{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026page=28","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026page=27","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026page=29","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026page=43"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":28,"next_page":29,"prev_page":27,"total_pages":43,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":270,"total_count":430,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1044","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Miles C. Selden Papers, 1839/1880","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1044#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Selden, Miles C.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1044#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDated 1839-1880. Letters, 1859-1880, to Miles C. Selden of Henrico County, Va., from Hill Carter at Charles City County, Va. and from Andrew Johnston of Richmond, Va. Also includes accounts, invoices, and receipts, 1839-1863, of Selden as trustee for Beverly and Ann S. 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Selden Papers, 1839/1880","Mss. 39.2 Se4","/repositories/2/resources/1044","Charles City County (Va.)--History","Henrico County (Va.)","Virginia--History","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","Richmond (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Dated 1839-1880. Letters, 1859-1880, to Miles C. Selden of Henrico County, Va., from Hill Carter at Charles City County, Va. and from Andrew Johnston of Richmond, Va. Also includes accounts, invoices, and receipts, 1839-1863, of Selden as trustee for Beverly and Ann S. Heth.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Selden, Miles C.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Miles C. Selden Papers, 1839/1880"],"collection_ssim":["Miles C. 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Selden Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDated 1839-1880. Letters, 1859-1880, to Miles C. Selden of Henrico County, Va., from Hill Carter at Charles City County, Va. and from Andrew Johnston of Richmond, Va. Also includes accounts, invoices, and receipts, 1839-1863, of Selden as trustee for Beverly and Ann S. Heth.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Dated 1839-1880. Letters, 1859-1880, to Miles C. Selden of Henrico County, Va., from Hill Carter at Charles City County, Va. and from Andrew Johnston of Richmond, Va. Also includes accounts, invoices, and receipts, 1839-1863, of Selden as trustee for Beverly and Ann S. Heth."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Selden, Miles C."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Selden, Miles C."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:47:46.560Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1044","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1044","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1044","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1044","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1044.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Selden, Miles C. papers","title_ssm":["Miles C. 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Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Dated 1839-1880. Letters, 1859-1880, to Miles C. Selden of Henrico County, Va., from Hill Carter at Charles City County, Va. and from Andrew Johnston of Richmond, Va. Also includes accounts, invoices, and receipts, 1839-1863, of Selden as trustee for Beverly and Ann S. Heth.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Selden, Miles C.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Miles C. 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Selden Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDated 1839-1880. Letters, 1859-1880, to Miles C. Selden of Henrico County, Va., from Hill Carter at Charles City County, Va. and from Andrew Johnston of Richmond, Va. Also includes accounts, invoices, and receipts, 1839-1863, of Selden as trustee for Beverly and Ann S. Heth.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Dated 1839-1880. Letters, 1859-1880, to Miles C. Selden of Henrico County, Va., from Hill Carter at Charles City County, Va. and from Andrew Johnston of Richmond, Va. Also includes accounts, invoices, and receipts, 1839-1863, of Selden as trustee for Beverly and Ann S. Heth."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Selden, Miles C."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Selden, Miles C."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:47:46.560Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1044"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9251#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9251#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe personal papers of Mills E. Godwin, Jr., dating from 1947 to 1978, consist of 24 boxes of correspondence, 1,100 copies of speeches, schedules and appointments. Also included are 40 scrapbooks of news clippings and photographs, 159 citations and plaques, and one box of audiovisual materials, all of which pertain largely to Godwin's personal involvement in the government, political life, activities, organizations and institutions of Virginia during the 30-year period. The majority of the items comprising this collection were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9251#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9251.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Godwin, Mills E., Papers","title_ssm":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1712-1989","1947-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1712-1989"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1947-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"text":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989","Mss. 78 G54","/repositories/2/resources/9251","Virginia--Governors","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Legal documents","Segregation in education--Virginia","United States--Politics and Government","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: The collection is organized twelve series. Series 1 is correspondence of Mills E. Godwin, Jr.; Series 2 is correspondence of Katherine B. Godwin; Series 3 is correspondence of Becky Godwin; Series 4 is schedules; Series 5 is speeches; Series 6 is citations and plaques; Series 7 is audiovisual; Series 8 is scrapbooks; and Series 9 is Political Memorabilia and Selected Material. The last four series, 10-13, are additions to the collection and are group into series by their accession number. Series 10 is accession 1985.15; Series 11 is accession 1989.29; Series 12 is accession 1994.66 and Series 13 is Accession 1994.25. Arrangement: Series 1-10 are generally arranged chronologically. The Additions to the collection located in Series 11, 12 and 13, are also each arranged by date.","Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr., was born November 19, 1914, at Chuckatuck in Nansemond County, now the City of Suffolk, Virginia. He completed public school and attended the college of William and Mary. He obtained his degree in law from the University of Virginia in 1938.","He first entered politics in 1948 when he began service in the House of Delegates. From 1952 to 1962 he served in the State Senate of Virginia. He was lieutenant-governor of Virginia from 1962 to 1966. His first election as governor in November 1965, came after he had received the Democratic nomination without opposition. He was elected governor a second time in November 1973 as Republican. On January 30, 1999, Mills E. Godwin Jr. died in Newport News, Virginia at the age of 84. He is buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, VA.","Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00042.frame","Related papers can be found in the faculty-alumni file at the University Archive, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Other related papers can be found at the Library of Virginia.","Audiocassettes, phonograph records, and reel-to-reel tapes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.","Note: The College of William and Mary, Swem Library, Special Collections has a copy of the inventory/finding aid to this collection at the Library of Virginia. It is located with the Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers. Executive Papers of Mills E. Godwin Jr., Library of Virginia, 800 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va. 23219 USA.","The personal papers of Mills E. Godwin, Jr., dating from 1947 to 1978, consist of 24 boxes of correspondence, 1,100 copies of speeches, schedules and appointments. Also included are 40 scrapbooks of news clippings and photographs, 159 citations and plaques, and one box of audiovisual materials, all of which pertain largely to Godwin's personal involvement in the government, political life, activities, organizations and institutions of Virginia during the 30-year period. The majority of the items comprising this collection were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library.","It should be noted that all of the above referenced papers are identified as \"personal\u0026quot; since the official executive correspondence of Godwin's two terms as governor of Virginia (1966-1970 and 1974-1978) has been placed by statute in the Archives Branch of the Virginia State Library. In connection with the personal papers, however, and available to researchers, are copies of the guide to the executive correspondence. The guide is on file with the Curator of Manuscripts at the Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","In addition to Godwin's personal papers, the collection includes a small quantity of Mrs. Godwin's correspondence and papers of their daughter, Becky, who was fatally struck by lightning in 1968, at the age of 15, at Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Included among these papers is correspondence of, or concerning, the following individuals: Watkins M. Abbitt, Harry Flood Byrd, Sr., Harry Flood Byrd, Jr., John N. Dalton, Henry E. Howell, Carter O. Lowance, Richard D. Obenshain, Julian Sargeant Reynolds, A. Willis Robertson, Howard W. Smith, William B. Spong, Thomas B. Stanley, A. E. S. Stephens, and William M. Tuck.","Among the many topics the papers cover are: the College of William and Mary, segregation, the Democratic Party, the Republican Party, higher education, taxation, the contamination of the James River by kepone, the oystering industry and public mental health care.","Addition Acc. 1979.14 includes pamphlet, \"Notes on the Mills Godwin Family of Isle of Wight County and Nansemond County, Virginia\u0026quot; prepared by Mills E. Godwin, Jr., 1979, a Daily Press article written at death of Mills Godwin, a typed copy of a paper entitled, \"Biography of Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr.\" (author unknown) and a typed carbon copy of a speech by Mills E. Godwin to the Virginia Manufacturers Association in Williamsburg, Virginia on September 26, 1970.","Addition Acc. No. 1980.13 contains two small boxes of photographs, mostly official appearances of Governor Godwin.","Addition Acc. No. 1994.25 contains copies of eleven nineteenth century copies of eighteenth century Godwin family wills.","Two campaign buttons (78G54.01ab) were transferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03).","All audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate","Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"collection_ssim":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 78 G54","/repositories/2/resources/9251"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 78 G54","/repositories/2/resources/9251"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Governors"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Governors"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Governors"],"creator_ssm":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"creators_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift: 27 cubic feet 12/15/1978. Gift: ca. 40,000 items, 10/1/1978. Gift: 1 item, 06/01/1979. Gift: 3 cartons, 1985. Gift: 4 cartons, 1989. Gift:  1 box, 9/12/1991 Purchase: 11 items, 04/01/1994. Gift: ca. 2,070 items, 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Legal documents","Segregation in education--Virginia","United States--Politics and Government","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Legal documents","Segregation in education--Virginia","United States--Politics and Government","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["53.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["53.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches"],"date_range_isim":[1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: The collection is organized twelve series. Series 1 is correspondence of Mills E. Godwin, Jr.; Series 2 is correspondence of Katherine B. Godwin; Series 3 is correspondence of Becky Godwin; Series 4 is schedules; Series 5 is speeches; Series 6 is citations and plaques; Series 7 is audiovisual; Series 8 is scrapbooks; and Series 9 is Political Memorabilia and Selected Material. The last four series, 10-13, are additions to the collection and are group into series by their accession number. Series 10 is accession 1985.15; Series 11 is accession 1989.29; Series 12 is accession 1994.66 and Series 13 is Accession 1994.25. Arrangement: Series 1-10 are generally arranged chronologically. The Additions to the collection located in Series 11, 12 and 13, are also each arranged by date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: The collection is organized twelve series. Series 1 is correspondence of Mills E. Godwin, Jr.; Series 2 is correspondence of Katherine B. Godwin; Series 3 is correspondence of Becky Godwin; Series 4 is schedules; Series 5 is speeches; Series 6 is citations and plaques; Series 7 is audiovisual; Series 8 is scrapbooks; and Series 9 is Political Memorabilia and Selected Material. The last four series, 10-13, are additions to the collection and are group into series by their accession number. Series 10 is accession 1985.15; Series 11 is accession 1989.29; Series 12 is accession 1994.66 and Series 13 is Accession 1994.25. Arrangement: Series 1-10 are generally arranged chronologically. The Additions to the collection located in Series 11, 12 and 13, are also each arranged by date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMills Edwin Godwin, Jr., was born November 19, 1914, at Chuckatuck in Nansemond County, now the City of Suffolk, Virginia. He completed public school and attended the college of William and Mary. He obtained his degree in law from the University of Virginia in 1938.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e He first entered politics in 1948 when he began service in the House of Delegates. From 1952 to 1962 he served in the State Senate of Virginia. He was lieutenant-governor of Virginia from 1962 to 1966. His first election as governor in November 1965, came after he had received the Democratic nomination without opposition. He was elected governor a second time in November 1973 as Republican. On January 30, 1999, Mills E. Godwin Jr. died in Newport News, Virginia at the age of 84. He is buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr., was born November 19, 1914, at Chuckatuck in Nansemond County, now the City of Suffolk, Virginia. He completed public school and attended the college of William and Mary. He obtained his degree in law from the University of Virginia in 1938.","He first entered politics in 1948 when he began service in the House of Delegates. From 1952 to 1962 he served in the State Senate of Virginia. He was lieutenant-governor of Virginia from 1962 to 1966. His first election as governor in November 1965, came after he had received the Democratic nomination without opposition. He was elected governor a second time in November 1973 as Republican. On January 30, 1999, Mills E. Godwin Jr. died in Newport News, Virginia at the age of 84. He is buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, VA."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00042.frame\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00042.frame"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMills E. Godwin Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated papers can be found in the faculty-alumni file at the University Archive, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Other related papers can be found at the Library of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Audiocassettes, phonograph records, and reel-to-reel tapes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Note: The College of William and Mary, Swem Library, Special Collections has a copy of the inventory/finding aid to this collection at the Library of Virginia. It is located with the Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers. Executive Papers of Mills E. Godwin Jr., Library of Virginia, 800 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va. 23219 USA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related papers can be found in the faculty-alumni file at the University Archive, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Other related papers can be found at the Library of Virginia.","Audiocassettes, phonograph records, and reel-to-reel tapes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.","Note: The College of William and Mary, Swem Library, Special Collections has a copy of the inventory/finding aid to this collection at the Library of Virginia. It is located with the Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers. Executive Papers of Mills E. Godwin Jr., Library of Virginia, 800 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va. 23219 USA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe personal papers of Mills E. Godwin, Jr., dating from 1947 to 1978, consist of 24 boxes of correspondence, 1,100 copies of speeches, schedules and appointments. Also included are 40 scrapbooks of news clippings and photographs, 159 citations and plaques, and one box of audiovisual materials, all of which pertain largely to Godwin's personal involvement in the government, political life, activities, organizations and institutions of Virginia during the 30-year period. The majority of the items comprising this collection were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e It should be noted that all of the above referenced papers are identified as \"personal\u0026amp;quot; since the official executive correspondence of Godwin's two terms as governor of Virginia (1966-1970 and 1974-1978) has been placed by statute in the Archives Branch of the Virginia State Library. In connection with the personal papers, however, and available to researchers, are copies of the guide to the executive correspondence. The guide is on file with the Curator of Manuscripts at the Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In addition to Godwin's personal papers, the collection includes a small quantity of Mrs. Godwin's correspondence and papers of their daughter, Becky, who was fatally struck by lightning in 1968, at the age of 15, at Virginia Beach, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Included among these papers is correspondence of, or concerning, the following individuals: Watkins M. Abbitt, Harry Flood Byrd, Sr., Harry Flood Byrd, Jr., John N. Dalton, Henry E. Howell, Carter O. Lowance, Richard D. Obenshain, Julian Sargeant Reynolds, A. Willis Robertson, Howard W. Smith, William B. Spong, Thomas B. Stanley, A. E. S. Stephens, and William M. Tuck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Among the many topics the papers cover are: the College of William and Mary, segregation, the Democratic Party, the Republican Party, higher education, taxation, the contamination of the James River by kepone, the oystering industry and public mental health care.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Addition Acc. 1979.14 includes pamphlet, \"Notes on the Mills Godwin Family of Isle of Wight County and Nansemond County, Virginia\u0026amp;quot; prepared by Mills E. Godwin, Jr., 1979, a Daily Press article written at death of Mills Godwin, a typed copy of a paper entitled, \"Biography of Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr.\" (author unknown) and a typed carbon copy of a speech by Mills E. Godwin to the Virginia Manufacturers Association in Williamsburg, Virginia on September 26, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Addition Acc. No. 1980.13 contains two small boxes of photographs, mostly official appearances of Governor Godwin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Addition Acc. No. 1994.25 contains copies of eleven nineteenth century copies of eighteenth century Godwin family wills.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The personal papers of Mills E. Godwin, Jr., dating from 1947 to 1978, consist of 24 boxes of correspondence, 1,100 copies of speeches, schedules and appointments. Also included are 40 scrapbooks of news clippings and photographs, 159 citations and plaques, and one box of audiovisual materials, all of which pertain largely to Godwin's personal involvement in the government, political life, activities, organizations and institutions of Virginia during the 30-year period. The majority of the items comprising this collection were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library.","It should be noted that all of the above referenced papers are identified as \"personal\u0026quot; since the official executive correspondence of Godwin's two terms as governor of Virginia (1966-1970 and 1974-1978) has been placed by statute in the Archives Branch of the Virginia State Library. In connection with the personal papers, however, and available to researchers, are copies of the guide to the executive correspondence. The guide is on file with the Curator of Manuscripts at the Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","In addition to Godwin's personal papers, the collection includes a small quantity of Mrs. Godwin's correspondence and papers of their daughter, Becky, who was fatally struck by lightning in 1968, at the age of 15, at Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Included among these papers is correspondence of, or concerning, the following individuals: Watkins M. Abbitt, Harry Flood Byrd, Sr., Harry Flood Byrd, Jr., John N. Dalton, Henry E. Howell, Carter O. Lowance, Richard D. Obenshain, Julian Sargeant Reynolds, A. Willis Robertson, Howard W. Smith, William B. Spong, Thomas B. Stanley, A. E. S. Stephens, and William M. Tuck.","Among the many topics the papers cover are: the College of William and Mary, segregation, the Democratic Party, the Republican Party, higher education, taxation, the contamination of the James River by kepone, the oystering industry and public mental health care.","Addition Acc. 1979.14 includes pamphlet, \"Notes on the Mills Godwin Family of Isle of Wight County and Nansemond County, Virginia\u0026quot; prepared by Mills E. Godwin, Jr., 1979, a Daily Press article written at death of Mills Godwin, a typed copy of a paper entitled, \"Biography of Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr.\" (author unknown) and a typed carbon copy of a speech by Mills E. Godwin to the Virginia Manufacturers Association in Williamsburg, Virginia on September 26, 1970.","Addition Acc. No. 1980.13 contains two small boxes of photographs, mostly official appearances of Governor Godwin.","Addition Acc. No. 1994.25 contains copies of eleven nineteenth century copies of eighteenth century Godwin family wills."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo campaign buttons (78G54.01ab) were transferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e All audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two campaign buttons (78G54.01ab) were transferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03).","All audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate","Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1863,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:29.947Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9251","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9251.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Godwin, Mills E., Papers","title_ssm":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1712-1989","1947-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1712-1989"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1947-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"text":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989","Mss. 78 G54","/repositories/2/resources/9251","Virginia--Governors","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Legal documents","Segregation in education--Virginia","United States--Politics and Government","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: The collection is organized twelve series. Series 1 is correspondence of Mills E. Godwin, Jr.; Series 2 is correspondence of Katherine B. Godwin; Series 3 is correspondence of Becky Godwin; Series 4 is schedules; Series 5 is speeches; Series 6 is citations and plaques; Series 7 is audiovisual; Series 8 is scrapbooks; and Series 9 is Political Memorabilia and Selected Material. The last four series, 10-13, are additions to the collection and are group into series by their accession number. Series 10 is accession 1985.15; Series 11 is accession 1989.29; Series 12 is accession 1994.66 and Series 13 is Accession 1994.25. Arrangement: Series 1-10 are generally arranged chronologically. The Additions to the collection located in Series 11, 12 and 13, are also each arranged by date.","Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr., was born November 19, 1914, at Chuckatuck in Nansemond County, now the City of Suffolk, Virginia. He completed public school and attended the college of William and Mary. He obtained his degree in law from the University of Virginia in 1938.","He first entered politics in 1948 when he began service in the House of Delegates. From 1952 to 1962 he served in the State Senate of Virginia. He was lieutenant-governor of Virginia from 1962 to 1966. His first election as governor in November 1965, came after he had received the Democratic nomination without opposition. He was elected governor a second time in November 1973 as Republican. On January 30, 1999, Mills E. Godwin Jr. died in Newport News, Virginia at the age of 84. He is buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, VA.","Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00042.frame","Related papers can be found in the faculty-alumni file at the University Archive, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Other related papers can be found at the Library of Virginia.","Audiocassettes, phonograph records, and reel-to-reel tapes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.","Note: The College of William and Mary, Swem Library, Special Collections has a copy of the inventory/finding aid to this collection at the Library of Virginia. It is located with the Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers. Executive Papers of Mills E. Godwin Jr., Library of Virginia, 800 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va. 23219 USA.","The personal papers of Mills E. Godwin, Jr., dating from 1947 to 1978, consist of 24 boxes of correspondence, 1,100 copies of speeches, schedules and appointments. Also included are 40 scrapbooks of news clippings and photographs, 159 citations and plaques, and one box of audiovisual materials, all of which pertain largely to Godwin's personal involvement in the government, political life, activities, organizations and institutions of Virginia during the 30-year period. The majority of the items comprising this collection were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library.","It should be noted that all of the above referenced papers are identified as \"personal\u0026quot; since the official executive correspondence of Godwin's two terms as governor of Virginia (1966-1970 and 1974-1978) has been placed by statute in the Archives Branch of the Virginia State Library. In connection with the personal papers, however, and available to researchers, are copies of the guide to the executive correspondence. The guide is on file with the Curator of Manuscripts at the Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","In addition to Godwin's personal papers, the collection includes a small quantity of Mrs. Godwin's correspondence and papers of their daughter, Becky, who was fatally struck by lightning in 1968, at the age of 15, at Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Included among these papers is correspondence of, or concerning, the following individuals: Watkins M. Abbitt, Harry Flood Byrd, Sr., Harry Flood Byrd, Jr., John N. Dalton, Henry E. Howell, Carter O. Lowance, Richard D. Obenshain, Julian Sargeant Reynolds, A. Willis Robertson, Howard W. Smith, William B. Spong, Thomas B. Stanley, A. E. S. Stephens, and William M. Tuck.","Among the many topics the papers cover are: the College of William and Mary, segregation, the Democratic Party, the Republican Party, higher education, taxation, the contamination of the James River by kepone, the oystering industry and public mental health care.","Addition Acc. 1979.14 includes pamphlet, \"Notes on the Mills Godwin Family of Isle of Wight County and Nansemond County, Virginia\u0026quot; prepared by Mills E. Godwin, Jr., 1979, a Daily Press article written at death of Mills Godwin, a typed copy of a paper entitled, \"Biography of Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr.\" (author unknown) and a typed carbon copy of a speech by Mills E. Godwin to the Virginia Manufacturers Association in Williamsburg, Virginia on September 26, 1970.","Addition Acc. No. 1980.13 contains two small boxes of photographs, mostly official appearances of Governor Godwin.","Addition Acc. No. 1994.25 contains copies of eleven nineteenth century copies of eighteenth century Godwin family wills.","Two campaign buttons (78G54.01ab) were transferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03).","All audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate","Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"collection_ssim":["Mills E. Godwin, Jr. Papers, 1712/1989, bulk 1947/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 78 G54","/repositories/2/resources/9251"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 78 G54","/repositories/2/resources/9251"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Governors"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Governors"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Governors"],"creator_ssm":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"creators_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift: 27 cubic feet 12/15/1978. Gift: ca. 40,000 items, 10/1/1978. Gift: 1 item, 06/01/1979. Gift: 3 cartons, 1985. Gift: 4 cartons, 1989. Gift:  1 box, 9/12/1991 Purchase: 11 items, 04/01/1994. Gift: ca. 2,070 items, 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Legal documents","Segregation in education--Virginia","United States--Politics and Government","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Legal documents","Segregation in education--Virginia","United States--Politics and Government","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["53.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["53.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Scrapbooks","Speeches"],"date_range_isim":[1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: The collection is organized twelve series. Series 1 is correspondence of Mills E. Godwin, Jr.; Series 2 is correspondence of Katherine B. Godwin; Series 3 is correspondence of Becky Godwin; Series 4 is schedules; Series 5 is speeches; Series 6 is citations and plaques; Series 7 is audiovisual; Series 8 is scrapbooks; and Series 9 is Political Memorabilia and Selected Material. The last four series, 10-13, are additions to the collection and are group into series by their accession number. Series 10 is accession 1985.15; Series 11 is accession 1989.29; Series 12 is accession 1994.66 and Series 13 is Accession 1994.25. Arrangement: Series 1-10 are generally arranged chronologically. The Additions to the collection located in Series 11, 12 and 13, are also each arranged by date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: The collection is organized twelve series. Series 1 is correspondence of Mills E. Godwin, Jr.; Series 2 is correspondence of Katherine B. Godwin; Series 3 is correspondence of Becky Godwin; Series 4 is schedules; Series 5 is speeches; Series 6 is citations and plaques; Series 7 is audiovisual; Series 8 is scrapbooks; and Series 9 is Political Memorabilia and Selected Material. The last four series, 10-13, are additions to the collection and are group into series by their accession number. Series 10 is accession 1985.15; Series 11 is accession 1989.29; Series 12 is accession 1994.66 and Series 13 is Accession 1994.25. Arrangement: Series 1-10 are generally arranged chronologically. The Additions to the collection located in Series 11, 12 and 13, are also each arranged by date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMills Edwin Godwin, Jr., was born November 19, 1914, at Chuckatuck in Nansemond County, now the City of Suffolk, Virginia. He completed public school and attended the college of William and Mary. He obtained his degree in law from the University of Virginia in 1938.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e He first entered politics in 1948 when he began service in the House of Delegates. From 1952 to 1962 he served in the State Senate of Virginia. He was lieutenant-governor of Virginia from 1962 to 1966. His first election as governor in November 1965, came after he had received the Democratic nomination without opposition. He was elected governor a second time in November 1973 as Republican. On January 30, 1999, Mills E. Godwin Jr. died in Newport News, Virginia at the age of 84. He is buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr., was born November 19, 1914, at Chuckatuck in Nansemond County, now the City of Suffolk, Virginia. He completed public school and attended the college of William and Mary. He obtained his degree in law from the University of Virginia in 1938.","He first entered politics in 1948 when he began service in the House of Delegates. From 1952 to 1962 he served in the State Senate of Virginia. He was lieutenant-governor of Virginia from 1962 to 1966. His first election as governor in November 1965, came after he had received the Democratic nomination without opposition. He was elected governor a second time in November 1973 as Republican. On January 30, 1999, Mills E. Godwin Jr. died in Newport News, Virginia at the age of 84. He is buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, VA."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00042.frame\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00042.frame"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMills E. Godwin Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated papers can be found in the faculty-alumni file at the University Archive, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Other related papers can be found at the Library of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Audiocassettes, phonograph records, and reel-to-reel tapes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Note: The College of William and Mary, Swem Library, Special Collections has a copy of the inventory/finding aid to this collection at the Library of Virginia. It is located with the Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers. Executive Papers of Mills E. Godwin Jr., Library of Virginia, 800 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va. 23219 USA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related papers can be found in the faculty-alumni file at the University Archive, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Other related papers can be found at the Library of Virginia.","Audiocassettes, phonograph records, and reel-to-reel tapes from this collection have been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.","Note: The College of William and Mary, Swem Library, Special Collections has a copy of the inventory/finding aid to this collection at the Library of Virginia. It is located with the Mills E. Godwin Jr. Papers. Executive Papers of Mills E. Godwin Jr., Library of Virginia, 800 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va. 23219 USA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe personal papers of Mills E. Godwin, Jr., dating from 1947 to 1978, consist of 24 boxes of correspondence, 1,100 copies of speeches, schedules and appointments. Also included are 40 scrapbooks of news clippings and photographs, 159 citations and plaques, and one box of audiovisual materials, all of which pertain largely to Godwin's personal involvement in the government, political life, activities, organizations and institutions of Virginia during the 30-year period. The majority of the items comprising this collection were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e It should be noted that all of the above referenced papers are identified as \"personal\u0026amp;quot; since the official executive correspondence of Godwin's two terms as governor of Virginia (1966-1970 and 1974-1978) has been placed by statute in the Archives Branch of the Virginia State Library. In connection with the personal papers, however, and available to researchers, are copies of the guide to the executive correspondence. The guide is on file with the Curator of Manuscripts at the Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In addition to Godwin's personal papers, the collection includes a small quantity of Mrs. Godwin's correspondence and papers of their daughter, Becky, who was fatally struck by lightning in 1968, at the age of 15, at Virginia Beach, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Included among these papers is correspondence of, or concerning, the following individuals: Watkins M. Abbitt, Harry Flood Byrd, Sr., Harry Flood Byrd, Jr., John N. Dalton, Henry E. Howell, Carter O. Lowance, Richard D. Obenshain, Julian Sargeant Reynolds, A. Willis Robertson, Howard W. Smith, William B. Spong, Thomas B. Stanley, A. E. S. Stephens, and William M. Tuck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Among the many topics the papers cover are: the College of William and Mary, segregation, the Democratic Party, the Republican Party, higher education, taxation, the contamination of the James River by kepone, the oystering industry and public mental health care.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Addition Acc. 1979.14 includes pamphlet, \"Notes on the Mills Godwin Family of Isle of Wight County and Nansemond County, Virginia\u0026amp;quot; prepared by Mills E. Godwin, Jr., 1979, a Daily Press article written at death of Mills Godwin, a typed copy of a paper entitled, \"Biography of Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr.\" (author unknown) and a typed carbon copy of a speech by Mills E. Godwin to the Virginia Manufacturers Association in Williamsburg, Virginia on September 26, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Addition Acc. No. 1980.13 contains two small boxes of photographs, mostly official appearances of Governor Godwin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Addition Acc. No. 1994.25 contains copies of eleven nineteenth century copies of eighteenth century Godwin family wills.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The personal papers of Mills E. Godwin, Jr., dating from 1947 to 1978, consist of 24 boxes of correspondence, 1,100 copies of speeches, schedules and appointments. Also included are 40 scrapbooks of news clippings and photographs, 159 citations and plaques, and one box of audiovisual materials, all of which pertain largely to Godwin's personal involvement in the government, political life, activities, organizations and institutions of Virginia during the 30-year period. The majority of the items comprising this collection were microfilmed by the Virginia State Library.","It should be noted that all of the above referenced papers are identified as \"personal\u0026quot; since the official executive correspondence of Godwin's two terms as governor of Virginia (1966-1970 and 1974-1978) has been placed by statute in the Archives Branch of the Virginia State Library. In connection with the personal papers, however, and available to researchers, are copies of the guide to the executive correspondence. The guide is on file with the Curator of Manuscripts at the Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","In addition to Godwin's personal papers, the collection includes a small quantity of Mrs. Godwin's correspondence and papers of their daughter, Becky, who was fatally struck by lightning in 1968, at the age of 15, at Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Included among these papers is correspondence of, or concerning, the following individuals: Watkins M. Abbitt, Harry Flood Byrd, Sr., Harry Flood Byrd, Jr., John N. Dalton, Henry E. Howell, Carter O. Lowance, Richard D. Obenshain, Julian Sargeant Reynolds, A. Willis Robertson, Howard W. Smith, William B. Spong, Thomas B. Stanley, A. E. S. Stephens, and William M. Tuck.","Among the many topics the papers cover are: the College of William and Mary, segregation, the Democratic Party, the Republican Party, higher education, taxation, the contamination of the James River by kepone, the oystering industry and public mental health care.","Addition Acc. 1979.14 includes pamphlet, \"Notes on the Mills Godwin Family of Isle of Wight County and Nansemond County, Virginia\u0026quot; prepared by Mills E. Godwin, Jr., 1979, a Daily Press article written at death of Mills Godwin, a typed copy of a paper entitled, \"Biography of Mills Edwin Godwin, Jr.\" (author unknown) and a typed carbon copy of a speech by Mills E. Godwin to the Virginia Manufacturers Association in Williamsburg, Virginia on September 26, 1970.","Addition Acc. No. 1980.13 contains two small boxes of photographs, mostly official appearances of Governor Godwin.","Addition Acc. No. 1994.25 contains copies of eleven nineteenth century copies of eighteenth century Godwin family wills."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo campaign buttons (78G54.01ab) were transferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e All audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two campaign buttons (78G54.01ab) were transferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03).","All audiovisual material from this collection has been moved to the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Republican Party (U.S.)","University of Virginia","Virginia State Senate","Godwin, Edwin Mills, Jr., 1914-1999"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1863,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:29.947Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9251"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1300","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Molly Elliot Seawell Papers, 1859/2001, bulk 1889/1916","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1300#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Seawell, Molly Elliot, 1860-1916","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1300#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of American writer Molly Elliot Seawell include personal diaries, correspondence, memoirs, photographs, news clippings, and other materials. Also included are photocopies of Seawell's business papers housed at the New York Public Library and at the Columbia University Library. The collection also contains other records from the Seawell family, mostly relating to Molly's aunt Maria Seawell Edwards, John T. Seawell and wife Isabella Josephine Brady, and Philip Hairston Seawell. The collection comprises four series: Diaries, 1900-1914; Personal Records, 1901-1916; Professional Records, 1889-1915; and Seawell Family Records, 1859-2001.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1300#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1300","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1300","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1300","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1300","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1300.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Seawell, Molly Elliot papers","title_ssm":["Molly Elliot Seawell Papers"],"title_tesim":["Molly Elliot Seawell Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1859-2001","1889-1916"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1859-2001"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1889-1916"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1859/2001, bulk 1889/1916"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Molly Elliot Seawell Papers, 1859/2001, bulk 1889/1916"],"text":["Molly Elliot Seawell Papers, 1859/2001, bulk 1889/1916","Mss. Acc. 1995.36","/repositories/2/resources/1300","American diaries--Women authors","Authors, American--20th century","Authors, American--Women","Gloucester County (Va.)--History--19th century","Gloucester County (Va.)--Social life and customs","United States--American Authors","United States--Women--History","Women--History--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Business records","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Photographs","Portraits","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Formerly arranged by accession. Combined with Mss. Msv D37-38 (Personal Diaries) and reorganized by series (see Scope  note for details about the series' content). Folders within series chieflty organized by type of materials and creators, following broad chronological order. Items within folders organized chronologically, but Molly Elliot Seawell's handwriting being often ambiguous, some dates are unclear.","\"Molly Elliot Seawell (October 23, 1860 Gloucester, Virginia - November 15, 1916 Washington, D. C.) was an American writer. Baptized as \"Mary,\" Molly Elliot Seawell was born into one of the older families of English language-speaking North America and one of the first families of Virginia.\" (From wikipedia (7/6/2007)","Processed by Ellen Strong in 1995.","The papers of American writer Molly Elliot Seawell include personal diaries, correspondence, memoirs, photographs, news clippings, and other materials. Also included are photocopies of Seawell's business papers housed at the New York Public Library and at the Columbia University Library. The collection also contains other records from the Seawell family, mostly relating to Molly's aunt Maria Seawell Edwards, John T. Seawell and wife Isabella Josephine Brady, and Philip Hairston Seawell. The collection comprises four series: Diaries, 1900-1914; Personal Records, 1901-1916; Professional Records, 1889-1915; and Seawell Family Records, 1859-2001.","-- 1 silver spoon engraved with Molly Elliot Seawell's name and an image of her home \"The Shelter\" in Gloucester, Va., is housed in the Artifacts Collection.","-- 22 books written by Molly Elliot Seawell and 2 books written by Elizabeth Gordon Biddle Gordon are housed in the Rare Books Collection. They were bequeathed by P. Hairston Seawell and can be located using the Swem Library catalog.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Seawell, Molly Elliot, 1860-1916","Edwards, Maria Seawell, b. 1815?","Gordon, Elizabeth Gordon Biddle","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Molly Elliot Seawell Papers, 1859/2001, bulk 1889/1916"],"collection_ssim":["Molly Elliot Seawell Papers, 1859/2001, bulk 1889/1916"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 1995.36","/repositories/2/resources/1300"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 1995.36","/repositories/2/resources/1300"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Seawell, Molly Elliot, 1860-1916","Edwards, Maria Seawell, b. 1815?"],"creator_ssim":["Seawell, Molly Elliot, 1860-1916","Edwards, Maria Seawell, b. 1815?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Seawell, Molly Elliot, 1860-1916","Edwards, Maria Seawell, b. 1815?","Gordon, Elizabeth Gordon Biddle"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Seawell, Molly Elliot, 1860-1916","Edwards, Maria Seawell, b. 1815?","Gordon, Elizabeth Gordon Biddle","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchases. Mss. Acc. 1995.36 received on 7/20/1995; Mss. Acc. 2000.45 (formerly 2000 Se9); Mss. Acc. 2000.53a received on October 13, 2000; Mss. Acc. 2001.24B received on May 11, 2001. Mss. Acc. 2010.398 is a gift of Philip Hairston Seawell, per Gene L. Hardin, 7303-B River Rd., Newport News, VA 23607."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American diaries--Women authors","Authors, American--20th century","Authors, American--Women","Gloucester County (Va.)--History--19th century","Gloucester County (Va.)--Social life and customs","United States--American Authors","United States--Women--History","Women--History--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Business records","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Photographs","Portraits"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American diaries--Women authors","Authors, American--20th century","Authors, American--Women","Gloucester County (Va.)--History--19th century","Gloucester County (Va.)--Social life and customs","United States--American Authors","United States--Women--History","Women--History--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Business records","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Photographs","Portraits"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.80 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.80 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Photographs","Portraits"],"date_range_isim":[1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormerly arranged by accession. Combined with Mss. Msv D37-38 (Personal Diaries) and reorganized by series (see Scope  note for details about the series' content). 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Moncure."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. 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Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8747#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8747.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Moncure Papers","title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1787-1889"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1787-1889"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1787/1889"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"text":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889","01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747","Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","3302 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.","Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.","See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"collection_ssim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Robinson family"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials in this collection were donated to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center numerous batches between the period of 1928 and 1977 by Miss Agnes Conway Robinson, Moncure Biddle (as a gift of the Moncure Robinson descendants), Wirt R. Robinson, and from University of Virginia Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["3302 items"],"extent_ssm":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Moncure_Robinson\" title=\"Moncure Robinson\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"famname_ssim":["Robinson family"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":699,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:53.460Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8747.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Moncure Papers","title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1787-1889"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1787-1889"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1787/1889"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"text":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889","01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747","Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","3302 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.","Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.","See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"collection_ssim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Robinson family"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials in this collection were donated to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center numerous batches between the period of 1928 and 1977 by Miss Agnes Conway Robinson, Moncure Biddle (as a gift of the Moncure Robinson descendants), Wirt R. Robinson, and from University of Virginia Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["3302 items"],"extent_ssm":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Moncure_Robinson\" title=\"Moncure Robinson\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"famname_ssim":["Robinson family"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":699,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:53.460Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8747"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9546","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mongle-Hughes Papers, 1832/1916","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9546#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hughes family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9546#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1857-1895, of members of the Mongle and Hughes families of Holston, Washington County, Va. and Evergreen, Tenn. Among the correspondents are J.J. Hughes, his sons William A. Hughes and Oliver F. Hughes and his daughter Sarah A. Hughes Mongle; and Samuel A. Mongle and James Mongle of Abingdon, Va. Includes papers, 1874-1884, concerning the registration of voters in Washington County, Va.; and accounts, 1832-1916, of Hughes Co., Mongle Hughes and J.B. Mongle Sons, merchants of Abingdon, Va. Also contains correspondence and papers concerning the Civil War; including an order, 10 Aug. 1861, requesting that J. B. Mongle and others patrol the 'Negro' quarters to prevent 'unlawful assembling of slaves.' (Fd 9) Also includes seventeen memorandum books.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9546#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9546","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9546","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9546","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9546","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9546.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Mongle-Hughes Papers","title_ssm":["Mongle-Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Mongle-Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1832-1916"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1832-1916"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1832/1916"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mongle-Hughes Papers, 1832/1916"],"text":["Mongle-Hughes Papers, 1832/1916","Mss. 39.1 M74","/repositories/2/resources/9546","Washington County (Va.)--History--19th century","Evergreen (Tenn.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Merchants--Virginia--Abingdon","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Voter registration--Virginia","Voting--Virginia--Washington County","Account books","Correspondence","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Mongle family.","Correspondence, 1857-1895, of members of the Mongle and Hughes families of Holston, Washington County, Va. and Evergreen, Tenn. Among the correspondents are J.J. Hughes, his sons William A. Hughes and Oliver F. Hughes and his daughter Sarah A. Hughes Mongle; and Samuel A. Mongle and James Mongle of Abingdon, Va. Includes papers, 1874-1884, concerning the registration of voters in Washington County, Va.; and accounts, 1832-1916, of Hughes  Co., Mongle  Hughes and J.B. Mongle  Sons, merchants of Abingdon, Va.  Also contains correspondence and papers concerning the Civil War; including an order, 10 Aug. 1861, requesting that J. B. Mongle and others patrol the 'Negro' quarters to prevent 'unlawful assembling of slaves.' (Fd 9) Also includes seventeen memorandum books.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Hughes family","Mongle family","Hughes, J. 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Mongle  Sons, merchants of Abingdon, Va.  Also contains correspondence and papers concerning the Civil War; including an order, 10 Aug. 1861, requesting that J. B. Mongle and others patrol the 'Negro' quarters to prevent 'unlawful assembling of slaves.' (Fd 9) Also includes seventeen memorandum books.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, 1857-1895, of members of the Mongle and Hughes families of Holston, Washington County, Va. and Evergreen, Tenn. Among the correspondents are J.J. Hughes, his sons William A. Hughes and Oliver F. Hughes and his daughter Sarah A. Hughes Mongle; and Samuel A. Mongle and James Mongle of Abingdon, Va. Includes papers, 1874-1884, concerning the registration of voters in Washington County, Va.; and accounts, 1832-1916, of Hughes  Co., Mongle  Hughes and J.B. 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(Fd 9) Also includes seventeen memorandum books."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["Hughes family","Mongle family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Mongle family"],"persname_ssim":["Hughes, J. J.","Mongle, James.","Mongle, Samuel A.","Mongle, Sarah Annis Hughes."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Hughes family","Mongle family","Hughes, J. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Mongle family.","Correspondence, 1857-1895, of members of the Mongle and Hughes families of Holston, Washington County, Va. and Evergreen, Tenn. Among the correspondents are J.J. Hughes, his sons William A. Hughes and Oliver F. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. 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Monroe attended the College of William and Mary from 1774 through 1776."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMonroe Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Monroe Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolder list updated by Patricia Sanabria, SCRC staff, in September of 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Folder list updated by Patricia Sanabria, SCRC staff, in September of 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated collections are; James Monroe Papers (Mss. 39.1 M75), the Jay Johns Collection of James Monroe Papers (Mss. 68 M75), the Monroe Papers, Ashlawn (Mss. Acc. 2003.09), and the James Monroe (1799-1870) Family Papers (Mss. 83 M75), all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related collections are; James Monroe Papers (Mss. 39.1 M75), the Jay Johns Collection of James Monroe Papers (Mss. 68 M75), the Monroe Papers, Ashlawn (Mss. Acc. 2003.09), and the James Monroe (1799-1870) Family Papers (Mss. 83 M75), all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, chiefly 1803-1839, of members of the Monroe family while in London, England, Paris, France and in Virginia. Includes letters received by James Monroe while minister to Great Britain, from Sir Alexander Munro; letters of George Hay and his wife, James Monroe's daughter, Eliza Kortright (Monroe) Hay. Letters contain information concerning Hortensia (Hay) Rogers and Lloyd Nicholas Rogers. These letters deal primarily with family matters, but include material on the French Revolution and on the Napoleonic Wars. Collection includes Kortright genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, chiefly 1803-1839, of members of the Monroe family while in London, England, Paris, France and in Virginia. Includes letters received by James Monroe while minister to Great Britain, from Sir Alexander Munro; letters of George Hay and his wife, James Monroe's daughter, Eliza Kortright (Monroe) Hay. Letters contain information concerning Hortensia (Hay) Rogers and Lloyd Nicholas Rogers. These letters deal primarily with family matters, but include material on the French Revolution and on the Napoleonic Wars. Collection includes Kortright genealogy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":29,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:23.432Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9210","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9210","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9210","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9210","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9210.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Monroe Family Papers","title_ssm":["Monroe Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Monroe Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1803-1905"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1803-1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1803/1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Monroe Family Papers, 1803/1905"],"text":["Monroe Family Papers, 1803/1905","Mss. 82 M75","/repositories/2/resources/9210","France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799","France--Foreign relations--United States","France--History--Consulate and First Empire, 1799-1815","French Revolution","United States--Foreign relations--France","Monroe family","Correspondence","34 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","James Monroe (April 28, 1758 - July 4, 1831) was the fifth President of the United States (1817-1825). He played a leading role in the War of 1812 as secretary of war and secretary of state under James Madison. Monroe attended the College of William and Mary from 1774 through 1776.","Folder list updated by Patricia Sanabria, SCRC staff, in September of 2011.","Related collections are; James Monroe Papers (Mss. 39.1 M75), the Jay Johns Collection of James Monroe Papers (Mss. 68 M75), the Monroe Papers, Ashlawn (Mss. Acc. 2003.09), and the James Monroe (1799-1870) Family Papers (Mss. 83 M75), all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Correspondence, chiefly 1803-1839, of members of the Monroe family while in London, England, Paris, France and in Virginia. Includes letters received by James Monroe while minister to Great Britain, from Sir Alexander Munro; letters of George Hay and his wife, James Monroe's daughter, Eliza Kortright (Monroe) Hay. Letters contain information concerning Hortensia (Hay) Rogers and Lloyd Nicholas Rogers. These letters deal primarily with family matters, but include material on the French Revolution and on the Napoleonic Wars. Collection includes Kortright genealogy.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Monroe Family Papers, 1803/1905"],"collection_ssim":["Monroe Family Papers, 1803/1905"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 82 M75","/repositories/2/resources/9210"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 82 M75","/repositories/2/resources/9210"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799"],"geogname_ssim":["France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799"],"places_ssim":["France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799"],"creator_ssm":["Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817"],"creator_ssim":["Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift"],"access_subjects_ssim":["France--Foreign relations--United States","France--History--Consulate and First Empire, 1799-1815","French Revolution","United States--Foreign relations--France","Monroe family","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["France--Foreign relations--United States","France--History--Consulate and First Empire, 1799-1815","French Revolution","United States--Foreign relations--France","Monroe family","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 items"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Monroe (April 28, 1758 - July 4, 1831) was the fifth President of the United States (1817-1825). He played a leading role in the War of 1812 as secretary of war and secretary of state under James Madison. Monroe attended the College of William and Mary from 1774 through 1776.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Monroe (April 28, 1758 - July 4, 1831) was the fifth President of the United States (1817-1825). He played a leading role in the War of 1812 as secretary of war and secretary of state under James Madison. 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Letters contain information concerning Hortensia (Hay) Rogers and Lloyd Nicholas Rogers. These letters deal primarily with family matters, but include material on the French Revolution and on the Napoleonic Wars. Collection includes Kortright genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, chiefly 1803-1839, of members of the Monroe family while in London, England, Paris, France and in Virginia. Includes letters received by James Monroe while minister to Great Britain, from Sir Alexander Munro; letters of George Hay and his wife, James Monroe's daughter, Eliza Kortright (Monroe) Hay. Letters contain information concerning Hortensia (Hay) Rogers and Lloyd Nicholas Rogers. These letters deal primarily with family matters, but include material on the French Revolution and on the Napoleonic Wars. Collection includes Kortright genealogy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Hay, Eliza Kortright Monroe","Hay, George","Munro, Alexander, Sir, 1753-1817"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":29,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:23.432Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9210"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection, 1844/1960","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8598#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Morton, Margaret H.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8598#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and notes on Virginia families by Mrs. Margaret H. Morton, genealogist, of Farmville, Virginia in response to inquires. Most of her notes are transcriptions of courthouse records, though she often created family trees for clients and clients sometimes sent their genealogy history to her.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8598#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8598.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Morton Genealogical Inquiries","title_ssm":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection"],"title_tesim":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1844-1960, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1844-1960, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1844/1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection, 1844/1960"],"text":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection, 1844/1960","Mss. Acc. 1986.29","/repositories/2/resources/8598","Buckingham County (Va.)--History","Campbell County (Va.)--History","Charlotte County (Va.)--History","Cumberland County (Va.)","Genealogy","Prince Edward County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Notebooks","Research notes","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Margaret H. Morton used a numerical index/inventory system to group her papers.   Please see the Finding Aid/Inventory (below) which matches her inventory.","Index numbers 16, 19, 20, 21, 25, 32, 53, 65, 70, 75, 84, 86, 90 and 100 were not included in accession.","Margaret H. Morton was a genealogist who lived in Farmville, Virginia. She was married to William H. Morton and usually signed her correspondence \"Mrs. William H. Morton.\"","Mss. 90 M84, Richard Lee Morton Papers.","Mss. 90 M85 and 82.7 Morton Genealogical Collection.","Correspondence and notes on Virginia families by Mrs. Margaret H. Morton, genealogist, of Farmville, Virginia in response to inquires.  Most of her notes are transcriptions of courthouse records, though she often created family trees for clients and clients sometimes sent their genealogy history to her.","Mrs. Morton's inventory is filed in the first folder, which lists folders not received with the accession.","Includes index of family names and inquirers.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Morton, Margaret H.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection, 1844/1960"],"collection_ssim":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection, 1844/1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 1986.29","/repositories/2/resources/8598"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret H. 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Morton, genealogist, of Farmville, Virginia in response to inquires.  Most of her notes are transcriptions of courthouse records, though she often created family trees for clients and clients sometimes sent their genealogy history to her.","Mrs. Morton's inventory is filed in the first folder, which lists folders not received with the accession.","Includes index of family names and inquirers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Morton, Margaret H."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Morton, Margaret H."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":103,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:41.733Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8598","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8598.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Morton Genealogical Inquiries","title_ssm":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection"],"title_tesim":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1844-1960, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1844-1960, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1844/1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection, 1844/1960"],"text":["Morton Genealogical Inquiries Collection, 1844/1960","Mss. Acc. 1986.29","/repositories/2/resources/8598","Buckingham County (Va.)--History","Campbell County (Va.)--History","Charlotte County (Va.)--History","Cumberland County (Va.)","Genealogy","Prince Edward County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Notebooks","Research notes","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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Morton, genealogist, of Farmville, Virginia in response to inquires.  Most of her notes are transcriptions of courthouse records, though she often created family trees for clients and clients sometimes sent their genealogy history to her.","Mrs. Morton's inventory is filed in the first folder, which lists folders not received with the accession.","Includes index of family names and inquirers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Morton, Margaret H."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Morton, Margaret H."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":103,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:41.733Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8598"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letters written to Mott Hooton, Jr. (1838-1920), who served as an officer in the U. S. Army from the American Civil War through the Spanish-American War, by several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvania.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1604.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hooton, Mott, Correspondence","title_ssm":["Mott Hooton Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Mott Hooton Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1866-1879"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-1879"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1866/1879"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879"],"text":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879","Ms.1988.100","Correspondence","The collection is open to research.","Mott Hooton Jr., son of Mott and Anna Eliza Carpenter Hooton, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on April 16, 1838. Following the early death of her husband, Anna Hooton returned to her family home in West Chester, Pennsylvania, with her children and soon thereafter married Maris Rhoads of neighboring Delaware County. (Mott Hooton and his brother Francis (\"Frank\"), however, do not appear in the Rhoads family census record of 1850 or 1860.) On June 4, 1861, Mott Hooton enlisted in Company A, 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, mustering in as a first sergeant. He was soon commissioned a second lieutenant. With his regiment, he served through many of the major battles of the American Civil War and was twice wounded. He was mustered out at the end of his term of service but rejoined the U. S. Army on February 23, 1866, and was assigned to the 13th Regular Infantry. Six months later, he was transferred to the 31st Regular Infantry, then to the 22nd Regular Infantry on May 15, 1869. Promoted to captain on August 5, 1872, Hooton would serve most of his career in the West. on February 27, 1890, following a battle with the Sioux, Hooton was breveted a major. On May 1, 1896, he was promoted to full major and transferred to the 25th Regular Infantry. Promoted again, to lieutenant colonel, Hooton was given command of the 5th Regular Infantry and led the regiment in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. He was promoted to colonel of the 28th Regular Infantry on February 2, 1901, serving in the Philippines. On April 15, 1902, Hooton was promoted to brigadier general and was retired the following day. The 1910 census shows Hooton living in the West Chester, Pennsylvania, home of his widowed sister-in-law, Anna Hooton. By 1920, Hooton was living with his half-sister, Sally S. Rhodes, and a niece in Kennebec County, Maine. Mott Hooton died in Kennebec County on May 31, 1920, and was buried in Oaklands Cemetery, Chester County, Pennsylvania.","The guide to the Mott Hooton Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Mott Hooton Correspondence commenced and was completed in May, 2021.","The Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, PA, maintains the Mott Hooton Papers, Ms. Coll. 171.","This collection contains 15 letters from several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvana, to U. S. Army officer Mott Hooton, received while Hooton was serving at posts in Dakota Territory, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. Eight of the letters are from a writer identified only as \"Aunt Sue\" (likely Susan Carpenter, living in the home of Mott Hooton's brother Frank in 1870). Also included are letters from \"Sallie\" (probably Hooton's half-sister, Sallie Rhodes), Hammond, and H. Hildeburn, all of Chester County, Pennsylvania, and all conveying news of relatives and mutual acquaintances. A letter from A. Hooton (probably Hooton's paternal grandfather, Andrew Hooton) relays news of a relative who had been caught in a snowstorm while prospecting for gold and also offers some opinions on the political climate of the day. (\"I have well nigh out lived this government, some think it expired (constitutionally,) on the shedding of blud at Sumpter, and that we are now experimenting in governmental matters at Washington ... the governmental bungallers have well nigh addled my brain.\")","Also included in the collection is a single 1879 letter from Mrs. S. N. Pettibone of Bakersville [Connecticut] to former pupil Vinnie Dowd, of Monterey [Massachusetts?]. The relationship, if any, to the Hooton letters is unknown.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letters written to Mott Hooton, Jr. (1838-1920), who served as an officer in the U. S. Army from the American Civil War through the Spanish-American War, by several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvania.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879"],"collection_ssim":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.100"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.100"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Mott Hooton Correspondence was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMott Hooton Jr., son of Mott and Anna Eliza Carpenter Hooton, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on April 16, 1838. Following the early death of her husband, Anna Hooton returned to her family home in West Chester, Pennsylvania, with her children and soon thereafter married Maris Rhoads of neighboring Delaware County. (Mott Hooton and his brother Francis (\"Frank\"), however, do not appear in the Rhoads family census record of 1850 or 1860.) On June 4, 1861, Mott Hooton enlisted in Company A, 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, mustering in as a first sergeant. He was soon commissioned a second lieutenant. With his regiment, he served through many of the major battles of the American Civil War and was twice wounded. He was mustered out at the end of his term of service but rejoined the U. S. Army on February 23, 1866, and was assigned to the 13th Regular Infantry. Six months later, he was transferred to the 31st Regular Infantry, then to the 22nd Regular Infantry on May 15, 1869. Promoted to captain on August 5, 1872, Hooton would serve most of his career in the West. on February 27, 1890, following a battle with the Sioux, Hooton was breveted a major. On May 1, 1896, he was promoted to full major and transferred to the 25th Regular Infantry. Promoted again, to lieutenant colonel, Hooton was given command of the 5th Regular Infantry and led the regiment in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. He was promoted to colonel of the 28th Regular Infantry on February 2, 1901, serving in the Philippines. On April 15, 1902, Hooton was promoted to brigadier general and was retired the following day. The 1910 census shows Hooton living in the West Chester, Pennsylvania, home of his widowed sister-in-law, Anna Hooton. By 1920, Hooton was living with his half-sister, Sally S. Rhodes, and a niece in Kennebec County, Maine. Mott Hooton died in Kennebec County on May 31, 1920, and was buried in Oaklands Cemetery, Chester County, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mott Hooton Jr., son of Mott and Anna Eliza Carpenter Hooton, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on April 16, 1838. Following the early death of her husband, Anna Hooton returned to her family home in West Chester, Pennsylvania, with her children and soon thereafter married Maris Rhoads of neighboring Delaware County. (Mott Hooton and his brother Francis (\"Frank\"), however, do not appear in the Rhoads family census record of 1850 or 1860.) On June 4, 1861, Mott Hooton enlisted in Company A, 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, mustering in as a first sergeant. He was soon commissioned a second lieutenant. With his regiment, he served through many of the major battles of the American Civil War and was twice wounded. He was mustered out at the end of his term of service but rejoined the U. S. Army on February 23, 1866, and was assigned to the 13th Regular Infantry. Six months later, he was transferred to the 31st Regular Infantry, then to the 22nd Regular Infantry on May 15, 1869. Promoted to captain on August 5, 1872, Hooton would serve most of his career in the West. on February 27, 1890, following a battle with the Sioux, Hooton was breveted a major. On May 1, 1896, he was promoted to full major and transferred to the 25th Regular Infantry. Promoted again, to lieutenant colonel, Hooton was given command of the 5th Regular Infantry and led the regiment in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. He was promoted to colonel of the 28th Regular Infantry on February 2, 1901, serving in the Philippines. On April 15, 1902, Hooton was promoted to brigadier general and was retired the following day. The 1910 census shows Hooton living in the West Chester, Pennsylvania, home of his widowed sister-in-law, Anna Hooton. By 1920, Hooton was living with his half-sister, Sally S. Rhodes, and a niece in Kennebec County, Maine. Mott Hooton died in Kennebec County on May 31, 1920, and was buried in Oaklands Cemetery, Chester County, Pennsylvania."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Mott Hooton Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Mott Hooton Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Mott Hooton Correspondence, Ms1988-100, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Mott Hooton Correspondence, Ms1988-100, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Mott Hooton Correspondence commenced and was completed in May, 2021.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Mott Hooton Correspondence commenced and was completed in May, 2021."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, PA, maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.chestercohistorical.org/mott-hooton-papers\"\u003eMott Hooton Papers, Ms. Coll. 171\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, PA, maintains the Mott Hooton Papers, Ms. Coll. 171."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains 15 letters from several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvana, to U. S. Army officer Mott Hooton, received while Hooton was serving at posts in Dakota Territory, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. Eight of the letters are from a writer identified only as \"Aunt Sue\" (likely Susan Carpenter, living in the home of Mott Hooton's brother Frank in 1870). Also included are letters from \"Sallie\" (probably Hooton's half-sister, Sallie Rhodes), Hammond, and H. Hildeburn, all of Chester County, Pennsylvania, and all conveying news of relatives and mutual acquaintances. A letter from A. Hooton (probably Hooton's paternal grandfather, Andrew Hooton) relays news of a relative who had been caught in a snowstorm while prospecting for gold and also offers some opinions on the political climate of the day. (\"I have well nigh out lived this government, some think it expired (constitutionally,) on the shedding of blud at Sumpter, and that we are now experimenting in governmental matters at Washington ... the governmental bungallers have well nigh addled my brain.\")\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included in the collection is a single 1879 letter from Mrs. S. N. Pettibone of Bakersville [Connecticut] to former pupil Vinnie Dowd, of Monterey [Massachusetts?]. The relationship, if any, to the Hooton letters is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains 15 letters from several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvana, to U. S. Army officer Mott Hooton, received while Hooton was serving at posts in Dakota Territory, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. Eight of the letters are from a writer identified only as \"Aunt Sue\" (likely Susan Carpenter, living in the home of Mott Hooton's brother Frank in 1870). Also included are letters from \"Sallie\" (probably Hooton's half-sister, Sallie Rhodes), Hammond, and H. Hildeburn, all of Chester County, Pennsylvania, and all conveying news of relatives and mutual acquaintances. A letter from A. Hooton (probably Hooton's paternal grandfather, Andrew Hooton) relays news of a relative who had been caught in a snowstorm while prospecting for gold and also offers some opinions on the political climate of the day. (\"I have well nigh out lived this government, some think it expired (constitutionally,) on the shedding of blud at Sumpter, and that we are now experimenting in governmental matters at Washington ... the governmental bungallers have well nigh addled my brain.\")","Also included in the collection is a single 1879 letter from Mrs. S. N. Pettibone of Bakersville [Connecticut] to former pupil Vinnie Dowd, of Monterey [Massachusetts?]. The relationship, if any, to the Hooton letters is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae9bc94d01701e2d1d8b80dbdbd9d3be\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLetters written to Mott Hooton, Jr. (1838-1920), who served as an officer in the U. S. Army from the American Civil War through the Spanish-American War, by several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvania.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letters written to Mott Hooton, Jr. (1838-1920), who served as an officer in the U. S. Army from the American Civil War through the Spanish-American War, by several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvania."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:40.347Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1604.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hooton, Mott, Correspondence","title_ssm":["Mott Hooton Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Mott Hooton Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1866-1879"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-1879"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1866/1879"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879"],"text":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879","Ms.1988.100","Correspondence","The collection is open to research.","Mott Hooton Jr., son of Mott and Anna Eliza Carpenter Hooton, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on April 16, 1838. Following the early death of her husband, Anna Hooton returned to her family home in West Chester, Pennsylvania, with her children and soon thereafter married Maris Rhoads of neighboring Delaware County. (Mott Hooton and his brother Francis (\"Frank\"), however, do not appear in the Rhoads family census record of 1850 or 1860.) On June 4, 1861, Mott Hooton enlisted in Company A, 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, mustering in as a first sergeant. He was soon commissioned a second lieutenant. With his regiment, he served through many of the major battles of the American Civil War and was twice wounded. He was mustered out at the end of his term of service but rejoined the U. S. Army on February 23, 1866, and was assigned to the 13th Regular Infantry. Six months later, he was transferred to the 31st Regular Infantry, then to the 22nd Regular Infantry on May 15, 1869. Promoted to captain on August 5, 1872, Hooton would serve most of his career in the West. on February 27, 1890, following a battle with the Sioux, Hooton was breveted a major. On May 1, 1896, he was promoted to full major and transferred to the 25th Regular Infantry. Promoted again, to lieutenant colonel, Hooton was given command of the 5th Regular Infantry and led the regiment in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. He was promoted to colonel of the 28th Regular Infantry on February 2, 1901, serving in the Philippines. On April 15, 1902, Hooton was promoted to brigadier general and was retired the following day. The 1910 census shows Hooton living in the West Chester, Pennsylvania, home of his widowed sister-in-law, Anna Hooton. By 1920, Hooton was living with his half-sister, Sally S. Rhodes, and a niece in Kennebec County, Maine. Mott Hooton died in Kennebec County on May 31, 1920, and was buried in Oaklands Cemetery, Chester County, Pennsylvania.","The guide to the Mott Hooton Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Mott Hooton Correspondence commenced and was completed in May, 2021.","The Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, PA, maintains the Mott Hooton Papers, Ms. Coll. 171.","This collection contains 15 letters from several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvana, to U. S. Army officer Mott Hooton, received while Hooton was serving at posts in Dakota Territory, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. Eight of the letters are from a writer identified only as \"Aunt Sue\" (likely Susan Carpenter, living in the home of Mott Hooton's brother Frank in 1870). Also included are letters from \"Sallie\" (probably Hooton's half-sister, Sallie Rhodes), Hammond, and H. Hildeburn, all of Chester County, Pennsylvania, and all conveying news of relatives and mutual acquaintances. A letter from A. Hooton (probably Hooton's paternal grandfather, Andrew Hooton) relays news of a relative who had been caught in a snowstorm while prospecting for gold and also offers some opinions on the political climate of the day. (\"I have well nigh out lived this government, some think it expired (constitutionally,) on the shedding of blud at Sumpter, and that we are now experimenting in governmental matters at Washington ... the governmental bungallers have well nigh addled my brain.\")","Also included in the collection is a single 1879 letter from Mrs. S. N. Pettibone of Bakersville [Connecticut] to former pupil Vinnie Dowd, of Monterey [Massachusetts?]. The relationship, if any, to the Hooton letters is unknown.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letters written to Mott Hooton, Jr. (1838-1920), who served as an officer in the U. S. Army from the American Civil War through the Spanish-American War, by several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvania.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879"],"collection_ssim":["Mott Hooton Correspondence, 1866/1879"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.100"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.100"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Mott Hooton Correspondence was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMott Hooton Jr., son of Mott and Anna Eliza Carpenter Hooton, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on April 16, 1838. Following the early death of her husband, Anna Hooton returned to her family home in West Chester, Pennsylvania, with her children and soon thereafter married Maris Rhoads of neighboring Delaware County. (Mott Hooton and his brother Francis (\"Frank\"), however, do not appear in the Rhoads family census record of 1850 or 1860.) On June 4, 1861, Mott Hooton enlisted in Company A, 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, mustering in as a first sergeant. He was soon commissioned a second lieutenant. With his regiment, he served through many of the major battles of the American Civil War and was twice wounded. He was mustered out at the end of his term of service but rejoined the U. S. Army on February 23, 1866, and was assigned to the 13th Regular Infantry. Six months later, he was transferred to the 31st Regular Infantry, then to the 22nd Regular Infantry on May 15, 1869. Promoted to captain on August 5, 1872, Hooton would serve most of his career in the West. on February 27, 1890, following a battle with the Sioux, Hooton was breveted a major. On May 1, 1896, he was promoted to full major and transferred to the 25th Regular Infantry. Promoted again, to lieutenant colonel, Hooton was given command of the 5th Regular Infantry and led the regiment in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. He was promoted to colonel of the 28th Regular Infantry on February 2, 1901, serving in the Philippines. On April 15, 1902, Hooton was promoted to brigadier general and was retired the following day. The 1910 census shows Hooton living in the West Chester, Pennsylvania, home of his widowed sister-in-law, Anna Hooton. By 1920, Hooton was living with his half-sister, Sally S. Rhodes, and a niece in Kennebec County, Maine. Mott Hooton died in Kennebec County on May 31, 1920, and was buried in Oaklands Cemetery, Chester County, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mott Hooton Jr., son of Mott and Anna Eliza Carpenter Hooton, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on April 16, 1838. Following the early death of her husband, Anna Hooton returned to her family home in West Chester, Pennsylvania, with her children and soon thereafter married Maris Rhoads of neighboring Delaware County. (Mott Hooton and his brother Francis (\"Frank\"), however, do not appear in the Rhoads family census record of 1850 or 1860.) On June 4, 1861, Mott Hooton enlisted in Company A, 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, mustering in as a first sergeant. He was soon commissioned a second lieutenant. With his regiment, he served through many of the major battles of the American Civil War and was twice wounded. He was mustered out at the end of his term of service but rejoined the U. S. Army on February 23, 1866, and was assigned to the 13th Regular Infantry. Six months later, he was transferred to the 31st Regular Infantry, then to the 22nd Regular Infantry on May 15, 1869. Promoted to captain on August 5, 1872, Hooton would serve most of his career in the West. on February 27, 1890, following a battle with the Sioux, Hooton was breveted a major. On May 1, 1896, he was promoted to full major and transferred to the 25th Regular Infantry. Promoted again, to lieutenant colonel, Hooton was given command of the 5th Regular Infantry and led the regiment in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. He was promoted to colonel of the 28th Regular Infantry on February 2, 1901, serving in the Philippines. On April 15, 1902, Hooton was promoted to brigadier general and was retired the following day. The 1910 census shows Hooton living in the West Chester, Pennsylvania, home of his widowed sister-in-law, Anna Hooton. By 1920, Hooton was living with his half-sister, Sally S. Rhodes, and a niece in Kennebec County, Maine. Mott Hooton died in Kennebec County on May 31, 1920, and was buried in Oaklands Cemetery, Chester County, Pennsylvania."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Mott Hooton Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Mott Hooton Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Mott Hooton Correspondence, Ms1988-100, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Mott Hooton Correspondence, Ms1988-100, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Mott Hooton Correspondence commenced and was completed in May, 2021.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Mott Hooton Correspondence commenced and was completed in May, 2021."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, PA, maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.chestercohistorical.org/mott-hooton-papers\"\u003eMott Hooton Papers, Ms. Coll. 171\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, PA, maintains the Mott Hooton Papers, Ms. Coll. 171."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains 15 letters from several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvana, to U. S. Army officer Mott Hooton, received while Hooton was serving at posts in Dakota Territory, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. Eight of the letters are from a writer identified only as \"Aunt Sue\" (likely Susan Carpenter, living in the home of Mott Hooton's brother Frank in 1870). Also included are letters from \"Sallie\" (probably Hooton's half-sister, Sallie Rhodes), Hammond, and H. Hildeburn, all of Chester County, Pennsylvania, and all conveying news of relatives and mutual acquaintances. A letter from A. Hooton (probably Hooton's paternal grandfather, Andrew Hooton) relays news of a relative who had been caught in a snowstorm while prospecting for gold and also offers some opinions on the political climate of the day. (\"I have well nigh out lived this government, some think it expired (constitutionally,) on the shedding of blud at Sumpter, and that we are now experimenting in governmental matters at Washington ... the governmental bungallers have well nigh addled my brain.\")\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included in the collection is a single 1879 letter from Mrs. S. N. Pettibone of Bakersville [Connecticut] to former pupil Vinnie Dowd, of Monterey [Massachusetts?]. The relationship, if any, to the Hooton letters is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains 15 letters from several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvana, to U. S. Army officer Mott Hooton, received while Hooton was serving at posts in Dakota Territory, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. Eight of the letters are from a writer identified only as \"Aunt Sue\" (likely Susan Carpenter, living in the home of Mott Hooton's brother Frank in 1870). Also included are letters from \"Sallie\" (probably Hooton's half-sister, Sallie Rhodes), Hammond, and H. Hildeburn, all of Chester County, Pennsylvania, and all conveying news of relatives and mutual acquaintances. A letter from A. Hooton (probably Hooton's paternal grandfather, Andrew Hooton) relays news of a relative who had been caught in a snowstorm while prospecting for gold and also offers some opinions on the political climate of the day. (\"I have well nigh out lived this government, some think it expired (constitutionally,) on the shedding of blud at Sumpter, and that we are now experimenting in governmental matters at Washington ... the governmental bungallers have well nigh addled my brain.\")","Also included in the collection is a single 1879 letter from Mrs. S. N. Pettibone of Bakersville [Connecticut] to former pupil Vinnie Dowd, of Monterey [Massachusetts?]. The relationship, if any, to the Hooton letters is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae9bc94d01701e2d1d8b80dbdbd9d3be\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLetters written to Mott Hooton, Jr. (1838-1920), who served as an officer in the U. S. Army from the American Civil War through the Spanish-American War, by several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvania.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letters written to Mott Hooton, Jr. (1838-1920), who served as an officer in the U. S. Army from the American Civil War through the Spanish-American War, by several relatives and friends in West Chester, Pennsylvania."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. Army"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:40.347Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1604"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2076","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mrs. Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Collection, 1825/1896","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2076#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Chatfield-Taylor, Wayne, Mrs.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2076#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection of legal papers chiefly of Wythe and Warwick counties, Virginia. Includes papers of George Blow, Jr.; letters, 1842-1853, concerning the legal practice of Peter F. Schlecker; resolutions, 1860 July 28, passed by the Board of Trade of Norfolk, Virginia; and deed, 1831, to land in Wythe County, Virginia from Joseph F. White to Elisha D. Payne. Some legal documents concern grain mills.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2076#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2076","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2076","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2076","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2076","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2076.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Chatfield-Taylor, Mrs. Wayne","title_ssm":["Mrs. Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Collection"],"title_tesim":["Mrs. Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1896"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1896"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/1896"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mrs. Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Collection, 1825/1896"],"text":["Mrs. Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Collection, 1825/1896","SC 01284","/repositories/2/resources/2076","Warwick County (Va.)--History--19th century","Wythe County (Va.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Grain--Milling","Correspondence","Resolutions (administrative records)","Collection is open to all researchers. 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