{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=3","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=2","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=3"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":null,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":22,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1822#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1822#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e The collection MSS 16920 contains the Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family history (1795; 1820-1978) written by William George Rich III (1905-1988) about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren Broady Tinsley, (an indigenous woman) and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of an indigenous woman Malinda Edwards)and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his 7 cousins) who lived on their own land in Amherst, Virginia. The collection is remarkable in the amount of detail that is provided about a prosperous African American family living during Jim Crow laws. Charles Robert Tinsley was the owner of a livery stable and built a house for his children, grandchildren and his parents, Nelson and Lauren Tinsley.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1822#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1822.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/229825","title_filing_ssi":"Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers","title_ssm":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers"],"title_tesim":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1988","1819-1820"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1819-1820"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1870-1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"text":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988","MSS 16920","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1822","African American families","African Americans -- Virginia","Deafness","African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)","This collection is open for research.","The collection (MSS 16920) contains the Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family history (1820-1978) of Amherst, Virginia written and compiled by William George Rich III (1905-1988)and his family about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren (Broady) Tinsley –  and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of Malinda Edwards, an indigenous woman) and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his cousins.) The eight grandchildren, called the cousins of Amherst, (many of them earning college and post college degrees) were  - Vernon Allan Rich (1902-1985), William George Rich III (1904-1988), Celestine Rich Arnold (1915-?)- born to Bessie Tinsley 1877-1951  and William George Rich II who was Deaf;  Alma Brown (1902-1926), Charles \"Son\" Brown (1904-1959), Hausie Brown (1910-1934) who were the children of Lillie Tinsley (1879-1922) and Charles Brown; Constance Thomas Parker (1917-1981) was the daughter of Hariette \"Hattie\" Tinsley (1881-1949) and Richard Gates Thomas; and Dorothy Massie Christian (1904-1966) was the daughter of Signora Tinsley (1885-1940) and Hugh Massie (1883-1980).","The collection MSS 16920 contains the Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family history (1795; 1820-1978) written by William George Rich III (1905-1988) about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren Broady Tinsley, (an indigenous woman) and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of an indigenous woman Malinda Edwards)and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his 7 cousins) who lived on their own land in Amherst, Virginia. The collection is remarkable in the amount of detail that is provided about a prosperous African American family living during Jim Crow laws. Charles Robert Tinsley was the owner of a livery stable and built a house for his children, grandchildren and his parents, Nelson and Lauren Tinsley.","Betty Edwards Tinsley (wife of Charles Robert Tinsley) inherited land from her parents, Washington Edwards and Malinda Edwards (an indigenous woman.) Her father was a minister and may have been white or mixed race. Charles Robert Tinsley sold part of that land and built a farm and successful livery business in Amherst, near Lynchburg, where several generations of the family lived a comfortable life on 64 Depot Road.","There are typed family histories in homemade scrapbooks documenting multiple generations of the Tinsley-Rich-Edwards family, self- described as a prosperous and \"happy\" African American family and with deep roots in Virginia and highly respected by other African American and white families.","The collection contains a photocopy of an 1819 Notice of Sale of six enslaved men of which one man (William Tinsley) was freed and saved his own for sale notice. Jacob and Isaac Tinsley, son and heirs of the white William Tinsley, created the for-sale notice \"Six Lively Young Negroes\". The white heirs made enough money from the sale to free the seventh person, who decided to call himself William Tinsley. The name of William Tinsley's wife is unknown. They had a son named Nelson Tinsley, born in 1823 who married Lauren Broady in 1850.","The Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family collection is a rich resource which details their family life and describes family members and their close relationships. It contains family photographs with compelling clarity from the 1890s to the 1950s, that bring this family to life.","There are documents including news clippings, ephemera, genealogical charts, certificates, military separation papers, a manuscript plan map of the Tinsley \"Homestead\" and its plot in Amherst, a genealogical essay on family history, including personal recollections, noting that Rich II was born deaf and was sent for schooling at the Kendall School (Gadaulet College) in Washington DC.","There are two homemade scrapbooks and two albums with nearly 400 mounted photographs of various sizes and formats, as well as nearly 200 loose photographs in and out of albums.There are carte-de-visites, cabinet card photographs, negatives, and photo postcards.","One includes Bessie Tinsley Rich's album, which contains 117 mounted and approximately 50 loose photographs, all dating from about 1870-1950, and with ink text annotations written directly on pages.","One includes Celestine Rich's album containing 173 mounted photographs, approximately 35 loose, mostly from the 1930s.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"collection_ssim":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16920","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1822"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16920","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1822"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"creator_ssim":["Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"creators_ssim":["Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 18 July 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American families","African Americans -- Virginia","Deafness","African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American families","African Americans -- Virginia","Deafness","African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".9 Cubic Feet 1 document box (letter) and 1 medium flat box"],"extent_tesim":[".9 Cubic Feet 1 document box (letter) and 1 medium flat box"],"genreform_ssim":["African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)"],"date_range_isim":[1819,1820,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection (MSS 16920) contains the Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family history (1820-1978) of Amherst, Virginia written and compiled by William George Rich III (1905-1988)and his family about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren (Broady) Tinsley –  and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of Malinda Edwards, an indigenous woman) and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his cousins.) The eight grandchildren, called the cousins of Amherst, (many of them earning college and post college degrees) were  - Vernon Allan Rich (1902-1985), William George Rich III (1904-1988), Celestine Rich Arnold (1915-?)- born to Bessie Tinsley 1877-1951  and William George Rich II who was Deaf;  Alma Brown (1902-1926), Charles \"Son\" Brown (1904-1959), Hausie Brown (1910-1934) who were the children of Lillie Tinsley (1879-1922) and Charles Brown; Constance Thomas Parker (1917-1981) was the daughter of Hariette \"Hattie\" Tinsley (1881-1949) and Richard Gates Thomas; and Dorothy Massie Christian (1904-1966) was the daughter of Signora Tinsley (1885-1940) and Hugh Massie (1883-1980).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The collection (MSS 16920) contains the Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family history (1820-1978) of Amherst, Virginia written and compiled by William George Rich III (1905-1988)and his family about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren (Broady) Tinsley –  and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of Malinda Edwards, an indigenous woman) and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his cousins.) The eight grandchildren, called the cousins of Amherst, (many of them earning college and post college degrees) were  - Vernon Allan Rich (1902-1985), William George Rich III (1904-1988), Celestine Rich Arnold (1915-?)- born to Bessie Tinsley 1877-1951  and William George Rich II who was Deaf;  Alma Brown (1902-1926), Charles \"Son\" Brown (1904-1959), Hausie Brown (1910-1934) who were the children of Lillie Tinsley (1879-1922) and Charles Brown; Constance Thomas Parker (1917-1981) was the daughter of Hariette \"Hattie\" Tinsley (1881-1949) and Richard Gates Thomas; and Dorothy Massie Christian (1904-1966) was the daughter of Signora Tinsley (1885-1940) and Hugh Massie (1883-1980)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16920, Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16920, Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection MSS 16920 contains the Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family history (1795; 1820-1978) written by William George Rich III (1905-1988) about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren Broady Tinsley, (an indigenous woman) and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of an indigenous woman Malinda Edwards)and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his 7 cousins) who lived on their own land in Amherst, Virginia. The collection is remarkable in the amount of detail that is provided about a prosperous African American family living during Jim Crow laws. Charles Robert Tinsley was the owner of a livery stable and built a house for his children, grandchildren and his parents, Nelson and Lauren Tinsley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBetty Edwards Tinsley (wife of Charles Robert Tinsley) inherited land from her parents, Washington Edwards and Malinda Edwards (an indigenous woman.) Her father was a minister and may have been white or mixed race. Charles Robert Tinsley sold part of that land and built a farm and successful livery business in Amherst, near Lynchburg, where several generations of the family lived a comfortable life on 64 Depot Road. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are typed family histories in homemade scrapbooks documenting multiple generations of the Tinsley-Rich-Edwards family, self- described as a prosperous and \"happy\" African American family and with deep roots in Virginia and highly respected by other African American and white families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a photocopy of an 1819 Notice of Sale of six enslaved men of which one man (William Tinsley) was freed and saved his own for sale notice. Jacob and Isaac Tinsley, son and heirs of the white William Tinsley, created the for-sale notice \"Six Lively Young Negroes\". The white heirs made enough money from the sale to free the seventh person, who decided to call himself William Tinsley. The name of William Tinsley's wife is unknown. They had a son named Nelson Tinsley, born in 1823 who married Lauren Broady in 1850.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family collection is a rich resource which details their family life and describes family members and their close relationships. It contains family photographs with compelling clarity from the 1890s to the 1950s, that bring this family to life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are documents including news clippings, ephemera, genealogical charts, certificates, military separation papers, a manuscript plan map of the Tinsley \"Homestead\" and its plot in Amherst, a genealogical essay on family history, including personal recollections, noting that Rich II was born deaf and was sent for schooling at the Kendall School (Gadaulet College) in Washington DC. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are two homemade scrapbooks and two albums with nearly 400 mounted photographs of various sizes and formats, as well as nearly 200 loose photographs in and out of albums.There are carte-de-visites, cabinet card photographs, negatives, and photo postcards. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOne includes Bessie Tinsley Rich's album, which contains 117 mounted and approximately 50 loose photographs, all dating from about 1870-1950, and with ink text annotations written directly on pages. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOne includes Celestine Rich's album containing 173 mounted photographs, approximately 35 loose, mostly from the 1930s. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection MSS 16920 contains the Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family history (1795; 1820-1978) written by William George Rich III (1905-1988) about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren Broady Tinsley, (an indigenous woman) and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of an indigenous woman Malinda Edwards)and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his 7 cousins) who lived on their own land in Amherst, Virginia. The collection is remarkable in the amount of detail that is provided about a prosperous African American family living during Jim Crow laws. Charles Robert Tinsley was the owner of a livery stable and built a house for his children, grandchildren and his parents, Nelson and Lauren Tinsley.","Betty Edwards Tinsley (wife of Charles Robert Tinsley) inherited land from her parents, Washington Edwards and Malinda Edwards (an indigenous woman.) Her father was a minister and may have been white or mixed race. Charles Robert Tinsley sold part of that land and built a farm and successful livery business in Amherst, near Lynchburg, where several generations of the family lived a comfortable life on 64 Depot Road.","There are typed family histories in homemade scrapbooks documenting multiple generations of the Tinsley-Rich-Edwards family, self- described as a prosperous and \"happy\" African American family and with deep roots in Virginia and highly respected by other African American and white families.","The collection contains a photocopy of an 1819 Notice of Sale of six enslaved men of which one man (William Tinsley) was freed and saved his own for sale notice. Jacob and Isaac Tinsley, son and heirs of the white William Tinsley, created the for-sale notice \"Six Lively Young Negroes\". The white heirs made enough money from the sale to free the seventh person, who decided to call himself William Tinsley. The name of William Tinsley's wife is unknown. They had a son named Nelson Tinsley, born in 1823 who married Lauren Broady in 1850.","The Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family collection is a rich resource which details their family life and describes family members and their close relationships. It contains family photographs with compelling clarity from the 1890s to the 1950s, that bring this family to life.","There are documents including news clippings, ephemera, genealogical charts, certificates, military separation papers, a manuscript plan map of the Tinsley \"Homestead\" and its plot in Amherst, a genealogical essay on family history, including personal recollections, noting that Rich II was born deaf and was sent for schooling at the Kendall School (Gadaulet College) in Washington DC.","There are two homemade scrapbooks and two albums with nearly 400 mounted photographs of various sizes and formats, as well as nearly 200 loose photographs in and out of albums.There are carte-de-visites, cabinet card photographs, negatives, and photo postcards.","One includes Bessie Tinsley Rich's album, which contains 117 mounted and approximately 50 loose photographs, all dating from about 1870-1950, and with ink text annotations written directly on pages.","One includes Celestine Rich's album containing 173 mounted photographs, approximately 35 loose, mostly from the 1930s."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"persname_ssim":["Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:59.529Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1822","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1822.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/229825","title_filing_ssi":"Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers","title_ssm":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers"],"title_tesim":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1988","1819-1820"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1819-1820"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1870-1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"text":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988","MSS 16920","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1822","African American families","African Americans -- Virginia","Deafness","African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)","This collection is open for research.","The collection (MSS 16920) contains the Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family history (1820-1978) of Amherst, Virginia written and compiled by William George Rich III (1905-1988)and his family about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren (Broady) Tinsley –  and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of Malinda Edwards, an indigenous woman) and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his cousins.) The eight grandchildren, called the cousins of Amherst, (many of them earning college and post college degrees) were  - Vernon Allan Rich (1902-1985), William George Rich III (1904-1988), Celestine Rich Arnold (1915-?)- born to Bessie Tinsley 1877-1951  and William George Rich II who was Deaf;  Alma Brown (1902-1926), Charles \"Son\" Brown (1904-1959), Hausie Brown (1910-1934) who were the children of Lillie Tinsley (1879-1922) and Charles Brown; Constance Thomas Parker (1917-1981) was the daughter of Hariette \"Hattie\" Tinsley (1881-1949) and Richard Gates Thomas; and Dorothy Massie Christian (1904-1966) was the daughter of Signora Tinsley (1885-1940) and Hugh Massie (1883-1980).","The collection MSS 16920 contains the Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family history (1795; 1820-1978) written by William George Rich III (1905-1988) about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren Broady Tinsley, (an indigenous woman) and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of an indigenous woman Malinda Edwards)and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his 7 cousins) who lived on their own land in Amherst, Virginia. The collection is remarkable in the amount of detail that is provided about a prosperous African American family living during Jim Crow laws. Charles Robert Tinsley was the owner of a livery stable and built a house for his children, grandchildren and his parents, Nelson and Lauren Tinsley.","Betty Edwards Tinsley (wife of Charles Robert Tinsley) inherited land from her parents, Washington Edwards and Malinda Edwards (an indigenous woman.) Her father was a minister and may have been white or mixed race. Charles Robert Tinsley sold part of that land and built a farm and successful livery business in Amherst, near Lynchburg, where several generations of the family lived a comfortable life on 64 Depot Road.","There are typed family histories in homemade scrapbooks documenting multiple generations of the Tinsley-Rich-Edwards family, self- described as a prosperous and \"happy\" African American family and with deep roots in Virginia and highly respected by other African American and white families.","The collection contains a photocopy of an 1819 Notice of Sale of six enslaved men of which one man (William Tinsley) was freed and saved his own for sale notice. Jacob and Isaac Tinsley, son and heirs of the white William Tinsley, created the for-sale notice \"Six Lively Young Negroes\". The white heirs made enough money from the sale to free the seventh person, who decided to call himself William Tinsley. The name of William Tinsley's wife is unknown. They had a son named Nelson Tinsley, born in 1823 who married Lauren Broady in 1850.","The Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family collection is a rich resource which details their family life and describes family members and their close relationships. It contains family photographs with compelling clarity from the 1890s to the 1950s, that bring this family to life.","There are documents including news clippings, ephemera, genealogical charts, certificates, military separation papers, a manuscript plan map of the Tinsley \"Homestead\" and its plot in Amherst, a genealogical essay on family history, including personal recollections, noting that Rich II was born deaf and was sent for schooling at the Kendall School (Gadaulet College) in Washington DC.","There are two homemade scrapbooks and two albums with nearly 400 mounted photographs of various sizes and formats, as well as nearly 200 loose photographs in and out of albums.There are carte-de-visites, cabinet card photographs, negatives, and photo postcards.","One includes Bessie Tinsley Rich's album, which contains 117 mounted and approximately 50 loose photographs, all dating from about 1870-1950, and with ink text annotations written directly on pages.","One includes Celestine Rich's album containing 173 mounted photographs, approximately 35 loose, mostly from the 1930s.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"collection_ssim":["Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, 1819/1820, bulk 1870/1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16920","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1822"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16920","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1822"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"creator_ssim":["Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"creators_ssim":["Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 18 July 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American families","African Americans -- Virginia","Deafness","African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American families","African Americans -- Virginia","Deafness","African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".9 Cubic Feet 1 document box (letter) and 1 medium flat box"],"extent_tesim":[".9 Cubic Feet 1 document box (letter) and 1 medium flat box"],"genreform_ssim":["African Americans -- Photographs","genealogies (histories)"],"date_range_isim":[1819,1820,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection (MSS 16920) contains the Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family history (1820-1978) of Amherst, Virginia written and compiled by William George Rich III (1905-1988)and his family about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren (Broady) Tinsley –  and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of Malinda Edwards, an indigenous woman) and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his cousins.) The eight grandchildren, called the cousins of Amherst, (many of them earning college and post college degrees) were  - Vernon Allan Rich (1902-1985), William George Rich III (1904-1988), Celestine Rich Arnold (1915-?)- born to Bessie Tinsley 1877-1951  and William George Rich II who was Deaf;  Alma Brown (1902-1926), Charles \"Son\" Brown (1904-1959), Hausie Brown (1910-1934) who were the children of Lillie Tinsley (1879-1922) and Charles Brown; Constance Thomas Parker (1917-1981) was the daughter of Hariette \"Hattie\" Tinsley (1881-1949) and Richard Gates Thomas; and Dorothy Massie Christian (1904-1966) was the daughter of Signora Tinsley (1885-1940) and Hugh Massie (1883-1980).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The collection (MSS 16920) contains the Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family history (1820-1978) of Amherst, Virginia written and compiled by William George Rich III (1905-1988)and his family about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren (Broady) Tinsley –  and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of Malinda Edwards, an indigenous woman) and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his cousins.) The eight grandchildren, called the cousins of Amherst, (many of them earning college and post college degrees) were  - Vernon Allan Rich (1902-1985), William George Rich III (1904-1988), Celestine Rich Arnold (1915-?)- born to Bessie Tinsley 1877-1951  and William George Rich II who was Deaf;  Alma Brown (1902-1926), Charles \"Son\" Brown (1904-1959), Hausie Brown (1910-1934) who were the children of Lillie Tinsley (1879-1922) and Charles Brown; Constance Thomas Parker (1917-1981) was the daughter of Hariette \"Hattie\" Tinsley (1881-1949) and Richard Gates Thomas; and Dorothy Massie Christian (1904-1966) was the daughter of Signora Tinsley (1885-1940) and Hugh Massie (1883-1980)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16920, Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16920, Tinsley, Edwards, and Rich family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection MSS 16920 contains the Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family history (1795; 1820-1978) written by William George Rich III (1905-1988) about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren Broady Tinsley, (an indigenous woman) and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of an indigenous woman Malinda Edwards)and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his 7 cousins) who lived on their own land in Amherst, Virginia. The collection is remarkable in the amount of detail that is provided about a prosperous African American family living during Jim Crow laws. Charles Robert Tinsley was the owner of a livery stable and built a house for his children, grandchildren and his parents, Nelson and Lauren Tinsley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBetty Edwards Tinsley (wife of Charles Robert Tinsley) inherited land from her parents, Washington Edwards and Malinda Edwards (an indigenous woman.) Her father was a minister and may have been white or mixed race. Charles Robert Tinsley sold part of that land and built a farm and successful livery business in Amherst, near Lynchburg, where several generations of the family lived a comfortable life on 64 Depot Road. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are typed family histories in homemade scrapbooks documenting multiple generations of the Tinsley-Rich-Edwards family, self- described as a prosperous and \"happy\" African American family and with deep roots in Virginia and highly respected by other African American and white families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a photocopy of an 1819 Notice of Sale of six enslaved men of which one man (William Tinsley) was freed and saved his own for sale notice. Jacob and Isaac Tinsley, son and heirs of the white William Tinsley, created the for-sale notice \"Six Lively Young Negroes\". The white heirs made enough money from the sale to free the seventh person, who decided to call himself William Tinsley. The name of William Tinsley's wife is unknown. They had a son named Nelson Tinsley, born in 1823 who married Lauren Broady in 1850.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family collection is a rich resource which details their family life and describes family members and their close relationships. It contains family photographs with compelling clarity from the 1890s to the 1950s, that bring this family to life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are documents including news clippings, ephemera, genealogical charts, certificates, military separation papers, a manuscript plan map of the Tinsley \"Homestead\" and its plot in Amherst, a genealogical essay on family history, including personal recollections, noting that Rich II was born deaf and was sent for schooling at the Kendall School (Gadaulet College) in Washington DC. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are two homemade scrapbooks and two albums with nearly 400 mounted photographs of various sizes and formats, as well as nearly 200 loose photographs in and out of albums.There are carte-de-visites, cabinet card photographs, negatives, and photo postcards. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOne includes Bessie Tinsley Rich's album, which contains 117 mounted and approximately 50 loose photographs, all dating from about 1870-1950, and with ink text annotations written directly on pages. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOne includes Celestine Rich's album containing 173 mounted photographs, approximately 35 loose, mostly from the 1930s. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection MSS 16920 contains the Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family history (1795; 1820-1978) written by William George Rich III (1905-1988) about his great-great grandfather who called himself William Tinsley (born into enslavery in 1795,and freed in 1820), his great grandparents Nelson and Lauren Broady Tinsley, (an indigenous woman) and his grandparents Charles Robert Tinsley (1851-1919) and Betty Edwards Tinsley (1855-1924) (daughter of an indigenous woman Malinda Edwards)and their eight grandchildren (William George Rich III and his 7 cousins) who lived on their own land in Amherst, Virginia. The collection is remarkable in the amount of detail that is provided about a prosperous African American family living during Jim Crow laws. Charles Robert Tinsley was the owner of a livery stable and built a house for his children, grandchildren and his parents, Nelson and Lauren Tinsley.","Betty Edwards Tinsley (wife of Charles Robert Tinsley) inherited land from her parents, Washington Edwards and Malinda Edwards (an indigenous woman.) Her father was a minister and may have been white or mixed race. Charles Robert Tinsley sold part of that land and built a farm and successful livery business in Amherst, near Lynchburg, where several generations of the family lived a comfortable life on 64 Depot Road.","There are typed family histories in homemade scrapbooks documenting multiple generations of the Tinsley-Rich-Edwards family, self- described as a prosperous and \"happy\" African American family and with deep roots in Virginia and highly respected by other African American and white families.","The collection contains a photocopy of an 1819 Notice of Sale of six enslaved men of which one man (William Tinsley) was freed and saved his own for sale notice. Jacob and Isaac Tinsley, son and heirs of the white William Tinsley, created the for-sale notice \"Six Lively Young Negroes\". The white heirs made enough money from the sale to free the seventh person, who decided to call himself William Tinsley. The name of William Tinsley's wife is unknown. They had a son named Nelson Tinsley, born in 1823 who married Lauren Broady in 1850.","The Tinsley, Edwards, Rich family collection is a rich resource which details their family life and describes family members and their close relationships. It contains family photographs with compelling clarity from the 1890s to the 1950s, that bring this family to life.","There are documents including news clippings, ephemera, genealogical charts, certificates, military separation papers, a manuscript plan map of the Tinsley \"Homestead\" and its plot in Amherst, a genealogical essay on family history, including personal recollections, noting that Rich II was born deaf and was sent for schooling at the Kendall School (Gadaulet College) in Washington DC.","There are two homemade scrapbooks and two albums with nearly 400 mounted photographs of various sizes and formats, as well as nearly 200 loose photographs in and out of albums.There are carte-de-visites, cabinet card photographs, negatives, and photo postcards.","One includes Bessie Tinsley Rich's album, which contains 117 mounted and approximately 50 loose photographs, all dating from about 1870-1950, and with ink text annotations written directly on pages.","One includes Celestine Rich's album containing 173 mounted photographs, approximately 35 loose, mostly from the 1930s."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)"],"persname_ssim":["Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Primary Sources, Uncharted Americana  (Ann Arbor, MI)","Rich, William George, Jr., 1905-1988"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:59.529Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1822"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1919#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains two muster rolls documenting the officers and enlisted men of Company A, 19th Regiment of United States Colored Troops (USCT), while stationed at Chaffins Farm, Virginia, during the final year of the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1919#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1919.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/241644","title_filing_ssi":"United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia","title_ssm":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia"],"title_tesim":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865"],"text":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865","MSS 16963","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1919","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans","muster rolls","African American soldiers","African Americans -- Virginia","This collection is open for research.","In late 1863, Brigadier General William Birney and Colonel Samuel Bowman (promoted to Brevet Brigadier General) were stationed at Benedict, Maryland to superintend the recruitment and organization of African American soldiers. On December 15, 1863, Brigadier General Birney organized the 19th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, which primarily consisted of enslaved men from Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. According to the muster rolls in this collection, some of the men were from Chaffin Farm, Virginia. The operation at Benedict was heavily tied to the enlistment and liberation of Black troops:","The Location: Training and organizing took place at Camp Stanton (also referred to as Camp Birney), located on the Patuxent River in Benedict, Maryland.","The Recruitment: General Birney was tasked by the U.S. War Department to raise Black regiments. Enslaved men were liberated from regional slave prisons and used Benedict as a staging point to build up their ranks.","The Regiment's Future: After organizing the 19th USCT, the regiment remained at Benedict for basic training until March 1, 1864, before deploying to Baltimore and eventually joining the Army of the Potomac.(1) The regiment was present at the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9–10, 1865.","USCT were Union Army regiments during the American Civil War that primarily comprised African Americans, with soldiers from other ethnic groups also serving in USCT units. Established in response to a demand for more units from Union Army commanders, USCT regiments, which totaled 175 by the end of the war in 1865, constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the army, according to historian Kelly Mezurek, author of For Their Own Cause: The 27th United States Colored Troops (The Kent State University Press, 2016). \"They served in infantry, artillery, and cavalry.\" Approximately 20 percent of USCT soldiers were killed in action or died of disease and other causes, a rate about 35 percent higher than that of white Union troops. Numerous USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor.","The courage displayed by Blacks during the Civil War played an important role in African Americans gaining new rights. As Frederick Douglass said in an 1863 speech:","Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S.; let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder, and bullets in his pocket, and there is no power on the earth or under the earth which can deny that he has earned the right of citizenship in the United States.(2)","The 19th Regiment USCT were among the first Union soldiers to enter and capture Richmond when the Confederate capital fell on April 3, 1865.  In fact, the soldiers of both the 19th (and 39th) Regiments played a central role in the Appomattox campaign leading to General Lee's April 9, 1865 surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.(3)","Source:\n1\"United States Colored Troop, 19th Regiment Company A\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_United_States_Colored_Infantry_Regiment","2. \"United States Colored Troops\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops","3. The 19th Regiment US Colored Troops from Queen Anne's County. Queen Anne's County Maryland website. August 12, 2025\nhttps://visitqueenannes.com/the-19th-regiment-us-colored-troops-from-queen-annes-county/","For more information\n\"William Birney\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Birney","\"Colonel Samuel Bowman 19th Regiment\" \nhttps://colcohist-gensoc.org/wp-content/uploads/A_Civil_War_General_Bowman.pdf","This collection contains two muster rolls documenting the officers and enlisted men of Company A, 19th Regiment of United States Colored Troops (USCT), while stationed at Chaffins Farm, Virginia, during the final year of the Civil War.","The first muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","The second muster roll documents two months of Company A's activity from December 31, 1864 through February 28, 1865, also at Chaffin's Farm. It lists three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.","The 19th Regiment USCT was organized at Camp Stanton, Maryland on December 25, 1863, and served primarily in Maryland and Virginia before mustering out on January 25, 1867. The regiment was present at the surrender of Lee's Confederacy at Appomattox Court House in April 1865.","Muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","Muster roll records for three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16963","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1919"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16963","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1919"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase from McBride Rare Books to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 March 2026"],"access_subjects_ssim":["muster rolls","African American soldiers","African Americans -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["muster rolls","African American soldiers","African Americans -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Cubic Feet 1 small oversize folder (24x36)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Cubic Feet 1 small oversize folder (24x36)"],"physfacet_tesim":["2 unfolded muster rolls (going to Preservation)"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn late 1863, Brigadier General William Birney and Colonel Samuel Bowman (promoted to Brevet Brigadier General) were stationed at Benedict, Maryland to superintend the recruitment and organization of African American soldiers. On December 15, 1863, Brigadier General Birney organized the 19th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, which primarily consisted of enslaved men from Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. According to the muster rolls in this collection, some of the men were from Chaffin Farm, Virginia. The operation at Benedict was heavily tied to the enlistment and liberation of Black troops:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Location: Training and organizing took place at Camp Stanton (also referred to as Camp Birney), located on the Patuxent River in Benedict, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Recruitment: General Birney was tasked by the U.S. War Department to raise Black regiments. Enslaved men were liberated from regional slave prisons and used Benedict as a staging point to build up their ranks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Regiment's Future: After organizing the 19th USCT, the regiment remained at Benedict for basic training until March 1, 1864, before deploying to Baltimore and eventually joining the Army of the Potomac.(1) The regiment was present at the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9–10, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUSCT were Union Army regiments during the American Civil War that primarily comprised African Americans, with soldiers from other ethnic groups also serving in USCT units. Established in response to a demand for more units from Union Army commanders, USCT regiments, which totaled 175 by the end of the war in 1865, constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the army, according to historian Kelly Mezurek, author of For Their Own Cause: The 27th United States Colored Troops (The Kent State University Press, 2016). \"They served in infantry, artillery, and cavalry.\" Approximately 20 percent of USCT soldiers were killed in action or died of disease and other causes, a rate about 35 percent higher than that of white Union troops. Numerous USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe courage displayed by Blacks during the Civil War played an important role in African Americans gaining new rights. As Frederick Douglass said in an 1863 speech:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e    Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S.; let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder, and bullets in his pocket, and there is no power on the earth or under the earth which can deny that he has earned the right of citizenship in the United States.(2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 19th Regiment USCT were among the first Union soldiers to enter and capture Richmond when the Confederate capital fell on April 3, 1865.  In fact, the soldiers of both the 19th (and 39th) Regiments played a central role in the Appomattox campaign leading to General Lee's April 9, 1865 surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.(3)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\n1\"United States Colored Troop, 19th Regiment Company A\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_United_States_Colored_Infantry_Regiment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. \"United States Colored Troops\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3. The 19th Regiment US Colored Troops from Queen Anne's County. Queen Anne's County Maryland website. August 12, 2025\nhttps://visitqueenannes.com/the-19th-regiment-us-colored-troops-from-queen-annes-county/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more information\n\"William Birney\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Birney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Colonel Samuel Bowman 19th Regiment\" \nhttps://colcohist-gensoc.org/wp-content/uploads/A_Civil_War_General_Bowman.pdf\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In late 1863, Brigadier General William Birney and Colonel Samuel Bowman (promoted to Brevet Brigadier General) were stationed at Benedict, Maryland to superintend the recruitment and organization of African American soldiers. On December 15, 1863, Brigadier General Birney organized the 19th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, which primarily consisted of enslaved men from Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. According to the muster rolls in this collection, some of the men were from Chaffin Farm, Virginia. The operation at Benedict was heavily tied to the enlistment and liberation of Black troops:","The Location: Training and organizing took place at Camp Stanton (also referred to as Camp Birney), located on the Patuxent River in Benedict, Maryland.","The Recruitment: General Birney was tasked by the U.S. War Department to raise Black regiments. Enslaved men were liberated from regional slave prisons and used Benedict as a staging point to build up their ranks.","The Regiment's Future: After organizing the 19th USCT, the regiment remained at Benedict for basic training until March 1, 1864, before deploying to Baltimore and eventually joining the Army of the Potomac.(1) The regiment was present at the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9–10, 1865.","USCT were Union Army regiments during the American Civil War that primarily comprised African Americans, with soldiers from other ethnic groups also serving in USCT units. Established in response to a demand for more units from Union Army commanders, USCT regiments, which totaled 175 by the end of the war in 1865, constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the army, according to historian Kelly Mezurek, author of For Their Own Cause: The 27th United States Colored Troops (The Kent State University Press, 2016). \"They served in infantry, artillery, and cavalry.\" Approximately 20 percent of USCT soldiers were killed in action or died of disease and other causes, a rate about 35 percent higher than that of white Union troops. Numerous USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor.","The courage displayed by Blacks during the Civil War played an important role in African Americans gaining new rights. As Frederick Douglass said in an 1863 speech:","Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S.; let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder, and bullets in his pocket, and there is no power on the earth or under the earth which can deny that he has earned the right of citizenship in the United States.(2)","The 19th Regiment USCT were among the first Union soldiers to enter and capture Richmond when the Confederate capital fell on April 3, 1865.  In fact, the soldiers of both the 19th (and 39th) Regiments played a central role in the Appomattox campaign leading to General Lee's April 9, 1865 surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.(3)","Source:\n1\"United States Colored Troop, 19th Regiment Company A\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_United_States_Colored_Infantry_Regiment","2. \"United States Colored Troops\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops","3. The 19th Regiment US Colored Troops from Queen Anne's County. Queen Anne's County Maryland website. August 12, 2025\nhttps://visitqueenannes.com/the-19th-regiment-us-colored-troops-from-queen-annes-county/","For more information\n\"William Birney\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Birney","\"Colonel Samuel Bowman 19th Regiment\" \nhttps://colcohist-gensoc.org/wp-content/uploads/A_Civil_War_General_Bowman.pdf"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16963, United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16963, United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains two muster rolls documenting the officers and enlisted men of Company A, 19th Regiment of United States Colored Troops (USCT), while stationed at Chaffins Farm, Virginia, during the final year of the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second muster roll documents two months of Company A's activity from December 31, 1864 through February 28, 1865, also at Chaffin's Farm. It lists three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 19th Regiment USCT was organized at Camp Stanton, Maryland on December 25, 1863, and served primarily in Maryland and Virginia before mustering out on January 25, 1867. The regiment was present at the surrender of Lee's Confederacy at Appomattox Court House in April 1865. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMuster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuster roll records for three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains two muster rolls documenting the officers and enlisted men of Company A, 19th Regiment of United States Colored Troops (USCT), while stationed at Chaffins Farm, Virginia, during the final year of the Civil War.","The first muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","The second muster roll documents two months of Company A's activity from December 31, 1864 through February 28, 1865, also at Chaffin's Farm. It lists three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.","The 19th Regiment USCT was organized at Camp Stanton, Maryland on December 25, 1863, and served primarily in Maryland and Virginia before mustering out on January 25, 1867. The regiment was present at the surrender of Lee's Confederacy at Appomattox Court House in April 1865.","Muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","Muster roll records for three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:59.529Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1919","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1919.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/241644","title_filing_ssi":"United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia","title_ssm":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia"],"title_tesim":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865"],"text":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865","MSS 16963","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1919","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans","muster rolls","African American soldiers","African Americans -- Virginia","This collection is open for research.","In late 1863, Brigadier General William Birney and Colonel Samuel Bowman (promoted to Brevet Brigadier General) were stationed at Benedict, Maryland to superintend the recruitment and organization of African American soldiers. On December 15, 1863, Brigadier General Birney organized the 19th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, which primarily consisted of enslaved men from Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. According to the muster rolls in this collection, some of the men were from Chaffin Farm, Virginia. The operation at Benedict was heavily tied to the enlistment and liberation of Black troops:","The Location: Training and organizing took place at Camp Stanton (also referred to as Camp Birney), located on the Patuxent River in Benedict, Maryland.","The Recruitment: General Birney was tasked by the U.S. War Department to raise Black regiments. Enslaved men were liberated from regional slave prisons and used Benedict as a staging point to build up their ranks.","The Regiment's Future: After organizing the 19th USCT, the regiment remained at Benedict for basic training until March 1, 1864, before deploying to Baltimore and eventually joining the Army of the Potomac.(1) The regiment was present at the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9–10, 1865.","USCT were Union Army regiments during the American Civil War that primarily comprised African Americans, with soldiers from other ethnic groups also serving in USCT units. Established in response to a demand for more units from Union Army commanders, USCT regiments, which totaled 175 by the end of the war in 1865, constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the army, according to historian Kelly Mezurek, author of For Their Own Cause: The 27th United States Colored Troops (The Kent State University Press, 2016). \"They served in infantry, artillery, and cavalry.\" Approximately 20 percent of USCT soldiers were killed in action or died of disease and other causes, a rate about 35 percent higher than that of white Union troops. Numerous USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor.","The courage displayed by Blacks during the Civil War played an important role in African Americans gaining new rights. As Frederick Douglass said in an 1863 speech:","Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S.; let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder, and bullets in his pocket, and there is no power on the earth or under the earth which can deny that he has earned the right of citizenship in the United States.(2)","The 19th Regiment USCT were among the first Union soldiers to enter and capture Richmond when the Confederate capital fell on April 3, 1865.  In fact, the soldiers of both the 19th (and 39th) Regiments played a central role in the Appomattox campaign leading to General Lee's April 9, 1865 surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.(3)","Source:\n1\"United States Colored Troop, 19th Regiment Company A\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_United_States_Colored_Infantry_Regiment","2. \"United States Colored Troops\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops","3. The 19th Regiment US Colored Troops from Queen Anne's County. Queen Anne's County Maryland website. August 12, 2025\nhttps://visitqueenannes.com/the-19th-regiment-us-colored-troops-from-queen-annes-county/","For more information\n\"William Birney\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Birney","\"Colonel Samuel Bowman 19th Regiment\" \nhttps://colcohist-gensoc.org/wp-content/uploads/A_Civil_War_General_Bowman.pdf","This collection contains two muster rolls documenting the officers and enlisted men of Company A, 19th Regiment of United States Colored Troops (USCT), while stationed at Chaffins Farm, Virginia, during the final year of the Civil War.","The first muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","The second muster roll documents two months of Company A's activity from December 31, 1864 through February 28, 1865, also at Chaffin's Farm. It lists three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.","The 19th Regiment USCT was organized at Camp Stanton, Maryland on December 25, 1863, and served primarily in Maryland and Virginia before mustering out on January 25, 1867. The regiment was present at the surrender of Lee's Confederacy at Appomattox Court House in April 1865.","Muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","Muster roll records for three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16963","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1919"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16963","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1919"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a purchase from McBride Rare Books to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 March 2026"],"access_subjects_ssim":["muster rolls","African American soldiers","African Americans -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["muster rolls","African American soldiers","African Americans -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Cubic Feet 1 small oversize folder (24x36)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Cubic Feet 1 small oversize folder (24x36)"],"physfacet_tesim":["2 unfolded muster rolls (going to Preservation)"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn late 1863, Brigadier General William Birney and Colonel Samuel Bowman (promoted to Brevet Brigadier General) were stationed at Benedict, Maryland to superintend the recruitment and organization of African American soldiers. On December 15, 1863, Brigadier General Birney organized the 19th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, which primarily consisted of enslaved men from Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. According to the muster rolls in this collection, some of the men were from Chaffin Farm, Virginia. The operation at Benedict was heavily tied to the enlistment and liberation of Black troops:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Location: Training and organizing took place at Camp Stanton (also referred to as Camp Birney), located on the Patuxent River in Benedict, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Recruitment: General Birney was tasked by the U.S. War Department to raise Black regiments. Enslaved men were liberated from regional slave prisons and used Benedict as a staging point to build up their ranks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Regiment's Future: After organizing the 19th USCT, the regiment remained at Benedict for basic training until March 1, 1864, before deploying to Baltimore and eventually joining the Army of the Potomac.(1) The regiment was present at the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9–10, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUSCT were Union Army regiments during the American Civil War that primarily comprised African Americans, with soldiers from other ethnic groups also serving in USCT units. Established in response to a demand for more units from Union Army commanders, USCT regiments, which totaled 175 by the end of the war in 1865, constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the army, according to historian Kelly Mezurek, author of For Their Own Cause: The 27th United States Colored Troops (The Kent State University Press, 2016). \"They served in infantry, artillery, and cavalry.\" Approximately 20 percent of USCT soldiers were killed in action or died of disease and other causes, a rate about 35 percent higher than that of white Union troops. Numerous USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe courage displayed by Blacks during the Civil War played an important role in African Americans gaining new rights. As Frederick Douglass said in an 1863 speech:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e    Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S.; let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder, and bullets in his pocket, and there is no power on the earth or under the earth which can deny that he has earned the right of citizenship in the United States.(2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 19th Regiment USCT were among the first Union soldiers to enter and capture Richmond when the Confederate capital fell on April 3, 1865.  In fact, the soldiers of both the 19th (and 39th) Regiments played a central role in the Appomattox campaign leading to General Lee's April 9, 1865 surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.(3)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\n1\"United States Colored Troop, 19th Regiment Company A\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_United_States_Colored_Infantry_Regiment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. \"United States Colored Troops\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3. The 19th Regiment US Colored Troops from Queen Anne's County. Queen Anne's County Maryland website. August 12, 2025\nhttps://visitqueenannes.com/the-19th-regiment-us-colored-troops-from-queen-annes-county/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more information\n\"William Birney\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Birney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Colonel Samuel Bowman 19th Regiment\" \nhttps://colcohist-gensoc.org/wp-content/uploads/A_Civil_War_General_Bowman.pdf\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In late 1863, Brigadier General William Birney and Colonel Samuel Bowman (promoted to Brevet Brigadier General) were stationed at Benedict, Maryland to superintend the recruitment and organization of African American soldiers. On December 15, 1863, Brigadier General Birney organized the 19th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, which primarily consisted of enslaved men from Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. According to the muster rolls in this collection, some of the men were from Chaffin Farm, Virginia. The operation at Benedict was heavily tied to the enlistment and liberation of Black troops:","The Location: Training and organizing took place at Camp Stanton (also referred to as Camp Birney), located on the Patuxent River in Benedict, Maryland.","The Recruitment: General Birney was tasked by the U.S. War Department to raise Black regiments. Enslaved men were liberated from regional slave prisons and used Benedict as a staging point to build up their ranks.","The Regiment's Future: After organizing the 19th USCT, the regiment remained at Benedict for basic training until March 1, 1864, before deploying to Baltimore and eventually joining the Army of the Potomac.(1) The regiment was present at the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9–10, 1865.","USCT were Union Army regiments during the American Civil War that primarily comprised African Americans, with soldiers from other ethnic groups also serving in USCT units. Established in response to a demand for more units from Union Army commanders, USCT regiments, which totaled 175 by the end of the war in 1865, constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the army, according to historian Kelly Mezurek, author of For Their Own Cause: The 27th United States Colored Troops (The Kent State University Press, 2016). \"They served in infantry, artillery, and cavalry.\" Approximately 20 percent of USCT soldiers were killed in action or died of disease and other causes, a rate about 35 percent higher than that of white Union troops. Numerous USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor.","The courage displayed by Blacks during the Civil War played an important role in African Americans gaining new rights. As Frederick Douglass said in an 1863 speech:","Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S.; let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder, and bullets in his pocket, and there is no power on the earth or under the earth which can deny that he has earned the right of citizenship in the United States.(2)","The 19th Regiment USCT were among the first Union soldiers to enter and capture Richmond when the Confederate capital fell on April 3, 1865.  In fact, the soldiers of both the 19th (and 39th) Regiments played a central role in the Appomattox campaign leading to General Lee's April 9, 1865 surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.(3)","Source:\n1\"United States Colored Troop, 19th Regiment Company A\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_United_States_Colored_Infantry_Regiment","2. \"United States Colored Troops\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops","3. The 19th Regiment US Colored Troops from Queen Anne's County. Queen Anne's County Maryland website. August 12, 2025\nhttps://visitqueenannes.com/the-19th-regiment-us-colored-troops-from-queen-annes-county/","For more information\n\"William Birney\" Wikipedia. Accessed 5/29/2026\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Birney","\"Colonel Samuel Bowman 19th Regiment\" \nhttps://colcohist-gensoc.org/wp-content/uploads/A_Civil_War_General_Bowman.pdf"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16963, United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16963, United States Colored Troops, 19th Regiment, Company A muster rolls, Chaffin Farm, Virginia, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains two muster rolls documenting the officers and enlisted men of Company A, 19th Regiment of United States Colored Troops (USCT), while stationed at Chaffins Farm, Virginia, during the final year of the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second muster roll documents two months of Company A's activity from December 31, 1864 through February 28, 1865, also at Chaffin's Farm. It lists three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 19th Regiment USCT was organized at Camp Stanton, Maryland on December 25, 1863, and served primarily in Maryland and Virginia before mustering out on January 25, 1867. The regiment was present at the surrender of Lee's Confederacy at Appomattox Court House in April 1865. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMuster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuster roll records for three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains two muster rolls documenting the officers and enlisted men of Company A, 19th Regiment of United States Colored Troops (USCT), while stationed at Chaffins Farm, Virginia, during the final year of the Civil War.","The first muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","The second muster roll documents two months of Company A's activity from December 31, 1864 through February 28, 1865, also at Chaffin's Farm. It lists three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing.","The 19th Regiment USCT was organized at Camp Stanton, Maryland on December 25, 1863, and served primarily in Maryland and Virginia before mustering out on January 25, 1867. The regiment was present at the surrender of Lee's Confederacy at Appomattox Court House in April 1865.","Muster roll records details for seven officers, a surgeon, a chaplain, and four sergeants at Chaffin's Farm. Muster rolls reveal the place and date of enlistment; mustering details; last date of pay; and comments on the current status of each individual, including promotions, demotions, absences due to sickness, detached duty, and leave.","Muster roll records for three officers, five sergeants, seven corporals, and approximately eighty privates, including one soldier who died of pneumonia in January 1865. Enlisted men were recruited from various counties throughout Maryland, as well as Accomack County, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., for three-year terms under a variety of colonels. An inspection report on the verso rates the company \"Good\" across all six evaluated categories: discipline, instruction, military appearance, arms, accoutrements, and clothing."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 19th (1863-1867)"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","United States. Army. 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