{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Education","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Education\u0026page=2","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Education\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":12,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c04","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Alleyne Blayton","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c04","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c04"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c04","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James City County Oral History Collection","Series 3: Cassette Tapes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection","Series 3: Cassette Tapes"],"text":["James City County Oral History Collection","Series 3: Cassette Tapes","Alleyne Blayton","African American women--History--Sources","African Americans--Education","Transportation--Virginia","African American churches","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","African American physicians","Audiocassette Tape 84-004","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access."],"title_filing_ssi":"Alleyne Blayton","title_ssm":["Alleyne Blayton"],"title_tesim":["Alleyne Blayton"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alleyne Blayton"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":103,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American women--History--Sources","African Americans--Education","Transportation--Virginia","African American churches","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","African American physicians"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American women--History--Sources","African Americans--Education","Transportation--Virginia","African American churches","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--History","African American physicians"],"containers_ssim":["Audiocassette Tape 84-004"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8593.xml","title_filing_ssi":"James City County Oral History Collection","title_ssm":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"title_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1983-1986","1984"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1983-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00241","/repositories/2/resources/8593"],"text":["MS 00241","/repositories/2/resources/8593","James City County Oral History Collection","Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Interviews","James City County (Va.)--Biography","James City County (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--History--19th century","Oral histories","Audiocassettes","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Numerical order by numbers assigned by JCC Historical Commission.","Historical Commission of James City County, Virginia.","Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","All audiocassette tapes have been digitized. Digital files require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. 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At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. 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At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2009 and 2011.","The Cassette Tapes have been digitized and require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.","The James City County Oral History Collection holds two copies of transcripts and one corresponding cassette tapes of the Oral History Project directed by Robinette Fitzsimmon of the James City County Historical Commission. The collections includes interviews of residents of James City County, the City of Williamsburg, and York County, Virginia.  Topics range from education to farming to Eastern State Hospital.  Time periods covered begin with family memories from the Revolutionary War to the 1980's.  Many interviewees were born in late 1800's to early 1900's.","Swem Library did not receive all the cassette tapes or transcripts as listed on the JCC Historical Commission Accession system.  These interviews were either never done or not received by Swem Library's Special Collections Research Center.","Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Comprehensive Subject Index, Alphabetical index by Participants and Numerical Index (Key Index) by Assigned Participant Numbers. The subject index lists the numbers assigned by the JCC Historical Commission. Use these numbers on the numerical index to find the person interviewed. You may also search alphabetically by participant. These indices are filed in the front of each box. Participants Index by Accession Number 84-001 Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-003 Ed Belvin 84-004 Alleyne Blayton 84-005 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-006 C. Hammond Branch 84-008 Mary E.Brown 84-009 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-011 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-013 Richard Hughes Carter 84-014 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-015 Thomas Coleman 84-016 Phillip Cooke 84-017 Phillip Cooke 84-020 Ruth Cowles 84-021 Preston Crump 84-023 William Cumber 84-025 Caroline Dozier 84-029 Jean Etheridge 84-031 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-033 Willard Gilley 84-034 Leonard Graves 84-035 Rose Gross 84-036 Gladys Guy 84-037 Frances Hamilton 84-038 Ruth Hankins 84-039 Clara Harris 84-040 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-041 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-042 Mabel Hazelwood 84-043 Edna Hockaday 84-046 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-047 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-048 Sam T. Jones 84-049 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-051 Herman Kinde, Occupation: Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families. Norge and Lightfoot. 84-052 Alexander Lee 84-053 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-054 Shirley Payne Low 84-060 Berit T. Mesarick 84-061 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-062 Rev. Junius Moody 84-063 Mildred Moody 84-066 Julia Oxrieder 84-068 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-070 Catherine Pippin 84-071 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-072 Grace Radcliffe 84-073 Alma Ransone 84-074 Arline Richardson 84-077 Parke Rouse 84-078 Clara Russell 84-079 Hattie J. Sasser 84-081 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-083 O.M. Smith 84-086 Edward Stewart 84-087 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-090 Stewart Taylor 84-093 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-097 George Waltrip 84-100 Frances Murray White 84-102 Peggy Zuzma 84-104 Lydia Gardner 84-109 Francis Robb 84-111 Thelma Pederson 84-113 Imogene Bell 84-114 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-117 George Farthing 84-118 David Ware 84-121 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-124 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-125 Carra Dillard 85-130 John Jennings 84-131 Mildred Layne 84-132 Maria Mapp 84-136 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-137 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-139 Alice Tudor 84-141 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-142 Forrest Griffin 84-143 Wilton Kinnamon 84-144 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-147 Charlie Fields 84-148 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-149 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-151 Herman Kinde 84-152 Louise Herring 84-156 Willard Epperson 84-157 Virgie Wickre Newton Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 85-130 John Jennings 86-001 Doris Epps 86-002 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer Alphabetical List of Participants Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-001 Imogene Bell 84-113 Ed Belvin 84-003 Alleyne Blayton 84-004 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-005 C. Hammond Branch 84-006 Mary E.Brown 84-008 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-009 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-011 Richard Hughes Carter 84-013 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-014 Thomas Coleman 84-015 Phillip Cooke 84-016, 84-107 Ruth Cowles 84-020 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-124 Preston Crump 84-021 William Cumber 84-023 Carra Dillard 84-125 Caroline Dozier 84-025 Willard Epperson 84-156 Doris Epps 86-001 Jean Etheridge 84-029 George Farthing 84-117 Charlie Fields 84-147 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-031 Lydia Gardner 84-104 Willard Gilley 84-033 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-141 Leonard Graves 84-034 Forrest Griffin 84-142 Rose Gross 84-035 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer 86-002 Gladys Guy 84-036 Frances Hamilton 84-037 Ruth Hankins 84-038 Clara Harris 84-039 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-040 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-041 Mabel Hazelwood 84-042 Louise Herring 84-152 Edna Hockaday 84-043 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-144 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-046 John Jennings 85-130 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-047 Sam T. Jones 84-048 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-049 Herman Kinde 84-151 Wilton Kinnamon 84-143 Mildred Layne 84-131 Alexander Lee 84-052 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-053 Shirley Payne Low 84-054 Maria Mapp 84-132 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-149 Berit T. Mesarick 84-060 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-061 Rev. Junius Moody 84-062 Mildred Moody 84-063 Virgie Wickre Newton 84-157 Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 Julia Oxrieder 84-066 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-121 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-068 Thelma Pederson 84-111 Catherine Pippin 84-070 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-071 Grace Radcliffe 84-072 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-136 Alma Ransone 84-073 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-148 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-137 Arline Richardson 84-074 Francis Robb 84-109 Parke Rouse 84-077 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-114 Clara Russell 84-078 Hattie J. Sasser 84-079 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-081 O.M. Smith 84-083 Edward Stewart 84-086 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-087 Stewart Taylor 84-090 Alice Tudor 84-139 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-093 George Waltrip 84-097 David Ware 84-118 Frances Murray White 84-100 Peggy Zuzma 84-102   Subject Index A Archaelogy 001, 100 Architecture 013 Aviation 003 B Barhamsville047, 074, 090 Black/White relations 84-: 004, 013, 014, 016, 017, 023, 031, 035, 036, 038, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 074, 077, 078, 079, 081, 083, 087, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 118, 121, 125, 131, 132, 136, 137, 141, 142, 148, 151, 174, 86-001   Business, Barhamsville 074 Business, Centerville 132 Business, Croaker 031 Business, Diascund041, 043 Business, Five Forks 84-102 Business, Grove 052, 087, 131 Business, Lightfoot 061 Business, Norge 037, 047, 151 Business, Williamsburg 003, 008, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 024, 034, 038, 040, 052, 053, 054, 073, 096, 066, 068, 077, 078, 097, 109, 111, 114, 117, 121, 131, 132, 142, 143, 156, 86-001, C Christmas 004, 014, 017, 020, 031, 033, 037, 041, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 054, 60, 061, 063, 068, 073, 074, 078, 087, 102, 114, 118, 132, 137, 148, 151, 174, Civil War 001, 006, 021, 033, 036, 038, 040, 043, 048, 053, 063, 072, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 100, 102, 111, 117, 118, 125, 130, 132, 136, 151, 174 Courts 001, 017, 052, 090, 093, 117, 130, 174 Crime 001, 021, 025, 021, 036, 052, 053, 063, 073, 097, 111, 132, 141, 142, 152, 148, 86-001 Croaker 017, 031, 038, 047, 117, 121, 130, 136, 137, 151, 86-001 D Depression 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 017, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 036, 037, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 086, 090, 109, 111, 118, 121, 125, 130, 132, 137, 139, 142, 143, 148 Diascund 020, 041, 043 Disaster 031, 038, 041, 046, 048, 053, 063, 066, 074, 081, 083, 086, 097, 102, 104, 130, 139, 148 E Economy 006, 014, 017, 020, 021, 025, 033, 034, 035, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174, 86-001 Education 001, 004, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174 Ewell 84-046 F Family Life 004, 005, 006, 008, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 Farming 001, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 020, 021, 025, 031, 033, 035, 038, 041, 043, 044, 047, 048, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 118, 130, 132, 136, 139, 142, 148, 151, 156, 174 Fishing 001, 031, 038, 043, 047, 048, 053, 078, 081, 083, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 136 Five Forks 097, 100, 102, 114, 132, 151 G Government 001, 006, 009, 011, 013, 017, 033, 034, 046, 049, 052, 053, 054, 062, 072, 077, 090, 118, 139 Grove 001, 017, 035, 052, 053, 062, 072, 078, 087, 131, 136, 139, 156 Growth 001, 004, 005, 008, 009, 011, 013, 015, 016, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 041, 060, 062, 066, 071, 073, 077, 087, 097, 125, 130, 139, 141, 86-001 H Hunting 001, 020, 048, 083, 102, 109, 114, 130, 141, 142, 156 J James City County 013 Jamestown 001, 003, 005, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 040, 049, 054, 060, 078, 081, 083, 093, 097, 100, 102, 111, 114, 132, 139, 141 L Lanexa 011, 038, 043 Lightfoot 001, 020, 036, 046, 047, 061, 074, 109, 117, 132, 141, 142, 148, 151 Lumbering 005, 006, 020, 035, 038, 046, 048, 074, 102, 117, 130, 132, 143, 151 M Medicine 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 020, 121, 029, 034, 038, 041, 043, 046, 048, 049, 052, 078, 083, 086, 087, 102, 104, 111, 113, 114, 125, 130, 132, 148 N Norge001, 006, 013, 020, 031, 034, 035, 036, 037, 046, 047, 061, 063, 097, 117, 139, 151, 86-001 R Recreation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 025, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 041, 043, 046, 047, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 117, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 86-001 Religion 001, 004, 006, 009, 011, 013, 014, 017, 020, 021, 035, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 066, 071, 073, 074, 077, 079, 081, 083, 086, 087, 093, 102, 109, 111, 118, 121, 132, 137, 143, 151 Revolutionary War 001, 038, 040, 078, 081, 083, 100, 118, 125, 130, 139, 141, 151 S Shipping 005, 006, 043, 046, 048, 078, 081, 097, 100, 102, 114, 118, 141, 143, 156 Social Life 004, 034, 036, 037, 041, 109, 113 Superstitions004, 008, 013, 016, 017, 021, 038, 048, 049, 087, 090, 102, 111, 114, 130, 132 T Toano001, 005, 009, 021, 025, 031, 034, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 061, 063, 074, 090, 109, 118, 130, 142, 148, 151, 86-001 Traditions 013, 017 Transportation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 014, 015, 017, 020, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 093, 097, 102, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 W Williamsburg001, 003, 005, 008, 009, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 023, 029, 034, 036, 040, 046, 049, 053, 054, 060, 061, 066, 073, 077, 078, 079, 090, 093, 104, 109, 111, 113, 117, 121, 125, 131, 132, 139, 142, 143, 156, 86-001 World War I 020, 021, 029, 038, 041, 046, 047, 048, 054, 061, 063, 072, 081, 086, 097, 100, 102, 104, 111, 118, 125, 139, 148, 151, 156, 157 World War II 001, 003, 009, 013, 017, 020, 023, 025, 029, 033, 035, 037, 038, 043, 046, 047, 052, 053, 060, 061, 063, 066, 081, 083, 087, 102, 109, 111, 117, 118, 121, 132, 141, 151","Each folder includes a typed transcription of the cassette tape, often with a handwritten copy and/or changes made later by the interviewee. An index, with page numbers, of subjects covered in the interviews is included, plus a form with biographical information about the interviewee. There is a signed Release Form at the back of each folder. The transcriptions are filed in numerical order.","Occupation: Judge. Regarding local government, courts, physical changes, tours, depression, education at Matthew Whaley, recreation, homes and law enforcement.","Occupation: Retired Educator.","Occupation: Housewife, Bookkeeper.","Occupation: Farmer. Toano.","Bruton Heights School, Colonial Williamsburg and more.","Occupation: Physician at Eastern State Hospital.","Hotel Felix, Toano and more.","Occupation: Retired Clergyman and Museum Historical Teacher, Colonial Williamsburg Supervisor of Training. Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Physician.","Occupation: Waiter.","Occupation: Worked at Western Union, and William and Mary. Black History. Bruton High School.","Occupation:  Organist and Choir Director of Mt. Vernon Methodist Church.  Born in Lightfoot, lived in Toano.","Williamsburg. Crump's Hotel. Civil War. Black History.","Occupation: Cook for W\u0026M College Presidents, in charge of Officers' Club at Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Principal of Mathew Whaley.","Occupation: Home Owner. Lived in Toano.","Croaker.  Norge in the 1950's.  Lutheran Church.","Occupation:  Milk Distributor.  Family moved to JCC in  1905.  He was born on Neck-o-land Road.","Occupation:  Frazier-Graves Co., Inc., Men's Cothing Store on Duke of Gloucester Street.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1903.  General Williamsburg history and changes.","Father, Mr. Bennett, a faculty member at William and Mary and Superintendent of Williamsburg's Public Schools.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Retired U.S. Postal Clerk. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Math Teacher and Housewife. Family were farmers in Toano. Born 1898.","Early days in Williamsburg and James City County. Family from Williamsburg area for many generations. Jerusalem Baptist Church.","Attended William and Mary 1920-1923. Rector of Hickory Neck as a young man. Harrison Family. Carter's Grove.","Her youth in Williamsburg.","Moved to James City County in 1908. Old Academy School. Toano area.","Occupation:  Teacher at Diascund School. Born 1901 in James City County near New Kent County line.  Education.","Occupation:  Farmer.  Norge.  Moved to Hill Pleasant Farm in 1912 and to Norge in 1904.","Occupation: Mr. Jenson was a Rural Mail Carrier and his wife a housewife. Born 1890's. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation:  Handyman.  Born1905. Toano. Chickahominy Road.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1906.  Childhood in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families.  Norge and Lightfoot.","Naval Weapons Station.  York County. Black History.","Grove. Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.  Civil War.","Occupation:  Teacher, Training Supervisor for Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, author and more. Williamsburg in 1950's.","Norwegian Families. Norway. Moved to Williamsburg area in early 1970's.","Lightfoot. Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Minister and School Teacher. Born in 1903. Arrived in James City County in 1925. Black History.","Toano. Born 1906.","Occupation:  Mathematician.  Father was Dean of William and Mary Law School. Born 1925.","Occupation:  Sweet Baker at Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born 1903. Black History.","1940's and 1950's memories of Williamsburg.","Occupation: Baptist Minister. Moved to Williamsburg in 1952.","Grove. York County. Naval Weapons Station. Black History. Sacalis Family.","Moved to Williamsburg about 1925. Burns Lane.","Occupation: Teacher. Born about 1900. Barhamsville.","Occupation:  Museum Director, writer.  Born 1915.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1951.","Born 1893 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Booth Family.","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Black History.","Williamsburg in 1920's and 1930's and later.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1943. James City County Bible and Agriculture Training School.","Barhamsville. New Kent. Born about 1900.","Occupation: Pastor. Born 1926. Camp Peary. Black History.","Occupation: Farmer. Born 1915 in James City County. Civil War. Toano. New Kent.","Occupation: Attorney. Born 1899 at Sherwood Forest\" New Kent County. Williamsburg in early 1900's.","Born 1919 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Lake Powell.","Born 1928. 18th Century.  Property ownership in James City County.","Waltrip Family. Born 1921 in Five Forks. James City County.","Occupation:  Housewife.  Grew up on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg.","Father went to William and Mary and was Professor/Chair of Chemistry Department.  Born in 1928.  Chandler Court.  Bruton Parish.","Dore Family. Peacock Hill.  Early 1900's.","Wife of Dr. Baxter Bell of Bell Hospital. Talks of Eastern State, Bell Hospital and more. Occupation: Nurse.","Born early 1900s.  Jamestown Island. Hickory Signpost Road. Black History.","Growing up in Williamsburg area.","Occupation:  Real Estate, Lumber. Born 1916 in James City County at Windsor Castle. Mayflower descendant of Francis Eaton.  Toano.  Forge Road. Burnt Ordinary.  Farming.","Born 1907. York Street.  Black History.","Family store in Toano. Schools in Toano and Williamsburg, and William and Mary.","Garrett Family, Father on faculty at William and Mary.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Vice President of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born in 1911. Carter's Grove.  Grove.","Skipwith Farm.  Farming.  Longhill Road. Early 1900's.","Grove. York County.  Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.","Born about 1900.  Moved to James City County in 1920. Farming.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1918.  Born in 1910.","Family Occupation: Farmer.  Lived in Kingsmill area, Longhill Road and Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Food Purchasing Agent for Colonial Williamsburg.  Family lived in Williamsburg for many generations.","Occupation:  Owner of Kinnamon's Garage and Wrecker Service. Born 1913. Came to Williamsburg in 1919.","Transcript not located.","Born 1890.  Lived on Chickahominy Road, born in Fluvanna, Virginia.  Did farm work for Hankins family.","Williamsburg Female Institute. Born about 1900.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Toano.  Moved to James City County in 1920.","Norge. Norwegian families.","Occupation:  Barber. Born in Raleigh, North Carolina. Hotel near Williamsburg Inn.","Born 1908 in Williamsburg.  Norwegian Families. Wickre Street in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Director Emeritus, Virginia Historical Society.  Born 1916 in Toano. Vaiden family.","Williamsburg.","Came to Williamsburg in 1918 with her first husband who was a stave (barrel) sawyer. Mr. Griesenauer was a Potter.","No transcript, but one cassette tape.","Published by the James City County Historical Commission. Edited by Nancy Smith Bradshaw. Acc. 1993.55.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","James City County Historical Commission","Belvin, Edward","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00241","/repositories/2/resources/8593"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"collection_ssim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["James City County Historical Commission"],"creator_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"creator_famname_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"creators_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gifts in 1989, 1993 and 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Interviews","James City County (Va.)--Biography","James City County (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--History--19th century","Oral histories","Audiocassettes"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Interviews","James City County (Va.)--Biography","James City County (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--History--19th century","Oral histories","Audiocassettes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiocassettes"],"date_range_isim":[1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerical order by numbers assigned by JCC Historical Commission.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Numerical order by numbers assigned by JCC Historical Commission."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical Commission of James City County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical Commission of James City County, Virginia."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll audiocassette tapes have been digitized. Digital files require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. 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Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical 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Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","All audiocassette tapes have been digitized. Digital files require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. 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At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. 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At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. 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At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames City County Oral History Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2009 and 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Cassette Tapes have been digitized and require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2009 and 2011.","The Cassette Tapes have been digitized and require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James City County Oral History Collection holds two copies of transcripts and one corresponding cassette tapes of the Oral History Project directed by Robinette Fitzsimmon of the James City County Historical Commission. The collections includes interviews of residents of James City County, the City of Williamsburg, and York County, Virginia.  Topics range from education to farming to Eastern State Hospital.  Time periods covered begin with family memories from the Revolutionary War to the 1980's.  Many interviewees were born in late 1800's to early 1900's.","Swem Library did not receive all the cassette tapes or transcripts as listed on the JCC Historical Commission Accession system.  These interviews were either never done or not received by Swem Library's Special Collections Research Center.","Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Comprehensive Subject Index, Alphabetical index by Participants and Numerical Index (Key Index) by Assigned Participant Numbers. The subject index lists the numbers assigned by the JCC Historical Commission. Use these numbers on the numerical index to find the person interviewed. You may also search alphabetically by participant. These indices are filed in the front of each box. Participants Index by Accession Number 84-001 Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-003 Ed Belvin 84-004 Alleyne Blayton 84-005 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-006 C. Hammond Branch 84-008 Mary E.Brown 84-009 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-011 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-013 Richard Hughes Carter 84-014 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-015 Thomas Coleman 84-016 Phillip Cooke 84-017 Phillip Cooke 84-020 Ruth Cowles 84-021 Preston Crump 84-023 William Cumber 84-025 Caroline Dozier 84-029 Jean Etheridge 84-031 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-033 Willard Gilley 84-034 Leonard Graves 84-035 Rose Gross 84-036 Gladys Guy 84-037 Frances Hamilton 84-038 Ruth Hankins 84-039 Clara Harris 84-040 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-041 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-042 Mabel Hazelwood 84-043 Edna Hockaday 84-046 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-047 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-048 Sam T. Jones 84-049 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-051 Herman Kinde, Occupation: Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families. Norge and Lightfoot. 84-052 Alexander Lee 84-053 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-054 Shirley Payne Low 84-060 Berit T. Mesarick 84-061 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-062 Rev. Junius Moody 84-063 Mildred Moody 84-066 Julia Oxrieder 84-068 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-070 Catherine Pippin 84-071 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-072 Grace Radcliffe 84-073 Alma Ransone 84-074 Arline Richardson 84-077 Parke Rouse 84-078 Clara Russell 84-079 Hattie J. Sasser 84-081 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-083 O.M. Smith 84-086 Edward Stewart 84-087 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-090 Stewart Taylor 84-093 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-097 George Waltrip 84-100 Frances Murray White 84-102 Peggy Zuzma 84-104 Lydia Gardner 84-109 Francis Robb 84-111 Thelma Pederson 84-113 Imogene Bell 84-114 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-117 George Farthing 84-118 David Ware 84-121 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-124 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-125 Carra Dillard 85-130 John Jennings 84-131 Mildred Layne 84-132 Maria Mapp 84-136 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-137 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-139 Alice Tudor 84-141 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-142 Forrest Griffin 84-143 Wilton Kinnamon 84-144 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-147 Charlie Fields 84-148 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-149 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-151 Herman Kinde 84-152 Louise Herring 84-156 Willard Epperson 84-157 Virgie Wickre Newton Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 85-130 John Jennings 86-001 Doris Epps 86-002 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer Alphabetical List of Participants Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-001 Imogene Bell 84-113 Ed Belvin 84-003 Alleyne Blayton 84-004 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-005 C. Hammond Branch 84-006 Mary E.Brown 84-008 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-009 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-011 Richard Hughes Carter 84-013 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-014 Thomas Coleman 84-015 Phillip Cooke 84-016, 84-107 Ruth Cowles 84-020 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-124 Preston Crump 84-021 William Cumber 84-023 Carra Dillard 84-125 Caroline Dozier 84-025 Willard Epperson 84-156 Doris Epps 86-001 Jean Etheridge 84-029 George Farthing 84-117 Charlie Fields 84-147 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-031 Lydia Gardner 84-104 Willard Gilley 84-033 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-141 Leonard Graves 84-034 Forrest Griffin 84-142 Rose Gross 84-035 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer 86-002 Gladys Guy 84-036 Frances Hamilton 84-037 Ruth Hankins 84-038 Clara Harris 84-039 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-040 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-041 Mabel Hazelwood 84-042 Louise Herring 84-152 Edna Hockaday 84-043 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-144 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-046 John Jennings 85-130 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-047 Sam T. Jones 84-048 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-049 Herman Kinde 84-151 Wilton Kinnamon 84-143 Mildred Layne 84-131 Alexander Lee 84-052 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-053 Shirley Payne Low 84-054 Maria Mapp 84-132 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-149 Berit T. Mesarick 84-060 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-061 Rev. Junius Moody 84-062 Mildred Moody 84-063 Virgie Wickre Newton 84-157 Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 Julia Oxrieder 84-066 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-121 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-068 Thelma Pederson 84-111 Catherine Pippin 84-070 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-071 Grace Radcliffe 84-072 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-136 Alma Ransone 84-073 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-148 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-137 Arline Richardson 84-074 Francis Robb 84-109 Parke Rouse 84-077 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-114 Clara Russell 84-078 Hattie J. Sasser 84-079 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-081 O.M. Smith 84-083 Edward Stewart 84-086 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-087 Stewart Taylor 84-090 Alice Tudor 84-139 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-093 George Waltrip 84-097 David Ware 84-118 Frances Murray White 84-100 Peggy Zuzma 84-102   Subject Index A Archaelogy 001, 100 Architecture 013 Aviation 003 B Barhamsville047, 074, 090 Black/White relations 84-: 004, 013, 014, 016, 017, 023, 031, 035, 036, 038, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 074, 077, 078, 079, 081, 083, 087, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 118, 121, 125, 131, 132, 136, 137, 141, 142, 148, 151, 174, 86-001   Business, Barhamsville 074 Business, Centerville 132 Business, Croaker 031 Business, Diascund041, 043 Business, Five Forks 84-102 Business, Grove 052, 087, 131 Business, Lightfoot 061 Business, Norge 037, 047, 151 Business, Williamsburg 003, 008, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 024, 034, 038, 040, 052, 053, 054, 073, 096, 066, 068, 077, 078, 097, 109, 111, 114, 117, 121, 131, 132, 142, 143, 156, 86-001, C Christmas 004, 014, 017, 020, 031, 033, 037, 041, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 054, 60, 061, 063, 068, 073, 074, 078, 087, 102, 114, 118, 132, 137, 148, 151, 174, Civil War 001, 006, 021, 033, 036, 038, 040, 043, 048, 053, 063, 072, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 100, 102, 111, 117, 118, 125, 130, 132, 136, 151, 174 Courts 001, 017, 052, 090, 093, 117, 130, 174 Crime 001, 021, 025, 021, 036, 052, 053, 063, 073, 097, 111, 132, 141, 142, 152, 148, 86-001 Croaker 017, 031, 038, 047, 117, 121, 130, 136, 137, 151, 86-001 D Depression 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 017, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 036, 037, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 086, 090, 109, 111, 118, 121, 125, 130, 132, 137, 139, 142, 143, 148 Diascund 020, 041, 043 Disaster 031, 038, 041, 046, 048, 053, 063, 066, 074, 081, 083, 086, 097, 102, 104, 130, 139, 148 E Economy 006, 014, 017, 020, 021, 025, 033, 034, 035, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174, 86-001 Education 001, 004, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174 Ewell 84-046 F Family Life 004, 005, 006, 008, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 Farming 001, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 020, 021, 025, 031, 033, 035, 038, 041, 043, 044, 047, 048, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 118, 130, 132, 136, 139, 142, 148, 151, 156, 174 Fishing 001, 031, 038, 043, 047, 048, 053, 078, 081, 083, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 136 Five Forks 097, 100, 102, 114, 132, 151 G Government 001, 006, 009, 011, 013, 017, 033, 034, 046, 049, 052, 053, 054, 062, 072, 077, 090, 118, 139 Grove 001, 017, 035, 052, 053, 062, 072, 078, 087, 131, 136, 139, 156 Growth 001, 004, 005, 008, 009, 011, 013, 015, 016, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 041, 060, 062, 066, 071, 073, 077, 087, 097, 125, 130, 139, 141, 86-001 H Hunting 001, 020, 048, 083, 102, 109, 114, 130, 141, 142, 156 J James City County 013 Jamestown 001, 003, 005, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 040, 049, 054, 060, 078, 081, 083, 093, 097, 100, 102, 111, 114, 132, 139, 141 L Lanexa 011, 038, 043 Lightfoot 001, 020, 036, 046, 047, 061, 074, 109, 117, 132, 141, 142, 148, 151 Lumbering 005, 006, 020, 035, 038, 046, 048, 074, 102, 117, 130, 132, 143, 151 M Medicine 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 020, 121, 029, 034, 038, 041, 043, 046, 048, 049, 052, 078, 083, 086, 087, 102, 104, 111, 113, 114, 125, 130, 132, 148 N Norge001, 006, 013, 020, 031, 034, 035, 036, 037, 046, 047, 061, 063, 097, 117, 139, 151, 86-001 R Recreation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 025, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 041, 043, 046, 047, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 117, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 86-001 Religion 001, 004, 006, 009, 011, 013, 014, 017, 020, 021, 035, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 066, 071, 073, 074, 077, 079, 081, 083, 086, 087, 093, 102, 109, 111, 118, 121, 132, 137, 143, 151 Revolutionary War 001, 038, 040, 078, 081, 083, 100, 118, 125, 130, 139, 141, 151 S Shipping 005, 006, 043, 046, 048, 078, 081, 097, 100, 102, 114, 118, 141, 143, 156 Social Life 004, 034, 036, 037, 041, 109, 113 Superstitions004, 008, 013, 016, 017, 021, 038, 048, 049, 087, 090, 102, 111, 114, 130, 132 T Toano001, 005, 009, 021, 025, 031, 034, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 061, 063, 074, 090, 109, 118, 130, 142, 148, 151, 86-001 Traditions 013, 017 Transportation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 014, 015, 017, 020, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 093, 097, 102, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 W Williamsburg001, 003, 005, 008, 009, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 023, 029, 034, 036, 040, 046, 049, 053, 054, 060, 061, 066, 073, 077, 078, 079, 090, 093, 104, 109, 111, 113, 117, 121, 125, 131, 132, 139, 142, 143, 156, 86-001 World War I 020, 021, 029, 038, 041, 046, 047, 048, 054, 061, 063, 072, 081, 086, 097, 100, 102, 104, 111, 118, 125, 139, 148, 151, 156, 157 World War II 001, 003, 009, 013, 017, 020, 023, 025, 029, 033, 035, 037, 038, 043, 046, 047, 052, 053, 060, 061, 063, 066, 081, 083, 087, 102, 109, 111, 117, 118, 121, 132, 141, 151","Each folder includes a typed transcription of the cassette tape, often with a handwritten copy and/or changes made later by the interviewee. An index, with page numbers, of subjects covered in the interviews is included, plus a form with biographical information about the interviewee. There is a signed Release Form at the back of each folder. The transcriptions are filed in numerical order.","Occupation: Judge. Regarding local government, courts, physical changes, tours, depression, education at Matthew Whaley, recreation, homes and law enforcement.","Occupation: Retired Educator.","Occupation: Housewife, Bookkeeper.","Occupation: Farmer. Toano.","Bruton Heights School, Colonial Williamsburg and more.","Occupation: Physician at Eastern State Hospital.","Hotel Felix, Toano and more.","Occupation: Retired Clergyman and Museum Historical Teacher, Colonial Williamsburg Supervisor of Training. Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Physician.","Occupation: Waiter.","Occupation: Worked at Western Union, and William and Mary. Black History. Bruton High School.","Occupation:  Organist and Choir Director of Mt. Vernon Methodist Church.  Born in Lightfoot, lived in Toano.","Williamsburg. Crump's Hotel. Civil War. Black History.","Occupation: Cook for W\u0026M College Presidents, in charge of Officers' Club at Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Principal of Mathew Whaley.","Occupation: Home Owner. Lived in Toano.","Croaker.  Norge in the 1950's.  Lutheran Church.","Occupation:  Milk Distributor.  Family moved to JCC in  1905.  He was born on Neck-o-land Road.","Occupation:  Frazier-Graves Co., Inc., Men's Cothing Store on Duke of Gloucester Street.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1903.  General Williamsburg history and changes.","Father, Mr. Bennett, a faculty member at William and Mary and Superintendent of Williamsburg's Public Schools.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Retired U.S. Postal Clerk. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Math Teacher and Housewife. Family were farmers in Toano. Born 1898.","Early days in Williamsburg and James City County. Family from Williamsburg area for many generations. Jerusalem Baptist Church.","Attended William and Mary 1920-1923. Rector of Hickory Neck as a young man. Harrison Family. Carter's Grove.","Her youth in Williamsburg.","Moved to James City County in 1908. Old Academy School. Toano area.","Occupation:  Teacher at Diascund School. Born 1901 in James City County near New Kent County line.  Education.","Occupation:  Farmer.  Norge.  Moved to Hill Pleasant Farm in 1912 and to Norge in 1904.","Occupation: Mr. Jenson was a Rural Mail Carrier and his wife a housewife. Born 1890's. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation:  Handyman.  Born1905. Toano. Chickahominy Road.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1906.  Childhood in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families.  Norge and Lightfoot.","Naval Weapons Station.  York County. Black History.","Grove. Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.  Civil War.","Occupation:  Teacher, Training Supervisor for Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, author and more. Williamsburg in 1950's.","Norwegian Families. Norway. Moved to Williamsburg area in early 1970's.","Lightfoot. Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Minister and School Teacher. Born in 1903. Arrived in James City County in 1925. Black History.","Toano. Born 1906.","Occupation:  Mathematician.  Father was Dean of William and Mary Law School. Born 1925.","Occupation:  Sweet Baker at Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born 1903. Black History.","1940's and 1950's memories of Williamsburg.","Occupation: Baptist Minister. Moved to Williamsburg in 1952.","Grove. York County. Naval Weapons Station. Black History. Sacalis Family.","Moved to Williamsburg about 1925. Burns Lane.","Occupation: Teacher. Born about 1900. Barhamsville.","Occupation:  Museum Director, writer.  Born 1915.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1951.","Born 1893 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Booth Family.","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Black History.","Williamsburg in 1920's and 1930's and later.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1943. James City County Bible and Agriculture Training School.","Barhamsville. New Kent. Born about 1900.","Occupation: Pastor. Born 1926. Camp Peary. Black History.","Occupation: Farmer. Born 1915 in James City County. Civil War. Toano. New Kent.","Occupation: Attorney. Born 1899 at Sherwood Forest\" New Kent County. Williamsburg in early 1900's.","Born 1919 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Lake Powell.","Born 1928. 18th Century.  Property ownership in James City County.","Waltrip Family. Born 1921 in Five Forks. James City County.","Occupation:  Housewife.  Grew up on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg.","Father went to William and Mary and was Professor/Chair of Chemistry Department.  Born in 1928.  Chandler Court.  Bruton Parish.","Dore Family. Peacock Hill.  Early 1900's.","Wife of Dr. Baxter Bell of Bell Hospital. Talks of Eastern State, Bell Hospital and more. Occupation: Nurse.","Born early 1900s.  Jamestown Island. Hickory Signpost Road. Black History.","Growing up in Williamsburg area.","Occupation:  Real Estate, Lumber. Born 1916 in James City County at Windsor Castle. Mayflower descendant of Francis Eaton.  Toano.  Forge Road. Burnt Ordinary.  Farming.","Born 1907. York Street.  Black History.","Family store in Toano. Schools in Toano and Williamsburg, and William and Mary.","Garrett Family, Father on faculty at William and Mary.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Vice President of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born in 1911. Carter's Grove.  Grove.","Skipwith Farm.  Farming.  Longhill Road. Early 1900's.","Grove. York County.  Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.","Born about 1900.  Moved to James City County in 1920. Farming.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1918.  Born in 1910.","Family Occupation: Farmer.  Lived in Kingsmill area, Longhill Road and Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Food Purchasing Agent for Colonial Williamsburg.  Family lived in Williamsburg for many generations.","Occupation:  Owner of Kinnamon's Garage and Wrecker Service. Born 1913. Came to Williamsburg in 1919.","Transcript not located.","Born 1890.  Lived on Chickahominy Road, born in Fluvanna, Virginia.  Did farm work for Hankins family.","Williamsburg Female Institute. Born about 1900.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Toano.  Moved to James City County in 1920.","Norge. Norwegian families.","Occupation:  Barber. Born in Raleigh, North Carolina. Hotel near Williamsburg Inn.","Born 1908 in Williamsburg.  Norwegian Families. Wickre Street in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Director Emeritus, Virginia Historical Society.  Born 1916 in Toano. Vaiden family.","Williamsburg.","Came to Williamsburg in 1918 with her first husband who was a stave (barrel) sawyer. Mr. Griesenauer was a Potter.","No transcript, but one cassette tape.","Published by the James City County Historical Commission. Edited by Nancy Smith Bradshaw. Acc. 1993.55."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James City County Historical Commission","Belvin, Edward"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"persname_ssim":["Belvin, Edward"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James City County Oral History Collection holds two copies of transcripts and one corresponding cassette tapes of the Oral History Project directed by Robinette Fitzsimmon of the James City County Historical Commission. The collections includes interviews of residents of James City County, the City of Williamsburg, and York County, Virginia.  Topics range from education to farming to Eastern State Hospital.  Time periods covered begin with family memories from the Revolutionary War to the 1980's.  Many interviewees were born in late 1800's to early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSwem Library did not receive all the cassette tapes or transcripts as listed on the JCC Historical Commission Accession system.  These interviews were either never done or not received by Swem Library's Special Collections Research Center.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComprehensive Subject Index, Alphabetical index by Participants and Numerical Index (Key Index) by Assigned Participant Numbers. The subject index lists the numbers assigned by the JCC Historical Commission. Use these numbers on the numerical index to find the person interviewed. You may also search alphabetically by participant. These indices are filed in the front of each box. Participants Index by Accession Number 84-001 Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-003 Ed Belvin 84-004 Alleyne Blayton 84-005 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-006 C. Hammond Branch 84-008 Mary E.Brown 84-009 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-011 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-013 Richard Hughes Carter 84-014 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-015 Thomas Coleman 84-016 Phillip Cooke 84-017 Phillip Cooke 84-020 Ruth Cowles 84-021 Preston Crump 84-023 William Cumber 84-025 Caroline Dozier 84-029 Jean Etheridge 84-031 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-033 Willard Gilley 84-034 Leonard Graves 84-035 Rose Gross 84-036 Gladys Guy 84-037 Frances Hamilton 84-038 Ruth Hankins 84-039 Clara Harris 84-040 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-041 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-042 Mabel Hazelwood 84-043 Edna Hockaday 84-046 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-047 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-048 Sam T. Jones 84-049 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-051 Herman Kinde, Occupation: Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families. Norge and Lightfoot. 84-052 Alexander Lee 84-053 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-054 Shirley Payne Low 84-060 Berit T. Mesarick 84-061 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-062 Rev. Junius Moody 84-063 Mildred Moody 84-066 Julia Oxrieder 84-068 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-070 Catherine Pippin 84-071 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-072 Grace Radcliffe 84-073 Alma Ransone 84-074 Arline Richardson 84-077 Parke Rouse 84-078 Clara Russell 84-079 Hattie J. Sasser 84-081 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-083 O.M. Smith 84-086 Edward Stewart 84-087 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-090 Stewart Taylor 84-093 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-097 George Waltrip 84-100 Frances Murray White 84-102 Peggy Zuzma 84-104 Lydia Gardner 84-109 Francis Robb 84-111 Thelma Pederson 84-113 Imogene Bell 84-114 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-117 George Farthing 84-118 David Ware 84-121 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-124 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-125 Carra Dillard 85-130 John Jennings 84-131 Mildred Layne 84-132 Maria Mapp 84-136 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-137 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-139 Alice Tudor 84-141 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-142 Forrest Griffin 84-143 Wilton Kinnamon 84-144 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-147 Charlie Fields 84-148 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-149 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-151 Herman Kinde 84-152 Louise Herring 84-156 Willard Epperson 84-157 Virgie Wickre Newton Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 85-130 John Jennings 86-001 Doris Epps 86-002 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer Alphabetical List of Participants Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-001 Imogene Bell 84-113 Ed Belvin 84-003 Alleyne Blayton 84-004 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-005 C. Hammond Branch 84-006 Mary E.Brown 84-008 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-009 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-011 Richard Hughes Carter 84-013 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-014 Thomas Coleman 84-015 Phillip Cooke 84-016, 84-107 Ruth Cowles 84-020 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-124 Preston Crump 84-021 William Cumber 84-023 Carra Dillard 84-125 Caroline Dozier 84-025 Willard Epperson 84-156 Doris Epps 86-001 Jean Etheridge 84-029 George Farthing 84-117 Charlie Fields 84-147 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-031 Lydia Gardner 84-104 Willard Gilley 84-033 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-141 Leonard Graves 84-034 Forrest Griffin 84-142 Rose Gross 84-035 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer 86-002 Gladys Guy 84-036 Frances Hamilton 84-037 Ruth Hankins 84-038 Clara Harris 84-039 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-040 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-041 Mabel Hazelwood 84-042 Louise Herring 84-152 Edna Hockaday 84-043 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-144 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-046 John Jennings 85-130 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-047 Sam T. Jones 84-048 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-049 Herman Kinde 84-151 Wilton Kinnamon 84-143 Mildred Layne 84-131 Alexander Lee 84-052 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-053 Shirley Payne Low 84-054 Maria Mapp 84-132 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-149 Berit T. Mesarick 84-060 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-061 Rev. Junius Moody 84-062 Mildred Moody 84-063 Virgie Wickre Newton 84-157 Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 Julia Oxrieder 84-066 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-121 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-068 Thelma Pederson 84-111 Catherine Pippin 84-070 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-071 Grace Radcliffe 84-072 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-136 Alma Ransone 84-073 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-148 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-137 Arline Richardson 84-074 Francis Robb 84-109 Parke Rouse 84-077 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-114 Clara Russell 84-078 Hattie J. Sasser 84-079 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-081 O.M. Smith 84-083 Edward Stewart 84-086 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-087 Stewart Taylor 84-090 Alice Tudor 84-139 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-093 George Waltrip 84-097 David Ware 84-118 Frances Murray White 84-100 Peggy Zuzma 84-102   Subject Index A Archaelogy 001, 100 Architecture 013 Aviation 003 B Barhamsville047, 074, 090 Black/White relations 84-: 004, 013, 014, 016, 017, 023, 031, 035, 036, 038, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 074, 077, 078, 079, 081, 083, 087, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 118, 121, 125, 131, 132, 136, 137, 141, 142, 148, 151, 174, 86-001   Business, Barhamsville 074 Business, Centerville 132 Business, Croaker 031 Business, Diascund041, 043 Business, Five Forks 84-102 Business, Grove 052, 087, 131 Business, Lightfoot 061 Business, Norge 037, 047, 151 Business, Williamsburg 003, 008, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 024, 034, 038, 040, 052, 053, 054, 073, 096, 066, 068, 077, 078, 097, 109, 111, 114, 117, 121, 131, 132, 142, 143, 156, 86-001, C Christmas 004, 014, 017, 020, 031, 033, 037, 041, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 054, 60, 061, 063, 068, 073, 074, 078, 087, 102, 114, 118, 132, 137, 148, 151, 174, Civil War 001, 006, 021, 033, 036, 038, 040, 043, 048, 053, 063, 072, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 100, 102, 111, 117, 118, 125, 130, 132, 136, 151, 174 Courts 001, 017, 052, 090, 093, 117, 130, 174 Crime 001, 021, 025, 021, 036, 052, 053, 063, 073, 097, 111, 132, 141, 142, 152, 148, 86-001 Croaker 017, 031, 038, 047, 117, 121, 130, 136, 137, 151, 86-001 D Depression 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 017, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 036, 037, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 086, 090, 109, 111, 118, 121, 125, 130, 132, 137, 139, 142, 143, 148 Diascund 020, 041, 043 Disaster 031, 038, 041, 046, 048, 053, 063, 066, 074, 081, 083, 086, 097, 102, 104, 130, 139, 148 E Economy 006, 014, 017, 020, 021, 025, 033, 034, 035, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174, 86-001 Education 001, 004, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174 Ewell 84-046 F Family Life 004, 005, 006, 008, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 Farming 001, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 020, 021, 025, 031, 033, 035, 038, 041, 043, 044, 047, 048, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 118, 130, 132, 136, 139, 142, 148, 151, 156, 174 Fishing 001, 031, 038, 043, 047, 048, 053, 078, 081, 083, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 136 Five Forks 097, 100, 102, 114, 132, 151 G Government 001, 006, 009, 011, 013, 017, 033, 034, 046, 049, 052, 053, 054, 062, 072, 077, 090, 118, 139 Grove 001, 017, 035, 052, 053, 062, 072, 078, 087, 131, 136, 139, 156 Growth 001, 004, 005, 008, 009, 011, 013, 015, 016, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 041, 060, 062, 066, 071, 073, 077, 087, 097, 125, 130, 139, 141, 86-001 H Hunting 001, 020, 048, 083, 102, 109, 114, 130, 141, 142, 156 J James City County 013 Jamestown 001, 003, 005, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 040, 049, 054, 060, 078, 081, 083, 093, 097, 100, 102, 111, 114, 132, 139, 141 L Lanexa 011, 038, 043 Lightfoot 001, 020, 036, 046, 047, 061, 074, 109, 117, 132, 141, 142, 148, 151 Lumbering 005, 006, 020, 035, 038, 046, 048, 074, 102, 117, 130, 132, 143, 151 M Medicine 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 020, 121, 029, 034, 038, 041, 043, 046, 048, 049, 052, 078, 083, 086, 087, 102, 104, 111, 113, 114, 125, 130, 132, 148 N Norge001, 006, 013, 020, 031, 034, 035, 036, 037, 046, 047, 061, 063, 097, 117, 139, 151, 86-001 R Recreation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 025, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 041, 043, 046, 047, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 117, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 86-001 Religion 001, 004, 006, 009, 011, 013, 014, 017, 020, 021, 035, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 066, 071, 073, 074, 077, 079, 081, 083, 086, 087, 093, 102, 109, 111, 118, 121, 132, 137, 143, 151 Revolutionary War 001, 038, 040, 078, 081, 083, 100, 118, 125, 130, 139, 141, 151 S Shipping 005, 006, 043, 046, 048, 078, 081, 097, 100, 102, 114, 118, 141, 143, 156 Social Life 004, 034, 036, 037, 041, 109, 113 Superstitions004, 008, 013, 016, 017, 021, 038, 048, 049, 087, 090, 102, 111, 114, 130, 132 T Toano001, 005, 009, 021, 025, 031, 034, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 061, 063, 074, 090, 109, 118, 130, 142, 148, 151, 86-001 Traditions 013, 017 Transportation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 014, 015, 017, 020, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 093, 097, 102, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 W Williamsburg001, 003, 005, 008, 009, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 023, 029, 034, 036, 040, 046, 049, 053, 054, 060, 061, 066, 073, 077, 078, 079, 090, 093, 104, 109, 111, 113, 117, 121, 125, 131, 132, 139, 142, 143, 156, 86-001 World War I 020, 021, 029, 038, 041, 046, 047, 048, 054, 061, 063, 072, 081, 086, 097, 100, 102, 104, 111, 118, 125, 139, 148, 151, 156, 157 World War II 001, 003, 009, 013, 017, 020, 023, 025, 029, 033, 035, 037, 038, 043, 046, 047, 052, 053, 060, 061, 063, 066, 081, 083, 087, 102, 109, 111, 117, 118, 121, 132, 141, 151\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEach folder includes a typed transcription of the cassette tape, often with a handwritten copy and/or changes made later by the interviewee. An index, with page numbers, of subjects covered in the interviews is included, plus a form with biographical information about the interviewee. There is a signed Release Form at the back of each folder. The transcriptions are filed in numerical order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Judge. Regarding local government, courts, physical changes, tours, depression, education at Matthew Whaley, recreation, homes and law enforcement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Retired Educator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Housewife, Bookkeeper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Farmer. Toano.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBruton Heights School, Colonial Williamsburg and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Physician at Eastern State Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHotel Felix, Toano and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Retired Clergyman and Museum Historical Teacher, Colonial Williamsburg Supervisor of Training. Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Physician.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Waiter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Worked at Western Union, and William and Mary. Black History. Bruton High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Organist and Choir Director of Mt. Vernon Methodist Church.  Born in Lightfoot, lived in Toano.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg. Crump's Hotel. Civil War. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Cook for W\u0026amp;M College Presidents, in charge of Officers' Club at Camp Peary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Principal of Mathew Whaley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Home Owner. Lived in Toano.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCroaker.  Norge in the 1950's.  Lutheran Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Milk Distributor.  Family moved to JCC in  1905.  He was born on Neck-o-land Road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Frazier-Graves Co., Inc., Men's Cothing Store on Duke of Gloucester Street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg in 1903.  General Williamsburg history and changes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFather, Mr. Bennett, a faculty member at William and Mary and Superintendent of Williamsburg's Public Schools.  Born 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Retired U.S. Postal Clerk. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Math Teacher and Housewife. Family were farmers in Toano. Born 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarly days in Williamsburg and James City County. Family from Williamsburg area for many generations. Jerusalem Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttended William and Mary 1920-1923. Rector of Hickory Neck as a young man. Harrison Family. Carter's Grove.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer youth in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to James City County in 1908. Old Academy School. Toano area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher at Diascund School. Born 1901 in James City County near New Kent County line.  Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Farmer.  Norge.  Moved to Hill Pleasant Farm in 1912 and to Norge in 1904.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Mr. Jenson was a Rural Mail Carrier and his wife a housewife. Born 1890's. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Handyman.  Born1905. Toano. Chickahominy Road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg in 1906.  Childhood in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families.  Norge and Lightfoot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNaval Weapons Station.  York County. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove. Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.  Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher, Training Supervisor for Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, author and more. Williamsburg in 1950's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorwegian Families. Norway. Moved to Williamsburg area in early 1970's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLightfoot. Norge. Norwegian Families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Minister and School Teacher. Born in 1903. Arrived in James City County in 1925. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToano. Born 1906.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Mathematician.  Father was Dean of William and Mary Law School. Born 1925.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Sweet Baker at Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born 1903. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1940's and 1950's memories of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Baptist Minister. Moved to Williamsburg in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove. York County. Naval Weapons Station. Black History. Sacalis Family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg about 1925. Burns Lane.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Teacher. Born about 1900. Barhamsville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Museum Director, writer.  Born 1915.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1951.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1893 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Booth Family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg Foundation. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg in 1920's and 1930's and later.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg in 1943. James City County Bible and Agriculture Training School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarhamsville. New Kent. Born about 1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Pastor. Born 1926. Camp Peary. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Farmer. Born 1915 in James City County. Civil War. Toano. New Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Attorney. Born 1899 at Sherwood Forest\" New Kent County. Williamsburg in early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1919 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Lake Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1928. 18th Century.  Property ownership in James City County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWaltrip Family. Born 1921 in Five Forks. James City County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Housewife.  Grew up on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFather went to William and Mary and was Professor/Chair of Chemistry Department.  Born in 1928.  Chandler Court.  Bruton Parish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDore Family. Peacock Hill.  Early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWife of Dr. Baxter Bell of Bell Hospital. Talks of Eastern State, Bell Hospital and more. Occupation: Nurse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn early 1900s.  Jamestown Island. Hickory Signpost Road. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrowing up in Williamsburg area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Real Estate, Lumber. Born 1916 in James City County at Windsor Castle. Mayflower descendant of Francis Eaton.  Toano.  Forge Road. Burnt Ordinary.  Farming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1907. York Street.  Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily store in Toano. Schools in Toano and Williamsburg, and William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarrett Family, Father on faculty at William and Mary.  Born 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Vice President of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born in 1911. Carter's Grove.  Grove.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSkipwith Farm.  Farming.  Longhill Road. Early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove. York County.  Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn about 1900.  Moved to James City County in 1920. Farming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1918.  Born in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily Occupation: Farmer.  Lived in Kingsmill area, Longhill Road and Camp Peary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Food Purchasing Agent for Colonial Williamsburg.  Family lived in Williamsburg for many generations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Owner of Kinnamon's Garage and Wrecker Service. Born 1913. Came to Williamsburg in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript not located.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1890.  Lived on Chickahominy Road, born in Fluvanna, Virginia.  Did farm work for Hankins family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Female Institute. Born about 1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher.  Toano.  Moved to James City County in 1920.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorge. Norwegian families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Barber. Born in Raleigh, North Carolina. Hotel near Williamsburg Inn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1908 in Williamsburg.  Norwegian Families. Wickre Street in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Director Emeritus, Virginia Historical Society.  Born 1916 in Toano. Vaiden family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCame to Williamsburg in 1918 with her first husband who was a stave (barrel) sawyer. Mr. Griesenauer was a Potter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo transcript, but one cassette tape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by the James City County Historical Commission. Edited by Nancy Smith Bradshaw. Acc. 1993.55.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c04"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9789","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Anna Jean Snowden notebook","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9789#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a composition notebook with 34 leaves of lined paper (22 pages with handwritten text), a laid-in stapled gathering of 8 leaves (6 pages with text), and a Howard University Hour Examination sheet. 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She died in July 1996."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnna Jean Snowden notebook, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Anna Jean Snowden notebook, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a composition notebook with 34 leaves of lined paper (22 pages with handwritten text), a laid-in stapled gathering of 8 leaves (6 pages with text), and a Howard University Hour Examination sheet. It was compiled by an African-American woman, Anna Jean Snowden, who attended Howard University and later taught at the Tuskegee Institute. 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Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. 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Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School."],"title_filing_ssi":"Bly, Tony Oral History","title_ssm":["Bly, Tony Oral History"],"title_tesim":["Bly, Tony Oral History"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2024 February 23"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bly, Tony Oral History"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":10,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2024],"access_subjects_ssim":["Literacy","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Charities"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Literacy","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Charities"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAntonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9790.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bray School Lab Records","title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"text":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790","Bray School Lab records","African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.","This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOlivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026amp; Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026amp; Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAntonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDa-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMadeline Dort graduated from William \u0026amp; Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026amp; Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026amp; Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026amp; Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026amp; Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCliff Fleet is the President \u0026amp; CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026amp; Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026amp; Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026amp; Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026amp; Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026amp; Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRon Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026amp; Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBurnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026amp; Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElle Kim is a William \u0026amp; Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026amp; Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAyinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026amp; Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026amp; Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026amp; Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026amp; Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026amp; Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Pleasant is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and what led him to the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnn Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCecilia Weaver is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYe Xiao is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":180,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c04"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c07","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Brown, Nicole Oral History","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c07#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. 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She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg."],"title_filing_ssi":"Brown, Nicole Oral History","title_ssm":["Brown, Nicole Oral History"],"title_tesim":["Brown, Nicole Oral History"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2023 July 24"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brown, Nicole Oral History"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":19,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2023],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Education","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--History","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Education","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--History","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9790.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bray School Lab Records","title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"text":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790","Bray School Lab records","African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.","This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOlivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026amp; Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026amp; Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAntonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDa-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMadeline Dort graduated from William \u0026amp; Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026amp; Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026amp; Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026amp; Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026amp; Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCliff Fleet is the President \u0026amp; CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026amp; Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026amp; Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026amp; Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026amp; Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026amp; Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRon Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026amp; Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBurnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026amp; Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElle Kim is a William \u0026amp; Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026amp; Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAyinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026amp; Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026amp; Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026amp; Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026amp; Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026amp; Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Pleasant is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and what led him to the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnn Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCecilia Weaver is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYe Xiao is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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G. Day and James Ford of the Colored Peoples Sabbath School, Hudson, New York. Includes the details of the reoganization of this school in an attempt to excite more interest in it. Also includes some history of the school.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Two reports, circa 1850, totaling 3 pages and written by H. G. Day and James Ford of the Colored Peoples Sabbath School, Hudson, New York. Includes the details of the reoganization of this school in an attempt to excite more interest in it. Also includes some history of the school."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:46:58.625Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_3743"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c20","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Druitt, Michael Oral History","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c20#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c20","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c20"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c20","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9790"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9790"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"text":["Bray School Lab records","Druitt, Michael Oral History","College of William and Mary--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow."],"title_filing_ssi":"Druitt, Michael Oral History","title_ssm":["Druitt, Michael Oral History"],"title_tesim":["Druitt, Michael Oral History"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2023 November 3"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Druitt, Michael Oral History"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":58,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2023],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow."],"_nest_path_":"/components#19","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9790.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bray School Lab Records","title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"text":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790","Bray School Lab records","African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.","This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOlivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026amp; Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026amp; Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAntonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDa-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMadeline Dort graduated from William \u0026amp; Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026amp; Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026amp; Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026amp; Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026amp; Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCliff Fleet is the President \u0026amp; CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026amp; Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026amp; Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026amp; Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026amp; Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026amp; Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRon Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026amp; Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBurnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026amp; Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElle Kim is a William \u0026amp; Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026amp; Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAyinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026amp; Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026amp; Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026amp; Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026amp; Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026amp; Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Pleasant is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and what led him to the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnn Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCecilia Weaver is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYe Xiao is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. 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Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Collection is arranged by file.","Collection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. Also included is a small ambrotype photograph and a list of names, possibly of enslaved individuals.","This series includes various papers including correspondence, receipts, affidavits, and medical class notes. Writings are also contained in this series and includes original handwritten sermons,and other non religious writings.","File contains multiple oversize letters including a letter addressed to a Mrs. Garnett dated 1824, another addressed to \"sister\" from unidentified person dated 1863 and a letter to Reverened H.W. Temple from unidentified person dated 1866. The remaining letters are unidentified correspondence.","Series includes published almanacs, and religious books.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01928","/repositories/2/resources/9910"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. "],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. 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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by file."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Waring Latane Lewis family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. 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"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Church history--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by file."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Waring Latane Lewis family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henry Waring Latane Lewis family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. Also included is a small ambrotype photograph and a list of names, possibly of enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes various papers including correspondence, receipts, affidavits, and medical class notes. Writings are also contained in this series and includes original handwritten sermons,and other non religious writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile contains multiple oversize letters including a letter addressed to a Mrs. Garnett dated 1824, another addressed to \"sister\" from unidentified person dated 1863 and a letter to Reverened H.W. Temple from unidentified person dated 1866. The remaining letters are unidentified correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries includes published almanacs, and religious books.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains papers documenting the family of Henry Waring Latane Lewis from Essex County, Virginia. Lewis was an episcopal minister in Essex County and often preached to African-Americans. The Collection includes papers ranging from correspondence to legal documents. Also included is a small ambrotype photograph and a list of names, possibly of enslaved individuals.","This series includes various papers including correspondence, receipts, affidavits, and medical class notes. Writings are also contained in this series and includes original handwritten sermons,and other non religious writings.","File contains multiple oversize letters including a letter addressed to a Mrs. Garnett dated 1824, another addressed to \"sister\" from unidentified person dated 1863 and a letter to Reverened H.W. Temple from unidentified person dated 1866. The remaining letters are unidentified correspondence.","Series includes published almanacs, and religious books."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:18:49.790Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9910"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c35","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Hogue, Rachel Oral History","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c35#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c35","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c35"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c35","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9790"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9790"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"text":["Bray School Lab records","Hogue, Rachel Oral History","College of William and Mary--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School."],"title_filing_ssi":"Hogue, Rachel Oral History","title_ssm":["Hogue, Rachel Oral History"],"title_tesim":["Hogue, Rachel Oral History"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2023 November 2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hogue, Rachel Oral History"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":103,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2023],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School."],"_nest_path_":"/components#34","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9790","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9790.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bray School Lab Records","title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"text":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790","Bray School Lab records","African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.","This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 410","/repositories/2/resources/9790"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bray School Lab records"],"collection_ssim":["Bray School Lab records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg, Va.)","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Bray School Lab","Williamsburg Bray School Initiative"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["92.4 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by interviewees' last name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bray School Lab Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOlivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026amp; Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026amp; Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAntonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDa-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026amp; Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026amp; Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDevin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMadeline Dort graduated from William \u0026amp; Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026amp; Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026amp; Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026amp; Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026amp; Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026amp; Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026amp; Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCliff Fleet is the President \u0026amp; CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026amp; Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026amp; Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026amp; Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026amp; Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026amp; Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026amp; Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026amp; Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRon Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026amp; Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBurnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026amp; Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElle Kim is a William \u0026amp; Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCurtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026amp; Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAyinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026amp; Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026amp; Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEthan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026amp; Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026amp; Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMargaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026amp; Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026amp; Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Pleasant is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026amp; Mary and what led him to the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnn Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCecilia Weaver is a William \u0026amp; Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYe Xiao is a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026amp; Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026amp; Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history collection encompasses interviews that tell the story of the Bray School, the first extant building dedicated to the education of free and enslaved black children in the United States. The William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab, part of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, has been researching and promoting the history of the Bray School and its legacy. Part of this work has entailed conducting oral histories with descendants of Bray School students and those researching or interpreting the Bray School's legacy.","Teddi Ashby is a member of the descendant community descended from the Ashby children who attended the Williamsburg Bray School. Teddi describes her years of historical research related to the Ashby family and the oral histories handed down by her family about her ancestors. Teddi discusses her aspirations for the Bray School site when it opens November 2024.","David Barr III is an writer, editor, playwright and former historic interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg. He has worked on black history projects including Aberdeen Garden 158, and with Mamie Till on a production for her son Emmett Till. David reflects on his experiences as an actor/interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing Gowan Pamphlet, a young enslaved boy owned by Jane Vobe believed to be educated at the Bray School, who went on to become the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia and was instrumental in starting the First Baptist Church. David reflects on his time as an interpreter and his experiences with former director Rex Ellis (NMAAHC) and Christy Coleman (Director, Jamestown/Yorktown Foundation). He discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Olivia Blackshire is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner, partnering with the lab on research and engagement for the Williamsburg Bray School. Olivia discusses her path to William \u0026 Mary and her path to the Bray School Lab, her experiences participating on a conference panel and her research project related to the correspondence between the Bray Associates and the Bray School administrators. Olivia also reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and her thoughts on the rediscovery. William \u0026 Mary student Olivia Blackshire discusses her role as a student thought partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab.","Antonio T. Bly is Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History at California State University, Sacramento. He has written many books and articles on black literacy in the eighteenth century. Antonio describes his research on black literacy and education in the eighteenth century, and his thoughts on current debates around the issue of writing taught at the Bray Schools, and the broader implications for the legacy of the Bray Schools. Antonio shares his thoughts on the importance of learning fact-based history, the challenges for enslaved and free children in the eighteenth century and the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hannah Bowman is a historic area supervisor with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Hannah discusses her background and her family's love of history. She discusses her experience acting, and explains the importance of storytelling in interpretation. She explains how the story of the Bray School helps us understand the importance of telling a fuller story. Hannah Bowman shares her experience as a storyteller and describes the art of storytelling.","Da-Veia Brown is a video content producer who has previously worked as a historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Da-Veia relates her early years and her journey to become a content producer for Colonial Williamsburg Innovation Studios. In this role, she creates visual content for Colonial Williamsburg many historic assets and sites. Da-Veia relates her experiences as a content creator and reflects on the meaning of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community.","Nicole Brown is the graduate lab assistant for the Williamsburg Bray School. She works with Student Thought Partners to conduct research on the Bray School. Nicole also portrays the Bray school teacher Anne Wager as a Nation Builder at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where she also serves as manager of Core Programming for the foundation. Nicole is a Ph.D. student in William \u0026 Mary's American Studies program. Nicole Brown describes her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School and her research that has underpinned the Bray School Lab. She discusses her role as a lab assistant, guiding students at William \u0026 Mary who volunteer to work on projects to disseminate the story of the Bray school. She also provides insight into the legacy of the school and will guide the site interpretation for the site when it opens as the 89th original building in Colonial Williamsburg.","Loretta Burwell is a descendant community member and a possible direct descendant of a Bray Student. Loretta is an educator, having taught at several schools and colleges. She taught English literature but focused on black literature and poets. Loretta discusses her joy, pain, and hope on her journey to find her ancestors and her engagement with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Loretta has done extensive research on her family history and lineage and discusses her journey to the Williamsburg Bray School, and the moment she was contacted by the Bray School Lab 30 years after leaving a card at a library seeking information on her ancestors. Loretta explains her visit to the Williamsburg Bray School and her journey from Atlanta George for Descendants Week, and her visit to Bruton Parish Church to see where her ancestors where baptized in the eighteenth century.","Harold Caldwell is a carpenter historic interpreter for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Harold discusses his experience interpreting African American history first in Foodways and now as a journeyman carpenter. He details the work he is doing in the restoration for the Bray school building in Colonial Williamsburg historic area. Harold shares his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School and what the rediscovery means for the community. He also shares why the work he does is so important.","Devin Canaday is a descendant community and native son of Williamsburg Virginia. Devin details his life as the member of the Canaday family in Williamsburg, his ten year experience with Colonial Williamsburg, and his success as an entrepreneur. Devin discusses his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and what it will mean to the community and the world. Devin weighs in on how the subject of the Bray School and its students' - not the building, should be the focus of the rediscovery.","Janice Canaday is a member of the Canaday and Jones family and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Janice details her family's history and the legacy of the Bray School students for the commuity and abroad. She discusses her many roles at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation where she currently is the African American Community Engagement Manager. Janice discusses how she engages with the community and guests at Colonial Williamsburg to help them understand the significance of the Bray School scholars.","Jason Chen is a professor of educational psychology at William \u0026 Mary, and was one of four Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellows who conducted research in support of SCP's initiatives, including the Williamsburg Bray School. Jason details his early impressions and discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Jason discusses the importance of the work the Bray School Lab is doing and why the work is important today.","Pat Chrenka is a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Pat Chrenka discusses her roles with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and her experience interpreting the Bray School. Pat Chrenka explains the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Edwin Cooke III is an historic interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Edwin discusses his experience as a William \u0026 Mary student, an adjunct professor at Hampton University and a historic interpreter at Colonial Williamsburg. Edwin reflects on the legacy of the Bray School and the students who attended the school.","Curtis Corbitt is a member of the descendant community (Jones family) and an educator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts but his roots are in York County Virginia. He is exploring his ties to the Bray school student Elisha Jones. Curtis describes his beginnings in Massachusetts, his family history and how he learned about the Williamsburg Bray School. He is currently researching the history of the land his family lives on, which has been in the family for many generations. He is following the oral history that the land was purchased from the plantation owner and hoping to establish a direct link to a Bray school student from the Jones family. Curtis discusses his family's legacies and his interest in knowing more about his ties to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Madeline Dort graduated from William \u0026 Mary in 2023. As an undergraduate student, she worked as a Bray School Lab student thought partner conducting research for the lab. Madeline describes her experiences as a William \u0026 Mary student, her activities as a student and her volunteer experience with Colonial Williamsburg. She also discusses her role and projects as a student thought partner at the lab under the direction of lab director Maureen Elgersman Lee and lab assistant Nicole Brown. William \u0026 Mary student Madeline Dort describes her experience working as a Student Thought Partner with the Bray School Lab. She also discusses her experiences as a historic interpreter and her reflections on race and education.","Elizabeth Drembus is a genealogist who has previously worked for DAR and on the Virginia Theological Seminary reparations project. For the VTS project, she helped locate the descendants of the enslaved persons who worked for the seminary. Elizabeth Drembus describes her work locating the descendants of the known Bray students. She also discusses her methodology and her engagement with the descendant community, her colloboration with the Bray School Lab staff and her hopes for the site when it opens in September 2024 at Colonial Williamsburg. Elizabeth Drembus discusses her methodology in searching for the descendants of the known Bray scholars. She also discusses the work the lab is doing to engage with the descendant community.","Cynthia Druitt is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School. Cynthia Druitt describes learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and that she is a member of the descendant community. She discusses her cousin, Col Lafayette Jones' and his book My Great Great Grandfather's Journey to an Island of Freedom, about the Jones children who attended the Bray School. Cynthia Druitt discusses the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School in the Colonial Williamsburg historic area.","Michael Druitt is an associate professor of Biological Sciences at Hampton University and identifies as a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael discusses his family history and his ties to the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Michael reflects on the importance of education for the black community and the legacy of the Bray School in his family's history. Michael Druitt explains the importance of the Bray School legacy for himself and the black community, and the importance of learning about the history of those who forged a path for others to follow.","Stephanie is a resident of James City County and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School Descendant Community. Stephanie learned about the Williamsburg Bray School and moved back to Williamsburg from New York to explore the history and legacy of the school. Stephanie attended James City County schools as a young child before moving to New York. Stephanie Dunmore is exploring her roots and researching the connection between Dunmore's Proclamation of 1765 and her deceased husband's surname.","Latricia Cooke Eason is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a family researcher currently working on a book about her research. Latricia describes her experience growing up in the Williamsburg area and her current efforts to record her family's histories. She reflects on the work that William \u0026 Mary and Colonial Williamsburg are doing to tell a fuller story of the experience of African Americans in the Tidewater area. Latricia explains why black history is important and why we need to keep telling the stories of those who have gone before us and sacrificed for their descendants.","Dawn Edmiston is a professor of Marketing at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Dawn describes her journey to William \u0026 Mary and her desire to work with Strategic Cultural Partnerships to advance the story of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dawn discusses how her marketing program to leverage William \u0026 Mary's assets to benefit programs like the Williamsburg Bray School.","Rex Ellis is the former Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs at the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) at the Smithsonian Institution. Prior to this position, Dr. Ellis was the first African American Vice President for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where he managed all programs and operations. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Virginia Commonwealth University, a Masters in Fine Arts from Wayne State University, a Masters of Divinity from Virginia Union University, and an Ed.D from the College of William and Mary. He is the author of two books, Beneath the Blazing Sun: Stories from the African American Journey, and With a Banjo on My Knee, which chronicles the history of black banjo players from the time of slavery to the present. Dr. Ellis describes his youth and growing up in the Tidewater area of VA and his path to becoming a director at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, followed by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He gives his insight into the importance of telling the story of the contributions of African Americans. Dr. Rex Ellis discusses the first educated Africans at William \u0026 Mary, menservants who accompanied their masters and later taught eachother the rudiments of education.","Eliza Fernandez is a recent graduate of William \u0026 Mary and an oral history intern with the CHiP 2024 summer internship. Eliza discusses her experience learning oral history methodology with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and how her experience at William \u0026 Mary has shaped her future. Eliza discusses her experiences attending Descendants Day at both James Monroe's Highland and Stratford Hall with members of the descendant community.","Cliff Fleet is the President \u0026 CEO of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and an alumni of William \u0026 Mary. He headed Philip Morris before retiring to lead the foundation in its motto \"that the future may learn from the past.\" He was born in Charlottesville, Virginia and attended William \u0026 Mary where he received his master's degree and is also a faculty member. Cliff Fleet describes the genesis of the Williamsburg Bray School Initiative, a project that involved both the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and William \u0026 Mary. Once the building determined to the Williamsburg Bray School was identified, he convened the initiative where William \u0026 Mary would do the research and Colonial Williamsburg would engage in the restoration of the building. He also discusses the engagement with the descendant community that was imperative for the success of the project. He discusses the future of the Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House on Nassau Street. President Cliff Fleet discusses the Bray School Initiative, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the \"power of place\" in Williamsburg, Virginia.","Dennis Gardner is a long-time resident of Williamsburg and a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community. Dennis discusses the history of the Ashby family and his thoughts on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dennis explains the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to the community and to the descendants.","Jack Gary is the Executive Director of Archaeology for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Jack Gary details his path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, his experience prior to his current role, and the different projects he has worked on with the Foundation, including the African Baptist Meetinghouse and the Williamsburg Bray School. Jack details the day he found intact burials at the site of the first Baptist Church on Nassau Street in Colonial Williamsburg, and his efforts to contact the descendant community first when the discovery was made.","Johnette Gordon-Weaver is a Williamsburg native and a Williamsburg Bray School descendant community member. Johnette is active with the Reservation, the Village Initiative and other groups that aim to restore the history and legacy of Williamsburg's black residents. Johnette Gordon-Weaver discusses her family's history that goes back to 17th century Virginia. She also discusses her ties to the Reservation community and reflects on her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School, her essay contribution to the book written by the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall 2024.","Connie Matthews Harshaw is the president of the Let Freedom Ring Foundation, an organization that supports the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg Virginia. She has been in public service for many years and now spends her down advocating for different organizations. Connie Harshaw discusses the significance of the Williamsburg Bray School and her role in the rediscovery of the building and its new location in the historic area of Colonial Williamsburg. Connie Harshaw details the importance of the Bray School to the community and the importance of descendant communities.","Crystal Haskins is a member of the Bray School Descendant Community member and a lifelong educator in the James City County and York County School system. Crystal reflects on her life growing up as a member of the Williamsburg community and her experiences working for Colonial Williamsburg and as an educator. She discusses her efforts to involve the community in educational events surrounding the Bray School. Crystal Haskins discusses her aspirations for the opening ceremony for the Williamsburg Bray School and the ongoing efforts to continue to tell the story.","Cathy Hellier is the Senior Researcher for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Cathy details her path to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and the work of researchers to uncover history and tell a fuller story of eighteenth century Williamsburg. She discusses her role in researching the documents needed to determine the ownership of the Bray-Digges home which housed the Bray School for its first 5 years of operation. Cathy Hellier discusses the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School to guests who visit Colonial Williamsburg.","Grace Helmick is the Media Technician for the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Grace discusses her journey to the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary and her role in documenting the Williamsburg Bray School's restoration phases. Grace reflects on the importance of repairing and rediscovering the legacy of the Bray School and William \u0026 Mary's responsibility to tell the whole story.","Mark Hofer is the Senior Director for the Learning and Design Lab in the Office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Mark discusses his role supporting efforts to bring the story of the Bray School to K-12 teachers in different formats for school curriculum and instruction. He discusses his path to William \u0026 Mary and his different roles in the university. Mark Hofer discusses his role incorporating different teaching methods for K-12 teachers for the Bray School and other SCP projects.","Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Bray School Lab Student Thought Partner who collaborates with the lab on different projects related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel Hogue is a student at William \u0026 Mary who has participated in several projects related to the rediscovery and education related to the Williamsburg Bray School. Rachel discusses her experiences as a Student Thought Partner for the Bray School Lab and the different projects she worked on, her time studying abroad at Oxford and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the school building. William \u0026 Mary student discusses her collaboration with the Bray School Lab on the rediscovery of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Ron Hurst is the Senior Vice President for Education and Historic Resources at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Ron began his journey to Colonial Williamsburg from Northern Virginia, acquiring degrees from Virginia Tech and George Mason University before attending William \u0026 Mary and earning a master's degree. He has worn many hats with the Foundation before landing his current role and discusses his experiences with the restoration of the Williamsburg Bray School. Ron explains how Colonial Williamsburg made the determination that the Bray-Digges home was the home of the Williamsburg Bray School for its first five years of operation and the work to restore it in the historic area. Interview was conducted in the Goodwin Building at Colonial Williamsburg.","James Ingram is an actor/interpreter (Nation Builder Gowan Pamphlet) for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. James Ingram describes his journey to Colonial Williamsburg and his experience playing the first ordained Baptist minister in Virginia the Reverend Gowan Pamphlet. James discusses his research on Gowan Pamphlet and the effect his portrayal has had on him personally and professionally.","Burnell Irby is a middle school teacher that lives in Maryland. He has been doing research on his family for years and recently discovered his connection to the Williamsburg Bray School. Mr. Irby details the history of his family and his roots in Williamsburg, Virginia. He discusses the importance of the Bray School and the legacy of education as evidenced in the today's school curriculums. Burnell Irby discusses his research on his family and his family connection to the Bray School student enslavers.","Dani Jaworski is the manager of Architectural collections at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a William \u0026 Mary alumni. She is a descendant of the First Families of Virginia and oversees the architectural collection for the foundation. Dani discusses her background and her many career tracks before deciding to go into architectural collection and discusses her role in current projects at Colonial Williamsburg including the Williamsburg Bray School and the African Baptist Meeting House. Dani Jaworski discusses the plans for the African American corrider on Nassau St at Colonial Williamsburg.","Martha Katz-Hyman is an independent curator of material culture for enslaved peoples. Martha discusses her experience using material culture to interpret the lives of enslaved people in the seventeenth/eighteenth century. She discusses her role with different historic sites such as Carter's Grove, once a historic site run by Colonial Williamsburg. Martha describes her experience working with different individuals who assisted her in learning how to use material culture to tell a fuller story of the lives of enslaved people in the eighteenth century. Martha also details what to expect to see in the Bray School from a material culture standpoint.","Elle Kim is a William \u0026 Mary student who was an oral history intern for the summer of 2023 in the ChiP program with the Bray School Lab. Elle Kim describes her experiences as an oral history intern working under Oral Historian Tonia Merideth.","Curtis Lassiter is a longtime resident of Williamsburg Virginia and a descendant community member. Curtis discusses the history of his family and his experience growing up in Williamsburg VA. Curtis discusses his expectations for the opening of the Williamsburg Bray School and the descendant community's involvement.","Mary Lassiter is a member of the Williamsburg Bray School descendant community and a member of the descendants of the Reservation. Mary discusses her experience learning about the Williamsburg Bray School and her experiences as an activist for her community. Mary reflects on her experiences as a lifelong member of the Williamsburg community and her involvement with the Williamsburg Bray School.","Maureen Elgersman Lee is the director of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Maureen is a native of Ontario, Canada and holds a DA in the Humanities. She overseers the work of the Bray School Lab and its efforts to rediscover the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School and its scholars. Maureen discusses her formative years, her path to Clark Atlanta University where she studied African American history, and her path to Virginia and ultimately William \u0026 Mary prior to her tenure at Hampton University. She discusses the formation of the Bray School Initiative, her piloting the publication of the book edited by herself and lab assistant Nicole Brown, and the legacy of the Bray School and its future. Interview was conducted in the Bray School Lab in Williamsburg, VA.","Ayinde is a journeyman carpenter with Colonial Williamsburg. He has been with Colonial Williamsburg for 27 years working as a historic interpreter or in the trades. Ayinde discusses his role with Colonial Williamsburg and his current position as a journeyman carpenter currently working on building pieces of furniture for the Williamsburg Bray School. He also reflects on the significance of the school and relates the influence that several former interpreters of Colonial Williamsburg had on him. Ayinde Martin reflects on the Williamsburg Bray School and his role in creating pieces of furniture for the historic site that will open in the Fall of 2024.","Dr. Terry Meyers is chancellor professor of English emeritus, William \u0026 Mary, whose research led to the discovery of the Williamsburg Bray School. Dr. Meyers taught at William \u0026 Mary for 46 years before retiring six years ago. Terry Meyers describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary, what prompted him to begin his search for the Bray-Digges building on the campus of William \u0026 Mary and what the legacy of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the Williamsburg community. Terry Meyers discusses his search for the Bray-Digges building which had been hiding in plain sight on the campus of William \u0026 Mary for over 200 years. He walks his listeners down the path that led to the rediscovery of the building that housed the Bray school its first five years of operation.","Carol Miller is a member of the descendant community for the Williamsburg Bray School. Carol taught in the Williamsburg school system and is active in her community. Carol details her family history in York County VA, and her experiences growing up in the Tidewater area. She details her connections to the families of the area called The Grove area and her connection to other historical people and events. Carol provided knives in her collection of artifacts kept by the family collected from working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.","Ethan Miller was a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab before graduating from William \u0026 Mary in Spring 2023. Ethan describes his background, experience as a student at William \u0026 Mary and the projects he worked on for the Bray School Lab. Ethan also discusses his thoughts on the opening of the Bray site in Fall of 2024 and the importance of projects like the Williamsburg Bray School to repair the damage done by slavery and its legacies.","Conor Molloy is the Learning Design Program Manager in the office of Strategic Cultural Partnerships at William \u0026 Mary. Conor discusses his role at SCP in helping build an online presence to for teaching and educational purposes, including an online module based on the rubric Engaging Descendant Communities in the Interpretation of Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites and his work to support the work of the Bray School Lab. Conor discusses growing up in the UK, his musical career and his path to William \u0026 Mary.","Margaret Morrison is the Administrative Coordinator for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, which oversees the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Margaret discusses her role in facilitating the operation of the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her role working with the Brafferton School at William \u0026 Mary. Margaret reflects on the importance of the Williamsburg Bray School in history and for the community.","Janise Parker is an associate professor of school psychology at William \u0026 Mary and a Strategic Cultural Partnerships Faculty Fellow. Her work focuses on the intersection of religion, spirituality and its effect on mental health. Dr. Parker discusses her project to promote racial healing for the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab and her thoughts on the rediscovery of the Bray School and how her work can promote racial healing. Dr. Janise Parker discusses her background and path to William \u0026 Mary as a professor of school psychology and her project to promote racial healing with the Bray School Lab.","Daniel Pleasant is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Daniel describes his journey to William \u0026 Mary and what led him to the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. He also describes the different projects he has worked on in the lab. Daniel reflects on his experiences working in the lab and what they Bray School Lab means to him.","Stephen Seals is the director of Curated Programs at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and portrays Nation Builder James Lafayette. Stephen Seals discusses his life experiences that brought him to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, including his current roles and his experience with interpretations for the Bray School. Stephen reflects on his thoughts about the opening of the Bray School.","Ann Marie Stock is the Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships, and a Chancellor Professor in the Modern Languages department at William Mary. She has authored several books and works in Cuban cinema. Ann Marie discusses her journey from the mid-west to Cuba, and her journey to William \u0026 Mary. She also discusses the people who shaped her future and her path to Presidential Liaison for Strategic Cultural Partnerships. Ann Marie discusses her thoughts on the move of the Bray School, her special friendship with the donors who made the work possible, and those who have been lost that she carries with her into this project.","Linwood E. Tyson, Jr. is a site interpreter for Colonial Williamsburg specializing in eighteenth century African American history. Linwood discusses his role as a site interpreter and his experiences interpreting the black experience at museums and historic sites. Linwood also reflects on what the story of the Williamsburg Bray School means to the community and the world, and his views on the site opening in the Fall of 2024.","Cecilia Weaver is a William \u0026 Mary student and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Cecilia describes her role as a Student Thought Partner in the Bray School Lab and the many projects and experiences she had working with the program. Cecilia reflects on the importance of the Bray School and its legacies.","Matthew Webster is Executive Director of the Historical Preservation and Research at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and is the project manager for the Williamsburg Bray School and its relocation to the Colonial Williamsburg historic district. Matt Webster discusses the history of the discovery of the Bray school located on the campus of William \u0026 Mary since its construction in 1760. He explains the process to stabilize the building, move it to the historic district and restore it for its opening as the 89th original building in the Colonial Williamsburg historic district in September 2024. Matt Webster discusses the architectural processes related to the Williamsburg Bray School.","Hope Wright is an actor/interpreter with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and a descendant community member. Hope Wright discusses her experience portraying Bray school students in Colonial Williamsburg family programming projects and her current role as an actor/interpreter in addition to her scholarship on material culture in the eighteenth century. She also discusses her aspirations for the interpretation of the site when it opens in September 2024 as the 89th original building with Colonial Williamsburg. Actor/Interpreter HopeWright discusses her experience working in programming for the Bray school and her reflections as a descendant community member.","Ye Xiao is a student at William \u0026 Mary and a Student Thought Partner with the William \u0026 Mary Bray School Lab. Ye describes her experience working as a student thought partner with the Bray School Lab. Ye discusses her work with the Bray School Lab, her experiences as a student at William \u0026 Mary and her thoughts on the importance of the work of the Williamsburg Bray School.","Tina Xo is a descendant community member of the Williamsburg Bray School and a descendant of the revolutionary war hero James Armistead Lafayette. She lived in the US and abroad due to her father's military service, but raised her family in the Williamsburg area. Tina Xo discusses her ties to the Williamsburg community and her experience visiting the home of her family, and learning the history of her ancestors. She recounts her feelings and thoughts related to the black experience, education, and her experience working with the Tuskegee Airmen. She recounts the different experiences engaging with the work of the Bray School Lab at different events. Tina Xo is a descendant community member for the Williamsburg Bray School who advocates for local history, specifically the Tuskegee Airmen."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Terry L. Meyers, English Department"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":180,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:20:42.771Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9790_c35"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7979#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRegister, 1887-1894, of the Lenoir County, North Carolina, Public Schools. Includes list of students, ages of students, attendence records, and some grades for African-American students in the Lenoir County Public Schools.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7979#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_7979.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register","title_ssm":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"title_tesim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"unitdate_ssm":["1887-1895"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1895"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01050","/repositories/2/resources/7979"],"text":["SC 01050","/repositories/2/resources/7979","Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register","North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century","African Americans--Education","African Americans--History--19th century","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Register, 1887-1894, of the Lenoir County, North Carolina, Public Schools.  Includes list of students, ages of students, attendence records, and some grades for African-American students in the Lenoir County Public Schools.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01050","/repositories/2/resources/7979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"collection_ssim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century"],"places_ssim":["North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Education","African Americans--History--19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Education","African Americans--History--19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLenoir County (NC) Public School Register, 1887-1895, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register, 1887-1895, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRegister, 1887-1894, of the Lenoir County, North Carolina, Public Schools.  Includes list of students, ages of students, attendence records, and some grades for African-American students in the Lenoir County Public Schools.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Register, 1887-1894, of the Lenoir County, North Carolina, Public Schools.  Includes list of students, ages of students, attendence records, and some grades for African-American students in the Lenoir County Public Schools."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:55:13.419Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7979","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_7979.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register","title_ssm":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"title_tesim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"unitdate_ssm":["1887-1895"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1895"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01050","/repositories/2/resources/7979"],"text":["SC 01050","/repositories/2/resources/7979","Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register","North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century","African Americans--Education","African Americans--History--19th century","Collection is open to all researchers. 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Includes list of students, ages of students, attendence records, and some grades for African-American students in the Lenoir County Public Schools.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01050","/repositories/2/resources/7979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"collection_ssim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century"],"places_ssim":["North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Education","African Americans--History--19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Education","African Americans--History--19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLenoir County (NC) Public School Register, 1887-1895, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lenoir County (NC) Public School Register, 1887-1895, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRegister, 1887-1894, of the Lenoir County, North Carolina, Public Schools.  Includes list of students, ages of students, attendence records, and some grades for African-American students in the Lenoir County Public Schools.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Register, 1887-1894, of the Lenoir County, North Carolina, Public Schools.  Includes list of students, ages of students, attendence records, and some grades for African-American students in the Lenoir County Public Schools."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:55:13.419Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7979"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8391","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Miriam Carter Family documents and photographs","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8391#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Carter, James A., II","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8391#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePhotographs, letters, newsapers articles, and eulogies relating to the family of Miriam Carter. 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