{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=31","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=33","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=33"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":32,"next_page":33,"prev_page":31,"total_pages":33,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":310,"total_count":322,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The William Sneed Correspondence was written by William Sneed, who served in the 45th regiment, North Carolina infantry of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The correspondence contains two letters during the Civil War that were written to a friend and a Miss Alice, and a tax collection letter.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4202.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sneed, William, Correspondence","title_ssm":["William Sneed Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["William Sneed Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862, 1864, 1873"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862, 1864, 1873"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1873"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873"],"text":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873","Ms.2023.143","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","The William Sneed Correspondence was written by William Sneed, who served in the 45th regiment, North Carolina infantry of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The correspondence contains two letters during the Civil War that were written to a friend and a Miss Alice, and a tax collection letter.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873"],"collection_ssim":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.143"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.143"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"creator_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1fc7d3f953ec845bc5510343579ea861\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe William Sneed Correspondence was written by William Sneed, who served in the 45th regiment, North Carolina infantry of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The correspondence contains two letters during the Civil War that were written to a friend and a Miss Alice, and a tax collection letter.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The William Sneed Correspondence was written by William Sneed, who served in the 45th regiment, North Carolina infantry of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The correspondence contains two letters during the Civil War that were written to a friend and a Miss Alice, and a tax collection letter."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4202.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sneed, William, Correspondence","title_ssm":["William Sneed Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["William Sneed Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862, 1864, 1873"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862, 1864, 1873"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1873"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873"],"text":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873","Ms.2023.143","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","The William Sneed Correspondence was written by William Sneed, who served in the 45th regiment, North Carolina infantry of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The correspondence contains two letters during the Civil War that were written to a friend and a Miss Alice, and a tax collection letter.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873"],"collection_ssim":["William Sneed Correspondence, 1862/1873"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.143"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.143"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"creator_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1fc7d3f953ec845bc5510343579ea861\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe William Sneed Correspondence was written by William Sneed, who served in the 45th regiment, North Carolina infantry of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The correspondence contains two letters during the Civil War that were written to a friend and a Miss Alice, and a tax collection letter.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The William Sneed Correspondence was written by William Sneed, who served in the 45th regiment, North Carolina infantry of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The correspondence contains two letters during the Civil War that were written to a friend and a Miss Alice, and a tax collection letter."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Sneed, William (45th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4202"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"American Civil War correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton, an Ohio doctor who from 1862 to 1865 served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry and surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Also includes transcripts of Newton's Civil War letters to his wife and children.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3546.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Newton, William S., Papers","title_ssm":["William S. Newton Papers"],"title_tesim":["William S. Newton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1879"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1879"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1879"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879"],"text":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879","Ms.2021.024","Civil War","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type, then chronologically.","William Smith Newton was born on February 6, 1823, near the small town of Harmer, in Washington County, Ohio. The town, now part of Marietta, was located where the Muskingum River flows into the Ohio River, with Virginia (now West Virginia) located on the other side to the south. He was the son of Oren and Elizabeth Fuller Newton. His father, Oren, was an important figure in the community and was involved in farming and the grindstone industry. His grandparents were the early Marietta-area settlers Elias and Alice Stimson Newton.","In 1839 sixteen-year-old Newton enrolled in Marietta College's Latin School, which was a preparatory school for younger students. After two years of study in the Latin School, in fall 1841 he advanced to the Marietta Academy, a preparatory school for the college. The following fall, Newton enrolled as a freshman at Marietta College. He completed his freshman year, 1842–1843, but he did not continue with courses or graduate from Marietta College.","Newton demonstrated an interest in medicine and learned from his cousin Robert Safford Newton, who practiced medicine in Gallipolis and was trained in the emerging field of eclectic medicine. Newton observed his cousin treating patients with eclectic methods, which influenced his decision to enroll as a medical student in fall 1843 at the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati. Newton graduated in 1845 from the Medical College of Ohio and returned to Harmar. Similar to an apprenticeship or residency, he began working alongside Seth Hart, a doctor in town. By 1850 Newton had his own medical practice in Harmar. In 1854 Newton and his family relocated to Ironton, Ohio. Newton was the eighth doctor in Ironton at that time. He had an active medical practice in downtown Ironton and frequently advertised in local newspapers.","On October 28, 1845, William married Frances Ann Hayward of Gallipolis. They had seven children during their marriage. Three of their children, Oren Hayward (1846–1858), Lewis Garland (May–October 1848), and Fanny Lillian (1857–1858), died before reaching adulthood. In 1862, when William enlisted in the Union Army, they had three children, Edward (Ned) Seymore (born 1850), Valentine Mott (born 1852), and Kate May (born 1860). Another child, John Beverly (born November 9, 1863), arrived during Newton's military service.","Newton took immediate interest in serving the Union as a surgeon. In August 1862, volunteers from the counties of Adams, Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, and Pike organized at Ironton into five companies of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Colonel John A. Turley from Scioto County commanded the regiment with Colonel Benjamin F. Coates second in command. The Army appointed George H. Carpenter as surgeon and John B. Warwick as assistant surgeon for the 91st. Newton received his official appointment as assistant surgeon for the regiment on September 17, 1862.","Newton served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry for most of the American Civil War, with only two exceptions. In October 1863 he became acting surgeon for the 2nd Virginia Cavalry and held that role until February 1864 when he returned to service as assistant surgeon of the 91st. Then, on March 18, 1865, he became surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and kept that post until he mustered out with the regiment on August 9, 1865.","As assistant surgeon Newton managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. He quartered with officers in tents and houses, and was in close contact with other soldiers, many of whom he knew because of his medical practice.","Although a non-combatant, Newton was part of several significant military campaigns in West Virginia and Virginia. Following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, Confederates captured Newton and other medical staff, who were then asked to operate on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins. The operation, amputation of the left arm, was successful, but Jenkins died after an attendant accidently knocked loose the ligature on a main artery. Thereafter, Newton and the other Union surgeons were sent to Libby Prison in Richmond. After three difficult days at Libby, the surgeons were released. Newton reported ill health due to the imprisonment, but he returned to active duty in July. By that time, the 91st was part of Union General Philip Sheridan's summer campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. Following the Second Battle of Kernstown, Newton and others were dismissed from military service for allegedly straggling behind after the battle. Newton was quickly reinstated following confirmed reports that he had stayed behind in a safe location to avoid capture. Thereafter, Newton managed a large field hospital to care for the many wounded following the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester) and the Battle of Cedar Creek.","By 1865, Newton prepared to return to Ohio as a farmer. On August 9, 1865, he mustered out of the Union Army after three years and four months of service. Instead of becoming a farmer, Newton moved to Gallipolis, opened a medical practice, and served as postmaster from 1867-1875. In 1880, Newton secured an invalid pension. He cited that his capture and brief imprisonment after the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in 1864 led to his poor health. In mid-November 1882 Newton fell ill from stomach pains. In addition to liver damage, he suffered from ulcers and other internal ailments caused by his wartime service. Newton died on Saturday, November 18, 1882, just a few months shy of his sixtieth birthday. He was buried in the Pine Street Cemetery in Gallipolis.","The guide to the William S. Newton Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Newton Papers commenced in fall 2020 and was completed in August 2021.","This collection contains the papers of William S. Newton, documenting the American Civil War experiences of an Ohio surgeon in West Virginia and Virginia from 1862 to 1865. Arranged in four series, the collection includes Civil War correspondence, transcripts of the correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton.","The bulk of the collection, which is the first series, consists of nearly 170 letters from Newton to his wife and children. His letters document the boredom of camp life, details of battles and skirmishes, and observations on human behavior. Newton's detailed letters cover his living quarters, the extent of southern sentiment in occupied spaces during and after the war, transportation and communication, and the comfort of a good meal. Newton reported on the destruction of the landscape, which had been stripped of anything valuable, including the wooden boards from outhouses. Noteworthy is his description of the role of African Americans in society, both as freed slaves and camp assistants. Newton makes some mention of the politics of the period, especially related to Ohio politics. He provides wartime descriptions of towns such as Charleston, Gallipolis, Fayetteville, Lewisburg, Point Pleasant, and Winchester.","Newton's letters express a deep interest in family affairs. In fact, two of his children, Ned and Mott, visited him in camp. During the day, while he attended to the sick and wounded, his children would fish in nearby rivers and streams for their evening meal. His letters advised on family matters such as buying and selling property back in Ohio, naming his newborn child, urging his teenage son to live an upstanding life through better penmanship, prescribing medicines to remedy illnesses in the family, and preparing a new farm for his return home. His letters convey a deep sense of loneliness, especially for his wife. Several letters include discussion of the challenges of teenage son Ned, who exhibits behavior issues. Newton pens a few letters directly to Ned to reprimand him. Newton also refers to other family and friends including six of his eight siblings, Stephen, John, Oren, Lucy, Mary Frances, and Douglas.","Newton reports on his work as a surgeon. He managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. Newton's letters mention taking care of soldiers whom he knew personally from his medical practice. Although a non-combatant, Newton experienced frequent skirmishes with Confederate raiders and was part of several significant military campaigns. His letters describe significant battles in West Virginia and Virginia, most notably the Second Battle of Kernstown, the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester), and the Battle of Cedar Creek. Of note, Newton's October 8, 1867, letter to Ohio Adjutant General Benjamin R. Cowen documents his most harrowing moments during the Civil War—Newton's capture by Confederates following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, his role in operating on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins, and his brief imprisonment and release from Libby Prison later that month. Other letters describe his working relationships with officers in the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, especially assistant surgeon John B. Warwick and Colonel Benjamin F. Coates. In fact, Newton purchased a farm from Coates in April 1864.","The second series includes a few letters from other Newton family members written during the Civil War. A third series includes official documents such as pension files and Newton's appointment as postmaster in Gallipolis after the war. Finally, transcripts of the letters from Newton to his wife and children make up the final series.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","American Civil War correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton, an Ohio doctor who from 1862 to 1865 served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry and surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Also includes transcripts of Newton's Civil War letters to his wife and children.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879"],"collection_ssim":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2021.024"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2021.024"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"creator_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William S. Newton Papers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Smith Newton was born on February 6, 1823, near the small town of Harmer, in Washington County, Ohio. The town, now part of Marietta, was located where the Muskingum River flows into the Ohio River, with Virginia (now West Virginia) located on the other side to the south. He was the son of Oren and Elizabeth Fuller Newton. His father, Oren, was an important figure in the community and was involved in farming and the grindstone industry. His grandparents were the early Marietta-area settlers Elias and Alice Stimson Newton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1839 sixteen-year-old Newton enrolled in Marietta College's Latin School, which was a preparatory school for younger students. After two years of study in the Latin School, in fall 1841 he advanced to the Marietta Academy, a preparatory school for the college. The following fall, Newton enrolled as a freshman at Marietta College. He completed his freshman year, 1842–1843, but he did not continue with courses or graduate from Marietta College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton demonstrated an interest in medicine and learned from his cousin Robert Safford Newton, who practiced medicine in Gallipolis and was trained in the emerging field of eclectic medicine. Newton observed his cousin treating patients with eclectic methods, which influenced his decision to enroll as a medical student in fall 1843 at the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati. Newton graduated in 1845 from the Medical College of Ohio and returned to Harmar. Similar to an apprenticeship or residency, he began working alongside Seth Hart, a doctor in town. By 1850 Newton had his own medical practice in Harmar. In 1854 Newton and his family relocated to Ironton, Ohio. Newton was the eighth doctor in Ironton at that time. He had an active medical practice in downtown Ironton and frequently advertised in local newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn October 28, 1845, William married Frances Ann Hayward of Gallipolis. They had seven children during their marriage. Three of their children, Oren Hayward (1846–1858), Lewis Garland (May–October 1848), and Fanny Lillian (1857–1858), died before reaching adulthood. In 1862, when William enlisted in the Union Army, they had three children, Edward (Ned) Seymore (born 1850), Valentine Mott (born 1852), and Kate May (born 1860). Another child, John Beverly (born November 9, 1863), arrived during Newton's military service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton took immediate interest in serving the Union as a surgeon. In August 1862, volunteers from the counties of Adams, Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, and Pike organized at Ironton into five companies of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Colonel John A. Turley from Scioto County commanded the regiment with Colonel Benjamin F. Coates second in command. The Army appointed George H. Carpenter as surgeon and John B. Warwick as assistant surgeon for the 91st. Newton received his official appointment as assistant surgeon for the regiment on September 17, 1862.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry for most of the American Civil War, with only two exceptions. In October 1863 he became acting surgeon for the 2nd Virginia Cavalry and held that role until February 1864 when he returned to service as assistant surgeon of the 91st. Then, on March 18, 1865, he became surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and kept that post until he mustered out with the regiment on August 9, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs assistant surgeon Newton managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. He quartered with officers in tents and houses, and was in close contact with other soldiers, many of whom he knew because of his medical practice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough a non-combatant, Newton was part of several significant military campaigns in West Virginia and Virginia. Following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, Confederates captured Newton and other medical staff, who were then asked to operate on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins. The operation, amputation of the left arm, was successful, but Jenkins died after an attendant accidently knocked loose the ligature on a main artery. Thereafter, Newton and the other Union surgeons were sent to Libby Prison in Richmond. After three difficult days at Libby, the surgeons were released. Newton reported ill health due to the imprisonment, but he returned to active duty in July. By that time, the 91st was part of Union General Philip Sheridan's summer campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. Following the Second Battle of Kernstown, Newton and others were dismissed from military service for allegedly straggling behind after the battle. Newton was quickly reinstated following confirmed reports that he had stayed behind in a safe location to avoid capture. Thereafter, Newton managed a large field hospital to care for the many wounded following the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester) and the Battle of Cedar Creek. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1865, Newton prepared to return to Ohio as a farmer. On August 9, 1865, he mustered out of the Union Army after three years and four months of service. Instead of becoming a farmer, Newton moved to Gallipolis, opened a medical practice, and served as postmaster from 1867-1875. In 1880, Newton secured an invalid pension. He cited that his capture and brief imprisonment after the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in 1864 led to his poor health. In mid-November 1882 Newton fell ill from stomach pains. In addition to liver damage, he suffered from ulcers and other internal ailments caused by his wartime service. Newton died on Saturday, November 18, 1882, just a few months shy of his sixtieth birthday. He was buried in the Pine Street Cemetery in Gallipolis.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Smith Newton was born on February 6, 1823, near the small town of Harmer, in Washington County, Ohio. The town, now part of Marietta, was located where the Muskingum River flows into the Ohio River, with Virginia (now West Virginia) located on the other side to the south. He was the son of Oren and Elizabeth Fuller Newton. His father, Oren, was an important figure in the community and was involved in farming and the grindstone industry. His grandparents were the early Marietta-area settlers Elias and Alice Stimson Newton.","In 1839 sixteen-year-old Newton enrolled in Marietta College's Latin School, which was a preparatory school for younger students. After two years of study in the Latin School, in fall 1841 he advanced to the Marietta Academy, a preparatory school for the college. The following fall, Newton enrolled as a freshman at Marietta College. He completed his freshman year, 1842–1843, but he did not continue with courses or graduate from Marietta College.","Newton demonstrated an interest in medicine and learned from his cousin Robert Safford Newton, who practiced medicine in Gallipolis and was trained in the emerging field of eclectic medicine. Newton observed his cousin treating patients with eclectic methods, which influenced his decision to enroll as a medical student in fall 1843 at the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati. Newton graduated in 1845 from the Medical College of Ohio and returned to Harmar. Similar to an apprenticeship or residency, he began working alongside Seth Hart, a doctor in town. By 1850 Newton had his own medical practice in Harmar. In 1854 Newton and his family relocated to Ironton, Ohio. Newton was the eighth doctor in Ironton at that time. He had an active medical practice in downtown Ironton and frequently advertised in local newspapers.","On October 28, 1845, William married Frances Ann Hayward of Gallipolis. They had seven children during their marriage. Three of their children, Oren Hayward (1846–1858), Lewis Garland (May–October 1848), and Fanny Lillian (1857–1858), died before reaching adulthood. In 1862, when William enlisted in the Union Army, they had three children, Edward (Ned) Seymore (born 1850), Valentine Mott (born 1852), and Kate May (born 1860). Another child, John Beverly (born November 9, 1863), arrived during Newton's military service.","Newton took immediate interest in serving the Union as a surgeon. In August 1862, volunteers from the counties of Adams, Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, and Pike organized at Ironton into five companies of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Colonel John A. Turley from Scioto County commanded the regiment with Colonel Benjamin F. Coates second in command. The Army appointed George H. Carpenter as surgeon and John B. Warwick as assistant surgeon for the 91st. Newton received his official appointment as assistant surgeon for the regiment on September 17, 1862.","Newton served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry for most of the American Civil War, with only two exceptions. In October 1863 he became acting surgeon for the 2nd Virginia Cavalry and held that role until February 1864 when he returned to service as assistant surgeon of the 91st. Then, on March 18, 1865, he became surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and kept that post until he mustered out with the regiment on August 9, 1865.","As assistant surgeon Newton managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. He quartered with officers in tents and houses, and was in close contact with other soldiers, many of whom he knew because of his medical practice.","Although a non-combatant, Newton was part of several significant military campaigns in West Virginia and Virginia. Following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, Confederates captured Newton and other medical staff, who were then asked to operate on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins. The operation, amputation of the left arm, was successful, but Jenkins died after an attendant accidently knocked loose the ligature on a main artery. Thereafter, Newton and the other Union surgeons were sent to Libby Prison in Richmond. After three difficult days at Libby, the surgeons were released. Newton reported ill health due to the imprisonment, but he returned to active duty in July. By that time, the 91st was part of Union General Philip Sheridan's summer campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. Following the Second Battle of Kernstown, Newton and others were dismissed from military service for allegedly straggling behind after the battle. Newton was quickly reinstated following confirmed reports that he had stayed behind in a safe location to avoid capture. Thereafter, Newton managed a large field hospital to care for the many wounded following the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester) and the Battle of Cedar Creek.","By 1865, Newton prepared to return to Ohio as a farmer. On August 9, 1865, he mustered out of the Union Army after three years and four months of service. Instead of becoming a farmer, Newton moved to Gallipolis, opened a medical practice, and served as postmaster from 1867-1875. In 1880, Newton secured an invalid pension. He cited that his capture and brief imprisonment after the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in 1864 led to his poor health. In mid-November 1882 Newton fell ill from stomach pains. In addition to liver damage, he suffered from ulcers and other internal ailments caused by his wartime service. Newton died on Saturday, November 18, 1882, just a few months shy of his sixtieth birthday. He was buried in the Pine Street Cemetery in Gallipolis."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William S. Newton Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William S. Newton Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William S. Newton Papers, 1862-1879, Ms2021-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William S. Newton Papers, 1862-1879, Ms2021-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Newton Papers commenced in fall 2020 and was completed in August 2021.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Newton Papers commenced in fall 2020 and was completed in August 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of William S. Newton, documenting the American Civil War experiences of an Ohio surgeon in West Virginia and Virginia from 1862 to 1865. Arranged in four series, the collection includes Civil War correspondence, transcripts of the correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, which is the first series, consists of nearly 170 letters from Newton to his wife and children. His letters document the boredom of camp life, details of battles and skirmishes, and observations on human behavior. Newton's detailed letters cover his living quarters, the extent of southern sentiment in occupied spaces during and after the war, transportation and communication, and the comfort of a good meal. Newton reported on the destruction of the landscape, which had been stripped of anything valuable, including the wooden boards from outhouses. Noteworthy is his description of the role of African Americans in society, both as freed slaves and camp assistants. Newton makes some mention of the politics of the period, especially related to Ohio politics. He provides wartime descriptions of towns such as Charleston, Gallipolis, Fayetteville, Lewisburg, Point Pleasant, and Winchester. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton's letters express a deep interest in family affairs. In fact, two of his children, Ned and Mott, visited him in camp. During the day, while he attended to the sick and wounded, his children would fish in nearby rivers and streams for their evening meal. His letters advised on family matters such as buying and selling property back in Ohio, naming his newborn child, urging his teenage son to live an upstanding life through better penmanship, prescribing medicines to remedy illnesses in the family, and preparing a new farm for his return home. His letters convey a deep sense of loneliness, especially for his wife. Several letters include discussion of the challenges of teenage son Ned, who exhibits behavior issues. Newton pens a few letters directly to Ned to reprimand him. Newton also refers to other family and friends including six of his eight siblings, Stephen, John, Oren, Lucy, Mary Frances, and Douglas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton reports on his work as a surgeon. He managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. Newton's letters mention taking care of soldiers whom he knew personally from his medical practice. Although a non-combatant, Newton experienced frequent skirmishes with Confederate raiders and was part of several significant military campaigns. His letters describe significant battles in West Virginia and Virginia, most notably the Second Battle of Kernstown, the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester), and the Battle of Cedar Creek. Of note, Newton's October 8, 1867, letter to Ohio Adjutant General Benjamin R. Cowen documents his most harrowing moments during the Civil War—Newton's capture by Confederates following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, his role in operating on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins, and his brief imprisonment and release from Libby Prison later that month. Other letters describe his working relationships with officers in the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, especially assistant surgeon John B. Warwick and Colonel Benjamin F. Coates. In fact, Newton purchased a farm from Coates in April 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second series includes a few letters from other Newton family members written during the Civil War. A third series includes official documents such as pension files and Newton's appointment as postmaster in Gallipolis after the war. Finally, transcripts of the letters from Newton to his wife and children make up the final series.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of William S. Newton, documenting the American Civil War experiences of an Ohio surgeon in West Virginia and Virginia from 1862 to 1865. Arranged in four series, the collection includes Civil War correspondence, transcripts of the correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton.","The bulk of the collection, which is the first series, consists of nearly 170 letters from Newton to his wife and children. His letters document the boredom of camp life, details of battles and skirmishes, and observations on human behavior. Newton's detailed letters cover his living quarters, the extent of southern sentiment in occupied spaces during and after the war, transportation and communication, and the comfort of a good meal. Newton reported on the destruction of the landscape, which had been stripped of anything valuable, including the wooden boards from outhouses. Noteworthy is his description of the role of African Americans in society, both as freed slaves and camp assistants. Newton makes some mention of the politics of the period, especially related to Ohio politics. He provides wartime descriptions of towns such as Charleston, Gallipolis, Fayetteville, Lewisburg, Point Pleasant, and Winchester.","Newton's letters express a deep interest in family affairs. In fact, two of his children, Ned and Mott, visited him in camp. During the day, while he attended to the sick and wounded, his children would fish in nearby rivers and streams for their evening meal. His letters advised on family matters such as buying and selling property back in Ohio, naming his newborn child, urging his teenage son to live an upstanding life through better penmanship, prescribing medicines to remedy illnesses in the family, and preparing a new farm for his return home. His letters convey a deep sense of loneliness, especially for his wife. Several letters include discussion of the challenges of teenage son Ned, who exhibits behavior issues. Newton pens a few letters directly to Ned to reprimand him. Newton also refers to other family and friends including six of his eight siblings, Stephen, John, Oren, Lucy, Mary Frances, and Douglas.","Newton reports on his work as a surgeon. He managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. Newton's letters mention taking care of soldiers whom he knew personally from his medical practice. Although a non-combatant, Newton experienced frequent skirmishes with Confederate raiders and was part of several significant military campaigns. His letters describe significant battles in West Virginia and Virginia, most notably the Second Battle of Kernstown, the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester), and the Battle of Cedar Creek. Of note, Newton's October 8, 1867, letter to Ohio Adjutant General Benjamin R. Cowen documents his most harrowing moments during the Civil War—Newton's capture by Confederates following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, his role in operating on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins, and his brief imprisonment and release from Libby Prison later that month. Other letters describe his working relationships with officers in the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, especially assistant surgeon John B. Warwick and Colonel Benjamin F. Coates. In fact, Newton purchased a farm from Coates in April 1864.","The second series includes a few letters from other Newton family members written during the Civil War. A third series includes official documents such as pension files and Newton's appointment as postmaster in Gallipolis after the war. Finally, transcripts of the letters from Newton to his wife and children make up the final series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d1865b72f1530e0f5d9526e57ab14ca8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAmerican Civil War correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton, an Ohio doctor who from 1862 to 1865 served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry and surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Also includes transcripts of Newton's Civil War letters to his wife and children.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["American Civil War correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton, an Ohio doctor who from 1862 to 1865 served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry and surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Also includes transcripts of Newton's Civil War letters to his wife and children."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":20,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:52.074Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3546.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Newton, William S., Papers","title_ssm":["William S. Newton Papers"],"title_tesim":["William S. Newton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1879"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1879"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1879"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879"],"text":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879","Ms.2021.024","Civil War","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type, then chronologically.","William Smith Newton was born on February 6, 1823, near the small town of Harmer, in Washington County, Ohio. The town, now part of Marietta, was located where the Muskingum River flows into the Ohio River, with Virginia (now West Virginia) located on the other side to the south. He was the son of Oren and Elizabeth Fuller Newton. His father, Oren, was an important figure in the community and was involved in farming and the grindstone industry. His grandparents were the early Marietta-area settlers Elias and Alice Stimson Newton.","In 1839 sixteen-year-old Newton enrolled in Marietta College's Latin School, which was a preparatory school for younger students. After two years of study in the Latin School, in fall 1841 he advanced to the Marietta Academy, a preparatory school for the college. The following fall, Newton enrolled as a freshman at Marietta College. He completed his freshman year, 1842–1843, but he did not continue with courses or graduate from Marietta College.","Newton demonstrated an interest in medicine and learned from his cousin Robert Safford Newton, who practiced medicine in Gallipolis and was trained in the emerging field of eclectic medicine. Newton observed his cousin treating patients with eclectic methods, which influenced his decision to enroll as a medical student in fall 1843 at the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati. Newton graduated in 1845 from the Medical College of Ohio and returned to Harmar. Similar to an apprenticeship or residency, he began working alongside Seth Hart, a doctor in town. By 1850 Newton had his own medical practice in Harmar. In 1854 Newton and his family relocated to Ironton, Ohio. Newton was the eighth doctor in Ironton at that time. He had an active medical practice in downtown Ironton and frequently advertised in local newspapers.","On October 28, 1845, William married Frances Ann Hayward of Gallipolis. They had seven children during their marriage. Three of their children, Oren Hayward (1846–1858), Lewis Garland (May–October 1848), and Fanny Lillian (1857–1858), died before reaching adulthood. In 1862, when William enlisted in the Union Army, they had three children, Edward (Ned) Seymore (born 1850), Valentine Mott (born 1852), and Kate May (born 1860). Another child, John Beverly (born November 9, 1863), arrived during Newton's military service.","Newton took immediate interest in serving the Union as a surgeon. In August 1862, volunteers from the counties of Adams, Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, and Pike organized at Ironton into five companies of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Colonel John A. Turley from Scioto County commanded the regiment with Colonel Benjamin F. Coates second in command. The Army appointed George H. Carpenter as surgeon and John B. Warwick as assistant surgeon for the 91st. Newton received his official appointment as assistant surgeon for the regiment on September 17, 1862.","Newton served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry for most of the American Civil War, with only two exceptions. In October 1863 he became acting surgeon for the 2nd Virginia Cavalry and held that role until February 1864 when he returned to service as assistant surgeon of the 91st. Then, on March 18, 1865, he became surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and kept that post until he mustered out with the regiment on August 9, 1865.","As assistant surgeon Newton managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. He quartered with officers in tents and houses, and was in close contact with other soldiers, many of whom he knew because of his medical practice.","Although a non-combatant, Newton was part of several significant military campaigns in West Virginia and Virginia. Following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, Confederates captured Newton and other medical staff, who were then asked to operate on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins. The operation, amputation of the left arm, was successful, but Jenkins died after an attendant accidently knocked loose the ligature on a main artery. Thereafter, Newton and the other Union surgeons were sent to Libby Prison in Richmond. After three difficult days at Libby, the surgeons were released. Newton reported ill health due to the imprisonment, but he returned to active duty in July. By that time, the 91st was part of Union General Philip Sheridan's summer campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. Following the Second Battle of Kernstown, Newton and others were dismissed from military service for allegedly straggling behind after the battle. Newton was quickly reinstated following confirmed reports that he had stayed behind in a safe location to avoid capture. Thereafter, Newton managed a large field hospital to care for the many wounded following the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester) and the Battle of Cedar Creek.","By 1865, Newton prepared to return to Ohio as a farmer. On August 9, 1865, he mustered out of the Union Army after three years and four months of service. Instead of becoming a farmer, Newton moved to Gallipolis, opened a medical practice, and served as postmaster from 1867-1875. In 1880, Newton secured an invalid pension. He cited that his capture and brief imprisonment after the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in 1864 led to his poor health. In mid-November 1882 Newton fell ill from stomach pains. In addition to liver damage, he suffered from ulcers and other internal ailments caused by his wartime service. Newton died on Saturday, November 18, 1882, just a few months shy of his sixtieth birthday. He was buried in the Pine Street Cemetery in Gallipolis.","The guide to the William S. Newton Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Newton Papers commenced in fall 2020 and was completed in August 2021.","This collection contains the papers of William S. Newton, documenting the American Civil War experiences of an Ohio surgeon in West Virginia and Virginia from 1862 to 1865. Arranged in four series, the collection includes Civil War correspondence, transcripts of the correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton.","The bulk of the collection, which is the first series, consists of nearly 170 letters from Newton to his wife and children. His letters document the boredom of camp life, details of battles and skirmishes, and observations on human behavior. Newton's detailed letters cover his living quarters, the extent of southern sentiment in occupied spaces during and after the war, transportation and communication, and the comfort of a good meal. Newton reported on the destruction of the landscape, which had been stripped of anything valuable, including the wooden boards from outhouses. Noteworthy is his description of the role of African Americans in society, both as freed slaves and camp assistants. Newton makes some mention of the politics of the period, especially related to Ohio politics. He provides wartime descriptions of towns such as Charleston, Gallipolis, Fayetteville, Lewisburg, Point Pleasant, and Winchester.","Newton's letters express a deep interest in family affairs. In fact, two of his children, Ned and Mott, visited him in camp. During the day, while he attended to the sick and wounded, his children would fish in nearby rivers and streams for their evening meal. His letters advised on family matters such as buying and selling property back in Ohio, naming his newborn child, urging his teenage son to live an upstanding life through better penmanship, prescribing medicines to remedy illnesses in the family, and preparing a new farm for his return home. His letters convey a deep sense of loneliness, especially for his wife. Several letters include discussion of the challenges of teenage son Ned, who exhibits behavior issues. Newton pens a few letters directly to Ned to reprimand him. Newton also refers to other family and friends including six of his eight siblings, Stephen, John, Oren, Lucy, Mary Frances, and Douglas.","Newton reports on his work as a surgeon. He managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. Newton's letters mention taking care of soldiers whom he knew personally from his medical practice. Although a non-combatant, Newton experienced frequent skirmishes with Confederate raiders and was part of several significant military campaigns. His letters describe significant battles in West Virginia and Virginia, most notably the Second Battle of Kernstown, the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester), and the Battle of Cedar Creek. Of note, Newton's October 8, 1867, letter to Ohio Adjutant General Benjamin R. Cowen documents his most harrowing moments during the Civil War—Newton's capture by Confederates following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, his role in operating on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins, and his brief imprisonment and release from Libby Prison later that month. Other letters describe his working relationships with officers in the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, especially assistant surgeon John B. Warwick and Colonel Benjamin F. Coates. In fact, Newton purchased a farm from Coates in April 1864.","The second series includes a few letters from other Newton family members written during the Civil War. A third series includes official documents such as pension files and Newton's appointment as postmaster in Gallipolis after the war. Finally, transcripts of the letters from Newton to his wife and children make up the final series.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","American Civil War correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton, an Ohio doctor who from 1862 to 1865 served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry and surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Also includes transcripts of Newton's Civil War letters to his wife and children.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879"],"collection_ssim":["William S. Newton Papers, 1862/1879"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2021.024"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2021.024"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"creator_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William S. Newton Papers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Medicine, Military -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Smith Newton was born on February 6, 1823, near the small town of Harmer, in Washington County, Ohio. The town, now part of Marietta, was located where the Muskingum River flows into the Ohio River, with Virginia (now West Virginia) located on the other side to the south. He was the son of Oren and Elizabeth Fuller Newton. His father, Oren, was an important figure in the community and was involved in farming and the grindstone industry. His grandparents were the early Marietta-area settlers Elias and Alice Stimson Newton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1839 sixteen-year-old Newton enrolled in Marietta College's Latin School, which was a preparatory school for younger students. After two years of study in the Latin School, in fall 1841 he advanced to the Marietta Academy, a preparatory school for the college. The following fall, Newton enrolled as a freshman at Marietta College. He completed his freshman year, 1842–1843, but he did not continue with courses or graduate from Marietta College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton demonstrated an interest in medicine and learned from his cousin Robert Safford Newton, who practiced medicine in Gallipolis and was trained in the emerging field of eclectic medicine. Newton observed his cousin treating patients with eclectic methods, which influenced his decision to enroll as a medical student in fall 1843 at the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati. Newton graduated in 1845 from the Medical College of Ohio and returned to Harmar. Similar to an apprenticeship or residency, he began working alongside Seth Hart, a doctor in town. By 1850 Newton had his own medical practice in Harmar. In 1854 Newton and his family relocated to Ironton, Ohio. Newton was the eighth doctor in Ironton at that time. He had an active medical practice in downtown Ironton and frequently advertised in local newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn October 28, 1845, William married Frances Ann Hayward of Gallipolis. They had seven children during their marriage. Three of their children, Oren Hayward (1846–1858), Lewis Garland (May–October 1848), and Fanny Lillian (1857–1858), died before reaching adulthood. In 1862, when William enlisted in the Union Army, they had three children, Edward (Ned) Seymore (born 1850), Valentine Mott (born 1852), and Kate May (born 1860). Another child, John Beverly (born November 9, 1863), arrived during Newton's military service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton took immediate interest in serving the Union as a surgeon. In August 1862, volunteers from the counties of Adams, Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, and Pike organized at Ironton into five companies of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Colonel John A. Turley from Scioto County commanded the regiment with Colonel Benjamin F. Coates second in command. The Army appointed George H. Carpenter as surgeon and John B. Warwick as assistant surgeon for the 91st. Newton received his official appointment as assistant surgeon for the regiment on September 17, 1862.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry for most of the American Civil War, with only two exceptions. In October 1863 he became acting surgeon for the 2nd Virginia Cavalry and held that role until February 1864 when he returned to service as assistant surgeon of the 91st. Then, on March 18, 1865, he became surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and kept that post until he mustered out with the regiment on August 9, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs assistant surgeon Newton managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. He quartered with officers in tents and houses, and was in close contact with other soldiers, many of whom he knew because of his medical practice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough a non-combatant, Newton was part of several significant military campaigns in West Virginia and Virginia. Following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, Confederates captured Newton and other medical staff, who were then asked to operate on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins. The operation, amputation of the left arm, was successful, but Jenkins died after an attendant accidently knocked loose the ligature on a main artery. Thereafter, Newton and the other Union surgeons were sent to Libby Prison in Richmond. After three difficult days at Libby, the surgeons were released. Newton reported ill health due to the imprisonment, but he returned to active duty in July. By that time, the 91st was part of Union General Philip Sheridan's summer campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. Following the Second Battle of Kernstown, Newton and others were dismissed from military service for allegedly straggling behind after the battle. Newton was quickly reinstated following confirmed reports that he had stayed behind in a safe location to avoid capture. Thereafter, Newton managed a large field hospital to care for the many wounded following the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester) and the Battle of Cedar Creek. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1865, Newton prepared to return to Ohio as a farmer. On August 9, 1865, he mustered out of the Union Army after three years and four months of service. Instead of becoming a farmer, Newton moved to Gallipolis, opened a medical practice, and served as postmaster from 1867-1875. In 1880, Newton secured an invalid pension. He cited that his capture and brief imprisonment after the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in 1864 led to his poor health. In mid-November 1882 Newton fell ill from stomach pains. In addition to liver damage, he suffered from ulcers and other internal ailments caused by his wartime service. Newton died on Saturday, November 18, 1882, just a few months shy of his sixtieth birthday. He was buried in the Pine Street Cemetery in Gallipolis.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Smith Newton was born on February 6, 1823, near the small town of Harmer, in Washington County, Ohio. The town, now part of Marietta, was located where the Muskingum River flows into the Ohio River, with Virginia (now West Virginia) located on the other side to the south. He was the son of Oren and Elizabeth Fuller Newton. His father, Oren, was an important figure in the community and was involved in farming and the grindstone industry. His grandparents were the early Marietta-area settlers Elias and Alice Stimson Newton.","In 1839 sixteen-year-old Newton enrolled in Marietta College's Latin School, which was a preparatory school for younger students. After two years of study in the Latin School, in fall 1841 he advanced to the Marietta Academy, a preparatory school for the college. The following fall, Newton enrolled as a freshman at Marietta College. He completed his freshman year, 1842–1843, but he did not continue with courses or graduate from Marietta College.","Newton demonstrated an interest in medicine and learned from his cousin Robert Safford Newton, who practiced medicine in Gallipolis and was trained in the emerging field of eclectic medicine. Newton observed his cousin treating patients with eclectic methods, which influenced his decision to enroll as a medical student in fall 1843 at the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati. Newton graduated in 1845 from the Medical College of Ohio and returned to Harmar. Similar to an apprenticeship or residency, he began working alongside Seth Hart, a doctor in town. By 1850 Newton had his own medical practice in Harmar. In 1854 Newton and his family relocated to Ironton, Ohio. Newton was the eighth doctor in Ironton at that time. He had an active medical practice in downtown Ironton and frequently advertised in local newspapers.","On October 28, 1845, William married Frances Ann Hayward of Gallipolis. They had seven children during their marriage. Three of their children, Oren Hayward (1846–1858), Lewis Garland (May–October 1848), and Fanny Lillian (1857–1858), died before reaching adulthood. In 1862, when William enlisted in the Union Army, they had three children, Edward (Ned) Seymore (born 1850), Valentine Mott (born 1852), and Kate May (born 1860). Another child, John Beverly (born November 9, 1863), arrived during Newton's military service.","Newton took immediate interest in serving the Union as a surgeon. In August 1862, volunteers from the counties of Adams, Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, and Pike organized at Ironton into five companies of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Colonel John A. Turley from Scioto County commanded the regiment with Colonel Benjamin F. Coates second in command. The Army appointed George H. Carpenter as surgeon and John B. Warwick as assistant surgeon for the 91st. Newton received his official appointment as assistant surgeon for the regiment on September 17, 1862.","Newton served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry for most of the American Civil War, with only two exceptions. In October 1863 he became acting surgeon for the 2nd Virginia Cavalry and held that role until February 1864 when he returned to service as assistant surgeon of the 91st. Then, on March 18, 1865, he became surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and kept that post until he mustered out with the regiment on August 9, 1865.","As assistant surgeon Newton managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. He quartered with officers in tents and houses, and was in close contact with other soldiers, many of whom he knew because of his medical practice.","Although a non-combatant, Newton was part of several significant military campaigns in West Virginia and Virginia. Following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, Confederates captured Newton and other medical staff, who were then asked to operate on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins. The operation, amputation of the left arm, was successful, but Jenkins died after an attendant accidently knocked loose the ligature on a main artery. Thereafter, Newton and the other Union surgeons were sent to Libby Prison in Richmond. After three difficult days at Libby, the surgeons were released. Newton reported ill health due to the imprisonment, but he returned to active duty in July. By that time, the 91st was part of Union General Philip Sheridan's summer campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. Following the Second Battle of Kernstown, Newton and others were dismissed from military service for allegedly straggling behind after the battle. Newton was quickly reinstated following confirmed reports that he had stayed behind in a safe location to avoid capture. Thereafter, Newton managed a large field hospital to care for the many wounded following the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester) and the Battle of Cedar Creek.","By 1865, Newton prepared to return to Ohio as a farmer. On August 9, 1865, he mustered out of the Union Army after three years and four months of service. Instead of becoming a farmer, Newton moved to Gallipolis, opened a medical practice, and served as postmaster from 1867-1875. In 1880, Newton secured an invalid pension. He cited that his capture and brief imprisonment after the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in 1864 led to his poor health. In mid-November 1882 Newton fell ill from stomach pains. In addition to liver damage, he suffered from ulcers and other internal ailments caused by his wartime service. Newton died on Saturday, November 18, 1882, just a few months shy of his sixtieth birthday. He was buried in the Pine Street Cemetery in Gallipolis."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William S. Newton Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William S. Newton Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William S. Newton Papers, 1862-1879, Ms2021-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William S. Newton Papers, 1862-1879, Ms2021-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Newton Papers commenced in fall 2020 and was completed in August 2021.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Newton Papers commenced in fall 2020 and was completed in August 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of William S. Newton, documenting the American Civil War experiences of an Ohio surgeon in West Virginia and Virginia from 1862 to 1865. Arranged in four series, the collection includes Civil War correspondence, transcripts of the correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, which is the first series, consists of nearly 170 letters from Newton to his wife and children. His letters document the boredom of camp life, details of battles and skirmishes, and observations on human behavior. Newton's detailed letters cover his living quarters, the extent of southern sentiment in occupied spaces during and after the war, transportation and communication, and the comfort of a good meal. Newton reported on the destruction of the landscape, which had been stripped of anything valuable, including the wooden boards from outhouses. Noteworthy is his description of the role of African Americans in society, both as freed slaves and camp assistants. Newton makes some mention of the politics of the period, especially related to Ohio politics. He provides wartime descriptions of towns such as Charleston, Gallipolis, Fayetteville, Lewisburg, Point Pleasant, and Winchester. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton's letters express a deep interest in family affairs. In fact, two of his children, Ned and Mott, visited him in camp. During the day, while he attended to the sick and wounded, his children would fish in nearby rivers and streams for their evening meal. His letters advised on family matters such as buying and selling property back in Ohio, naming his newborn child, urging his teenage son to live an upstanding life through better penmanship, prescribing medicines to remedy illnesses in the family, and preparing a new farm for his return home. His letters convey a deep sense of loneliness, especially for his wife. Several letters include discussion of the challenges of teenage son Ned, who exhibits behavior issues. Newton pens a few letters directly to Ned to reprimand him. Newton also refers to other family and friends including six of his eight siblings, Stephen, John, Oren, Lucy, Mary Frances, and Douglas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewton reports on his work as a surgeon. He managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. Newton's letters mention taking care of soldiers whom he knew personally from his medical practice. Although a non-combatant, Newton experienced frequent skirmishes with Confederate raiders and was part of several significant military campaigns. His letters describe significant battles in West Virginia and Virginia, most notably the Second Battle of Kernstown, the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester), and the Battle of Cedar Creek. Of note, Newton's October 8, 1867, letter to Ohio Adjutant General Benjamin R. Cowen documents his most harrowing moments during the Civil War—Newton's capture by Confederates following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, his role in operating on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins, and his brief imprisonment and release from Libby Prison later that month. Other letters describe his working relationships with officers in the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, especially assistant surgeon John B. Warwick and Colonel Benjamin F. Coates. In fact, Newton purchased a farm from Coates in April 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second series includes a few letters from other Newton family members written during the Civil War. A third series includes official documents such as pension files and Newton's appointment as postmaster in Gallipolis after the war. Finally, transcripts of the letters from Newton to his wife and children make up the final series.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of William S. Newton, documenting the American Civil War experiences of an Ohio surgeon in West Virginia and Virginia from 1862 to 1865. Arranged in four series, the collection includes Civil War correspondence, transcripts of the correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton.","The bulk of the collection, which is the first series, consists of nearly 170 letters from Newton to his wife and children. His letters document the boredom of camp life, details of battles and skirmishes, and observations on human behavior. Newton's detailed letters cover his living quarters, the extent of southern sentiment in occupied spaces during and after the war, transportation and communication, and the comfort of a good meal. Newton reported on the destruction of the landscape, which had been stripped of anything valuable, including the wooden boards from outhouses. Noteworthy is his description of the role of African Americans in society, both as freed slaves and camp assistants. Newton makes some mention of the politics of the period, especially related to Ohio politics. He provides wartime descriptions of towns such as Charleston, Gallipolis, Fayetteville, Lewisburg, Point Pleasant, and Winchester.","Newton's letters express a deep interest in family affairs. In fact, two of his children, Ned and Mott, visited him in camp. During the day, while he attended to the sick and wounded, his children would fish in nearby rivers and streams for their evening meal. His letters advised on family matters such as buying and selling property back in Ohio, naming his newborn child, urging his teenage son to live an upstanding life through better penmanship, prescribing medicines to remedy illnesses in the family, and preparing a new farm for his return home. His letters convey a deep sense of loneliness, especially for his wife. Several letters include discussion of the challenges of teenage son Ned, who exhibits behavior issues. Newton pens a few letters directly to Ned to reprimand him. Newton also refers to other family and friends including six of his eight siblings, Stephen, John, Oren, Lucy, Mary Frances, and Douglas.","Newton reports on his work as a surgeon. He managed several hospitals (both in seized buildings and in the field), tended to patients, ordered supplies, arranged for the wounded to return home, and informed families of the loss of a loved one. Newton's letters mention taking care of soldiers whom he knew personally from his medical practice. Although a non-combatant, Newton experienced frequent skirmishes with Confederate raiders and was part of several significant military campaigns. His letters describe significant battles in West Virginia and Virginia, most notably the Second Battle of Kernstown, the Battle of Opequan (Third Battle of Winchester), and the Battle of Cedar Creek. Of note, Newton's October 8, 1867, letter to Ohio Adjutant General Benjamin R. Cowen documents his most harrowing moments during the Civil War—Newton's capture by Confederates following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in May 1864, his role in operating on wounded Confederate General Albert Gallatin Jenkins, and his brief imprisonment and release from Libby Prison later that month. Other letters describe his working relationships with officers in the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, especially assistant surgeon John B. Warwick and Colonel Benjamin F. Coates. In fact, Newton purchased a farm from Coates in April 1864.","The second series includes a few letters from other Newton family members written during the Civil War. A third series includes official documents such as pension files and Newton's appointment as postmaster in Gallipolis after the war. Finally, transcripts of the letters from Newton to his wife and children make up the final series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d1865b72f1530e0f5d9526e57ab14ca8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAmerican Civil War correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton, an Ohio doctor who from 1862 to 1865 served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry and surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Also includes transcripts of Newton's Civil War letters to his wife and children.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["American Civil War correspondence, official documents, and other family materials related to William S. Newton, an Ohio doctor who from 1862 to 1865 served as assistant surgeon of the 91st Ohio Volunteer Infantry and surgeon of the 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Also includes transcripts of Newton's Civil War letters to his wife and children."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Newton, William S. (William Smith), 1823-1882"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":20,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:52.074Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3546"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Moss, William S., 1839-1924","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collecon consists of papers centering on William Stephen Moss, a Confederate prisoner of war during the American Civil War. Includes an identification card, letters from Moss to his mother, a biography written by his son, and a photograph of Moss.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2340.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Moss, William Stephen, Collection","title_ssm":["William Stephen Moss Collection"],"title_tesim":["William Stephen Moss Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864"],"text":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864","Ms.2008.019","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type. Letters are arranged chronologically.","Born 12 October 1839 in Buckingham County, Virginia, William Stephen Moss became a member of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Moss served in the 4th Virginia Cavalry, Company B from Chesterfield, Virginia. Captured at Germana Ford on 19 September 1863 when scouting the Union Army, Moss was brought to Washington as a prisoner of war. Moss was quickly transferred to \"Point Lookout\" in Maryland. On 16 August 1864, Moss was again transferred to Elmira Prison in New York-a prison with a reputation for its unhealthy conditions and high rates of scurvy. On one occasion, as related in the biography of Moss written by his son, Moss attempted to escape by tunneling out of prison with common utensils; but, guards thwarted the plot. After the war, Moss opened a general store with his brother (James Knox Polk Moss) and married Cora A. Leadbetter. William Stephen Moss died in 1924.","was obtained largely from the biography of Moss found within the collection.","The guide to the William Stephen Moss Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Stephen Moss Collection commenced in March 2008 and was completed in April 2008.","The William Stephen Moss Collection includes information on the conditions of Northern prisons during the American Civil War and Moss's personal life. Letters from Washington, D.C.; Point Lookout, Maryland; and Elmira, New York stem from Moss's capture at the Germana Ford in 1863. One letter predates Moss's capture. Specifically, in these letters Moss discusses his desire for a prisoner exchange, the disinterest of authorities in prisoners, endemic sickness, and the tradability of tobacco for stamps. Many original POW covers (envelopes) are included and are marked with signed approval and original postage. Also in the collection is a biography written by Moss's son, William D. Moss, and a hand-tinted photograph of an elderly Moss with a hunting dog lounging near a tree.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collecon consists of papers centering on William Stephen Moss, a Confederate prisoner of war during the American Civil War. Includes an identification card, letters from Moss to his mother, a biography written by his son, and a photograph of Moss.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, William S., 1839-1924","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864"],"collection_ssim":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.019"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.019"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"creator_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William Stephen Moss Collection was purchased by Special Collections in 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type. Letters are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type. Letters are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn 12 October 1839 in Buckingham County, Virginia, William Stephen Moss became a member of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Moss served in the 4th Virginia Cavalry, Company B from Chesterfield, Virginia. Captured at Germana Ford on 19 September 1863 when scouting the Union Army, Moss was brought to Washington as a prisoner of war. Moss was quickly transferred to \"Point Lookout\" in Maryland. On 16 August 1864, Moss was again transferred to Elmira Prison in New York-a prison with a reputation for its unhealthy conditions and high rates of scurvy. On one occasion, as related in the biography of Moss written by his son, Moss attempted to escape by tunneling out of prison with common utensils; but, guards thwarted the plot. After the war, Moss opened a general store with his brother (James Knox Polk Moss) and married Cora A. Leadbetter. William Stephen Moss died in 1924. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewas obtained largely from the biography of Moss found within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born 12 October 1839 in Buckingham County, Virginia, William Stephen Moss became a member of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Moss served in the 4th Virginia Cavalry, Company B from Chesterfield, Virginia. Captured at Germana Ford on 19 September 1863 when scouting the Union Army, Moss was brought to Washington as a prisoner of war. Moss was quickly transferred to \"Point Lookout\" in Maryland. On 16 August 1864, Moss was again transferred to Elmira Prison in New York-a prison with a reputation for its unhealthy conditions and high rates of scurvy. On one occasion, as related in the biography of Moss written by his son, Moss attempted to escape by tunneling out of prison with common utensils; but, guards thwarted the plot. After the war, Moss opened a general store with his brother (James Knox Polk Moss) and married Cora A. Leadbetter. William Stephen Moss died in 1924.","was obtained largely from the biography of Moss found within the collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William Stephen Moss Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William Stephen Moss Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Stephen Moss Collection, Ms2008-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Stephen Moss Collection, Ms2008-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William Stephen Moss Collection commenced in March 2008 and was completed in April 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Stephen Moss Collection commenced in March 2008 and was completed in April 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Stephen Moss Collection includes information on the conditions of Northern prisons during the American Civil War and Moss's personal life. Letters from Washington, D.C.; Point Lookout, Maryland; and Elmira, New York stem from Moss's capture at the Germana Ford in 1863. One letter predates Moss's capture. Specifically, in these letters Moss discusses his desire for a prisoner exchange, the disinterest of authorities in prisoners, endemic sickness, and the tradability of tobacco for stamps. Many original POW covers (envelopes) are included and are marked with signed approval and original postage. Also in the collection is a biography written by Moss's son, William D. Moss, and a hand-tinted photograph of an elderly Moss with a hunting dog lounging near a tree.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The William Stephen Moss Collection includes information on the conditions of Northern prisons during the American Civil War and Moss's personal life. Letters from Washington, D.C.; Point Lookout, Maryland; and Elmira, New York stem from Moss's capture at the Germana Ford in 1863. One letter predates Moss's capture. Specifically, in these letters Moss discusses his desire for a prisoner exchange, the disinterest of authorities in prisoners, endemic sickness, and the tradability of tobacco for stamps. Many original POW covers (envelopes) are included and are marked with signed approval and original postage. Also in the collection is a biography written by Moss's son, William D. Moss, and a hand-tinted photograph of an elderly Moss with a hunting dog lounging near a tree."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7f18ee8a5160d29bdf52c4fb53376c28\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collecon consists of papers centering on William Stephen Moss, a Confederate prisoner of war during the American Civil War. Includes an identification card, letters from Moss to his mother, a biography written by his son, and a photograph of Moss.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collecon consists of papers centering on William Stephen Moss, a Confederate prisoner of war during the American Civil War. Includes an identification card, letters from Moss to his mother, a biography written by his son, and a photograph of Moss."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":10,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2340.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Moss, William Stephen, Collection","title_ssm":["William Stephen Moss Collection"],"title_tesim":["William Stephen Moss Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864"],"text":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864","Ms.2008.019","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type. Letters are arranged chronologically.","Born 12 October 1839 in Buckingham County, Virginia, William Stephen Moss became a member of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Moss served in the 4th Virginia Cavalry, Company B from Chesterfield, Virginia. Captured at Germana Ford on 19 September 1863 when scouting the Union Army, Moss was brought to Washington as a prisoner of war. Moss was quickly transferred to \"Point Lookout\" in Maryland. On 16 August 1864, Moss was again transferred to Elmira Prison in New York-a prison with a reputation for its unhealthy conditions and high rates of scurvy. On one occasion, as related in the biography of Moss written by his son, Moss attempted to escape by tunneling out of prison with common utensils; but, guards thwarted the plot. After the war, Moss opened a general store with his brother (James Knox Polk Moss) and married Cora A. Leadbetter. William Stephen Moss died in 1924.","was obtained largely from the biography of Moss found within the collection.","The guide to the William Stephen Moss Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Stephen Moss Collection commenced in March 2008 and was completed in April 2008.","The William Stephen Moss Collection includes information on the conditions of Northern prisons during the American Civil War and Moss's personal life. Letters from Washington, D.C.; Point Lookout, Maryland; and Elmira, New York stem from Moss's capture at the Germana Ford in 1863. One letter predates Moss's capture. Specifically, in these letters Moss discusses his desire for a prisoner exchange, the disinterest of authorities in prisoners, endemic sickness, and the tradability of tobacco for stamps. Many original POW covers (envelopes) are included and are marked with signed approval and original postage. Also in the collection is a biography written by Moss's son, William D. Moss, and a hand-tinted photograph of an elderly Moss with a hunting dog lounging near a tree.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collecon consists of papers centering on William Stephen Moss, a Confederate prisoner of war during the American Civil War. Includes an identification card, letters from Moss to his mother, a biography written by his son, and a photograph of Moss.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, William S., 1839-1924","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864"],"collection_ssim":["William Stephen Moss Collection, 1863/1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.019"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.019"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"creator_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William Stephen Moss Collection was purchased by Special Collections in 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type. Letters are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type. Letters are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn 12 October 1839 in Buckingham County, Virginia, William Stephen Moss became a member of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Moss served in the 4th Virginia Cavalry, Company B from Chesterfield, Virginia. Captured at Germana Ford on 19 September 1863 when scouting the Union Army, Moss was brought to Washington as a prisoner of war. Moss was quickly transferred to \"Point Lookout\" in Maryland. On 16 August 1864, Moss was again transferred to Elmira Prison in New York-a prison with a reputation for its unhealthy conditions and high rates of scurvy. On one occasion, as related in the biography of Moss written by his son, Moss attempted to escape by tunneling out of prison with common utensils; but, guards thwarted the plot. After the war, Moss opened a general store with his brother (James Knox Polk Moss) and married Cora A. Leadbetter. William Stephen Moss died in 1924. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewas obtained largely from the biography of Moss found within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born 12 October 1839 in Buckingham County, Virginia, William Stephen Moss became a member of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Moss served in the 4th Virginia Cavalry, Company B from Chesterfield, Virginia. Captured at Germana Ford on 19 September 1863 when scouting the Union Army, Moss was brought to Washington as a prisoner of war. Moss was quickly transferred to \"Point Lookout\" in Maryland. On 16 August 1864, Moss was again transferred to Elmira Prison in New York-a prison with a reputation for its unhealthy conditions and high rates of scurvy. On one occasion, as related in the biography of Moss written by his son, Moss attempted to escape by tunneling out of prison with common utensils; but, guards thwarted the plot. After the war, Moss opened a general store with his brother (James Knox Polk Moss) and married Cora A. Leadbetter. William Stephen Moss died in 1924.","was obtained largely from the biography of Moss found within the collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William Stephen Moss Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William Stephen Moss Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Stephen Moss Collection, Ms2008-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Stephen Moss Collection, Ms2008-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William Stephen Moss Collection commenced in March 2008 and was completed in April 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Stephen Moss Collection commenced in March 2008 and was completed in April 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Stephen Moss Collection includes information on the conditions of Northern prisons during the American Civil War and Moss's personal life. Letters from Washington, D.C.; Point Lookout, Maryland; and Elmira, New York stem from Moss's capture at the Germana Ford in 1863. One letter predates Moss's capture. Specifically, in these letters Moss discusses his desire for a prisoner exchange, the disinterest of authorities in prisoners, endemic sickness, and the tradability of tobacco for stamps. Many original POW covers (envelopes) are included and are marked with signed approval and original postage. Also in the collection is a biography written by Moss's son, William D. Moss, and a hand-tinted photograph of an elderly Moss with a hunting dog lounging near a tree.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The William Stephen Moss Collection includes information on the conditions of Northern prisons during the American Civil War and Moss's personal life. Letters from Washington, D.C.; Point Lookout, Maryland; and Elmira, New York stem from Moss's capture at the Germana Ford in 1863. One letter predates Moss's capture. Specifically, in these letters Moss discusses his desire for a prisoner exchange, the disinterest of authorities in prisoners, endemic sickness, and the tradability of tobacco for stamps. Many original POW covers (envelopes) are included and are marked with signed approval and original postage. Also in the collection is a biography written by Moss's son, William D. Moss, and a hand-tinted photograph of an elderly Moss with a hunting dog lounging near a tree."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7f18ee8a5160d29bdf52c4fb53376c28\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collecon consists of papers centering on William Stephen Moss, a Confederate prisoner of war during the American Civil War. Includes an identification card, letters from Moss to his mother, a biography written by his son, and a photograph of Moss.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collecon consists of papers centering on William Stephen Moss, a Confederate prisoner of war during the American Civil War. Includes an identification card, letters from Moss to his mother, a biography written by his son, and a photograph of Moss."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moss, William S., 1839-1924"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":10,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2340"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William S. Tippett Letter, 1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Tippett, William S. , b. 1836","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of a single letter from Sgt William S. Tippett to his wife, Maggie. Written from a parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, the letter opens with Tippett's comments on news from home. A majority of the letter, however,details his stay in Belle Island prison (Richmond) from September 1863 until early March 1864. In particular, he describes the food (or lack of) and the poor conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2900.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Tippett, William S. Letter","title_ssm":["William S. Tippett Letter"],"title_tesim":["William S. Tippett Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864"],"text":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864","Ms.2013.060","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","History of Food and Drink","Civil War","Collection is open for research.","William Tippett was born about 1836. Family records suggest he may have been born in Baltimore, MD, while enlistment records suggest he may have been born in Bath County, VA.  Prior to the Civil War, he worked as a painter. Tippett enlisted with Company I, 1st West Virginia Infantry in October 1861. He was wounded at Winchester in March 1862; promoted in November 1862; captured at Moorefield, VA, in September 1863; a POW at Belle Island until March 1864; and at parole camp in MD until May 1864.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Tippett Letter was completed in December 2013.","The Library of Virginia is home to six diaries kept by William S. Tippett from 1861-1864. See website for more details.","The collection consists of a single letter from Sgt William S. Tippett to his wife, Maggie. Written from a parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, the letter opens with Tippett's comments on news from home. A majority of the letter, however,details his stay in Belle Island prison (Richmond) from September 1863 until early March 1864. In particular, he describes the food (or lack of) and the poor conditions.","Permission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tippett, William S. , b. 1836","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.060"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.060"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"creator_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William S. Tippett Letter was purchased by Special Collections in May 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","History of Food and Drink","Civil War"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","History of Food and Drink","Civil War"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Tippett was born about 1836. Family records suggest he may have been born in Baltimore, MD, while enlistment records suggest he may have been born in Bath County, VA.  Prior to the Civil War, he worked as a painter. Tippett enlisted with Company I, 1st West Virginia Infantry in October 1861. He was wounded at Winchester in March 1862; promoted in November 1862; captured at Moorefield, VA, in September 1863; a POW at Belle Island until March 1864; and at parole camp in MD until May 1864.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Tippett was born about 1836. Family records suggest he may have been born in Baltimore, MD, while enlistment records suggest he may have been born in Bath County, VA.  Prior to the Civil War, he worked as a painter. Tippett enlisted with Company I, 1st West Virginia Infantry in October 1861. He was wounded at Winchester in March 1862; promoted in November 1862; captured at Moorefield, VA, in September 1863; a POW at Belle Island until March 1864; and at parole camp in MD until May 1864."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William S. Tippett Letter, Ms2013-060, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William S. Tippett Letter, Ms2013-060, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Tippett Letter was completed in December 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Tippett Letter was completed in December 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Virginia is home to six diaries kept by William S. Tippett from 1861-1864. See \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/guides/Civil-War/Soldiers.htm\" show=\"new\"\u003ewebsite\u003c/extref\u003e for more details.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Library of Virginia is home to six diaries kept by William S. Tippett from 1861-1864. See website for more details."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of a single letter from Sgt William S. Tippett to his wife, Maggie. Written from a parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, the letter opens with Tippett's comments on news from home. A majority of the letter, however,details his stay in Belle Island prison (Richmond) from September 1863 until early March 1864. In particular, he describes the food (or lack of) and the poor conditions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of a single letter from Sgt William S. Tippett to his wife, Maggie. Written from a parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, the letter opens with Tippett's comments on news from home. A majority of the letter, however,details his stay in Belle Island prison (Richmond) from September 1863 until early March 1864. In particular, he describes the food (or lack of) and the poor conditions."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2900.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Tippett, William S. Letter","title_ssm":["William S. Tippett Letter"],"title_tesim":["William S. Tippett Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864"],"text":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864","Ms.2013.060","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","History of Food and Drink","Civil War","Collection is open for research.","William Tippett was born about 1836. Family records suggest he may have been born in Baltimore, MD, while enlistment records suggest he may have been born in Bath County, VA.  Prior to the Civil War, he worked as a painter. Tippett enlisted with Company I, 1st West Virginia Infantry in October 1861. He was wounded at Winchester in March 1862; promoted in November 1862; captured at Moorefield, VA, in September 1863; a POW at Belle Island until March 1864; and at parole camp in MD until May 1864.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Tippett Letter was completed in December 2013.","The Library of Virginia is home to six diaries kept by William S. Tippett from 1861-1864. See website for more details.","The collection consists of a single letter from Sgt William S. Tippett to his wife, Maggie. Written from a parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, the letter opens with Tippett's comments on news from home. A majority of the letter, however,details his stay in Belle Island prison (Richmond) from September 1863 until early March 1864. In particular, he describes the food (or lack of) and the poor conditions.","Permission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tippett, William S. , b. 1836","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["William S. Tippett Letter, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.060"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.060"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"creator_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William S. Tippett Letter was purchased by Special Collections in May 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","History of Food and Drink","Civil War"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","History of Food and Drink","Civil War"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Tippett was born about 1836. Family records suggest he may have been born in Baltimore, MD, while enlistment records suggest he may have been born in Bath County, VA.  Prior to the Civil War, he worked as a painter. Tippett enlisted with Company I, 1st West Virginia Infantry in October 1861. He was wounded at Winchester in March 1862; promoted in November 1862; captured at Moorefield, VA, in September 1863; a POW at Belle Island until March 1864; and at parole camp in MD until May 1864.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Tippett was born about 1836. Family records suggest he may have been born in Baltimore, MD, while enlistment records suggest he may have been born in Bath County, VA.  Prior to the Civil War, he worked as a painter. Tippett enlisted with Company I, 1st West Virginia Infantry in October 1861. He was wounded at Winchester in March 1862; promoted in November 1862; captured at Moorefield, VA, in September 1863; a POW at Belle Island until March 1864; and at parole camp in MD until May 1864."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William S. Tippett Letter, Ms2013-060, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William S. Tippett Letter, Ms2013-060, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Tippett Letter was completed in December 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William S. Tippett Letter was completed in December 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Virginia is home to six diaries kept by William S. Tippett from 1861-1864. See \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/guides/Civil-War/Soldiers.htm\" show=\"new\"\u003ewebsite\u003c/extref\u003e for more details.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Library of Virginia is home to six diaries kept by William S. Tippett from 1861-1864. See website for more details."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of a single letter from Sgt William S. Tippett to his wife, Maggie. Written from a parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, the letter opens with Tippett's comments on news from home. A majority of the letter, however,details his stay in Belle Island prison (Richmond) from September 1863 until early March 1864. In particular, he describes the food (or lack of) and the poor conditions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of a single letter from Sgt William S. Tippett to his wife, Maggie. Written from a parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, the letter opens with Tippett's comments on news from home. A majority of the letter, however,details his stay in Belle Island prison (Richmond) from September 1863 until early March 1864. In particular, he describes the food (or lack of) and the poor conditions."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from William S. Tippett Letter must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tippett, William S. , b. 1836"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2900"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Tinkle, William W.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letter from William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War, written to Captain J. M. Jones from the war front near Petersburg, Virginia, on July 10, 1864, describing conditions on the front and including a list of his company's casualties during the previous 11 weeks.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1675.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Tinkle, William W. Letter","title_ssm":["William W. Tinkle Letter"],"title_tesim":["William W. Tinkle Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864"],"text":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864","Ms.1989.048","Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","William W. Tinkle was born in Johnson County, Indiana on May 7, 1841. Tinkle enlisted as a private in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry on September 13, 1861. He was promoted to corporal on July 14, 1862. On September 20, 1864, he transferred to Company G, 20th Infantry and was promoted to sergeant on January 1, 1865. He was discharged at Indianapolis on May 31, 1865. Following the war, Tinkle moved to Pueblo, Colorado, where he married Tentie Burrel. The Tinkles moved to Woodburn (Marion County), Oregon, ca. 1904. William W. Tinkle died in Marion County on September 1, 1917, and was buried in Belle Passi Cemetery, Woodburn.","The guide to the William W. Tinkle Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the William W. Tinkle Letter commenced and was completed in February 2022.","This collection consists of a single letter written by William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War. The letter was written to Captain J. M. Jones from the front near Petersburg, Virginia on July 10, 1864. After providing \"a list of all the killd wounded and mising Axcept a few that was slitly wounded ...\" from Company F during the previous 11 weeks, Tinkle describes the company's movements and battle engagements since May 4. He mentions a temporary truce on his section of the front and fighting between pickets and artillery in other sections. He then describes conditions in the breastworks (\"It is very fatiguable lying in the ditches all the time and the heat makes it all most suffocating ...\") and the beauty he finds in the midst of battle (\"It is a nice show at night to see the artilery and Mortars work th[r]ow their shell in rain bow fashion leaving a long tail of fire behind ... I love to set and watch the pickets fi[r]e it is flash flash like so many fire flies ...\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letter from William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War, written to Captain J. M. Jones from the war front near Petersburg, Virginia, on July 10, 1864, describing conditions on the front and including a list of his company's casualties during the previous 11 weeks.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tinkle, William W.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1989.048"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1989.048"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Tinkle, William W."],"creator_ssim":["Tinkle, William W."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tinkle, William W."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Tinkle, William W.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William W. Tinkle Letter was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1989."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam W. Tinkle was born in Johnson County, Indiana on May 7, 1841. Tinkle enlisted as a private in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry on September 13, 1861. He was promoted to corporal on July 14, 1862. On September 20, 1864, he transferred to Company G, 20th Infantry and was promoted to sergeant on January 1, 1865. He was discharged at Indianapolis on May 31, 1865. Following the war, Tinkle moved to Pueblo, Colorado, where he married Tentie Burrel. The Tinkles moved to Woodburn (Marion County), Oregon, ca. 1904. William W. Tinkle died in Marion County on September 1, 1917, and was buried in Belle Passi Cemetery, Woodburn.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William W. Tinkle was born in Johnson County, Indiana on May 7, 1841. Tinkle enlisted as a private in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry on September 13, 1861. He was promoted to corporal on July 14, 1862. On September 20, 1864, he transferred to Company G, 20th Infantry and was promoted to sergeant on January 1, 1865. He was discharged at Indianapolis on May 31, 1865. Following the war, Tinkle moved to Pueblo, Colorado, where he married Tentie Burrel. The Tinkles moved to Woodburn (Marion County), Oregon, ca. 1904. William W. Tinkle died in Marion County on September 1, 1917, and was buried in Belle Passi Cemetery, Woodburn."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William W. Tinkle Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William W. Tinkle Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Tinkle Letter, Ms1989-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Tinkle Letter, Ms1989-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the William W. Tinkle Letter commenced and was completed in February 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the William W. Tinkle Letter commenced and was completed in February 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single letter written by William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War. The letter was written to Captain J. M. Jones from the front near Petersburg, Virginia on July 10, 1864. After providing \"a list of all the killd wounded and mising Axcept a few that was slitly wounded ...\" from Company F during the previous 11 weeks, Tinkle describes the company's movements and battle engagements since May 4. He mentions a temporary truce on his section of the front and fighting between pickets and artillery in other sections. He then describes conditions in the breastworks (\"It is very fatiguable lying in the ditches all the time and the heat makes it all most suffocating ...\") and the beauty he finds in the midst of battle (\"It is a nice show at night to see the artilery and Mortars work th[r]ow their shell in rain bow fashion leaving a long tail of fire behind ... I love to set and watch the pickets fi[r]e it is flash flash like so many fire flies ...\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single letter written by William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War. The letter was written to Captain J. M. Jones from the front near Petersburg, Virginia on July 10, 1864. After providing \"a list of all the killd wounded and mising Axcept a few that was slitly wounded ...\" from Company F during the previous 11 weeks, Tinkle describes the company's movements and battle engagements since May 4. He mentions a temporary truce on his section of the front and fighting between pickets and artillery in other sections. He then describes conditions in the breastworks (\"It is very fatiguable lying in the ditches all the time and the heat makes it all most suffocating ...\") and the beauty he finds in the midst of battle (\"It is a nice show at night to see the artilery and Mortars work th[r]ow their shell in rain bow fashion leaving a long tail of fire behind ... I love to set and watch the pickets fi[r]e it is flash flash like so many fire flies ...\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0ea2b156caba82f815e23a82b8c2af99\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLetter from William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War, written to Captain J. M. Jones from the war front near Petersburg, Virginia, on July 10, 1864, describing conditions on the front and including a list of his company's casualties during the previous 11 weeks.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letter from William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War, written to Captain J. M. Jones from the war front near Petersburg, Virginia, on July 10, 1864, describing conditions on the front and including a list of his company's casualties during the previous 11 weeks."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Tinkle, William W."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tinkle, William W."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:47.882Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1675.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Tinkle, William W. Letter","title_ssm":["William W. Tinkle Letter"],"title_tesim":["William W. Tinkle Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864"],"text":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864","Ms.1989.048","Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","William W. Tinkle was born in Johnson County, Indiana on May 7, 1841. Tinkle enlisted as a private in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry on September 13, 1861. He was promoted to corporal on July 14, 1862. On September 20, 1864, he transferred to Company G, 20th Infantry and was promoted to sergeant on January 1, 1865. He was discharged at Indianapolis on May 31, 1865. Following the war, Tinkle moved to Pueblo, Colorado, where he married Tentie Burrel. The Tinkles moved to Woodburn (Marion County), Oregon, ca. 1904. William W. Tinkle died in Marion County on September 1, 1917, and was buried in Belle Passi Cemetery, Woodburn.","The guide to the William W. Tinkle Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the William W. Tinkle Letter commenced and was completed in February 2022.","This collection consists of a single letter written by William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War. The letter was written to Captain J. M. Jones from the front near Petersburg, Virginia on July 10, 1864. After providing \"a list of all the killd wounded and mising Axcept a few that was slitly wounded ...\" from Company F during the previous 11 weeks, Tinkle describes the company's movements and battle engagements since May 4. He mentions a temporary truce on his section of the front and fighting between pickets and artillery in other sections. He then describes conditions in the breastworks (\"It is very fatiguable lying in the ditches all the time and the heat makes it all most suffocating ...\") and the beauty he finds in the midst of battle (\"It is a nice show at night to see the artilery and Mortars work th[r]ow their shell in rain bow fashion leaving a long tail of fire behind ... I love to set and watch the pickets fi[r]e it is flash flash like so many fire flies ...\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letter from William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War, written to Captain J. M. Jones from the war front near Petersburg, Virginia, on July 10, 1864, describing conditions on the front and including a list of his company's casualties during the previous 11 weeks.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tinkle, William W.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["William W. Tinkle Letter, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1989.048"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1989.048"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Tinkle, William W."],"creator_ssim":["Tinkle, William W."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tinkle, William W."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Tinkle, William W.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William W. Tinkle Letter was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1989."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam W. Tinkle was born in Johnson County, Indiana on May 7, 1841. Tinkle enlisted as a private in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry on September 13, 1861. He was promoted to corporal on July 14, 1862. On September 20, 1864, he transferred to Company G, 20th Infantry and was promoted to sergeant on January 1, 1865. He was discharged at Indianapolis on May 31, 1865. Following the war, Tinkle moved to Pueblo, Colorado, where he married Tentie Burrel. The Tinkles moved to Woodburn (Marion County), Oregon, ca. 1904. William W. Tinkle died in Marion County on September 1, 1917, and was buried in Belle Passi Cemetery, Woodburn.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William W. Tinkle was born in Johnson County, Indiana on May 7, 1841. Tinkle enlisted as a private in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry on September 13, 1861. He was promoted to corporal on July 14, 1862. On September 20, 1864, he transferred to Company G, 20th Infantry and was promoted to sergeant on January 1, 1865. He was discharged at Indianapolis on May 31, 1865. Following the war, Tinkle moved to Pueblo, Colorado, where he married Tentie Burrel. The Tinkles moved to Woodburn (Marion County), Oregon, ca. 1904. William W. Tinkle died in Marion County on September 1, 1917, and was buried in Belle Passi Cemetery, Woodburn."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William W. Tinkle Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William W. Tinkle Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Tinkle Letter, Ms1989-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Tinkle Letter, Ms1989-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the William W. Tinkle Letter commenced and was completed in February 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the William W. Tinkle Letter commenced and was completed in February 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a single letter written by William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War. The letter was written to Captain J. M. Jones from the front near Petersburg, Virginia on July 10, 1864. After providing \"a list of all the killd wounded and mising Axcept a few that was slitly wounded ...\" from Company F during the previous 11 weeks, Tinkle describes the company's movements and battle engagements since May 4. He mentions a temporary truce on his section of the front and fighting between pickets and artillery in other sections. He then describes conditions in the breastworks (\"It is very fatiguable lying in the ditches all the time and the heat makes it all most suffocating ...\") and the beauty he finds in the midst of battle (\"It is a nice show at night to see the artilery and Mortars work th[r]ow their shell in rain bow fashion leaving a long tail of fire behind ... I love to set and watch the pickets fi[r]e it is flash flash like so many fire flies ...\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a single letter written by William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War. The letter was written to Captain J. M. Jones from the front near Petersburg, Virginia on July 10, 1864. After providing \"a list of all the killd wounded and mising Axcept a few that was slitly wounded ...\" from Company F during the previous 11 weeks, Tinkle describes the company's movements and battle engagements since May 4. He mentions a temporary truce on his section of the front and fighting between pickets and artillery in other sections. He then describes conditions in the breastworks (\"It is very fatiguable lying in the ditches all the time and the heat makes it all most suffocating ...\") and the beauty he finds in the midst of battle (\"It is a nice show at night to see the artilery and Mortars work th[r]ow their shell in rain bow fashion leaving a long tail of fire behind ... I love to set and watch the pickets fi[r]e it is flash flash like so many fire flies ...\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0ea2b156caba82f815e23a82b8c2af99\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLetter from William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War, written to Captain J. M. Jones from the war front near Petersburg, Virginia, on July 10, 1864, describing conditions on the front and including a list of his company's casualties during the previous 11 weeks.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letter from William W. Tinkle, serving in Company F, 7th Indiana Infantry during the American Civil War, written to Captain J. M. Jones from the war front near Petersburg, Virginia, on July 10, 1864, describing conditions on the front and including a list of his company's casualties during the previous 11 weeks."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Tinkle, William W."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Tinkle, William W."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:47.882Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1675"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of a Babcock's diary from 1864. Entries detail camp life throughout parts of Virginia, the siege at Petersburg, and his experiences with guard, orderly, and police duties. Babcock served with the 10\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2548.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Babcock, Willis A., Diary","title_ssm":["Willis A. Babcock Diary"],"title_tesim":["Willis A. Babcock Diary"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864"],"text":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864","Ms.2009.129","Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","During the American Civil War, Willis A. Babcock enlisted as a Union private with Company B of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery on December 8, 1862 (he notes his 19-month anniversary in his diary on March 8, 1864). He was probably born around 1840 and was living in Adams, Jefferson County, New York, prior to the Civil War. During November and December of 1864, Babcock was on a furlough which was extended from its initial 12 days to an additional 18 days. He spent it at home in New York. The memorandum section of the diary notes extended furlough pay in December. He appears to have mustered out as a corporal, but it is unclear if this occurred with the regiment or prior to the end of the war. There is no information about his life after the war.","The various companies of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery of the Union Army were formed during the fall and winter of 1862 during the American Civil War. By June of 1863 the entire regiment was stationed in Washington, D.C. The regiment remained there until May 1864, when it moved to Cold Harbor, Virginia. The unit fought at a number of significant battles in Virginia, including Cold Harbor, a portion of the Petersburg campaign, and Cedar Creek in the Shenandoah Valley. In December 1864, the regiment moved again and was stationed at Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, until joining the Appomattox Campaign in March 1865, and the final battle at Petersburg in April. The 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery mustered out in June of 1865.","The guide to the Willis A. Babcock Diary by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Willis A. Babcock Diary commenced and was completed in October 2009.","Willis A. Babcock's American Civil War diary begins near Washington, D.C., where his company had been since June 1863. While at Fort Carroll, his entries largely contain descriptions of his duties in camp (drills and guard, police, or orderly duties), as well as rare sight-seeing trips in the city. He occasionally mentions his meals, recording one day in March where he had roast turkey for dinner--several of his friends caught seven turkeys the previous day. Like many soldiers, Babcock frequently records the weather in his diary. In May of 1864, the artillery unit moved to Fort Willard, Virginia. For most of that month, Babcock's diary continues to record picket and guard duties, as well as inspections and dress parades. On May 27, the regiment marched to Washington and loaded on to boats headed down the Potomac River. He spent several days on board the U.S. Transport Jefferson before marching from Port Royal to Bowling Green, Virginia.","In early June, the regiment was encamped at General Burnside's Headquarters near Cold Harbor, Virginia. On June 5, 1864, Babcock writes they were being shelled, which resulting in the \"killing [of] one man from Co. K....+ one from Co. M. was wounded. this is the first time we have been under fire.\" He records several days of shelling before moving toward Petersburg. For most of June, July, and into August, Babcock's diary includes lengthy entries of his experiences from the rifle pits in Petersburg, as well as camp life. On July 30, he writes \"losses very heavy on both sides our men occupy the same ground they did this morning. a total failure on our side.\" By mid-August, the 10th New York Heavy Artillery was camped at Fort Whipple, in Arlington, Virginia.","In early September, Babcock's entries find him increasingly ill and excused from duty. The regiment left for the Shenandaoh Valley in October and on October 8, Babcock writes, \"slept in Hospital to night for the first time since I have been a soldier.\" He was transferred from Alexandria to Lincoln Hospital in Washington, D.C., where he remained until November. His entries for October are very brief. From November 6 to the end of the year, Babcock's diary is about his activities at home while on furlough.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of a Babcock's diary from 1864. Entries detail camp life throughout parts of Virginia, the siege at Petersburg, and his experiences with guard, orderly, and police duties. Babcock served with the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.129"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.129"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"creator_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Willis A. Babcock Diary was purchased by Special Collections in September 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War, Willis A. Babcock enlisted as a Union private with Company B of the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery on December 8, 1862 (he notes his 19-month anniversary in his diary on March 8, 1864). He was probably born around 1840 and was living in Adams, Jefferson County, New York, prior to the Civil War. During November and December of 1864, Babcock was on a furlough which was extended from its initial 12 days to an additional 18 days. He spent it at home in New York. The memorandum section of the diary notes extended furlough pay in December. He appears to have mustered out as a corporal, but it is unclear if this occurred with the regiment or prior to the end of the war. There is no information about his life after the war.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe various companies of the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery of the Union Army were formed during the fall and winter of 1862 during the American Civil War. By June of 1863 the entire regiment was stationed in Washington, D.C. The regiment remained there until May 1864, when it moved to Cold Harbor, Virginia. The unit fought at a number of significant battles in Virginia, including Cold Harbor, a portion of the Petersburg campaign, and Cedar Creek in the Shenandoah Valley. In December 1864, the regiment moved again and was stationed at Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, until joining the Appomattox Campaign in March 1865, and the final battle at Petersburg in April. The 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery mustered out in June of 1865.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the American Civil War, Willis A. Babcock enlisted as a Union private with Company B of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery on December 8, 1862 (he notes his 19-month anniversary in his diary on March 8, 1864). He was probably born around 1840 and was living in Adams, Jefferson County, New York, prior to the Civil War. During November and December of 1864, Babcock was on a furlough which was extended from its initial 12 days to an additional 18 days. He spent it at home in New York. The memorandum section of the diary notes extended furlough pay in December. He appears to have mustered out as a corporal, but it is unclear if this occurred with the regiment or prior to the end of the war. There is no information about his life after the war.","The various companies of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery of the Union Army were formed during the fall and winter of 1862 during the American Civil War. By June of 1863 the entire regiment was stationed in Washington, D.C. The regiment remained there until May 1864, when it moved to Cold Harbor, Virginia. The unit fought at a number of significant battles in Virginia, including Cold Harbor, a portion of the Petersburg campaign, and Cedar Creek in the Shenandoah Valley. In December 1864, the regiment moved again and was stationed at Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, until joining the Appomattox Campaign in March 1865, and the final battle at Petersburg in April. The 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery mustered out in June of 1865."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Willis A. Babcock Diary by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Willis A. Babcock Diary by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Willis A. Babcock Diary, Ms2009-129, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Willis A. Babcock Diary, Ms2009-129, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Willis A. Babcock Diary commenced and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Willis A. Babcock Diary commenced and was completed in October 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillis A. Babcock's American Civil War diary begins near Washington, D.C., where his company had been since June 1863. While at Fort Carroll, his entries largely contain descriptions of his duties in camp (drills and guard, police, or orderly duties), as well as rare sight-seeing trips in the city. He occasionally mentions his meals, recording one day in March where he had roast turkey for dinner--several of his friends caught seven turkeys the previous day. Like many soldiers, Babcock frequently records the weather in his diary. In May of 1864, the artillery unit moved to Fort Willard, Virginia. For most of that month, Babcock's diary continues to record picket and guard duties, as well as inspections and dress parades. On May 27, the regiment marched to Washington and loaded on to boats headed down the Potomac River. He spent several days on board the U.S. Transport \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJefferson\u003c/emph\u003e before marching from Port Royal to Bowling Green, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn early June, the regiment was encamped at General Burnside's Headquarters near Cold Harbor, Virginia. On June 5, 1864, Babcock writes they were being shelled, which resulting in the \"killing [of] one man from Co. K....+ one from Co. M. was wounded. this is the first time we have been under fire.\" He records several days of shelling before moving toward Petersburg. For most of June, July, and into August, Babcock's diary includes lengthy entries of his experiences from the rifle pits in Petersburg, as well as camp life. On July 30, he writes \"losses very heavy on both sides our men occupy the same ground they did this morning. a total failure on our side.\" By mid-August, the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e New York Heavy Artillery was camped at Fort Whipple, in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn early September, Babcock's entries find him increasingly ill and excused from duty. The regiment left for the Shenandaoh Valley in October and on October 8, Babcock writes, \"slept in Hospital to night for the first time since I have been a soldier.\" He was transferred from Alexandria to Lincoln Hospital in Washington, D.C., where he remained until November. His entries for October are very brief. From November 6 to the end of the year, Babcock's diary is about his activities at home while on furlough.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Willis A. Babcock's American Civil War diary begins near Washington, D.C., where his company had been since June 1863. While at Fort Carroll, his entries largely contain descriptions of his duties in camp (drills and guard, police, or orderly duties), as well as rare sight-seeing trips in the city. He occasionally mentions his meals, recording one day in March where he had roast turkey for dinner--several of his friends caught seven turkeys the previous day. Like many soldiers, Babcock frequently records the weather in his diary. In May of 1864, the artillery unit moved to Fort Willard, Virginia. For most of that month, Babcock's diary continues to record picket and guard duties, as well as inspections and dress parades. On May 27, the regiment marched to Washington and loaded on to boats headed down the Potomac River. He spent several days on board the U.S. Transport Jefferson before marching from Port Royal to Bowling Green, Virginia.","In early June, the regiment was encamped at General Burnside's Headquarters near Cold Harbor, Virginia. On June 5, 1864, Babcock writes they were being shelled, which resulting in the \"killing [of] one man from Co. K....+ one from Co. M. was wounded. this is the first time we have been under fire.\" He records several days of shelling before moving toward Petersburg. For most of June, July, and into August, Babcock's diary includes lengthy entries of his experiences from the rifle pits in Petersburg, as well as camp life. On July 30, he writes \"losses very heavy on both sides our men occupy the same ground they did this morning. a total failure on our side.\" By mid-August, the 10th New York Heavy Artillery was camped at Fort Whipple, in Arlington, Virginia.","In early September, Babcock's entries find him increasingly ill and excused from duty. The regiment left for the Shenandaoh Valley in October and on October 8, Babcock writes, \"slept in Hospital to night for the first time since I have been a soldier.\" He was transferred from Alexandria to Lincoln Hospital in Washington, D.C., where he remained until November. His entries for October are very brief. From November 6 to the end of the year, Babcock's diary is about his activities at home while on furlough."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_667d6cf03c2ed44e253c0827726401bd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of a Babcock's diary from 1864. Entries detail camp life throughout parts of Virginia, the siege at Petersburg, and his experiences with guard, orderly, and police duties. Babcock served with the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of a Babcock's diary from 1864. Entries detail camp life throughout parts of Virginia, the siege at Petersburg, and his experiences with guard, orderly, and police duties. Babcock served with the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2548.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Babcock, Willis A., Diary","title_ssm":["Willis A. Babcock Diary"],"title_tesim":["Willis A. Babcock Diary"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864"],"text":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864","Ms.2009.129","Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","During the American Civil War, Willis A. Babcock enlisted as a Union private with Company B of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery on December 8, 1862 (he notes his 19-month anniversary in his diary on March 8, 1864). He was probably born around 1840 and was living in Adams, Jefferson County, New York, prior to the Civil War. During November and December of 1864, Babcock was on a furlough which was extended from its initial 12 days to an additional 18 days. He spent it at home in New York. The memorandum section of the diary notes extended furlough pay in December. He appears to have mustered out as a corporal, but it is unclear if this occurred with the regiment or prior to the end of the war. There is no information about his life after the war.","The various companies of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery of the Union Army were formed during the fall and winter of 1862 during the American Civil War. By June of 1863 the entire regiment was stationed in Washington, D.C. The regiment remained there until May 1864, when it moved to Cold Harbor, Virginia. The unit fought at a number of significant battles in Virginia, including Cold Harbor, a portion of the Petersburg campaign, and Cedar Creek in the Shenandoah Valley. In December 1864, the regiment moved again and was stationed at Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, until joining the Appomattox Campaign in March 1865, and the final battle at Petersburg in April. The 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery mustered out in June of 1865.","The guide to the Willis A. Babcock Diary by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Willis A. Babcock Diary commenced and was completed in October 2009.","Willis A. Babcock's American Civil War diary begins near Washington, D.C., where his company had been since June 1863. While at Fort Carroll, his entries largely contain descriptions of his duties in camp (drills and guard, police, or orderly duties), as well as rare sight-seeing trips in the city. He occasionally mentions his meals, recording one day in March where he had roast turkey for dinner--several of his friends caught seven turkeys the previous day. Like many soldiers, Babcock frequently records the weather in his diary. In May of 1864, the artillery unit moved to Fort Willard, Virginia. For most of that month, Babcock's diary continues to record picket and guard duties, as well as inspections and dress parades. On May 27, the regiment marched to Washington and loaded on to boats headed down the Potomac River. He spent several days on board the U.S. Transport Jefferson before marching from Port Royal to Bowling Green, Virginia.","In early June, the regiment was encamped at General Burnside's Headquarters near Cold Harbor, Virginia. On June 5, 1864, Babcock writes they were being shelled, which resulting in the \"killing [of] one man from Co. K....+ one from Co. M. was wounded. this is the first time we have been under fire.\" He records several days of shelling before moving toward Petersburg. For most of June, July, and into August, Babcock's diary includes lengthy entries of his experiences from the rifle pits in Petersburg, as well as camp life. On July 30, he writes \"losses very heavy on both sides our men occupy the same ground they did this morning. a total failure on our side.\" By mid-August, the 10th New York Heavy Artillery was camped at Fort Whipple, in Arlington, Virginia.","In early September, Babcock's entries find him increasingly ill and excused from duty. The regiment left for the Shenandaoh Valley in October and on October 8, Babcock writes, \"slept in Hospital to night for the first time since I have been a soldier.\" He was transferred from Alexandria to Lincoln Hospital in Washington, D.C., where he remained until November. His entries for October are very brief. From November 6 to the end of the year, Babcock's diary is about his activities at home while on furlough.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of a Babcock's diary from 1864. Entries detail camp life throughout parts of Virginia, the siege at Petersburg, and his experiences with guard, orderly, and police duties. Babcock served with the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?","The material in the collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Willis A. Babcock Diary, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.129"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.129"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"creator_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Willis A. Babcock Diary was purchased by Special Collections in September 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War, Willis A. Babcock enlisted as a Union private with Company B of the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery on December 8, 1862 (he notes his 19-month anniversary in his diary on March 8, 1864). He was probably born around 1840 and was living in Adams, Jefferson County, New York, prior to the Civil War. During November and December of 1864, Babcock was on a furlough which was extended from its initial 12 days to an additional 18 days. He spent it at home in New York. The memorandum section of the diary notes extended furlough pay in December. He appears to have mustered out as a corporal, but it is unclear if this occurred with the regiment or prior to the end of the war. There is no information about his life after the war.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe various companies of the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery of the Union Army were formed during the fall and winter of 1862 during the American Civil War. By June of 1863 the entire regiment was stationed in Washington, D.C. The regiment remained there until May 1864, when it moved to Cold Harbor, Virginia. The unit fought at a number of significant battles in Virginia, including Cold Harbor, a portion of the Petersburg campaign, and Cedar Creek in the Shenandoah Valley. In December 1864, the regiment moved again and was stationed at Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, until joining the Appomattox Campaign in March 1865, and the final battle at Petersburg in April. The 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery mustered out in June of 1865.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the American Civil War, Willis A. Babcock enlisted as a Union private with Company B of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery on December 8, 1862 (he notes his 19-month anniversary in his diary on March 8, 1864). He was probably born around 1840 and was living in Adams, Jefferson County, New York, prior to the Civil War. During November and December of 1864, Babcock was on a furlough which was extended from its initial 12 days to an additional 18 days. He spent it at home in New York. The memorandum section of the diary notes extended furlough pay in December. He appears to have mustered out as a corporal, but it is unclear if this occurred with the regiment or prior to the end of the war. There is no information about his life after the war.","The various companies of the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery of the Union Army were formed during the fall and winter of 1862 during the American Civil War. By June of 1863 the entire regiment was stationed in Washington, D.C. The regiment remained there until May 1864, when it moved to Cold Harbor, Virginia. The unit fought at a number of significant battles in Virginia, including Cold Harbor, a portion of the Petersburg campaign, and Cedar Creek in the Shenandoah Valley. In December 1864, the regiment moved again and was stationed at Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, until joining the Appomattox Campaign in March 1865, and the final battle at Petersburg in April. The 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery mustered out in June of 1865."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Willis A. Babcock Diary by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Willis A. Babcock Diary by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Willis A. Babcock Diary, Ms2009-129, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Willis A. Babcock Diary, Ms2009-129, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Willis A. Babcock Diary commenced and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Willis A. Babcock Diary commenced and was completed in October 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillis A. Babcock's American Civil War diary begins near Washington, D.C., where his company had been since June 1863. While at Fort Carroll, his entries largely contain descriptions of his duties in camp (drills and guard, police, or orderly duties), as well as rare sight-seeing trips in the city. He occasionally mentions his meals, recording one day in March where he had roast turkey for dinner--several of his friends caught seven turkeys the previous day. Like many soldiers, Babcock frequently records the weather in his diary. In May of 1864, the artillery unit moved to Fort Willard, Virginia. For most of that month, Babcock's diary continues to record picket and guard duties, as well as inspections and dress parades. On May 27, the regiment marched to Washington and loaded on to boats headed down the Potomac River. He spent several days on board the U.S. Transport \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJefferson\u003c/emph\u003e before marching from Port Royal to Bowling Green, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn early June, the regiment was encamped at General Burnside's Headquarters near Cold Harbor, Virginia. On June 5, 1864, Babcock writes they were being shelled, which resulting in the \"killing [of] one man from Co. K....+ one from Co. M. was wounded. this is the first time we have been under fire.\" He records several days of shelling before moving toward Petersburg. For most of June, July, and into August, Babcock's diary includes lengthy entries of his experiences from the rifle pits in Petersburg, as well as camp life. On July 30, he writes \"losses very heavy on both sides our men occupy the same ground they did this morning. a total failure on our side.\" By mid-August, the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e New York Heavy Artillery was camped at Fort Whipple, in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn early September, Babcock's entries find him increasingly ill and excused from duty. The regiment left for the Shenandaoh Valley in October and on October 8, Babcock writes, \"slept in Hospital to night for the first time since I have been a soldier.\" He was transferred from Alexandria to Lincoln Hospital in Washington, D.C., where he remained until November. His entries for October are very brief. From November 6 to the end of the year, Babcock's diary is about his activities at home while on furlough.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Willis A. Babcock's American Civil War diary begins near Washington, D.C., where his company had been since June 1863. While at Fort Carroll, his entries largely contain descriptions of his duties in camp (drills and guard, police, or orderly duties), as well as rare sight-seeing trips in the city. He occasionally mentions his meals, recording one day in March where he had roast turkey for dinner--several of his friends caught seven turkeys the previous day. Like many soldiers, Babcock frequently records the weather in his diary. In May of 1864, the artillery unit moved to Fort Willard, Virginia. For most of that month, Babcock's diary continues to record picket and guard duties, as well as inspections and dress parades. On May 27, the regiment marched to Washington and loaded on to boats headed down the Potomac River. He spent several days on board the U.S. Transport Jefferson before marching from Port Royal to Bowling Green, Virginia.","In early June, the regiment was encamped at General Burnside's Headquarters near Cold Harbor, Virginia. On June 5, 1864, Babcock writes they were being shelled, which resulting in the \"killing [of] one man from Co. K....+ one from Co. M. was wounded. this is the first time we have been under fire.\" He records several days of shelling before moving toward Petersburg. For most of June, July, and into August, Babcock's diary includes lengthy entries of his experiences from the rifle pits in Petersburg, as well as camp life. On July 30, he writes \"losses very heavy on both sides our men occupy the same ground they did this morning. a total failure on our side.\" By mid-August, the 10th New York Heavy Artillery was camped at Fort Whipple, in Arlington, Virginia.","In early September, Babcock's entries find him increasingly ill and excused from duty. The regiment left for the Shenandaoh Valley in October and on October 8, Babcock writes, \"slept in Hospital to night for the first time since I have been a soldier.\" He was transferred from Alexandria to Lincoln Hospital in Washington, D.C., where he remained until November. His entries for October are very brief. From November 6 to the end of the year, Babcock's diary is about his activities at home while on furlough."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_667d6cf03c2ed44e253c0827726401bd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of a Babcock's diary from 1864. Entries detail camp life throughout parts of Virginia, the siege at Petersburg, and his experiences with guard, orderly, and police duties. Babcock served with the 10\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of a Babcock's diary from 1864. Entries detail camp life throughout parts of Virginia, the siege at Petersburg, and his experiences with guard, orderly, and police duties. Babcock served with the 10th Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2548"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wills family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence to and from members of the Wills family.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1369.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wills Family Correspondence","title_ssm":["Wills Family Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Wills Family Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865"],"text":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865","Ms.1982.008","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in chronological order with undated materials at the end of the folder.","During the American Civil War, the Wills family lived in Bedford, Virginia.  Henry H. Wills was born in 1858. He was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery. He was camped in Richmond and Jamestown (current day Williamsburg), Virginia.","William S. Wills was in the Charlottesville Artillery. Lindsay T. was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery with Henry H. Wills.","The guide to the Wills Family Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wills Family Correspondence was completed prior to 2010. Additional description was completed in January 2011.","The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence from William S., William L., Lindsay T., and Henry H. Wills from various camps, including Jamestown and Richmond, Virginia, and Murfreesboro, North Carolina, to Mollie and Mary Wills.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence to and from members of the Wills family.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wills family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865"],"collection_ssim":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.008"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.008"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wills family"],"creator_ssim":["Wills family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Wills family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wills family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Wills Family Correspondence was acquired by Special Collections prior to 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in chronological order with undated materials at the end of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in chronological order with undated materials at the end of the folder."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War, the Wills family lived in Bedford, Virginia.  Henry H. Wills was born in 1858. He was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery. He was camped in Richmond and Jamestown (current day Williamsburg), Virginia.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam S. Wills was in the Charlottesville Artillery. Lindsay T. was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery with Henry H. Wills.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the American Civil War, the Wills family lived in Bedford, Virginia.  Henry H. Wills was born in 1858. He was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery. He was camped in Richmond and Jamestown (current day Williamsburg), Virginia.","William S. Wills was in the Charlottesville Artillery. Lindsay T. was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery with Henry H. Wills."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wills Family Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wills Family Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wills Family Correspondence, Ms1982-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wills Family Correspondence, Ms1982-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wills Family Correspondence was completed prior to 2010. Additional description was completed in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wills Family Correspondence was completed prior to 2010. Additional description was completed in January 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence from William S., William L., Lindsay T., and Henry H. Wills from various camps, including Jamestown and Richmond, Virginia, and Murfreesboro, North Carolina, to Mollie and Mary Wills.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence from William S., William L., Lindsay T., and Henry H. Wills from various camps, including Jamestown and Richmond, Virginia, and Murfreesboro, North Carolina, to Mollie and Mary Wills."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_aee72d7a1c6a287d5182913f158d5b7e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence to and from members of the Wills family.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence to and from members of the Wills family."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Wills family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wills family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:20.309Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1369.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wills Family Correspondence","title_ssm":["Wills Family Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Wills Family Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865"],"text":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865","Ms.1982.008","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in chronological order with undated materials at the end of the folder.","During the American Civil War, the Wills family lived in Bedford, Virginia.  Henry H. Wills was born in 1858. He was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery. He was camped in Richmond and Jamestown (current day Williamsburg), Virginia.","William S. Wills was in the Charlottesville Artillery. Lindsay T. was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery with Henry H. Wills.","The guide to the Wills Family Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wills Family Correspondence was completed prior to 2010. Additional description was completed in January 2011.","The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence from William S., William L., Lindsay T., and Henry H. Wills from various camps, including Jamestown and Richmond, Virginia, and Murfreesboro, North Carolina, to Mollie and Mary Wills.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence to and from members of the Wills family.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wills family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865"],"collection_ssim":["Wills Family Correspondence, 1860/1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.008"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.008"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wills family"],"creator_ssim":["Wills family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Wills family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wills family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Wills Family Correspondence was acquired by Special Collections prior to 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in chronological order with undated materials at the end of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in chronological order with undated materials at the end of the folder."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War, the Wills family lived in Bedford, Virginia.  Henry H. Wills was born in 1858. He was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery. He was camped in Richmond and Jamestown (current day Williamsburg), Virginia.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam S. Wills was in the Charlottesville Artillery. Lindsay T. was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery with Henry H. Wills.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the American Civil War, the Wills family lived in Bedford, Virginia.  Henry H. Wills was born in 1858. He was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery. He was camped in Richmond and Jamestown (current day Williamsburg), Virginia.","William S. Wills was in the Charlottesville Artillery. Lindsay T. was in Company K of the 10th Virginia Cavalry, and later in the Bedford Light Artillery with Henry H. Wills."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wills Family Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wills Family Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wills Family Correspondence, Ms1982-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wills Family Correspondence, Ms1982-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wills Family Correspondence was completed prior to 2010. Additional description was completed in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wills Family Correspondence was completed prior to 2010. Additional description was completed in January 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence from William S., William L., Lindsay T., and Henry H. Wills from various camps, including Jamestown and Richmond, Virginia, and Murfreesboro, North Carolina, to Mollie and Mary Wills.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence from William S., William L., Lindsay T., and Henry H. Wills from various camps, including Jamestown and Richmond, Virginia, and Murfreesboro, North Carolina, to Mollie and Mary Wills."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_aee72d7a1c6a287d5182913f158d5b7e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence to and from members of the Wills family.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains photocopies of American Civil War correspondence to and from members of the Wills family."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Wills family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wills family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:20.309Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1369"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Winston family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letters (photocopies of transcripts) of brothers Ambrose Whitlock Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry), Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry), and William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) written during the American Civil War to Clark family relatives in Campbell County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1993.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Winston Family Letters","title_ssm":["Winston Family Letters"],"title_tesim":["Winston Family Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865"],"text":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865","Ms.1995.004","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","Dr. Pleasant Winston (1792-1876) was born in Henrico County, Virginia, and attended Jefferson Medical College. In 1820, Winston married Elizabeth Cheadle Clark (1800-1852), daughter of Bowling and Elizabeth Cheadle Clark; the couple would have five sons. Among Elizabeth Clark Winston's five siblings were Lucy Clark (1793-1864), Mary Harris Clark (1797-1865), and Bowling Clark (1798-1877), likely the recipients of most of the letters in this collection.","A member of the Society of Friends, Winston was opposed to slavery and moved his family to Indiana in 1830 to be distanced from it. The 1850 census lists the Winstons, with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H., as residents of Franklin (Montgomery County), Indiana. Elizabeth Winston later returned to Virginia with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H. and died there. Pleasant Winston remained in Indiana with eldest sons Bowling and Pleasant.","Ambrose Whitlock Winston was born in Indiana on May 30, 1835. Though he appears with his family in the 1850 federal census in Montgomery County, Indiana, he apparently moved to Virginia with his mother and two of his brothers later that year. A resident of Lynchubrg, Winston enlisted in Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry at Richmond on October 12, 1861. By March, 1862, he had been commissioned a lieutenant. He is listed on company muster rolls until May 1, 1862. (According to brother William H. H. Winston, Ambrose served throughout the war in southwestern Virginia, \"with the exception of one year that he was detailed Quarter-Master-Sergeant to buy supplies around Lynchburg for the Army.\" He is likely the A. W. Winston who served in Company A, 22nd Virginia Cavalry, and was paroled at Campbell Court House, Virginia, on June 12, 1865. On May 20, 1863, Ambrose Winston married Lucy Eldridge Davis (1838-1864); later he married Lelia Lee Rucker (1848-1916), with whom he fathered four children. Ambrose W. Whitlock died on May 11, 1897, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery, Altavista (Campbell County), Virginia.","William Henry Harrison Winston was born in Montgmery County, Indiana, on July 29, 1840. In early 1861, he was an overseer on the Campbell County, Virginia, plantation (\"LaGrange\") of his uncle, Bowling Clark. On May 23, 1861, with his brother Charles, Winston went to Manassas, Virginia, where they joined the Lynchburg Home Guard, which later became Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. Winston remained with the regiment until being wounded at the Battle of Frazier's Farm (June 30, 1862). He rejoined the regiment following the Battle of Antietam. At the Battle of Gettysburg, he was again wounded and was taken prisoner, held at Fort McKinsie, then Fort Delaware, and finally Point Lookout before being exchanged on February 13, 1865. He married Nancy Powell Moorman (1841-1916) on February 29, 1866; the couple had three children. The 1870 census shows the Winstons living and farming in Amherst County, Virginia.  William H. H. Winston died while living with his daughter in Southampton County, Virginia, on March 14, 1934, and was buried in Spring Hill Cemetery, Lynchburg, Virginia.","Charles Jones Winston was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, on August 22, 1837. In early 1861, he was overseer on Hills Creek plantation in Campbell County, Virginia. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted with his brother William in the Lynchburg Home Guard, later Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. He remained with the regiment throughout the war, but is listed on company muster rolls as sick on October 1, 1861; wounded in action, July 3, 1863; and again wounded in action April 1, 1865. In 1867, he married Mary Elizabeth Alexander; the couple would have five children. The 1880 federal census shows the Winstons living and farming in Campbell County, Virginia. Charles J. Winston died on March 16, 1889, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery.","Ambrose W. Winston","The guide to the Winston Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Winston Family Letters commenced and was completed in October, 2023.","This collection contains letters (photocopies of transcripts) of letters written to Winston family relatives--including Mary Harris Clark, of Campbell County, Virginia, and others--during the American Civil War. Most of the letters are from Charles Jones Winston, William Henry Harrison Winston, and Ambrose Winston, all serving with Virginia infantry regiments in the Confederate Army.","The 29 letters of Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) comprise more than half of the collection. Commencing on July 9, 1861, in Centerville [Virginia], Winston's letters trace his regiment's movements through camps in Virginia and North Carolina. Among many other topics, he writes of picket duty, incidents in camp life, the deaths and woundings of mutual acquaintances, camp rations and other food, Christmas dinner, constructing quarters, and his efforts to secure a position in a cavalry regiment. He describes in detail the Battle of Williamsburg and his regiment's march through North Carolina. The final letter is dated March 8, 1865, at Chester Station [Virginia].","Letters from William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) are also located in the collection and begin with a letter written at Centerville on August 15, 1861. Winston writes briefly of mutual acqaintances and life in camp, and soldiers absent without leave. On March 20, 1863, he writes from the hospital in Petersburg, being unable to march. Winston's two final letters are dated from Point Lookout [Virginia], on January 27, 1865, and discuss a recent death in the family.","Among the other correspondence in the collection are three letters written by Ambrose W. Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry) at Central Depot, Richmond (October 19, 1861); camp at Alleghany (January 4, 1862); and Elm Wood (December 30, 1863). Winston writes briefly of regimental movements and mutual acquaintances, and in the final letter, he discusses at length the need to find a place to care for his horse over the winter. Also in the collection are single letters from V. J. Butcher; (Miss) M. Clark; M. A. Dearing; Maria (Horton?); M. C. Massie; Lucy E. Winston; and Florence, a student at Wytheville Female College.","Also in the collection are copies of a four-page typescript narrative, \"Reminiscences of the War,\" by William Henry Harrison Winston, and a page of genealogical information on the Pleasant and Elizabeth Clark Winston family.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letters (photocopies of transcripts) of brothers Ambrose Whitlock Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry), Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry), and William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) written during the American Civil War to Clark family relatives in Campbell County, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Winston family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865"],"collection_ssim":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.004"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.004"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Winston family"],"creator_ssim":["Winston family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Winston family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Winston family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Winston Family Letters were donated to Special Collections and University Libraries in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Pleasant Winston (1792-1876) was born in Henrico County, Virginia, and attended Jefferson Medical College. In 1820, Winston married Elizabeth Cheadle Clark (1800-1852), daughter of Bowling and Elizabeth Cheadle Clark; the couple would have five sons. Among Elizabeth Clark Winston's five siblings were Lucy Clark (1793-1864), Mary Harris Clark (1797-1865), and Bowling Clark (1798-1877), likely the recipients of most of the letters in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA member of the Society of Friends, Winston was opposed to slavery and moved his family to Indiana in 1830 to be distanced from it. The 1850 census lists the Winstons, with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H., as residents of Franklin (Montgomery County), Indiana. Elizabeth Winston later returned to Virginia with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H. and died there. Pleasant Winston remained in Indiana with eldest sons Bowling and Pleasant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbrose Whitlock Winston was born in Indiana on May 30, 1835. Though he appears with his family in the 1850 federal census in Montgomery County, Indiana, he apparently moved to Virginia with his mother and two of his brothers later that year. A resident of Lynchubrg, Winston enlisted in Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry at Richmond on October 12, 1861. By March, 1862, he had been commissioned a lieutenant. He is listed on company muster rolls until May 1, 1862. (According to brother William H. H. Winston, Ambrose served throughout the war in southwestern Virginia, \"with the exception of one year that he was detailed Quarter-Master-Sergeant to buy supplies around Lynchburg for the Army.\" He is likely the A. W. Winston who served in Company A, 22nd Virginia Cavalry, and was paroled at Campbell Court House, Virginia, on June 12, 1865. On May 20, 1863, Ambrose Winston married Lucy Eldridge Davis (1838-1864); later he married Lelia Lee Rucker (1848-1916), with whom he fathered four children. Ambrose W. Whitlock died on May 11, 1897, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery, Altavista (Campbell County), Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Henry Harrison Winston was born in Montgmery County, Indiana, on July 29, 1840. In early 1861, he was an overseer on the Campbell County, Virginia, plantation (\"LaGrange\") of his uncle, Bowling Clark. On May 23, 1861, with his brother Charles, Winston went to Manassas, Virginia, where they joined the Lynchburg Home Guard, which later became Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. Winston remained with the regiment until being wounded at the Battle of Frazier's Farm (June 30, 1862). He rejoined the regiment following the Battle of Antietam. At the Battle of Gettysburg, he was again wounded and was taken prisoner, held at Fort McKinsie, then Fort Delaware, and finally Point Lookout before being exchanged on February 13, 1865. He married Nancy Powell Moorman (1841-1916) on February 29, 1866; the couple had three children. The 1870 census shows the Winstons living and farming in Amherst County, Virginia.  William H. H. Winston died while living with his daughter in Southampton County, Virginia, on March 14, 1934, and was buried in Spring Hill Cemetery, Lynchburg, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles Jones Winston was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, on August 22, 1837. In early 1861, he was overseer on Hills Creek plantation in Campbell County, Virginia. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted with his brother William in the Lynchburg Home Guard, later Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. He remained with the regiment throughout the war, but is listed on company muster rolls as sick on October 1, 1861; wounded in action, July 3, 1863; and again wounded in action April 1, 1865. In 1867, he married Mary Elizabeth Alexander; the couple would have five children. The 1880 federal census shows the Winstons living and farming in Campbell County, Virginia. Charles J. Winston died on March 16, 1889, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbrose W. Winston \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Pleasant Winston (1792-1876) was born in Henrico County, Virginia, and attended Jefferson Medical College. In 1820, Winston married Elizabeth Cheadle Clark (1800-1852), daughter of Bowling and Elizabeth Cheadle Clark; the couple would have five sons. Among Elizabeth Clark Winston's five siblings were Lucy Clark (1793-1864), Mary Harris Clark (1797-1865), and Bowling Clark (1798-1877), likely the recipients of most of the letters in this collection.","A member of the Society of Friends, Winston was opposed to slavery and moved his family to Indiana in 1830 to be distanced from it. The 1850 census lists the Winstons, with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H., as residents of Franklin (Montgomery County), Indiana. Elizabeth Winston later returned to Virginia with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H. and died there. Pleasant Winston remained in Indiana with eldest sons Bowling and Pleasant.","Ambrose Whitlock Winston was born in Indiana on May 30, 1835. Though he appears with his family in the 1850 federal census in Montgomery County, Indiana, he apparently moved to Virginia with his mother and two of his brothers later that year. A resident of Lynchubrg, Winston enlisted in Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry at Richmond on October 12, 1861. By March, 1862, he had been commissioned a lieutenant. He is listed on company muster rolls until May 1, 1862. (According to brother William H. H. Winston, Ambrose served throughout the war in southwestern Virginia, \"with the exception of one year that he was detailed Quarter-Master-Sergeant to buy supplies around Lynchburg for the Army.\" He is likely the A. W. Winston who served in Company A, 22nd Virginia Cavalry, and was paroled at Campbell Court House, Virginia, on June 12, 1865. On May 20, 1863, Ambrose Winston married Lucy Eldridge Davis (1838-1864); later he married Lelia Lee Rucker (1848-1916), with whom he fathered four children. Ambrose W. Whitlock died on May 11, 1897, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery, Altavista (Campbell County), Virginia.","William Henry Harrison Winston was born in Montgmery County, Indiana, on July 29, 1840. In early 1861, he was an overseer on the Campbell County, Virginia, plantation (\"LaGrange\") of his uncle, Bowling Clark. On May 23, 1861, with his brother Charles, Winston went to Manassas, Virginia, where they joined the Lynchburg Home Guard, which later became Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. Winston remained with the regiment until being wounded at the Battle of Frazier's Farm (June 30, 1862). He rejoined the regiment following the Battle of Antietam. At the Battle of Gettysburg, he was again wounded and was taken prisoner, held at Fort McKinsie, then Fort Delaware, and finally Point Lookout before being exchanged on February 13, 1865. He married Nancy Powell Moorman (1841-1916) on February 29, 1866; the couple had three children. The 1870 census shows the Winstons living and farming in Amherst County, Virginia.  William H. H. Winston died while living with his daughter in Southampton County, Virginia, on March 14, 1934, and was buried in Spring Hill Cemetery, Lynchburg, Virginia.","Charles Jones Winston was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, on August 22, 1837. In early 1861, he was overseer on Hills Creek plantation in Campbell County, Virginia. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted with his brother William in the Lynchburg Home Guard, later Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. He remained with the regiment throughout the war, but is listed on company muster rolls as sick on October 1, 1861; wounded in action, July 3, 1863; and again wounded in action April 1, 1865. In 1867, he married Mary Elizabeth Alexander; the couple would have five children. The 1880 federal census shows the Winstons living and farming in Campbell County, Virginia. Charles J. Winston died on March 16, 1889, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery.","Ambrose W. Winston"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Winston Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Winston Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Winston Family Letters, Ms1995-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Winston Family Letters, Ms1995-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Winston Family Letters commenced and was completed in October, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Winston Family Letters commenced and was completed in October, 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters (photocopies of transcripts) of letters written to Winston family relatives--including Mary Harris Clark, of Campbell County, Virginia, and others--during the American Civil War. Most of the letters are from Charles Jones Winston, William Henry Harrison Winston, and Ambrose Winston, all serving with Virginia infantry regiments in the Confederate Army. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 29 letters of Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) comprise more than half of the collection. Commencing on July 9, 1861, in Centerville [Virginia], Winston's letters trace his regiment's movements through camps in Virginia and North Carolina. Among many other topics, he writes of picket duty, incidents in camp life, the deaths and woundings of mutual acquaintances, camp rations and other food, Christmas dinner, constructing quarters, and his efforts to secure a position in a cavalry regiment. He describes in detail the Battle of Williamsburg and his regiment's march through North Carolina. The final letter is dated March 8, 1865, at Chester Station [Virginia].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) are also located in the collection and begin with a letter written at Centerville on August 15, 1861. Winston writes briefly of mutual acqaintances and life in camp, and soldiers absent without leave. On March 20, 1863, he writes from the hospital in Petersburg, being unable to march. Winston's two final letters are dated from Point Lookout [Virginia], on January 27, 1865, and discuss a recent death in the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the other correspondence in the collection are three letters written by Ambrose W. Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry) at Central Depot, Richmond (October 19, 1861); camp at Alleghany (January 4, 1862); and Elm Wood (December 30, 1863). Winston writes briefly of regimental movements and mutual acquaintances, and in the final letter, he discusses at length the need to find a place to care for his horse over the winter. Also in the collection are single letters from V. J. Butcher; (Miss) M. Clark; M. A. Dearing; Maria (Horton?); M. C. Massie; Lucy E. Winston; and Florence, a student at Wytheville Female College. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the collection are copies of a four-page typescript narrative, \"Reminiscences of the War,\" by William Henry Harrison Winston, and a page of genealogical information on the Pleasant and Elizabeth Clark Winston family. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters (photocopies of transcripts) of letters written to Winston family relatives--including Mary Harris Clark, of Campbell County, Virginia, and others--during the American Civil War. Most of the letters are from Charles Jones Winston, William Henry Harrison Winston, and Ambrose Winston, all serving with Virginia infantry regiments in the Confederate Army.","The 29 letters of Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) comprise more than half of the collection. Commencing on July 9, 1861, in Centerville [Virginia], Winston's letters trace his regiment's movements through camps in Virginia and North Carolina. Among many other topics, he writes of picket duty, incidents in camp life, the deaths and woundings of mutual acquaintances, camp rations and other food, Christmas dinner, constructing quarters, and his efforts to secure a position in a cavalry regiment. He describes in detail the Battle of Williamsburg and his regiment's march through North Carolina. The final letter is dated March 8, 1865, at Chester Station [Virginia].","Letters from William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) are also located in the collection and begin with a letter written at Centerville on August 15, 1861. Winston writes briefly of mutual acqaintances and life in camp, and soldiers absent without leave. On March 20, 1863, he writes from the hospital in Petersburg, being unable to march. Winston's two final letters are dated from Point Lookout [Virginia], on January 27, 1865, and discuss a recent death in the family.","Among the other correspondence in the collection are three letters written by Ambrose W. Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry) at Central Depot, Richmond (October 19, 1861); camp at Alleghany (January 4, 1862); and Elm Wood (December 30, 1863). Winston writes briefly of regimental movements and mutual acquaintances, and in the final letter, he discusses at length the need to find a place to care for his horse over the winter. Also in the collection are single letters from V. J. Butcher; (Miss) M. Clark; M. A. Dearing; Maria (Horton?); M. C. Massie; Lucy E. Winston; and Florence, a student at Wytheville Female College.","Also in the collection are copies of a four-page typescript narrative, \"Reminiscences of the War,\" by William Henry Harrison Winston, and a page of genealogical information on the Pleasant and Elizabeth Clark Winston family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7fd979df12fbb65ca6f27544176b1247\"\u003eLetters (photocopies of transcripts) of brothers Ambrose Whitlock Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry), Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry), and William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) written during the American Civil War to Clark family relatives in Campbell County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letters (photocopies of transcripts) of brothers Ambrose Whitlock Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry), Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry), and William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) written during the American Civil War to Clark family relatives in Campbell County, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Winston family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Winston family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1993.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Winston Family Letters","title_ssm":["Winston Family Letters"],"title_tesim":["Winston Family Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865"],"text":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865","Ms.1995.004","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","Dr. Pleasant Winston (1792-1876) was born in Henrico County, Virginia, and attended Jefferson Medical College. In 1820, Winston married Elizabeth Cheadle Clark (1800-1852), daughter of Bowling and Elizabeth Cheadle Clark; the couple would have five sons. Among Elizabeth Clark Winston's five siblings were Lucy Clark (1793-1864), Mary Harris Clark (1797-1865), and Bowling Clark (1798-1877), likely the recipients of most of the letters in this collection.","A member of the Society of Friends, Winston was opposed to slavery and moved his family to Indiana in 1830 to be distanced from it. The 1850 census lists the Winstons, with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H., as residents of Franklin (Montgomery County), Indiana. Elizabeth Winston later returned to Virginia with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H. and died there. Pleasant Winston remained in Indiana with eldest sons Bowling and Pleasant.","Ambrose Whitlock Winston was born in Indiana on May 30, 1835. Though he appears with his family in the 1850 federal census in Montgomery County, Indiana, he apparently moved to Virginia with his mother and two of his brothers later that year. A resident of Lynchubrg, Winston enlisted in Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry at Richmond on October 12, 1861. By March, 1862, he had been commissioned a lieutenant. He is listed on company muster rolls until May 1, 1862. (According to brother William H. H. Winston, Ambrose served throughout the war in southwestern Virginia, \"with the exception of one year that he was detailed Quarter-Master-Sergeant to buy supplies around Lynchburg for the Army.\" He is likely the A. W. Winston who served in Company A, 22nd Virginia Cavalry, and was paroled at Campbell Court House, Virginia, on June 12, 1865. On May 20, 1863, Ambrose Winston married Lucy Eldridge Davis (1838-1864); later he married Lelia Lee Rucker (1848-1916), with whom he fathered four children. Ambrose W. Whitlock died on May 11, 1897, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery, Altavista (Campbell County), Virginia.","William Henry Harrison Winston was born in Montgmery County, Indiana, on July 29, 1840. In early 1861, he was an overseer on the Campbell County, Virginia, plantation (\"LaGrange\") of his uncle, Bowling Clark. On May 23, 1861, with his brother Charles, Winston went to Manassas, Virginia, where they joined the Lynchburg Home Guard, which later became Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. Winston remained with the regiment until being wounded at the Battle of Frazier's Farm (June 30, 1862). He rejoined the regiment following the Battle of Antietam. At the Battle of Gettysburg, he was again wounded and was taken prisoner, held at Fort McKinsie, then Fort Delaware, and finally Point Lookout before being exchanged on February 13, 1865. He married Nancy Powell Moorman (1841-1916) on February 29, 1866; the couple had three children. The 1870 census shows the Winstons living and farming in Amherst County, Virginia.  William H. H. Winston died while living with his daughter in Southampton County, Virginia, on March 14, 1934, and was buried in Spring Hill Cemetery, Lynchburg, Virginia.","Charles Jones Winston was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, on August 22, 1837. In early 1861, he was overseer on Hills Creek plantation in Campbell County, Virginia. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted with his brother William in the Lynchburg Home Guard, later Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. He remained with the regiment throughout the war, but is listed on company muster rolls as sick on October 1, 1861; wounded in action, July 3, 1863; and again wounded in action April 1, 1865. In 1867, he married Mary Elizabeth Alexander; the couple would have five children. The 1880 federal census shows the Winstons living and farming in Campbell County, Virginia. Charles J. Winston died on March 16, 1889, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery.","Ambrose W. Winston","The guide to the Winston Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing and description of the Winston Family Letters commenced and was completed in October, 2023.","This collection contains letters (photocopies of transcripts) of letters written to Winston family relatives--including Mary Harris Clark, of Campbell County, Virginia, and others--during the American Civil War. Most of the letters are from Charles Jones Winston, William Henry Harrison Winston, and Ambrose Winston, all serving with Virginia infantry regiments in the Confederate Army.","The 29 letters of Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) comprise more than half of the collection. Commencing on July 9, 1861, in Centerville [Virginia], Winston's letters trace his regiment's movements through camps in Virginia and North Carolina. Among many other topics, he writes of picket duty, incidents in camp life, the deaths and woundings of mutual acquaintances, camp rations and other food, Christmas dinner, constructing quarters, and his efforts to secure a position in a cavalry regiment. He describes in detail the Battle of Williamsburg and his regiment's march through North Carolina. The final letter is dated March 8, 1865, at Chester Station [Virginia].","Letters from William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) are also located in the collection and begin with a letter written at Centerville on August 15, 1861. Winston writes briefly of mutual acqaintances and life in camp, and soldiers absent without leave. On March 20, 1863, he writes from the hospital in Petersburg, being unable to march. Winston's two final letters are dated from Point Lookout [Virginia], on January 27, 1865, and discuss a recent death in the family.","Among the other correspondence in the collection are three letters written by Ambrose W. Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry) at Central Depot, Richmond (October 19, 1861); camp at Alleghany (January 4, 1862); and Elm Wood (December 30, 1863). Winston writes briefly of regimental movements and mutual acquaintances, and in the final letter, he discusses at length the need to find a place to care for his horse over the winter. Also in the collection are single letters from V. J. Butcher; (Miss) M. Clark; M. A. Dearing; Maria (Horton?); M. C. Massie; Lucy E. Winston; and Florence, a student at Wytheville Female College.","Also in the collection are copies of a four-page typescript narrative, \"Reminiscences of the War,\" by William Henry Harrison Winston, and a page of genealogical information on the Pleasant and Elizabeth Clark Winston family.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letters (photocopies of transcripts) of brothers Ambrose Whitlock Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry), Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry), and William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) written during the American Civil War to Clark family relatives in Campbell County, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Winston family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865"],"collection_ssim":["Winston Family Letters, 1861/1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.004"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.004"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Winston family"],"creator_ssim":["Winston family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Winston family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Winston family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Winston Family Letters were donated to Special Collections and University Libraries in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Pleasant Winston (1792-1876) was born in Henrico County, Virginia, and attended Jefferson Medical College. In 1820, Winston married Elizabeth Cheadle Clark (1800-1852), daughter of Bowling and Elizabeth Cheadle Clark; the couple would have five sons. Among Elizabeth Clark Winston's five siblings were Lucy Clark (1793-1864), Mary Harris Clark (1797-1865), and Bowling Clark (1798-1877), likely the recipients of most of the letters in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA member of the Society of Friends, Winston was opposed to slavery and moved his family to Indiana in 1830 to be distanced from it. The 1850 census lists the Winstons, with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H., as residents of Franklin (Montgomery County), Indiana. Elizabeth Winston later returned to Virginia with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H. and died there. Pleasant Winston remained in Indiana with eldest sons Bowling and Pleasant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbrose Whitlock Winston was born in Indiana on May 30, 1835. Though he appears with his family in the 1850 federal census in Montgomery County, Indiana, he apparently moved to Virginia with his mother and two of his brothers later that year. A resident of Lynchubrg, Winston enlisted in Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry at Richmond on October 12, 1861. By March, 1862, he had been commissioned a lieutenant. He is listed on company muster rolls until May 1, 1862. (According to brother William H. H. Winston, Ambrose served throughout the war in southwestern Virginia, \"with the exception of one year that he was detailed Quarter-Master-Sergeant to buy supplies around Lynchburg for the Army.\" He is likely the A. W. Winston who served in Company A, 22nd Virginia Cavalry, and was paroled at Campbell Court House, Virginia, on June 12, 1865. On May 20, 1863, Ambrose Winston married Lucy Eldridge Davis (1838-1864); later he married Lelia Lee Rucker (1848-1916), with whom he fathered four children. Ambrose W. Whitlock died on May 11, 1897, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery, Altavista (Campbell County), Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Henry Harrison Winston was born in Montgmery County, Indiana, on July 29, 1840. In early 1861, he was an overseer on the Campbell County, Virginia, plantation (\"LaGrange\") of his uncle, Bowling Clark. On May 23, 1861, with his brother Charles, Winston went to Manassas, Virginia, where they joined the Lynchburg Home Guard, which later became Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. Winston remained with the regiment until being wounded at the Battle of Frazier's Farm (June 30, 1862). He rejoined the regiment following the Battle of Antietam. At the Battle of Gettysburg, he was again wounded and was taken prisoner, held at Fort McKinsie, then Fort Delaware, and finally Point Lookout before being exchanged on February 13, 1865. He married Nancy Powell Moorman (1841-1916) on February 29, 1866; the couple had three children. The 1870 census shows the Winstons living and farming in Amherst County, Virginia.  William H. H. Winston died while living with his daughter in Southampton County, Virginia, on March 14, 1934, and was buried in Spring Hill Cemetery, Lynchburg, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles Jones Winston was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, on August 22, 1837. In early 1861, he was overseer on Hills Creek plantation in Campbell County, Virginia. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted with his brother William in the Lynchburg Home Guard, later Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. He remained with the regiment throughout the war, but is listed on company muster rolls as sick on October 1, 1861; wounded in action, July 3, 1863; and again wounded in action April 1, 1865. In 1867, he married Mary Elizabeth Alexander; the couple would have five children. The 1880 federal census shows the Winstons living and farming in Campbell County, Virginia. Charles J. Winston died on March 16, 1889, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbrose W. Winston \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Pleasant Winston (1792-1876) was born in Henrico County, Virginia, and attended Jefferson Medical College. In 1820, Winston married Elizabeth Cheadle Clark (1800-1852), daughter of Bowling and Elizabeth Cheadle Clark; the couple would have five sons. Among Elizabeth Clark Winston's five siblings were Lucy Clark (1793-1864), Mary Harris Clark (1797-1865), and Bowling Clark (1798-1877), likely the recipients of most of the letters in this collection.","A member of the Society of Friends, Winston was opposed to slavery and moved his family to Indiana in 1830 to be distanced from it. The 1850 census lists the Winstons, with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H., as residents of Franklin (Montgomery County), Indiana. Elizabeth Winston later returned to Virginia with sons Ambrose, Charles, and William H. H. and died there. Pleasant Winston remained in Indiana with eldest sons Bowling and Pleasant.","Ambrose Whitlock Winston was born in Indiana on May 30, 1835. Though he appears with his family in the 1850 federal census in Montgomery County, Indiana, he apparently moved to Virginia with his mother and two of his brothers later that year. A resident of Lynchubrg, Winston enlisted in Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry at Richmond on October 12, 1861. By March, 1862, he had been commissioned a lieutenant. He is listed on company muster rolls until May 1, 1862. (According to brother William H. H. Winston, Ambrose served throughout the war in southwestern Virginia, \"with the exception of one year that he was detailed Quarter-Master-Sergeant to buy supplies around Lynchburg for the Army.\" He is likely the A. W. Winston who served in Company A, 22nd Virginia Cavalry, and was paroled at Campbell Court House, Virginia, on June 12, 1865. On May 20, 1863, Ambrose Winston married Lucy Eldridge Davis (1838-1864); later he married Lelia Lee Rucker (1848-1916), with whom he fathered four children. Ambrose W. Whitlock died on May 11, 1897, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery, Altavista (Campbell County), Virginia.","William Henry Harrison Winston was born in Montgmery County, Indiana, on July 29, 1840. In early 1861, he was an overseer on the Campbell County, Virginia, plantation (\"LaGrange\") of his uncle, Bowling Clark. On May 23, 1861, with his brother Charles, Winston went to Manassas, Virginia, where they joined the Lynchburg Home Guard, which later became Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. Winston remained with the regiment until being wounded at the Battle of Frazier's Farm (June 30, 1862). He rejoined the regiment following the Battle of Antietam. At the Battle of Gettysburg, he was again wounded and was taken prisoner, held at Fort McKinsie, then Fort Delaware, and finally Point Lookout before being exchanged on February 13, 1865. He married Nancy Powell Moorman (1841-1916) on February 29, 1866; the couple had three children. The 1870 census shows the Winstons living and farming in Amherst County, Virginia.  William H. H. Winston died while living with his daughter in Southampton County, Virginia, on March 14, 1934, and was buried in Spring Hill Cemetery, Lynchburg, Virginia.","Charles Jones Winston was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, on August 22, 1837. In early 1861, he was overseer on Hills Creek plantation in Campbell County, Virginia. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted with his brother William in the Lynchburg Home Guard, later Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry. He remained with the regiment throughout the war, but is listed on company muster rolls as sick on October 1, 1861; wounded in action, July 3, 1863; and again wounded in action April 1, 1865. In 1867, he married Mary Elizabeth Alexander; the couple would have five children. The 1880 federal census shows the Winstons living and farming in Campbell County, Virginia. Charles J. Winston died on March 16, 1889, and was buried in Winston-Clark Family Cemetery.","Ambrose W. Winston"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Winston Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Winston Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Winston Family Letters, Ms1995-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Winston Family Letters, Ms1995-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Winston Family Letters commenced and was completed in October, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Winston Family Letters commenced and was completed in October, 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters (photocopies of transcripts) of letters written to Winston family relatives--including Mary Harris Clark, of Campbell County, Virginia, and others--during the American Civil War. Most of the letters are from Charles Jones Winston, William Henry Harrison Winston, and Ambrose Winston, all serving with Virginia infantry regiments in the Confederate Army. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 29 letters of Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) comprise more than half of the collection. Commencing on July 9, 1861, in Centerville [Virginia], Winston's letters trace his regiment's movements through camps in Virginia and North Carolina. Among many other topics, he writes of picket duty, incidents in camp life, the deaths and woundings of mutual acquaintances, camp rations and other food, Christmas dinner, constructing quarters, and his efforts to secure a position in a cavalry regiment. He describes in detail the Battle of Williamsburg and his regiment's march through North Carolina. The final letter is dated March 8, 1865, at Chester Station [Virginia].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) are also located in the collection and begin with a letter written at Centerville on August 15, 1861. Winston writes briefly of mutual acqaintances and life in camp, and soldiers absent without leave. On March 20, 1863, he writes from the hospital in Petersburg, being unable to march. Winston's two final letters are dated from Point Lookout [Virginia], on January 27, 1865, and discuss a recent death in the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the other correspondence in the collection are three letters written by Ambrose W. Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry) at Central Depot, Richmond (October 19, 1861); camp at Alleghany (January 4, 1862); and Elm Wood (December 30, 1863). Winston writes briefly of regimental movements and mutual acquaintances, and in the final letter, he discusses at length the need to find a place to care for his horse over the winter. Also in the collection are single letters from V. J. Butcher; (Miss) M. Clark; M. A. Dearing; Maria (Horton?); M. C. Massie; Lucy E. Winston; and Florence, a student at Wytheville Female College. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the collection are copies of a four-page typescript narrative, \"Reminiscences of the War,\" by William Henry Harrison Winston, and a page of genealogical information on the Pleasant and Elizabeth Clark Winston family. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters (photocopies of transcripts) of letters written to Winston family relatives--including Mary Harris Clark, of Campbell County, Virginia, and others--during the American Civil War. Most of the letters are from Charles Jones Winston, William Henry Harrison Winston, and Ambrose Winston, all serving with Virginia infantry regiments in the Confederate Army.","The 29 letters of Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) comprise more than half of the collection. Commencing on July 9, 1861, in Centerville [Virginia], Winston's letters trace his regiment's movements through camps in Virginia and North Carolina. Among many other topics, he writes of picket duty, incidents in camp life, the deaths and woundings of mutual acquaintances, camp rations and other food, Christmas dinner, constructing quarters, and his efforts to secure a position in a cavalry regiment. He describes in detail the Battle of Williamsburg and his regiment's march through North Carolina. The final letter is dated March 8, 1865, at Chester Station [Virginia].","Letters from William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) are also located in the collection and begin with a letter written at Centerville on August 15, 1861. Winston writes briefly of mutual acqaintances and life in camp, and soldiers absent without leave. On March 20, 1863, he writes from the hospital in Petersburg, being unable to march. Winston's two final letters are dated from Point Lookout [Virginia], on January 27, 1865, and discuss a recent death in the family.","Among the other correspondence in the collection are three letters written by Ambrose W. Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry) at Central Depot, Richmond (October 19, 1861); camp at Alleghany (January 4, 1862); and Elm Wood (December 30, 1863). Winston writes briefly of regimental movements and mutual acquaintances, and in the final letter, he discusses at length the need to find a place to care for his horse over the winter. Also in the collection are single letters from V. J. Butcher; (Miss) M. Clark; M. A. Dearing; Maria (Horton?); M. C. Massie; Lucy E. Winston; and Florence, a student at Wytheville Female College.","Also in the collection are copies of a four-page typescript narrative, \"Reminiscences of the War,\" by William Henry Harrison Winston, and a page of genealogical information on the Pleasant and Elizabeth Clark Winston family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7fd979df12fbb65ca6f27544176b1247\"\u003eLetters (photocopies of transcripts) of brothers Ambrose Whitlock Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry), Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry), and William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) written during the American Civil War to Clark family relatives in Campbell County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letters (photocopies of transcripts) of brothers Ambrose Whitlock Winston (Company E, 58th Virginia Infantry), Charles Jones Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry), and William Henry Harrison Winston (Company G, 11th Virginia Infantry) written during the American Civil War to Clark family relatives in Campbell County, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Winston family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Winston family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1993"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia, during the American Civil War. He writes about plans to return to Martinsburg, Virginia, and about General Sigel.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3915.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter","title_ssm":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter"],"title_tesim":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"text":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864","Ms.2022.047","Virginia","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","The collection is open for research.","The guide to the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter was completed in September 2022.","This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia to \"Friends at Home\" during the American Civil War. He writes, \"We are now about 50 miles from Martinsburg and expect to move on further tomorrow if not today ... we are getting up where the rebus are now \u0026 are liable to have a fight any day ... we shall have great success ... Gen. Sigel is called a good general ... affc. soldier, Charley.\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia, during the American Civil War. He writes about plans to return to Martinsburg, Virginia, and about General Sigel.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.047"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.047"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"creator_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in May 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864, Ms2022-047, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864, Ms2022-047, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter was completed in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter was completed in September 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia to \"Friends at Home\" during the American Civil War. He writes, \"We are now about 50 miles from Martinsburg and expect to move on further tomorrow if not today ... we are getting up where the rebus are now \u0026amp; are liable to have a fight any day ... we shall have great success ... Gen. Sigel is called a good general ... affc. soldier, Charley.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia to \"Friends at Home\" during the American Civil War. He writes, \"We are now about 50 miles from Martinsburg and expect to move on further tomorrow if not today ... we are getting up where the rebus are now \u0026 are liable to have a fight any day ... we shall have great success ... Gen. Sigel is called a good general ... affc. soldier, Charley.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_11e853c6e7ab093febc12c74f43b7d02\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia, during the American Civil War. He writes about plans to return to Martinsburg, Virginia, and about General Sigel.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia, during the American Civil War. He writes about plans to return to Martinsburg, Virginia, and about General Sigel."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3915.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter","title_ssm":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter"],"title_tesim":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"text":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864","Ms.2022.047","Virginia","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","The collection is open for research.","The guide to the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter was completed in September 2022.","This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia to \"Friends at Home\" during the American Civil War. He writes, \"We are now about 50 miles from Martinsburg and expect to move on further tomorrow if not today ... we are getting up where the rebus are now \u0026 are liable to have a fight any day ... we shall have great success ... Gen. Sigel is called a good general ... affc. soldier, Charley.\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia, during the American Civil War. He writes about plans to return to Martinsburg, Virginia, and about General Sigel.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.047"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.047"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"creator_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in May 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864, Ms2022-047, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter, 1864, Ms2022-047, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter was completed in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Woodstock, Virginia, Civil War Letter was completed in September 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia to \"Friends at Home\" during the American Civil War. He writes, \"We are now about 50 miles from Martinsburg and expect to move on further tomorrow if not today ... we are getting up where the rebus are now \u0026amp; are liable to have a fight any day ... we shall have great success ... Gen. Sigel is called a good general ... affc. soldier, Charley.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia to \"Friends at Home\" during the American Civil War. He writes, \"We are now about 50 miles from Martinsburg and expect to move on further tomorrow if not today ... we are getting up where the rebus are now \u0026 are liable to have a fight any day ... we shall have great success ... Gen. Sigel is called a good general ... affc. soldier, Charley.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_11e853c6e7ab093febc12c74f43b7d02\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia, during the American Civil War. He writes about plans to return to Martinsburg, Virginia, and about General Sigel.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes a letter dated May 13, 1864, from a Union soldier named Charley at a camp near Woodstock, Virginia, during the American Civil War. He writes about plans to return to Martinsburg, Virginia, and about General Sigel."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Charley (Union soldier during the American Civil War)"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3915"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bevell, B.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains one Confederate subsistence order for Joseph Ferdinand Kent, Commander of the Wythe County Home Guards.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2746.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order","title_ssm":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order"],"title_tesim":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864"],"text":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864","Ms.2011.107","Wythe County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Joseph Ferdinand Kent, born in 1820, enlisted to serve with the Confederate Army on April 17, 1862. He was commissioned as a Captain into the C Company of the 4th Regiment, Virginia Infantry. In May 1861, Kent was promoted to a Major and eventually became commander of the Wythe County Home Guards. Kent survived the war. He died on September 4, 1886. His body was buried in Wytheville, Va.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wythe County Office of Subsistence Order was completed in November 2011.","The collection consists of one subsistence order from the Office of Subsistence of Wythe County, VA. Confederate Agent B. Bevell issued the order to Joseph Ferdinand Kent. He was promised \"the prices as fixed by the Commissioners of the State...for wheat...above what is necessary for [himself] and family.\" Additional orders for \"Corn, Salted Pork, Bacon, and Beef Cattle\" were crossed off from this list.\" If Kent were to refuse the offer, \"the said articles\" would be \"impressed for the use of the C.S. Army.\"","Permission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection contains one Confederate subsistence order for Joseph Ferdinand Kent, Commander of the Wythe County Home Guards.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.107"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.107"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bevell, B."],"creator_ssim":["Bevell, B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Special Collections acquired the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order in July 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Ferdinand Kent, born in 1820, enlisted to serve with the Confederate Army on April 17, 1862. He was commissioned as a Captain into the C Company of the 4th Regiment, Virginia Infantry. In May 1861, Kent was promoted to a Major and eventually became commander of the Wythe County Home Guards. Kent survived the war. He died on September 4, 1886. His body was buried in Wytheville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Ferdinand Kent, born in 1820, enlisted to serve with the Confederate Army on April 17, 1862. He was commissioned as a Captain into the C Company of the 4th Regiment, Virginia Infantry. In May 1861, Kent was promoted to a Major and eventually became commander of the Wythe County Home Guards. Kent survived the war. He died on September 4, 1886. His body was buried in Wytheville, Va."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, Ms2011-107, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, Ms2011-107, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wythe County Office of Subsistence Order was completed in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wythe County Office of Subsistence Order was completed in November 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of one subsistence order from the Office of Subsistence of Wythe County, VA. Confederate Agent B. Bevell issued the order to Joseph Ferdinand Kent. He was promised \"the prices as fixed by the Commissioners of the State...for wheat...above what is necessary for [himself] and family.\" Additional orders for \"Corn, Salted Pork, Bacon, and Beef Cattle\" were crossed off from this list.\" If Kent were to refuse the offer, \"the said articles\" would be \"impressed for the use of the C.S. Army.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of one subsistence order from the Office of Subsistence of Wythe County, VA. Confederate Agent B. Bevell issued the order to Joseph Ferdinand Kent. He was promised \"the prices as fixed by the Commissioners of the State...for wheat...above what is necessary for [himself] and family.\" Additional orders for \"Corn, Salted Pork, Bacon, and Beef Cattle\" were crossed off from this list.\" If Kent were to refuse the offer, \"the said articles\" would be \"impressed for the use of the C.S. Army.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb3442752f7a23ec2ca8f1204cf1c986\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains one Confederate subsistence order for Joseph Ferdinand Kent, Commander of the Wythe County Home Guards.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains one Confederate subsistence order for Joseph Ferdinand Kent, Commander of the Wythe County Home Guards."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2746.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order","title_ssm":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order"],"title_tesim":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864"],"text":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864","Ms.2011.107","Wythe County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Joseph Ferdinand Kent, born in 1820, enlisted to serve with the Confederate Army on April 17, 1862. He was commissioned as a Captain into the C Company of the 4th Regiment, Virginia Infantry. In May 1861, Kent was promoted to a Major and eventually became commander of the Wythe County Home Guards. Kent survived the war. He died on September 4, 1886. His body was buried in Wytheville, Va.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wythe County Office of Subsistence Order was completed in November 2011.","The collection consists of one subsistence order from the Office of Subsistence of Wythe County, VA. Confederate Agent B. Bevell issued the order to Joseph Ferdinand Kent. He was promised \"the prices as fixed by the Commissioners of the State...for wheat...above what is necessary for [himself] and family.\" Additional orders for \"Corn, Salted Pork, Bacon, and Beef Cattle\" were crossed off from this list.\" If Kent were to refuse the offer, \"the said articles\" would be \"impressed for the use of the C.S. Army.\"","Permission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection contains one Confederate subsistence order for Joseph Ferdinand Kent, Commander of the Wythe County Home Guards.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.107"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.107"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bevell, B."],"creator_ssim":["Bevell, B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Special Collections acquired the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order in July 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Ferdinand Kent, born in 1820, enlisted to serve with the Confederate Army on April 17, 1862. He was commissioned as a Captain into the C Company of the 4th Regiment, Virginia Infantry. In May 1861, Kent was promoted to a Major and eventually became commander of the Wythe County Home Guards. Kent survived the war. He died on September 4, 1886. His body was buried in Wytheville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Ferdinand Kent, born in 1820, enlisted to serve with the Confederate Army on April 17, 1862. He was commissioned as a Captain into the C Company of the 4th Regiment, Virginia Infantry. In May 1861, Kent was promoted to a Major and eventually became commander of the Wythe County Home Guards. Kent survived the war. He died on September 4, 1886. His body was buried in Wytheville, Va."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, Ms2011-107, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order, Ms2011-107, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wythe County Office of Subsistence Order was completed in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wythe County Office of Subsistence Order was completed in November 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of one subsistence order from the Office of Subsistence of Wythe County, VA. Confederate Agent B. Bevell issued the order to Joseph Ferdinand Kent. He was promised \"the prices as fixed by the Commissioners of the State...for wheat...above what is necessary for [himself] and family.\" Additional orders for \"Corn, Salted Pork, Bacon, and Beef Cattle\" were crossed off from this list.\" If Kent were to refuse the offer, \"the said articles\" would be \"impressed for the use of the C.S. Army.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of one subsistence order from the Office of Subsistence of Wythe County, VA. Confederate Agent B. Bevell issued the order to Joseph Ferdinand Kent. He was promised \"the prices as fixed by the Commissioners of the State...for wheat...above what is necessary for [himself] and family.\" Additional orders for \"Corn, Salted Pork, Bacon, and Beef Cattle\" were crossed off from this list.\" If Kent were to refuse the offer, \"the said articles\" would be \"impressed for the use of the C.S. Army.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the Wythe County, Office of Subsistence Order must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb3442752f7a23ec2ca8f1204cf1c986\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains one Confederate subsistence order for Joseph Ferdinand Kent, Commander of the Wythe County Home Guards.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains one Confederate subsistence order for Joseph Ferdinand Kent, Commander of the Wythe County Home Guards."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bevell, B.","Kent, Joseph Ferdinand, 1820-1886"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:59.961Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2746"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":322},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"10th Regiment, New Jersey Infantry/Confederate Soldier Diary, 1864","value":"10th Regiment, New Jersey Infantry/Confederate Soldier Diary, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=10th+Regiment%2C+New+Jersey+Infantry%2FConfederate+Soldier+Diary%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"15th Virginia Infantry History, 1861/1864","value":"15th Virginia Infantry History, 1861/1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=15th+Virginia+Infantry+History%2C+1861%2F1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"189th Regiment, New York Volunteers Letter, 1864","value":"189th Regiment, New York Volunteers Letter, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=189th+Regiment%2C+New+York+Volunteers+Letter%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1st U. S. Colored Troops Sworn Statement, 1864","value":"1st U. S. Colored Troops Sworn Statement, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=1st+U.+S.+Colored+Troops+Sworn+Statement%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"36th Battalion Virginia Cavalryman's Letter, 1864","value":"36th Battalion Virginia Cavalryman's Letter, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=36th+Battalion+Virginia+Cavalryman%27s+Letter%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"37th Virginia Infantry Documents, 1863/1864","value":"37th Virginia Infantry Documents, 1863/1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=37th+Virginia+Infantry+Documents%2C+1863%2F1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"48th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Poll Book, 1864","value":"48th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Poll Book, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=48th+Pennsylvania+Volunteer+Infantry+Poll+Book%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A.B. Renker Letter, 1864","value":"A.B. Renker Letter, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.B.+Renker+Letter%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abner B. Palmer Letter, 1864","value":"Abner B. Palmer Letter, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Abner+B.+Palmer+Letter%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abraham Lincoln Tintype, 1864","value":"Abraham Lincoln Tintype, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Abraham+Lincoln+Tintype%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abraham and Tad Lincoln Albumen Print, 1864","value":"Abraham and Tad Lincoln Albumen Print, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Abraham+and+Tad+Lincoln+Albumen+Print%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1714","value":"1714","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1714"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1715","value":"1715","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1715"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1716","value":"1716","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1716"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1717","value":"1717","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1717"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1718","value":"1718","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1718"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1719","value":"1719","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1719"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1720","value":"1720","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1720"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1721","value":"1721","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1721"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1722","value":"1722","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1722"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1723","value":"1723","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1723"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1724","value":"1724","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1724"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Richard Henry (5th Regiment, Alabama Infantry)","value":"Adams, Richard Henry (5th Regiment, Alabama Infantry)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Richard+Henry+%285th+Regiment%2C+Alabama+Infantry%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allen, Frank (Franklin L.), 1843-1938","value":"Allen, Frank (Franklin L.), 1843-1938","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Allen%2C+Frank+%28Franklin+L.%29%2C+1843-1938\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alley, Anderson","value":"Alley, Anderson","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alley%2C+Anderson\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allison, James Polk, b.1843(?)-1863","value":"Allison, James Polk, b.1843(?)-1863","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Allison%2C+James+Polk%2C+b.1843%28%3F%29-1863\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allison, John P.","value":"Allison, John P.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Allison%2C+John+P.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Andrews, N. S.","value":"Andrews, N. S.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Andrews%2C+N.+S.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Angle, L. C., Jr.","value":"Angle, L. C., Jr.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Angle%2C+L.+C.%2C+Jr.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Armistead, Mary Frances","value":"Armistead, Mary Frances","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Armistead%2C+Mary+Frances\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Babcock, H. O.","value":"Babcock, H. O.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Babcock%2C+H.+O.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?","value":"Babcock, Willis A., b. abt. 1840-?","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Babcock%2C+Willis+A.%2C+b.+abt.+1840-%3F\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Badger, Constantine C.","value":"Badger, Constantine C.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Badger%2C+Constantine+C.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. W. Luster","value":"A. W. Luster","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+W.+Luster"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Richard Henry (5th Regiment, Alabama Infantry)","value":"Adams, Richard Henry (5th Regiment, Alabama Infantry)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Richard+Henry+%285th+Regiment%2C+Alabama+Infantry%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Richard Henry, Jr.","value":"Adams, Richard Henry, Jr.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Richard+Henry%2C+Jr."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Akers, Peter B.","value":"Akers, Peter B.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Akers%2C+Peter+B."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allen, Frank (Franklin L.), 1843-1938","value":"Allen, Frank (Franklin L.), 1843-1938","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Allen%2C+Frank+%28Franklin+L.%29%2C+1843-1938"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alley, Anderson","value":"Alley, Anderson","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alley%2C+Anderson"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allison, James Polk, b.1843(?)-1863","value":"Allison, James Polk, b.1843(?)-1863","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Allison%2C+James+Polk%2C+b.1843%28%3F%29-1863"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allison, John P.","value":"Allison, John P.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Allison%2C+John+P."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allison, William Henry, d.1863","value":"Allison, William Henry, d.1863","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Allison%2C+William+Henry%2C+d.1863"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Amiss, Edwin","value":"Amiss, Edwin","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Amiss%2C+Edwin"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Andrews, N. S.","value":"Andrews, N. S.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Andrews%2C+N.+S."}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Augusta County (Va.)","value":"Augusta County (Va.)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Augusta+County+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Baltimore (Md.) -- 1860-1910","value":"Baltimore (Md.) -- 1860-1910","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Baltimore+%28Md.%29+--+1860-1910"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Blacksburg (Va.)","value":"Blacksburg (Va.)","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Blacksburg+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Botetourt County (Va.)","value":"Botetourt County (Va.)","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Botetourt+County+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Buena Vista (Va.)","value":"Buena Vista (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Buena+Vista+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Christiansburg (Va.)","value":"Christiansburg (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Christiansburg+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Clarke County (Va.)","value":"Clarke County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Clarke+County+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Culpeper County (Va.)","value":"Culpeper County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Culpeper+County+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Floyd County (Va.)","value":"Floyd County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Floyd+County+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Huntsville (Ala.)","value":"Huntsville (Ala.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Huntsville+%28Ala.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Lynchburg (Va.)","value":"Lynchburg (Va.)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Lynchburg+%28Va.%29"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans -- History","value":"African Americans -- History","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Agriculture","value":"Agriculture","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Agriculture\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Atlanta Campaign, 1864","value":"Atlanta Campaign, 1864","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Atlanta+Campaign%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Autobiographies","value":"Autobiographies","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Autobiographies\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Businesspeople","value":"Businesspeople","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Businesspeople\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Chickamauga, Battle of, Ga., 1863","value":"Chickamauga, Battle of, Ga., 1863","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Chickamauga%2C+Battle+of%2C+Ga.%2C+1863\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Civil War","value":"Civil War","hits":322},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cloyds Mountain, Battle of, Va., 1864","value":"Cloyds Mountain, Battle of, Va., 1864","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Cloyds+Mountain%2C+Battle+of%2C+Va.%2C+1864\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cocktail History Collection","value":"Cocktail History Collection","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Cocktail+History+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Confederate States of America","value":"Confederate States of America","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Confederate+States+of+America\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Confederate States of America -- Social Life and Customs","value":"Confederate States of America -- Social Life and Customs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Confederate+States+of+America+--+Social+Life+and+Customs\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":317},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection"}},{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Series","value":"Series","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Civil+War\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026page=32\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}