, addresses, notes, postcard and cards.","Clothing and equipment record Geneva Conventions Identification Card (2) Request for Foreign Service (Overseas Assignment) March 23, 1970 PQR Checklist DA Form 41 Work Sheet Identifying Data Assignment and other documents.","\"Aviation Digest\" \"Southern Cross\" \"The Mark of a Man\" about combat arms. \"America\" \"Pacific Stars and Stripes\" \"The Preventive Maintenance Monthly: Map of Saigon-Cholon \"Life in Vietnam\" The Weekly News Magazine"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Chipman family","Strout family","Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Chipman family","Strout family"],"famname_ssim":["Chipman family","Strout family"],"persname_ssim":["Strout, Herbert C., 1920-2004","Chipman, Harold W., 1923-2008","Strout, Jerry L., 1947 - unknown","Strout, Phyllis C."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T14:27:26.313Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1306"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c218","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Susan Beverley Randolph, Germantown, Pa., to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County, near the White Horse on the Lancaster Road","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c218#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDeath of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c218#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c218","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c218"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c218","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"text":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection","Susan Beverley Randolph, Germantown, Pa., to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County, near the White Horse on the Lancaster Road","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Correspondence","English .","box 6","folder undated","Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone."],"title_filing_ssi":"Susan Beverley Randolph, Germantown, Pa., to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County, near the White Horse on the Lancaster Road","title_ssm":["Susan Beverley Randolph, Germantown, Pa., to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County, near the White Horse on the Lancaster Road"],"title_tesim":["Susan Beverley Randolph, Germantown, Pa., to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County, near the White Horse on the Lancaster Road"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Susan Beverley Randolph, Germantown, Pa., to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County, near the White Horse on the Lancaster Road"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":218,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"names_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863"],"persname_ssim":["Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder undated"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDeath of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone."],"_nest_path_":"/components#217","timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_55.xml","title_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"title_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794 -1851"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794 -1851"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55"],"text":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55","Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list.","Elizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.","Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Frances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875.","Esther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers","This collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.","Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph","Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.","Has not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.","Apologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.","Explains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.","From Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.","Undated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.","Notes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.","Regrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.","Encloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".","From Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.","Grandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.","Dated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.","Nelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.","From Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.","She explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.","Nelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.","Nelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.","Since her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.","Includes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.","Has heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.","Rumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.","Spent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.","Contrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.","Nelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.","It has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.","Nelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.","Fears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.","Elizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.","Mentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.","Nelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.","Busy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"","The doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].","Parke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"","Alexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.","Forwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.","Parke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"","Obituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.","A friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.","Accepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.","Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.","Nelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.","Nelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.","The doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"","Small single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.","Agnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.","Describes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.","Nelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.","Nelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].","She intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".","Must go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.","Parke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.","Mama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.","Account of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.","Nelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"","Letter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.","This is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"","Major Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.","Columbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.","Nelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.","Introduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.","The Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.","Surprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.","Dated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.","She cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].","Nelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.","Parke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.","Assures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.","Will get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"","Relates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.","Gives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.","The woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.","The corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.","Introduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.","Nelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].","Introduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.","Parke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.","Parke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"","Detained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.","Nelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.","Parke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.","Parke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.","Encloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.","Uncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.","Nelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.","Nelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.","Nelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.","Nelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.","Nelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.","Nelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.","Having returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"","Nelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.","Nelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.","\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.","Nelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.","Nelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.","Nelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".","Nelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.","Nelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.","They all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.","Either of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.","They have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.","Just returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.","Nelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.","Nelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.","Nelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"","Nelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.","Nelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".","Nelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.","Nelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.","Nelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.","Nelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.","Nelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".","Nelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.","Nelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.","Written on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.","Lorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.","Writing from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.","Writing in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.","In a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.","Nelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.","Nelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".","Contains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.","Nelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.","Nelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.","Nelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"","Nelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.","Acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.","Nelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.","Nelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.","Nelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.","Nelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.","Nelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.","Nelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"","Nelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.","Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"","Nelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.","Describes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.","Nelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.","Nelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.","Nelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.","Nelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"","Nelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].","Thanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.","Ped's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.","She thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.","Nelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.","She acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"","Nelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.","Nelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.","News of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.","News of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.","Nelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.","Comments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.","Delighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.","Mrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Pleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.","Pleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.","They have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.","Disappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.","Fears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.","Nelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.","This and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.","With Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Angela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.","Thanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.","Just returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.","Nelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.","Nelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.","Have stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"","This letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].","Received her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.","Nelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.","Nelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".","Did she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.","Nelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.","Nelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.","Nelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].","Nelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.","Although Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].","Nelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].","Nelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.","Nelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.","Nelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.","Nelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.","Nelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".","Recalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.","Tells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.","Trip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"","Nelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.","Nelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.","Nelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.","Her visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.","Parke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.","Nelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].","Nelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.","Nelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.","Nelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.","Nelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.","Nelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.","The death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.","Nelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.","A four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).","Nelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.","There could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".","\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.","Just received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.","Thanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"","Nelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.","Nelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.","Nelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.","Nelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.","\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.","Small single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".","Visit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"","Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creator_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creators_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet (6 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet (6 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.","Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Frances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEsther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Esther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMisses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUndated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBusy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHaving returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEither of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePed's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAngela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVisit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeath of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.","Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph","Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.","Has not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.","Apologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.","Explains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.","From Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.","Undated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.","Notes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.","Regrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.","Encloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".","From Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.","Grandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.","Dated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.","Nelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.","From Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.","She explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.","Nelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.","Nelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.","Since her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.","Includes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.","Has heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.","Rumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.","Spent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.","Contrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.","Nelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.","It has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.","Nelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.","Fears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.","Elizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.","Mentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.","Nelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.","Busy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"","The doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].","Parke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"","Alexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.","Forwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.","Parke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"","Obituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.","A friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.","Accepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.","Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.","Nelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.","Nelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.","The doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"","Small single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.","Agnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.","Describes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.","Nelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.","Nelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].","She intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".","Must go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.","Parke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.","Mama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.","Account of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.","Nelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"","Letter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.","This is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"","Major Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.","Columbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.","Nelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.","Introduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.","The Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.","Surprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.","Dated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.","She cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].","Nelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.","Parke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.","Assures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.","Will get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"","Relates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.","Gives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.","The woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.","The corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.","Introduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.","Nelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].","Introduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.","Parke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.","Parke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"","Detained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.","Nelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.","Parke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.","Parke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.","Encloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.","Uncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.","Nelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.","Nelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.","Nelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.","Nelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.","Nelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.","Nelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.","Having returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"","Nelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.","Nelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.","\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.","Nelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.","Nelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.","Nelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".","Nelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.","Nelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.","They all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.","Either of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.","They have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.","Just returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.","Nelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.","Nelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.","Nelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"","Nelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.","Nelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".","Nelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.","Nelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.","Nelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.","Nelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.","Nelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".","Nelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.","Nelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.","Written on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.","Lorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.","Writing from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.","Writing in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.","In a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.","Nelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.","Nelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".","Contains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.","Nelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.","Nelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.","Nelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"","Nelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.","Acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.","Nelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.","Nelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.","Nelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.","Nelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.","Nelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.","Nelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"","Nelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.","Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"","Nelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.","Describes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.","Nelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.","Nelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.","Nelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.","Nelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"","Nelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].","Thanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.","Ped's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.","She thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.","Nelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.","She acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"","Nelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.","Nelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.","News of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.","News of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.","Nelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.","Comments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.","Delighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.","Mrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Pleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.","Pleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.","They have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.","Disappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.","Fears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.","Nelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.","This and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.","With Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Angela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.","Thanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.","Just returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.","Nelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.","Nelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.","Have stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"","This letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].","Received her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.","Nelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.","Nelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".","Did she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.","Nelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.","Nelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.","Nelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].","Nelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.","Although Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].","Nelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].","Nelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.","Nelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.","Nelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.","Nelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.","Nelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".","Recalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.","Tells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.","Trip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"","Nelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.","Nelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.","Nelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.","Her visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.","Parke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.","Nelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].","Nelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.","Nelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.","Nelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.","Nelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.","Nelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.","The death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.","Nelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.","A four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).","Nelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.","There could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".","\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.","Just received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.","Thanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"","Nelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.","Nelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.","Nelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.","Nelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.","\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.","Small single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".","Visit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"","Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c218"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c02","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Susan Beverley Randolph, Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Bordley near the White Horse, Chester County","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMisses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c02","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c02"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c02","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"text":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection","Susan Beverley Randolph, Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Bordley near the White Horse, Chester County","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Correspondence","English .","box 1","folder 1794.07.28","Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French."],"title_filing_ssi":"Susan Beverley Randolph, Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Bordley near the White Horse, Chester County","title_ssm":["Susan Beverley Randolph, Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Bordley near the White Horse, Chester County"],"title_tesim":["Susan Beverley Randolph, Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Bordley near the White Horse, Chester County"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1794 July 28"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1794"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Susan Beverley Randolph, Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Bordley near the White Horse, Chester County"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1794],"names_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863"],"persname_ssim":["Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1794.07.28"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMisses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_55.xml","title_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"title_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794 -1851"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794 -1851"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55"],"text":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55","Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list.","Elizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.","Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Frances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875.","Esther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers","This collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.","Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph","Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.","Has not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.","Apologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.","Explains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.","From Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.","Undated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.","Notes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.","Regrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.","Encloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".","From Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.","Grandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.","Dated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.","Nelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.","From Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.","She explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.","Nelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.","Nelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.","Since her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.","Includes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.","Has heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.","Rumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.","Spent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.","Contrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.","Nelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.","It has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.","Nelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.","Fears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.","Elizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.","Mentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.","Nelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.","Busy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"","The doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].","Parke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"","Alexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.","Forwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.","Parke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"","Obituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.","A friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.","Accepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.","Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.","Nelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.","Nelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.","The doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"","Small single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.","Agnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.","Describes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.","Nelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.","Nelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].","She intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".","Must go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.","Parke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.","Mama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.","Account of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.","Nelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"","Letter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.","This is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"","Major Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.","Columbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.","Nelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.","Introduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.","The Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.","Surprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.","Dated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.","She cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].","Nelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.","Parke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.","Assures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.","Will get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"","Relates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.","Gives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.","The woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.","The corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.","Introduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.","Nelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].","Introduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.","Parke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.","Parke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"","Detained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.","Nelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.","Parke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.","Parke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.","Encloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.","Uncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.","Nelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.","Nelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.","Nelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.","Nelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.","Nelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.","Nelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.","Having returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"","Nelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.","Nelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.","\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.","Nelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.","Nelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.","Nelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".","Nelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.","Nelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.","They all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.","Either of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.","They have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.","Just returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.","Nelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.","Nelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.","Nelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"","Nelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.","Nelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".","Nelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.","Nelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.","Nelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.","Nelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.","Nelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".","Nelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.","Nelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.","Written on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.","Lorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.","Writing from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.","Writing in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.","In a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.","Nelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.","Nelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".","Contains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.","Nelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.","Nelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.","Nelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"","Nelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.","Acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.","Nelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.","Nelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.","Nelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.","Nelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.","Nelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.","Nelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"","Nelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.","Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"","Nelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.","Describes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.","Nelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.","Nelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.","Nelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.","Nelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"","Nelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].","Thanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.","Ped's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.","She thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.","Nelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.","She acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"","Nelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.","Nelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.","News of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.","News of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.","Nelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.","Comments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.","Delighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.","Mrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Pleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.","Pleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.","They have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.","Disappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.","Fears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.","Nelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.","This and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.","With Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Angela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.","Thanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.","Just returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.","Nelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.","Nelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.","Have stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"","This letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].","Received her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.","Nelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.","Nelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".","Did she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.","Nelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.","Nelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.","Nelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].","Nelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.","Although Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].","Nelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].","Nelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.","Nelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.","Nelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.","Nelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.","Nelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".","Recalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.","Tells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.","Trip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"","Nelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.","Nelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.","Nelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.","Her visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.","Parke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.","Nelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].","Nelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.","Nelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.","Nelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.","Nelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.","Nelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.","The death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.","Nelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.","A four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).","Nelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.","There could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".","\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.","Just received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.","Thanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"","Nelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.","Nelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.","Nelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.","Nelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.","\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.","Small single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".","Visit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"","Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creator_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creators_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet (6 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet (6 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.","Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Frances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEsther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Esther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMisses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUndated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBusy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHaving returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEither of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePed's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAngela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVisit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeath of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.","Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph","Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.","Has not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.","Apologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.","Explains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.","From Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.","Undated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.","Notes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.","Regrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.","Encloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".","From Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.","Grandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.","Dated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.","Nelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.","From Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.","She explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.","Nelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.","Nelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.","Since her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.","Includes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.","Has heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.","Rumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.","Spent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.","Contrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.","Nelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.","It has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.","Nelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.","Fears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.","Elizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.","Mentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.","Nelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.","Busy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"","The doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].","Parke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"","Alexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.","Forwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.","Parke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"","Obituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.","A friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.","Accepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.","Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.","Nelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.","Nelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.","The doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"","Small single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.","Agnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.","Describes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.","Nelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.","Nelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].","She intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".","Must go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.","Parke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.","Mama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.","Account of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.","Nelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"","Letter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.","This is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"","Major Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.","Columbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.","Nelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.","Introduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.","The Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.","Surprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.","Dated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.","She cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].","Nelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.","Parke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.","Assures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.","Will get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"","Relates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.","Gives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.","The woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.","The corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.","Introduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.","Nelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].","Introduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.","Parke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.","Parke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"","Detained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.","Nelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.","Parke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.","Parke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.","Encloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.","Uncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.","Nelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.","Nelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.","Nelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.","Nelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.","Nelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.","Nelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.","Having returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"","Nelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.","Nelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.","\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.","Nelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.","Nelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.","Nelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".","Nelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.","Nelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.","They all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.","Either of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.","They have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.","Just returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.","Nelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.","Nelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.","Nelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"","Nelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.","Nelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".","Nelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.","Nelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.","Nelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.","Nelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.","Nelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".","Nelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.","Nelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.","Written on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.","Lorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.","Writing from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.","Writing in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.","In a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.","Nelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.","Nelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".","Contains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.","Nelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.","Nelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.","Nelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"","Nelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.","Acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.","Nelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.","Nelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.","Nelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.","Nelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.","Nelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.","Nelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"","Nelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.","Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"","Nelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.","Describes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.","Nelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.","Nelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.","Nelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.","Nelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"","Nelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].","Thanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.","Ped's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.","She thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.","Nelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.","She acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"","Nelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.","Nelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.","News of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.","News of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.","Nelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.","Comments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.","Delighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.","Mrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Pleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.","Pleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.","They have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.","Disappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.","Fears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.","Nelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.","This and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.","With Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Angela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.","Thanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.","Just returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.","Nelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.","Nelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.","Have stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"","This letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].","Received her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.","Nelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.","Nelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".","Did she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.","Nelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.","Nelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.","Nelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].","Nelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.","Although Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].","Nelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].","Nelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.","Nelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.","Nelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.","Nelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.","Nelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".","Recalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.","Tells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.","Trip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"","Nelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.","Nelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.","Nelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.","Her visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.","Parke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.","Nelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].","Nelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.","Nelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.","Nelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.","Nelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.","Nelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.","The death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.","Nelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.","A four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).","Nelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.","There could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".","\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.","Just received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.","Thanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"","Nelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.","Nelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.","Nelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.","Nelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.","\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.","Small single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".","Visit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"","Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c02"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Susan Beverley Randolph, to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWriting before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c01","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c01"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c01","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"text":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection","Susan Beverley Randolph, to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Correspondence","English .","box 1","folder 1794.00.00","Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph"],"title_filing_ssi":"Susan Beverley Randolph, to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County","title_ssm":["Susan Beverley Randolph, to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County"],"title_tesim":["Susan Beverley Randolph, to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1794"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1794"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Susan Beverley Randolph, to Elizabeth Bordley, Chester County"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1794],"names_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863"],"persname_ssim":["Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1794.00.00"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWriting before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_55.xml","title_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"title_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794 -1851"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794 -1851"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55"],"text":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55","Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list.","Elizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.","Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Frances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875.","Esther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers","This collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.","Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph","Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.","Has not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.","Apologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.","Explains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.","From Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.","Undated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.","Notes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.","Regrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.","Encloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".","From Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.","Grandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.","Dated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.","Nelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.","From Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.","She explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.","Nelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.","Nelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.","Since her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.","Includes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.","Has heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.","Rumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.","Spent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.","Contrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.","Nelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.","It has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.","Nelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.","Fears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.","Elizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.","Mentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.","Nelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.","Busy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"","The doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].","Parke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"","Alexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.","Forwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.","Parke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"","Obituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.","A friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.","Accepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.","Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.","Nelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.","Nelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.","The doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"","Small single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.","Agnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.","Describes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.","Nelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.","Nelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].","She intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".","Must go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.","Parke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.","Mama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.","Account of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.","Nelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"","Letter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.","This is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"","Major Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.","Columbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.","Nelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.","Introduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.","The Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.","Surprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.","Dated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.","She cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].","Nelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.","Parke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.","Assures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.","Will get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"","Relates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.","Gives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.","The woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.","The corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.","Introduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.","Nelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].","Introduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.","Parke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.","Parke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"","Detained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.","Nelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.","Parke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.","Parke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.","Encloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.","Uncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.","Nelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.","Nelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.","Nelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.","Nelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.","Nelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.","Nelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.","Having returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"","Nelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.","Nelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.","\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.","Nelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.","Nelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.","Nelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".","Nelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.","Nelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.","They all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.","Either of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.","They have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.","Just returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.","Nelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.","Nelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.","Nelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"","Nelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.","Nelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".","Nelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.","Nelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.","Nelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.","Nelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.","Nelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".","Nelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.","Nelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.","Written on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.","Lorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.","Writing from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.","Writing in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.","In a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.","Nelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.","Nelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".","Contains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.","Nelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.","Nelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.","Nelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"","Nelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.","Acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.","Nelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.","Nelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.","Nelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.","Nelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.","Nelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.","Nelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"","Nelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.","Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"","Nelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.","Describes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.","Nelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.","Nelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.","Nelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.","Nelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"","Nelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].","Thanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.","Ped's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.","She thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.","Nelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.","She acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"","Nelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.","Nelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.","News of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.","News of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.","Nelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.","Comments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.","Delighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.","Mrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Pleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.","Pleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.","They have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.","Disappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.","Fears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.","Nelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.","This and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.","With Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Angela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.","Thanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.","Just returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.","Nelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.","Nelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.","Have stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"","This letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].","Received her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.","Nelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.","Nelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".","Did she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.","Nelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.","Nelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.","Nelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].","Nelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.","Although Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].","Nelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].","Nelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.","Nelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.","Nelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.","Nelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.","Nelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".","Recalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.","Tells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.","Trip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"","Nelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.","Nelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.","Nelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.","Her visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.","Parke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.","Nelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].","Nelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.","Nelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.","Nelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.","Nelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.","Nelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.","The death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.","Nelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.","A four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).","Nelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.","There could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".","\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.","Just received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.","Thanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"","Nelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.","Nelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.","Nelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.","Nelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.","\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.","Small single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".","Visit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"","Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.569","/repositories/3/resources/55"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creator_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"creators_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet (6 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet (6 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically. The undated material is listed at the end of the collection, in alphabetical order by folder title. One oversized item is listed as an addenda at the end of the contents list."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elizabeth Bordley Gibson (1777-1863): Elizabeth was born October 21, 1777 to John Beale and Sarah Bordley in Annapolis, Maryland where her parents had retreated from their estate on Wye Island due to the approach of the British army. The Bordleys were family friends of the Washingtons. Elizabeth developed a close friendship with Eleanor \"Nelly\" Parke Custis Lewis, during Eleanor's time in Philadelphia during George Washington's presidency. Elizabeth married James Gibson in 1817. The couple had no children. She died on August 23, 1863.","Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Frances Parke Lewis Butler (1799-1875): Frances \"Parke\" Lewis Butler, was born on November 27, 1799 at Mount Vernon. She was the first child of Lawrence and Nelly Lewis. She spent time in Philadelphia during her youth, when she attended Madame Grelaud's boarding academy in 1814. Frances married Lieutenant Edward George Washington Butler (1800-1888) in 1826. The couple moved to Dunboyne Plantation in Louisiana and had five children. Parke died on June 30, 1875."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Elizabeth Bordley Gibson collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEsther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Esther Maria Lewis Chapin collection of Washington and Custis family papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Family Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMisses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUndated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBusy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHaving returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEither of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePed's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAngela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVisit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeath of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains correspondence to or from Elizabeth Bordley Gibson, the lifelong friend of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The majority of the collection contains letters to Elizabeth Bordley Gibson from Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. The correspondence focuses on the Gibson and Lewis families, political events, and the people of Philadelphia. The dates of the material in this collection ranges from 1794-1851, with the bulk of the material dating between 1820-1840. This collection was purchased by the Mount Vernon Ladies Association in 1952, from the estate of Roland S. Morris, of Philadelphia. The Morris family inherited these letters through their familial connection to the Shippen Family, who served as executors to the estate of Elizabeth Bordley Gibson.","Writing before the end of October in 1794, she expresses her desire to see or hear from her \"dear Cousin.\" Has visited Mrs. and Miss Ross. Saw Nelly Custis \"she looks charmingly.\" Of the Whiskey Rebellion, she notes \"The Governor set out yesterday for the westward. I hope there will be no bloodshed. The President is going as far as Carlisle where he will wait till he see's whether there will be occasion for him to go on.\" Reports of yellow fever in tow. Delighted to hear Elizabeth has a horse. She herself rode several times this summer. Undated [date inferred from reference to Whiskey Rebellion], name appears as S.B. Randolph","Misses her in Philadelphia where the city is lonely without her. Supposes that her Piano Forte and studies compensate for bad weather. Nelly Custis has not returned yet. Mother won't let her write her in English. Her parents send regards. Written in French.","Has not seen her friend, Elizabeth, since Nelly left Philadelphia for Morrisville. Nelly has learned to ride and had taught \"pretty green pet\" to sing. Postscript in light vein.","Apologizes for delay in writing. Mentions their return to Richmond. She likes Richmond, but misses Philadelphia friends. Hears that Elizabeth was to be Lany Ross's bridesmaid, so asks her to describe the wedding. It is hard to write more as six children are playing around her.","Explains long delay in writing. Elizabeth Bordley's letter took a month reaching her. Was with her mother at Hope Park for ten days after that. This letter to go by the hand of her grandmother tomorrow. Nelly to winter in Virginia. Will spend most of the time at Hope Park. Dreads separation from her grandmother.","From Hope Park. Apologizes for neglect. This is the first separation from her grandmother since she was two years old--a great trial. Sister Peter expects child in a few months, her happy situation. Will spend some time with her this winter. Letter from \"our beloved Elizabeth\" whi is safely in England. \"Poor little Frish\" is well in Philadelphia. Mention of Ann Allen of Bristol. Comment on Elizabeth Bordley's visit to the Panorama. Congratulations to Mrs. Hammond. Letter of October 13th enclosed with this. Leading a prosaic existence. Sees few people outside of family. Expects to go to Annapolis races October 30th. Sister Betsy sends love.","Undated but probably written in the autumn of 1796 or winter of 1797. Nelly acknowledges note and book, \"Pleasures of Memory.\" Found copy of book in the house and returns Elizabeth Bordley's copy herewith. Invites Elizabeth and their friend, Elsina, to tea the following day. Mrs. Murray and Mrs. McHenry expected. Regrets that she cannot go to Miss McKean's on Wednesday, but a large company of Congressmen is coming to dinner and she must provide music.","Notes that three weeks have passed since receiving Elizabeth Bordley's letter. Has become an aunt by the birth of Martha Eliza Eleanor Peter. Has been with the Peter family for three weeks in close attendance to mother and child. Her mother and sister left the preceding day for Hope Park. Sister Eliza is engaged to Mr. Law. Uncle Edward Calvert is to marry Miss Biscoe.","Regrets delay in answering Elizabeth Bordley's last letter which was received two months ago. Since writing, she has attended two balls and her sister's wedding. Loves dancing. Left sister Peter and niece after two months. Rode to Hope Park with brother Law in his chariot. Elizabeth and Thomas Law were married the 21st. Good prospect for happiness. Nelly will be seventeen the next day. Says she will be \"Miss Custis\" henceforth and is determined to be called Eleanor, not Nelly.","Encloses letter to \"our dear Elizabeth\". Hopes to see her grandmother soon. Sister Eliza's wedding was private by her own choice. Nelly and her mother just returned from visiting the newlyweds. Sister Peter and child returned to Hope Park with them. Signature with alias \"Deborah Bridget muckle weaver Tackabout a votre service\".","From Mount Vernon. Red seal with leaf motif and legend, \"Il ne change qu' en mourant\". Acknowledges her letter by Mr. Taylor. Grandmama has had four attacks of ague and fever. Nelly has had no more of it lately, but her color is gone. She is anxious for news of her friend.","Grandmama missed her ague yesterday. Nelly writes she is becoming more and more attached to Mount Vernon \"in spite of the ague and fever.\" Mother, sister and baby niece have just have just departed after spending weeks. \"I ride sometimes on horseback, walk read, write french, work play, and sing...\" Fell recently while riding but was not injured.","Dated by content late January 1797. Nelly has returned from an agreeable round of morning visits and found her note. Declines invitation of Elizabeth Bordley and Madame la Roche to attend the Assembly by reason of indisposition. Grandmama cannot go to Falconis' with Mrs. Bordley on Saturday. Has just heard that Sister Law has a fine daughter.","Nelly provides a brief report of her journey with ex-President and Mrs. Washington from Philadelphia to Mount Vernon. News of her sisters and their babies. Signs of spring at Mount Vernon; her happiness in being home. She is about to begin gardening and also acts as deputy housekeeper and will practice much when her harpsichord arrives.","From Washington, D.C. Left Mount Vernon the preceding Monday. Was deterred from an earlier departure by grandmother's indisposition. Visited her mother at Hope Park, who was then expecting a child and is now recovering from her confinement. The child is a daughter named Eleanor. Nelly has attended races, including a match race by horses owned by Mr. Tilghman and General Ridgely. Cares only for the social aspect of horse races. Attended a ball at Union Tavern, mentions young Mr. Charles Carroll and Ben Ringold.","She explains the Virginia and Maryland custom of dancing all evening with the same partner. Comments on the appearance and character of her partner Charles Carroll at the recent ball at Union Tavern. She reports a busy social scene at Mount Vernon. Many visitors. Comments on some of them. Her mother and younger sisters and brothers are all at Mount Vernon. Sister Law's child was recently inoculated for small pox.","Nelly reports that she is still fancy free. Suggests that Elizabeth Bordley borrow Blanchard's balloon for trips between Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. Reports that she rides horseback occassionally. Her grandmother has been very much indisposed but is better. Her sisters and brothers at Mount Vernon. She regrets Mr. Morris's distress. Will send a Virginia nightingale, if procurable. Comments on her music.","Nelly writes she has been unwell. Did not fall from a horse or carriage as rumored. She is not in love with her \"young adopted Brother\" George Washington Lafayette.","Since her last letter, she has been with her cousin on a visit to her sisters in Washington for almost four weeks. Sisters unwell. Sister Peter momentarily expecting a child. George Washington Lafayette and his tutor left for New York soon after her return to Mount Vernon. Relates her poor opinion of the French Republicans. She rode recently to Alexandria with her brother. Caught in rain and detained in Alexandria overnight by weather. Recent toothache for three days without relief. Her cousin [Fanny Henley] left this day. Mr. Lewis, the General's nephew, is expected and will spend the winter.","Includes remnant of cover page which bears the notation that it was clipped for General Washington's franking signature in 1851. \nShe apologizes for long silence. Gives an account of her five day visit in Alexandria at the homes of Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Potts. During these visits she attended one Assembly and two private dances, and \"two sober small tea parties.\" Later attended \"Birthnight\" [February 11] with General and Mrs. Washington. Mentions her dance partners and gives a particular description of Mr. Gibbs. Attended theatre twice. Describes theatre and comments on the performanes. Went on to Georgetown. Absent from Mount Vernon four weeks in all. Sister Peter and two children returned to Mount Vernon with her. Younger child, Columbia Washington Peter, is her godchild.","Has heard a rumor of Elizabeth Bordley's engagement. Mr. Law was a Mount Vernon a week ago and has gone to meet Mrs. Law in Baltimore.","Rumor of her engagement to Charles Carroll is unfounded. She reports the circumstances of his visit to Mount Vernon in March. Note on the state of affairs at Hope Park and Mount Vernon. Sister Peter's two children were dangerously ill at Mount Vernon but recovered. She is becoming a militant Federalist. Expects to remain at Hope Park some weeks longer.","Spent four weeks happily at Hope Park with her mother, sourrounded by younger sisters. Sister and Brother Law and daughter, and Mr. Niemcewitz came to Mount Vernon the day after her return. Gives her opinion of Mr. Niemcewitz. Portia Lee, a cousin, is the only Mount Vernon guest at the moment. Her brother is doing well in school at Annapolis. Gives her sympathy for Maria Morris. Expresses her anti-French sentiments.","Contrite about long silence. General Washington, Tobias Lear, and Lawrence Lewis have all been dangerously ill and she was deputy doctor. Announces her engagement and impending marriage to Lawrence Lewis. Will live in Frederick County, thirty miles from Bath. Has attended no social functions this season. Just returned from three weeks with her mother. Regretted that she could not accompany Grandpapa on his recent trip to Philadelphia.","Nelly writes beginning with her excuses for not writing sooner. She describes her happiness in marriage. Mentions her approaching confinement. Describes the change in her personality with her marriage and approaching motherhood. Separation from her grandmother was hard at the beginning of a long round of visits. Describes their visits in Culpeper and at Shirley, near Richmond. Lawrence Lewis's illness with eye inflammation, and her own influenza. Their house in Frederick not ready for them. Saw their old friend Susan [Beverley] Randolph in Richmond. She wasn't informed of her beloved grandmama's severe illness, but both of the Washingtons are \"quite well\" now.","It has been nearly seven years passed since they corresponded (although she wrote to Elizabeth on 4 November 1799). Introduces her sister-in-law [Mrs. George Washington Parke (Mary Fitzhugh) Custis]. Both have lost parents and Nelly herself has lost 2 children. Her health has been bad since her marriage. She now has 2 children, a girl 5 [Parke] and boy 12 months [Lorenzo]. Her brother will present his wife, a truly deserving person. Mrs. Custis distressed over condition of her mother Mrs. Fitzhugh, who is confined in Philadelphia with a cancer.","Nelly keeps all Elizabeth's letters, and cannot burn the last one as requested. She misses all her friends, and laments that she will likely never see any of them again. Death of her grandmama and Elizabeth's [father]; \"life has no charms for me unless when employ'd in the care of my children.\" Sister Custis was unable to visit much in Philadelphia because of illness of her mother (Mrs. Fitzhugh) who suffers much from her cancer. Mentions \"Snipe,\" Elizabeth and Elsina. She has lost a child Martha Betty. Her Brother was expected here last week but failed to come. He is in Philadelphia by now to attend Mrs. Craick, eldest sister of Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.","Fears her last letter never reached Elizabeth Bordley. At city races Nelly stayed 4 weeks with brother [George Washington Parke Custis] and his wife [Mary Fitzhugh Custis]. Madame de Freire is recalled. Nelly hasn't been away from home since leaving her brother's. Hears Mr. Pederson is admirer of Elizabeth's. Gives her low opinion of the President [Jefferson]. Mourns her grandparents and friends she can no longer see. Her daughter Parke has imposthume under one arm. Has made Lorenzo Turkish dresses of red flanelle and \"he looks very manly in them.\" New daughter named Agnes Freire after Madame de Freire. No word from Madame de Freire in the last 2 years. Teaches Parke to read. Claims not to be a good teacher, but cannot trust children away from her, in city where teachers would be available, Has procured Miss Edgeworth as teacher. Sister [Mary Fitzhugh] Custis expects a child in summer. Mrs. Fitzhugh died of cancer in throat. Requests news of [Robert] Morris family and Maria.","Elizabeth Bordley's last letter got lost, but she has received the duplicate. Contradiction of rumors arising out of the divorce of sister Eliza and Thomas Law. Nelly believes Law or sons are responsible for rumors. \"I have never been called a 'puppet' to be moved by any one's influence.\" Glad he has been called on to deny them. Niece Columbia Peter to go to Philadelphia to attend Mrs. Rivardi's school. Wishes her own children could go to school in Philadelphia. Preparing to go to farm in Frederick County until November. Parke improves on harpsichord. Invites Elizabeth and Mrs. Bordley to visit her and the city. Asks news of Robert Morris family and Maria--hopes to see Maria's sister in Frederick.","Mentions their \"late happy meeting.\" Wishes she could aid in care of Mrs. Bordley. When Parke leaves school in Philadelphia she can aid in amusing Mrs. Bordley. Receipt for jelly of slippery elm, to aid Mrs. Bordley; will send some to Philadelphia if none available there. Great concern at parting with Parke. Charles Hare and wife very kind to Parke. Reports of Typhus in Philadelphia. Mary Fitzhugh Custis has sweet child.","Nelly is delighted at Elizabeth's approbation of Parke and that she is so much in Elizabeth's company. Reminiscences of happy days in Philadelphia amidst friends. Great epidemic has passed, leaving her family intact. Wishes to be near Parke, but \"Virginians have everything in greater abundance than money...small crops, expensive families, and this year very heavy taxes...\" Mr. Lewis not energetic, he \"loves to be a genuine Virginian, that is, to have plenty of servants for every purpose\"; but she, too, is anxious about losing slaves on possible move to Philadelphia. Saw account of \"illuminations for Peace\" in Philadelphia. Anxious over Parke's health. Inquires after Madame de Freire.","Busy preparing Parke's clothes for her return to Philadelphia and Madam Greland's. Departure delayed by Mr. Lewis' gout in foot. Yellow fever reported in New York and Philadelphia. Will Parke be in danger in Germantown? Parke anxious to return to Philadelphia. \"I was much mortified to find that she stoops so much, and have made a model for a collar and backboard such as I used to wear.\" She met Parke at tavern near Uncle [George?] Calvert's remained with Aunt at Riversdale 2 days. Caroline Calvert ill. Stopped with Sister Martha Peter and \"My amiable sister Mary [Fitzhugh] Custis.\" Stayed with half sister Mrs. Robinson. Parke has \"lost some of her bloom from irregular hours and too much indulgence.\"","The doctor has no reason to believe that there is yellow fever in the city [Philadelphia].","Parke again in Germantown under Madame Greland's tutelage. Elizabeth's note [denying presence of yellow fever in Philadelphia] decided her to send Parke back. Sister Martha Peter was to accompany Parke but steamer broke down near Ft. McHenry and Sister Peter went rest of way by hack. Parke went on steamboat with her father. Expects visit from Aunt Calvert. Caroline Calvert looks better. Baby Mary Eliza Angela Lewis is mentioned, \"a perfect cherub.\"","Alexandria, to Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia, [1815] August 21.","Forwards a bundle of flannel for \"My Beloved Child\" [Frances Parke Lewis]. Judge [Bushrod] Washington is to take charge of it. Hopes to visit Philadelphia in November. She wrote a letter soon after Parke left in August, inquires if Elizabeth received it. \"Mortified and hurt that Mr. Lewis did not pay his respects\" when in Philadelphia.","Parke informed Nelly that she [Elizabeth Bordley] is now Mrs. Gibson, but she knows no details and asks for them. Parke leaves Philadelphia for home in October or November. In 2 years Nelly will place another daughter [Agnes] with Madame Greland. Mentions mutual friends and asks her Eliza to come pay a long visit as \"it is not a Virginia fashion to pay short visits.\"","Obituary of Eleanor Agnes Freire Lewis, daughter of Lawrence and Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis. Written in the hand of Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis.","A friend of Major Vandeventer is returning Mrs. Gibson's pelisse. The Woodlawn family is looking forward to a visit from the Gibson's in the spring.","Accepts the Gibson's invitation to visit Philadelphia. She is enjoying her New York visit, \"the fact is, New York is enchanting.\" Douglas family and friends of grandparents rally around them. Visiting friends in New York and New Jersey area. Mentions Mrs. Vanbrugh Livingston, Mrs. Varick of Paulus Hook, Thomas Morris, and others. Parke loves New York, but Agnes retires from crowds. Inform America Peter, who was then in Philadelphia of their health.","Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Thanks Elizabeth for their visit to Philadelphia and thanks her for visiting her [Nelly's] children in Germantown. Hopes there is no fever in Philadelphia. Mrs. Fullmer, Elizabeth's nurse, received her letter. Fullmer's husband is a worthless drunkard, her daughter in law a worthless woman. Dr. Brown delivered the letter. Sends songs Elizabeth wished. Mr. Lewis has dysentery, made worse because he is bilious and gouty.","Nelly sends her thanks for lemons. Dr. Chapman gave Agnes a dose of Laudanum. Describes her symptoms, treatments and medicines. Requests a watch that keeps time because she must administer the powders every half hour.","Nelly asks her friend to send another bottle of her good old wine, as the doctors say Agnes should drink more and stronger.","The doctor is due at one o'clock. Agnes wants wine and water if doctors will allow it. Nelly fears she \"will not survive many hours.\"","Small single sheet. Agnes is just as she was. Nelly sends thanks for the wine. Returning empty bottle. Desires beef essence next time.","Agnes says she is better, but she looks badly. Nelly describes her symptoms and medical treatments. Asks Elizabeth to send more wine and unseasoned beef broth for the child.","Describes the doctor's treatments for Agnes's illness, a dose of magnesia for the child's \"sick stomach,\" and her own ministrations of \"half a glass of wine and six drops of laudanum.\" Agnes wants cornbread for breakfast, and turkey or duck for dinner. Doctor says she may have cauliflower.","Nelly writes to tell Parke that Agnes \"your angel sister\" died peacefully. She is perfectly composed. America Peter, though, is much afflicted. Begs her to cease grieve for sister. She herself will be able to continue as necessary if not overburdened by Parke's excessive grief.","Nelly is glad that her daughter Parke is more composed. Asks Elizabeth to tell her that \"her angel sister looks as calm and composed as a saint.\" She has cut off much of Agnes's hair. Parke should not come again to see her sister. Prays that God would comfort Parke now and ever. Gives list to Miss Smith to add names of callers. Mrs. Claypoole mentioned. Dr. White [the Bishop] will admit Agnes to his family vault. [A list of names is penciled on margin, probably local people to be notified or invited to funeral].","She intends to attend Agnes's funeral tomorrow if Parke is well enough to get along without her. Neither Parke nor America [Peter] should attend. Will Mr. Gibson procure for her the necessary scarfs and hat bands and a veil. Asks \"how is my child now, has she taken her pills\".","Must go to the church, but Parke is not to know it. Sends her bonnet to be made decent for funeral. Cannot have her child [Agnes] put into coffin without positive proof she is dead.","Parke has surely told Elizabeth about the trip home. Ped [Angela] is fatter than ever. Lorenzo is sick with influenza and misses Agnes. She feels loss of Agnes severely. Nelly regrets \"the persecutions I was obliged to afflict her with.\" Mr. Lewis is resigned to the death. She wishes she had seen the spot where Agnes was buried and asks Elizabeth to visit it and describe how it looks.","Mama is better. Declines tea for herself and sister. Eugenia and America have invited a young lady from Mrs. Oreland's to dine. Papa regrets also.","Account of her journey home. Father recovering the use of his eye. His hair is falling out. He wishes Mr. Gibson to procure a wig for him.","Nelly asks can she have a profile of Agnes, made last summer, copied in Philadelphia at the museum. She has only one left and Agnes's siblings have none. Please send a dozen copies and the locket, etc. by Judge Bushrod Washington who returns soon. Send also the music of 16th Funeral Psalm. Nelly bitterly blames Madame Greland and Amora's lack of attention for Agnes' death, \"never will another of my children live under their care.\"","Letter of Oct 18 \"received by the hand of my Beloved Child.\" Stayed with Aunt and Brother and just arrived home. Delighted Parke is home, but realizes sacrifices to her education and social life. She is continuing study at home. No propects yet of Parke marrying. Will not approve her marriage to a Virginia or other Southerner because of slave environment and lack of educational opportunities. Hopes Mr. and Mrs. Gibson can come in April when Woodlawn is at its best. Please bring her nieces.","This is Parke's birthday. Was also her father's birthday [John Parke Custis]. Returning her pelisse in care of Major Vandeventer. Enclosed $5 for gilt purse clasp, 2 gilt frames and gold thread to be sent by Judge Washington. Heard that America Peter spent the day with her. Tells of a dream she had concerning Agnes. Mr. Lewis and Angela have influenza. Columbia Peter visiting them. Mary Fitzhugh Custis and child to visit next week. Washington [i.e., George Washington Parke Custis] left today. Parke is ill. Lorenzo in Alexandria. Their Pastor, Mr. Wilmer dined with them recently and \"I told him I would live in Philadelphia if I could some day and that I should then insist on moving him too.\"","Major Van[deventer] on his way to New York to see his children. To bring little boy to Georgetown. He will bring back wig, etc. to Woodlawn. $10 enclosed. Please procure harp strings and gold thread.","Columbia Peter died today at Woodlawn. Nelly's sister Martha Custis Peter (Columbia's mother) did not arrive until 2 hours after she died. The child had been seized with a violent colic. Dr. Henry Daingerfiled and Dr. Sim were with her. Nelly nursed her, and describes the child's last hours and great concern for her own family. Mr. and Mrs. Gibson and E. Miflin must break news to Columbia's sister \"Mec\" [America Peter, then studying in Philadelphia]. Sister Peter bears up well. She will go to Philadelpha soon to see America. Columbia will be buried near Eleanor Stuart [Nelly's mother] at Effingham.","Nelly is deeply grateful to them for comforting Mec [America Peter] on her sister's death. Nelly went with her sister Martha Peter to Columbia's grave and then stayed two days with her. Parke is afflicted by her cousin's death. Nelly hopes Parke will have an affectionate husband before she (Nelly) dies, as Parke seems so affected by deaths. The Misses Douglas are in Alexandra and have been of great help to Parke. Sister Peter wants to know cost of 2 marble monuments which she describes. A $20 check is enclosed for wig and hearse. Major Vandeventer directed Capt. Clark to call for the articles--she herself has been unwell. Mr. Lewis is well--regards to Eugenia [Calvert], Mrs. M[iflin?] and Miss S.","Introduces her nephew George Tucker [husband of Lawrence Lewis's niece Maria Carter] who is member of Congress, \"he is one of my greatest favorites.\" Anxious to hear news of America Peter. The Miss Douglases are aquisitions to dear Parke. Mentions Philadelphia friends.","The Misses Douglas are still guests at Woodlawn. Major Vandeventer has gone to Philadelphia and has promised to visit the Gibsons. She describes the Woodlawn social scene. She is reading Burns poems and others.","Surprised that letter to be borne by Mr. George Tucker reached her. It had disappeared after Sir William [Douglas?] gave it to servant. Tucker is much like Lloyd Rogers. Invites Elizabeth to visit Woodlawn. \"The forlorn wig\" has not yet arrived. Maj. Vandeventer will bring it and the clasp, frames, gold thread and harp strings. Sister Martha Peter has written Gibsons. Eleanor encloses stone cutters epistle. Please enquire price of patent leather health preservers. Hears Mrs. [Samuel?] Powel is well. Buy silver cake basket for gift to Mrs. G.(?) to be presented in Parke's name. For Mr. Roberjot please buy a seal with the initials IHR cut by Thibault as \"a memorial of E.A.F. Lewis to her friend.\" The Douglas girls still with them.","Dated January 7, 1820, but docketed 1821. The Misses Douglas plan to leave the isolation of Woodlawn. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis prescribing for Mrs. Gibson's chilblains.","She cannot get silver cake basket for $30.00. Suggests alternatives. Mr. Tucker and Major Vandeventer called on the Gibsons. Much impressed by Mr. Tucker. Sees an ulterior motive in the extended visit of the Misses Douglas to Woodlawn. Their brother is not worthy of Frances [Parke Lewis].","Nelly considers ridiculous Elizabeth's fear that Parke will marry one of Douglases. They haven't the manner or mind to win her. She prefers Charley L. or William Camac or John Brinton for Parke. Hopes Parke will marry and live in New York or Philadelphia, and not in Virginia. George and Wm. Douglas go to Europe in spring. She likes both as friends, but not as sons. Elizabeth is mistaken about low origin and status of Douglas family--they are friends of best families--\"If I could remove to Philadelphia myself I should not care whether she ever married at all - there is no Virginian that I know of that I would like at all.\" Capt. Cooper visits often to accompany Parke on harp. Brother of Major Vandeventer's wife. Returning to the Douglas family, Nelly mentions Maria Tucker, Baron Stockelberg, Gen. and Mrs. Scott as among those who accepted them. Walter Scott's brother and family often with the Douglases. Mr. [R?] carried wig to exchange it.","Parke's matrimonial prospects. Re-affirms and elaborates on her attitude toward the Douglases.","Assures her again that Parke will never marry George Douglas. How are Mec [America Peter] and Eugenia Calvert?--insists the Douglases are received everywhere. Mentions \"Goodwin who murder'd Stoughton.\" Douglas family connections are good--Parke has bleeding of the nose. Parke has been playing harp, accompanied by Capt. Cooper on flute. Cooper \"has a form really like Apollo's, I never did see so fine a form in my life, tall and remarkably well made.\" Parke's singing improves. Visitors, including a Mr. Cabel from Lynchburg--\"The Major [Vandeventer] intends to beg two days always from Mr. Calhoun in future.\" Captain Cooper said to be attached to Miss M. Mason of Analostan Island. Deep snow has brought sleighing parties. Dr. Wilmer, pastor, visited and is to preach sermon on Agnes's life and death. Major Vandeventer calls himself \"my Son and Parke's Father\"--he brought Parke dumbbells and battledoors for exercising. He has 2 girls at Madam Greland's. Eizabeth should buy whatever gift the money [$30] will buy. Put a ribbon on Mr. Roberjot's seal. Articles she ordered have arrived. Frames used for Count Niemcewicz and Col. C. Rogers. Received profiles of Agnes, Nelly can't bear to look at them yet. Lorenzo is at home for a few days.","Will get one of George Washington's letters for Mrs. Derby and the Gibsons when Judge Washington will send her one. She has previously cut sentences from Washington's letters to her to give to friends, but the remnants are for her children. Mrs. Derby charming but her husband an object of contempt. Sending her a box of woodbine. Directions for planting and care of it. Sends a box by Judge Washington. Gifts for Elizabeth Gibson and others, including a pincushion. \"The silver tissue was a part of Grandmama's wedding petticoat when she married the Genl--the lining was a part of the dress she wore to the last Birth night in Phia.\" Thanks Elizabeth for executing commissions. Death of \"my kind Aunt\" [Calvert?]. Cause of her death unknown. \"During the last thirteen months I have lost six of my nearest relations.\" Recounts a story from Agnes's death. \"My Darling Son\" [Lorenzo] will go to Yale College this Spring--old beaux of Parke's. Parke wants strings for her harp. Mentions her friends in Philadelphia. Mentions Maj. Henry Lee's seduction of sister-in-law Miss McCarty, and opinion of Lee family. \"Sorry to hear that Carter is traveling about with his vile brother, they are both Deists.\"","Relates her activities. Columbia Peter expected home soon. Mother [Nelly] requests that Elizabeth send a dozen white silk corset laces.","Gives recipe for \"Horehound Syrup,\" as remedy for cough. Apricots killed by inclement weather. Major Vandeventer a true gentleman and friend. He is much interested in Parke's health and furnished her with dumb bells and battledores. \"He calls me 'Mother' and Parke 'Daughter.'\" \"Charley\"(?) seems to be only trifling with Parke; wishes he would make known his intentions. Parke's health is poor. Wishes Mr. Lewis would take them to Ballston for a pleasant tour. Lorenzo is going to College, and it is difficult to part with him--hasn't received articles from Mec [America Peter] yet, but she has arrived home. Ped \"is certainly intended for a City Lady she is so fond of giving parties.\" \"I have not danced for twenty two years ... I lost all taste for it after I was married.\" Parke's crayon work. Asks Elizabeth to buy and send 2 gilt purse clasps and 1 dozen corset laces. Poor Mrs. Lee and her sons. Asks news of Philadelphia friends. Mr. Lewis' flying gout requires opium pill every night.","The woodbine and dogwood are \"beautiful beyond description.\" Relates her social life and recreation.","The corset laces and purse clasps arrived by Mrs. Lee. Nelly orders a sheet of gold papers and Bristol boards. Send these by Judge Washington. Henry Lee and his sister, wife of Bernard Carter, are alike, both \"wicked spirits,\" she having \"one of the vilest tempers that ever possessed a piece of Eve's flesh.\" Mr. Lewis to go with Lorenzo to east, but he will not take her and Angela, while Parke won't go without the two of them or a \"married lady\" chaperone. Washington Peter was here. Mec [America Peter] is well. Will go to the family at Riverdale [Geo. Calvert?] when Mr. Lewis and Lorenzo leave. Parke harmonizes on her harp with 2 army officers, they recently played until 1:30 in the morning and everyone thought it was only 10:00. Maj. Vandeventer is learning Spanish.","Introduces Mr. Watts, Secretary of State of South Carolina.","Nelly describes her severe headaches and general ill health. Her daughter is pale. Wishes Parke could have traveled to North East with her father and brother Lorenzo. Nelly owes Lawrence Lewis a grudge for not taking her and the girls with him on the health-giving journey. Chagrined that he and Lorenzo didn't call on her in Philadelphia. She goes to Riverdale [Maryland] and to her brother's in Loudon. Major Vandeventer wrote that he had seen Lawrence and Lorenzo at West Point. Describes his family situation, being twice a widower with young daughters. His devotion to her family, \"he is and ever will be a most faithful and zealous friend to us.\" Her sister Mary Fitzhugh Custis offers her love, she \"has a charming daughter in her 14th year\" [later Mrs. Robert E. Lee].","Introduces Capt. Cooper whose flute playing had entertained her family so often. They have been 3 weeks at Arlington, and go on Monday to see Caroline [Calvert]. \"Eliza [Law] Rogers comes today with her three little pets.\" Parke has been very fatigued and weak.","Parke has been very ill, and the doctor fears she is in a decline. Mr. Lewis has consented for Nelly to take Parke to Philadelphia, \"where she always like best to be.\" Asks Elizabeth Gibson engage rooms at a boarding house for them. Eliza [Law] Rogers has been sick here, but has now gone home. Mr. Lewis will only stay a day or 2 in Philadelphia, but she and Parke will stay 4 or 5 weeks.","Parke is somewhat better, her spirits raised at thought of going to Philadelphia. Specifies the accommodations needed in the boarding house. Proposed stages of journey, \"our journey must be slow as my child is too weak to be hurried.\" Afraid Parke will go same way as Agnes last October. Hasn't seen America Peter since seeing her in Philadelphia on last visit. Incorrectly docketed \"Oct. 1822.\"","Detained at Arlington by mother's illness. Angela has been ill.","Nelly writes that her own and her family's illnesses, plus bad weather, force them to cancel visit to Philadelphia this season. Parke much better. Desires Parke to marry a Philadelphia man, for her health and happiness. Military beaux come to Woodlawn often. Describes her own recent symptoms, and relieving her rheumatic headache by binding American poplar leaves to her head. Lorenzo is pleased with situation at College. Nelly inquires of Philadelphia friends. Alexandria and Georgetown had epidemics of Yellow fever. Order 12 pair of shoes for her, giving directions for size. Parke wants \"Chinchilly\" cap, if fashionable. Frost has checked disease. Asks pattern for a baby's frock. Carter expected to go for Anne Lee this fall.","Parke asks Elizabeth to procure seven pairs of shoes for her as specified. Describes her social plans. Postscript by Nelly Parke Custis Lewis about shoes.","Parke's shoes fit, but hers do not--she sends them back for alteration. \"Washington is now full of the great men of the Nation.\" Parke's health restored. \"A certain Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana\" admires Parke. He will never do for Parke as he is uncultured. \"It appears to be the general opinion that Parke is too difficult to be pleased ...\" She has been from home 8 weeks. Lorenzo is studying hard at college. She mentions Major Vandeventer and Col. Gadsden.","Encloses $15 to pay Mrs. Carver and balance on shoes. Insists it wasn't her fault she ordered wrong size shoes. Parke at Van Ness's at wedding festivities. She will visit Aunt Peter if they have returned to Georgetown yet. Peter family stay much at Oakland, 20 miles from town, \"a very dismal place ...\" Describes Angela's affectionate disposition. Nelly can never send another daughter to boarding school. Still laments death of Agnes, \"I trust she is in the Bosom of her Saviour and her God.\" Includes a poem she wrote recently \"A faint tribute from a devoted Mother to the memory of a dutiful, affecte and faultless Child--E A F Lewis died Oct. 28th 1820, aged 15 years\" dated December 8, 1821. Sympathizes with Maj. and Mrs. Jackson who recently lost a daughter of their own. Still prefers William Camac as a son-in-law over anyone else she knows. Wishes he would come to Washington now and see Parke. Lorenzo wishes her to visit him in College. Her \"adopted Son\" Maj. Vandeventer. Requests 6 brushes for velvet painting. Inquires after Philadelphia friends.","Uncle Calvert forgot to send for the shoes. Parke still in Washington with Mrs. Van Ness. She and Parke will visit sister Peter and then return home. Send gold binding. She is making toilet boxes with painted velvet tops for daughters. Friends of youth visiting. Angela has been sick.","Nelly writes that she has received the shoes and they fit very well. She goes to Washington next week. Requests veining velvet brushes and gold bordering. Assures Elizabeth that Maj. Vandeventer has been Parke's lover, but has been rejected and is now courting another lady. Nelly had given her \"entire consent to gain Parke if he could.\" He will always remain her \"adopted son.\" Parke is in tip top spirits. Attending many city parties. They will return home in 2-3 weeks.","Nelly has received the velvet brushes and binding. Requests sheets of several colors of morocco paper; also two pair of handsomest screen handles. Parke with Mrs. Van Ness in Washington still. Wolfe Tone, son of Irish patriot. Went to a drawing room, \"the first I have been at since The Genl was President.\" \"The royal family\" [Pres. Monroe and family] attentive and gracious. Attended Madame de Neuvilles, where were number of Indians, who were amused at the dancing. Gossip about Mrs. Greenleaf \"who was painted up to the eyes.\" Visit at Tudor Place. America Peter's parents and brothers don't indulge her taste for society. Afraid of another attack as bad as last year's if she stays in Virginia this summer. Mentions Philadelphia people. Wishes Gibsons to visit when and if Parke is married, but don't wait for \"uncertain event.\" Have Elizabeth's woodbines survived the winter? Wishes Elizabeth to inquire of a particular shopkeeper for saucers of carmine velvet colour.","Nelly has received the articles she ordered, including morocco paper and screen handles. Judge Washington will bring canton crape to be dyed. Prefers things done in Philadelphia. \"They understand, and execute, matters of taste, far better in your city\" than in the district. Mrs. Lee and Anne--Mrs. Bernard Carter [Miss Lee]. Mr. Politica and Baron Mattitz will soon pay a visit. Mr. Poinset sent Parke Spanish books, \"I like him extremely.\" Francis C. Gray, son of \"the rich Gray of Salem.\" Parke has returned home \"heart whole.\" Nelly shares her dreams and hopes for children's welfare. Talks of moving to Philadelphia, but returning to Woodlawn every May as it looks best then, \"are not these charming castles, shall I ever live to realize them?\" Recounts a startling dream she had last summer. Sorrows of being a mother. Says she sometimes wonders whether they buried Agnes too soon, whether she might have revived. Fears they will all be sick if they stay in Virginia for the summer. Dined with Gen. Macomb and family.","Nelly says that she hasn't heard from E. Gibson [in months]. Requests some saucers and more velvet paints and binding. She is disappointed E. Mifflin can't come to Woodlawn while in Riverdale, guests from Carolina prevent Nelly from going to Riverdale. Mr. Duffie, \"the finest genius of the age,\" expected to visit. Hopes to go to Saratoga this summer.","Nelly is gratified at receiving long letter from her. Judge Henry Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, carries her reply letter. Further order for screen handles, velvet paint brushes, gilt frames and \"1 1/2 yds best, finest and thickest white cotton velvet.\" \"If I impose upon you with my commissions do not hesitate to say so.\" Mr. Poinsett \"is not a coquette.\" Nelly hopes to go to Saratoga or Schooleys Mountain. Mr. Duffie is single and said to be attached to a woman in Baltimore.","Nelly briefly describes Judge Johnson, Senator from Louisiana, who carried her letter of the day before to Elizabeth. Requests gilt purse clasps, velvet paints. Regrets the Gibsons were unable to come to Woodlawn, and that her own travel plans are uncertain. Mentions Philadelphia friends including Bishop White and Mrs. Robert Morris. Nelly's sister Eliza P. Custis Law suffers severely from a liver \"affection.\" Mary Fitzhugh Custis and daughter Mary Randolph Custis have been ill. Gives various remedies for E. Gibson's headaches and sore eyes. Gives description and drawing of woodbine flower. Multiflora roses cover a wing of Woodlawn.","Having returned home from her trip, Nelly writes as promised to let Elizabeth know of their arrival home. Returned by way of Druid Hill and Arlington. Her poor sister [Eliza P. Custis Law] bears up well under her affliction [refers to death of daughter Eliza Law Rogers]. Mary Fitzhugh Custis is improved but delicate. Nelly says her own health was not greatly improved by her tour. Inquires price of hair mattresses and dimity bed curtains. Begs Elizabeth to pay her a visit next spring. Nelly sends her a box of woodbine. In 30 months 8 of her nearest connections have died. She has placed engraving of Gen. Cotesworth Pinckney \"between the Genl and Grandmama.\"","Nelly begins by apologizing for earlier having written only of herself, and not her children. Lorenzo hunts deer. He will be 19 on Wednesday. He is anxious to be a musician, and while Nelly wants him to be \"a minstrel\" playing harp, he tends toward violin. Parke will be 23 on the \"27th next,\" and is still fancy free. Will inform her as soon as Parke is to be married. Mentions various friends. Parke will never marry Major Vandeventer.","Nelly suggests some remedies for Elizabeth's \"nervous affection.\" Parke is to remain several weeks with Mrs. Van Ness, who has lost her own daughter. Mentions Mrs. David Humphries (Humphreys)--\"her husband was a long time in our family, and a favorite of the Genls.\" Describes Mr. Francis C. Gray of Boston. America Peter very pretty and much admired. Sister Peter is to give a ball. Has read \"Bengers life of Ann Boleyn - Chalmer's of Mary Aitkins of James 1st and now the voice from St. Helena\" [Napoleon Bonaparte]. Describes her family's health. Caroline Calvert is delicate, Nelly fears she may be consumptive. Thinks Uncle Calvert should marry again. Mentions seeing Mrs. General Lee and Anne.","\"Our lamented Brother\" [John Gibson] arrived from Canton 9 days before his death. He had been ill at sea; \"died of a suffusion on the brain (caused by a bilious obstruction improperly treated ...\"). Elizabeth gives a long account of his illness and the family's reaction. Letter continues on June 27th and 28th and 30th. Recounts trials of young Philadelphia lady and husband in Arkansas territory spending the winter in a windowless log cabin. Mr. Gibson is so busy they cannot leave Philadelphia again this year. She will try to find a companion to accompany her to see her \"dear sister.\" \"Our poor Brother\" brought fine tea from Canton.","Nelly encloses $10, $9 for 6 pair of shoes, and $1 for \"a seal, or an ornament for a watch,\" that they saw together in a Philadelphia shop, some mother-of-pearl shaped like \"a monkey holding a gilt glass.\" If this is more than $1, substitute gold binding of sketched pattern. She sends a box of woodbine and encloses here instructions on its planting. Mr. Lewis has been very ill. Nelly begs her to come to Woodlawn in late April when woodbine blooms.","Nelly writes that she has sent Elizabeth two boxes of woodbine on board the Betsey. If she doesn't wish both, please give one to Betsey Fisher.","Nelly writes that she hopes the woodbine arrives before blossoms fade. She has procured the paper containing an account of a visit to Mount Vernon. John Allison, termed planter in paper, was only one of Gen. Washington's overseers. She explains system of manager and overseers at Mount Vernon under Washington. \"The Gen'l never called his negroes his children, I know for a certainty - he was a generous and noble master and they feared and loved him. - He would have blush'd to find such trifles fame...I never heard of his talents as a sermonizer, I have no doubt however that he said and did that the occasion required...The Genl rode every day to his Farms and returned at 2 oclock generally - dressed and dined at 3 every day, except Sunday - 2 oclock was the hour on that day, to accomodate his servants with a long afternoon...\".","Nelly recommends a remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She recommends Seidlitz powders and [American] Poplar leaves, which have worked on her own. Woodbine, or Carolina Jessamine, are the same plant, it is in full bloom. She inquires whether Lorenzo can study law with Mr. Gibson in Philadelphia. He is too idle in Virginia, and they \"are very anxious to give our dear son some useful employment.\" He will be 20 in November. They want him to study French, attend lectures, etc.--\"the destiny I would ask for all my children would be a Northern residence\" but Lorenzo will inherit Woodlawn at age 23. Mr. Lewis goes to Kanawha. She is going to visit her half-sister, Mrs. Robinson, who is in deep decline.","Nelly extends her condolences on John Gibson's death--sick sister, Mrs. Robinson in very bad health. Caroline Calvert married to Mr. Morris. Parke was too weak to go. Lorenzo a groomsman. So fatigued herself badly \"making a desert over the fire\" that when it came time for dinner she had to take Seidlitz powders and bind her head with poplar leaves. Sends by Caroline small mementos for Elizabeth Gibson and other Philadelphia friends in thanks for attention extended to Agnes. Pin cushion, pocket book, etc.--\"They will be valued I hope for Grandmama's sake.\" Lorenzo goes to Philadelphia as soon as repairs made in his wardrobe.","They all have been very sick, E. Mifflin can provide an account of their sufferings. Lorenzo on brink of grave, and still very weak. They cannot get to Philadelphia this autumn. \"If we live 'till next June I trust we shall quit the vile, foggy south for some months, I never wish to see it from June to November again.\" Inquires prices of gold and white \"Seve\" tea set, silver sugar dish and cream pot, 2 silver forks, gold watch.","Either of the two tea sets that Elizabeth chooses will do very well, though Nelly prefers the broad gold band to flowered border. She is anxious to bestow the Sevres China set on Dr. Henry Daingerfield for his devotion to the family during their recent sickness. She encloses directions for delivering it to him as a surprise. She will ask additional favors with she can collect more cash. \"We Virg[ini]a wives must be satisfied with such small sums as our improvident Farmer Husbands can venture to spare.\"--Parke and Lorenzo still weak and ill. Mrs. Elizabeth Powel sent her a silver inkstand with inscription. Requests saucers of carmine for velvet painting that she will pick up again when fully recovered. Lorenzo anxious to be with Mr. Gibson to read law with him.","They have just arrived at Arlington, and Lorenzo benefited by change of scene and air, but the whole family is still sick. Saw Eliza Law Rogers' children. Eliza P. Custis lives in Georgetown now. Measles prevail in Georgetown, \"but it is a very favorable kind.\" Nelly will exert all her influence in behalf of Elizabeth's nephew. She has already spoken to a friend of the Secretary of the Navy on his behalf and would even go to \"King James\" [President Monroe] himself if it would help, but he \"lends not his ear to any of Eve's daughters.\" Parke, meanwhile, has become \"indifferent to all the sons of Adam.\" Mentions Philadelphia friends and Maryland relatives. Orders pair of French fur overshoes for Parke and four pair shoes for herself. Sister Mary F. Custis and daughter is ill. Mr. Lewis has gouty symptoms.","Just returned from Arlington. Sister Mary F. Custis is very delicate. Her daughter, Mary Randolph Custis, is ill. Lorenzo is to go to Philadelphia soon, weather and health permitting. She is worried over him. Grand nieces and nephew [Eliza Rogers' children] are recovered from the measles. The Sevres china arrived for Dr. Daingerfield. Hers and Parke's shoes arrived. \"I have lost five of my eight Darlings\" hence she wants regular reports about Lorenzo from Philadelphia. Nelly has received a letter from Mrs. David Humphries, who sent Angela a book.","Nelly writes that her son Lorenzo leaves for Philadelphia the next day with his cousin, Lewis Willis who goes to study medicine. Col. Humphries unable to recommend Elizabeth's nephew as Marine officer because he had already suggested to the Secretary of the Navy the propriety of appointing cadets from West Point for Marine Corps. She will use other influence to aid him--Nelly did not herself \"see King James\" but a senator promised to request an appointment for the nephew from President Monroe. Nelly requests her to watch over Lorenzo, as his health still very bad, and he has not had the measles. She begs Elizabeth to send for medical help if Lorenzo \"is at all indisposed.\" She describes her preferred arrangements for his room and board there, who will do his washing, and so on.","Nelly's sister Anna wants black scarf, and Nelly writes to see if one in cashmere or silk could be bought in Philadelphia for $20, as nothing like that can be had in the District. Also asks Elizabeth to send a sample of black poplin for herself. Asks for news of Lorenzo's arrival in Philadelphia. Dr. Henry Daingerfield is pleased with Sevres china tea set, but Nelly asks whether a broken coffee cup can be replaced.","Nelly regrets that Lorenzo left for Philadelphia before Elizabeth's letter telling of sickness in the city arrived. She wrote him to return to Virginia. She is disappointed he didn't take the rooming house Elizabeth recommended, but asks for its particulars. Lt. Butler, aid to Gen. Jackson, will leave box with her for Lorenzo. He will also deliver a bundle containing material for 2 dresses, with dress as a pattern. She asks to have them made for her in Philadelphia. \"I wear only black.\" Sends merino shawl to be washed. Mr. Lewis is \"constantly subject to flying gout.\"","Nelly is having difficulty convincing the postmaster to turn over her letters. Will Gibson lend his aid in this? She is anxious for news from home and Lorenzo has a slight fever now.","Nelly sends \"many happy returns of the season.\" She thanks Elizabeth for her news about Lorenzo and says she is still very anxious about him, \"I have often wondered since he went away how I could have permitted him to leave me.\" She sends further directions for making and sending the new dresses being made in Philadelphia. Offers remedies for Elizabeth's abdominal pain, or \"nervous colicks\" suggesting particularly strong sage tea. \"Ped's [Angela's] new hair is coming in very thick and fine\".","Nelly encloses letters for Lorenzo because he has unaccountably not received any that she has mailed directly to him. When will she receive dresses, shawl, shoes, etc.? Asks Elizabeth also to send a box of French sealing wax, perfumed.","Nelly is glad to hear Mr. Gibson is satisfied with Lorenzo's diligenc. Lt. George Washington Butler is a fine young man, he regrets leaving \"his old father (Genl Jackson) and his kind friends at Woodlawn.\" She doubts he will wait for Ped [Angela] but enjoys sitting and talking to her and Parke. Asks Elizabeth to send sealing wax and two seals for Parke and Ped, one with \"eye\" motif the other with Cupid climbing a ladder. Trunk with clothes, and shoes haven't come.","Nelly announces that the trunk arrived safely. She requests seals and gold trim--also scarf for sister. Dresses arrived, and are very pretty and tasteful. She trusts that the cold weather will remove the smallpox threat from Philadelphia. Gives true account of Gen. Andrew Jackson and his wife. Jackson is not the wretch he's painted by his opponents.","Nelly writes that she just received Elizabeth's letter of March 1; it was in Washington post office. Sspent 5 weeks in Washington with sister Martha Custis Peter and sister E.P. Custis Law, and attended several parties, a concert and a drawing room. Eliza Custis Law's grandchildren are well. Mr. Rogers to go to England for 18 months. Begs Gibsons to come to Woodlawn. Last week in April is prettiest. \"I have seen Peales picture [of George Washington?] do not like it at all -The eyes are unlike, the countenance is unlike, the mouth unlike and he has made a fair man sallow.\" Asks her to send seals, etc. by America Peter or Eugenia Calvert who go to Philadelphia in a few days. A blister on neck is excellent for obstinate headache.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her \"watchful care\" of Lorenzo, and encourages her to speak to him as she might her own nephew. Lorenzo \"is so susceptible, that he is continually in love with some one.\" Was engaged at 17 1/2 to a cousin of Mrs. Bushrod Washington, but they broke it off at his parents' insistence. Has also heard reports of his attachment to Esther Maria Coxe. Would not object to her, but prefers Mary Custis or Eugenia Calvert [cousins]. Lorenzo is reported to be attached to a lady [who is evidently some kin to deranged Theodosia Sayre] \"I shall only mention the report, and remind him of the dreadful situation in which he has seen the wife of one of his cousins.\" Thanks Elizabeth for looking after his interests, and she will write to warn him. Mentions her daughters and their health.","Nelly inquires about Lorenzo's illness and treatment. She herself has had \"a rheumatic nervous and bilious headach[e] all united.\" Describes her own treatment, including poplar leaves bound to the forehead and temples with a silk scarf. Hopes to leave June 1 for Philadelphia but will come at once if Lorenzo needs her. She recently met a Mr. Joseph Coolidge of Boston, \"the finest young man I have ever known,\" an \"elegant and accomplish'd young man.\" Encloses bunch of woodbine. Sends some roots to E[liz.] M[ifflin?]. Asks Elizabeth to send the seal of \"2 hearts bound\".","Nelly requests information about Lorenzo's illness. She hears reports of a terrible fever in Philadelphia and will come immediately to nurse him if necessary. She has forebodings of evil, \"it is not superstition, it is sympathy or second sight.\" The girls are slightly ill, and Nelly trusts they will all get away north before the sickness prevents traveling. The letter is postmarked 6 May and docketed 9 May, but date in heading is unclear. Most likely \"May 5th\" as it is a Wednesday.","Nelly is glad that Lorenzo has improved in health. He will be better off there than in Virginia this summer. She hopes to go to Nahant, Massachusetts and Philadelphia this summer. Her friends in Washington promise to pay every attention to Mr. Coulson when he arrives. She has been assured there is no vacancy in Marine Corps for a lieutenancy for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley.","Written on \"Monday night\" 17 May 1824, and postmarked the 18th, Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's 2 letters. Mr. Lewis makes arrangements for her to go immediately to Lorenzo in Philadelphia. She desires being in same house with him. She will ask Dr. Daingerfield to go with her.","Lorenzo returns $40 he borrowed from Gibson last winter, with thanks.","Writing from Dutchess County, New York, Nelly explains that she couldn't write because she didn't know where to direct letters. Now Edmund Coxe has written Nelly to tell her Elizabeth is at Schooleys Mountain (in Morris County, New Jersey). Lorenzo is much improved by air here. He went to Saratoga. Ped [Angela] has toothache continually. Nelly fears they cannot go to Boston; \"Mr. L. finds a difficulty in furnishing the funds.\" Considers going to Schooleys Mountain or sea shore, asks about accommodations. M. Lafayette expected in New York, will go there to meet him if possible. Nelly would especially enjoy being able to see again the younger Lafayette, \"the friend and Brother of my happy days.\" Mr. Lewis in Jefferson City Va, in perfect health, but \"does not mention coming to us yet.\" They are having gay time with parties. Recently visited with the widow of Gen. Montgomery. \"Parke and I have learned to make very neat shoes\"--\"we go to a pretty little Church on Sundays and hear very good sermons.\" Lt. Butler has been with them. He is still amiable, but \"his mind is not first rate.\" Signor Guiseppe was with them in Philadelphia and New York, but \"no symptoms on either side of what I wished.\" His father has lost Spanish claim and he will settle down as a merchant. He is still a favorite of hers.","Writing in September or October of 1824 while in Philadelphia nursing Lorenzo, Nelly expresses her regrets that Elizabeth, too, is sick. She saw Caroline Calvert for a half hour and hurried back to Lorenzo--he has had a fever. She will come to see Elizabeth in the morning and read Parke's letters to her, unless Elizabeth is well enough to call on Nelly and Lorenzo. She wishes to have a sick coat, or gown, made for Lorenzo.","In a fragment of a letter, Nelly writes that she has heard nothing from General Lafayette or his son Georges W. Lafayette, although she's written 5 times. Is piqued and very anxious.","Nelly and her children arrived home after a weary journey. Mr. Lewis is ill with gout in his breast. She sends $10 to have her scarf washed. Asks Elizabeth to buy her 2 of the \"stone stewing stoves bound with iron - one as large as your preserving furnace ...\" Sends a pattern of nymphean gauze to be procured from Aaron Fountain in Broadway in N.Y. Rejoices at having prevented \"The fair W[right]s\" from going to Mount Vernon with the Gen'l Lafayette. Except for her intervention \"they would have now been tarnishing his glory by their presence.\" Asks Elizabeth to buy some sheet music.","Nelly writes that Lolen [Lorenzo] is to return to Philadelphia. He is healthy again. She hopes he will not waste time, but concentrate on his studies. Received letter from Gen. Lafayette. Copies it verbatim [see letter, Lafayette to E.P. Lewis, Nov. 7, 1824]. His letter is sealed with profile of \"his adopted Father and my Father.\" George W. Lafayette arrived today. He must leave to meet his father and they go on tour of country. Laments they cannot spend a long time with her. Has committed order of the Cincinnati to George, in a box of her own manufacture--\"cushions of Grandmama's dress to protect it in travelling.\" Hopes the Wrights don't follow Lafayette around in his travels. The furnaces arrived [stone stewing stove bound with iron]. Hopes Bishop White has recovered from his accident. \"Guiseppe was at Mr Jeffersons courting Ellen Randolph.\" No news from Lt. Butler, \"all safe I hope-he is better and more composed\".","Contains explicit instructions and sketch for the making of a pin out of George and Martha Washington's hair for George Washington Lafayette.","Nelly writes that she will send Mr. [George] Tucker to invite Mr. Bordley out to Woodlawn for Christmas day. She is still trying to use her influence to get him a Lieutenancy in the Marine Corps. Will get the breast pin delivered to George W. Lafayette. Received letter from General Lafayette. He was pleased with Order of Cincinnati etc. and pair of card racks she made him. She is now making a beautiful box for George and pair of fire screens to paint for the General. He will be back at Woodlawn again before he leaves the country. Explains his itinerary. His earlier visit with her was very happy, \"I was weeping for three days after he left us.\" They spoke of the Wrights and their efforts to follow him around. She doesn't think Lafayette will go to Spanish America.","Nelly writes that she would not set aside an old friend like Elizabeth just because the Lafayettes are here. She had hoped to have heard news from Old Hickory [Andrew Jackson, then senator from Tennessee] regarding Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Bordley's] desire for a commission as a Marine officer. She expresses her affection for Lafayette and G. W. Lafayette. Georges is to present her a beautiful engraving of his father, one of only two being sent from France. She has not been to Washington yet. It is a city \"full of strangers and very gay.\" Lorenzo is being more studious.","Nelly discusses Mr. and Mrs. Derby (he delivered Elizabeth's letter; she shall be called upon). Fears Gen. Jackson is unsuccessful in attempts to procure appointment for Elizabeth's nephew, John Beale Bordley. Comments on John Quincy Adams's election victory as president over Andrew Jackson. \"The most shameful intrigues have given him the Presidency.\" The Gen. Lafayette and George W. Lafayette have visited again. Mrs. Hickory [Andrew Jackson] says Nelly was one of Jackson's \"very great favorites.\" George Lafayette's mother-in-law died, in France. George will attend the Birth Night. She mentions the Wright sisters and her contempt for them. She must soon part with George and Gen. Lafayette perhaps for last time. \"I shall not visit Mrs. [John Quincy] Adams at all-I do not respect her Husband and I despise his Father.\"","Nelly informs Elizabeth of Parke's engagement to Edward George Washington Butler of Gen. Gaines' staff, likely to marry in the autumn. She worries about Parke being soldier's wife and the roving life it entails. Nelly will be unable to go to her in time of sickness. Her honest opinion of Butler: \"He is honorable, correct, dignified-with a most amiable and affecte disposition, but he is not of such a mind as I thought Parke would have selected.\" It makes Nelly \"anxious and unsettled.\" Tell Mrs. Powel of Parke's engagement. She hopes to see Elizabeth at Woodlawn in a fortnight.","Acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's good wishes.","Nelly writes that the work bag has been completed and is being sent to Elizabeth. She sends her condolences on the death of Elizabeth's nephew [Mr. Mifflin?]. \"That dreadful climate has killed more of our fine young men, that the Island can ever repay us for.\" \"My poor little niece\" died suddenly from a \"putrid sore throat\" [Eliza L Rogers (\"Rosebud\")?]. Niece America has been very ill. Mr. Butler is on tour in south with Gen. Gaines. Nelly is busy preparing Parke's wedding clothes should Mr. Lewis permit them to be married in the autumn. She regrets that Lorenzo's visits are infrequent, and asks whether Mr. Gibson is satisfied with him.","Nelly writes that she has sent a work bag of velvet painting to Elizabeth. She sent scarves and a veil to Philadelphia to be washed. Nelly escaped bilious fever this summer by taking aqua fortis, but has had ringing sensation in her head--has erysipelas--\"I dread so much derangement or water on the brain ...\" Mr. Butler went away for 6 weeks, but has been detained 6 months. Has her entire approbation as a son-in-law. She has parted with \"my Beloved Father and Brother\" [Gen. Lafayette and George W. Layfayette]. Decries the sacrilege of Miss Wright saying she had refusal of Lafayette's hand. Nelly wishes to board with Angela in Philadelphia and send her to day school, but Mr. Lewis says he can't permit it yet.","Nelly writes that she keeps busy making keepsakes for children. Delights in this kind of work, and as she also attends \"to the usefuls, my conscience acquits me of a misapplication of time.\" Wishes to take Angela to board in Philadelphia where she could go to day school, but Mr. Lewis \"has not consented yet.\" Therefore Nelly must teach Angela herself. She can find no local teacher of music, and \"neither Parke nor myself are competent to instruct her.\" Gen. Lafayette and his son George should be home by now, she expects a letter in 4 or 5 weeks. Remarks on the health and death of several friends including Mrs. Camac. The thermometer has been above 80 several days.","Nelly writes that she is pleased with work done by old woman [probably cleaning scarfs and veil]. She sends money. Employ balance in walking shoes for herself and Parke. Gives instructions for size and types. Mr. Butler detained in Georgia, so Parke's wedding day is not set. She sends recipe for lip salve that was Martha Washington's recipe. She had sent a pot of it to the Lafayette family and George liked it. Mentions her Philadelphia friend, the late Mrs. Camac. Everyone tells Nelly how healthy Lorenzo looks, but nobody says how his legal studies go.","Nelly writes that she and Parke received the walking shoes from Philadelphia. Mr. Butler arrived 8 days ago, from Georgia, very thin and sick. He soon goes west with Gen. Gaines. Parke wants to be married in Spring. Nelly dreads the difficulties ahead for Parke, resulting from Butler's tight finances, and her own separation from Parke. Nelly appreciated hearing about Lorenzo, and hopes \"he will be more studious in future.\" Inquires about cost of dying a shawl. Still mourns the death of Mrs. Camac. Just this moment received news from the Lafayette family at La Grange, but does not anticipate ever seeing them again. Angela teaches herself tunes on the harpsichord. She grows fast.","Nelly writes that Parke and Butler have decided to be married in the Spring. Nelly will submit, although it will be a severe trial to do so. She likes Butler but his talents are so inferior to Parke's, and this is more conspicuous the more they are seen together. Angela attends to her studies, and progresses well with her music without a teacher--\"we cannot procure tutors here.\" Asks Elizabeth to send white velvet, black paper \"used in tracing Theorems for velvet painting\" and gold paper. Relays news from Lafayette's family. \"My side is occasionally painful, but I hope I shall escape salivation.\"","Nelly writes about the recent influenza in Philadelphia and at home. Mr. Lewis and Mr. Butler had been very ill with it. She thanks Elizabeth for the reproofs and consolation, but insists her fears for Parke are not caused by selfishness; \"I am naturally elastic in disposition, and prove to find some good in every event of life, but at the same time I have very anxious feelings occasionally.\" Nelly's love for her Grandmother was greater even than that for her children. Nelly entirely approves of Lorenzo's prospective bride, Esther Maria Coxe, \"without hesitation.\" Will again exert her small influence for Mr. Bordley [Elizabeth's nephew,] toward a commission in the Marines. Wants Elizabeth to ask Mrs. Powel if she's received Nelly's two letters.","Nelly writes that she has received Elizabeth's letter and will look for the package. Parke is to be married April 4 and must begin her journey to Cincinnati by the 15th. Nelly fears for her safety and prays for God's care. Nelly and her husband will remain there 18 months before moving to New York with Gen. Gaines. Parke \"is naturally nervous and low spirited, and that situation is peculiarly calculated to excite depression and nervous feelings.\" Lolen [Lorenzo] appears very happy with his approaching marriage; \"If my children are well and happy, I will never complain of any other circumstance.\"","Nelly writes that Parke was grateful for Elizabeth's letter. She left for Cincinnati on last Wednesday. Nelly recounts the stages of Parke's journey. \"We had a merry wedding.\" Nelly lists the guests and says she  didn't invite her married sisters. Dr. Wilmer performed the ceremony. Lorenzo leaves on Tuesday. She won't leave home until Lorenzo's wedding, and will try \"to visit my poor Parke\" next summer. Lately received a letter from Gen. Layfayette and George W. Lafayette. America Peter is to be married in June to Capt. W.B. Williams. Hears that Mrs. Elizabeth Powel and Mrs. Robert Morris have lost their memories -- Esther [Maria Coxe, Lorenzo's fiancee] wrote a letter. Nelly thinks Esther's picture well done but not as pretty as she is.","Describes Cincinnati, its rapid growth, population, cultural advantages. Prospect of a winter journey to New Orleans and back by boat with General and Mrs. Gaines.","Nelly writes that she is unable to comply with Mr. Gibson's request because Judge Bushrod Washington had already given his vote to Wm. Herbert of Alexandria. Nelly is happy that Parke seems happy in Cincinnati. Mr Lewis thinks he can't afford to permit Nelly to travel north or west for her health this summer. She is now studying Spanish, having begun studies on her own. Ped [Angela] learning French. She outlines her efforts to get a job for Spanish patriot Senor Carrasco, a friend of the patriot Riego, who came to America holding a letter of recommendation from Gen. Lafayette. He is, meanwhile, teaching a few students and helping Nelly. She wishes someone would influence Mr. Gerard to publish Carrasco's book on Spanish history. She has asked Judge Washington to look for letters from Elizabeth's father. No fruit this season and scarcely any vegetables.","Nelly complains that she gets little news from Philadelphia, as Elizabeth has not written much and Lorenzo's letters are full only of news about Esther. The good Bishop White is in decline. Nelly believes Parke is pregnant and expecting a baby in 5 months. If Parke can not come home in October, then Nelly feels she must go to her in December. America Peter Williams and her husband are devoted and her family reconciled. Angela has had party of friends for a week The family expects to go to Georgetown for a few days, but Nelly would rather stay home unless she has the chance to go to Philadelphia or Cincinnati. She keeps up with Spanish studies. Senor Carrasco, has left for Albany in search of pupils after being defamed in Washington. She has heard from the Lafayettes.","Nelly writes that she has been ill for 7 weeks of quartan ague, a malarial fever. Ped has had chills. She is anxious to go to Cincinnati to be with Parke, who expects child in January or February. Parke seems very healthy. Mr. Lewis hasn't given permission for visit yet. She has sent two shawls to Philadelphia to be cleaned and dyed.","Nelly writes that she and Ped [Angela] have been ill. She herself has had mumps for 2nd time. She requests mother of pearl earrings for Angela. Parke well and happy. Wants Eliza Powel told that \"her little Nelly will soon be a Grandmother!\" Thinks Mr. Meade is inferior to Dr. Wilmer as prospective Bishop. \"Genl. W[ashington] received the communion before he took the command of the Army, but not after, I have been told - but no one was more attentive in every other respect.\"","Nelly writes confirming the news of birth of Parke's son prematurely. He is healthy and Parke well, having had an easy pregnancy and delivery. Nelly glows with excitement on becoming a grandmother. \"My Beloved and revered grandmama declared that she had never loved any child so much as she did Parke, her great grandchild. It is certain that the title Grandmother is most dear to me ...\" She expresses her esteem and affection for Butler. They named the baby George Washington.","Nelly writes to thank Elizabeth for her for information about Lorenzo's present situation, his recovery from the measles. Parke has been ill since giving birth. Nelly describes her grandchild. Lorenzo wants her to attend his wedding, but she feels she must go to Parke, if Mr. Lewis permits. She is trying to prevail on Mr. Lewis to let her board with 14-year-old Angela in Philadelphia so that the girl can go to day school there. She \"is very anxious to be at school\" but Nelly cannot let her go alone. She inquires the estimated cost for their room and board in Philadelphia. America has a daughter. Nelly is making frocks for Ped [Angela].","Thanks Mrs. Gibson for dress patterns. Requests advice and assistance in using them. She describes again her desire to take Angela to Philadelphia for school, despite what she (and Mr. Lewis) think would be the high cost for room and board. She thinks Mrs. Coxe is unreasonable to think she should sacrifice Angela's interests to remain there with Esther. Mentions America Peter Williams' poor health while raising an infant.","Ped's clothes are being made in preparation for Lorenzo's wedding. Mentions Eliza Powel. Nelly requests information about J. D. Coleman, a young man who was in Viginia and Washington over the winter and intends to movie to Washington.","She thinks Mr. Bordley's prospects might be better in Nashville, perhaps New Orleans, than Cincinnati. Mr. Butler will use his good offices in assistance of Mr. Bordley.","Nelly writes, mentioning the illness of Elizabeth's niece, Elizabeth Ross. She herself has just returned from Philadelphia to Woodlawn with Lolen [Lorenzo] and his wife Esther. She fears Esther expected too much at Woodlawn and was disappointed. \"I consider her as the mistress of the House now.\" Lorenzo is happy and industrious. He will take wife to Philadelphia soon, and then take Nelly to Cincinnati to see Parke. Nelly considers America Peter Williams a helpless mother. She saw Eliza Law Rogers' eldest daughter in Philadelphia. Mary Randolph Custis is still unmarried. \"There are few worthy of her I think.\" Speaks of Angela. Nelly will try to put her in school in Cincinnati if they stay there long on their visit.","She acknowledges Mrs. Gibson's letter. Is much pleased with Woodlawn. Mrs. Coxe sends love. \"Mama is almost crazy, she is so anxious to see Parke, and the Chieftan. We had yesterday a severe storm, between 20 and 30 trees blown down, and struck by lightening, part of the roof of the house off, together with the Washi House nearby blown dow - everyone today is extremely busy repairing the damages. We are all very much alarmed, as we were really in some danger.\"","Nelly was going to write as soon as Parke had arrived, but to Nelly's \"sorrow and astonishment\" Parke was delivered of premature 3 month twins in Louisiana. This has delayed her coming back to Virginia. She feels lost and \"tired of life\" without Parke. Letters take a month to get delivered from there. She dreads thought of Parke and Butler residing in Louisiana, feels she must go there if they stay, Ped is doing well despite having \"no instructor but her old Mom as she calls me.\" Esther Coxe Lewis is well liked. Nelly orders walking shoes from Philadelphia.","Nelly hasn't written in a long time because she knows Elizabeth's eyes are bad. She is anxious about Esther Coxe Lewis's approaching confinement. Lorenzo is anxious to be a father. Parke expects a child again in May--she wants another boy like one she lost in 1827. Angela improves much, being attentive to her studies.","News of birth of son to Lorenzo [George Washington Lewis]. Anxious about Parke's approaching confinement. News of death of Elizabeth's brother and sister. Has been doing much beadwork, making bracelets for grandsons. Still paints and does some knitting. Death of Mr. Lewis's brother, Robert Lewis.","News of her two new grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler, Jr.]. Parke very anxious about her son because of losing her first boy. In October Parke and Butler go to Cincinnati. Ped [Angela] grows tall. Ed Butler has gone to Gen. Gaines in New York, he intended to call on the Gibsons in Philadelphia if possible.","Nelly writes that she is sorry Mr. Lewis couldn't call on Elizabeth when he was in Philadelphia. He went to Baltimore to get a piano for Angela, and on hearing of \"the poor Judge's [Bushrod Washington's] illness went to see him, but was too late\" [Justice Washington died in Philadelphia]. Gen. Gaines prefers the western department, and if Ed Butler stays with him, he and Parke must live there permanently. Parke has been ill. Nelly writes of her grandsons Edward George Washington Butler and George Washington Lewis; the two \"darling Boys\" look like twins. She would like to help Elizabeth's nephew into a Navy career, but she has petitioned in vain.","Comments on the deaths of Mrs. Powel and Mr. Camac. She expects to go to Georgetown with Ped on the fourth to greet her nephew John Peter and his bride (his cousin Miss Henderson). Lorenzo and his wife are well pleased with their farm in Frederick.","Delighted to resume correspondence after a long time. Mourns death of her sister [Eliza P. Custis]. She had nothing to live for. Rogers won't permit children to answer their letters. Parke expects a child. Her two grandsons [George Washington Lewis and Edward George Washington Butler]. Angela quite grown. America [Peter Williams] just had son, and has 3 daughters. Her friend Mrs. Thomas Turner of Fauquier County anxious to procure governess to reside in family and teach English, French, and music.","Mrs. [Thomas] Turner's requirements for a governess. Roads, bad weather and Mr. Lewis's illness have confined them at [Woodlawn] all winter. Unable as yet to see Mrs. G.'s niece, Miss B[ordley]. Gratified with account of Centennial celebration [of George Washington's birth] in Philadelphia. \"Philadelphia has never been backward in showing honor to his memory, altho they have not built a monument yet -- I am ashamed of Virginia, she is to pompous, too parading, too full of words rather than deeds.\" Nelly comments on emancipation and colonization. \"The coach you mention was Govr. Penn's, and presented by the state to Grandmama - It was left in Phia and I do not recollect what became of it.\" Parke has two children, daughter born Feb. 7 [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Pleased at visit of Elizabeth Gibson's niece to Woodlawn. Fire consumed part of Turner's house near Middleburg, thus Mrs. [Thomas] Turner won't be able to accomodate a governess this year. Gives travel directions on way to Springs. Anticipation of Elizabeth's trip to Woodlawn in June.  Angela and Esther [Maria Coxe Lewis, Lorenzo's wife] good friends.  Angela independent of beaux. Considers Mr. Frank Gray's Oration at Boston most eloquent and most appropriate she ever read on Feb. 22.","Pleased to hear she is coming to Woodlawn [on way to Springs]. Gives directions to come by water and carriage.","They have been at Bath for [Lorenzo's] ankle and E[ster]s health. Go to Sulpher Spring near Winchester soon. Encountered mutual friends there. \"[The Nullifiers] are mad to all intents and purposes, and ought to be supplied with straight waistcoats.\" Waters at Bath helped Lolen's [Lorenzo's] ankle.","Disappointed Mr. and Mrs. Gibson didn't stop at Woodlawn on their way home from the Springs. Sorry she and Angela couldn't go to Springs with them. They went instead to Bath, Sulpher Spring and Winchester. News from New Orleans [Parke and Butler and family]. She and Angela will be delighted to stay a week with Elizabeth Gibson when in Philadelphia this fall.","Fears Lorenzo will go to Philadelphia too late for her and Angela to accompany him. Afraid Mr. Lewis won't pay promised visit to Parke in Louisiana. Mrs. Gibson's nephew arrived and copied picture of Washy [George Washington Lewis]; also does likenesses of Mr. Lewis and herself. News of various friends.","Nelly writes of Mrs. Derby's death. Mr. Lewis is well. Family in Louisiana well except Isabella [Eleanor Angela Isabella Butler] teething. Glad Angela has been able to go to Philadelphia but sorry she couldn't go herself.","This and subsequent letters are directed to \"Spruce betwen 7th and 8th\" or to \"213 Spruce.\" Nelly is gratified to hear news of Angela's reception by her Philadelphia friends. \"I do not think any one will ever say of her, as my dear and lamented friend, Mrs. Powell, used to say of me -'You look as if your clothes were thrown on with a Pitchfork.'\" Fears at letting [Angela] go alone. Hopes she will go to opera, but not uninvited.","With Angela home after her visit in Philadelphia, Nelly writes that she was very happy there, but content to be home. Angela and Lorenzo stopped in George Town on way home and W. [Geo. W.] Peter escorted sisters and [Angela] to dance. She will let Angela study in Philadelphia by herself if she desires it. Mentions Parke's baby Ella [Eleanor Angela Isabella].","Angela has been in Washington. [America's husband] Mr. Williams sent to Alabama and Florida, and she stayed with America and her sick children. Debate between Mr. John C. Calhoun and Mr. Daniel Webster. Angela still heart whole. Only man she has heard of that would do [for Angela to marry] is H. Binney.","Thanks Elizabeth Gibson for pleasant visit to Philadelphia. Her trip to Georgetown. Just read \"Prince Pucker Muskan's Tour.\" Gives description of English country house and the society there.","Just returned from visit to America [Peter William] in Washington and [Mary Fitzhugh Custis] at Arlington. Angela and Nanny visited Capitol, public offices etc. She is threatened with dropsy and must go to Sulpher Springs near Winchester. Hopes to go to Louisiana in October. Great trials and difficulties overcome by Parke during her husband's absence. [Lorenzo] says Mr. Bordley is successful in Frederick County.","Nelly writes of their arrival in Louisiana after 3 weeks trip. Her 2 grandchildren [Edward George Washington Butler and Eleanor Angela Isabella]. Parke buried in domestic chores, her fine mind thrown away here. Description of Mississippi River. Wishes Parke could move east. Angela takes lessons on harp and in French.","Nelly hopes to be in Philadelphia on way home by Lakes and Niagara.  Angela has found nothing attractive here in a matrimonial way. Parke and children unable to return east with her in May. Climate very bad on them. Description of landscape and life in springtime. No schools or churches for miles. Sunday, in contrast to northern customs, is a gala day. Indians a few miles off are poor, dirty, and humble. Angela very gay.","Have stopped here [at Guyandotte] for health on way home from Louisiana. Parke expecting in August. Lorenzo's new twin sons [Lawrence Fielding Lewis and John Redman Coxe Lewis]. She has been away from home 8 mo. Angela a belle in New Orleans and engaged to Charles Magill Conrad, \"the finest young man in Louisiana.\" Nelly hopes they will move east after 2 or 3 years. Angela insists she must stay one more winter at Woodlawn before she marries. She will leave New Orleans every summer like all ladies there do. \"They intend conveying water all over the City in pipes for the horses to water and wash the Streets. -That will do much to improve the health.\"","This letter presented by her future son[-in-law, Charles M. Conrad]. Lauds his virtues and Angela's choice. \"From that 'far South,' so dreaded, so stigmatized, against which my own prejudices were so strong that I could have almost taken an oath that none belonging to that region could deserve or obtaine my child's affection or my approbation, I have obtained a beloved son who would be my choice had I the whole world to select from.\" They will be married next summer. Parke expecting any day. [Lorenzo's] twin sons [John Redman Coxe Lewis and Lawrence Fielding Lewis].","Received her letter by C. Conrad. Angela and she glad Elizabeth approves of Conrad. Conrad left for New Orleans on 14th. He will return in Spring to marry. Parke's new baby, Caroline [B. Butler]. Fears Charles and Angela will stay in New Orleans indefinitely after their marriage. Nelly intends to accompany them back to New Orleans.","Nelly wishes Elizabeth happy returns of the season. Lorenzo and his family came, with the twins. Parke had a daughter, Caroline, in August. Parke's financial difficulties. Charles Conrad and Angela correspond every week. Angela sends her a pair of fire screens. Weather has been severe--21 inches of snow.","Nelly fears she and Mr. Lewis will never live in Philadelphia. Both in very poor health and crops very bad.  Mr. Lewis intends to buy a small place in Louisiana, remove the negroes and try to make cotton crop. Winter in Louisiana very bad and Ed Butler's crops suffered. Charles Conrad writes weekly. New Orleans improves much \"and if we escape war with France it will continue to do so.\" America Peter Williams has another daughter. Nelly is busy working cover for Angela's piano \"on canvas and cloth in cruels\".","Did she receive screens from Angela? Angela's \"paraphernalia\" beautiful and tasteful but not extravagant. Charles Conrad leaves New Orleans by 25th. The wedding will probably take place in late July. Parke will be unable to come. Family named Cox living at Meridian Hill, the daughter is a painter in oils.","Nelly is sure that Angela has told her details of her wedding while she and her new husband Charles Conrad were in Philadelphia. Angela and Charles have arrived safely back at Audley. Expresses her gratitude to Mrs. Gibson for her kindness to the young couple in Philadelphia.","Nelly is ashamed for not writing since getting to Louisiana. She just arrived at Parke's from New Orleans. She [Nelly] has been very ill and had bad accident. Angela very ill; had premature baby, Angela Lewis Conrad, now 4 months old. Grandson Edward George Washington Butler is 30 miles away at school. she regrets that Ed Butler left the army. Hopes to see Woodlawn and Audley next summer, if they live. Mr. Lewis's gout better in Louisiana.","Nelly writes of the death of Angela's child [Angela Lewis Conrad] from whooping cough. She died March 25, had been a year old on the 17th. Nelly will be unable to visit Woodlawn this summer because she cannot leave Angela and Angela cannot leave Charles. Wishes they lived in Virginia or Philadelphia, as the climate here sickly. Planters lose much by fall of sugar and cotton prices. Parke has another child [Lawrence Lewis Butler]. Lorenzo has another boy [Edward Parke Custis Lewis].","Nelly sends her greetings of the season. She apologizes for her bad handwriting due to her wrist stiff, and she's deaf in one ear, but she can do needlework for children and grandchildren. Angela and family arrived safely back in Louisiana. Parke's eldest son, Edward George Washington Butler, broke his thigh and still limps. Angela and Charles to return to Woodlawn for visit next spring and summer. Little boys from Audley [Lorenzo's children] here for Christmas. Hasn't yet received memoirs of Lafayette. Hasn't heard from her \"dear Brother George\" [i.e., Georges Washington Lafayette] in a long time.","Although Angela was to be confined in June, Nelly's poor health prevented her going to her. Angela gave birth July 3 to a baby boy named Lawrence Lewis Conrad at summer residence. Charley [Charles Angelo Conrad] very fond of his little brother. Parke and Esther expect in October. Nelly's journey to Louisiana \"delayed by necessity of having a proper shelter made to protect the Sarcophagi at Mt Vn. Mr. L has at last completed it, and I am told that it is a very great improvement to the Tomb, and will be a complete protection to the marble--I have never seen the Genls, it was only uncover'd since the work was completed.\" Goes to Audley Saturday. Has been making preserves for daughters' families because many fruits they can't get in Louisiana. Will work a greek cap for Lolen [Lorenzo].","Nelly expresses her gratitude for Elizabeth's letter of sympathy on Angela's death. She has outlived 6 of her 8 children, but Angela is the only one she was not with at the time of her death. She hadn't gone to Louisiana because Angela begged her not to come in summer heat. Had remained with Mr. Lewis at Woodlawn waiting for work on shelter for the sepulchre at Mount Vernon to be finished. Angela died of congestion of the brain which destroyed her senses and her life. Hopes to go on 13th or 14th to Louisiana. Charles Conrad and Angela's two babies to come to Woodlawn in the summer. Esther Coxe Lewis has another boy [Charles C. Lewis].","Nelly was forced to leave Parke's house because of Butler's insults:  his vile treatment of Parke and her unhappiness. Parke \"has suffered almost ten years of sorrow and privations of every kind, and for the last six years the most brutal treatment.\" Butler is mean and selfish. Since Mr. Lewis's death, and he knows he'll get nothing from her, his opinion of her has come out in open. Nelly hopes to take Angela's orphan boys to Audley in Spring.","Nelly writes that her orphan boys [Charles Angelo and Lawrence Lewis Conrad] were taken from her by their father, for health reasons, but will be returned to her in summer. Parke and children are well. Elizabeth's nephew, Mr. Bordley, his wife and daughter visited.","Nelly writes of Parke's children. Charles Conrad and his 2 children arrived safe in New Orleans. Children have been with Parke since December nineteenth. Descriptions and stories about Angela's 2 children [Chas. A. and Lawrence Lewis Conrad]. Hopes they can all come to Audley in Spring. Mrs. B. Bordley [wife of Elizabeth Gibson's nephew] writes that her husband has gone to Savannah.","Nelly's family is well. Parke devotes herself to improvement of her daughters. Introduces Mr. Henry Daingerfield (nephew to Dr. Henry Daingerfield) and his daughter. He intends placing his daughter in school in Philadelphia.","Nelly took Angela's children to meet father, Charles Conrad, on his way to Europe. He will be gone a year and left boys under her care. Saw Britannia Peter, now married to Capt. Kennan. Mary Custis Lee and 3 children at Fort Hamilton, where Robert Lee is in corps of engineers. 2 of the daughters with their grandmother [Mrs. Lee?]. Parke's eldest son Edward George Washington Butler is with her now. He is to be a student at George Town college. Angela's remains moved from Pass Christian in June and \"I had the comfort to see them properly deposited near the Tomb of Washington where a monument and iron railing will be erected as soon as possible. The railing will enclose space enough to contain Mr. Conrad and our precious Boys\".","Recalls days of her girlhood in Philadelphia. A clergyman's wife to open school near Parke's home, children can attend. Grandson [E.George Washington Butler] in school at George Town College. Seven grandsons here have colds. Letters from [Charles Conrad] now in Europe. Mary [Custis] Lee has new son. Britannia [Peter Kennan] has a daughter.","Tells of the explosion aboard the \"Princeton\" [Feb. 28] and death of niece, Brittania [Peter Kennan's] husband. America's daughter Martha was with her at the time aboard the ship. Christening of Brittania's baby [Martha Custis Kennan] month after father's death. Mr. Conrad returns in summer.","Trip to New Port with Charles Conrad and two grandsons, Charley and Lewis Conrad restored her health much. Conrad's hurry to return to New Orleans prevented her seeing Elizabeth as she passed thru Philadelphia. Charley had several teeth drawn in New York and a pebble in his forehead cut out. She was much visited in New Port by old friends and strangers. Postmarked \"Berryville Va Aug. 10.\"","Nelly urges a more frequent correspondence between them. Recalls friends she saw in New Port and New York. Reports her mixed feelings on meeting Frank Gray at Newport.  Washy [George Washington Lewis] and Sonny [Edward George Washington Butler] have returned to school. Mr. Conrad well and the convention adjourned 'til January. Mr. Bordley, Elizabeth's nephew, and his wife visited. He is busy painting portraits in Winchester.","Nelly sends Elizabeth some needle work done by her 2 granddaughters [Caroline and E. A. Isabella Butler]. They will probably stay in school there if Mr. Fay [the minister] and his wife [their teacher] stay there, instead of coming to Miss Mercer's school near Audley. Expresses her great desire to travel over the world at this late age. She has a disease of the heart, affection of the liver, rheumatism and deaf in one ear. Conrad will take away Charley and Lewis next winter.","Nelly expresses her devotion to her old friends. Recommends remedy for Elizabeth's headaches. She finished a piece of worsted work for little Lewis Conrad and has 9 more to work. Gives her daily schedule. Mentions her old friends. Conveys news of Parke's children and the Conrads. Esther still delicate after 2 months confinement in winter.","Her visit to New Port was prevented by a visit of Parke and her children and two Conrad boys. Parke's 2 daughters to be left at Miss Margaret Mercer's school near Leesburg. Miss M. is daughter of Coll John Fenton Mercer of Marleborough, a second \"Jane de Montfort,\" has devoted herself to restoring brother's property. Lewis Conrad has been ill with catarrha fever and inflamation of the lungs. Robert Lee has been ordered to Mexico; Mary and their seven children will remain at Arlington.","Parke went home in November, expecting Butler to depart for Mexico. Governor of Louisiana appointed him Major General of militia and he expects appointment by Mr. Polk of same rank. She mentions Mr. Williams' death at Monterey [America Peter's husband]. Anxious about Robert Lee who is with General Wood. Charles and Lewis Conrad with their father in New Orleans. The unexpected death of Miss Margaret Mercer will not close the school. Woodlawn sold to Messrs. Gillingham and a company from Philadelphia for 25,000 dollars. Lorenzo thought it best for his childrens' interests.","Nelly writes of Parke's youngest son, Lawrence Lewis Butler. The eldest, Edward George Washington Butler is at Carolina College in Columbia. Polk offered Butler a Colonelcy of Dragoons, but had promised a Brigadier's command, so he probably won't accept. Washy [George Washington Lewis] is at Virginia Military Institute at Lexington. Nelly is doing needlework for grandchildren. She never goes out except for Church. \"Dear Robt\" [Lee] is with General Scott. \"Our fears and anxieties are all for the noble Genl Taylor and his brave little band - may the Almighty be their shield. A halter for Polk and a scourge for Scott if Taylor is not safe ...\" [Reference to Scott ordering away a large part of Taylor's small army and leaving him with scant troops to face Santa Anna. The battle at Buena Vista in late February was a victory for Taylor].","Nelly writes of Parke's children; her eldest son at Columbia College in South Carolina [Edward George Washington Butler]. Accepts condolences on Lorenzo's death.","Nelly thanks Elizabeth for the letter that arrived the day before her 69th birthday. Describes her ailments. Thankful her eyes and hands are still good. Angela's sons, Charles and Lewis Conrad, are at school in Alexandria. Boys here [Audley] under care of oldest brother [George Washington Lewis]. Esther manages estate well. Describes needlework she is doing for grandchildren. Death of Elizabeth Mifflin's mother.","Nelly sends Elizabeth a bookmark worked in silk given her by Martha Washington 57 years ago. Lorenzo's boys learn under a tutor. Washy [George Washington Lewis] very fond of farming. Charley and Lewis Conrad visit her but go to New Orleans in winter. Mary Custis Lee and husband Col. Robert E. Lee visited. Robert goes to Boston to meet board of Engineers.","Nelly is anxious to receive Elizabeth's drawing of Bishop White. She herself has had difficulty with her current work, \"Spanish Boy on a Donkey.\" Hopes to go to district to see \"our truly great and good\" Presient Zachary Taylor. Recommends \"Morehead's magnetic machine\" for deafness and other evils.","Nelly was visiting for 4 months with friends and relatives in \"the lower Country.\" Spent 3 weeks with Mrs. Mason of Colross. Parke safe from cholera, but many slaves dead. Speaks of baby [of Mrs. McCalls?]; she named it \"Zacha the best of Babes, after the noblest of living men.\" Parke's 2 daughters at home in Louisiana again. Charley and Lewis Conrad are at school in Georgetown. The twins, Lawrence Fielding and John Redman Coxe Lewis, are in school in Alexandria.","The death of President Zachary Taylor. Nelly's palsy and partial paralysis; Morehead's Galvanic Machine, the flesh brush, and diverse medicines have effected some improvement.","Nelly says that her condition is better, but she cannot get out or around much. Butler's sister Mrs. Donelson stricken insensible with paralysis and died 3 days later. Conrad boys reside in Washington with their father. Received unfinished letter from the late Zachary Taylor, found among his papers. Urges Elizabeth to visit Audley. Speaks of cup \"Zach\" gave her.","A four page manuscript beginning with a poem titled \"For Miss Eleanor Parke Custis on her fifteenth Birthday, March 31st 1794\", but clearly not the original Andrew Allen manuscript as it is in Nelly Custis's hand and her 21 January 1851 letter mentions having burned the original when she married. It also contains other reflections on her early life and remarks about the poem and another poem included. This piece may have been written out in 1851 either for herself or for her friend Elizabeth Bordley Gibson. It was identified by Donald Jackson as \"an undated scrap intended for Elizabeth, written very late in her life\" in an article \"George Washington's Beautiful Nelly\" published in American Heritage 28:2 (Feb. 1977).","Nelly expresses her devotion to Elizabeth, how much their friendship has meant to her. Recalls happy days in Philadelphia when young. She can't even go to her \"boys\" [the grandsons] since last attack of paralysis. Can walk about house with a cane, but much crippled. Her recollections of Andrew Allen who recently died and discusses a poem he wrote her on her 15th birthday.","There could be parts of this letter missing, as it begins abruptly with the thought that Nelly's mother predicted she would be blind and deranged by such a life. Hasn't been able to write verses since Lafayette's visit. Quotes poetry written in 1794. [The letter might actually start near the top of what is here the second page, where there is a salutation right after the end of the poem; this would have the previous page of poetry become the end of the letter]. Andrew [Allen's] bad health and death; his great worth. She works keepsakes in chenille for Elizabeth and other friends. Hope she can complete them all before 72nd birthday. Description of Woodlawn now much changed, for the worse. Hopes to be able to cross mountain to see it again, \"my ruined home\".","\"I do not believe the Genls Mother [Mary Ball Washington] ever had her likeness taken by any one\"; if she had had it taken it wouldn't be in hands of strangers. \"Mr. L[ewis] was her favorite Grandchild, more with her than any other - he never saw or heard of any likeness being taken.\" Thanks for Andrew Allen's inscription to memory of 1st wife.  Sorry her appearance \"shocked and horrified\" him when they dined together last. Learned from Col. Humphreys to repeat his verses when he lived at Mount Vernon. Visited Mrs. Hamilton in Washington who though 93 or 94 is quite active.","Just received accompanying packet from \"our dear Nelly Custis.\" Feeble health has prevented her calling on [Mrs. J.] and her daughters.","Thanking Mrs. Gibson for forwarding Mrs. [Nelly Parke Custis] Lewis's token of remembrance and requesting that Mrs. Gibson forward her letter to Mrs. Lewis. Name on original manuscript appears as \"Mrs. S. V. Bradford.\"","Nelly speaks of a portrait taken at 25, after 8 years of marriage. Intends to copy her old verses into blank book for her only child [Parke]. \"My Boys and E. [Lorenzo's wife and sons] are well but miss their father.\" Mary Lee and 3 children there now, and expects Sister [Martha Peter] and 3 grandchildren this week. Mary Lee has a son at West Point \"worthy of his Father\" [Robert E. Lee]. Disappointed in Root's likeness of her [a daguerreotype], but preferred him to Brady. Oscar Lafayette wrote of death of \"my faithful friend and Brother\" [Georges Washington Lafayette]. Description of Edmond Lafayette, who resembles his father and grandfather.","Nelly sends Elizabeth her verses on Agnes Lewis which Esther Maria Coxe Lewis copied for her, also translation of some French verses. Sent Elizabeth's verses to Parke and her daughters. She and children inherit a love of the needle and its uses from \"Grandmother who was, in all things, a model for her sex.\" Charles and Lawrence Conrad spent 3 weeks with her. Barton Stout's visit to Woodlawn and verses he wrote while there.","Nelly encloses note to their afflicted friend, Maria Nixon. More on Edward George Washington Butler's unjust treatment of Parke.","Nelly received her note yesterday, but not the cake. Sends a note to Miss Bordley for \"our dear Elizabeth.\" She arose at 5 this morning, did long Italian lesson before writing letters. Will be happy to go Lansdown with Mrs. Bordley. Grandmother sends compliments. Undated, but clearly written during Nelly's years in Philadelphia as a girl.","\"Miss Bordley, Union Street, Philadelphia.\" Red seal inscribed with key.","Small single sheet. Brief note accompanying mementos for her Philadelphia friends. \"The silver tissues was Grandmamas wedding dress when united to the Gen'l. The satin she wore at the last Birthnight in Phia.\".","Visit by Mr. Smyth. Talk of the French Revolution and the French desire to return a Bourbon to the throne. Mother ill. Anxious over whether packages were received. First page missing. Addressed to \"Mrs. R[ichard] C. Derby.\"","Death of her little brother, Edmund. Nelly Custis here, \"livelier than ever.\" Papa [Edmund Randolph] leaves for Philadelphia early. E[lizabeth] Allen came here to see Nelly Custis but she was out. She must dress and make Papa's breakfast. Don't show letter to anyone."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Randolph, Susan Beverley, 1781-1846","Kuhn, Adam, Dr., 1741-1817","Morris, Caroline Maria Calvert, 1800-1842","Ross, Henrietta Maria Bordley, 1762-1828","Gibson, James, 1769-1856","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Bradford, Susan, 1764-1854","Derby, Martha Coffin, 1783-1811"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_55_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8881","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Susan H. Godson Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8881#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Godson, Susan H. (Godson, Susan Hall), d. 2013","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8881#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eContains Susan H. Godson's notes from her contributions to The College of William \u0026amp; Mary: A History (1993). Most of the notes are handwritten on yellow legal or letter-sized paper and relate to the college's history beginning around 1888 and continuing throughout the twentieth century. The papers include research-related correspondence, including several letters from the late College President Paschall. The papers also include reproductions of numerous archival documents and news clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8881#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8881","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8881","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8881","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8881","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8881.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Godson, Susan H.  Papers","title_ssm":["Susan H. Godson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Susan H. Godson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1980-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1980-1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 5.015","/repositories/2/resources/8881"],"text":["UA 5.015","/repositories/2/resources/8881","Susan H. Godson Papers","College of William and Mary--History--19th century","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","This collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","William and Mary student (1949-1951). Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Contains Susan H. Godson's notes from her contributions to The College of William \u0026 Mary: A History (1993).  Most of the notes are handwritten on yellow legal or letter-sized paper and relate to the college's history beginning around 1888 and continuing throughout the twentieth century.  The papers include research-related correspondence, including several letters from the late College President Paschall.  The papers also include reproductions of numerous archival documents and news clippings.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary.","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Godson, Susan H. (Godson, Susan Hall), d. 2013","Chandler, Alvin Duke","Chandler, J. A. C. 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