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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is not yet fully arranged and described. Additional descriptions of the collection by accession is available in the finding aid/inventory below.","Wilford Kale (1944- ) attended the College of William and Mary from 1962 until 1967, and graduated in 1971 from Park College (now Park University). He is the author and co-author of several books. Kale wrote articles for The Flat Hat and other publications while he was a student at William and Mary. He also worked for the Richmond Times-Dispatch from 1966-1968 and 1971 to 1993. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Wilford Kale.","Acc. 2009.568 accessioned and minimally described by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist, in December 2009. 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Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Wilford Kale.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wilford Kale (1944- ) attended the College of William and Mary from 1962 until 1967, and graduated in 1971 from Park College (now Park University). He is the author and co-author of several books. Kale wrote articles for The Flat Hat and other publications while he was a student at William and Mary. He also worked for the Richmond Times-Dispatch from 1966-1968 and 1971 to 1993. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Wilford Kale."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilford Kale Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Wilford Kale Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2009.568 accessioned and minimally described by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist, in December 2009. All previous descriptions were written by SCRC Staff.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Acc. 2009.568 accessioned and minimally described by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist, in December 2009. All previous descriptions were written by SCRC Staff."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInternational First Day Covers Honoring America's Bicentennial (Mss. 1985.04).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Audiocassettes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["International First Day Covers Honoring America's Bicentennial (Mss. 1985.04).","Audiocassettes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection includes drafts, proofs, publicity material, photographs, correspondence, and related material from the writing career of Wilford Kale. Material is available for Hark Upon the Gale, Private Homes in Williamsburg, The Brafferton: The Education of the Indian, Goal to Goal: 100 Seasons of Football at William and Mary, and Parke Rouse's Jamestown. There is also correspondence and reports from the 275th and 300th anniversaries of the College of William and Mary, the 400th anniversary of Jamestown, and other events.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the collection includes drafts, proofs, publicity material, photographs, correspondence, and related material from the writing career of Wilford Kale. Material is available for Hark Upon the Gale, Private Homes in Williamsburg, The Brafferton: The Education of the Indian, Goal to Goal: 100 Seasons of Football at William and Mary, and Parke Rouse's Jamestown. There is also correspondence and reports from the 275th and 300th anniversaries of the College of William and Mary, the 400th anniversary of Jamestown, and other events."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e News from The College of William \u0026amp; Mary in Virginia Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.01), Soon, No Place to Go… Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.02), New Parking Regulations Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.03), Another Rose Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.04), The Parking Game Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.05), and Stella Neiman Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.06) transferred to the University Archives Artifact Collection\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["All audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.","News from The College of William \u0026 Mary in Virginia Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.01), Soon, No Place to Go… Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.02), New Parking Regulations Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.03), Another Rose Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.04), The Parking Game Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.05), and Stella Neiman Printer's Block (Mss2008.103.06) transferred to the University Archives Artifact Collection"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Laycock, Jimmye McFarland"],"names_coll_ssim":["Laycock, Jimmye McFarland"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Laycock, Jimmye McFarland"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":91,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:06.916Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8978"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_11.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers","title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"text":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000","WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11","Virginia","Kentucky","Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery","The collection is open for research use.","William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.","WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers","This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"collection_ssim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"places_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"creator_ssm":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":80,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:23:55.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_11.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers","title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"text":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000","WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11","Virginia","Kentucky","Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery","The collection is open for research use.","William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.","WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers","This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":80,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:23:55.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8895#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8895#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection encompasses the records of the organization William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA) founded in 1986. Materials in the collection date from before the organization's founding to the present, with the majority of the material covering the years 1986 through 1992. The earliest records were maintained and created by Stephen Snell and George Greenia. The major issues covered include the founding of the organization, initial battles for recognition by the William and Mary Alumni Association, the fight to have sexual orientation added to the university's non-discrimination policy, and the suit to have anti-homosexual language removed from the state of Virginia's policies on liquor licensing. The records were collected by William and Mary GALA founder and first president Stephen Snell, Professor George Greenia, presidents Steve Murden, Wayne Curtis, Frank Edwards, and others. Included in the collection are fliers, correspondence, education materials, news clippings, and organizational papers. Due to the multiple creators associated with the collection, the same documents can be found in multiple series and folders within the collection. For instance, notices about events and correspondence may be found in a general chronological folder as well as a folder about a specific event or topic.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8895#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8895.xml","title_filing_ssi":"GALA, Gay and Lesbian Alumni, Inc., Records","title_ssm":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records"],"title_tesim":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1981-2015","1986-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-2015"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1986-2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"text":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015","UA 42","/repositories/2/resources/8895","College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Swem Library--Richard Cornish Fund","Fundraising campaigns","Homecoming","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Further accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into eight series: Series 1: Correspondence, Series 2: News Clippings, Series 3: Cornish Fund, Series 4: GALA Event Materials, Series 5: GALA Publications, Series 6: Public Education Materials, Series 7: GLBT Student Groups, Series 8: GALA Organizational Materials.","The College of William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae was organized in 1986 by College alumnus Steve Snell '66, the organization's first president. The group has worked with and offered financial and leadership support to campus student organizations such as the Lambda Alliance (formerly Lesbian and Gay Student Union), the Gay Student Support Group and Alternatives. In 1990 GALA successfully campaigned to have \"sexual orientation\" added to the College's non-discrimination policy, and in 1991 joined the fight to have anti-homosexual language removed from the Virginia Alcoholic Beverages Control Board's liquor license code. The mission of GALA is to advocate for and provide education to straight, gay and lesbian students and alumni through, according to their mission statement, \"fundraising and direct participation support for alumni/ae through networking, social community and Homecoming events.\" Further information about this organization is available in the Special Collections Research Center Knowledgebase: \nWilliam \u0026 Mary GALA","Accession 1987.3 includes material created and collected by George Greenia. Accession 1987.3 was assigned to the initial gift of Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 (1 box) plus two later additions from Prof. Greenia in October 1987 (1 box) and 1997 (scrapbook and 2 boxes). Accession 2002.071 was assigned to the material received from GALA in 2002-2003. This material was collected by former GALA board member Steven Murden from other GALA members before being transferred to the Special Collections Research Center. Murden did not arrange the collection before its transfer to the SCRC, but did review the material for any confidential material.","A portion of the collection was processed by an unidentified SCRC student staff member prior to 2007. Zach Hilpert, SCRC Staff, processed much of the collection then in the SCRC and authored the finding aid in March-May 2007. Additional material was arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in March-May 2010 and Patricia Sanabria, SCRC Staff, in September 2010-March 2011. Acc. 2012.159 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2012.","University Archives Oral History Collection; Lesbian and Gay Union Records (UA 7.010); Gay Student Support Group Records (UA 7.090); Students Organizations Collection; records of the Office of the President (various administrations); University Archives Subject File Collection; University Archives Photograph Collection; University Archives Artifact Collection; William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association.","This collection encompasses the records of the organization William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA) founded in 1986. Materials in the collection date from before the organization's founding to the present, with the majority of the material covering the years 1986 through 1992. The earliest records were maintained and created by Stephen Snell and George Greenia. The major issues covered include the founding of the organization, initial battles for recognition by the William and Mary Alumni Association, the fight to have sexual orientation added to the university's non-discrimination policy, and the suit to have anti-homosexual language removed from the state of Virginia's policies on liquor licensing. The records were collected by William and Mary GALA founder and first president Stephen Snell, Professor George Greenia, presidents Steve Murden, Wayne Curtis, Frank Edwards, and others. Included in the collection are fliers, correspondence, education materials, news clippings, and organizational papers. Due to the multiple creators associated with the collection, the same documents can be found in multiple series and folders within the collection. For instance, notices about events and correspondence may be found in a general chronological folder as well as a folder about a specific event or topic.","Oral history interviews conducted for the Stephens Project are available in the University Archives Oral History Collection. Memorabilia such as t-shirts, buttons, etc. are available in the University Archives Artifacts Collection. Current information about GALA, including some documents from 2001 to the present are available at GALA's website: http://wmgala.wordpress.com/.","A 20th anniversary champagne glass was removed from this collection and added to the University Archives Artifact Collection.","Two baseball caps (2011.603.01 and 2011.603.02) were transferred to Series 1: Textiles, Subseries 4: Hats of the University Archives Artifacts Collection upon accessioning.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc","Snell, Stephen Holmes","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"collection_ssim":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 42","/repositories/2/resources/8895"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 42","/repositories/2/resources/8895"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"creator_ssim":["William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"creators_ssim":["Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc","Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials in this collection were donated by GALA and individual members. Accession 1987.3 was donated by Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 with additions added to this accession number in October 1987 and 1997. Acc. 2002.071 was donated by GALA in 2002-2003 (including 12/18/2003) via GALA Archivist Steve Murden. Acc. 2008.112 was received from GALA President Wayne Curtis on 10/25/2008. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Swem Library--Richard Cornish Fund","Fundraising campaigns","Homecoming","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Swem Library--Richard Cornish Fund","Fundraising campaigns","Homecoming","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.40 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["12.40 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFurther accruals are expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Further accruals are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into eight series: Series 1: Correspondence, Series 2: News Clippings, Series 3: Cornish Fund, Series 4: GALA Event Materials, Series 5: GALA Publications, Series 6: Public Education Materials, Series 7: GLBT Student Groups, Series 8: GALA Organizational Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into eight series: Series 1: Correspondence, Series 2: News Clippings, Series 3: Cornish Fund, Series 4: GALA Event Materials, Series 5: GALA Publications, Series 6: Public Education Materials, Series 7: GLBT Student Groups, Series 8: GALA Organizational Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe College of William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae was organized in 1986 by College alumnus Steve Snell '66, the organization's first president. The group has worked with and offered financial and leadership support to campus student organizations such as the Lambda Alliance (formerly Lesbian and Gay Student Union), the Gay Student Support Group and Alternatives. In 1990 GALA successfully campaigned to have \"sexual orientation\" added to the College's non-discrimination policy, and in 1991 joined the fight to have anti-homosexual language removed from the Virginia Alcoholic Beverages Control Board's liquor license code. The mission of GALA is to advocate for and provide education to straight, gay and lesbian students and alumni through, according to their mission statement, \"fundraising and direct participation support for alumni/ae through networking, social community and Homecoming events.\" Further information about this organization is available in the Special Collections Research Center Knowledgebase: \n\u003ca href=\"https://scrc-kb.libraries.wm.edu/william-mary-gala\"\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary GALA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["The College of William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae was organized in 1986 by College alumnus Steve Snell '66, the organization's first president. The group has worked with and offered financial and leadership support to campus student organizations such as the Lambda Alliance (formerly Lesbian and Gay Student Union), the Gay Student Support Group and Alternatives. In 1990 GALA successfully campaigned to have \"sexual orientation\" added to the College's non-discrimination policy, and in 1991 joined the fight to have anti-homosexual language removed from the Virginia Alcoholic Beverages Control Board's liquor license code. The mission of GALA is to advocate for and provide education to straight, gay and lesbian students and alumni through, according to their mission statement, \"fundraising and direct participation support for alumni/ae through networking, social community and Homecoming events.\" Further information about this organization is available in the Special Collections Research Center Knowledgebase: \nWilliam \u0026 Mary GALA"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession 1987.3 includes material created and collected by George Greenia. Accession 1987.3 was assigned to the initial gift of Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 (1 box) plus two later additions from Prof. Greenia in October 1987 (1 box) and 1997 (scrapbook and 2 boxes). Accession 2002.071 was assigned to the material received from GALA in 2002-2003. This material was collected by former GALA board member Steven Murden from other GALA members before being transferred to the Special Collections Research Center. Murden did not arrange the collection before its transfer to the SCRC, but did review the material for any confidential material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["Accession 1987.3 includes material created and collected by George Greenia. Accession 1987.3 was assigned to the initial gift of Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 (1 box) plus two later additions from Prof. Greenia in October 1987 (1 box) and 1997 (scrapbook and 2 boxes). Accession 2002.071 was assigned to the material received from GALA in 2002-2003. This material was collected by former GALA board member Steven Murden from other GALA members before being transferred to the Special Collections Research Center. Murden did not arrange the collection before its transfer to the SCRC, but did review the material for any confidential material."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam and Mary GALA Records, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William and Mary GALA Records, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of the collection was processed by an unidentified SCRC student staff member prior to 2007. Zach Hilpert, SCRC Staff, processed much of the collection then in the SCRC and authored the finding aid in March-May 2007. Additional material was arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in March-May 2010 and Patricia Sanabria, SCRC Staff, in September 2010-March 2011. Acc. 2012.159 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["A portion of the collection was processed by an unidentified SCRC student staff member prior to 2007. Zach Hilpert, SCRC Staff, processed much of the collection then in the SCRC and authored the finding aid in March-May 2007. Additional material was arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in March-May 2010 and Patricia Sanabria, SCRC Staff, in September 2010-March 2011. Acc. 2012.159 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity Archives Oral History Collection; Lesbian and Gay Union Records (UA 7.010); Gay Student Support Group Records (UA 7.090); Students Organizations Collection; records of the Office of the President (various administrations); University Archives Subject File Collection; University Archives Photograph Collection; University Archives Artifact Collection; William \u0026amp; Mary Alumni Association.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["University Archives Oral History Collection; Lesbian and Gay Union Records (UA 7.010); Gay Student Support Group Records (UA 7.090); Students Organizations Collection; records of the Office of the President (various administrations); University Archives Subject File Collection; University Archives Photograph Collection; University Archives Artifact Collection; William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection encompasses the records of the organization William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA) founded in 1986. Materials in the collection date from before the organization's founding to the present, with the majority of the material covering the years 1986 through 1992. The earliest records were maintained and created by Stephen Snell and George Greenia. The major issues covered include the founding of the organization, initial battles for recognition by the William and Mary Alumni Association, the fight to have sexual orientation added to the university's non-discrimination policy, and the suit to have anti-homosexual language removed from the state of Virginia's policies on liquor licensing. The records were collected by William and Mary GALA founder and first president Stephen Snell, Professor George Greenia, presidents Steve Murden, Wayne Curtis, Frank Edwards, and others. Included in the collection are fliers, correspondence, education materials, news clippings, and organizational papers. Due to the multiple creators associated with the collection, the same documents can be found in multiple series and folders within the collection. For instance, notices about events and correspondence may be found in a general chronological folder as well as a folder about a specific event or topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Oral history interviews conducted for the Stephens Project are available in the University Archives Oral History Collection. Memorabilia such as t-shirts, buttons, etc. are available in the University Archives Artifacts Collection. Current information about GALA, including some documents from 2001 to the present are available at GALA's website: http://wmgala.wordpress.com/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection encompasses the records of the organization William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA) founded in 1986. Materials in the collection date from before the organization's founding to the present, with the majority of the material covering the years 1986 through 1992. The earliest records were maintained and created by Stephen Snell and George Greenia. The major issues covered include the founding of the organization, initial battles for recognition by the William and Mary Alumni Association, the fight to have sexual orientation added to the university's non-discrimination policy, and the suit to have anti-homosexual language removed from the state of Virginia's policies on liquor licensing. The records were collected by William and Mary GALA founder and first president Stephen Snell, Professor George Greenia, presidents Steve Murden, Wayne Curtis, Frank Edwards, and others. Included in the collection are fliers, correspondence, education materials, news clippings, and organizational papers. Due to the multiple creators associated with the collection, the same documents can be found in multiple series and folders within the collection. For instance, notices about events and correspondence may be found in a general chronological folder as well as a folder about a specific event or topic.","Oral history interviews conducted for the Stephens Project are available in the University Archives Oral History Collection. Memorabilia such as t-shirts, buttons, etc. are available in the University Archives Artifacts Collection. Current information about GALA, including some documents from 2001 to the present are available at GALA's website: http://wmgala.wordpress.com/."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA 20th anniversary champagne glass was removed from this collection and added to the University Archives Artifact Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Two baseball caps (2011.603.01 and 2011.603.02) were transferred to Series 1: Textiles, Subseries 4: Hats of the University Archives Artifacts Collection upon accessioning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A 20th anniversary champagne glass was removed from this collection and added to the University Archives Artifact Collection.","Two baseball caps (2011.603.01 and 2011.603.02) were transferred to Series 1: Textiles, Subseries 4: Hats of the University Archives Artifacts Collection upon accessioning."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc"],"famname_ssim":["Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"persname_ssim":["Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc","Snell, Stephen Holmes","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":296,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:04.561Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8895","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8895.xml","title_filing_ssi":"GALA, Gay and Lesbian Alumni, Inc., Records","title_ssm":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records"],"title_tesim":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1981-2015","1986-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-2015"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1986-2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"text":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015","UA 42","/repositories/2/resources/8895","College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Swem Library--Richard Cornish Fund","Fundraising campaigns","Homecoming","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Further accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into eight series: Series 1: Correspondence, Series 2: News Clippings, Series 3: Cornish Fund, Series 4: GALA Event Materials, Series 5: GALA Publications, Series 6: Public Education Materials, Series 7: GLBT Student Groups, Series 8: GALA Organizational Materials.","The College of William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae was organized in 1986 by College alumnus Steve Snell '66, the organization's first president. The group has worked with and offered financial and leadership support to campus student organizations such as the Lambda Alliance (formerly Lesbian and Gay Student Union), the Gay Student Support Group and Alternatives. In 1990 GALA successfully campaigned to have \"sexual orientation\" added to the College's non-discrimination policy, and in 1991 joined the fight to have anti-homosexual language removed from the Virginia Alcoholic Beverages Control Board's liquor license code. The mission of GALA is to advocate for and provide education to straight, gay and lesbian students and alumni through, according to their mission statement, \"fundraising and direct participation support for alumni/ae through networking, social community and Homecoming events.\" Further information about this organization is available in the Special Collections Research Center Knowledgebase: \nWilliam \u0026 Mary GALA","Accession 1987.3 includes material created and collected by George Greenia. Accession 1987.3 was assigned to the initial gift of Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 (1 box) plus two later additions from Prof. Greenia in October 1987 (1 box) and 1997 (scrapbook and 2 boxes). Accession 2002.071 was assigned to the material received from GALA in 2002-2003. This material was collected by former GALA board member Steven Murden from other GALA members before being transferred to the Special Collections Research Center. Murden did not arrange the collection before its transfer to the SCRC, but did review the material for any confidential material.","A portion of the collection was processed by an unidentified SCRC student staff member prior to 2007. Zach Hilpert, SCRC Staff, processed much of the collection then in the SCRC and authored the finding aid in March-May 2007. Additional material was arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in March-May 2010 and Patricia Sanabria, SCRC Staff, in September 2010-March 2011. Acc. 2012.159 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2012.","University Archives Oral History Collection; Lesbian and Gay Union Records (UA 7.010); Gay Student Support Group Records (UA 7.090); Students Organizations Collection; records of the Office of the President (various administrations); University Archives Subject File Collection; University Archives Photograph Collection; University Archives Artifact Collection; William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association.","This collection encompasses the records of the organization William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA) founded in 1986. Materials in the collection date from before the organization's founding to the present, with the majority of the material covering the years 1986 through 1992. The earliest records were maintained and created by Stephen Snell and George Greenia. The major issues covered include the founding of the organization, initial battles for recognition by the William and Mary Alumni Association, the fight to have sexual orientation added to the university's non-discrimination policy, and the suit to have anti-homosexual language removed from the state of Virginia's policies on liquor licensing. The records were collected by William and Mary GALA founder and first president Stephen Snell, Professor George Greenia, presidents Steve Murden, Wayne Curtis, Frank Edwards, and others. Included in the collection are fliers, correspondence, education materials, news clippings, and organizational papers. Due to the multiple creators associated with the collection, the same documents can be found in multiple series and folders within the collection. For instance, notices about events and correspondence may be found in a general chronological folder as well as a folder about a specific event or topic.","Oral history interviews conducted for the Stephens Project are available in the University Archives Oral History Collection. Memorabilia such as t-shirts, buttons, etc. are available in the University Archives Artifacts Collection. Current information about GALA, including some documents from 2001 to the present are available at GALA's website: http://wmgala.wordpress.com/.","A 20th anniversary champagne glass was removed from this collection and added to the University Archives Artifact Collection.","Two baseball caps (2011.603.01 and 2011.603.02) were transferred to Series 1: Textiles, Subseries 4: Hats of the University Archives Artifacts Collection upon accessioning.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc","Snell, Stephen Holmes","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"collection_ssim":["William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA), Inc. Records, 1981/2015, bulk 1986/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 42","/repositories/2/resources/8895"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 42","/repositories/2/resources/8895"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"creator_ssim":["William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"creators_ssim":["Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven","Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc","Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials in this collection were donated by GALA and individual members. Accession 1987.3 was donated by Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 with additions added to this accession number in October 1987 and 1997. Acc. 2002.071 was donated by GALA in 2002-2003 (including 12/18/2003) via GALA Archivist Steve Murden. Acc. 2008.112 was received from GALA President Wayne Curtis on 10/25/2008. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Swem Library--Richard Cornish Fund","Fundraising campaigns","Homecoming","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Swem Library--Richard Cornish Fund","Fundraising campaigns","Homecoming","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.40 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["12.40 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFurther accruals are expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Further accruals are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into eight series: Series 1: Correspondence, Series 2: News Clippings, Series 3: Cornish Fund, Series 4: GALA Event Materials, Series 5: GALA Publications, Series 6: Public Education Materials, Series 7: GLBT Student Groups, Series 8: GALA Organizational Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into eight series: Series 1: Correspondence, Series 2: News Clippings, Series 3: Cornish Fund, Series 4: GALA Event Materials, Series 5: GALA Publications, Series 6: Public Education Materials, Series 7: GLBT Student Groups, Series 8: GALA Organizational Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe College of William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae was organized in 1986 by College alumnus Steve Snell '66, the organization's first president. The group has worked with and offered financial and leadership support to campus student organizations such as the Lambda Alliance (formerly Lesbian and Gay Student Union), the Gay Student Support Group and Alternatives. In 1990 GALA successfully campaigned to have \"sexual orientation\" added to the College's non-discrimination policy, and in 1991 joined the fight to have anti-homosexual language removed from the Virginia Alcoholic Beverages Control Board's liquor license code. The mission of GALA is to advocate for and provide education to straight, gay and lesbian students and alumni through, according to their mission statement, \"fundraising and direct participation support for alumni/ae through networking, social community and Homecoming events.\" Further information about this organization is available in the Special Collections Research Center Knowledgebase: \n\u003ca href=\"https://scrc-kb.libraries.wm.edu/william-mary-gala\"\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary GALA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["The College of William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae was organized in 1986 by College alumnus Steve Snell '66, the organization's first president. The group has worked with and offered financial and leadership support to campus student organizations such as the Lambda Alliance (formerly Lesbian and Gay Student Union), the Gay Student Support Group and Alternatives. In 1990 GALA successfully campaigned to have \"sexual orientation\" added to the College's non-discrimination policy, and in 1991 joined the fight to have anti-homosexual language removed from the Virginia Alcoholic Beverages Control Board's liquor license code. The mission of GALA is to advocate for and provide education to straight, gay and lesbian students and alumni through, according to their mission statement, \"fundraising and direct participation support for alumni/ae through networking, social community and Homecoming events.\" Further information about this organization is available in the Special Collections Research Center Knowledgebase: \nWilliam \u0026 Mary GALA"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession 1987.3 includes material created and collected by George Greenia. Accession 1987.3 was assigned to the initial gift of Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 (1 box) plus two later additions from Prof. Greenia in October 1987 (1 box) and 1997 (scrapbook and 2 boxes). Accession 2002.071 was assigned to the material received from GALA in 2002-2003. This material was collected by former GALA board member Steven Murden from other GALA members before being transferred to the Special Collections Research Center. Murden did not arrange the collection before its transfer to the SCRC, but did review the material for any confidential material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["Accession 1987.3 includes material created and collected by George Greenia. Accession 1987.3 was assigned to the initial gift of Prof. George Greenia in January 1987 (1 box) plus two later additions from Prof. Greenia in October 1987 (1 box) and 1997 (scrapbook and 2 boxes). Accession 2002.071 was assigned to the material received from GALA in 2002-2003. This material was collected by former GALA board member Steven Murden from other GALA members before being transferred to the Special Collections Research Center. Murden did not arrange the collection before its transfer to the SCRC, but did review the material for any confidential material."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam and Mary GALA Records, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William and Mary GALA Records, Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of the collection was processed by an unidentified SCRC student staff member prior to 2007. Zach Hilpert, SCRC Staff, processed much of the collection then in the SCRC and authored the finding aid in March-May 2007. Additional material was arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in March-May 2010 and Patricia Sanabria, SCRC Staff, in September 2010-March 2011. Acc. 2012.159 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["A portion of the collection was processed by an unidentified SCRC student staff member prior to 2007. Zach Hilpert, SCRC Staff, processed much of the collection then in the SCRC and authored the finding aid in March-May 2007. Additional material was arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in March-May 2010 and Patricia Sanabria, SCRC Staff, in September 2010-March 2011. Acc. 2012.159 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity Archives Oral History Collection; Lesbian and Gay Union Records (UA 7.010); Gay Student Support Group Records (UA 7.090); Students Organizations Collection; records of the Office of the President (various administrations); University Archives Subject File Collection; University Archives Photograph Collection; University Archives Artifact Collection; William \u0026amp; Mary Alumni Association.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["University Archives Oral History Collection; Lesbian and Gay Union Records (UA 7.010); Gay Student Support Group Records (UA 7.090); Students Organizations Collection; records of the Office of the President (various administrations); University Archives Subject File Collection; University Archives Photograph Collection; University Archives Artifact Collection; William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection encompasses the records of the organization William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA) founded in 1986. Materials in the collection date from before the organization's founding to the present, with the majority of the material covering the years 1986 through 1992. The earliest records were maintained and created by Stephen Snell and George Greenia. The major issues covered include the founding of the organization, initial battles for recognition by the William and Mary Alumni Association, the fight to have sexual orientation added to the university's non-discrimination policy, and the suit to have anti-homosexual language removed from the state of Virginia's policies on liquor licensing. The records were collected by William and Mary GALA founder and first president Stephen Snell, Professor George Greenia, presidents Steve Murden, Wayne Curtis, Frank Edwards, and others. Included in the collection are fliers, correspondence, education materials, news clippings, and organizational papers. Due to the multiple creators associated with the collection, the same documents can be found in multiple series and folders within the collection. For instance, notices about events and correspondence may be found in a general chronological folder as well as a folder about a specific event or topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Oral history interviews conducted for the Stephens Project are available in the University Archives Oral History Collection. Memorabilia such as t-shirts, buttons, etc. are available in the University Archives Artifacts Collection. Current information about GALA, including some documents from 2001 to the present are available at GALA's website: http://wmgala.wordpress.com/.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection encompasses the records of the organization William and Mary Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae (GALA) founded in 1986. Materials in the collection date from before the organization's founding to the present, with the majority of the material covering the years 1986 through 1992. The earliest records were maintained and created by Stephen Snell and George Greenia. The major issues covered include the founding of the organization, initial battles for recognition by the William and Mary Alumni Association, the fight to have sexual orientation added to the university's non-discrimination policy, and the suit to have anti-homosexual language removed from the state of Virginia's policies on liquor licensing. The records were collected by William and Mary GALA founder and first president Stephen Snell, Professor George Greenia, presidents Steve Murden, Wayne Curtis, Frank Edwards, and others. Included in the collection are fliers, correspondence, education materials, news clippings, and organizational papers. Due to the multiple creators associated with the collection, the same documents can be found in multiple series and folders within the collection. For instance, notices about events and correspondence may be found in a general chronological folder as well as a folder about a specific event or topic.","Oral history interviews conducted for the Stephens Project are available in the University Archives Oral History Collection. Memorabilia such as t-shirts, buttons, etc. are available in the University Archives Artifacts Collection. Current information about GALA, including some documents from 2001 to the present are available at GALA's website: http://wmgala.wordpress.com/."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA 20th anniversary champagne glass was removed from this collection and added to the University Archives Artifact Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Two baseball caps (2011.603.01 and 2011.603.02) were transferred to Series 1: Textiles, Subseries 4: Hats of the University Archives Artifacts Collection upon accessioning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A 20th anniversary champagne glass was removed from this collection and added to the University Archives Artifact Collection.","Two baseball caps (2011.603.01 and 2011.603.02) were transferred to Series 1: Textiles, Subseries 4: Hats of the University Archives Artifacts Collection upon accessioning."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc"],"famname_ssim":["Snell, Stephen Holmes"],"persname_ssim":["Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","William and Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc.","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","William \u0026 Mary GALA (Gay and Lesbian Alumni/ae), Inc","Snell, Stephen Holmes","Curtis, Wayne","Greenia, George D.","Murden, Steven"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":296,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:04.561Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8895"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_505","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William A. 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Eppes.","Series 3 and 4: Pug related material."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. Swem Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Swem Library"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. 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Dabney, including: \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOral history interviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrinted material\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArticles and clippings\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitations for military awards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMilitary papers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncoming correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e This collection also includes information about Dabney's role in the Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam, defense of Hill 881S.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_732.xml","title_ssm":["William H. Dabney collection"],"title_tesim":["William H. Dabney collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2006"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960/2006"],"text":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960/2006","MS.0508","/repositories/3/resources/732","Vietnam War (1961-1975)","United States. Marine Corps—Officers—Biography","United States -- Marine Corps -- History -- Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975","Khe Sanh, 2nd Battle of, Vietnam, 1968","Military records","Oral histories","Military decorations","Correspondence","Photographs","There are no restrictions","William H. Dabney's 2005 oral history interview is available online.","A photograph of United States flag flying on Hill 881S during Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam (1968) is avaliable online.","William Howard Dabney was born in 1934 in St. Johns, New Brunswick, Canada to Hugh Keane Dabney (1893-1972) and Mary Hennessey Dabney (1905-?). He attended Yale University and then enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1954. He attained the rank of Sergeant before enrolling at VMI and graduating with the class of 1961. Dabney married Virginia McCandlish Puller (1940-2018), daughter of Lieutenant General Lewis Burwell \"Chesty\" Puller in September, 1961.","An infantry officer, Dabney served 37 years in the United States Marine Corps, including two tours in Vietnam. He earned numerous citations, including the Silver Star, two Bronze Stars, two Vietnamese Crosses of Gallantry, and the Navy Cross. While in Vietnam, he commanded India Company, 3rd Battalion, 26th Marines, on Hill 881S during the Battle of Khe Sanh, for which he was awarded the Navy Cross in 2005.","In 1987 Dabney reported to VMI as Professor of Naval Science and head of the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC) unit. He was subsequently appointed Commandant of Cadets and retired from VMI in May 1990. He spent his retirement years in Lexington, Virginia, where he died in 2012.","This collection consists of items related to William H. Dabney, including:\n\nOral history interviews\nPrinted material\nArticles and clippings\nCitations for military awards\nPhotographs\nMilitary papers\nIncoming correspondence\n\nThis collection also includes information about Dabney's role in the Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam, defense of Hill 881S.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Frank, Benis M.","Dittrich, James F.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960/2006"],"collection_ssim":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0508","/repositories/3/resources/732"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0508","/repositories/3/resources/732"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012"],"creator_ssim":["Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Frank, Benis M.","Dittrich, James F."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Dabney, William H. 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Dabney's 2005 oral history interview is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll7/id/4688\"\u003eA photograph of United States flag flying on Hill 881S during Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam (1968) is avaliable online.\u003c/a\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["William H. Dabney's 2005 oral history interview is available online.","A photograph of United States flag flying on Hill 881S during Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam (1968) is avaliable online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Howard Dabney was born in 1934 in St. Johns, New Brunswick, Canada to Hugh Keane Dabney (1893-1972) and Mary Hennessey Dabney (1905-?). He attended Yale University and then enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1954. He attained the rank of Sergeant before enrolling at VMI and graduating with the class of 1961. Dabney married Virginia McCandlish Puller (1940-2018), daughter of Lieutenant General Lewis Burwell \"Chesty\" Puller in September, 1961.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn infantry officer, Dabney served 37 years in the United States Marine Corps, including two tours in Vietnam. He earned numerous citations, including the Silver Star, two Bronze Stars, two Vietnamese Crosses of Gallantry, and the Navy Cross. While in Vietnam, he commanded India Company, 3rd Battalion, 26th Marines, on Hill 881S during the Battle of Khe Sanh, for which he was awarded the Navy Cross in 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1987 Dabney reported to VMI as Professor of Naval Science and head of the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC) unit. He was subsequently appointed Commandant of Cadets and retired from VMI in May 1990. He spent his retirement years in Lexington, Virginia, where he died in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Howard Dabney was born in 1934 in St. Johns, New Brunswick, Canada to Hugh Keane Dabney (1893-1972) and Mary Hennessey Dabney (1905-?). He attended Yale University and then enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1954. He attained the rank of Sergeant before enrolling at VMI and graduating with the class of 1961. Dabney married Virginia McCandlish Puller (1940-2018), daughter of Lieutenant General Lewis Burwell \"Chesty\" Puller in September, 1961.","An infantry officer, Dabney served 37 years in the United States Marine Corps, including two tours in Vietnam. He earned numerous citations, including the Silver Star, two Bronze Stars, two Vietnamese Crosses of Gallantry, and the Navy Cross. While in Vietnam, he commanded India Company, 3rd Battalion, 26th Marines, on Hill 881S during the Battle of Khe Sanh, for which he was awarded the Navy Cross in 2005.","In 1987 Dabney reported to VMI as Professor of Naval Science and head of the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC) unit. He was subsequently appointed Commandant of Cadets and retired from VMI in May 1990. He spent his retirement years in Lexington, Virginia, where he died in 2012."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam H. Dabney collection, 1960-1991. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960-1991. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of items related to William H. Dabney, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOral history interviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrinted material\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArticles and clippings\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitations for military awards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMilitary papers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncoming correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nThis collection also includes information about Dabney's role in the Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam, defense of Hill 881S.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of items related to William H. Dabney, including:\n\nOral history interviews\nPrinted material\nArticles and clippings\nCitations for military awards\nPhotographs\nMilitary papers\nIncoming correspondence\n\nThis collection also includes information about Dabney's role in the Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam, defense of Hill 881S."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. 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(William Howard), 1934-2012","Frank, Benis M.","Dittrich, James F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:23:37.080Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_732","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_732.xml","title_ssm":["William H. Dabney collection"],"title_tesim":["William H. Dabney collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2006"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960/2006"],"text":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960/2006","MS.0508","/repositories/3/resources/732","Vietnam War (1961-1975)","United States. 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Dabney, including:\n\nOral history interviews\nPrinted material\nArticles and clippings\nCitations for military awards\nPhotographs\nMilitary papers\nIncoming correspondence\n\nThis collection also includes information about Dabney's role in the Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam, defense of Hill 881S.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Frank, Benis M.","Dittrich, James F.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William H. Dabney collection, 1960/2006"],"collection_ssim":["William H. 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The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Vietnam War (1961-1975)","United States. Marine Corps—Officers—Biography","United States -- Marine Corps -- History -- Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975","Khe Sanh, 2nd Battle of, Vietnam, 1968","Military records","Oral histories","Military decorations","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Vietnam War (1961-1975)","United States. 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Dabney's 2005 oral history interview is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll7/id/4688\"\u003eA photograph of United States flag flying on Hill 881S during Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam (1968) is avaliable online.\u003c/a\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["William H. Dabney's 2005 oral history interview is available online.","A photograph of United States flag flying on Hill 881S during Battle of Khe Sanh, Vietnam (1968) is avaliable online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Howard Dabney was born in 1934 in St. Johns, New Brunswick, Canada to Hugh Keane Dabney (1893-1972) and Mary Hennessey Dabney (1905-?). He attended Yale University and then enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1954. He attained the rank of Sergeant before enrolling at VMI and graduating with the class of 1961. 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Federal Highway Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Mertz, Lee, 1920-1993"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials","Tri-State Transportation Commission","United States. Department of Transportation","United States. Federal Highway Administration","Mertz, Lee, 1920-1993"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1321,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:18.300Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_140"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Nicoson, William, 1932-2013","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_96.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William Nicoson papers","title_ssm":["William Nicoson papers"],"title_tesim":["William Nicoson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007"],"text":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007","C0164","/repositories/2/resources/96","Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History","Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Housing","New towns","Planned communities","New towns -- Sweden -- Stockholm","Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides","There are no access restrictions.","Selections from this collection are available online: https://mars.gmu.edu/collections/bf2c2caa-aee0-45ca-98ce-22879267b212","Arranged into seven series.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1965-1980 (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Reston, 1960-1985 (Boxes 3-5)\n      Series 3: Federal, 1960-1980 (Boxes 5-8)\n      Series 4: International, 1957-1979 (Boxes 8-12)\n      Series 5: Newsclippings, 1960-1985 (Boxes 12-14)\n      Series 6: General Information, 1954-1999 (Boxes 14-20)\n      Series 7: Newspaper Columns, 1982-2007 (Boxes 21-25)","William Jarvie Nicoson (1932-2013) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Marion Jarvie and William McGarvey Nicoson. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, Princeton University, and Harvard Law School. He spent his Junior Year of college at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he studied acting with the Director of the Comedie Francais.  At Princeton, he was a member of the Army ROTC.  He served as an officer in the U.S. Army in Germany for two years.","Nicoson's career began at the law firm of Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. He worked in New York City and Paris practicing law before moving to Washington, D.C. in the 1960s.","In 1965 the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created as an executive cabinet-level agency. HUD's mission is to help promote affordable home ownership and community development. William Nicoson was the first Director of the New Community Assistance Program at HUD. The primary goal of this office was to help foster cooperation among all levels of government and private business, both non-profit and profit. He resigned from this position in 1972.","When he moved to Washington, D.C., from New York City, he moved to the then-new community of Reston, Virginia. Robert E. Simon, Jr. was the founder of Reston. Simon purchased the land with the proceeds from the sale of Carnegie Hall in New York City in 1961. Construction began in 1963 with the building of Lake Anne. Nicoson and Simon shared many interests in planned communities and taught a course together in New Community Planning at the New School in New York City.","Nicoson was very active in Reston community organizations and served on a number of boards and committees. He was one of the founders of the Reston Connection newspaper and he served as publisher and writer of a weekly column for five years. He also wrote a monthly column for the Reston Times. In 2002 he was given the \"Best of Reston\" award for his civic participation.","The William Nicoson Papers were originally attached to the larger Planned Community Archives collection currently in the Special Collections Research Center. In 2009 the documents were removed and organized into a separate collection still housed in the Special Collections Research Center at George Mason University Libraries. The old box and folder numbers are also included as part of the new arrangement.","Processed in May 2009 by Emily Martin. Series seven added in July 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the Planned Community Archives and other personal papers and organizational records that document Reston, Virginia, and other planned communities.","The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.","Series one is titled Correspondence. The series contains different correspondence to and from William Nicoson. The correspondence covers a variety of topics such as the Interstate Land Development Company, Low-Income Households in New Towns, Chapel Hill Study and William Nicoson's personal correspondence. The series is dated from 1965 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 1 through 3.","Series two is titled Reston. The series includes information about the development on Reston, including the Reston Town Center, Lake Anne Elementary School and newsclippings from newspaper in Reston and outside of the area. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 3 through 5.","Series three is titled Federal. The information in this series is from federal programs and agencies including Congress about the development of new towns. The material covers a variety of topics such as U.S. Government Memorandum on Tax Reform Act from 1969, U.S. Senate Report on New Towns and Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The series is dated from 1960 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 5 through 8.","Series four is titled International. The series covers a variety of international new towns from France, Sweden, the United Kingdom and others, mostly European nations. Most of the information is brochures, maps and statistics from the international new towns. The series is dated from 1957 to 1979 and is contained in boxes 8 through 12.","Series five is titled Newsclippings. The articles in this collection are mostly from newspapers about different new towns both nationally and internationally. Also in the series are articles written by different people involved in new town development. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 12 through 14.","Series six is titled General Information. The information in this series covers a variety of topics such as Richmond Metropolitan Authority, Town and Country Planning Association and New Communities Development Handbook. Also included are booklets, advertisements, slides and maps. The series is dated from 1954 to 1999 and is contained in boxes 14 through 20.","Series seven is titled Newspaper Columns. This series consists of paper and digital files containing original drafts and research materials for newspaper columns written by William Nicoson that were originally published in the Reston Connection during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The series contains materials dating from 1982 to 2007 and comprises box 21 through 25.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation","Nicoson, William, 1932-2013","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007"],"collection_ssim":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0164","/repositories/2/resources/96"],"unitid_tesim":["C0164","/repositories/2/resources/96"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History"],"places_ssim":["Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"creator_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation"],"creators_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by William Nicoson in multiple parts, first in 1992, then October 6, 1994, August 26, 1998, January 12, 1999, and a donation of newspaper column material in 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Housing","New towns","Planned communities","New towns -- Sweden -- Stockholm","Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Housing","New towns","Planned communities","New towns -- Sweden -- Stockholm","Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12 Linear Feet 25 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12 Linear Feet 25 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelections from this collection are available online: https://mars.gmu.edu/collections/bf2c2caa-aee0-45ca-98ce-22879267b212\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selections from this collection are available online: https://mars.gmu.edu/collections/bf2c2caa-aee0-45ca-98ce-22879267b212"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into seven series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1965-1980 (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Reston, 1960-1985 (Boxes 3-5)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Federal, 1960-1980 (Boxes 5-8)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: International, 1957-1979 (Boxes 8-12)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Newsclippings, 1960-1985 (Boxes 12-14)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: General Information, 1954-1999 (Boxes 14-20)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Newspaper Columns, 1982-2007 (Boxes 21-25)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into seven series.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1965-1980 (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Reston, 1960-1985 (Boxes 3-5)\n      Series 3: Federal, 1960-1980 (Boxes 5-8)\n      Series 4: International, 1957-1979 (Boxes 8-12)\n      Series 5: Newsclippings, 1960-1985 (Boxes 12-14)\n      Series 6: General Information, 1954-1999 (Boxes 14-20)\n      Series 7: Newspaper Columns, 1982-2007 (Boxes 21-25)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Jarvie Nicoson (1932-2013) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Marion Jarvie and William McGarvey Nicoson. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, Princeton University, and Harvard Law School. He spent his Junior Year of college at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he studied acting with the Director of the Comedie Francais.  At Princeton, he was a member of the Army ROTC.  He served as an officer in the U.S. Army in Germany for two years. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicoson's career began at the law firm of Sullivan \u0026amp; Cromwell. He worked in New York City and Paris practicing law before moving to Washington, D.C. in the 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1965 the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created as an executive cabinet-level agency. HUD's mission is to help promote affordable home ownership and community development. William Nicoson was the first Director of the New Community Assistance Program at HUD. The primary goal of this office was to help foster cooperation among all levels of government and private business, both non-profit and profit. He resigned from this position in 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen he moved to Washington, D.C., from New York City, he moved to the then-new community of Reston, Virginia. Robert E. Simon, Jr. was the founder of Reston. Simon purchased the land with the proceeds from the sale of Carnegie Hall in New York City in 1961. Construction began in 1963 with the building of Lake Anne. Nicoson and Simon shared many interests in planned communities and taught a course together in New Community Planning at the New School in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicoson was very active in Reston community organizations and served on a number of boards and committees. He was one of the founders of the Reston Connection newspaper and he served as publisher and writer of a weekly column for five years. He also wrote a monthly column for the Reston Times. In 2002 he was given the \"Best of Reston\" award for his civic participation. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Jarvie Nicoson (1932-2013) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Marion Jarvie and William McGarvey Nicoson. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, Princeton University, and Harvard Law School. He spent his Junior Year of college at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he studied acting with the Director of the Comedie Francais.  At Princeton, he was a member of the Army ROTC.  He served as an officer in the U.S. Army in Germany for two years.","Nicoson's career began at the law firm of Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. He worked in New York City and Paris practicing law before moving to Washington, D.C. in the 1960s.","In 1965 the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created as an executive cabinet-level agency. HUD's mission is to help promote affordable home ownership and community development. William Nicoson was the first Director of the New Community Assistance Program at HUD. The primary goal of this office was to help foster cooperation among all levels of government and private business, both non-profit and profit. He resigned from this position in 1972.","When he moved to Washington, D.C., from New York City, he moved to the then-new community of Reston, Virginia. Robert E. Simon, Jr. was the founder of Reston. Simon purchased the land with the proceeds from the sale of Carnegie Hall in New York City in 1961. Construction began in 1963 with the building of Lake Anne. Nicoson and Simon shared many interests in planned communities and taught a course together in New Community Planning at the New School in New York City.","Nicoson was very active in Reston community organizations and served on a number of boards and committees. He was one of the founders of the Reston Connection newspaper and he served as publisher and writer of a weekly column for five years. He also wrote a monthly column for the Reston Times. In 2002 he was given the \"Best of Reston\" award for his civic participation."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Nicoson papers, C0164, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William Nicoson papers, C0164, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Nicoson Papers were originally attached to the larger Planned Community Archives collection currently in the Special Collections Research Center. In 2009 the documents were removed and organized into a separate collection still housed in the Special Collections Research Center at George Mason University Libraries. The old box and folder numbers are also included as part of the new arrangement. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed in May 2009 by Emily Martin. Series seven added in July 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The William Nicoson Papers were originally attached to the larger Planned Community Archives collection currently in the Special Collections Research Center. In 2009 the documents were removed and organized into a separate collection still housed in the Special Collections Research Center at George Mason University Libraries. The old box and folder numbers are also included as part of the new arrangement.","Processed in May 2009 by Emily Martin. Series seven added in July 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the Planned Community Archives and other personal papers and organizational records that document Reston, Virginia, and other planned communities.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the Planned Community Archives and other personal papers and organizational records that document Reston, Virginia, and other planned communities."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries one is titled Correspondence. The series contains different correspondence to and from William Nicoson. The correspondence covers a variety of topics such as the Interstate Land Development Company, Low-Income Households in New Towns, Chapel Hill Study and William Nicoson's personal correspondence. The series is dated from 1965 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 1 through 3. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries two is titled Reston. The series includes information about the development on Reston, including the Reston Town Center, Lake Anne Elementary School and newsclippings from newspaper in Reston and outside of the area. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 3 through 5. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries three is titled Federal. The information in this series is from federal programs and agencies including Congress about the development of new towns. The material covers a variety of topics such as U.S. Government Memorandum on Tax Reform Act from 1969, U.S. Senate Report on New Towns and Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The series is dated from 1960 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 5 through 8. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries four is titled International. The series covers a variety of international new towns from France, Sweden, the United Kingdom and others, mostly European nations. Most of the information is brochures, maps and statistics from the international new towns. The series is dated from 1957 to 1979 and is contained in boxes 8 through 12. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries five is titled Newsclippings. The articles in this collection are mostly from newspapers about different new towns both nationally and internationally. Also in the series are articles written by different people involved in new town development. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 12 through 14. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries six is titled General Information. The information in this series covers a variety of topics such as Richmond Metropolitan Authority, Town and Country Planning Association and New Communities Development Handbook. Also included are booklets, advertisements, slides and maps. The series is dated from 1954 to 1999 and is contained in boxes 14 through 20. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries seven is titled Newspaper Columns. This series consists of paper and digital files containing original drafts and research materials for newspaper columns written by William Nicoson that were originally published in the Reston Connection during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The series contains materials dating from 1982 to 2007 and comprises box 21 through 25.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.","Series one is titled Correspondence. The series contains different correspondence to and from William Nicoson. The correspondence covers a variety of topics such as the Interstate Land Development Company, Low-Income Households in New Towns, Chapel Hill Study and William Nicoson's personal correspondence. The series is dated from 1965 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 1 through 3.","Series two is titled Reston. The series includes information about the development on Reston, including the Reston Town Center, Lake Anne Elementary School and newsclippings from newspaper in Reston and outside of the area. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 3 through 5.","Series three is titled Federal. The information in this series is from federal programs and agencies including Congress about the development of new towns. The material covers a variety of topics such as U.S. Government Memorandum on Tax Reform Act from 1969, U.S. Senate Report on New Towns and Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The series is dated from 1960 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 5 through 8.","Series four is titled International. The series covers a variety of international new towns from France, Sweden, the United Kingdom and others, mostly European nations. Most of the information is brochures, maps and statistics from the international new towns. The series is dated from 1957 to 1979 and is contained in boxes 8 through 12.","Series five is titled Newsclippings. The articles in this collection are mostly from newspapers about different new towns both nationally and internationally. Also in the series are articles written by different people involved in new town development. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 12 through 14.","Series six is titled General Information. The information in this series covers a variety of topics such as Richmond Metropolitan Authority, Town and Country Planning Association and New Communities Development Handbook. Also included are booklets, advertisements, slides and maps. The series is dated from 1954 to 1999 and is contained in boxes 14 through 20.","Series seven is titled Newspaper Columns. This series consists of paper and digital files containing original drafts and research materials for newspaper columns written by William Nicoson that were originally published in the Reston Connection during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The series contains materials dating from 1982 to 2007 and comprises box 21 through 25."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_17ba1f26197c714355fa4729e94db370\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation","Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"persname_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation","Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":820,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:23.237Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_96.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William Nicoson papers","title_ssm":["William Nicoson papers"],"title_tesim":["William Nicoson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007"],"text":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007","C0164","/repositories/2/resources/96","Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History","Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Housing","New towns","Planned communities","New towns -- Sweden -- Stockholm","Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides","There are no access restrictions.","Selections from this collection are available online: https://mars.gmu.edu/collections/bf2c2caa-aee0-45ca-98ce-22879267b212","Arranged into seven series.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1965-1980 (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Reston, 1960-1985 (Boxes 3-5)\n      Series 3: Federal, 1960-1980 (Boxes 5-8)\n      Series 4: International, 1957-1979 (Boxes 8-12)\n      Series 5: Newsclippings, 1960-1985 (Boxes 12-14)\n      Series 6: General Information, 1954-1999 (Boxes 14-20)\n      Series 7: Newspaper Columns, 1982-2007 (Boxes 21-25)","William Jarvie Nicoson (1932-2013) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Marion Jarvie and William McGarvey Nicoson. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, Princeton University, and Harvard Law School. He spent his Junior Year of college at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he studied acting with the Director of the Comedie Francais.  At Princeton, he was a member of the Army ROTC.  He served as an officer in the U.S. Army in Germany for two years.","Nicoson's career began at the law firm of Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. He worked in New York City and Paris practicing law before moving to Washington, D.C. in the 1960s.","In 1965 the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created as an executive cabinet-level agency. HUD's mission is to help promote affordable home ownership and community development. William Nicoson was the first Director of the New Community Assistance Program at HUD. The primary goal of this office was to help foster cooperation among all levels of government and private business, both non-profit and profit. He resigned from this position in 1972.","When he moved to Washington, D.C., from New York City, he moved to the then-new community of Reston, Virginia. Robert E. Simon, Jr. was the founder of Reston. Simon purchased the land with the proceeds from the sale of Carnegie Hall in New York City in 1961. Construction began in 1963 with the building of Lake Anne. Nicoson and Simon shared many interests in planned communities and taught a course together in New Community Planning at the New School in New York City.","Nicoson was very active in Reston community organizations and served on a number of boards and committees. He was one of the founders of the Reston Connection newspaper and he served as publisher and writer of a weekly column for five years. He also wrote a monthly column for the Reston Times. In 2002 he was given the \"Best of Reston\" award for his civic participation.","The William Nicoson Papers were originally attached to the larger Planned Community Archives collection currently in the Special Collections Research Center. In 2009 the documents were removed and organized into a separate collection still housed in the Special Collections Research Center at George Mason University Libraries. The old box and folder numbers are also included as part of the new arrangement.","Processed in May 2009 by Emily Martin. Series seven added in July 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the Planned Community Archives and other personal papers and organizational records that document Reston, Virginia, and other planned communities.","The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.","Series one is titled Correspondence. The series contains different correspondence to and from William Nicoson. The correspondence covers a variety of topics such as the Interstate Land Development Company, Low-Income Households in New Towns, Chapel Hill Study and William Nicoson's personal correspondence. The series is dated from 1965 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 1 through 3.","Series two is titled Reston. The series includes information about the development on Reston, including the Reston Town Center, Lake Anne Elementary School and newsclippings from newspaper in Reston and outside of the area. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 3 through 5.","Series three is titled Federal. The information in this series is from federal programs and agencies including Congress about the development of new towns. The material covers a variety of topics such as U.S. Government Memorandum on Tax Reform Act from 1969, U.S. Senate Report on New Towns and Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The series is dated from 1960 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 5 through 8.","Series four is titled International. The series covers a variety of international new towns from France, Sweden, the United Kingdom and others, mostly European nations. Most of the information is brochures, maps and statistics from the international new towns. The series is dated from 1957 to 1979 and is contained in boxes 8 through 12.","Series five is titled Newsclippings. The articles in this collection are mostly from newspapers about different new towns both nationally and internationally. Also in the series are articles written by different people involved in new town development. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 12 through 14.","Series six is titled General Information. The information in this series covers a variety of topics such as Richmond Metropolitan Authority, Town and Country Planning Association and New Communities Development Handbook. Also included are booklets, advertisements, slides and maps. The series is dated from 1954 to 1999 and is contained in boxes 14 through 20.","Series seven is titled Newspaper Columns. This series consists of paper and digital files containing original drafts and research materials for newspaper columns written by William Nicoson that were originally published in the Reston Connection during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The series contains materials dating from 1982 to 2007 and comprises box 21 through 25.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation","Nicoson, William, 1932-2013","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007"],"collection_ssim":["William Nicoson papers, 1954/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0164","/repositories/2/resources/96"],"unitid_tesim":["C0164","/repositories/2/resources/96"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History"],"places_ssim":["Reston (Va.)","Reston Town Center (Va.)","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Virginia, Northern -- History, Local","Reston (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"creator_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation"],"creators_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by William Nicoson in multiple parts, first in 1992, then October 6, 1994, August 26, 1998, January 12, 1999, and a donation of newspaper column material in 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Housing","New towns","Planned communities","New towns -- Sweden -- Stockholm","Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Planned communities -- Virginia -- Reston","Housing","New towns","Planned communities","New towns -- Sweden -- Stockholm","Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12 Linear Feet 25 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12 Linear Feet 25 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Newspapers","Slides"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelections from this collection are available online: https://mars.gmu.edu/collections/bf2c2caa-aee0-45ca-98ce-22879267b212\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selections from this collection are available online: https://mars.gmu.edu/collections/bf2c2caa-aee0-45ca-98ce-22879267b212"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into seven series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1965-1980 (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Reston, 1960-1985 (Boxes 3-5)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Federal, 1960-1980 (Boxes 5-8)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: International, 1957-1979 (Boxes 8-12)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Newsclippings, 1960-1985 (Boxes 12-14)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: General Information, 1954-1999 (Boxes 14-20)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Newspaper Columns, 1982-2007 (Boxes 21-25)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into seven series.","Series\n      Series 1: Correspondence, 1965-1980 (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Reston, 1960-1985 (Boxes 3-5)\n      Series 3: Federal, 1960-1980 (Boxes 5-8)\n      Series 4: International, 1957-1979 (Boxes 8-12)\n      Series 5: Newsclippings, 1960-1985 (Boxes 12-14)\n      Series 6: General Information, 1954-1999 (Boxes 14-20)\n      Series 7: Newspaper Columns, 1982-2007 (Boxes 21-25)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Jarvie Nicoson (1932-2013) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Marion Jarvie and William McGarvey Nicoson. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, Princeton University, and Harvard Law School. He spent his Junior Year of college at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he studied acting with the Director of the Comedie Francais.  At Princeton, he was a member of the Army ROTC.  He served as an officer in the U.S. Army in Germany for two years. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicoson's career began at the law firm of Sullivan \u0026amp; Cromwell. He worked in New York City and Paris practicing law before moving to Washington, D.C. in the 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1965 the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created as an executive cabinet-level agency. HUD's mission is to help promote affordable home ownership and community development. William Nicoson was the first Director of the New Community Assistance Program at HUD. The primary goal of this office was to help foster cooperation among all levels of government and private business, both non-profit and profit. He resigned from this position in 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen he moved to Washington, D.C., from New York City, he moved to the then-new community of Reston, Virginia. Robert E. Simon, Jr. was the founder of Reston. Simon purchased the land with the proceeds from the sale of Carnegie Hall in New York City in 1961. Construction began in 1963 with the building of Lake Anne. Nicoson and Simon shared many interests in planned communities and taught a course together in New Community Planning at the New School in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicoson was very active in Reston community organizations and served on a number of boards and committees. He was one of the founders of the Reston Connection newspaper and he served as publisher and writer of a weekly column for five years. He also wrote a monthly column for the Reston Times. In 2002 he was given the \"Best of Reston\" award for his civic participation. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Jarvie Nicoson (1932-2013) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Marion Jarvie and William McGarvey Nicoson. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, Princeton University, and Harvard Law School. He spent his Junior Year of college at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he studied acting with the Director of the Comedie Francais.  At Princeton, he was a member of the Army ROTC.  He served as an officer in the U.S. Army in Germany for two years.","Nicoson's career began at the law firm of Sullivan \u0026 Cromwell. He worked in New York City and Paris practicing law before moving to Washington, D.C. in the 1960s.","In 1965 the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was created as an executive cabinet-level agency. HUD's mission is to help promote affordable home ownership and community development. William Nicoson was the first Director of the New Community Assistance Program at HUD. The primary goal of this office was to help foster cooperation among all levels of government and private business, both non-profit and profit. He resigned from this position in 1972.","When he moved to Washington, D.C., from New York City, he moved to the then-new community of Reston, Virginia. Robert E. Simon, Jr. was the founder of Reston. Simon purchased the land with the proceeds from the sale of Carnegie Hall in New York City in 1961. Construction began in 1963 with the building of Lake Anne. Nicoson and Simon shared many interests in planned communities and taught a course together in New Community Planning at the New School in New York City.","Nicoson was very active in Reston community organizations and served on a number of boards and committees. He was one of the founders of the Reston Connection newspaper and he served as publisher and writer of a weekly column for five years. He also wrote a monthly column for the Reston Times. In 2002 he was given the \"Best of Reston\" award for his civic participation."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Nicoson papers, C0164, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William Nicoson papers, C0164, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Nicoson Papers were originally attached to the larger Planned Community Archives collection currently in the Special Collections Research Center. In 2009 the documents were removed and organized into a separate collection still housed in the Special Collections Research Center at George Mason University Libraries. The old box and folder numbers are also included as part of the new arrangement. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed in May 2009 by Emily Martin. Series seven added in July 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The William Nicoson Papers were originally attached to the larger Planned Community Archives collection currently in the Special Collections Research Center. In 2009 the documents were removed and organized into a separate collection still housed in the Special Collections Research Center at George Mason University Libraries. The old box and folder numbers are also included as part of the new arrangement.","Processed in May 2009 by Emily Martin. Series seven added in July 2013 by Greta Kuriger Suiter."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the Planned Community Archives and other personal papers and organizational records that document Reston, Virginia, and other planned communities.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the Planned Community Archives and other personal papers and organizational records that document Reston, Virginia, and other planned communities."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries one is titled Correspondence. The series contains different correspondence to and from William Nicoson. The correspondence covers a variety of topics such as the Interstate Land Development Company, Low-Income Households in New Towns, Chapel Hill Study and William Nicoson's personal correspondence. The series is dated from 1965 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 1 through 3. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries two is titled Reston. The series includes information about the development on Reston, including the Reston Town Center, Lake Anne Elementary School and newsclippings from newspaper in Reston and outside of the area. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 3 through 5. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries three is titled Federal. The information in this series is from federal programs and agencies including Congress about the development of new towns. The material covers a variety of topics such as U.S. Government Memorandum on Tax Reform Act from 1969, U.S. Senate Report on New Towns and Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The series is dated from 1960 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 5 through 8. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries four is titled International. The series covers a variety of international new towns from France, Sweden, the United Kingdom and others, mostly European nations. Most of the information is brochures, maps and statistics from the international new towns. The series is dated from 1957 to 1979 and is contained in boxes 8 through 12. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries five is titled Newsclippings. The articles in this collection are mostly from newspapers about different new towns both nationally and internationally. Also in the series are articles written by different people involved in new town development. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 12 through 14. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries six is titled General Information. The information in this series covers a variety of topics such as Richmond Metropolitan Authority, Town and Country Planning Association and New Communities Development Handbook. Also included are booklets, advertisements, slides and maps. The series is dated from 1954 to 1999 and is contained in boxes 14 through 20. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries seven is titled Newspaper Columns. This series consists of paper and digital files containing original drafts and research materials for newspaper columns written by William Nicoson that were originally published in the Reston Connection during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The series contains materials dating from 1982 to 2007 and comprises box 21 through 25.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.","Series one is titled Correspondence. The series contains different correspondence to and from William Nicoson. The correspondence covers a variety of topics such as the Interstate Land Development Company, Low-Income Households in New Towns, Chapel Hill Study and William Nicoson's personal correspondence. The series is dated from 1965 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 1 through 3.","Series two is titled Reston. The series includes information about the development on Reston, including the Reston Town Center, Lake Anne Elementary School and newsclippings from newspaper in Reston and outside of the area. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 3 through 5.","Series three is titled Federal. The information in this series is from federal programs and agencies including Congress about the development of new towns. The material covers a variety of topics such as U.S. Government Memorandum on Tax Reform Act from 1969, U.S. Senate Report on New Towns and Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The series is dated from 1960 to 1980 and is contained in boxes 5 through 8.","Series four is titled International. The series covers a variety of international new towns from France, Sweden, the United Kingdom and others, mostly European nations. Most of the information is brochures, maps and statistics from the international new towns. The series is dated from 1957 to 1979 and is contained in boxes 8 through 12.","Series five is titled Newsclippings. The articles in this collection are mostly from newspapers about different new towns both nationally and internationally. Also in the series are articles written by different people involved in new town development. The series is dated from 1960 to 1985 and is contained in boxes 12 through 14.","Series six is titled General Information. The information in this series covers a variety of topics such as Richmond Metropolitan Authority, Town and Country Planning Association and New Communities Development Handbook. Also included are booklets, advertisements, slides and maps. The series is dated from 1954 to 1999 and is contained in boxes 14 through 20.","Series seven is titled Newspaper Columns. This series consists of paper and digital files containing original drafts and research materials for newspaper columns written by William Nicoson that were originally published in the Reston Connection during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The series contains materials dating from 1982 to 2007 and comprises box 21 through 25."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_17ba1f26197c714355fa4729e94db370\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The William Nicoson papers contain material on Reston redevelopment, mostly promotional. The collection includes maps, charts, publications, slides, and newsclippings. The collection also includes information on federal housing agencies and documentation on new towns in the United States, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation","Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"persname_ssim":["Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development","United States. Office of New Community Development Corporation","Nicoson, William, 1932-2013"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":820,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:23.237Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_96"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":147},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":29},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","value":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","value":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","value":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","hits":12},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","value":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","hits":16},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Washington+and+Lee+University%2C+Leyburn+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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