{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Religion\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Religion\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":10,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c10","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Canaday, Devin Oral History","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c10#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. 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Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery."],"title_filing_ssi":"Canaday, Devin Oral History","title_ssm":["Canaday, Devin Oral History"],"title_tesim":["Canaday, Devin Oral History"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2024 July 11"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Canaday, Devin Oral History"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":28,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2024],"access_subjects_ssim":["Literacy","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","African Americans--Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Literacy","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","African Americans--Religion"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:33:09.376Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9790.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bray School Lab Records","title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"text":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790","Bray School Lab records","African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.","This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOlivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026amp; Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026amp; Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAntonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDa-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMadeline Dort graduated from William \u0026amp; Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026amp; Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026amp; Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026amp; Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026amp; Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCliff Fleet is the President \u0026amp; CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026amp; Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026amp; Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026amp; Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026amp; Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026amp; Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRon Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026amp; Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBurnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026amp; Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElle Kim is a William \u0026amp; Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026amp; Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAyinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026amp; Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026amp; Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026amp; Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026amp; Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026amp; Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Pleasant is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and what led him to the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnn Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCecilia Weaver is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYe Xiao is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":180,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:33:09.376Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c10"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ebenezer Baptist Church","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7902#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ebenezer Baptist Church","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7902#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eBrochures from the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Portsmouth, Virginia including the 142nd Anniversary Celebration in 2007 and Services of Installation for Reverend LeRoy Hill, Jr. as the 10th Pastor in 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7902#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_7902.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Ebenezer Baptist Church","title_ssm":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"title_tesim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"unitdate_ssm":["2005-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2005-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01191","/repositories/2/resources/7902"],"text":["SC 01191","/repositories/2/resources/7902","Ebenezer Baptist Church","African Americans--Religion","Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Portsmouth--History","African Americans--Virginia--History--20th century","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2007.74.","Brochures from the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Portsmouth, Virginia including the 142nd Anniversary Celebration in 2007 and Services of Installation for Reverend LeRoy Hill, Jr. as the 10th Pastor in 2005.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Ebenezer Baptist Church","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01191","/repositories/2/resources/7902"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"collection_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"creator_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"creators_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired: 2007. Gift from Merle A. Kimball."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Religion","Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Portsmouth--History","African Americans--Virginia--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Religion","Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Portsmouth--History","African Americans--Virginia--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2007.74.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2007.74."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEbenezer Baptist Church, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrochures from the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Portsmouth, Virginia including the 142nd Anniversary Celebration in 2007 and Services of Installation for Reverend LeRoy Hill, Jr. as the 10th Pastor in 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Brochures from the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Portsmouth, Virginia including the 142nd Anniversary Celebration in 2007 and Services of Installation for Reverend LeRoy Hill, Jr. as the 10th Pastor in 2005."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:35:59.828Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7902","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_7902.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Ebenezer Baptist Church","title_ssm":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"title_tesim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"unitdate_ssm":["2005-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2005-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01191","/repositories/2/resources/7902"],"text":["SC 01191","/repositories/2/resources/7902","Ebenezer Baptist Church","African Americans--Religion","Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Portsmouth--History","African Americans--Virginia--History--20th century","Collection is open to all researchers. 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Acc. 2007.74.","Brochures from the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Portsmouth, Virginia including the 142nd Anniversary Celebration in 2007 and Services of Installation for Reverend LeRoy Hill, Jr. as the 10th Pastor in 2005.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Ebenezer Baptist Church","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01191","/repositories/2/resources/7902"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"collection_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"creator_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"creators_ssim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired: 2007. 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Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2007.74.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2007.74."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEbenezer Baptist Church, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ebenezer Baptist Church, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrochures from the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Portsmouth, Virginia including the 142nd Anniversary Celebration in 2007 and Services of Installation for Reverend LeRoy Hill, Jr. as the 10th Pastor in 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Brochures from the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Portsmouth, Virginia including the 142nd Anniversary Celebration in 2007 and Services of Installation for Reverend LeRoy Hill, Jr. as the 10th Pastor in 2005."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Ebenezer Baptist Church"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:35:59.828Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7902"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"First Baptist Church collection","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9602#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"First Baptist Church of Williamsburg","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9602#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection is formed of materials created by the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, dating from the mid-1800s to the present day. Inculded in this collection are church records such as member rolls, meeting minutes, photographs, bibles, building blueprints, and audio visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9602#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9602.xml","title_filing_ssi":"First Baptist Church Collection","title_ssm":["First Baptist Church collection"],"title_tesim":["First Baptist Church collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1866-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00341","/repositories/2/resources/9602"],"text":["MS 00341","/repositories/2/resources/9602","First Baptist Church collection","Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century","Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","Religion and culture","African Americans--Religion","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Viewing Series V is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.","Item are restricted.","This collection is arranged into five series. Series I, Administrative Papers; which holds documents related to the oganization and operation of the church such as meeting minutes, notes, member registers, ledgers, and bylaws. Series II, Photographs; contains images of, and pertaining to, the First Baptist Church. Series III, Bibles and Hymnals; Bibles and Hymnals either held by the church itself, or by church members. Series IV, Audiovisual Materials; CDs, audio recordings, and oral histories. And Series V, Blueprints; blueprints of the 1956 church building, as well as other documents pertaining to the construction process.","The history of the First Baptist Church (FBC) can be traced to 1776 when a group of free and enslaved Black people began publicly worshiping after the constraints of British Anglicanism was lifted in Virginia. The First Baptist Church claims to be the oldest continuously operating black congregation in the United States, as it was practicing prior to applying for admittance to the Dover Baptist Association in 1791. ","Worshippers first met under a brush arbor built near Green Spring, a plantation west of Williamsburg.  A white landowner named Robert F. Coles offered the congregation space in his carriage house on Nassau Street around 1776. This is where the congregation was located when they became a part of the Dover Baptist Association as the African Baptist Church. Membership to the Association lapsed and resumed several times between 1776 and 1828. 1828 saw the remodeling of the carriage house to accommodate a growing congregation. After several rebellions against slavery across the country, including one led by Nat Turner in Southampton, Virginia, the Virginia House of Delegates passed an act on March 15, 1832 that required white pastors to lead Black religious organizations. As a result, the membership rolls decreased by nearly half. On Friday, April 14, 1834, a tornado destroyed the remodeled 1828 church building. The congregation moved to worship at the white Zion Baptist Church. In May 1856, the new African Baptist Church on Nassau street was dedicated. ","During the Civil War, the church building was used as a hospital for Confederate soldiers until the Union army took the city. Soon after in 1863, the congregation regained control of the building and changed the name to The First Baptist Church of Williamsburg. The Philadelphia Friends Freedman's Association established a school in the church that same year, which flourished until the establishment of free public schools in 1870. After the Civil War, the requirement for a white pastor was removed and the congregation was able to choose their own leadership. ","1871 saw an additional expansion of the church ground by thirty-five feet of land to the south side. In 1886, the church's womens' auxiliary committee raised funds to add a fence, a belfry and bell, a woodhouse, and in 1887, another twenty feet of land was purchased. A building committee was formed, and the structure was renovated with the side galleries removed in 1893. A fire damaged the building in 1930, but was repaired within a year. An annex was planned to be built in 1953, however, that same year Colonial Williamsburg offered $130,000 as well as a larger plot of land on Scotland street to purchase the church building on Nassau street. In August 18, 1954, the church trustees agreed to the deal. Attorney Lewis Armistead oversaw the legal proceedings while Bernard B. Spiegel was hired as the architect of the new church on Scotland Street. The church was completed in late 1956. Colonial Williamsburg demolished the Nassau street building in 1956 and constructed a parking lot. ","In the spring of 1984, the coordinator of James City County's 350th Anniversary, Mrs. Robinette Fitzsimmons, requested that church members allow visitors to tour the church, view artifacts, and listen to history lessons. That request led to the creation of the Church Historian Position, and Miss. Marie Sheppard was appointed. Sheppard agreed to Colonial Williamsburg's request with the stipulation that a history book be jointly created and requested that Colonial Williamsburg restore the Nassau street church. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation agreed, but on the condition that the 1818 version be restored instead of the 1856 church building that was demolished. The Lilly Foundation provided a grant of $74,000 for an exhibition on the history of First Baptist Church, and it opened to the public in 2003. In 2020, Colonial Williamsburg began archaeological excavations of the original church site, and in 2021 discovered evidence of human remains. Currently, the church burial grounds are undergoing further research. ","This collection is formed of materials created by the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, dating from the mid-1800s to the present day. Inculded in this collection are church records such as member rolls, meeting minutes, photographs, bibles, building blueprints, and audio visual materials.","This series contains meeting minute books, church records, and committee information related to the operation of the First Baptist Church.","A Sunday School record book from 1974-1975. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is red and black patterned with gold lettering, and has two green with white lettering stickers spelling out \"First Baptist Sunday School.\"","A Sunday School record book from 1975-1976. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is light brown, and has gold lettering with the word \"Record\" enscribed on the top right.","A check register with papers from 1942-1946. Contains dated financial information along with a group of un-folded brochures from the Church's 205th Anniversary. The register is a brown binder whose cover is separating from the spine. The cover is embossed with the Peninsula Bank and Trust Co. logo.","A minute book with typed entries from 1979-1986. Contains meeting notes from several church committees, as well as budget numbers. Bound in burgundy pleather with \"National\" stamped on the spine. The spine contains a yellow note taped to it with the entry date range.","A minute book with handwritten entries from 1951-1974. Contains meeting notes and budget calculations. The binding is missing a spine, the cover is black with red corners. Inside the book, the first page from the manufacturer reads \"Account Book, No. S64.\"","A record book spanning from 1926 to 1969. This book has various loose objects sandwiched between the pages, including grocery lists, receipts, and dated notes. The contents of the book's pages feature member information, baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","A record book that spans from 1865 to 1871. The book features member information, including baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","Meeting minutes book housed in a tan hard case, spine reads \"First Baptist Church Meeting Minutes August 1, 1887 - March 1895+,\" includes a loose letter and a conservation note.","A church minute book bound in red, the spine reads \"First Baptist Church Minutes Book 4, 1897-1922.\"","A church minute book bound in brown leather, spine reads \"First Baptist Church 1891-1950,\" a yellow note accompanies the book and reads \"Church Minutes 1879 (1893) 1950.\"","Church financial notes and records.","Two newspaper clippings and a brochure titled \"First Africans: Angela.\"","Typed meeting minutes.","A 3 inch by 2 inch sized booklet with ledger notations inside.","A stapled packet of church information created to celebrate the 226th first baptist church anniversary.","Document entitled, \"constitution and Bylaws for a baptist church.\" It contains handwritten corrections.","Nomination charts, agendas, trustee responibilites, and evaulation forms.","A dark yellow/gold packing list from Etherington Conservation Services for the convervation work done on \"Minute Book #3.\"","A group of letters and other correspondence that was held in the front binder pocket of the 1954 - 1991 Trustee Book.","Documents pertaining to the First Baptist Church that were orginally held in the front pocket of the Department of Historic Resources Historical Marker Application Binder. Also contains sign mock-ups and blueprints of the church building.","Member Register book, reads \"Church Records #9,1927\" on spine, bound in red cloth fraying at the edges, actual dates 1927-1938.","Church member records. The red, marble-bound book is labeled \"FBC Minutes 1875 Deacon /minutes September 1885,\" actual dates are 1875-1912.","A Minutes of the Deacons book, 1884-1893, in a tan hard case, book bound in red wavy marble pattern with red leather spine.","A deacon's committee meeting minutes book in a dark brown hard case, book itself is bound with a green tinted wavy marble pattern cover, spine reads \"Church Minute Book 7,\" dates 1866-1872.","A binder and 78 photographs of the First Baptist Church.","The binder contains scans of the 1956 church blueprints which are restricted. There is also a property record card, which contains land valuation assessments, items are restricted. ","The binder also includes a mock-up for signs from Scotty Signs, bill of sale, a timeline of the application for the Virginia Landmarks Register, an application for the National Register of Historic Places, a copy of the application form for the landmark recognition, article clippings, Department of Historic Resources agenda, nomination for consideration to the national and state registries,and an architecture evaluation. ","A binder containing meeting minutes and trustee documents.","A record book with a blue cover that contains diaconate records and meeting notes.","Five photograph albums and one binder from the Department of Historic Resources in Virginia.","Undated photographs and one dated choir photograph with identifcation list from 1957. This folder also houses a two page exhibition banner chart.","Photos of First Baptist Church originally housed in the Department of Historic Resources binder. Predominantly photographs showcasing the Scotland St. building.","There are three bibles in the collection. One physical object and two digital scans. There are also scans of one hymnal book.","Original is a 5\"x3 1/4\" inch bible from 1844 with handwritten notes","The bible was published in 1852 by E.T. Day, and contains a foreword. The family record section has handwritten notes, the last name \"Dunlop\" appears several times.","Cary Family Bible is a scanned copy of the covers and pages with family records and genealogy. The Bible was passed down to Alvene Patterson Conyers.","King's Message hymnal book containing church programs and patron names from around 1978-1981","Seven pages found tucked within the 1852 Bible. Two of the loose pages are titled \"Family Record\", and have handwritten notes under the headings of \"Marriages,\" \"Births,\" and \"Deaths.\" The other five loose pages are from Matthew, chapter ten through eighteen.","Oral history recordings, and three CDs.","Deacon James Baker and Marie Shepard's walking interview, July 11, 1988, followed by the third group history project interview at Ms. Julia Boyce's.","6 DVD-Rs. One is titled \"FBC Maps,\" 4 are labeled \"for DHR\" likely referring to the Department of Historic Resources, and another labeled \"National Register Nomination Materials.\" The DVD labeled \"National Register...\" is from the College of William \u0026 Mary Center for Archeological Research.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction performed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. They are labeled out of a series of 19. These blueprints contain specification (spec) sheets, that provide descritions of building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction. There is also a spiral bound booklet of plans for a \"Museum Addition and Renovation Proposal\" dated June 18th, 2001. ","The blueprints are restricted. ","A contract for the construction of the First Baptist Church to be located at Scotland Street. Fragile.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction preformed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. Seven of the blueprints are large 2 x 3 feet renderings. They are labeled out of a series of 19, this group includes pages 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 16, and 19. With these blueprints are 6 specification (spec) sheets. The specification sheets provide information for building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction.","This is the second half of the set of blueprints from 1954. The pages are numbered from 1 to 19, and this group contains numbers 10, 8, 11, 13, 18, 5, 12, 4, 14, 17, 15.","A 42 page index describing materials and work terms for the construction of the First Baptist Church on Scotland Street in 1954. Restricted.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church.","Due to the fragility of this item, it is recommended that a staff member assist any researchers when viewing.","This item is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.","Special Collections Research Center","First Baptist Church of Williamsburg","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00341","/repositories/2/resources/9602"],"normalized_title_ssm":["First Baptist Church collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["First Baptist Church collection"],"collection_ssim":["First Baptist Church collection"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"creator_ssim":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"creators_ssim":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church."],"acqinfo_ssim":["On extended loan from the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","Religion and culture","African Americans--Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","Religion and culture","African Americans--Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.7 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16.7 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eViewing Series V is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem are restricted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Viewing Series V is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.","Item are restricted."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into five series. Series I, Administrative Papers; which holds documents related to the oganization and operation of the church such as meeting minutes, notes, member registers, ledgers, and bylaws. Series II, Photographs; contains images of, and pertaining to, the First Baptist Church. Series III, Bibles and Hymnals; Bibles and Hymnals either held by the church itself, or by church members. Series IV, Audiovisual Materials; CDs, audio recordings, and oral histories. And Series V, Blueprints; blueprints of the 1956 church building, as well as other documents pertaining to the construction process.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into five series. Series I, Administrative Papers; which holds documents related to the oganization and operation of the church such as meeting minutes, notes, member registers, ledgers, and bylaws. Series II, Photographs; contains images of, and pertaining to, the First Baptist Church. Series III, Bibles and Hymnals; Bibles and Hymnals either held by the church itself, or by church members. Series IV, Audiovisual Materials; CDs, audio recordings, and oral histories. And Series V, Blueprints; blueprints of the 1956 church building, as well as other documents pertaining to the construction process."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe history of the First Baptist Church (FBC) can be traced to 1776 when a group of free and enslaved Black people began publicly worshiping after the constraints of British Anglicanism was lifted in Virginia. The First Baptist Church claims to be the oldest continuously operating black congregation in the United States, as it was practicing prior to applying for admittance to the Dover Baptist Association in 1791. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWorshippers first met under a brush arbor built near Green Spring, a plantation west of Williamsburg.  A white landowner named Robert F. Coles offered the congregation space in his carriage house on Nassau Street around 1776. This is where the congregation was located when they became a part of the Dover Baptist Association as the African Baptist Church. Membership to the Association lapsed and resumed several times between 1776 and 1828. 1828 saw the remodeling of the carriage house to accommodate a growing congregation. After several rebellions against slavery across the country, including one led by Nat Turner in Southampton, Virginia, the Virginia House of Delegates passed an act on March 15, 1832 that required white pastors to lead Black religious organizations. As a result, the membership rolls decreased by nearly half. On Friday, April 14, 1834, a tornado destroyed the remodeled 1828 church building. The congregation moved to worship at the white Zion Baptist Church. In May 1856, the new African Baptist Church on Nassau street was dedicated. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Civil War, the church building was used as a hospital for Confederate soldiers until the Union army took the city. Soon after in 1863, the congregation regained control of the building and changed the name to The First Baptist Church of Williamsburg. The Philadelphia Friends Freedman's Association established a school in the church that same year, which flourished until the establishment of free public schools in 1870. After the Civil War, the requirement for a white pastor was removed and the congregation was able to choose their own leadership. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1871 saw an additional expansion of the church ground by thirty-five feet of land to the south side. In 1886, the church's womens' auxiliary committee raised funds to add a fence, a belfry and bell, a woodhouse, and in 1887, another twenty feet of land was purchased. A building committee was formed, and the structure was renovated with the side galleries removed in 1893. A fire damaged the building in 1930, but was repaired within a year. An annex was planned to be built in 1953, however, that same year Colonial Williamsburg offered $130,000 as well as a larger plot of land on Scotland street to purchase the church building on Nassau street. In August 18, 1954, the church trustees agreed to the deal. Attorney Lewis Armistead oversaw the legal proceedings while Bernard B. Spiegel was hired as the architect of the new church on Scotland Street. The church was completed in late 1956. Colonial Williamsburg demolished the Nassau street building in 1956 and constructed a parking lot. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the spring of 1984, the coordinator of James City County's 350th Anniversary, Mrs. Robinette Fitzsimmons, requested that church members allow visitors to tour the church, view artifacts, and listen to history lessons. That request led to the creation of the Church Historian Position, and Miss. Marie Sheppard was appointed. Sheppard agreed to Colonial Williamsburg's request with the stipulation that a history book be jointly created and requested that Colonial Williamsburg restore the Nassau street church. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation agreed, but on the condition that the 1818 version be restored instead of the 1856 church building that was demolished. The Lilly Foundation provided a grant of $74,000 for an exhibition on the history of First Baptist Church, and it opened to the public in 2003. In 2020, Colonial Williamsburg began archaeological excavations of the original church site, and in 2021 discovered evidence of human remains. Currently, the church burial grounds are undergoing further research. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The history of the First Baptist Church (FBC) can be traced to 1776 when a group of free and enslaved Black people began publicly worshiping after the constraints of British Anglicanism was lifted in Virginia. The First Baptist Church claims to be the oldest continuously operating black congregation in the United States, as it was practicing prior to applying for admittance to the Dover Baptist Association in 1791. ","Worshippers first met under a brush arbor built near Green Spring, a plantation west of Williamsburg.  A white landowner named Robert F. Coles offered the congregation space in his carriage house on Nassau Street around 1776. This is where the congregation was located when they became a part of the Dover Baptist Association as the African Baptist Church. Membership to the Association lapsed and resumed several times between 1776 and 1828. 1828 saw the remodeling of the carriage house to accommodate a growing congregation. After several rebellions against slavery across the country, including one led by Nat Turner in Southampton, Virginia, the Virginia House of Delegates passed an act on March 15, 1832 that required white pastors to lead Black religious organizations. As a result, the membership rolls decreased by nearly half. On Friday, April 14, 1834, a tornado destroyed the remodeled 1828 church building. The congregation moved to worship at the white Zion Baptist Church. In May 1856, the new African Baptist Church on Nassau street was dedicated. ","During the Civil War, the church building was used as a hospital for Confederate soldiers until the Union army took the city. Soon after in 1863, the congregation regained control of the building and changed the name to The First Baptist Church of Williamsburg. The Philadelphia Friends Freedman's Association established a school in the church that same year, which flourished until the establishment of free public schools in 1870. After the Civil War, the requirement for a white pastor was removed and the congregation was able to choose their own leadership. ","1871 saw an additional expansion of the church ground by thirty-five feet of land to the south side. In 1886, the church's womens' auxiliary committee raised funds to add a fence, a belfry and bell, a woodhouse, and in 1887, another twenty feet of land was purchased. A building committee was formed, and the structure was renovated with the side galleries removed in 1893. A fire damaged the building in 1930, but was repaired within a year. An annex was planned to be built in 1953, however, that same year Colonial Williamsburg offered $130,000 as well as a larger plot of land on Scotland street to purchase the church building on Nassau street. In August 18, 1954, the church trustees agreed to the deal. Attorney Lewis Armistead oversaw the legal proceedings while Bernard B. Spiegel was hired as the architect of the new church on Scotland Street. The church was completed in late 1956. Colonial Williamsburg demolished the Nassau street building in 1956 and constructed a parking lot. ","In the spring of 1984, the coordinator of James City County's 350th Anniversary, Mrs. Robinette Fitzsimmons, requested that church members allow visitors to tour the church, view artifacts, and listen to history lessons. That request led to the creation of the Church Historian Position, and Miss. Marie Sheppard was appointed. Sheppard agreed to Colonial Williamsburg's request with the stipulation that a history book be jointly created and requested that Colonial Williamsburg restore the Nassau street church. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation agreed, but on the condition that the 1818 version be restored instead of the 1856 church building that was demolished. The Lilly Foundation provided a grant of $74,000 for an exhibition on the history of First Baptist Church, and it opened to the public in 2003. In 2020, Colonial Williamsburg began archaeological excavations of the original church site, and in 2021 discovered evidence of human remains. Currently, the church burial grounds are undergoing further research. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFirst Baptist Church Collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["First Baptist Church Collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is formed of materials created by the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, dating from the mid-1800s to the present day. Inculded in this collection are church records such as member rolls, meeting minutes, photographs, bibles, building blueprints, and audio visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains meeting minute books, church records, and committee information related to the operation of the First Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Sunday School record book from 1974-1975. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is red and black patterned with gold lettering, and has two green with white lettering stickers spelling out \"First Baptist Sunday School.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Sunday School record book from 1975-1976. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is light brown, and has gold lettering with the word \"Record\" enscribed on the top right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA check register with papers from 1942-1946. Contains dated financial information along with a group of un-folded brochures from the Church's 205th Anniversary. The register is a brown binder whose cover is separating from the spine. The cover is embossed with the Peninsula Bank and Trust Co. logo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA minute book with typed entries from 1979-1986. Contains meeting notes from several church committees, as well as budget numbers. Bound in burgundy pleather with \"National\" stamped on the spine. The spine contains a yellow note taped to it with the entry date range.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA minute book with handwritten entries from 1951-1974. Contains meeting notes and budget calculations. The binding is missing a spine, the cover is black with red corners. Inside the book, the first page from the manufacturer reads \"Account Book, No. S64.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA record book spanning from 1926 to 1969. This book has various loose objects sandwiched between the pages, including grocery lists, receipts, and dated notes. The contents of the book's pages feature member information, baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA record book that spans from 1865 to 1871. The book features member information, including baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeeting minutes book housed in a tan hard case, spine reads \"First Baptist Church Meeting Minutes August 1, 1887 - March 1895+,\" includes a loose letter and a conservation note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA church minute book bound in red, the spine reads \"First Baptist Church Minutes Book 4, 1897-1922.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA church minute book bound in brown leather, spine reads \"First Baptist Church 1891-1950,\" a yellow note accompanies the book and reads \"Church Minutes 1879 (1893) 1950.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChurch financial notes and records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo newspaper clippings and a brochure titled \"First Africans: Angela.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 3 inch by 2 inch sized booklet with ledger notations inside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA stapled packet of church information created to celebrate the 226th first baptist church anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument entitled, \"constitution and Bylaws for a baptist church.\" It contains handwritten corrections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNomination charts, agendas, trustee responibilites, and evaulation forms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA dark yellow/gold packing list from Etherington Conservation Services for the convervation work done on \"Minute Book #3.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA group of letters and other correspondence that was held in the front binder pocket of the 1954 - 1991 Trustee Book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments pertaining to the First Baptist Church that were orginally held in the front pocket of the Department of Historic Resources Historical Marker Application Binder. Also contains sign mock-ups and blueprints of the church building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMember Register book, reads \"Church Records #9,1927\" on spine, bound in red cloth fraying at the edges, actual dates 1927-1938.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChurch member records. The red, marble-bound book is labeled \"FBC Minutes 1875 Deacon /minutes September 1885,\" actual dates are 1875-1912.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Minutes of the Deacons book, 1884-1893, in a tan hard case, book bound in red wavy marble pattern with red leather spine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA deacon's committee meeting minutes book in a dark brown hard case, book itself is bound with a green tinted wavy marble pattern cover, spine reads \"Church Minute Book 7,\" dates 1866-1872.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA binder and 78 photographs of the First Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe binder contains scans of the 1956 church blueprints which are restricted. There is also a property record card, which contains land valuation assessments, items are restricted. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe binder also includes a mock-up for signs from Scotty Signs, bill of sale, a timeline of the application for the Virginia Landmarks Register, an application for the National Register of Historic Places, a copy of the application form for the landmark recognition, article clippings, Department of Historic Resources agenda, nomination for consideration to the national and state registries,and an architecture evaluation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA binder containing meeting minutes and trustee documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA record book with a blue cover that contains diaconate records and meeting notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFive photograph albums and one binder from the Department of Historic Resources in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUndated photographs and one dated choir photograph with identifcation list from 1957. This folder also houses a two page exhibition banner chart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of First Baptist Church originally housed in the Department of Historic Resources binder. Predominantly photographs showcasing the Scotland St. building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are three bibles in the collection. One physical object and two digital scans. There are also scans of one hymnal book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal is a 5\"x3 1/4\" inch bible from 1844 with handwritten notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bible was published in 1852 by E.T. Day, and contains a foreword. The family record section has handwritten notes, the last name \"Dunlop\" appears several times.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCary Family Bible is a scanned copy of the covers and pages with family records and genealogy. The Bible was passed down to Alvene Patterson Conyers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKing's Message hymnal book containing church programs and patron names from around 1978-1981\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeven pages found tucked within the 1852 Bible. Two of the loose pages are titled \"Family Record\", and have handwritten notes under the headings of \"Marriages,\" \"Births,\" and \"Deaths.\" The other five loose pages are from Matthew, chapter ten through eighteen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history recordings, and three CDs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeacon James Baker and Marie Shepard's walking interview, July 11, 1988, followed by the third group history project interview at Ms. Julia Boyce's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 DVD-Rs. One is titled \"FBC Maps,\" 4 are labeled \"for DHR\" likely referring to the Department of Historic Resources, and another labeled \"National Register Nomination Materials.\" The DVD labeled \"National Register...\" is from the College of William \u0026amp; Mary Center for Archeological Research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction performed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. They are labeled out of a series of 19. These blueprints contain specification (spec) sheets, that provide descritions of building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction. There is also a spiral bound booklet of plans for a \"Museum Addition and Renovation Proposal\" dated June 18th, 2001. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe blueprints are restricted. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA contract for the construction of the First Baptist Church to be located at Scotland Street. Fragile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction preformed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. Seven of the blueprints are large 2 x 3 feet renderings. They are labeled out of a series of 19, this group includes pages 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 16, and 19. With these blueprints are 6 specification (spec) sheets. The specification sheets provide information for building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the second half of the set of blueprints from 1954. The pages are numbered from 1 to 19, and this group contains numbers 10, 8, 11, 13, 18, 5, 12, 4, 14, 17, 15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 42 page index describing materials and work terms for the construction of the First Baptist Church on Scotland Street in 1954. Restricted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is formed of materials created by the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, dating from the mid-1800s to the present day. Inculded in this collection are church records such as member rolls, meeting minutes, photographs, bibles, building blueprints, and audio visual materials.","This series contains meeting minute books, church records, and committee information related to the operation of the First Baptist Church.","A Sunday School record book from 1974-1975. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is red and black patterned with gold lettering, and has two green with white lettering stickers spelling out \"First Baptist Sunday School.\"","A Sunday School record book from 1975-1976. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is light brown, and has gold lettering with the word \"Record\" enscribed on the top right.","A check register with papers from 1942-1946. Contains dated financial information along with a group of un-folded brochures from the Church's 205th Anniversary. The register is a brown binder whose cover is separating from the spine. The cover is embossed with the Peninsula Bank and Trust Co. logo.","A minute book with typed entries from 1979-1986. Contains meeting notes from several church committees, as well as budget numbers. Bound in burgundy pleather with \"National\" stamped on the spine. The spine contains a yellow note taped to it with the entry date range.","A minute book with handwritten entries from 1951-1974. Contains meeting notes and budget calculations. The binding is missing a spine, the cover is black with red corners. Inside the book, the first page from the manufacturer reads \"Account Book, No. S64.\"","A record book spanning from 1926 to 1969. This book has various loose objects sandwiched between the pages, including grocery lists, receipts, and dated notes. The contents of the book's pages feature member information, baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","A record book that spans from 1865 to 1871. The book features member information, including baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","Meeting minutes book housed in a tan hard case, spine reads \"First Baptist Church Meeting Minutes August 1, 1887 - March 1895+,\" includes a loose letter and a conservation note.","A church minute book bound in red, the spine reads \"First Baptist Church Minutes Book 4, 1897-1922.\"","A church minute book bound in brown leather, spine reads \"First Baptist Church 1891-1950,\" a yellow note accompanies the book and reads \"Church Minutes 1879 (1893) 1950.\"","Church financial notes and records.","Two newspaper clippings and a brochure titled \"First Africans: Angela.\"","Typed meeting minutes.","A 3 inch by 2 inch sized booklet with ledger notations inside.","A stapled packet of church information created to celebrate the 226th first baptist church anniversary.","Document entitled, \"constitution and Bylaws for a baptist church.\" It contains handwritten corrections.","Nomination charts, agendas, trustee responibilites, and evaulation forms.","A dark yellow/gold packing list from Etherington Conservation Services for the convervation work done on \"Minute Book #3.\"","A group of letters and other correspondence that was held in the front binder pocket of the 1954 - 1991 Trustee Book.","Documents pertaining to the First Baptist Church that were orginally held in the front pocket of the Department of Historic Resources Historical Marker Application Binder. Also contains sign mock-ups and blueprints of the church building.","Member Register book, reads \"Church Records #9,1927\" on spine, bound in red cloth fraying at the edges, actual dates 1927-1938.","Church member records. The red, marble-bound book is labeled \"FBC Minutes 1875 Deacon /minutes September 1885,\" actual dates are 1875-1912.","A Minutes of the Deacons book, 1884-1893, in a tan hard case, book bound in red wavy marble pattern with red leather spine.","A deacon's committee meeting minutes book in a dark brown hard case, book itself is bound with a green tinted wavy marble pattern cover, spine reads \"Church Minute Book 7,\" dates 1866-1872.","A binder and 78 photographs of the First Baptist Church.","The binder contains scans of the 1956 church blueprints which are restricted. There is also a property record card, which contains land valuation assessments, items are restricted. ","The binder also includes a mock-up for signs from Scotty Signs, bill of sale, a timeline of the application for the Virginia Landmarks Register, an application for the National Register of Historic Places, a copy of the application form for the landmark recognition, article clippings, Department of Historic Resources agenda, nomination for consideration to the national and state registries,and an architecture evaluation. ","A binder containing meeting minutes and trustee documents.","A record book with a blue cover that contains diaconate records and meeting notes.","Five photograph albums and one binder from the Department of Historic Resources in Virginia.","Undated photographs and one dated choir photograph with identifcation list from 1957. This folder also houses a two page exhibition banner chart.","Photos of First Baptist Church originally housed in the Department of Historic Resources binder. Predominantly photographs showcasing the Scotland St. building.","There are three bibles in the collection. One physical object and two digital scans. There are also scans of one hymnal book.","Original is a 5\"x3 1/4\" inch bible from 1844 with handwritten notes","The bible was published in 1852 by E.T. Day, and contains a foreword. The family record section has handwritten notes, the last name \"Dunlop\" appears several times.","Cary Family Bible is a scanned copy of the covers and pages with family records and genealogy. The Bible was passed down to Alvene Patterson Conyers.","King's Message hymnal book containing church programs and patron names from around 1978-1981","Seven pages found tucked within the 1852 Bible. Two of the loose pages are titled \"Family Record\", and have handwritten notes under the headings of \"Marriages,\" \"Births,\" and \"Deaths.\" The other five loose pages are from Matthew, chapter ten through eighteen.","Oral history recordings, and three CDs.","Deacon James Baker and Marie Shepard's walking interview, July 11, 1988, followed by the third group history project interview at Ms. Julia Boyce's.","6 DVD-Rs. One is titled \"FBC Maps,\" 4 are labeled \"for DHR\" likely referring to the Department of Historic Resources, and another labeled \"National Register Nomination Materials.\" The DVD labeled \"National Register...\" is from the College of William \u0026 Mary Center for Archeological Research.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction performed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. They are labeled out of a series of 19. These blueprints contain specification (spec) sheets, that provide descritions of building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction. There is also a spiral bound booklet of plans for a \"Museum Addition and Renovation Proposal\" dated June 18th, 2001. ","The blueprints are restricted. ","A contract for the construction of the First Baptist Church to be located at Scotland Street. Fragile.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction preformed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. Seven of the blueprints are large 2 x 3 feet renderings. They are labeled out of a series of 19, this group includes pages 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 16, and 19. With these blueprints are 6 specification (spec) sheets. The specification sheets provide information for building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction.","This is the second half of the set of blueprints from 1954. The pages are numbered from 1 to 19, and this group contains numbers 10, 8, 11, 13, 18, 5, 12, 4, 14, 17, 15.","A 42 page index describing materials and work terms for the construction of the First Baptist Church on Scotland Street in 1954. Restricted."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the fragility of this item, it is recommended that a staff member assist any researchers when viewing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church.","Due to the fragility of this item, it is recommended that a staff member assist any researchers when viewing.","This item is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":75,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:01:47.341Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9602","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9602.xml","title_filing_ssi":"First Baptist Church Collection","title_ssm":["First Baptist Church collection"],"title_tesim":["First Baptist Church collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1866-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00341","/repositories/2/resources/9602"],"text":["MS 00341","/repositories/2/resources/9602","First Baptist Church collection","Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century","Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","Religion and culture","African Americans--Religion","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Viewing Series V is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.","Item are restricted.","This collection is arranged into five series. Series I, Administrative Papers; which holds documents related to the oganization and operation of the church such as meeting minutes, notes, member registers, ledgers, and bylaws. Series II, Photographs; contains images of, and pertaining to, the First Baptist Church. Series III, Bibles and Hymnals; Bibles and Hymnals either held by the church itself, or by church members. Series IV, Audiovisual Materials; CDs, audio recordings, and oral histories. And Series V, Blueprints; blueprints of the 1956 church building, as well as other documents pertaining to the construction process.","The history of the First Baptist Church (FBC) can be traced to 1776 when a group of free and enslaved Black people began publicly worshiping after the constraints of British Anglicanism was lifted in Virginia. The First Baptist Church claims to be the oldest continuously operating black congregation in the United States, as it was practicing prior to applying for admittance to the Dover Baptist Association in 1791. ","Worshippers first met under a brush arbor built near Green Spring, a plantation west of Williamsburg.  A white landowner named Robert F. Coles offered the congregation space in his carriage house on Nassau Street around 1776. This is where the congregation was located when they became a part of the Dover Baptist Association as the African Baptist Church. Membership to the Association lapsed and resumed several times between 1776 and 1828. 1828 saw the remodeling of the carriage house to accommodate a growing congregation. After several rebellions against slavery across the country, including one led by Nat Turner in Southampton, Virginia, the Virginia House of Delegates passed an act on March 15, 1832 that required white pastors to lead Black religious organizations. As a result, the membership rolls decreased by nearly half. On Friday, April 14, 1834, a tornado destroyed the remodeled 1828 church building. The congregation moved to worship at the white Zion Baptist Church. In May 1856, the new African Baptist Church on Nassau street was dedicated. ","During the Civil War, the church building was used as a hospital for Confederate soldiers until the Union army took the city. Soon after in 1863, the congregation regained control of the building and changed the name to The First Baptist Church of Williamsburg. The Philadelphia Friends Freedman's Association established a school in the church that same year, which flourished until the establishment of free public schools in 1870. After the Civil War, the requirement for a white pastor was removed and the congregation was able to choose their own leadership. ","1871 saw an additional expansion of the church ground by thirty-five feet of land to the south side. In 1886, the church's womens' auxiliary committee raised funds to add a fence, a belfry and bell, a woodhouse, and in 1887, another twenty feet of land was purchased. A building committee was formed, and the structure was renovated with the side galleries removed in 1893. A fire damaged the building in 1930, but was repaired within a year. An annex was planned to be built in 1953, however, that same year Colonial Williamsburg offered $130,000 as well as a larger plot of land on Scotland street to purchase the church building on Nassau street. In August 18, 1954, the church trustees agreed to the deal. Attorney Lewis Armistead oversaw the legal proceedings while Bernard B. Spiegel was hired as the architect of the new church on Scotland Street. The church was completed in late 1956. Colonial Williamsburg demolished the Nassau street building in 1956 and constructed a parking lot. ","In the spring of 1984, the coordinator of James City County's 350th Anniversary, Mrs. Robinette Fitzsimmons, requested that church members allow visitors to tour the church, view artifacts, and listen to history lessons. That request led to the creation of the Church Historian Position, and Miss. Marie Sheppard was appointed. Sheppard agreed to Colonial Williamsburg's request with the stipulation that a history book be jointly created and requested that Colonial Williamsburg restore the Nassau street church. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation agreed, but on the condition that the 1818 version be restored instead of the 1856 church building that was demolished. The Lilly Foundation provided a grant of $74,000 for an exhibition on the history of First Baptist Church, and it opened to the public in 2003. In 2020, Colonial Williamsburg began archaeological excavations of the original church site, and in 2021 discovered evidence of human remains. Currently, the church burial grounds are undergoing further research. ","This collection is formed of materials created by the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, dating from the mid-1800s to the present day. Inculded in this collection are church records such as member rolls, meeting minutes, photographs, bibles, building blueprints, and audio visual materials.","This series contains meeting minute books, church records, and committee information related to the operation of the First Baptist Church.","A Sunday School record book from 1974-1975. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is red and black patterned with gold lettering, and has two green with white lettering stickers spelling out \"First Baptist Sunday School.\"","A Sunday School record book from 1975-1976. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is light brown, and has gold lettering with the word \"Record\" enscribed on the top right.","A check register with papers from 1942-1946. Contains dated financial information along with a group of un-folded brochures from the Church's 205th Anniversary. The register is a brown binder whose cover is separating from the spine. The cover is embossed with the Peninsula Bank and Trust Co. logo.","A minute book with typed entries from 1979-1986. Contains meeting notes from several church committees, as well as budget numbers. Bound in burgundy pleather with \"National\" stamped on the spine. The spine contains a yellow note taped to it with the entry date range.","A minute book with handwritten entries from 1951-1974. Contains meeting notes and budget calculations. The binding is missing a spine, the cover is black with red corners. Inside the book, the first page from the manufacturer reads \"Account Book, No. S64.\"","A record book spanning from 1926 to 1969. This book has various loose objects sandwiched between the pages, including grocery lists, receipts, and dated notes. The contents of the book's pages feature member information, baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","A record book that spans from 1865 to 1871. The book features member information, including baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","Meeting minutes book housed in a tan hard case, spine reads \"First Baptist Church Meeting Minutes August 1, 1887 - March 1895+,\" includes a loose letter and a conservation note.","A church minute book bound in red, the spine reads \"First Baptist Church Minutes Book 4, 1897-1922.\"","A church minute book bound in brown leather, spine reads \"First Baptist Church 1891-1950,\" a yellow note accompanies the book and reads \"Church Minutes 1879 (1893) 1950.\"","Church financial notes and records.","Two newspaper clippings and a brochure titled \"First Africans: Angela.\"","Typed meeting minutes.","A 3 inch by 2 inch sized booklet with ledger notations inside.","A stapled packet of church information created to celebrate the 226th first baptist church anniversary.","Document entitled, \"constitution and Bylaws for a baptist church.\" It contains handwritten corrections.","Nomination charts, agendas, trustee responibilites, and evaulation forms.","A dark yellow/gold packing list from Etherington Conservation Services for the convervation work done on \"Minute Book #3.\"","A group of letters and other correspondence that was held in the front binder pocket of the 1954 - 1991 Trustee Book.","Documents pertaining to the First Baptist Church that were orginally held in the front pocket of the Department of Historic Resources Historical Marker Application Binder. Also contains sign mock-ups and blueprints of the church building.","Member Register book, reads \"Church Records #9,1927\" on spine, bound in red cloth fraying at the edges, actual dates 1927-1938.","Church member records. The red, marble-bound book is labeled \"FBC Minutes 1875 Deacon /minutes September 1885,\" actual dates are 1875-1912.","A Minutes of the Deacons book, 1884-1893, in a tan hard case, book bound in red wavy marble pattern with red leather spine.","A deacon's committee meeting minutes book in a dark brown hard case, book itself is bound with a green tinted wavy marble pattern cover, spine reads \"Church Minute Book 7,\" dates 1866-1872.","A binder and 78 photographs of the First Baptist Church.","The binder contains scans of the 1956 church blueprints which are restricted. There is also a property record card, which contains land valuation assessments, items are restricted. ","The binder also includes a mock-up for signs from Scotty Signs, bill of sale, a timeline of the application for the Virginia Landmarks Register, an application for the National Register of Historic Places, a copy of the application form for the landmark recognition, article clippings, Department of Historic Resources agenda, nomination for consideration to the national and state registries,and an architecture evaluation. ","A binder containing meeting minutes and trustee documents.","A record book with a blue cover that contains diaconate records and meeting notes.","Five photograph albums and one binder from the Department of Historic Resources in Virginia.","Undated photographs and one dated choir photograph with identifcation list from 1957. This folder also houses a two page exhibition banner chart.","Photos of First Baptist Church originally housed in the Department of Historic Resources binder. Predominantly photographs showcasing the Scotland St. building.","There are three bibles in the collection. One physical object and two digital scans. There are also scans of one hymnal book.","Original is a 5\"x3 1/4\" inch bible from 1844 with handwritten notes","The bible was published in 1852 by E.T. Day, and contains a foreword. The family record section has handwritten notes, the last name \"Dunlop\" appears several times.","Cary Family Bible is a scanned copy of the covers and pages with family records and genealogy. The Bible was passed down to Alvene Patterson Conyers.","King's Message hymnal book containing church programs and patron names from around 1978-1981","Seven pages found tucked within the 1852 Bible. Two of the loose pages are titled \"Family Record\", and have handwritten notes under the headings of \"Marriages,\" \"Births,\" and \"Deaths.\" The other five loose pages are from Matthew, chapter ten through eighteen.","Oral history recordings, and three CDs.","Deacon James Baker and Marie Shepard's walking interview, July 11, 1988, followed by the third group history project interview at Ms. Julia Boyce's.","6 DVD-Rs. One is titled \"FBC Maps,\" 4 are labeled \"for DHR\" likely referring to the Department of Historic Resources, and another labeled \"National Register Nomination Materials.\" The DVD labeled \"National Register...\" is from the College of William \u0026 Mary Center for Archeological Research.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction performed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. They are labeled out of a series of 19. These blueprints contain specification (spec) sheets, that provide descritions of building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction. There is also a spiral bound booklet of plans for a \"Museum Addition and Renovation Proposal\" dated June 18th, 2001. ","The blueprints are restricted. ","A contract for the construction of the First Baptist Church to be located at Scotland Street. Fragile.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction preformed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. Seven of the blueprints are large 2 x 3 feet renderings. They are labeled out of a series of 19, this group includes pages 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 16, and 19. With these blueprints are 6 specification (spec) sheets. The specification sheets provide information for building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction.","This is the second half of the set of blueprints from 1954. The pages are numbered from 1 to 19, and this group contains numbers 10, 8, 11, 13, 18, 5, 12, 4, 14, 17, 15.","A 42 page index describing materials and work terms for the construction of the First Baptist Church on Scotland Street in 1954. Restricted.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church.","Due to the fragility of this item, it is recommended that a staff member assist any researchers when viewing.","This item is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.","Special Collections Research Center","First Baptist Church of Williamsburg","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00341","/repositories/2/resources/9602"],"normalized_title_ssm":["First Baptist Church collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["First Baptist Church collection"],"collection_ssim":["First Baptist Church collection"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"creator_ssim":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"creators_ssim":["First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--Social life and customs","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","United States -- Religion -- 19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church."],"acqinfo_ssim":["On extended loan from the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","Religion and culture","African Americans--Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Baptist Church--Virginia--History","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","Religion and culture","African Americans--Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.7 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16.7 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eViewing Series V is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem are restricted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Viewing Series V is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.","Item are restricted."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into five series. Series I, Administrative Papers; which holds documents related to the oganization and operation of the church such as meeting minutes, notes, member registers, ledgers, and bylaws. Series II, Photographs; contains images of, and pertaining to, the First Baptist Church. Series III, Bibles and Hymnals; Bibles and Hymnals either held by the church itself, or by church members. Series IV, Audiovisual Materials; CDs, audio recordings, and oral histories. And Series V, Blueprints; blueprints of the 1956 church building, as well as other documents pertaining to the construction process.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into five series. Series I, Administrative Papers; which holds documents related to the oganization and operation of the church such as meeting minutes, notes, member registers, ledgers, and bylaws. Series II, Photographs; contains images of, and pertaining to, the First Baptist Church. Series III, Bibles and Hymnals; Bibles and Hymnals either held by the church itself, or by church members. Series IV, Audiovisual Materials; CDs, audio recordings, and oral histories. And Series V, Blueprints; blueprints of the 1956 church building, as well as other documents pertaining to the construction process."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe history of the First Baptist Church (FBC) can be traced to 1776 when a group of free and enslaved Black people began publicly worshiping after the constraints of British Anglicanism was lifted in Virginia. The First Baptist Church claims to be the oldest continuously operating black congregation in the United States, as it was practicing prior to applying for admittance to the Dover Baptist Association in 1791. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWorshippers first met under a brush arbor built near Green Spring, a plantation west of Williamsburg.  A white landowner named Robert F. Coles offered the congregation space in his carriage house on Nassau Street around 1776. This is where the congregation was located when they became a part of the Dover Baptist Association as the African Baptist Church. Membership to the Association lapsed and resumed several times between 1776 and 1828. 1828 saw the remodeling of the carriage house to accommodate a growing congregation. After several rebellions against slavery across the country, including one led by Nat Turner in Southampton, Virginia, the Virginia House of Delegates passed an act on March 15, 1832 that required white pastors to lead Black religious organizations. As a result, the membership rolls decreased by nearly half. On Friday, April 14, 1834, a tornado destroyed the remodeled 1828 church building. The congregation moved to worship at the white Zion Baptist Church. In May 1856, the new African Baptist Church on Nassau street was dedicated. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Civil War, the church building was used as a hospital for Confederate soldiers until the Union army took the city. Soon after in 1863, the congregation regained control of the building and changed the name to The First Baptist Church of Williamsburg. The Philadelphia Friends Freedman's Association established a school in the church that same year, which flourished until the establishment of free public schools in 1870. After the Civil War, the requirement for a white pastor was removed and the congregation was able to choose their own leadership. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1871 saw an additional expansion of the church ground by thirty-five feet of land to the south side. In 1886, the church's womens' auxiliary committee raised funds to add a fence, a belfry and bell, a woodhouse, and in 1887, another twenty feet of land was purchased. A building committee was formed, and the structure was renovated with the side galleries removed in 1893. A fire damaged the building in 1930, but was repaired within a year. An annex was planned to be built in 1953, however, that same year Colonial Williamsburg offered $130,000 as well as a larger plot of land on Scotland street to purchase the church building on Nassau street. In August 18, 1954, the church trustees agreed to the deal. Attorney Lewis Armistead oversaw the legal proceedings while Bernard B. Spiegel was hired as the architect of the new church on Scotland Street. The church was completed in late 1956. Colonial Williamsburg demolished the Nassau street building in 1956 and constructed a parking lot. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the spring of 1984, the coordinator of James City County's 350th Anniversary, Mrs. Robinette Fitzsimmons, requested that church members allow visitors to tour the church, view artifacts, and listen to history lessons. That request led to the creation of the Church Historian Position, and Miss. Marie Sheppard was appointed. Sheppard agreed to Colonial Williamsburg's request with the stipulation that a history book be jointly created and requested that Colonial Williamsburg restore the Nassau street church. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation agreed, but on the condition that the 1818 version be restored instead of the 1856 church building that was demolished. The Lilly Foundation provided a grant of $74,000 for an exhibition on the history of First Baptist Church, and it opened to the public in 2003. In 2020, Colonial Williamsburg began archaeological excavations of the original church site, and in 2021 discovered evidence of human remains. Currently, the church burial grounds are undergoing further research. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The history of the First Baptist Church (FBC) can be traced to 1776 when a group of free and enslaved Black people began publicly worshiping after the constraints of British Anglicanism was lifted in Virginia. The First Baptist Church claims to be the oldest continuously operating black congregation in the United States, as it was practicing prior to applying for admittance to the Dover Baptist Association in 1791. ","Worshippers first met under a brush arbor built near Green Spring, a plantation west of Williamsburg.  A white landowner named Robert F. Coles offered the congregation space in his carriage house on Nassau Street around 1776. This is where the congregation was located when they became a part of the Dover Baptist Association as the African Baptist Church. Membership to the Association lapsed and resumed several times between 1776 and 1828. 1828 saw the remodeling of the carriage house to accommodate a growing congregation. After several rebellions against slavery across the country, including one led by Nat Turner in Southampton, Virginia, the Virginia House of Delegates passed an act on March 15, 1832 that required white pastors to lead Black religious organizations. As a result, the membership rolls decreased by nearly half. On Friday, April 14, 1834, a tornado destroyed the remodeled 1828 church building. The congregation moved to worship at the white Zion Baptist Church. In May 1856, the new African Baptist Church on Nassau street was dedicated. ","During the Civil War, the church building was used as a hospital for Confederate soldiers until the Union army took the city. Soon after in 1863, the congregation regained control of the building and changed the name to The First Baptist Church of Williamsburg. The Philadelphia Friends Freedman's Association established a school in the church that same year, which flourished until the establishment of free public schools in 1870. After the Civil War, the requirement for a white pastor was removed and the congregation was able to choose their own leadership. ","1871 saw an additional expansion of the church ground by thirty-five feet of land to the south side. In 1886, the church's womens' auxiliary committee raised funds to add a fence, a belfry and bell, a woodhouse, and in 1887, another twenty feet of land was purchased. A building committee was formed, and the structure was renovated with the side galleries removed in 1893. A fire damaged the building in 1930, but was repaired within a year. An annex was planned to be built in 1953, however, that same year Colonial Williamsburg offered $130,000 as well as a larger plot of land on Scotland street to purchase the church building on Nassau street. In August 18, 1954, the church trustees agreed to the deal. Attorney Lewis Armistead oversaw the legal proceedings while Bernard B. Spiegel was hired as the architect of the new church on Scotland Street. The church was completed in late 1956. Colonial Williamsburg demolished the Nassau street building in 1956 and constructed a parking lot. ","In the spring of 1984, the coordinator of James City County's 350th Anniversary, Mrs. Robinette Fitzsimmons, requested that church members allow visitors to tour the church, view artifacts, and listen to history lessons. That request led to the creation of the Church Historian Position, and Miss. Marie Sheppard was appointed. Sheppard agreed to Colonial Williamsburg's request with the stipulation that a history book be jointly created and requested that Colonial Williamsburg restore the Nassau street church. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation agreed, but on the condition that the 1818 version be restored instead of the 1856 church building that was demolished. The Lilly Foundation provided a grant of $74,000 for an exhibition on the history of First Baptist Church, and it opened to the public in 2003. In 2020, Colonial Williamsburg began archaeological excavations of the original church site, and in 2021 discovered evidence of human remains. Currently, the church burial grounds are undergoing further research. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFirst Baptist Church Collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["First Baptist Church Collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is formed of materials created by the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, dating from the mid-1800s to the present day. Inculded in this collection are church records such as member rolls, meeting minutes, photographs, bibles, building blueprints, and audio visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains meeting minute books, church records, and committee information related to the operation of the First Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Sunday School record book from 1974-1975. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is red and black patterned with gold lettering, and has two green with white lettering stickers spelling out \"First Baptist Sunday School.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Sunday School record book from 1975-1976. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is light brown, and has gold lettering with the word \"Record\" enscribed on the top right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA check register with papers from 1942-1946. Contains dated financial information along with a group of un-folded brochures from the Church's 205th Anniversary. The register is a brown binder whose cover is separating from the spine. The cover is embossed with the Peninsula Bank and Trust Co. logo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA minute book with typed entries from 1979-1986. Contains meeting notes from several church committees, as well as budget numbers. Bound in burgundy pleather with \"National\" stamped on the spine. The spine contains a yellow note taped to it with the entry date range.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA minute book with handwritten entries from 1951-1974. Contains meeting notes and budget calculations. The binding is missing a spine, the cover is black with red corners. Inside the book, the first page from the manufacturer reads \"Account Book, No. S64.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA record book spanning from 1926 to 1969. This book has various loose objects sandwiched between the pages, including grocery lists, receipts, and dated notes. The contents of the book's pages feature member information, baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA record book that spans from 1865 to 1871. The book features member information, including baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeeting minutes book housed in a tan hard case, spine reads \"First Baptist Church Meeting Minutes August 1, 1887 - March 1895+,\" includes a loose letter and a conservation note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA church minute book bound in red, the spine reads \"First Baptist Church Minutes Book 4, 1897-1922.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA church minute book bound in brown leather, spine reads \"First Baptist Church 1891-1950,\" a yellow note accompanies the book and reads \"Church Minutes 1879 (1893) 1950.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChurch financial notes and records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo newspaper clippings and a brochure titled \"First Africans: Angela.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 3 inch by 2 inch sized booklet with ledger notations inside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA stapled packet of church information created to celebrate the 226th first baptist church anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument entitled, \"constitution and Bylaws for a baptist church.\" It contains handwritten corrections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNomination charts, agendas, trustee responibilites, and evaulation forms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA dark yellow/gold packing list from Etherington Conservation Services for the convervation work done on \"Minute Book #3.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA group of letters and other correspondence that was held in the front binder pocket of the 1954 - 1991 Trustee Book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments pertaining to the First Baptist Church that were orginally held in the front pocket of the Department of Historic Resources Historical Marker Application Binder. Also contains sign mock-ups and blueprints of the church building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMember Register book, reads \"Church Records #9,1927\" on spine, bound in red cloth fraying at the edges, actual dates 1927-1938.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChurch member records. The red, marble-bound book is labeled \"FBC Minutes 1875 Deacon /minutes September 1885,\" actual dates are 1875-1912.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Minutes of the Deacons book, 1884-1893, in a tan hard case, book bound in red wavy marble pattern with red leather spine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA deacon's committee meeting minutes book in a dark brown hard case, book itself is bound with a green tinted wavy marble pattern cover, spine reads \"Church Minute Book 7,\" dates 1866-1872.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA binder and 78 photographs of the First Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe binder contains scans of the 1956 church blueprints which are restricted. There is also a property record card, which contains land valuation assessments, items are restricted. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe binder also includes a mock-up for signs from Scotty Signs, bill of sale, a timeline of the application for the Virginia Landmarks Register, an application for the National Register of Historic Places, a copy of the application form for the landmark recognition, article clippings, Department of Historic Resources agenda, nomination for consideration to the national and state registries,and an architecture evaluation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA binder containing meeting minutes and trustee documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA record book with a blue cover that contains diaconate records and meeting notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFive photograph albums and one binder from the Department of Historic Resources in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUndated photographs and one dated choir photograph with identifcation list from 1957. This folder also houses a two page exhibition banner chart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of First Baptist Church originally housed in the Department of Historic Resources binder. Predominantly photographs showcasing the Scotland St. building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are three bibles in the collection. One physical object and two digital scans. There are also scans of one hymnal book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal is a 5\"x3 1/4\" inch bible from 1844 with handwritten notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bible was published in 1852 by E.T. Day, and contains a foreword. The family record section has handwritten notes, the last name \"Dunlop\" appears several times.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCary Family Bible is a scanned copy of the covers and pages with family records and genealogy. The Bible was passed down to Alvene Patterson Conyers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKing's Message hymnal book containing church programs and patron names from around 1978-1981\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeven pages found tucked within the 1852 Bible. Two of the loose pages are titled \"Family Record\", and have handwritten notes under the headings of \"Marriages,\" \"Births,\" and \"Deaths.\" The other five loose pages are from Matthew, chapter ten through eighteen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history recordings, and three CDs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeacon James Baker and Marie Shepard's walking interview, July 11, 1988, followed by the third group history project interview at Ms. Julia Boyce's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 DVD-Rs. One is titled \"FBC Maps,\" 4 are labeled \"for DHR\" likely referring to the Department of Historic Resources, and another labeled \"National Register Nomination Materials.\" The DVD labeled \"National Register...\" is from the College of William \u0026amp; Mary Center for Archeological Research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction performed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. They are labeled out of a series of 19. These blueprints contain specification (spec) sheets, that provide descritions of building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction. There is also a spiral bound booklet of plans for a \"Museum Addition and Renovation Proposal\" dated June 18th, 2001. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe blueprints are restricted. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA contract for the construction of the First Baptist Church to be located at Scotland Street. Fragile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction preformed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. Seven of the blueprints are large 2 x 3 feet renderings. They are labeled out of a series of 19, this group includes pages 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 16, and 19. With these blueprints are 6 specification (spec) sheets. The specification sheets provide information for building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the second half of the set of blueprints from 1954. The pages are numbered from 1 to 19, and this group contains numbers 10, 8, 11, 13, 18, 5, 12, 4, 14, 17, 15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 42 page index describing materials and work terms for the construction of the First Baptist Church on Scotland Street in 1954. Restricted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is formed of materials created by the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, dating from the mid-1800s to the present day. Inculded in this collection are church records such as member rolls, meeting minutes, photographs, bibles, building blueprints, and audio visual materials.","This series contains meeting minute books, church records, and committee information related to the operation of the First Baptist Church.","A Sunday School record book from 1974-1975. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is red and black patterned with gold lettering, and has two green with white lettering stickers spelling out \"First Baptist Sunday School.\"","A Sunday School record book from 1975-1976. Contains collection reports, attendance records, and meeting notes. The cover is light brown, and has gold lettering with the word \"Record\" enscribed on the top right.","A check register with papers from 1942-1946. Contains dated financial information along with a group of un-folded brochures from the Church's 205th Anniversary. The register is a brown binder whose cover is separating from the spine. The cover is embossed with the Peninsula Bank and Trust Co. logo.","A minute book with typed entries from 1979-1986. Contains meeting notes from several church committees, as well as budget numbers. Bound in burgundy pleather with \"National\" stamped on the spine. The spine contains a yellow note taped to it with the entry date range.","A minute book with handwritten entries from 1951-1974. Contains meeting notes and budget calculations. The binding is missing a spine, the cover is black with red corners. Inside the book, the first page from the manufacturer reads \"Account Book, No. S64.\"","A record book spanning from 1926 to 1969. This book has various loose objects sandwiched between the pages, including grocery lists, receipts, and dated notes. The contents of the book's pages feature member information, baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","A record book that spans from 1865 to 1871. The book features member information, including baptism and death dates. These records are followed by church meeting notes, which include information on the collection numbers, membership, leadership decisions, and the actions of various committees.","Meeting minutes book housed in a tan hard case, spine reads \"First Baptist Church Meeting Minutes August 1, 1887 - March 1895+,\" includes a loose letter and a conservation note.","A church minute book bound in red, the spine reads \"First Baptist Church Minutes Book 4, 1897-1922.\"","A church minute book bound in brown leather, spine reads \"First Baptist Church 1891-1950,\" a yellow note accompanies the book and reads \"Church Minutes 1879 (1893) 1950.\"","Church financial notes and records.","Two newspaper clippings and a brochure titled \"First Africans: Angela.\"","Typed meeting minutes.","A 3 inch by 2 inch sized booklet with ledger notations inside.","A stapled packet of church information created to celebrate the 226th first baptist church anniversary.","Document entitled, \"constitution and Bylaws for a baptist church.\" It contains handwritten corrections.","Nomination charts, agendas, trustee responibilites, and evaulation forms.","A dark yellow/gold packing list from Etherington Conservation Services for the convervation work done on \"Minute Book #3.\"","A group of letters and other correspondence that was held in the front binder pocket of the 1954 - 1991 Trustee Book.","Documents pertaining to the First Baptist Church that were orginally held in the front pocket of the Department of Historic Resources Historical Marker Application Binder. Also contains sign mock-ups and blueprints of the church building.","Member Register book, reads \"Church Records #9,1927\" on spine, bound in red cloth fraying at the edges, actual dates 1927-1938.","Church member records. The red, marble-bound book is labeled \"FBC Minutes 1875 Deacon /minutes September 1885,\" actual dates are 1875-1912.","A Minutes of the Deacons book, 1884-1893, in a tan hard case, book bound in red wavy marble pattern with red leather spine.","A deacon's committee meeting minutes book in a dark brown hard case, book itself is bound with a green tinted wavy marble pattern cover, spine reads \"Church Minute Book 7,\" dates 1866-1872.","A binder and 78 photographs of the First Baptist Church.","The binder contains scans of the 1956 church blueprints which are restricted. There is also a property record card, which contains land valuation assessments, items are restricted. ","The binder also includes a mock-up for signs from Scotty Signs, bill of sale, a timeline of the application for the Virginia Landmarks Register, an application for the National Register of Historic Places, a copy of the application form for the landmark recognition, article clippings, Department of Historic Resources agenda, nomination for consideration to the national and state registries,and an architecture evaluation. ","A binder containing meeting minutes and trustee documents.","A record book with a blue cover that contains diaconate records and meeting notes.","Five photograph albums and one binder from the Department of Historic Resources in Virginia.","Undated photographs and one dated choir photograph with identifcation list from 1957. This folder also houses a two page exhibition banner chart.","Photos of First Baptist Church originally housed in the Department of Historic Resources binder. Predominantly photographs showcasing the Scotland St. building.","There are three bibles in the collection. One physical object and two digital scans. There are also scans of one hymnal book.","Original is a 5\"x3 1/4\" inch bible from 1844 with handwritten notes","The bible was published in 1852 by E.T. Day, and contains a foreword. The family record section has handwritten notes, the last name \"Dunlop\" appears several times.","Cary Family Bible is a scanned copy of the covers and pages with family records and genealogy. The Bible was passed down to Alvene Patterson Conyers.","King's Message hymnal book containing church programs and patron names from around 1978-1981","Seven pages found tucked within the 1852 Bible. Two of the loose pages are titled \"Family Record\", and have handwritten notes under the headings of \"Marriages,\" \"Births,\" and \"Deaths.\" The other five loose pages are from Matthew, chapter ten through eighteen.","Oral history recordings, and three CDs.","Deacon James Baker and Marie Shepard's walking interview, July 11, 1988, followed by the third group history project interview at Ms. Julia Boyce's.","6 DVD-Rs. One is titled \"FBC Maps,\" 4 are labeled \"for DHR\" likely referring to the Department of Historic Resources, and another labeled \"National Register Nomination Materials.\" The DVD labeled \"National Register...\" is from the College of William \u0026 Mary Center for Archeological Research.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction performed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. They are labeled out of a series of 19. These blueprints contain specification (spec) sheets, that provide descritions of building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction. There is also a spiral bound booklet of plans for a \"Museum Addition and Renovation Proposal\" dated June 18th, 2001. ","The blueprints are restricted. ","A contract for the construction of the First Baptist Church to be located at Scotland Street. Fragile.","A series of architectural drawings and specifications sheets from construction preformed for the First Baptist Church in 1956. Seven of the blueprints are large 2 x 3 feet renderings. They are labeled out of a series of 19, this group includes pages 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 16, and 19. With these blueprints are 6 specification (spec) sheets. The specification sheets provide information for building terms, contract expectations, and materials that will be used during construction.","This is the second half of the set of blueprints from 1954. The pages are numbered from 1 to 19, and this group contains numbers 10, 8, 11, 13, 18, 5, 12, 4, 14, 17, 15.","A 42 page index describing materials and work terms for the construction of the First Baptist Church on Scotland Street in 1954. Restricted."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the fragility of this item, it is recommended that a staff member assist any researchers when viewing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from The First Baptist Church.","Due to the fragility of this item, it is recommended that a staff member assist any researchers when viewing.","This item is restricted to members of the First Baptist Church of Williamsburg."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","First Baptist Church of Williamsburg"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":75,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:01:47.341Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9602"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Helen M. Hoskins papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1885#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hoskins, Helen M.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1885#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1885#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1885.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hoskins, Helen M., Papers","title_ssm":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"title_tesim":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1868","1845-1860"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1845-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1868"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2013.226","/repositories/2/resources/1885"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2013.226","/repositories/2/resources/1885","Helen M. Hoskins papers","African Americans--Religion","Hampton (Va.)--History--19th century","Presidents--United States--Election--1848","Religion and culture","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Mexican War, 1845-1848","Women--Education--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers.","This collection is arranged into two series, correspondence and ephemera. The correspondences are arranged chronologically by author and recipient, and the ephemera is arranged chronologically.","The fragile nature of this material may limit handling.","Accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.","Mary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13).","The collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.","Some of the topics covered in the papers include the 1848 U.S. Presidential Election, The Mexican-American War, slave uprisings in Hampton, Virginia, the education of women, benevolence societies, Sunday school, social comparisons between the north and south, the Know Nothing movement, and outbreaks of various diseases including cholera, yellow fever, dysentary, and small pox in Virginia in the 1840s and 1850s, as well as diseases common to young children and the prevalence of influenza and bilious fever. Folder includes 50 letters and 2 undated letter fragments.","Located in Ohio. Topics include the distinction of states as loyal and in rebellion, the appearance of rebel leader John Morgan in southern Ohio in the summer of 1863 and the northern response, the disruption of daily activities including mail services due to the civil war, reference to the riots in New York in regards to the draft, the 100th anniversary of the Methodist church in England and America. Helen and her husband are often ill, and Helen speaks frequently of homeopathic and plant-based medicinal practices. Includes 21 letters and 1 undated letter fragment.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her nephew L. Curtis. Topics include the death of two students of typhus fever at Hamilton College, the dismissal of the student body, and religious philosophy. 2 letters.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her niece and nephew. They write their separate letters on the same paper. They discuss life on their rural farm and births, deaths, and weddings in their family. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's husband. Topics include what he perceives as Sabra's mistreatment of Helen, the possibility of her moving in with them, and the provision and management of her finances. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's son, Horace. Topics include his daily activities, drawings, his parents' health, and his reluctance to write letters. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her granddaughter, Mary. Mary writes about her parents and siblings, the birth of her sister, her studies in school, and the activities of their church. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from family members and friends writing about their daily lives and Helen's future teacher, L. Kellogg, on her tuition fees. 7 items.","Includes a letter to a probate judge asking if she, Sabra, could own retain land willed to her from her father and a letter requesting the delivery of groceries. 2 items.","Letters to Helen Hoskins from her mother. Letters include discussion of daily life in Sheffield, Massachusetts, especially the happenings of the church, references to religious revivalism, the 1860 census, the 1860 election, and the declaration of Civil War. 24 items. Letter dated January 13, 1859 included a small scrap of linen. The fabric is referenced in the letter. It has been removed and placed in the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.01).","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from either a childhood friend or cousin. Contents include frequent references to religion, references to an argument and subsequent falling out of the two friends, and discussion of the duties of a housewife. 5 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. The contents are centered on religion. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from her cousin. The letters discuss their daily lives, families, and religious devotion.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend in Hampton, Virginia. Letters discuss their lives and the lives of acquaintances in Hampton. Helen's future husband, H.T. Wheeler is first mentioned in these letters. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. Contents include discussions on their family and acquaintances. 4 items.","Letters to Helen from various friends, family, and acquaitances. Contents include a letter from her husband, H.T. Wheeler, written on the back of a pamphlet for the Morris Female Institute listing \"H.T. Wheeler, A.M. and Lady\" as principals and an apology letter from one of Helen's students. 12 items.","Letters to Franklin Hoskins, Helen's brother, from a friend. They discuss their family, daily lives, and, particularly, the illnesses that they frequently encounter. 2 items.","Letters to various Hoskins family members primarily from other Hoskins family members. 4 items.","Letter from H.T. Wheeler, husband of Helen M. Hoskins, to their son, Horace. The letter discusses the weather in Tuskegee, Alabama, and includes the first commandment written in Hebrew. 1 item.","Content refer heavily to previous correspondences. Given the date, author, recipient, and contents, it is unlikely that this letter belongs with the rest of the Helen M. Hoskins papers. 1 item","Ephemera related to the Hoskins family. Includes Asa Hoskins's, husband of Sabra C. Hoskins and father of Helen M. Hoskins, appointment to lieutenant in the Massachusetts militia in 1818, an account book to a local grocery store, drawings, poems, prayers, and song lyrics, and a sewing sample that has been relocated to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.02).","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Hoskins, Helen M.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2013.226","/repositories/2/resources/1885"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"collection_ssim":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"creator_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"creators_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2013.226 was received by Special Collections via U.S.P.S. on 8/14/2013. The collection was purchased for Swem Library with support from the Clarice Garrison Quasi Endowment."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Religion","Hampton (Va.)--History--19th century","Presidents--United States--Election--1848","Religion and culture","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Mexican War, 1845-1848","Women--Education--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Religion","Hampton (Va.)--History--19th century","Presidents--United States--Election--1848","Religion and culture","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Mexican War, 1845-1848","Women--Education--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into two series, correspondence and ephemera. The correspondences are arranged chronologically by author and recipient, and the ephemera is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into two series, correspondence and ephemera. The correspondences are arranged chronologically by author and recipient, and the ephemera is arranged chronologically."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe fragile nature of this material may limit handling.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["The fragile nature of this material may limit handling."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen M. Hoskins Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen M. Hoskins Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the topics covered in the papers include the 1848 U.S. Presidential Election, The Mexican-American War, slave uprisings in Hampton, Virginia, the education of women, benevolence societies, Sunday school, social comparisons between the north and south, the Know Nothing movement, and outbreaks of various diseases including cholera, yellow fever, dysentary, and small pox in Virginia in the 1840s and 1850s, as well as diseases common to young children and the prevalence of influenza and bilious fever. Folder includes 50 letters and 2 undated letter fragments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLocated in Ohio. Topics include the distinction of states as loyal and in rebellion, the appearance of rebel leader John Morgan in southern Ohio in the summer of 1863 and the northern response, the disruption of daily activities including mail services due to the civil war, reference to the riots in New York in regards to the draft, the 100th anniversary of the Methodist church in England and America. Helen and her husband are often ill, and Helen speaks frequently of homeopathic and plant-based medicinal practices. Includes 21 letters and 1 undated letter fragment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her nephew L. Curtis. Topics include the death of two students of typhus fever at Hamilton College, the dismissal of the student body, and religious philosophy. 2 letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her niece and nephew. They write their separate letters on the same paper. They discuss life on their rural farm and births, deaths, and weddings in their family. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's husband. Topics include what he perceives as Sabra's mistreatment of Helen, the possibility of her moving in with them, and the provision and management of her finances. 3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's son, Horace. Topics include his daily activities, drawings, his parents' health, and his reluctance to write letters. 3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her granddaughter, Mary. Mary writes about her parents and siblings, the birth of her sister, her studies in school, and the activities of their church. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from family members and friends writing about their daily lives and Helen's future teacher, L. Kellogg, on her tuition fees. 7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a letter to a probate judge asking if she, Sabra, could own retain land willed to her from her father and a letter requesting the delivery of groceries. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen Hoskins from her mother. Letters include discussion of daily life in Sheffield, Massachusetts, especially the happenings of the church, references to religious revivalism, the 1860 census, the 1860 election, and the declaration of Civil War. 24 items. Letter dated January 13, 1859 included a small scrap of linen. The fabric is referenced in the letter. It has been removed and placed in the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.01).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from either a childhood friend or cousin. Contents include frequent references to religion, references to an argument and subsequent falling out of the two friends, and discussion of the duties of a housewife. 5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. The contents are centered on religion. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from her cousin. The letters discuss their daily lives, families, and religious devotion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend in Hampton, Virginia. Letters discuss their lives and the lives of acquaintances in Hampton. Helen's future husband, H.T. Wheeler is first mentioned in these letters. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. Contents include discussions on their family and acquaintances. 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen from various friends, family, and acquaitances. Contents include a letter from her husband, H.T. Wheeler, written on the back of a pamphlet for the Morris Female Institute listing \"H.T. Wheeler, A.M. and Lady\" as principals and an apology letter from one of Helen's students. 12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Franklin Hoskins, Helen's brother, from a friend. They discuss their family, daily lives, and, particularly, the illnesses that they frequently encounter. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to various Hoskins family members primarily from other Hoskins family members. 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from H.T. Wheeler, husband of Helen M. Hoskins, to their son, Horace. The letter discusses the weather in Tuskegee, Alabama, and includes the first commandment written in Hebrew. 1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContent refer heavily to previous correspondences. Given the date, author, recipient, and contents, it is unlikely that this letter belongs with the rest of the Helen M. Hoskins papers. 1 item\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEphemera related to the Hoskins family. Includes Asa Hoskins's, husband of Sabra C. Hoskins and father of Helen M. Hoskins, appointment to lieutenant in the Massachusetts militia in 1818, an account book to a local grocery store, drawings, poems, prayers, and song lyrics, and a sewing sample that has been relocated to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.02).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.","Some of the topics covered in the papers include the 1848 U.S. Presidential Election, The Mexican-American War, slave uprisings in Hampton, Virginia, the education of women, benevolence societies, Sunday school, social comparisons between the north and south, the Know Nothing movement, and outbreaks of various diseases including cholera, yellow fever, dysentary, and small pox in Virginia in the 1840s and 1850s, as well as diseases common to young children and the prevalence of influenza and bilious fever. Folder includes 50 letters and 2 undated letter fragments.","Located in Ohio. Topics include the distinction of states as loyal and in rebellion, the appearance of rebel leader John Morgan in southern Ohio in the summer of 1863 and the northern response, the disruption of daily activities including mail services due to the civil war, reference to the riots in New York in regards to the draft, the 100th anniversary of the Methodist church in England and America. Helen and her husband are often ill, and Helen speaks frequently of homeopathic and plant-based medicinal practices. Includes 21 letters and 1 undated letter fragment.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her nephew L. Curtis. Topics include the death of two students of typhus fever at Hamilton College, the dismissal of the student body, and religious philosophy. 2 letters.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her niece and nephew. They write their separate letters on the same paper. They discuss life on their rural farm and births, deaths, and weddings in their family. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's husband. Topics include what he perceives as Sabra's mistreatment of Helen, the possibility of her moving in with them, and the provision and management of her finances. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's son, Horace. Topics include his daily activities, drawings, his parents' health, and his reluctance to write letters. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her granddaughter, Mary. Mary writes about her parents and siblings, the birth of her sister, her studies in school, and the activities of their church. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from family members and friends writing about their daily lives and Helen's future teacher, L. Kellogg, on her tuition fees. 7 items.","Includes a letter to a probate judge asking if she, Sabra, could own retain land willed to her from her father and a letter requesting the delivery of groceries. 2 items.","Letters to Helen Hoskins from her mother. Letters include discussion of daily life in Sheffield, Massachusetts, especially the happenings of the church, references to religious revivalism, the 1860 census, the 1860 election, and the declaration of Civil War. 24 items. Letter dated January 13, 1859 included a small scrap of linen. The fabric is referenced in the letter. It has been removed and placed in the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.01).","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from either a childhood friend or cousin. Contents include frequent references to religion, references to an argument and subsequent falling out of the two friends, and discussion of the duties of a housewife. 5 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. The contents are centered on religion. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from her cousin. The letters discuss their daily lives, families, and religious devotion.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend in Hampton, Virginia. Letters discuss their lives and the lives of acquaintances in Hampton. Helen's future husband, H.T. Wheeler is first mentioned in these letters. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. Contents include discussions on their family and acquaintances. 4 items.","Letters to Helen from various friends, family, and acquaitances. Contents include a letter from her husband, H.T. Wheeler, written on the back of a pamphlet for the Morris Female Institute listing \"H.T. Wheeler, A.M. and Lady\" as principals and an apology letter from one of Helen's students. 12 items.","Letters to Franklin Hoskins, Helen's brother, from a friend. They discuss their family, daily lives, and, particularly, the illnesses that they frequently encounter. 2 items.","Letters to various Hoskins family members primarily from other Hoskins family members. 4 items.","Letter from H.T. Wheeler, husband of Helen M. Hoskins, to their son, Horace. The letter discusses the weather in Tuskegee, Alabama, and includes the first commandment written in Hebrew. 1 item.","Content refer heavily to previous correspondences. Given the date, author, recipient, and contents, it is unlikely that this letter belongs with the rest of the Helen M. Hoskins papers. 1 item","Ephemera related to the Hoskins family. Includes Asa Hoskins's, husband of Sabra C. Hoskins and father of Helen M. Hoskins, appointment to lieutenant in the Massachusetts militia in 1818, an account book to a local grocery store, drawings, poems, prayers, and song lyrics, and a sewing sample that has been relocated to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.02)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Hoskins, Helen M."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":23,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T22:45:25.155Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1885","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1885.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hoskins, Helen M., Papers","title_ssm":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"title_tesim":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1868","1845-1860"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1845-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1868"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2013.226","/repositories/2/resources/1885"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2013.226","/repositories/2/resources/1885","Helen M. Hoskins papers","African Americans--Religion","Hampton (Va.)--History--19th century","Presidents--United States--Election--1848","Religion and culture","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Mexican War, 1845-1848","Women--Education--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers.","This collection is arranged into two series, correspondence and ephemera. The correspondences are arranged chronologically by author and recipient, and the ephemera is arranged chronologically.","The fragile nature of this material may limit handling.","Accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.","Mary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13).","The collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.","Some of the topics covered in the papers include the 1848 U.S. Presidential Election, The Mexican-American War, slave uprisings in Hampton, Virginia, the education of women, benevolence societies, Sunday school, social comparisons between the north and south, the Know Nothing movement, and outbreaks of various diseases including cholera, yellow fever, dysentary, and small pox in Virginia in the 1840s and 1850s, as well as diseases common to young children and the prevalence of influenza and bilious fever. Folder includes 50 letters and 2 undated letter fragments.","Located in Ohio. Topics include the distinction of states as loyal and in rebellion, the appearance of rebel leader John Morgan in southern Ohio in the summer of 1863 and the northern response, the disruption of daily activities including mail services due to the civil war, reference to the riots in New York in regards to the draft, the 100th anniversary of the Methodist church in England and America. Helen and her husband are often ill, and Helen speaks frequently of homeopathic and plant-based medicinal practices. Includes 21 letters and 1 undated letter fragment.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her nephew L. Curtis. Topics include the death of two students of typhus fever at Hamilton College, the dismissal of the student body, and religious philosophy. 2 letters.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her niece and nephew. They write their separate letters on the same paper. They discuss life on their rural farm and births, deaths, and weddings in their family. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's husband. Topics include what he perceives as Sabra's mistreatment of Helen, the possibility of her moving in with them, and the provision and management of her finances. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's son, Horace. Topics include his daily activities, drawings, his parents' health, and his reluctance to write letters. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her granddaughter, Mary. Mary writes about her parents and siblings, the birth of her sister, her studies in school, and the activities of their church. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from family members and friends writing about their daily lives and Helen's future teacher, L. Kellogg, on her tuition fees. 7 items.","Includes a letter to a probate judge asking if she, Sabra, could own retain land willed to her from her father and a letter requesting the delivery of groceries. 2 items.","Letters to Helen Hoskins from her mother. Letters include discussion of daily life in Sheffield, Massachusetts, especially the happenings of the church, references to religious revivalism, the 1860 census, the 1860 election, and the declaration of Civil War. 24 items. Letter dated January 13, 1859 included a small scrap of linen. The fabric is referenced in the letter. It has been removed and placed in the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.01).","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from either a childhood friend or cousin. Contents include frequent references to religion, references to an argument and subsequent falling out of the two friends, and discussion of the duties of a housewife. 5 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. The contents are centered on religion. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from her cousin. The letters discuss their daily lives, families, and religious devotion.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend in Hampton, Virginia. Letters discuss their lives and the lives of acquaintances in Hampton. Helen's future husband, H.T. Wheeler is first mentioned in these letters. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. Contents include discussions on their family and acquaintances. 4 items.","Letters to Helen from various friends, family, and acquaitances. Contents include a letter from her husband, H.T. Wheeler, written on the back of a pamphlet for the Morris Female Institute listing \"H.T. Wheeler, A.M. and Lady\" as principals and an apology letter from one of Helen's students. 12 items.","Letters to Franklin Hoskins, Helen's brother, from a friend. They discuss their family, daily lives, and, particularly, the illnesses that they frequently encounter. 2 items.","Letters to various Hoskins family members primarily from other Hoskins family members. 4 items.","Letter from H.T. Wheeler, husband of Helen M. Hoskins, to their son, Horace. The letter discusses the weather in Tuskegee, Alabama, and includes the first commandment written in Hebrew. 1 item.","Content refer heavily to previous correspondences. Given the date, author, recipient, and contents, it is unlikely that this letter belongs with the rest of the Helen M. Hoskins papers. 1 item","Ephemera related to the Hoskins family. Includes Asa Hoskins's, husband of Sabra C. Hoskins and father of Helen M. Hoskins, appointment to lieutenant in the Massachusetts militia in 1818, an account book to a local grocery store, drawings, poems, prayers, and song lyrics, and a sewing sample that has been relocated to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.02).","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Hoskins, Helen M.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2013.226","/repositories/2/resources/1885"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"collection_ssim":["Helen M. Hoskins papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"creator_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"creators_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2013.226 was received by Special Collections via U.S.P.S. on 8/14/2013. The collection was purchased for Swem Library with support from the Clarice Garrison Quasi Endowment."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Religion","Hampton (Va.)--History--19th century","Presidents--United States--Election--1848","Religion and culture","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Mexican War, 1845-1848","Women--Education--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Religion","Hampton (Va.)--History--19th century","Presidents--United States--Election--1848","Religion and culture","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Mexican War, 1845-1848","Women--Education--Virginia","Women--Virginia--Social life and customs","Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Printed ephemera","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into two series, correspondence and ephemera. The correspondences are arranged chronologically by author and recipient, and the ephemera is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into two series, correspondence and ephemera. The correspondences are arranged chronologically by author and recipient, and the ephemera is arranged chronologically."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe fragile nature of this material may limit handling.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["The fragile nature of this material may limit handling."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen M. Hoskins Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen M. Hoskins Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the topics covered in the papers include the 1848 U.S. Presidential Election, The Mexican-American War, slave uprisings in Hampton, Virginia, the education of women, benevolence societies, Sunday school, social comparisons between the north and south, the Know Nothing movement, and outbreaks of various diseases including cholera, yellow fever, dysentary, and small pox in Virginia in the 1840s and 1850s, as well as diseases common to young children and the prevalence of influenza and bilious fever. Folder includes 50 letters and 2 undated letter fragments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLocated in Ohio. Topics include the distinction of states as loyal and in rebellion, the appearance of rebel leader John Morgan in southern Ohio in the summer of 1863 and the northern response, the disruption of daily activities including mail services due to the civil war, reference to the riots in New York in regards to the draft, the 100th anniversary of the Methodist church in England and America. Helen and her husband are often ill, and Helen speaks frequently of homeopathic and plant-based medicinal practices. Includes 21 letters and 1 undated letter fragment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her nephew L. Curtis. Topics include the death of two students of typhus fever at Hamilton College, the dismissal of the student body, and religious philosophy. 2 letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her niece and nephew. They write their separate letters on the same paper. They discuss life on their rural farm and births, deaths, and weddings in their family. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's husband. Topics include what he perceives as Sabra's mistreatment of Helen, the possibility of her moving in with them, and the provision and management of her finances. 3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's son, Horace. Topics include his daily activities, drawings, his parents' health, and his reluctance to write letters. 3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her granddaughter, Mary. Mary writes about her parents and siblings, the birth of her sister, her studies in school, and the activities of their church. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Sabra C. Hoskins from family members and friends writing about their daily lives and Helen's future teacher, L. Kellogg, on her tuition fees. 7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a letter to a probate judge asking if she, Sabra, could own retain land willed to her from her father and a letter requesting the delivery of groceries. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen Hoskins from her mother. Letters include discussion of daily life in Sheffield, Massachusetts, especially the happenings of the church, references to religious revivalism, the 1860 census, the 1860 election, and the declaration of Civil War. 24 items. Letter dated January 13, 1859 included a small scrap of linen. The fabric is referenced in the letter. It has been removed and placed in the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.01).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from either a childhood friend or cousin. Contents include frequent references to religion, references to an argument and subsequent falling out of the two friends, and discussion of the duties of a housewife. 5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. The contents are centered on religion. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from her cousin. The letters discuss their daily lives, families, and religious devotion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend in Hampton, Virginia. Letters discuss their lives and the lives of acquaintances in Hampton. Helen's future husband, H.T. Wheeler is first mentioned in these letters. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. Contents include discussions on their family and acquaintances. 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Helen from various friends, family, and acquaitances. Contents include a letter from her husband, H.T. Wheeler, written on the back of a pamphlet for the Morris Female Institute listing \"H.T. Wheeler, A.M. and Lady\" as principals and an apology letter from one of Helen's students. 12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Franklin Hoskins, Helen's brother, from a friend. They discuss their family, daily lives, and, particularly, the illnesses that they frequently encounter. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to various Hoskins family members primarily from other Hoskins family members. 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from H.T. Wheeler, husband of Helen M. Hoskins, to their son, Horace. The letter discusses the weather in Tuskegee, Alabama, and includes the first commandment written in Hebrew. 1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContent refer heavily to previous correspondences. Given the date, author, recipient, and contents, it is unlikely that this letter belongs with the rest of the Helen M. Hoskins papers. 1 item\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEphemera related to the Hoskins family. Includes Asa Hoskins's, husband of Sabra C. Hoskins and father of Helen M. Hoskins, appointment to lieutenant in the Massachusetts militia in 1818, an account book to a local grocery store, drawings, poems, prayers, and song lyrics, and a sewing sample that has been relocated to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.02).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.","Some of the topics covered in the papers include the 1848 U.S. Presidential Election, The Mexican-American War, slave uprisings in Hampton, Virginia, the education of women, benevolence societies, Sunday school, social comparisons between the north and south, the Know Nothing movement, and outbreaks of various diseases including cholera, yellow fever, dysentary, and small pox in Virginia in the 1840s and 1850s, as well as diseases common to young children and the prevalence of influenza and bilious fever. Folder includes 50 letters and 2 undated letter fragments.","Located in Ohio. Topics include the distinction of states as loyal and in rebellion, the appearance of rebel leader John Morgan in southern Ohio in the summer of 1863 and the northern response, the disruption of daily activities including mail services due to the civil war, reference to the riots in New York in regards to the draft, the 100th anniversary of the Methodist church in England and America. Helen and her husband are often ill, and Helen speaks frequently of homeopathic and plant-based medicinal practices. Includes 21 letters and 1 undated letter fragment.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her nephew L. Curtis. Topics include the death of two students of typhus fever at Hamilton College, the dismissal of the student body, and religious philosophy. 2 letters.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her niece and nephew. They write their separate letters on the same paper. They discuss life on their rural farm and births, deaths, and weddings in their family. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's husband. Topics include what he perceives as Sabra's mistreatment of Helen, the possibility of her moving in with them, and the provision and management of her finances. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from Helen's son, Horace. Topics include his daily activities, drawings, his parents' health, and his reluctance to write letters. 3 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from her granddaughter, Mary. Mary writes about her parents and siblings, the birth of her sister, her studies in school, and the activities of their church. 2 items.","Letters to Sabra C. Hoskins from family members and friends writing about their daily lives and Helen's future teacher, L. Kellogg, on her tuition fees. 7 items.","Includes a letter to a probate judge asking if she, Sabra, could own retain land willed to her from her father and a letter requesting the delivery of groceries. 2 items.","Letters to Helen Hoskins from her mother. Letters include discussion of daily life in Sheffield, Massachusetts, especially the happenings of the church, references to religious revivalism, the 1860 census, the 1860 election, and the declaration of Civil War. 24 items. Letter dated January 13, 1859 included a small scrap of linen. The fabric is referenced in the letter. It has been removed and placed in the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.01).","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from either a childhood friend or cousin. Contents include frequent references to religion, references to an argument and subsequent falling out of the two friends, and discussion of the duties of a housewife. 5 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. The contents are centered on religion. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from her cousin. The letters discuss their daily lives, families, and religious devotion.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend in Hampton, Virginia. Letters discuss their lives and the lives of acquaintances in Hampton. Helen's future husband, H.T. Wheeler is first mentioned in these letters. 2 items.","Letters to Helen M. Hoskins from a friend. Contents include discussions on their family and acquaintances. 4 items.","Letters to Helen from various friends, family, and acquaitances. Contents include a letter from her husband, H.T. Wheeler, written on the back of a pamphlet for the Morris Female Institute listing \"H.T. Wheeler, A.M. and Lady\" as principals and an apology letter from one of Helen's students. 12 items.","Letters to Franklin Hoskins, Helen's brother, from a friend. They discuss their family, daily lives, and, particularly, the illnesses that they frequently encounter. 2 items.","Letters to various Hoskins family members primarily from other Hoskins family members. 4 items.","Letter from H.T. Wheeler, husband of Helen M. Hoskins, to their son, Horace. The letter discusses the weather in Tuskegee, Alabama, and includes the first commandment written in Hebrew. 1 item.","Content refer heavily to previous correspondences. Given the date, author, recipient, and contents, it is unlikely that this letter belongs with the rest of the Helen M. Hoskins papers. 1 item","Ephemera related to the Hoskins family. Includes Asa Hoskins's, husband of Sabra C. Hoskins and father of Helen M. Hoskins, appointment to lieutenant in the Massachusetts militia in 1818, an account book to a local grocery store, drawings, poems, prayers, and song lyrics, and a sewing sample that has been relocated to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection (Mss 2013.226.02)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Hoskins, Helen M."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":23,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T22:45:25.155Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1885"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9910#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. Also included is a small ambrotype photograph and a list of names, possibly of enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9910#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9910.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers","title_ssm":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1826 - 1893"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1826 - 1893"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01928","/repositories/2/resources/9910"],"text":["SC 01928","/repositories/2/resources/9910","Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers","Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. ","American periodicals--Virginia--History","African American churches","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--19th century","Essex County (Va.)--History--19th century","Essex County (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Personal narratives","Legal documents","Sermons, American--19th century","African Americans--Religion","Missionaries","African Americans--Education","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Education","Correspondence","Letters (correspondence)","Receipts (financial records)","Sermons","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Collection is arranged by file.","Collection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. Also included is a small ambrotype photograph and a list of names, possibly of enslaved individuals.","This series includes various papers including correspondence, receipts, affidavits, and medical class notes. Writings are also contained in this series and includes original handwritten sermons,and other non religious writings.","File contains multiple oversize letters including a letter addressed to a Mrs. Garnett dated 1824, another addressed to \"sister\" from unidentified person dated 1863 and a letter to Reverened H.W. Temple from unidentified person dated 1866. The remaining letters are unidentified correspondence.","Series includes published almanacs, and religious books.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01928","/repositories/2/resources/9910"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. "],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. "],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by file."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Waring Latane Lewis family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. Also included is a small ambrotype photograph and a list of names, possibly of enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes various papers including correspondence, receipts, affidavits, and medical class notes. Writings are also contained in this series and includes original handwritten sermons,and other non religious writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile contains multiple oversize letters including a letter addressed to a Mrs. Garnett dated 1824, another addressed to \"sister\" from unidentified person dated 1863 and a letter to Reverened H.W. Temple from unidentified person dated 1866. The remaining letters are unidentified correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries includes published almanacs, and religious books.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. Also included is a small ambrotype photograph and a list of names, possibly of enslaved individuals.","This series includes various papers including correspondence, receipts, affidavits, and medical class notes. Writings are also contained in this series and includes original handwritten sermons,and other non religious writings.","File contains multiple oversize letters including a letter addressed to a Mrs. Garnett dated 1824, another addressed to \"sister\" from unidentified person dated 1863 and a letter to Reverened H.W. Temple from unidentified person dated 1866. The remaining letters are unidentified correspondence.","Series includes published almanacs, and religious books."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:18:49.790Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9910","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9910.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers","title_ssm":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1826 - 1893"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1826 - 1893"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01928","/repositories/2/resources/9910"],"text":["SC 01928","/repositories/2/resources/9910","Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers","Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2023],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","College of William and Mary--History","African Americans--Religion","African Americans--Education"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","College of William and Mary--History","African Americans--Religion","African Americans--Education"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJanise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026amp; Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab."],"_nest_path_":"/components#50","timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:33:09.376Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9790.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bray School Lab Records","title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"text":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790","Bray School Lab records","African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.","This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOlivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026amp; Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026amp; Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAntonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDa-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMadeline Dort graduated from William \u0026amp; Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026amp; Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026amp; Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026amp; Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026amp; Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCliff Fleet is the President \u0026amp; CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026amp; Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026amp; Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026amp; Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026amp; Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026amp; Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRon Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026amp; Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBurnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026amp; Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElle Kim is a William \u0026amp; Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026amp; Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAyinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026amp; Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026amp; Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026amp; Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026amp; Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026amp; Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Pleasant is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and what led him to the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnn Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCecilia Weaver is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYe Xiao is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":180,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:33:09.376Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c51"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1937","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"The Gospel As Preached in the South\"","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1937#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAccount by Henry Cooke, who had escaped his enslavement by Robert C. Nicholas, of a Gospel Meetings in Louisiana, led by William Ellis, another enslaved person, of Virginia. 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